Composition, pest control preparation, and pest control method

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composition that is useful in the production of a pest control preparation, and that includes veratridine and cevadine. The present invention specifically provides: a composition containing one or more of veratridine, cevadine, and a C3-8 glycol monoalkyl ether-based solvent; a pest control preparation containing the composition; and a pest control method in which the pest control preparation is used.

Description

Composition, pest control formulation, and method for controlling pests

[0001] This patent application claims priority under the Paris Convention to and the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-108107 (filed June 30, 2023), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a composition containing insecticidal active ingredients contained in Sabadilla seed extract, specifically veratridine and sevadine, and a glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, a pest control composition containing the composition, and a pest control method using the composition.

[0003] The genus Schoenocaulon, commonly known as Sabadilla, has many naturally occurring insecticides derived from its tissues, the longest established of which is Schoenocaulon officinale.

[0004] Veratridine and cevadine are known to be active alkaloids contained in Sabadilla seeds, and these alkaloids are known to have insecticidal activity.

[0005] As an extract of Sabadilla seeds in which these alkaloid active ingredients have been extracted from Sabadilla seeds, a glycolic solvent (e.g., propylene glycol) extract of Sabadilla seeds by McLaughlin Gormley King Company (MGK) has been reported (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0006] International Publication No. 2017 / 070451 International Publication No. 2019 / 133423

[0007] In order to use these alkaloid components or the alkaloid components contained in Sabadilla seed extract as active ingredients in formulations, particularly aerosols, it is necessary to dissolve these alkaloid components in a solvent.

[0008] In particular, there is a demand for novel insecticides that are different from insecticides that have been used up to now and that use pyrethroid-based components (e.g., synthetic pyrethroids) as active ingredients.

[0009] As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that veratridine and sevadin are soluble in specific glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and have thus completed the present invention.

[0010] That is, the present invention relates to a composition comprising veratridine, sevadine, and a glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms; a pest control composition comprising the composition; and a pest control method using the composition. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention include the following: [1] A composition comprising veratridine, sevadine, and one or more glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. [2] The composition according to [1], wherein the glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is one or more compounds selected from ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 3-methoxybutanol (butylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), 3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-butanol (isobutylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), and propylene glycol monomethyl ether. [3] The composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the ratio of (total parts by weight of veratridine and sevadin):(total parts by weight of glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) is 1:1 to 1:1000. [4] The composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the total weight of veratridine and sevadin is 5% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the composition. [5] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the total weight of veratridine and sevadin is 0.05% by weight or more and 5% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the composition. [6] The composition according to any one of [1] to [5], further comprising a glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, and 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol. [7] The composition according to [6], wherein the glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is propylene glycol. [8] The composition according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein veratridine and cevadine are contained in the Sabadilla seed extract. [9] The composition according to [8], wherein the Sabadilla seed extract is a propylene glycol solution.

[10] The composition according to [9], wherein the total weight of veratridine and sevadine in the propylene glycol solution of Sabadilla seed extract is 0.1 to 50% by weight.

[11] A pest control formulation comprising the composition according to any one of [1] to

[10] .

[12] The pest control formulation according to

[11] , wherein the pest is an arthropod pest.

[13] The pest control formulation according to

[12] , wherein the arthropod pest is a Diptera or Blattodea order.

[14] A method for controlling pests, comprising a step of applying the pest control formulation according to any one of

[11] to

[13] to pests, their habitats, or places where their appearance is predicted.

[15] The composition according to any one of [1] to

[10] , further comprising one or more components selected from group (a): Group (a): acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, GABAergic chloride channel blockers, sodium channel modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators, glutamatergic chloride channel allosteric modulators, juvenile hormone mimics, multi-site inhibitors, chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators, mite growth inhibitors, microbially derived insect midgut membrane disrupting agents, mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers, chitin synthesis inhibitors, molting inhibitors, ecdysone receptor agonists, octopamine receptor agonists, inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I, II, III, and IV, voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ryanodine receptor modulators, chordotonal organ modulators, microbial insecticides, acaricidal active ingredients, and nematicidal active ingredients.

