Pressure maintaining and temperature control method for irrigation and aspiration system

Abstract

A pressure maintaining and temperature control method for an irrigation and aspiration system. The pressure maintaining and temperature control method comprises a pressure maintaining regulation and control method and a temperature control method. The pressure maintaining regulation and control method comprises the following steps: a pressure measurement device acquires pressure in a cavity and transmits the pressure to a master controller; and the master controller adjusts an irrigation parameter and an aspiration parameter according to pressure values monitored in real time and a data change trend of the pressure values, so that the current pressure in the cavity is balanced at a pressure control value, to implement balance between irrigation and aspiration, the irrigation parameter comprising an irrigation flow gear, the aspiration parameter comprising the opening of a pressure relief valve and an aspiration pressure threshold, the aspiration pressure threshold being an aspiration pressure threshold preset for an aspiration container by the master controller, the start / stop of an aspiration pump being controlled by setting the aspiration pressure threshold, and pressure regulation modes of the master controller comprising a coarse regulation mode, a fine regulation mode, and a hybrid regulation mode.

Description

A constant pressure and temperature control method for perfusion suction system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ureteroscopic lithotripsy surgery, and in particular to a constant pressure and temperature control method for an irrigation and suction system. Background Art

[0002] During conventional flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy, stone dust and hematuria in the renal pelvis can cause blurred vision, necessitating irrigation of flushing fluid to maintain a clear field of vision. However, due to overly rapid irrigation and poor reflux, the renal pelvic pressure can rise significantly, causing infected urine, bacteria, and endotoxins to enter the blood and lymphatic circulation, leading to fever, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and even fatal urosepsis after surgery. To prevent severe infection caused by excessive renal pelvic pressure during flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy, it is necessary to control the renal pelvic pressure within a safe range during surgery. Furthermore, it is necessary to feedback-adjust the perfusion rate and / or negative pressure suction value based on the intraoperative renal pelvic pressure. Whether the pressure measurement method used can accurately and in real time measure the renal pelvic pressure is the cornerstone for ensuring the good performance of the pressure measurement and control system and the safety of the surgical operation.

[0003] The current conventional pressure regulation method is to adjust the pressure in the cavity by adjusting the perfusion flow rate, and no suction device is used to adjust the pressure at the same time. Since the suction effect of the suction pump is large, reducing the perfusion flow rate will cause the pressure to drop too quickly and cannot stabilize at the ideal pressure value. The ideal pressure value in the renal pelvis during surgery needs to be 8-12mmHg. The surgical environment is complex, and the pressure in the renal pelvis is always in a fluctuating state. The current pressure regulation is extensive and cannot be adjusted to the appropriate ideal pressure. In addition, the tissue loss caused by the sudden increase in temperature caused by laser lithotripsy cannot be reduced in time by reducing the temperature only through perfusion and suction circulation. In view of the short duration of the operation and the extremely high temperature, the surgical risk is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a constant pressure control method for a perfusion and suction system, the perfusion and suction system comprising a sheath, an endoscope, a perfusion device, a suction device, a main control computer, and a pressure sensor; the sheath has a suction channel, the endoscope is inserted into the sheath, and a liquid delivery channel is formed in the endoscope; the pressure sensor is disposed in the endoscope, the sheath, or the perfusion pump, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the body cavity, the perfusion device is connected to the liquid delivery channel for injecting perfusion liquid into the body cavity; the suction device comprises a suction pump and a suction container connected to the suction pump, the suction container is provided with a pressure relief valve, the suction container is connected to the suction channel for extracting liquid from the body cavity, the perfusion device cooperates with the suction device to maintain a suitable pressure in the cavity; the main control computer is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor, the perfusion device, and the suction device;

[0005] The constant pressure control method includes the following steps: step 1) presetting the maximum warning pressure value, the minimum warning pressure value, the pressure control value, and the perfusion flow gear; step 2) the main control machine controls the perfusion device to send the perfusion liquid into the body cavity, and can control the suction device to extract the liquid in the body cavity: step 3) the pressure detection device collects the pressure in the cavity and transmits it to the main control machine, and the main control machine adjusts the perfusion and suction parameters according to the real-time monitored pressure value and the data change trend of the pressure value, so that the current cavity pressure is balanced at the pressure control value, and the balance state of perfusion and suction is achieved. The perfusion parameters include the perfusion flow gear, and the suction parameters include the opening of the pressure relief valve and the suction pressure threshold. The suction pressure threshold is the suction pressure threshold of the suction container preset by the main control machine, and the start and stop of the suction pump are controlled by setting the suction pressure threshold; the constant pressure control of the main control machine includes coarse adjustment mode, fine adjustment mode and mixed adjustment mode. The coarse adjustment mode is for When the intracavitary pressure exceeds the maximum warning pressure value and the minimum warning pressure value, the fine adjustment mode is for the situation where the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value is at the first level, and the mixed adjustment mode is for the situation where the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value is at the second level, and the second level pressure difference is greater than the first level pressure difference; the coarse adjustment mode includes the following steps: adjusting the perfusion flow gear and opening the pressure relief valve for the situation where the pressure exceeds the high warning pressure value and the minimum warning pressure value; the fine adjustment mode includes the following steps: keeping the perfusion gear in operation and the pressure relief valve closed, and adjusting the pressure by fine adjustment of the suction pressure threshold; the mixed adjustment mode includes the following steps: by combining the adjustment of the perfusion flow gear, the pressure relief valve and the suction pressure threshold, the fine adjustment of the perfusion flow, the fine adjustment of the pressure relief valve and the fine adjustment of the suction pressure threshold are combined to act on the intracavitary pressure to achieve the effect of increasing or reducing pressure.

[0006] In some embodiments, when the pressure difference between the cavity pressure and the pressure control value exceeds ±20 mmHg, the coarse adjustment mode is started; when the pressure difference exceeds ±3 mmHg and is within ±8 mmHg, the fine adjustment mode is started; when the pressure difference is detected to exceed ±8 mmHg and is within ±20 mmHg, the mixed adjustment mode is started.

[0007] In some embodiments, the coarse adjustment mode includes the following steps: when the pressure value in the body cavity exceeds the highest warning line, the main control machine controls the reduction of the perfusion flow gear, and controls the suction pressure threshold so that the suction flow>perfusion flow; when the pressure difference in the cavity pressure exceeds the lowest warning line, the perfusion process gear will be increased, the pressure relief valve will be opened, and the suction pressure threshold will be adjusted to the threshold value in the stable state to achieve a rapid balance effect, so that the pressure in the cavity can be freed from the extreme state as soon as possible.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the pressure difference exceeds -3 mmHg and is within -8 mmHg, the perfusion flow rate gear is kept unchanged, the pressure relief valve is kept closed, the perfusion maintains the current operation, and the uploaded data change trend is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the suction pressure threshold is reduced and the reduction amplitude is greater than the amplitude of increasing the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage. In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend to reduce the suction pressure threshold, and the pressurization effect is achieved in a fine-tuning manner; when the pressure difference exceeds 3 mmHg and is within 8 mmHg, the perfusion maintains the current gear operation, and the uploaded data change trend is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the "suction pressure threshold" is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the "suction pressure threshold" is reduced and the reduction amplitude is less than the amplitude of increasing the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage. During the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend to increase the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve a decompression effect.

