Antenna assembly, communication device and vehicle

Abstract

An antenna assembly, a communication device and a vehicle, which aim to solve the problem of relatively small isolation between adjacent antennas. In the antenna assembly, a first feed end and a second feed end are arranged at an interval on a second radiator; and one end of a conductive bridge is coupled to a first radiator, and the other end of the conductive bridge is coupled to the second radiator. The antenna assembly comprises a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first antenna comprises the first feed end, the first radiator, the conductive bridge and the second radiator, and the second antenna comprises the second feed end, the first radiator, the conductive bridge and the second radiator; and when signals of the same frequency band are fed into the antenna assembly by means of the first feed end and the second feed end, the first antenna and the second antenna are configured to work in the same frequency band, and relatively high isolation is formed between the first antenna and the second antenna.

Description

Antenna components, communication equipment and vehicles

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on July 11, 2023, with application number 202310849801.4 and application name “Antenna assembly, communication equipment and vehicle”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and specifically to an antenna assembly, communication equipment, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0003] Vehicles, mobile phones, and other devices are typically equipped with antenna assemblies, which transmit and receive signals. In related art, antenna assemblies include multiple antenna branches to transmit and receive signals. However, in related art, when the antenna assembly is in operation, signals on adjacent antenna branches couple with each other, resulting in low isolation between adjacent antennas.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna assembly, a communication device, and a vehicle, which can improve the isolation between adjacent antennas and achieve decoupling of a first antenna and a second antenna.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly, comprising: a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive bridge; the second radiator is spaced apart from the first radiator, and a first feeding end and a second feeding end are spaced apart on the second radiator; the conductive bridge is disposed between the first radiator and the second radiator, the first end of the conductive bridge is coupled and connected to the first radiator, and the second end of the conductive bridge is coupled and connected to the second radiator; the antenna assembly comprises a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna comprises: a first feeding end, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator, the second antenna comprises a second feeding end, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator, and the operating frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna comprise the same frequency band.

[0007] Through the above arrangement, when the antenna assembly is fed through the first feeding end and the second feeding end, the first antenna and the second antenna both operate in the same frequency band, and there is a high degree of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0008] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first radiator includes a first radiating branch located on one side of the conductive bridge and a second radiating branch located on the other side of the conductive bridge, and the conductive bridge is coupled to the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch.

[0009] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first radiator further includes a connecting branch, and an end of the first radiating branch close to the second radiating branch and an end of the second radiating branch close to the first radiating branch are connected by the connecting branch. This arrangement can reduce the impedance between the conductive bridge and the first radiating branch, and between the conductive bridge and the second radiating branch.

[0010] In some embodiments that may include the above-mentioned embodiments, an end of the first radiating branch close to the second radiating branch is spaced apart from an end of the second radiating branch close to the first radiating branch. This arrangement can increase the impedance between the conductive bridge and the first radiating branch, and also increase the impedance between the conductive bridge and the second radiating branch, which is equivalent to increasing the length of the current flow path on the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch, thereby reducing the length of the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch along their extension direction, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna assembly.

[0011] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the distance between an end of the first radiating branch proximate to the second radiating branch and an end of the second radiating branch proximate to the first radiating branch is 0.05-0.25 times the length of the first radiator. This arrangement ensures a certain impedance between the conductive bridge and the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch while preventing the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch from being too short due to the distance between them being too large, thereby avoiding affecting the performance of the antenna assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, a first groove and / or a first protrusion are provided on the second radiator between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal. The first groove can increase the impedance between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal, and the first protrusion can reduce the impedance between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal, thereby adjusting the impedance between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal.

[0013] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the conductive bridge includes a first conductive bridge and a second conductive bridge spaced apart from each other, wherein the first end of the first conductive bridge and the first end of the second conductive bridge are both coupled to the second radiator, the second end of the first conductive bridge is coupled to an end of the first radiating branch proximal to the second radiating branch, and the second end of the second conductive bridge is coupled to an end of the second radiating branch proximal to the first radiating branch. With this arrangement, the impedance of the first antenna can be adjusted via the first conductive bridge, and the impedance of the second antenna can be adjusted via the second conductive bridge, thereby facilitating impedance matching between the first and second antennas.