[0011] The present invention can provide a composition in which veratridine and cevadine are dissolved in a solvent, which is suitable for formulation, particularly for aerosol formulation.

[0012] Veratridine and cevadine (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "the present alkaloid components") in the present invention are alkaloid compounds represented by the following structural formula:

[0013] Veratridine and cevadine are contained in Sabadilla seeds and can be extracted into an organic solvent by the methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example.

[0014] Plants of the genus Schoenocaulon are commonly called Sabadilla. The Sabadilla seed extract and / or Sabadilla seed extraction residue, etc., can be obtained from any species belonging to Schoenocaulon. The genus Schoenocaulon includes the following species: Schoenocaulon calcicola, Schoenocaulon caricifolium, Schoenocaulon comatum, Schoenocaulon conzattii, Schoenocaulon dubium (also known as Schoenocaulon gracile), Schoenocaulon framei, Schoenocaulon ghiesbreghtii (also known as Schoenocaulon drummondii), Schoenocaulon yucatanense yucatanense), Schoenocaulon ignigenum, Schoenocaulon intermedium, Schoenocaulon jaliscense, Schoenocaulon macrocarpum (also known as Schoenocaulon lauricola), Schoenocaulon madidorum, Schoenocaulon megarrhizum, Schoenocaulon mortonii, Schoenocaulon oaxacense, Schoenocaulonobtusum, Schoenocaulon officinale, Schoenocaulon pellucidum, Schoenocaulon plumosum, Schoenocaulon pringlei, Schoenocaulon rzedowskii, Schoenocaulon tenorioi, Schoenocaulon tenue, Schoenocaulon tenuifolium, Schoenocaulon texanum and Schoenocaulon tigrense.

[0015] In the present invention, commercially available alkaloid components or Sabadilla seed extracts containing the alkaloid components may be used, or synthetically prepared alkaloid components may be used, or the alkaloid components may be extracted from Sabadilla seeds and used. When the alkaloid components are extracted from Sabadilla seeds and used, they may be used together with the solvent used for extraction. Hereinafter, the Sabadilla seed extract containing the alkaloid components, including the solvent used for extraction, may also be referred to as the "Sabadilla seed extract."

[0016] The extract of Sabadilla seeds can be obtained by known methods (e.g., the methods described in WO 2017 / 070451 and WO 2019 / 133423), but is not limited to these methods. Solvents for extraction include, but are not limited to, commonly known organic solvents (e.g., alkanes, halogenated alkanes, aromatic alkanes, alcohols, esters, etc.). In the present invention, Sabadilla seed extracts obtained using glycol-based solvents can be used.

[0017] The glycol solvent may be a glycol solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, specifically selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, and 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol. Propylene glycol is particularly preferred. The present Sabadilla seed extract is preferably in the form of a propylene glycol solution.

[0018] When the present Sabadilla seed extract is used, the total weight of veratridine and sevadin in the present Sabadilla seed extract may be 0.1% by weight or more, 1% by weight or more, 5% by weight or more, 50% by weight or less, 30% by weight or less, 20% by weight or less, or 15% by weight or less. The total weight of veratridine and sevadin in the present Sabadilla seed extract is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight, or preferably 5 to 15% by weight. The present Sabadilla seed extract may contain impurities derived from Sabadilla.

[0019] The present invention relates to a composition (hereinafter, also referred to as "the present composition") containing veratridine and sevadine, and one or more glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms. Hereinafter, the glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms may be referred to as "the present glycol monoalkyl ether solvent" or "the present glycol ether solvent."

[0020] The present invention relates to a composition containing veratridine, sevadine, and the glycol monoalkyl ether solvent. The glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably a glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 4 carbon atoms or a glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 carbon atoms.