[0009] In some embodiments, when it is detected that the pressure difference exceeds 8 mmHg and is within 20 mmHg, the perfusion flow rate is appropriately reduced, and the change trend of the uploaded data is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the "suction pressure threshold" is reduced, and the reduction amplitude is smaller than the amplitude of the increase of the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage; in this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend of increasing the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve a decompression effect; when it is detected that the pressure difference is lower than -8 mmHg and within -20 mmHg, the perfusion flow rate maintains the current operation, the pressure relief valve is opened in stages, and the change trend of the uploaded data is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the "suction pressure threshold" is reduced, and the reduction amplitude is larger than the amplitude of the increase of the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage; in this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend of reducing the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve a pressurization effect;

[0010] In some embodiments, the adjustment range of the suction pressure threshold increases as the pressure difference between the intracavity pressure and the pressure control value increases.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a constant pressure and temperature control method for a perfusion and suction system, the method comprising the aforementioned constant pressure control method and temperature control method;

[0012] The perfusion device further includes: a perfusion pump for pumping perfusion liquid; a normal temperature liquid storage bag for storing normal temperature perfusion liquid; a low temperature liquid storage bag for storing low temperature perfusion liquid; a normal temperature liquid inlet pipe, the normal temperature liquid storage bag being connected to the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe; a low temperature liquid inlet pipe, the low temperature liquid storage bag being connected to the low temperature liquid inlet pipe; a temperature sensor, which is arranged on the endoscope or sheath to detect the temperature in the body cavity; a mixing pipeline, one end of the mixing pipeline is connected to the outlets of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to the perfusion pump; a proportional control valve, the proportional control valve being used to control the liquid flow rate of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe; the main control computer controls the mixing ratio of the normal temperature perfusion liquid and the low temperature perfusion liquid according to the temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensor, thereby controlling the supply temperature of the perfusion liquid; the temperature control method includes the following steps: step 1) A first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin are preset, the room temperature storage liquid has a first predetermined temperature t1, and the low temperature storage liquid has a second predetermined temperature t2; step 2) after each temperature acquisition, the acquisition temperature T is compared with the first predetermined temperature Tmax and the second predetermined temperature Tmin. When the acquisition temperature T is higher than the first predetermined temperature Tmax or lower than the second predetermined temperature Tmin, the control valve connects the room temperature storage bag with the mixing pipeline, connects the low temperature storage bag with the mixing pipeline, or controls the mixing ratio of the room temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe according to the temperature difference between the acquisition temperature and the desired temperature, thereby controlling the output liquid temperature of the mixing pipeline; 4) if it is determined that T has reached the ideal temperature, the temperature control process is stopped. If it does not reach the standard, the opening of the proportional control valve is further adjusted in real time according to the temperature difference until it is adjusted to the ideal temperature.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides another constant pressure temperature control method for a perfusion suction system, which includes the aforementioned constant pressure control method and temperature control method, and the perfusion device includes: a low-temperature perfusion pump, which is connected to a low-temperature liquid inlet pipe; a normal temperature perfusion pump, which is connected to a normal temperature liquid inlet pipe, and the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump are connected to the liquid outlet pipe after the liquid outlet is merged; the method includes the following steps: step 1) presetting a first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin, the normal temperature storage liquid has a first preset temperature t1, and the low temperature storage liquid has a second preset temperature Assume temperature t2; step 2) after each temperature acquisition, compare the acquired temperature T with a first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin. When the acquired temperature T is higher than the first predetermined temperature Tmax or lower than the second predetermined temperature Tmin, the main control unit controls the speed ratio of the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump to adjust the flow rates of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe respectively; step 3) if it is determined that T has reached the ideal temperature, the temperature control process is stopped. If it has not reached the ideal temperature, the speed ratio of the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump is further adjusted in real time based on the temperature difference until the ideal temperature is reached.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a perfusion aspirator, which includes a suction device and a perfusion device, the perfusion device including a perfusion pump, the perfusion pump being used to pump perfusion liquid; a normal temperature liquid storage bag, the normal temperature liquid storage bag being used to store normal temperature perfusion liquid; a low temperature liquid storage bag, the low temperature liquid storage bag being used to store low temperature perfusion liquid; a normal temperature liquid inlet pipe, the normal temperature liquid storage bag being connected to the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe; a low temperature liquid inlet pipe, the low temperature liquid storage bag being connected to the low temperature liquid inlet pipe; the suction container including a suction pump, a first negative pressure suction tube, a suction container and a second negative pressure suction tube, one end of the first negative pressure suction tube being connected to the suction pump and the other end being connected to the suction container, one end of the second negative pressure suction tube being connected to the suction container and the other end being connected to the sheath tube; a main control machine, the main control machine being communicatively connected to the perfusion device and the suction device, the main control machine controlling the temperature and pressure in the body cavity by controlling the perfusion device and the suction device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the infusion pump, diaphragm pump, and main control unit are integrated. In some embodiments, the adjustment range of the suction pressure threshold increases as the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value increases.

[0016] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor is configured at the distal end of the endoscope or the proximal end of the sheath, and the temperature sensor is configured at the distal end of the endoscope or the sheath.

[0017] The present invention achieves real-time regulation of the pressure within the body cavity by installing a pressure relief valve in the suction container and setting a suction pressure threshold, and then using the suction device to implement a coarse adjustment mode, a fine adjustment mode, and a mixed adjustment mode, so that the pressure is dynamically balanced at the pressure control value, reducing the damage to the body cavity tissue caused by pressure fluctuations; at the same time, the present invention determines the state of the pressure detection value within the body cavity and the data change trend, and combines multiple modes to dynamically regulate the body cavity pressure. Furthermore, the perfusion suction system provided by the present invention achieves precise control of the temperature within the cavity by controlling the temperature of the perfusion fluid at the source. Compared with relying solely on perfusion flow regulation, this embodiment first reduces the excessive requirements for perfusion flow and the temperature control is more accurate and real-time, reducing the operator's experience requirements and reducing postoperative complications. The system provided by the present invention timely adjusts the perfusion pressure, flow, and temperature by dual monitoring of the pressure and temperature within the cavity, effectively improving the safety of the operation and reducing the risks caused by excessively high or low temperature and pressure during the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the perfusion and suction system provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figures 2-4 are process curve diagrams of the control method provided by the present invention;

[0020] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the perfusion and suction system provided by the present invention;

[0021] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of the perfusion and suction system provided by the present invention;

[0022] FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of the perfusion and suction system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "near," "far," and the like, indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Example 1

[0024] Referring to Figure 1, this embodiment provides an intelligent constant-pressure controlled perfusion and aspiration system. The system comprises a sheath 1, an endoscope 2, an perfusion device, a suction device, a pressure sensor, and a main control unit. The sheath 1 also has a suction channel, which in this embodiment is the same channel as the main channel. The endoscope 2 is inserted into the sheath 1, forming a fluid delivery channel within the endoscope 2. The perfusion device 10 is connected to the fluid delivery channel for injecting perfusion fluid into the body cavity.

