Fuse blow detection and transmission system

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuse blow detection and transmission system which detects that the striker pin (21) in the fuses (20) and / or fuses with fuse cut - out mechanism (23) used to protect the energy line in case of failure in Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV / HV) electrical energy generation, transmission and distribution systems (10) comprising open switchgear (11) or closed switchgear (12) and transmits this state to a central server computer (60).

Description

[0001] FUSE BLOW DETECTION AND TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a fuse blow detection and transmission system, which detects the fuse blow state in open and closed switchgear systems used in the Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV / HV) electrical energy distribution sector and wirelessly transmits this state to a central server.

[0004] STATE OF THE ART

[0005] In IEC 60282-1 and IEC 60282-2 standards, Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV I HV) fuses are used to protect the fire that may occur in faults or short circuits and to control the electric current in all kinds of production, transmission and distribution systems located I not located in energy distribution poles or panels. Said fuses blow when necessary due to various faults or short circuits. The blowing of the fuse protects the system and reduces the risk of possible fire.

[0006] In the present art, the fuses subject to the invention, which are used for protection purposes in energy generation, transmission and distribution systems, are divided into two as “fuse with striker” and “fuse with fuse cut - out mechanism”. Both types of fuses protect the system by blowing in cases of short circuit or overload. When the striker of fuse blows, the striker in the fuse moves out of the fuse. Here, the striker is released out of the fuse, which is released by the spring out of the fuse when the spring connected to the striker breaks during the blow. Thus, it is visually seen that the fuse has blown. In fuses with fuse cut - out mechanism, the switch mechanism called cut - out operates when the fuse blows, the position of the fuse striker I fuse changes and the current is cut off. In open and closed switchgear systems in energy generation, transmission and distribution systems, the fuse blowing state or the determination of which fuse has blown is determined by an authorised person reaching close to the fuse and inspecting at the fuse. Manual inspections like these result in both time and labor losses. In addition, in areas where the electricity distribution poles are far apart and there are too many of them, human inspection does not allow simultaneous inspection of each fuse connection point and therefore causes delays of the replacement of blown fuses with new ones. Failure to replace the blown fuse with a new one causes the following effects: - Loss of revenue and emergence of complaints due to the inability of the electricity distribution company to quickly redistribute energy distribution,

[0007] - Companies that distribute energy I receive energy cannot access energy quickly again and therefore production is disrupted I loss of income occurs,

[0008] - Increase in transport costs due to the distance travelled during transport to the poles I open switchyards for control,

[0009] - Late detection of the actual fault causing the fuse to blow and late arrival at the fault point.

[0010] As a result of a research performed in the known state of the art, an application TR2017 / 17186 and titled INNOVATION IN THE STRIKER PIN IN THE MEDIUM VOLTAGE FUSE was found. The aforementioned application relates to the striking pin that comes out of the mounting head with a force of 50, 80, 110 N in the case of a blow I failure of medium voltage fuses specially selected according to the current passing through them at line heads and transformer poles for the protection of lines and equipments in medium voltage grids. The aforementioned striking pin contains a coating layer made of liquid or powder paint in reflective structure on its outer part in order to ensure the detection of medium voltage fuse failure by being seen from the ground without climbing the transformer pole and line head pole in the dark. Although the reflective structure of the pin layer makes it somewhat easier to detect the fuse blowing without approaching the fuse, visual detection may not always give a precise result due to weather conditions, etc., contamination or height of the poles. In other words, despite the reflector paint for a precise detection, it is necessary to get very close to the fuse for a good and clear view, and sometimes it's necessary to cut off the power and climb the pole for inspection. In other words, the relevant invention application is an attempt to improve striker pin visibility with paint, which has already been used in global markets for decades in striker pin fuses, and does not meet the actual need. In sum, in areas where electricity distribution poles are far apart and there are too many of them, the fact that the control is carried out by humans causes that each fuse connection point cannot be checked simultaneously and therefore the replacement of blown fuses with new ones is delayed.

[0011] As a result, improvements are being made in fuse blow detection and transmission systems, therefore, new structures are needed to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above and to bring solutions to the existing systems.

[0012] AIM OF INVENTION The present invention relates to a fuse blow detection and transmission system which fulfils the above - mentioned requirements, eliminates all the disadvantages associated with the detection delay and provides some additional advantages.

[0013] The main aim of the invention is to provide a fuse blow detection and transmission system that detects fuse blowing in open and closed switchgear systems used in the Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV I HV) electrical energy distribution sector and wirelessly transmits this state to a central server.

[0014] One aim of the invention is to provide by means of an electronic circuit comprising a sensing element which detects a change in the blowing position of the fuse striker pin in the case of a fuse blowing, to automatically detect the fuse blowing and to transmit it wirelessly to a central server.

