Fender structure

Abstract

A fender structure, comprising a rubber fender (1), which is of a hollow cylinder shape, wherein one end of the rubber fender (1) is connected to a dock sidewall (2); a protective plate (3) vertically arranged at the other end of the rubber fender (1), wherein a rubber layer (4) is provided on the side of the protective plate (3) that is away from the rubber fender (1); a guide column (5), one end of which is horizontally and slidably connected to the protective plate (3), and the other end of which extends to the inside of the rubber fender (1) and is elastically connected to a closed end of the rubber fender (1); and two pairs of chains (6), which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rubber fender (1), wherein each pair of chains (6) comprises a first chain and a second chain, ends of the first chain and the second chain are both connected to embedded parts arranged on the dock sidewall (2), and the other ends of the first chain and the second chain are connected to an upper portion and a lower portion of the side of the protective plate (3) that is close to the rubber fender (1). The fender structure has the advantages of effectively reducing the maximum deformation amount during an energy absorption process of a rubber fender, protecting the rubber fender, prolonging the service life of the rubber fender, and achieving good use stability.

Description

Fender structure Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dock facilities, and more particularly to a fender structure. Background Art

[0002] Fenders are placed on docks or ship sides to mitigate the impact between a ship and the dock or between the ship and the dock during docking or mooring, preventing or eliminating damage to the ship or dock. They are important cushioning devices for ships during navigation. Existing fenders are mostly strip (V-shaped) or drum-shaped fenders made of rubber. They absorb collision energy through deformation, achieving the purpose of cushioning. However, rubber is prone to fatigue and fracture under long-term stress and loss, resulting in poor operational stability.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide a fender structure to solve the above problems.

[0005] To achieve the objectives and other advantages of the present invention, a fender structure is provided, comprising: a rubber fender in the shape of a hollow cylinder, one end of the rubber fender being connected to the side wall of the dock; a protective plate vertically arranged at the other end of the rubber fender, a rubber layer being provided on a side of the protective plate away from the rubber fender; a guide column, one end of which is horizontally slidably connected to the protective plate, and the other end of which extends into the rubber fender and is elastically connected to its closed end; and two pairs of chains symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rubber fender, each pair of chains comprising a first chain and a second chain, one end of each of the first chain and the second chain being connected to an embedded part provided on the side wall of the dock, and the other end being connected respectively to the upper and lower portions of the side of the protective plate close to the rubber fender.

[0006] Preferably, in the fender structure, the rubber fender includes a plastic part and an elastic part, one end of the plastic part is connected to the side wall of the dock, and the other end is detachably connected to the elastic part, and the other end of the guide column extends into the plastic part and is sealed and slidably connected to its inner wall.

[0007] Preferably, in the fender structure, the other end surface of the plastic part is provided with a plurality of slots at intervals along its circumference, a first magnet is provided at the bottom of each slot, an annular clip is fixedly provided at one end of the elastic part close to the plastic part, a plurality of clip blocks cooperating with the slots are provided on the clip plate at intervals along its circumference, and a second magnet is provided on the clip block that is magnetically attracted to the first magnet.

[0008] Preferably, in the fender structure, at least one card slot is provided with a first through hole which passes through the card slot and the first magnet, at least one card block is provided with a second through hole which passes through the card block, the second magnet and the card plate, the second through hole corresponds to and is connected with the first through hole one by one, at least one first flow channel is provided in the side wall of the plastic part, one end of the first flow channel is connected with the interior of the plastic part, and the other end is connected with the first through hole, at least one second flow channel is provided in the side wall of the elastic part, one end of the second flow channel is closed, and the other end is connected with the second through hole, wherein the inner wall of the elastic part is provided with a plurality of annular airbags at intervals along its axial direction, each annular airbag is connected with the second flow channel through a third flow channel provided in the side wall of the elastic part, and in an initial state, the annular airbag does not contact the side wall of the guide column.