[0025] The suction device is used to extract the waste fluid and stones in the cavity through the negative pressure of the sheath, and collect the waste fluid and stones into the suction container through the negative pressure suction tube. The irrigation device cooperates with the suction device to maintain the cavity at a suitable pressure; specifically, the suction device is connected to the sheath 1, and the suction device includes a diaphragm pump, a first negative pressure suction tube 91, a suction container 93 and a second negative pressure suction tube 92. One end of the first negative pressure suction tube 91 is connected to the diaphragm pump, and the other end is connected to the suction container 93. One end of the second negative pressure suction 92 is connected to the suction container 93, and the other end is connected to the sheath 1; specifically, during long-term laser operation, the operation time lasts for a long time, and the irrigation fluid increases relatively, and the suction device can be used to reduce the pressure in the cavity.

[0026] The perfusion device includes a liquid inlet tube 6, a liquid storage bag 3 and a perfusion pump 4, wherein the perfusion pump 4 is connected to the liquid storage bag 3 via the liquid inlet tube 6; the perfusion pump 4 is connected to the liquid delivery channel 8 of the endoscope via the liquid outlet tube 7;

[0027] The suction device includes a suction pump, a first negative pressure suction tube 91, a suction container 93, a second negative pressure suction tube 92 and a pressure sensor. One end of the first negative pressure suction tube 91 is connected to the sheath tube 1, and the other end is connected to the suction container 93. One end of the second negative pressure suction 92 is connected to the suction container 93, and the other end is connected to the suction pump. The pressure sensor is used to detect the intracavitary pressure in the suction container 93. The suction container 93 is provided with a pressure relief valve.

[0028] The main control machine is communicatively connected with the pressure sensor, the perfusion device and the suction device. The main control machine controls the flow rate and pressure of the perfusion device and the suction device according to the pressure value output by the pressure sensor. In this embodiment, the perfusion pump, the suction pump and the main control machine are integrated and installed in the housing 5. Optionally, the perfusion pump is a peristaltic pump and the suction pump is a diaphragm pump.

[0029] It is understandable that the main control machine can be installed on the endoscope or on the image processor 22.

[0030] The pressure sensor can be installed at the distal end of the endoscope, at the distal end of the sheath, or even at the proximal end of the sheath. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 26 is installed at the proximal end of the sheath. This solves the problem of high error caused by a long pressure detection pipeline. In actual operation, the sheath is located in the cavity, so the doctor will not accidentally touch the sheath, thus avoiding pressure detection errors caused by the doctor accidentally hitting the pressure measurement pipeline. At the same time, it solves the problem of instantaneous high pressure caused by installing the pressure sensor at the distal end of the sheath. The pressure sensor 26 is connected to the main control computer.

[0031] The system further comprises a display 27 capable of displaying the pressure output value.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a constant voltage intelligent control method, which includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1) The pressure of the pressure detection device is output to the main control machine, and the main control machine compares the pressure with the preset ideal pressure. If the pressure does not meet the ideal pressure requirement, the main control machine controls the perfusion and aspiration parameters, such as proportional pressure, temperature, and flow rate;

[0034] Step 2) The pressure detection device is provided with a control button, which can be used to directly control the perfusion device and the suction device to regulate the pressure in the body cavity.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction device also includes a suction pressure sensor, which is used to detect the intracavity pressure in the suction container 93. The suction container 93 is provided with a pressure relief valve, and the main control machine presets the suction pressure threshold. When the pressure of the suction container 93 is greater than the suction pressure threshold, the suction pump stops. When the pressure of the suction container is less than the suction pressure threshold and the current cavity pressure is greater than the "pressure control value -3mmHg", the suction pump is turned on. The pressure of the suction container is adjusted by changing the suction pressure threshold. The different pressures of the suction container lead to different suction flow rates. By adjusting the suction flow rate and the perfusion flow rate, a certain pressure is maintained in the cavity to achieve a dynamic balance between perfusion and suction.

[0036] The main control machine controls the change of the suction pressure threshold to further control the pressure in the body cavity by controlling the pressure of the suction container. Compared with the suction pressure directly through the suction pump, the suction pressure threshold can achieve fine adjustment of the pressure in the body cavity and significantly reduce the pressure fluctuation in the body cavity.

[0037] The master controller further presets a maximum warning pressure value, a minimum warning pressure value, a pressure control value, and an infusion flow rate level. The "pressure control value" here refers to the desired pressure value or pressure range within the chamber, and the "warning pressure value" refers to the state where the pressure difference between the chamber pressure and the pressure control value exceeds this value. The pressure detection device monitors the chamber pressure every 0.25 seconds. If the chamber pressure is not within the "pressure control value ±8 mmHg," it indicates that the pressure is too high or too low compared to the "pressure control value," and the pressure difference is too large. In this case, coarse pressure adjustment is required, such as adjusting the infusion level and the pressure relief valve to quickly adjust the chamber pressure to approach or reach the pressure control value. However, when the chamber pressure is within the "pressure control value ±8 mmHg," the pressure difference between the chamber pressure and the pressure control value is small. Continued coarse adjustments, such as adjusting the infusion level or the pressure relief valve, can easily cause the chamber pressure to reach the other extreme, making it difficult to reach or reach the control value. In addition, the suction pressure of the suction pump of the suction device is relatively large. If the pressure is directly adjusted by the suction pump, it is also difficult to achieve the effect of fine adjustment. Based on this, the present invention fine-tunes the pressure threshold of the suction container; in summary, the present invention aims to obtain a dynamic balance of pressure in the cavity, and maintains the pressure in the cavity in a dynamic balance state of the pressure control value through a combination of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment.

[0038] The present invention provides a constant pressure control method for a perfusion and suction system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0039] Step 1) Preset the maximum warning pressure value, minimum warning pressure value, pressure control value, and perfusion flow rate gear;

[0040] Step 2) The main control machine controls the feeding of the perfusion liquid into the perfusion device and the suctioning of the suction device;

[0041] Step 3) The pressure detection device collects the pressure in the cavity and transmits it to the main control computer. The main control computer automatically adjusts the corresponding state system based on the real-time monitored pressure value and the data change trend of the pressure value to balance the current cavity pressure at the pressure control value. When the data exceeds the standard, the system automatically adjusts its own perfusion and suction state to quickly achieve a balanced perfusion and suction state while maintaining a certain cavity pressure. The perfusion parameters include the perfusion flow rate gear, and the suction parameters include the opening of the pressure relief valve and the adjustment of the suction pressure threshold.