[0015] Another aim of the invention is to enable the wireless communication module to transmit the signal received from the microprocessor to another wireless communication module in the gateway device, and to enable the central server computer to provide the fuse tripping data related to the signal received from the gateway device to which it is connected via the screen and / or with an audible warning.

[0016] In order to realise all the advantages mentioned above and to be understood from the detailed description below, the present invention is a fuse blow detection and transmission system which detects that the striker pin in the fuses and I or fuses with fuse cut - out mechanism used to protect the energy line in case of failure in Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV I HV) electrical energy generation, transmission and distribution systems consisting of open switchgear systems or closed switchgear systems and transmits this situation to a central server computer, characterized by comprising;

[0017] • An electronic circuit comprising o At least one sensing element that detects when the striker pin is out of the fuse, o A microprocessor that receives and analyses the signal containing the striker pin out information detected by the sensing element and obtains the information that the fuse has blown as a result of the analysis 1 , o A wireless communication module 1 that transmits the fuse blowing information obtained as a result of the analysis of the microprocessor 1 , o A battery

[0018] • A gateway device comprising o A wireless communication module 2 which receives and transmits the signal containing the fuse blowing information transmitted via a wireless communication protocol from wireless communication module 1 , o A microprocessor 2 which receives the information from the wireless communication module 2 and transmits it to the central server computer to which it is connected, o A power supply

[0019] • a communication unit located in the central server computer, which transmits the fault information visually or audibly to the authorised persons.

[0020] The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood by means of the figures given below and the detailed description written with reference to these figures. Therefore, the evaluation should be made by taking these figures and the detailed description into consideration.

[0021] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0022] In order to best understand the structure of the present invention and its advantages with additional elements, it should be evaluated together with the figures described below.

[0023] Figure 1 Representative view of a typical power transmission I distribution application in which the inventive fuse blow detection and transmission system is used.

[0024] Figure 2 Representative detail views of the striker pin fuse and electronic circuit in the inventive fuse blow detection and transmission system. Figure 3 Representative detail view of the gateway device in the inventive fuse blow detection and transmission system.

[0025] Figure 4 Representative view of data transfer from the electronic circuit to the gateway device via wireless communication protocol in the inventive fuse blow detection and transmission system.

[0026] REFERENCE NUMBERS

[0027] 10. Energy Generation, Transmission, Distribution System

[0028] 11. Open switchgear

[0029] 12. Closed switchgear

[0030] 20. Fuse

[0031] 21. Striker

[0032] 22. Fuse base

[0033] 23. Fuse with fuse cut - out mechanism

[0034] 30. Electronic circuit

[0035] 31. Sensing element

[0036] 32. Microprocessor 1

[0037] 33. Wireless communication module 1

[0038] 34. Battery

[0039] 35. Enclosure 1

[0040] 36. Fixing element

[0041] 40. Wireless communication protocol

[0042] 50. Gateway device

[0043] 51. Wireless communication module 2 52. Microprocessor 2

[0044] 53. Enclosure 2

[0045] 54. Power Supply

[0046] 60. Central server computer

[0047] 61. Communication unit

[0048] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0049] In this detailed description, the inventive fuse blow detection and transmission system preferred configurations are described only for a better understanding of the subject matter and without any limiting effect.

[0050] The invention, a representative view of which is given in Figure 1 , is a fuse blow detection and transmission system that detects the blowing of the striker pin (21) in the fuse (20) and I or fuse with fuse cut - out mechanism (23) used to protect the energy line in case of a fault occurring in Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV I HV) electrical energy generation, transmission and distribution systems (10) comprising an open switchgear (11) system or closed switchgear (12) system and transmits this situation to a central server computer (60).

[0051] The fuse blow detection and transmission system subject to the invention can be used wherever the fuse (20) can be used, such as open switchgear systems (11), closed switchgear systems (12). The open switchgear systems (11) mentioned herein are systems located on the pole or not inside any structure. Closed switchgear systems (12) are systems in which electrical equipments are placed in a structure such as a switchgear cubicle or switchboard.

[0052] The working principle of the inventive system is described in detail below.

[0053] In the absence of a fault in power generation, transmission and distribution systems (10) comprising open switchgear (11) or closed switchgear (12), the striker pin (21) is inside the fuse (20) body mounted on the fuse base (22). Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the striker pin fuse (20). In case of short circuit in the fuses (20) or in case of excessive energy loading of the system, the fuse (20) blows and the striker pin (21) comes out of the fuse (20) body. When the striker pin (21) comes out, this state of the striker pin (21) is detected by the sensing element (31) in the electronic circuit (30) in Enclosure 1 (35). Here Enclosure 1 (35) can be in different IP levels. In fuses with fuse cut - out mechanism (23), when the released striker pin (21) activates the cut - out mechanism (23), one end of the fuse is released, the fuse changes position in such a way that it reverses and this position change is detected by the sensing element (31) in the electronic circuit (30). The electronic circuit (30) is energised by means of a battery (34).