[0009] Preferably, in the fender structure, a plurality of first hydraulic rods are provided at intervals along the circumference of the plastic part, each first hydraulic rod is arranged along the axial direction of the plastic part, the output end of the first hydraulic rod is connected to the guide column, and the cylinder end is connected to the closed end of the plastic part, and a second hydraulic rod is provided at the inner center of the plastic part along the axial direction, the output end of the second hydraulic rod is spaced a preset distance from the other end face of the guide column, the cylinder end is connected to the closed end of the plastic part, and the cylinder ends of the plurality of first hydraulic rods and the cylinder ends of the second hydraulic rods are connected by pipes.

[0010] Preferably, in the fender structure, a connecting plate is fixedly provided at one end of the guide column, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate protrude from the guide column, and a plurality of connecting rollers are provided at intervals in the horizontal direction on the side of the connecting plate away from the guide column, each connecting roller is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the connecting plate, and a connecting groove is provided on the side of the protective plate close to the rubber fender to cooperate with the connecting plate, the length of the connecting groove in the horizontal direction is greater than the length of the connecting plate in the horizontal direction, and at least a pair of elastic members are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connecting plate, the elastic force direction of each elastic member is arranged in the horizontal direction, and one end of the elastic member is connected to the connecting plate, and the other end is connected to the connecting groove.

[0011] Preferably, in the fender structure, the connecting groove is a T-shaped groove, and a side wall of a lower portion of the connecting groove close to the guide column can be telescopically moved up and down.

[0012] Preferably, in the fender structure, the protective plate is a carbon fiber composite plate, and the guide column is a carbon fiber composite column.

[0013] Preferably, in the fender structure, a mounting plate is fixedly provided at one end of the rubber fender, and a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the mounting plate at intervals along its circumference, and the plurality of mounting holes correspond one-to-one to a plurality of embedded bolts provided on the side wall of the dock and are connected by nuts.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The fender structure of the present invention can realize that when a ship collides with the fender, first the fender can move horizontally, converting part of the collision energy of the ship into momentum in the horizontal direction, thereby reducing the impact of the ship on the fender; secondly, the fender and the guide column can expand and contract along the axial direction of the guide column, transmitting the collision force received to the elastic member, causing the spring to compress and deform, thereby partially absorbing the collision energy; finally, the fender contacts the rubber fender, transmitting the weakened collision force to the rubber fender, absorbing the collision energy through the deformation of the rubber fender, thereby achieving the purpose of buffering; compared with directly absorbing energy through the deformation of the rubber fender, the present invention can effectively reduce the maximum deformation of the rubber fender during the energy absorption process, thereby protecting the rubber fender, extending the service life of the rubber fender, and having good stability in use.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be reflected in part from the following description and will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] FIG1 is a schematic perspective view of a fender structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fender structure in an initial state according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] FIG3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG2 ;

[0020] FIG4 is an enlarged view of a portion B in FIG2 ;

[0021] FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fender structure under compression according to another embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0023] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not preclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0024] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0025] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fender structure, including: a rubber fender 1, which is hollow and cylindrical, and one end of the rubber fender 1 is connected to the dock sidewall 2; a protective plate 3, which is vertically arranged at the other end of the rubber fender 1, and a rubber layer 4 is provided on the side of the protective plate 3 away from the rubber fender 1; a guide column 5, one end of which is horizontally slidably connected to the protective plate 3, and the other end extends into the rubber fender 1 and is elastically connected to its closed end; two pairs of chains 6, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rubber fender 1, each pair of chains 6 includes a first chain and a second chain, one end of the first chain and the second chain are connected to the embedded parts provided on the dock sidewall 2, and the other end is respectively connected to the upper and lower parts of the side of the protective plate 3 close to the rubber fender 1.