[0014] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, a first midpoint of the first radiator along its extension direction and a second midpoint of the second radiator along its extension direction are spaced apart in the extension direction of the first radiator, the second midpoint is located between the first feeding end and the second feeding end, and the distance between the first midpoint and the first feeding end is smaller than the distance between the second midpoint and the second feeding end. This makes the antenna assembly an asymmetric structure. Such an arrangement allows the antenna assembly to adapt to irregular installation spaces, thereby improving the adaptability of the antenna assembly and accommodating more complex overall device layouts.

[0015] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the distance between the third midpoint of the connecting line of the first conductive bridge and the second conductive bridge and the first midpoint in the extension direction of the first radiator is less than or equal to 2 mm. This arrangement allows the third midpoint to substantially coincide with the first midpoint in the extension direction of the first radiator, and the conductive bridge is offset relative to the second radiator along with the first radiator, such that the conductive bridge remains approximately in the middle of the first radiator. This arrangement can improve isolation in the first decoupling mode, thereby enhancing antenna performance.

[0016] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first conductive bridge and the second radiator are coupled via a first inductor structure, or the first conductive bridge and the first radiating branch are coupled via a first inductor structure. The first inductor structure can increase the impedance between the first radiating branch and the second radiator, thereby increasing the electrical length of the first antenna and reducing the common-mode operating frequency.

[0017] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, a first groove may be provided on a second radiator between the first and second feed ends. The second radiator between the first and second feed ends is a necessary path for differential-mode current to pass through in the first and second decoupling modes. The first groove may increase the impedance between the first and second feed ends, thereby extending the differential-mode operating frequency. With this arrangement, the first and second decoupling modes can be shifted toward lower frequencies, such that the first operating frequency band is the 2.4 GHz band and the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band.

[0018] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the operating frequency band of the first antenna includes a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna includes a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band. The first antenna is configured to generate a first resonance and a second resonance in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, respectively, and the second antenna is configured to generate a third resonance and a fourth resonance in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, respectively. With this configuration, the antenna assembly can operate in both the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, resulting in a larger bandwidth for the antenna assembly.

[0019] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the current distribution corresponding to the first resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the first feeding end through part of the second radiator, the conductive bridge and the first radiating branch to the open end of the first radiating branch; the current distribution corresponding to the third resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the second feeding end through part of the second radiator, the conductive bridge and the second radiating branch to the open end of the second radiating branch; the current distribution corresponding to the second resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the first feeding end through the second radiator to the first open end of the second radiator; and the current distribution corresponding to the fourth resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the second feeding end through the second radiator to the second open end of the second radiator.

[0020] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the operating frequency band of the first antenna and the operating frequency band of the second antenna further include a third operating frequency band, and the center frequency of the third operating frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the first operating frequency band and the center frequency of the second operating frequency band. This configuration can further increase the bandwidth covered by the antenna assembly.

[0021] The first antenna is used to generate a fifth resonance in the third working frequency band, and the second antenna is used to generate a sixth resonance in the third working frequency band; the fifth resonance corresponds to a higher-order mode of the first resonance, and the sixth resonance corresponds to a higher-order mode of the third resonance.

[0022] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the first operating frequency band, and the frequency ratio of the center frequency of the second operating frequency band to the center frequency of the first operating frequency band is 1.68-2.8; or the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is less than the center frequency of the first operating frequency band, and the frequency ratio of the center frequency of the first operating frequency band to the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is 1.68-2.8. In some embodiments in which the antenna assembly further includes a third decoupling mode, the ratio of the second operating frequency band to the third first operating frequency band can be 1.68-2.8, so that the second operating frequency band and the third operating frequency band are close to each other, thereby forming a broadband operating frequency band.