[0021] Specific examples of glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms include, but are not limited to, the following. Examples include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 3-methoxybutanol (butylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), 3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-butanol (isobutylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), and propylene glycol monomethyl ether. Preferred examples include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, 3-methoxybutanol (butylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), and propylene glycol monomethyl ether. More preferred examples include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether. Two or more of the above glycol monoalkyl ether solvents may be mixed and used, and the mixing ratio may be in the range of 1:0.01 to 1:100. The glycol monoalkyl ether solvent mixture may be prepared by mixing these compounds, or a commercially available product may be purchased.

[0022] The present composition can be prepared by mixing the present alkaloid component or the present Sabadilla seed extract with the present glycol monoalkyl ether solvent. When the present Sabadilla seed extract is used, the present Sabadilla seed extract and the present glycol monoalkyl ether solvent are mixed so that the total weight percentage of veratridine and sevadine contained in the present Sabadilla seed extract reaches a desired constant concentration in the prepared composition, and the resulting mixture is stirred at a certain temperature (e.g., room temperature (25°C)) to obtain a composition. The resulting composition is in a liquid state.

[0023] In the present composition, the ratio of (total parts by weight of veratridine and sevadin):(total parts by weight of glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:1000, preferably 1:10 to 1:1000, preferably 1:20 to 1:1000, preferably 1:30 to 1:1000, preferably 1:40 to 1:1000, and preferably 1:50 to 1:1000. The ratio of (total parts by weight of veratridine and sevadin):(total parts by weight of glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) is more preferably in the range of 1:55.7 to 1:704.3.

[0024] In addition, the total weight of veratridine and sevadin is not particularly limited as long as it is soluble in the composition after preparation, for example, relative to the total weight of composition, it can be 5 wt% or less, 3 wt% or less, 2 wt% or less, 0.01 wt% or more, 0.03 wt% or more, 0.05 wt% or more, 0.1 wt% or more, 0.3 wt% or more, or 0.5 wt% or more.More specifically, it can be 1.52 wt%, 1.04 wt%, 0.51 wt%, 0.14 wt% or more.Preferably, it is 0.05 wt% or more and 5 wt% or less, more preferably 0.14 wt% or more and 1.52 wt% or less, and even more preferably 0.51 wt% or more and 1.52 wt% or less.

[0025] It is confirmed and evaluated whether veratidine and sevadin are completely dissolved in the prepared composition. The evaluation is judged according to the following evaluation criteria. <Evaluation criteria> ◯: A homogeneous solution was obtained. △: A dispersed / suspended state was obtained. ×: No dissolution / dispersion was obtained and the solution was separated.

[0026] The present composition may further contain a glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, and 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol. The glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is preferably propylene glycol. When the present composition contains a propylene glycol solution of Sabadilla seed extract, the propylene glycol contained in the solution may be the above-mentioned glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. When the present composition contains a glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, the glycol-based solvent may be the solvent used for extracting Sabadilla seeds. When the present composition containing a glycol-based solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is produced using the present Sabadilla seed extract, the glycol-based solvent used may be the same as or a different glycol-based solvent from the solvent used for extraction.

[0027] The composition of the present invention, which contains veratridine, sevadine, and one or more glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, can be used in a formulation for controlling pests (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "the formulation").

[0028] The present composition may contain one or more components selected from the following group (a) (hereinafter referred to as the present components):

[0029] The present components described below are all known components and can be obtained from commercially available preparations or produced by known methods. When the present component is a microorganism, it can also be obtained from a bacterial depository institution.

[0030] Group (a) includes acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., carbamate insecticides, organophosphate insecticides), GABAergic chloride channel blockers (e.g., phenylpyrazole insecticides), sodium channel modulators (e.g., pyrethroid insecticides), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulators (e.g., neonicotinoid insecticides), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators, glutamate-gated chloride channel allosteric modulators (e.g., macrolide insecticides), juvenile hormone mimics, multisite inhibitors, chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators, mite growth inhibitors, microbial insect midgut membrane disruptors, mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers (e.g., nereistoxin insecticides), chitin synthesis inhibitors, molting inhibitors, ecdysone receptor agonists, octopamine receptor agonists, mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes I and II, III and IV inhibitors, voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ryanodine receptor modulators (e.g., diamide insecticides), chordotonal organ modulators, microbial insecticides, acaricidal active ingredients, and nematicidal active ingredients.