[0026] In the above embodiment, the fender structure includes a rubber fender, a protective plate, a guide column and two pairs of chains. The rubber fender is a hollow cylinder (drum-shaped) with an open end and a closed end. The closed end is connected to the side wall of the dock and fixed on the side wall of the dock; the protective plate is vertically arranged at the open end of the rubber fender and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rubber fender. A rubber layer is provided on the side of the protective plate away from the rubber fender. The rubber layer can provide initial buffering and protect the ship's side; the guide column is arranged along the axial direction of the rubber fender, one end of the guide column is horizontally slidably connected to the protective plate, and the other end extends into the rubber fender and is elastically connected to its closed end. The elastic connection method includes but is not limited to connection through a spring or a spring, preferably a spring, to facilitate the installation and arrangement of subsequent components. The protective plate is horizontally slidably connected to the guide column, so that when the ship contacts the protective plate, the protective plate can slide horizontally, converting part of the collision energy of the ship into horizontal momentum, reducing To reduce the impact of ships on the protective plate, the other end of the guide column is elastically connected to the closed end of the rubber fender. When the ship contacts the protective plate, the collision force is transmitted to the spring through the protective plate and the guide column, causing the spring to compress and deform, partially absorbing the collision energy, and further playing a buffering role; two pairs of chains are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rubber fender, each pair of chains includes a first chain and a second chain, the first chain is arranged horizontally, and the second chain is located below the first chain and is inclined. One end of the first chain and the second chain are connected to the embedded parts on the side wall of the dock, such as the embedded hook, and the other end is respectively connected to the upper and lower ears fixed on the side of the protective plate close to the rubber fender, so as to realize the soft connection between the protective plate and the side wall of the dock, while improving the stability of the connection between the protective plate and the rubber fender, it does not affect the normal displacement of the protective plate.

[0027] The present invention provides a guide column between the rubber fender and the protective plate, and one end of the guide column is horizontally slidably connected to the protective plate, and the other end extends into the rubber fender and is elastically connected. When a ship collides with the protective plate, the protective plate can first move horizontally, and partially convert the collision energy of the ship into momentum in the horizontal direction, thereby reducing the impact of the ship on the protective plate. Secondly, the protective plate and the guide column can expand and contract along the axial direction of the guide column, and transmit the collision force received to the elastic member, causing the spring to compress and deform, and partially absorb the collision energy. Finally, the protective plate contacts the rubber fender, and transmits the weakened collision force to the rubber fender. The collision energy is absorbed by the deformation of the rubber fender to achieve the purpose of buffering. Compared with directly absorbing energy through the deformation of the rubber fender, the present invention can effectively reduce the maximum deformation of the rubber fender during the energy absorption process, protect the rubber fender, extend the service life of the rubber fender, and have good stability in use.

[0028] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 5 , the rubber fender 1 includes a plastic portion 7 and an elastic portion 8. One end of the plastic portion 7 is connected to the dock sidewall 2, and the other end is detachably connected to the elastic portion 8. The other end of the guide post 5 extends into the plastic portion 7 and is in sealing and sliding connection with the inner wall. The plastic and elastic portions of the rubber fender are separately provided and detachably connected, allowing for easy replacement of the elastic portion in the event of fatigue damage, thereby facilitating maintenance of the fender structure.

[0029] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the other end surface of the plastic portion 7 is provided with a plurality of slots 9 at intervals along its circumference, and a first magnet 10 is provided at the bottom of each slot 9. An annular clip 11 is fixedly provided at one end of the elastic portion 8 near the plastic portion 7. The clip 11 is provided with a plurality of clip blocks 12 that cooperate with the slots 9 at intervals along its circumference, and the clip blocks 12 are provided with second magnets 13 that are magnetically attracted to the first magnets 10. The clip blocks and the slots enable a detachable connection between the elastic portion and the plastic portion, resulting in a simple structure. During installation, the first magnet provided at the bottom of the slot and the second magnet provided on the clip blocks can also assist in positioning and locking, resulting in high installation efficiency and stable connection.

[0030] Furthermore, in order to enhance the sealing stability after the clamping block 12 is connected to the clamping slot 9 , a rubber sealing layer 14 is provided on the side wall of the clamping block 12 .