[0042] The pressure regulation mode of the main control machine includes a coarse adjustment mode, a fine adjustment mode and a mixed adjustment mode. The coarse adjustment mode is for the case where the pressure in the cavity is in an extreme situation, and the fine adjustment mode is for the case where the pressure difference between the cavity pressure and the pressure control value is small; the mixed adjustment mode is for the case where the pressure in the cavity has not reached an extreme situation and the deviation value is large, for example, the pressure difference between the cavity pressure and the pressure control value is in an extreme situation, such as exceeding ±20mmHg, the coarse adjustment mode is started; when the pressure difference exceeds ±3mmHg and is within ±8mmHg, the fine adjustment mode is started; when it is detected that the pressure difference exceeds ±8mmHg and is within ±20mmHg, the mixed adjustment mode is started.

[0043] The pressure control value can be a point value or an interval value. In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figures 2-4, the pressure control value is 10 mmHg. When the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value is within ±3 mmHg, the pressure regulation process is started.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 2 , if the intracavitary pressure exceeds the maximum warning level (i.e., the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value is at an extreme level, such as greater than 20 mmHg), the coarse adjustment mode is activated, the main control unit controls the reduction of the perfusion flow rate and the control of the suction pressure threshold so that the suction flow rate exceeds the perfusion flow rate. When the intracavitary pressure difference exceeds the minimum warning level, the coarse adjustment mode is activated, the perfusion process is adjusted to the maximum level, the pressure relief valve is opened, and the suction pressure threshold is adjusted to the threshold value in the stable state, achieving a rapid equilibrium effect and allowing the device to quickly exit the current state. This accelerates system response and reduces static error, but this adjustment method also increases overshoot and deteriorates stability. In this embodiment, the perfusion process is adjusted to the lowest or highest level to accelerate pressure recovery. At the same time, to avoid excessive pressure adjustment, the suction pressure threshold is adjusted to the suction pressure threshold in the stable state. The stable state suction pressure threshold refers to the suction pressure threshold corresponding to when the intracavitary pressure recorded by the main control unit reaches the pressure control value range.

[0045] Refer to Figure 4. When the pressure differential is detected to be greater than ±3 mmHg and within ±8 mmHg, the fine-tuning mode is activated, indicating that the pressure differential within the cavity is not large. To maintain the perfusion demand during operation and keep the perfusion flow constant, the suction pressure threshold is controlled to dynamically balance the perfusion and control the internal pressure at the "pressure control value." In this state, there is no need to adjust the perfusion or open the pressure relief valve. This is because these two adjustment methods can cause large fluctuations in the data and easily disrupt the current dynamic balance. Therefore, at this stage, it is necessary to activate the system's fine-tuning mode, maintain the perfusion gear in operation, and keep the pressure relief valve closed. Pressure regulation is performed by fine-tuning the suction pressure threshold. In addition, during the perfusion and suction process, there are many pipes within the cavity, the pressure fluctuations are large, and the frequency of pressure detection is high. The setting of the suction pressure threshold also needs to be adjusted in real time according to the changing trend of the data. In one embodiment of the present invention, when the pressure differential exceeds -3 mmHg and is within -8 mmHg, the perfusion flow rate is maintained at the same level, the pressure relief valve is closed, and perfusion continues at its current level. The uploaded data trends are monitored. If the pressure is rising, the suction pressure threshold is increased; if it is falling, the suction pressure threshold is decreased by a greater amount than the increase during the rising phase. This results in an overall downward trend in the suction pressure threshold during the data adjustment process, achieving a pressurization effect through fine-tuning. When the pressure differential exceeds 3 mmHg and is within 8 mmHg, the perfusion continues at its current level, and the uploaded data trends are monitored. If the pressure is rising, the suction pressure threshold is increased; if it is falling, the suction pressure threshold is decreased by a lesser amount than the increase during the rising phase. This results in an overall upward trend in the suction pressure threshold during the data adjustment process, achieving a decompression effect. By determining the current state of the pressure detection value and the data trends, the suction pressure threshold is adjusted to either an upward or downward trend, minimizing damage to the body cavity caused by large pressure fluctuations.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, please refer to FIG3 . When the pressure difference is detected to be greater than ±8 mmHg and within ±20 mmHg, the mixed adjustment mode is started. By combining the adjustment of the perfusion flow rate gear, the pressure relief valve and the suction pressure threshold, the fine adjustment of the perfusion flow rate, the fine adjustment of the pressure relief valve and the fine adjustment of the suction pressure threshold are combined to act together on the intracavitary pressure to achieve the effect of pressurization or decompression. Specifically, when the pressure difference is detected to be greater than 8 mmHg and within 20 mmHg, the perfusion flow rate gear is appropriately reduced, and the trend of the uploaded data change is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the "suction pressure threshold" is reduced and the amplitude of the reduction is less than the amplitude of the increase in the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage. In this way, in the process of data adjustment, the overall "suction pressure threshold" is increased. When the pressure difference is detected to be greater than -8 mmHg and less than -20 mmHg, the perfusion flow rate is maintained at the current operation, the pressure relief valve is opened in stages, and the trend of the uploaded data change is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the "suction pressure threshold" is reduced, and the reduction amplitude is greater than the amplitude of the increase in the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage. In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend of reducing the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve a pressurization effect. In this embodiment, the adjustment amplitude of the suction pressure threshold increases with the increase of the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value. In this way, the combination of coarse adjustment and fine adjustment is achieved through the amplitude of the suction pressure threshold, so that the intracavitary pressure quickly reaches the pressure control value, avoiding tissue damage caused by excessive pressure fluctuations in the body.

[0047] For example, the relationship between the negative pressure suction flow rate (unit: ml / min) and the corresponding suction pressure threshold is statistically analyzed and divided into 12 categories. They are -5mmhg, -10mmhg, -15mmhg, -20mmhg, -25mmhg, -30mmhg, -35mmhg, -40mmhg, -45mmhg, -50mmhg, -60mmhg, and -70mmhg. This value is generally used as the system's default initial value when the system is turned on. Later, as dynamic equilibrium progresses, the balance point value will be updated to achieve a dynamic equilibrium effect.

[0048] The pressure difference Pa (unit: mmhg) between the cavity pressure and the pressure control value is counted and then classified. The cavity pressure has the following 13 states: 1: >20, 2: 15 <Pa<=20,3:10<Pa<=15,4:8<Pa<=10,5:5<Pa<=8, 6:3<Pa<=5,7:-3<Pa<=3,8:-5<Pa<=-3 ,9:-8<Pa<=-5,10:-10<Pa<=-8,11:-15<Pa<=-10, 12:-20<Pa<=-15 13:-20<Pa。

[0049] According to the above statistical classification, compare the newly collected intracavity pressure data with the historical data, and according to the change trend of the historical data, quickly achieve the dynamic balance of perfusion and aspiration by adjusting the perfusion, aspiration, and pressure relief valves.