[0031] The present formulation may contain an inert carrier or formulation auxiliary. Examples of inert carriers include solid carriers and gaseous carriers. The present composition can be formulated by further adding surfactants and other formulation auxiliary agents as necessary. The present formulation can also be obtained by applying the present composition to the surface of an inert carrier.

[0032] The formulations include the following: aerosol formulations, pump sprays, baits, microcapsules, oil solutions, emulsions, microemulsions, wettable powders, wettable powder granules, flowable formulations, incense sticks, mat formulations, electronic liquid mosquito repellents, fumigants, aerosols, poison baits, resin formulations, granules, capsules, chewable tablets, syrups, tablets, powders, suppositories, injections (intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intraperitoneal, etc.), spot-on formulations, pour-on formulations, shampoos, lotions, and pastes.

[0033] The present formulation may be used as a mosquito coil, an electric mosquito mat, a liquid mosquito repellent, a smoke agent, a fumigant, a sheet formulation, a spot-on agent, or an oral treatment agent. The present formulation is preferably an aerosol formulation. The present formulation usually contains 10 to 95% by weight of the present composition.

[0034] Examples of solid carriers used in formulation include fine powders and granules of clays (kaolin clay, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, Fubasami clay, acid clay, etc.), dry silica, wet silica, talc, ceramics, other inorganic minerals (sericite, quartz, sulfur, activated carbon, calcium carbonate, etc.), chemical fertilizers (ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium chloride, etc.), and synthetic resins (polyester resins such as polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.; nylon resins such as nylon-6, nylon-11, nylon-66, etc.; polyamide resins, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride-propylene copolymer, etc.).

[0035] Examples of gaseous carriers include fluorocarbons, butane gas, LPG (liquefied petroleum gas), dimethyl ether, and carbon dioxide gas.

[0036] Other formulation adjuvants include adhesives, dispersants, colorants, stabilizers, and the like, specific examples of which include casein, gelatin, sugars (starch, gum arabic, cellulose derivatives, alginic acid, etc.), lignin derivatives, bentonite, synthetic water-soluble polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acids, etc.), acidic isopropyl phosphate, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, and BHA (a mixture of 2-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol and 3-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol).

[0037] The pests controlled by this formulation include harmful insects, harmful arthropods such as harmful mites, harmful mollusks, and harmful nematodes. Harmful arthropods include Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Thysanoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera, Blattodea, Siphonaptera, Psocodae, Thysanura, Acari, Araneae, Polydesmida, Isopoda, Chilopoda, and Gastropoda. The formulation is suitable for controlling Diptera or Blattodea.

[0038] The target arthropod pests may be those that have reduced sensitivity to or have developed resistance to commercially available insecticides, acaricides, etc. However, if the target arthropods have significantly reduced sensitivity to or have developed significant resistance to the pests, it is desirable to use the present composition in combination with an insecticide or acaricide other than the target insecticide or acaricide.

[0039] The method for controlling pests of the present invention includes a step of applying the formulation directly to pests and / or to the habitat of the pests (plants, soil, houses, animals, etc.), or to a place where the pests are expected to appear. It can also be used for seed treatment. Examples of the method for controlling pests of the present invention include foliage treatment, soil treatment, root treatment, shower treatment, fumigation treatment, water surface treatment, and seed treatment.