[0054] The sensing element (31) transmits a signal to the microprocessor 1 (32) after the said sensing process. The microprocessor 1 (32) analyses the signal received from the sensing element (31) and transmits the signal comprising the information that the striker pin (21) has come out, and thus the information that the fuse in the power line has blown, that is, that there is a fault, to the wireless communication module 2 (51) located in a gateway device (50) via the wireless communication protocol (40) via the wireless communication module 1 (33). The wireless communication module 2 (51) transmits this signal to the microprocessor 2 (52). The microprocessor 2 (52) processes the incoming data and transmits it via various industrial protocols to the central server computer (60) to which the gateway device (50) is connected. The central server computer (60), transmits the presence of a fault in the relevant fuse (20) to the authorised personnel visually via a display or audibly via a loudspeaker device via a communication unit (61). Figure 3 shows a representative detail view of the gateway device and Figure 4 shows a representative view of the data transfer from the electronic circuit (30) to the gateway device (50) via the wireless communication protocol (40). The gateway device (50) is powered by a power supply (54).

[0055] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the electronic circuit (30) may be contained in a enclosure 1 (35) and the microprocessor 2 (52) and the power supply (54) may be contained in a enclosure 2 (53).

[0056] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the authorised personnel can also display the information that there is a fault in the fuse (20) via the interface on the screen.

[0057] In another alternative embodiment of the invention, since there is more than one fuse in the open switchgear (11), a separate voice message can be defined for each fuse (20) in the software in the central server computer (60) and this information can be transmitted to the authorised personnel by voice.

[0058] In different embodiments of the invention, the sensing element (31) may be a switch, pressure sensor, optical sensor, capacitive or inductive sensor, motion, gyro or acceleration sensor. If the sensing element (31) is a switch, in the event of a fault, the striker pin (21) contacts the switch and electrically switches the switch from the open position to the closed position, thereby transmitting a signal to the microprocessor 1 (32). If the sensing element (31) is a pressure sensor, at the moment of failure, the striker pin (21) applies pressure to the pressure sensor and the sensor electrically transmits the signal comprising the pressure increase information to the microprocessor 1 (32). If the sensing element (31) is an optical sensor, when the striker pin (21) moves out at the moment of failure, the transmitting light of the optical sensor comprising a light receiver and a light transmitter positioned opposite each other is not perceived by the receiver, and in this case, the optical sensor transmits a signal to the microprocessor 1 (32) indicating that an intervening element, namely the striker pin (21), has entered. If the sensing element

[0059] (31) is a capacitive or inductive sensor, when the striker pin (21) comes out in the event of a fault, it gets closer the capacitive or inductive sensor, so that the striker pin comes out is detected and the signal containing this information is transmitted to the microprocessor 1. If the sensing element (31) is a motion, gyro or acceleration sensor, the change or movement of the position of the fuse (23) with fuse cut - out mechanism in the fuse holder after the fuse is blown is detected in case of failure and the signal containing this information is transmitted to the microprocessor 1

[0060] (32).

Claims

CLAIMS1. A Fuse fault detection and transmission system that detects that the striker pin (21) in the fuses (20) and I or fuses with fuse cut - out mechanism (23) used to protect the energy line in case of failure in Medium Voltage I High Voltage (MV I HV) electrical energy generation, transmission and distribution systems (10) comprising open switchgear (11) or closed switchgear (12) and transmits this situation to a central server computer (60), characterized by comprising;• An electronic circuit (30) comprising o At least one sensing element (31) to detect when the striker pin (21) is out of the fuse (20), o A microprocessor 1 (32) that receives and analyses the signal comprising the pin out information detected by the sensing element (31) and obtains the information that the fuse has blown as a result of the analysis, o A wireless communication module 1 (33) which transmits the fuse blowing information obtained as a result of the analysis of the microprocessor 1 (32), o A battery (34)• A gateway device (50) comprising o A wireless communication module 2 (51), which receives and transmits the signal from wireless communication module 1 (33) comprising the fuse blowing information transmitted via a wireless communication protocol (40), o A microprocessor 2 (52) which receives the information from the wireless communication module 2 (51) and transmits it to a central server computer (60) to which it is connected, o A power supply (54)• a communication unit (61) located in the central server computer (60), which visually or audibly transmits fault information to authorised persons.

2. A fuse blow detection and transmission system according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the sensing element (31) is a switch, pressure sensor, optical sensor, capacitive or inductive sensor, motion, gyro or acceleration sensor.

3. A fuse blow detection and transmission system according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising; a fixing element (36) holding the detection element (31).

Images