[0050] According to the pressure difference Pa (unit: mmHg) between the intracavity pressure and the pressure control value, the following processing methods are provided in this embodiment:

[0051] 1. (Pa > 20): The perfusion runs at the current gear - 4, increases the aspiration pressure, strengthens the aspiration flow according to the negative pressure aspiration flow corresponding to the statistically obtained aspiration pressure threshold, so that the aspiration flow > perfusion flow; and observe the change trend of the uploaded data. If it continues to rise, adjust the perfusion to the lowest gear, and adjust the aspiration pressure threshold to the threshold at the balanced state until the current intracavity pressure returns to the "pressure control value", and then restore the perfusion flow. If it continues to decline, adjust the perfusion flow according to the change requirements, and increase the aspiration pressure threshold to achieve the pressure reduction effect;

[0052] 2. (15 < Pa <= 20): The perfusion runs at the current gear - 3, observe the change trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "aspiration pressure threshold + 5", and if it is in the declining trend, decrease the "aspiration pressure threshold - 2". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to increase the "aspiration pressure threshold"; achieve the pressure reduction effect;

[0053] 3. (10 < Pa <= 15): The perfusion runs at the current gear - 2, observe the change trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "aspiration pressure threshold + 5", and if it is in the declining trend, decrease the "aspiration pressure threshold - 3". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to increase the "aspiration pressure threshold". Achieve the pressure reduction effect;

[0054] 4. (8 < Pa <= 10): The perfusion runs at the current gear - 1, observe the change trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "aspiration pressure threshold + 4", and if it is in the declining trend, decrease the "aspiration pressure threshold - 1". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to increase the "aspiration pressure threshold". Achieve the pressure reduction effect;

[0055] 5. (5 < Pa <= 8): The perfusion maintains the current operation, observe the change trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "aspiration pressure threshold + 3", and if it is in the declining trend, decrease the "aspiration pressure threshold - 1". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to increase the "aspiration pressure threshold". Achieve the pressure reduction effect;

[0056] 6. (3 < Pa <= 5): Observe the trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold + 2". If it is in the declining trend, decrease the "suction pressure threshold - 1". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to increase the "suction pressure threshold", achieving a decompression effect;

[0057] 7. (-3 < Pa <= 3): Maintain the current state, start timing, record the data. When a certain time is reached, record the current suction pressure threshold (i.e., the suction pressure threshold corresponding to the stable state), and update it in real time. When the state is damaged, start timing again. The saved value can be used during the dynamic adjustment process to quickly restore the equilibrium state;

[0058] 8. (-5 < Pa <= -3): The perfusion maintains the current operation. Observe the trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold + 1". If it is in the declining trend, decrease the "suction pressure threshold - 2". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to decrease the "suction pressure threshold", achieving a pressure boosting effect;

[0059] 9. (-8 < Pa <= -5): The perfusion maintains the current operation. Observe the trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold + 1". If it is in the declining trend, decrease the "suction pressure threshold - 3". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to decrease the "suction pressure threshold", achieving a pressure boosting effect;

[0060] 10. (-10 < Pa <= -8): The perfusion maintains the current operation. Periodically open the pressure relief valve. Observe the trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold + 1". If it is in the declining trend, decrease the "suction pressure threshold - 4". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to decrease the "suction pressure threshold", achieving a pressure boosting effect;

[0061] 1 | 1. (-15 < Pa <= -10): The perfusion maintains the current operation. Periodically open the pressure relief valve. Observe the trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold + 3". If it is in the declining trend, decrease the "suction pressure threshold - 5". There is an overall tendency to decrease the "suction pressure threshold", achieving a pressure boosting effect;

[0062] 12. (-20 < Pa <= -15): The perfusion runs at the current gear + 3, open the pressure relief valve, and adjust the "suction pressure threshold" to the threshold value in the stable state. Observe the trend of the uploaded data. If it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold + 2". If it is in the declining trend, decrease the "suction pressure threshold - 5". In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall tendency to decrease the "suction pressure threshold", achieving a pressure boosting effect;

[0063] 13. (Pa < -20) Run the device at the current gear +4, open the pressure relief valve, and adjust the suction pressure threshold to the threshold value under stable conditions to achieve a rapid balance effect and allow the device to exit the current state as soon as possible.

[0064] As described above, by analyzing historical data, data analysis is performed on the intracavitary pressure value, pressure control value and pressure threshold, so as to dynamically adjust the perfusion flow and suction flow to achieve a balance of intracavitary pressure. Example 2

[0065] Please refer to Figure 5. Based on Example 1, the perfusion device of this embodiment includes a perfusion pump, a normal temperature liquid storage bag 31, a low temperature liquid storage bag 33, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe 7, a temperature sensor 11 and.

[0066] The sheath 1 defines an instrument entry channel to facilitate the insertion of the endoscope 2 therein. The sheath 1 provided in this embodiment is a three-channel sheath, comprising a central channel, a pressure measurement channel, and a suction channel. The central channel is used for inserting the endoscope 2, and the suction channel is used for connecting to a suction device. The endoscope 2 is inserted into the sheath 1. The camera at the head end of the endoscope 2 is used to capture images within the cavity. The images are processed by the image processor 22 and then output to a display for the doctor to observe the internal environment of the cavity. A liquid delivery channel is formed in the endoscope 2, which is used for the inflow of perfusion fluid. Specifically, the endoscope 2 is connected to the image processor 22 via an endoscope harness 21.

[0067] The perfusion pump is used to pump the perfusion solution; the normal temperature liquid storage bag 31 is used to store normal temperature perfusion solution; the low temperature liquid storage bag 32 is used to store low temperature perfusion solution. The normal temperature liquid storage bag 31 and the low temperature liquid storage bag 33 are connected to the perfusion pump via a liquid inlet tube; the perfusion pump is connected to the liquid delivery channel of the endoscope via a liquid outlet tube 7. The low temperature liquid storage bag can be a low temperature physiological saline solution directly installed in the liquid storage bag, or the normal temperature liquid storage bag can be placed in a refrigerator. The temperature of the refrigerator can be adjusted, for example, by controlling the temperature of the refrigerator through a main control computer, so that a low temperature liquid storage bag can be obtained.

[0068] A temperature sensor 11 is mounted on the endoscope or sheath to detect the temperature within the body cavity. The main control unit controls the mixing ratio of the room-temperature perfusate and the low-temperature perfusate based on the temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensor, thereby controlling the supply temperature of the perfusate. Thus, when the temperature caused by laser lithotripsy becomes too high, the main control unit controls the mixing ratio of the room-temperature perfusate and the low-temperature perfusate. The perfusate is then delivered to the cavity, such as the lesion within the renal pelvis, at a predetermined temperature via a perfusion pump to remove excess heat generated during the lithotripsy. Furthermore, the perfusate can flush away intraoperative bleeding and stone powder, maintain a clear field of view through the endoscope 2, and open the cavity to maintain the necessary space for surgery.