[0040] Methods for controlling pests by applying an effective amount of the present formulation to the soil include, for example, applying an effective amount of the present formulation to the soil before or after planting a plant, applying an effective amount of the present formulation to the rhizosphere of a crop to be protected from damage such as feeding by pests, and controlling pests that feed on plants by systemically transferring an effective amount of the present formulation from the roots etc. into the plant body. More specifically, for example, planting hole treatment (spraying in planting holes, mixing in planting hole treatment soil), plant base treatment (spraying in planting holes, mixing in plant base soil, plant base irrigation, plant base treatment in the latter half of the seedling raising period), planting furrow treatment (spraying in planting furrows, mixing in planting furrow soil), row treatment (row spraying, row soil mixing, row spraying in the growing season), row treatment at sowing (row spraying at sowing, mixing in row soil at sowing), overall treatment (overall soil spraying, overall soil mixing), side row treatment, water surface treatment (water surface application, water surface application after flooding), other soil spray treatments (foliar spraying of granules during the growing season, spraying under the crown or around the main trunk, soil surface spraying, soil surface mixing, seeding hole spraying, furrow surface spraying, spraying between plants), and others. Other irrigation treatments include soil irrigation, seedling irrigation, chemical injection treatment, ground level irrigation, chemical drip irrigation, chemigation), seedling tray treatments (seedling tray spraying, seedling tray irrigation, seedling tray flooding), seedling tray treatments (seedling tray spraying, seedling tray irrigation, seedling tray flooding), seedling bed treatments (seedling bed spraying, seedling bed irrigation, water seedling bed spraying, seedling immersion), bed soil mixing treatments (bed soil mixing, bed soil mixing before sowing, spraying before soil covering at sowing, spraying after soil covering at sowing, covering soil mixing), and other treatments (hilling soil mixing, plowing in, topsoil mixing, rain-drop soil mixing, planting position treatment, granular inflorescence spraying, paste fertilizer mixing).

[0041] When this formulation is used for pest control in the agricultural field, the application rate is 10,000 m 2 The total amount of veratridine and sevadin is usually 1 to 10,000 g per kg of seed or vegetative reproductive organ. When treating seeds or vegetative reproductive organs, the total amount of veratridine and sevadin is usually applied in the range of 0.001 to 100 g per kg of seed or vegetative reproductive organ. When the formulation is an emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder, flowable powder, etc., it is usually diluted with water to an active ingredient concentration of 0.01 to 10,000 ppm before application, and granules, dusts, etc. are usually applied as is.

[0042] These formulations or water dilutions of the formulations may be sprayed directly onto pests or onto plants such as crops to be protected from pests, or may be applied to cultivated soil to control harmful arthropods living in the soil.

[0043] Alternatively, the resin preparation can be processed into a sheet or string shape and wrapped around the crop, stretched around the crop, or spread on the soil around the base of the plant.

[0044] When using this formulation to control pests living in houses, the application rate is 100mg / kg for a treatment area of ​​1 m. 2 The total amount of veratridine and sevadin per unit area is usually 0.01 to 1,000 mg. When treating in an air space, the treatment space is 3 The total amount of veratridine and sevadin per dose is usually 0.01 to 500 mg. When the formulation is an emulsifiable concentrate, wettable powder, flowable powder, etc., it is usually diluted with water to an active ingredient concentration of 0.1 to 10,000 ppm before application, while oil solutions, aerosols, fumigants, poison baits, etc. are applied as is.

[0045] The formulation can also be used as an agent for controlling pests in agricultural lands such as fields, paddy fields, lawns, orchards, etc. Examples of plants include the following.

[0046] Agricultural crops: corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oats, sorghum, cotton, soybeans, peanuts, buckwheat, sugar beets, rapeseed, sunflowers, sugarcane, tobacco, etc. Vegetables: Solanaceae vegetables (eggplant, tomato, bell pepper, chili pepper, potato, etc.), Cucurbitaceae vegetables (cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, watermelon, melon, etc.), Brassicaceae vegetables (radish, turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, mustard greens, broccoli, cauliflower, etc.), Asteraceae vegetables (burdock, garland chrysanthemum, artichoke, lettuce, etc.), Liliaceae vegetables (green onion, onion, garlic, asparagus), Umbelliferae vegetables (carrot, parsley, celery, parsley, etc.), Chenopodiaceae vegetables (spinach, Swiss chard, etc.), Lamiaceae vegetables (perilla, mint, basil, etc.), strawberries, sweet potatoes, yams, taro, etc., flowers, ornamental plants, Fruit trees: pome fruits (apples, European pears, Japanese pears, quince, quince, etc.), stone fruits (peaches, plums, nectarines, plums, cherries, apricots, prunes, etc.), citrus fruits (unshu mandarins, oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, etc.), nuts (chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almonds, pistachios, cashews, macadamia nuts, etc.), berries (blueberries, cranberries, blackberries, raspberries, etc.), grapes, persimmons, olives, loquats, bananas, coffee, dates, coconuts, etc. Trees other than fruit trees: tea, mulberry, flowering trees, street trees (ash, birch, dogwood, eucalyptus, ginkgo, lilac, maple, oak, poplar, redbud, liquidamum, sycamore, zelkova, arborvitae, fir, hemlock, juniper, pine, spruce, yew), etc.