[0031] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, at least one slot 9 is provided with a first through hole 15 that passes through the slot 9 and the first magnet 10, and at least one block 12 is provided with a second through hole 16 that passes through the block 12, the second magnet 13 and the card plate 11. The second through hole 16 corresponds to and is connected to the first through hole 15 one by one. At least one first flow channel 17 is provided in the side wall of the plastic part 7, one end of the first flow channel 17 is connected to the interior of the plastic part 7, and the other end is connected to the first through hole 15. At least one second flow channel 18 is provided in the side wall of the elastic part 8, one end of the second flow channel 18 is closed, and the other end is connected to the second through hole 16. The inner wall of the elastic part 8 is provided with a plurality of annular airbags 19 at intervals along its axial direction, and each annular airbag 19 is connected to the second flow channel 18 through a third flow channel 20 provided in the side wall of the elastic part 8. In the initial state, the annular airbag 19 does not contact the side wall of the guide column 5. When a ship collides with the fender, the guide column moves toward the side wall of the dock under the action of the collision force, compressing the space inside the plastic portion. The gas in the plastic portion enters the annular airbag through the first flow channel, the first through hole, the second through hole, the second flow channel, and the third flow channel, inflating the annular airbag. The inflated annular airbag covers the side wall of the guide column, weakening the collision force transmitted by the guide column and further playing a buffering role.

[0032] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, a plurality of first hydraulic rods 21 are spaced apart along the circumference of the plastic portion 7. Each first hydraulic rod 21 is arranged along the axial direction of the plastic portion 7. The output end of the first hydraulic rod 21 is connected to the guide column 5, and the cylinder end is connected to the closed end of the plastic portion 7. A second hydraulic rod 22 is provided axially at the center of the plastic portion 7. The output end of the second hydraulic rod 22 is spaced a preset distance from the other end face of the guide column 5, and the cylinder end is connected to the closed end of the plastic portion 7. The cylinder ends of the plurality of first hydraulic rods 21 and the cylinder ends of the second hydraulic rods 22 are connected by pipes 23. When a ship collides with the fender, the impact force causes the guide column to move toward the sidewall of the dock, causing the first hydraulic rods to retract. The liquid in the first hydraulic rod enters the second hydraulic rod through the pipe, causing the second hydraulic rod to extend, providing a counterforce to the guide column and further weakening the impact force.

[0033] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, a connecting plate 24 is fixed to one end of the guide column 5, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate 24 protrude from the guide column 5. A plurality of connecting rollers 25 are provided on the connecting plate 24 at intervals in the horizontal direction on the side away from the guide column 5. Each connecting roller 25 is vertically arranged and rotatably connected to the connecting plate 24. A connecting groove 26 is provided on the side of the protective plate 3 close to the rubber fender 1 to cooperate with the connecting plate 24. The connecting roller 25 contacts the connecting groove 26. The length of the connecting groove 26 in the horizontal direction is greater than the length of the connecting plate 24 in the horizontal direction. At least one pair of elastic members (not shown) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connecting plate 24. The elastic force direction of each elastic member is arranged in the horizontal direction, and one end of the elastic member is connected to the connecting plate 24, and the other end is connected to the connecting groove 26. The elastic member includes but is not limited to a spring or a spring. A connecting plate is provided at one end of the guide column, a connecting roller is provided on the connecting plate for rotation therewith, and the connecting plate and the connecting roller are placed in a connecting groove provided on the protective plate to realize a sliding connection between the guide column and the protective plate, the length of the connecting groove in the horizontal direction is limited to be greater than the length of the connecting plate in the horizontal direction, and at least one pair of elastic members are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connecting plate, so that the protective plate can be reset under the action of the elastic members after being horizontally displaced by the collision of the ship, so that the protective plate can continue to convert energy in the next collision, thereby reducing the impact of the ship on the protective plate.

[0034] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the connecting groove 26 is a T-shaped groove, and the side wall of the lower part of the connecting groove 26 close to the guide column 5 can be extended and retracted up and down to facilitate the installation of the connecting plate and the connecting roller in the connecting groove, and to limit the connecting plate and the connecting roller to prevent them from falling out.

[0035] In another embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 5, the protective plate 3 is a carbon fiber composite plate, and the guide post 5 is a carbon fiber composite post. The carbon fiber composite plate and the carbon fiber composite post are lightweight and high in strength, effectively reducing the weight of the fender structure itself, preventing sagging due to prolonged suspension, and further improving the stability of the fender structure.