[0069] Because the laser lithotripsy process generates excessive heat, the instantaneous heat from the laser can cause the fluid in the cavity to boil. To prevent tissue damage caused by this excessive temperature, doctors need to adjust the perfusion pump speed to increase the perfusion flow rate, allowing a large flow of room-temperature perfusion fluid to remove the heat. However, excessive perfusion volume can cause excessive pressure in the cavity, so existing technologies rely on suction devices to accelerate the circulation of the perfusion fluid. However, even with this high-circulation perfusion method, the instantaneous pressure in the body remains high, and the increased flow rate is limited by the size of the inlet and outlet pipes. In practice, even increasing the flow rate of room-temperature perfusion fluid at 25°C cannot quickly reduce the boiling intracavitary fluid in the perfusion and suction system to the ideal temperature (30-40°C). The temperature control method provided in this embodiment can adjust the temperature of the perfusion fluid in real time according to the temperature difference between the collected temperature and the ideal temperature. First, while achieving the purpose of temperature control, it also has the cleaning advantages of normal temperature perfusion fluid, avoiding the situation where only low temperature perfusion fluid is used while ignoring the perfusion advantages of normal temperature perfusion fluid; second, when the temperature in the cavity is too high, low temperature perfusion fluid can be directly pumped into the cavity and the heat generated by the laser can be quickly removed by the flow rate of the perfusion fluid. In this way, the perfusion fluid is cooled before being delivered to the liquid delivery channel so that the cooled liquid is delivered to the cavity to remove the heat. For example, delivering liquid below 5°C into the liquid delivery channel can remove more heat than normal temperature perfusion fluid. The speed is significantly accelerated, and the ideal temperature can be reached in a short time, which solves the technical problem of short surgical course and slow cooling speed; thirdly, as the low-temperature perfusion fluid is pumped in, the temperature in the cavity also begins to drop. At this time, the mixing ratio of the low-temperature perfusion fluid and the high-temperature perfusion fluid is controlled according to the difference between the collected temperature and the ideal temperature, so that the temperature control process can stably reach the ideal temperature and avoid supercooled liquid from entering the body to cause frostbite; this control method first accurately controls the temperature of the perfusion fluid in the liquid inlet tube, and at the same time takes into account the difference between the real-time temperature and the ideal temperature in the cavity, adjusts the temperature of the perfusion fluid in real time, and dynamically controls the temperature of the lesion site in real time and accurately.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 5. The perfusion and suction system includes a normal temperature liquid storage bag 31, a low temperature liquid storage bag 33, a normal temperature liquid inlet pipe 61, a low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62, a mixing pipe 63, and a proportional control valve 10. The normal temperature liquid storage bag 31 stores normal temperature perfusion liquid; the low temperature liquid storage bag 33 is used to store low temperature perfusion liquid; the normal temperature liquid storage bag 31 is connected to the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe 61; the low temperature liquid storage bag 33 is connected to the low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62, one end of the mixing pipe 63 is connected to the outlets of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe 61 and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62, and the other end is connected to the perfusion pump. The proportional control valve 10 is used to control the liquid flow rate of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe 61 and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62; in this way, the perfusion and suction system can achieve precise control of the temperature of the perfusion liquid and the temperature in the cavity. In the first embodiment, the doctor can connect the normal temperature liquid storage bag 31 with the mixing line 63 through the proportional control valve 10. In this way, the normal temperature perfusion fluid can be directly delivered to the cavity to clean away intraoperative bleeding, stone powder, etc. In the second embodiment, the doctor can connect the low temperature liquid storage bag 33 with the mixing line 63 through the proportional control valve 10. In this way, when the temperature of the lesion site is too high due to laser lithotripsy, for example, the liquid in the cavity directly boils, the low temperature perfusion fluid is directly delivered to the cavity through the proportional control valve to quickly remove the heat generated by the laser. In the third embodiment, as the perfusion fluid is poured in, the temperature difference between the temperature in the cavity and the ideal temperature gradually decreases. To avoid the liquid in the cavity from overcooling, the doctor can adjust the proportional control valve 10 according to the temperature difference between the temperature in the cavity and the ideal temperature to obtain a mixed perfusion fluid with a specific temperature to the liquid delivery channel, avoiding technical problems caused by overcooling or overheating of the perfusion fluid and achieving precise temperature control.

[0071] Optionally, the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe 61 and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62 are each provided with a proportional control valve 10. In this embodiment, the proportional control valve 10 is a three-way valve that connects the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe 61, the low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62, and the mixing pipe 63; all of the above can achieve the above-mentioned temperature control process.

[0072] Specifically, the three-way valve is a PID control valve.

[0073] This embodiment provides a temperature control method for a perfusion and aspiration system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0074] Step 1) Preset a first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin, that is, establish a standard ideal temperature range; the room temperature storage liquid has a first predetermined temperature t1, and the low temperature storage liquid has a second predetermined temperature t2; specifically, Tmax is 40°C, Tmin is 30°C, the first predetermined temperature t1 is 25°C, and the second predetermined temperature t2 is 0-5°C

[0075] Step 2) After each temperature acquisition, the main control unit compares the acquired temperature T with a first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin. If the acquired temperature T is higher than the first predetermined temperature Tmax, the control valve connects the low-temperature liquid storage bag 33 with the mixing line 63 or controls the mixing ratio between the normal-temperature liquid inlet pipe 61 and the low-temperature liquid inlet pipe 62 based on the temperature difference between the acquired temperature and the desired temperature, thereby controlling the output liquid temperature of the mixing line 63. If the acquired temperature T is higher than the second predetermined temperature Tmin, the normal-temperature liquid storage bag 31 is connected to the mixing line 63.

[0076] Step 3) If the collected temperature T is determined to be between 30°C and 40°C after reaching the ideal temperature, the temperature control process is stopped. If it does not reach the standard, the opening of the proportional control valve 10 is further adjusted in real time according to the temperature difference between the collected temperature T and the ideal temperature until it is adjusted to the ideal temperature to achieve a dynamic temperature balance.

[0077] In the prior art, the heat in the cavity is quickly removed by increasing the number of cycles of perfusion and suction flow, while avoiding damage caused by excessive perfusion pressure. The low-temperature perfusion fluid provided in this embodiment can achieve perfusion of the perfusion fluid at a small flow rate without causing the problem of excessive pressure.

[0078] It can be understood that the perfusion and suction system provided in this embodiment significantly reduces the number of cycles and liquid flow rate compared to the existing perfusion and suction system because the temperature of the perfusion fluid is controllable, avoiding tissue damage caused by high flow and high pressure, and the surgical process is gentler and more delicate, and the temperature is controllable.