[0047] The above-mentioned plants include plants that can be produced by natural crossbreeding, plants that can be generated by mutation, F1 hybrid plants, and genetically modified crops. Examples of genetically modified crops include plants that have been conferred resistance to herbicides such as HPPD (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitors (e.g., isoxaflutole), ALS (acetolactate synthase) inhibitors (e.g., imazethapyr, thifensulfuron methyl), EPSP (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) inhibitors, glutamine synthetase inhibitors, PPO (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitors, bromoxynil, and dicamba; plants that are capable of synthesizing selective toxins known from Bacillus species such as Bacillus thuringiensis; and plants that can be conferred specific insecticidal activity by synthesizing gene fragments that partially match endogenous genes derived from harmful insects and inducing gene silencing (RNAi; RNA interference) in the target harmful insects.

[0048] The above-mentioned plants are not particularly limited as long as they are varieties that are commonly cultivated.

[0049] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples in any way.

[0050] Sabadilla seed extract containing 10% by weight of veratridine and sevadin and 40% by weight of propylene glycol, obtained by the method described in Patent Document 1, and various other materials were weighed out to predetermined weights and placed in the following container, and mixed by stirring under the following conditions: Container: screw tube (volume: 100 mL, material: glass) Stirring: 1 minute with a magnetic stirrer, room temperature (25°C) Observation: Immediately after stirring, at room temperature (25°C).

[0051] Next, the state of the mixed solution was observed and evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria: <Evaluation criteria> ◯: A homogeneous solution was obtained. Δ: A dispersed / suspended state was obtained. ×: No dissolution / dispersion was observed and the solution was separated.

[0052] Compositions of the present invention were prepared using ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 3-methoxybutanol (butylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), 3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-butanol (isobutylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), or propylene glycol monomethyl ether. The composition of the present invention prepared using ethylene glycol monomethyl ether was designated Composition 1, the composition of the present invention prepared using ethylene glycol monoethyl ether was designated Composition 2, the composition of the present invention prepared using ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether was designated Composition 3, the composition of the present invention prepared using ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether was designated Composition 4, the composition of the present invention prepared using 3-methoxybutanol (butylene glycol-3-methoxy ether) was designated Composition 5, the composition of the present invention prepared using propylene glycol monomethyl ether was designated Composition 6, and the composition of the present invention prepared using 3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-butanol (isobutylene glycol-3-methoxy ether) was designated Composition 7. Furthermore, as comparative compositions, a composition produced using ethylene glycol dimethyl ether was designated as Comparative Composition 1, and a composition produced using propylene glycol diacetate was designated as Comparative Composition 2.

[0053] Each solvent was added to the Sabadilla seed extract in a predetermined amount to adjust the concentration of the Sabadilla seed extract in the resulting composition to the predetermined values: 15.20 [w / w%], 10.40 [w / w%], 5.10 [w / w%], and 1.40 [w / w%].

[0054] The measurement results for the composition of the present invention are shown in Table 1 below.

[0055] The measurement results for the comparative composition are shown in Table 2 below.