[0023] Exemplarily, the first operating frequency band can be a 2.4 GHz band (such as 2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz), the second operating frequency band can be a 5 GHz band (such as 5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz), and the third operating frequency band can be a 6 GHz band (such as 5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz), so that the antenna assembly can cover various frequency bands of WLAN, thereby improving the usage bandwidth and adaptability performance of the antenna assembly and communication equipment.

[0024] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, both the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch have preset positions, and the current at the preset positions is close to zero in the first working frequency band, and the current at the preset positions is close to the maximum value in the third working frequency band.

[0025] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, a second groove is provided at a predetermined position on each of the first and second radiating branches. The second groove increases the impedance at the predetermined position, thereby shifting the third operating frequency band toward a lower frequency to cover the 6 GHz band. Because the current at the predetermined position in the first operating frequency band is near zero, the second groove does not affect the antenna assembly in the first operating frequency band.

[0026] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the length of the conductive bridge along the extension direction of the first radiator is 0.05-0.25 times the length of the first radiator. For example, when the length of the first radiator 10 is 45 mm, the length of the conductive bridge 30 may be 2.25 mm-11.25 mm (e.g., 2.25 mm, 7 mm, 11.25 mm, etc.). A conductive bridge that is too short may easily result in an excessively high impedance of the conductive bridge, thereby causing the first, second, and third operating frequency bands to shift toward lower frequencies. A conductive bridge that is too long may easily result in an excessively low impedance of the conductive bridge, thereby causing the first, second, and third operating frequency bands to shift toward higher frequencies. By making the length of the conductive bridge 2.25mm-11.25mm (such as 7mm), the first operating frequency band can be the 2.4GHz band (such as 2.4GHz-2.4835GHz), the second operating frequency band can be the 5GHz band (such as 5.15GHz-5.85GHz), and the third operating frequency band can be the 6GHz band (such as 5.925GHz-7.125GHz), so that the antenna assembly can cover various frequency bands of WLAN.

[0027] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the second radiator includes a third radiating branch and a fourth radiating branch that are spaced apart, the first feed end is disposed on the third radiating branch, the second feed end is disposed on the fourth radiating branch, and the conductive bridge is coupled to both the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch. By spacing the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch apart, the impedance between the first feed end and the second feed end can be increased, thereby optimizing the differential mode path impedance in the second decoupling mode and improving isolation in the 6 GHz frequency band (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz).

[0028] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the distance between the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch is 0.05-0.25 times (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, etc.) the length of the first radiator. This arrangement can improve the isolation in the 6 GHz frequency band while preventing the distance between the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch from being too large or too small.

[0029] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first feed end includes a first feed branch disposed on the second radiator, and the second feed end includes a second feed branch disposed on the second radiator. The first feed branch and the second feed branch extend away from the second radiator, thereby adjusting the length of the current path on the first antenna and the second antenna. In addition, because the first feed branch and the second feed branch have certain impedances, impedance matching between the first antenna and the second antenna can be achieved through the first feed branch and the second feed branch.

[0030] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a second inductor structure and a third inductor structure, wherein one end of the second inductor structure is coupled to the first feed branch, and the other end of the second inductor structure is grounded; one end of the third inductor structure is coupled to the second feed branch, and the other end of the third inductor structure is grounded. The second inductor structure facilitates grounding of the current in the first antenna, and by reasonably setting the inductance value of the second inductor structure, impedance matching of the first antenna can be achieved. Similarly, the third inductor structure facilitates grounding of the current in the second antenna, and by reasonably setting the inductance value of the third inductor structure, impedance matching of the second antenna can be achieved.

[0031] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first feeding end and the second feeding end are spaced apart along an extension direction of the second radiator, and the distance between the first feeding end and the second feeding end is 0.25-0.5 times the length of the second radiator. For example, the distance between the first feeding end and the second feeding end is approximately 1 / 3 of the length of the second radiator (the distance between the first feeding end and the second feeding end is 1 / 3 ± 3 mm of the length of the second radiator).