[0036] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG1 , a mounting plate 27 is fixed to one end of the rubber fender 1. The mounting plate 27 has a plurality of mounting holes spaced along its circumference. The mounting holes correspond one-to-one with a plurality of pre-embedded bolts provided on the dock sidewall 2 and are connected via nuts. Connecting the mounting holes on the mounting plate with the pre-embedded bolts on the dock sidewall facilitates installation.

[0037] The number of devices and processing scales described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the fender structure of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and implementation methods. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. Fender structure, characterized in that: include: A rubber fender, which is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the dock; A protective plate is vertically arranged at the other end of the rubber fender, and a rubber layer is arranged on a side of the protective plate away from the rubber fender; A guide post, one end of which is horizontally slidably connected to the protection plate, and the other end of which extends into the rubber fender and is elastically connected to its closed end; Two pairs of chains are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rubber fender, each pair of chains includes a first chain and a second chain, one end of the first chain and the second chain are connected to the embedded parts arranged on the side wall of the dock, and the other ends are respectively connected to the upper part and the lower part of the side of the protective plate close to the rubber fender.

2. The fender structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber fender comprises a plastic part and an elastic part, one end of the plastic part is connected to the side wall of the dock, and the other end is detachably connected to the elastic part, and the other end of the guide column extends into the plastic part and is sealed and slidably connected to the inner wall thereof.

3. The fender structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end surface of the plastic part is provided with a plurality of slots at intervals along its circumference, and a first magnet is provided at the bottom of each slot. An annular clamping plate is fixedly provided at one end of the elastic part close to the plastic part, and a plurality of clamping blocks cooperating with the slots are provided on the clamping plate at intervals along its circumference, and a second magnet is provided on the clamping block that is magnetically attracted to the first magnet.

4. The fender structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one card slot is provided with a first through hole that passes through the card slot and the first magnet, at least one card block is provided with a second through hole that passes through the card block, the second magnet and the card plate, the second through hole corresponds to and is connected with the first through hole one by one, at least one first flow channel is provided in the side wall of the plastic part, one end of the first flow channel is connected with the interior of the plastic part, and the other end is connected with the first through hole, at least one second flow channel is provided in the side wall of the elastic part, one end of the second flow channel is closed, and the other end is connected with the second through hole, wherein the inner wall of the elastic part is provided with a plurality of annular airbags at intervals along its axial direction, each annular airbag is connected with the second flow channel through a third flow channel provided in the side wall of the elastic part, and in an initial state, the annular airbag does not contact the side wall of the guide column.

5. The fender structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first hydraulic rods are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the plastic part, each of which is arranged along the axial direction of the plastic part, the output end of the first hydraulic rod is connected to the guide column, and the cylinder end is connected to the closed end of the plastic part, and a second hydraulic rod is arranged at the inner center of the plastic part along the axial direction, the output end of the second hydraulic rod is spaced a preset distance from the other end face of the guide column, and the cylinder end is connected to the closed end of the plastic part, and the cylinder ends of the plurality of first hydraulic rods and the cylinder end of the second hydraulic rod are connected by a pipeline.

6. The fender structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate is fixedly provided at one end of the guide column, and both upper and lower ends of the connecting plate protrude from the guide column. A plurality of connecting rollers are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction on the side of the connecting plate away from the guide column, and each connecting roller is arranged vertically and rotatably connected to the connecting plate. A connecting groove matching with the connecting plate is arranged on the side of the protective plate close to the rubber fender, and a length of the connecting groove in the horizontal direction is greater than a length of the connecting plate in the horizontal direction. At least one pair of elastic members are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting plate, and the elastic force direction of each elastic member is arranged in the horizontal direction, and one end of the elastic member is connected to the connecting plate, and the other end is connected to the connecting groove.

7. The fender structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting groove is a T-shaped groove, and a side wall of a lower part of the connecting groove close to the guide column can be telescoped up and down.

8. The fender structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective plate is a carbon fiber composite plate, and the guide column is a carbon fiber composite column.

9. The fender structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting plate is fixedly arranged at one end of the rubber fender, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting plate. The plurality of mounting holes correspond one-to-one to a plurality of embedded bolts arranged on the side wall of the dock and are connected by nuts.

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