[0079] The temperature sensor 11 is mounted on the endoscope 2 or the sheath 1. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 11 is mounted on the endoscope's tip to collect the temperature inside the cavity in real time. The temperature measurement signal can be directly fed back to the main control unit; it can also be transmitted to the electronic endoscope 2 main unit, which then feeds back the signal to the perfusion and suction main unit. The temperature of the human body lesion can be detected in real time.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5 , the proportional control valve 10 is disposed in the perfusion and suction main unit to shorten the travel distance of the low-temperature perfusion liquid.

[0081] In other specific embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG6 , the perfusion and aspiration system includes a low-temperature perfusion pump and a high-temperature perfusion pump. The low-temperature perfusion pump is connected to a low-temperature liquid inlet pipe 62, and the normal-temperature perfusion pump is connected to the normal-temperature liquid inlet pipe. The liquid outlets of the normal-temperature perfusion pump and the low-temperature perfusion pump merge and are then connected to the liquid outlet pipe. In this way, the speed ratio of the normal-temperature perfusion pump and the low-temperature perfusion pump can be adjusted in real time based on the temperature difference between the collected temperature and the ideal temperature, thus achieving multiple perfusion modes. Specifically, the low-temperature perfusion pump and the high-temperature perfusion pump are both peristaltic pumps, and the temperature and flow rate of the mixed perfusion solution are controlled by adjusting the speed ratio of the two peristaltic pumps through the perfusion and aspiration host.

[0082] This embodiment further provides a temperature control method for a perfusion and suction system, the method comprising the following steps:

[0083] Step 1) Preset a first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin, wherein the room temperature storage liquid has the first predetermined temperature t1 and the low temperature storage liquid has the second predetermined temperature t2;

[0084] Step 2) After each temperature acquisition, the acquired temperature T is compared with a first predetermined temperature Tmax and a second predetermined temperature Tmin. When the acquired temperature T is higher than the first predetermined temperature Tmax or lower than the second predetermined temperature Tmin, the main control unit controls the speed ratio of the room temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump to adjust the flow rate of the room temperature liquid inlet pipe 61 and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe 62;

[0085] 3) If it is determined that T has reached the ideal temperature, the temperature control process is stopped. If it has not reached the standard, the speed ratio of the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump is further adjusted in real time according to the temperature difference until the ideal temperature is reached.

[0086] In this embodiment, the infusion pump and the diaphragm pump of the suction device are integrated with the main control unit. The infusion and suction main unit is used to control the flow rate and pressure of the infusion and suction, as well as the temperature of the perfusate. This makes the equipment more streamlined and easier to operate. To cool the liquid in the pipeline, the inlet and outlet pipes can be wrapped with insulation material.

[0087] Optionally, the main control machine is connected to the pedal member 100 via a pedal cable 101. When the doctor has difficulty operating the main control machine with his hands during surgery, he can control the perfusion and suction system via the pedal member.

[0088] In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, the system provided by the present invention timely adjusts the perfusion pressure, flow rate and temperature by dual monitoring of the pressure and temperature in the cavity, thereby effectively improving the safety of the operation and reducing the risks caused by excessively high or low temperature and pressure during the operation.

[0089] The perfusion suction system provided by the present invention achieves precise control of the temperature in the cavity by controlling the temperature of the perfusion fluid at the source. Compared with relying solely on perfusion flow regulation, this embodiment first reduces the excessive requirements for perfusion flow and the temperature control is more precise and real-time, thereby reducing the operator's experience requirements and reducing postoperative complications.

[0090] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0091] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," "optional embodiments," "examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] A method for constant pressure control of a perfusion suction system, characterized in that: The perfusion and suction system comprises a sheath, an endoscope, a perfusion device, a suction device, a main control machine, and a pressure sensor; the sheath is provided with a suction channel, the endoscope is inserted in the sheath, and a liquid delivery channel is formed in the endoscope; the pressure sensor is arranged in the endoscope, the sheath or the perfusion pump, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure in the body cavity, the perfusion device is connected with the liquid delivery channel to inject the perfusion liquid into the body cavity; the suction device comprises a suction pump and a suction container connected with the suction pump, the suction container is provided with a pressure relief valve, the suction container is connected with the suction channel to extract the liquid in the body cavity, the perfusion device cooperates with the suction device to keep the cavity at a suitable pressure; the main control machine is in communication connection with the pressure sensor, the perfusion device and the suction device; The constant voltage control method comprises the following steps: Step 1) Preset the maximum warning pressure value, the minimum warning pressure value, the pressure control value, and the perfusion flow rate gear; Step 2) The main control machine controls the perfusion device to deliver the perfusion liquid into the body cavity, and can control the suction device to extract the liquid in the body cavity: Step 3) The pressure detection device collects the pressure in the cavity and transmits it to the main control machine. The main control machine adjusts the perfusion and suction parameters according to the real-time monitored pressure value and the data change trend of the pressure value, so that the current cavity pressure is balanced at the pressure control value, and the balanced state of perfusion and suction is achieved. The perfusion parameters include the perfusion flow rate gear, and the suction parameters include the opening of the pressure relief valve and the suction pressure threshold. The suction pressure threshold is the suction pressure threshold of the suction container preset by the main control machine. The suction pump is started and stopped by setting the suction pressure threshold; The constant pressure control of the main control machine includes a coarse adjustment mode, a fine adjustment mode and a mixed adjustment mode. The coarse adjustment mode is for the case where the pressure in the cavity exceeds the maximum warning pressure value and the minimum warning pressure value. The fine adjustment mode is for the case where the pressure difference between the pressure in the cavity and the pressure control value is at the first level. The mixed adjustment mode is for the case where the pressure difference between the pressure in the cavity and the pressure control value is at the second level. The second level of pressure difference is greater than the first level of pressure difference. The coarse adjustment mode includes the following steps: adjusting the infusion flow rate gear and opening the pressure relief valve in response to the situation where the pressure exceeds the high warning pressure value and the minimum warning pressure value; The fine adjustment mode includes the following steps: maintaining the filling gear to maintain operation, and keeping the pressure relief valve closed, and adjusting the pressure by fine adjustment of the suction pressure threshold; The mixed regulation mode comprises the following steps: by combining the regulation of the perfusion flow gear, the pressure relief valve and the suction pressure threshold, the fine adjustment of the perfusion flow, the fine adjustment of the pressure relief valve and the fine adjustment of the suction pressure threshold are combined to jointly act on the intracavitary pressure to achieve the effect of increasing or reducing pressure.

2. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] The constant voltage control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure difference between the cavity pressure and the pressure control value exceeds ±20mmHg, the coarse adjustment mode is started; when the pressure difference exceeds ±3mmHg and is within ±8mmHg, the fine adjustment mode is started; when the pressure difference is detected to exceed ±8mmHg and is within ±20mmHg, the mixed adjustment mode is started.

3. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] The constant voltage control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse adjustment mode includes the following steps: when the pressure value in the body cavity exceeds the highest warning line, the main control machine controls the reduction of the perfusion flow rate gear and controls the suction pressure threshold so that the suction flow rate>perfusion flow rate; when the pressure difference in the cavity pressure exceeds the lowest warning line, the perfusion process gear is increased, the pressure relief valve is opened, and the suction pressure threshold is adjusted to the valve value under the stable state, so as to achieve a rapid balancing effect and make the pressure in the cavity get out of the extreme state as soon as possible.

4. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] The constant voltage control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the pressure difference exceeds -3mmHg and is within -8mmHg, keep the perfusion flow rate gear unchanged, keep the pressure relief valve closed, maintain the current perfusion operation, observe the change trend of the uploaded data, if it is in the rising stage, increase the suction pressure threshold, if it is in a downward trend, reduce the suction pressure threshold and the reduction amplitude is greater than the amplitude of increasing the suction pressure threshold in the rising stage. In this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend to reduce the suction pressure threshold, and achieve the pressurization effect by fine-tuning; when the pressure difference exceeds 3mmHg and is within 8mmHg, maintain the current gear operation of perfusion, observe the change trend of the uploaded data, if it is in the rising stage, increase the "suction pressure threshold", if it is in a downward trend, reduce the suction pressure threshold and the reduction amplitude is less than the amplitude of increasing the suction pressure threshold in the rising stage. During the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend to increase the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve the decompression effect.

5. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] The constant voltage control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When it is detected that the pressure difference exceeds 8mmHg and is within 20mmHg, the perfusion flow is appropriately reduced, and the changing trend of the uploaded data is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the suction pressure threshold is reduced and the reduction is less than the increase in the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage; in this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend of increasing the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve a decompression effect; when it is detected that the pressure difference is lower than -8mmHg and within -20mmHg, the perfusion flow maintains the current operation, the pressure relief valve is opened in stages, and the changing trend of the uploaded data is observed. If it is in an upward stage, the suction pressure threshold is increased. If it is in a downward trend, the "suction pressure threshold" is reduced and the reduction is greater than the increase in the suction pressure threshold in the upward stage; in this way, during the data adjustment process, there is an overall trend of reducing the "suction pressure threshold" to achieve a pressurization effect.

6. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] The constant voltage control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment range of the suction pressure threshold increases with the increase of the pressure difference between the intracavitary pressure and the pressure control value.

7. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] A constant pressure temperature control method for a perfusion suction system, characterized in that: The method includes the constant pressure control method and the temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; The perfusion device also includes: A perfusion pump, the perfusion pump is used to pump the perfusion solution; A normal temperature liquid storage bag, wherein the normal temperature liquid storage bag is used to store normal temperature perfusion liquid; A low-temperature liquid storage bag, wherein the low-temperature liquid storage bag is used to store low-temperature perfusion liquid; A normal temperature liquid inlet pipe, the normal temperature liquid storage bag is connected to the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe; A low-temperature liquid inlet pipe, the low-temperature liquid storage bag is connected to the low-temperature liquid inlet pipe; a temperature sensor, which is disposed on the endoscope or the sheath to detect the temperature in the body cavity; A mixing pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outlets of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of which is connected to the perfusion pump; A proportional control valve, the proportional control valve is used to control the liquid flow of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe; The main control machine controls the mixing ratio of the normal temperature perfusion liquid and the low temperature perfusion liquid according to the temperature signal obtained by the temperature sensor, thereby controlling the supply temperature of the perfusion liquid; The temperature control method comprises the following steps: Step 1) Preset the first predetermined temperature T max and the second predetermined temperature T min , the room temperature storage liquid has a first preset temperature t1, and the low temperature storage liquid has a second preset temperature t2; Step 2) After each temperature acquisition, compare the acquired temperature T with the first predetermined temperature T max and the second predetermined temperature T min By comparison, the collected temperature T is higher than the first predetermined temperature T max or below the second predetermined temperature T min Finally, the control valve connects the normal temperature liquid storage bag with the mixing pipeline, connects the low temperature liquid storage bag with the mixing pipeline, or controls the mixing ratio of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe according to the temperature difference between the collected temperature and the temperature to be reached, thereby controlling the output liquid temperature of the mixing pipeline; If it is determined that T reaches the ideal temperature, the temperature control process is stopped. If it does not reach the standard, the opening of the proportional control valve is further adjusted in real time according to the temperature difference until it is adjusted to the ideal temperature.

8. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] A constant pressure temperature control method for a perfusion suction system, characterized in that: The method comprises the constant pressure control method and the temperature control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the perfusion device comprises: A cryogenic perfusion pump, wherein the cryogenic perfusion pump is connected to the cryogenic liquid inlet pipe; A normal temperature perfusion pump, wherein the normal temperature perfusion pump is connected to the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid outlets of the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump are connected to the liquid outlet pipe after merging; The method comprises the following steps: Step 1) Preset a first preset temperature Tmax and a second preset temperature Tmin, wherein the room temperature storage liquid has a first preset temperature t1, and the low temperature storage liquid has a second preset temperature t2; Step 2) After each temperature acquisition, the acquisition temperature T is compared with the first predetermined temperature Tmax and the second predetermined temperature Tmin. When the acquisition temperature T is higher than the first predetermined temperature Tmax or lower than the second predetermined temperature Tmin, the main control machine controls the speed ratio of the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump to adjust the flow rate of the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe and the low temperature liquid inlet pipe respectively; Step 3) If it is determined that T reaches the ideal temperature, the temperature control process is stopped. If it does not reach the standard, the speed ratio of the normal temperature perfusion pump and the low temperature perfusion pump is further adjusted in real time according to the temperature difference until the ideal temperature is adjusted.

9. [Corrected 11.12.2023 in accordance with Rule 91] An irrigation aspirator, characterized in that The perfusion aspirator comprises a suction device and a perfusion device, wherein the perfusion device comprises a perfusion pump, and the perfusion pump is used to pump the perfusion liquid; A normal temperature liquid storage bag, wherein the normal temperature liquid storage bag is used to store normal temperature perfusion liquid; A low-temperature liquid storage bag, wherein the low-temperature liquid storage bag is used to store low-temperature perfusion liquid; A normal temperature liquid inlet pipe, the normal temperature liquid storage bag is connected to the normal temperature liquid inlet pipe; A low-temperature liquid inlet pipe, the low-temperature liquid storage bag is connected to the low-temperature liquid inlet pipe; The suction container comprises a suction pump, a first negative pressure suction tube, a suction container and a second negative pressure suction tube, wherein one end of the first negative pressure suction tube is connected to the suction pump and the other end is connected to the suction container, and one end of the second negative pressure suction tube is connected to the suction container and the other end is connected to the sheath tube; A main control machine is communicatively connected with the infusion device and the suction device.

10. [Corrected 11.12.2023 according to Rule 91] The irrigation aspirator according to claim 9, characterized in that The infusion pump, diaphragm pump and main control machine are installed in an integrated manner.

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