[0056] As shown in Table 1, good dissolution of veratridine and sevadin was observed in Inventive Compositions 1 to 7 obtained using ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 3-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and 3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-butanol as solvents or solvents containing these. On the other hand, as shown in Table 2, low dissolution of veratridine and sevadin was observed in Comparative Compositions 1 and 2 obtained using ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and propylene glycol diacetate, regardless of the concentration of Sabadilla seed extract at any of the specified concentrations.

[0057] Test Example 1: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 1 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0058] Test Example 2: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 2 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0059] Test Example 3: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 3 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0060] Test Example 4 60 parts by weight of the present composition 4 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0061] Test Example 5: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 5 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0062] Test Example 6: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 6 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0063] Test Example 7: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 7 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.47 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0064] Test Example 8: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 1 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0065] Test Example 9: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 2 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0066] Test Example 10: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 3 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0067] Test Example 11: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 4 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0068] Test Example 12: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 5 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0069] Test Example 13: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 6 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0070] Test Example 14: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 7 was placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of liquefied petroleum gas (a mixture of propane, isobutane, and butane, saturated vapor pressure: 0.35 MPa (20°C)) was added to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches could be controlled.

[0071] Test Example 15: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 1 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0072] Test Example 16: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 2 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0073] Test Example 17: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 3 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0074] Test Example 18: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 4 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0075] Test Example 19: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 5 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0076] Test Example 20: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 6 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0077] Test Example 21: 60 parts by weight of the present composition 7 is placed in an aerosol container, and 40 parts by weight of dimethyl ether is added as a propellant gas to obtain an aerosol formulation. By applying the aerosol formulation to cockroaches, cockroaches can be controlled.

[0078] The composition of the present invention, which contains veratridine, sevadine, and one or more glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, is a composition in which veratridine and sevadine are uniformly dissolved, and is useful for producing a formulation for controlling pests. Formulations containing the composition of the present invention are useful for controlling pests.

Claims

1. A composition comprising veratridine and sebazine, and one or more glycol monoalkyl ether solvents having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms is one or more compounds selected from ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-t-butyl ether, 3-methoxybutanol (butylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), 3-methyl-3-methoxy-1-butanol (isobutylene glycol-3-methoxy ether), and propylene glycol monomethyl ether.

3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of (total parts by weight of veratridine and sebazine):(total parts by weight of glycol monoalkyl ether solvent having 3 to 8 carbon atoms) is 1:1 to 1:1000.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the total weight of veratridine and sevadin is less than 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

5. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the total weight of veratridine and sevadin is greater than or equal to 0.05% by weight and less than or equal to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a glycol solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, and 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol.

7. The composition according to claim 6, wherein the glycol solvent having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is propylene glycol.

8. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein veratridine and sebazine are contained in a sabadilla seed extract.

9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the Sabadilla seed extract is in propylene glycol.

10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the total weight of veratridine and sebazine is 0.1 to 50% by weight in the propylene glycol solution of sabadilla seed extract.

11. A pest control formulation comprising the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The pest control formulation according to claim 11, wherein the pest is an arthropod pest.

13. The pest control formulation according to claim 12, wherein the pest arthropod is of the order Diptera or Blattodea.

14. A method for controlling pests, comprising a step of applying the pest control formulation according to any one of claims 11 to 13 to pests, their habitats, or places where their appearance is predicted.

15. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising one or more components selected from group (a): Group (a): acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, GABAergic chloride channel blockers, sodium channel modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor competitive modulators, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor allosteric modulators, glutamatergic chloride channel allosteric modulators, juvenile hormone mimics, multisite inhibitors, chordotonal organ TRPV channel modulators, mite growth inhibitors, microbial-derived insect midgut membrane disrupting agents, mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitors, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers, chitin synthesis inhibitors, molting inhibitors, ecdysone receptor agonists, octopamine receptor agonists, inhibitors of mitochondrial electron transport complexes I, II, III and IV, voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers, acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors, ryanodine receptor modulators, chordotonal organ modulators, microbial insecticides, acaricidal active ingredients, and nematicidal active ingredients.

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