[0032] For example, the distance between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal can be 6 mm to 12 mm (e.g., 6 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, etc.). It is understood that by properly setting the distance between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal, as well as the length of the conductive bridge, the current length of the first antenna and the second antenna can be adjusted so that the first antenna and the second antenna can meet the requirements of each decoupling mode.

[0033] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the width of the second radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension is 1 / 3 to 3 times the width of the first radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension, and the width of the second radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension and the width of the first radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension are both greater than or equal to 1 mm. Through the above arrangement, the widths of the first radiator and the second radiator can be reduced while avoiding excessive impedance of the first radiator and the second radiator, thereby reducing the volume of the antenna assembly and facilitating miniaturization of the antenna assembly.

[0034] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the length of the second radiator is less than that of the first radiator, and the ratio of the length of the second radiator to the length of the first radiator may be 0.46-0.66; or the length of the second radiator is greater than that of the first radiator, and the ratio of the length of the first radiator to the length of the second radiator may be 0.46-0.66. Such an arrangement can make the second operating frequency band close to the third operating frequency band, thereby forming a broadband operating frequency band.

[0035] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the antenna assembly further comprises a floor, and the first radiator and the second radiator are both spaced apart from the floor, and a clearance area may be formed between the floor and the first radiator.

[0036] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the second radiator between the first feeding end and the second feeding end is coupled to ground. This configuration facilitates the grounding of currents in the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0037] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a grounding branch, one end of the grounding branch being coupled to the second radiator between the first feed terminal and the second feed terminal, and the other end of the grounding branch being coupled to ground. This arrangement simplifies the structure of the antenna assembly and facilitates fabrication of the antenna assembly.

[0038] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a fourth inductor structure, through which the ground branch is coupled to ground. Exemplarily, the inductance value of the fourth inductor structure may be 1 nH to 5 nH (e.g., 1 nH, 3 nH, 5 nH, etc.). Through the above configuration, the impedance matching of the antenna assembly can be adjusted so that the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4 GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6 GHz band, thereby enabling the antenna assembly to cover various WLAN frequency bands.

[0039] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a capacitor structure, and the second radiator between the first feed end and the second feed end is coupled to ground via the capacitor structure. Exemplarily, the capacitance value of the capacitor structure may be 0.2pF-0.6pF (e.g., 0.2pF, 0.4pF, 0.6pF, etc.). Through the above configuration, the impedance matching of the antenna assembly can be adjusted so that the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6GHz band, so that the antenna assembly can cover various frequency bands of the WLAN.

[0040] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the capacitor structure includes a conductive block coupled to a ground; a capacitor slot is provided on the second radiator between the first feed end and the second feed end, the conductive block is disposed within the capacitor slot, and the conductive block is spaced from the bottom and walls of the capacitor slot. This arrangement forms a capacitor structure between the conductive block and the sidewalls of the capacitor slot, eliminating the need for an additional capacitor structure and simplifying the structure of the antenna assembly. Furthermore, the capacitor block's location within the capacitor slot also improves the compactness of the antenna assembly.

[0041] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, along the extension direction of the first radiator, the difference in length between portions of the first radiator on either side of the conductive bridge is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the first radiator; and along the extension direction of the second radiator, the difference in length between portions of the second radiator on either side of the conductive bridge is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the second radiator. This arrangement results in the antenna assembly having an axisymmetric structure about the axis of symmetry, thereby ensuring that the first antenna and the second antenna have the same structure and dimensions.

[0042] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the difference between the distance between the first feeding terminal and the conductive bridge and the distance between the second feeding terminal and the conductive bridge is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the conductive bridge along the extension direction of the first radiator, so that the distances between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal and the conductive bridge are equal, thereby improving the symmetry of the antenna assembly.

[0043] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the conductive bridge includes a first conductive bridge and a second conductive bridge spaced apart from each other, the first end of the first conductive bridge and the first end of the second conductive bridge both being coupled to the second radiator, the second end of the first conductive bridge being coupled to an end of the first radiating branch proximate to the second radiating branch, and the second end of the second conductive bridge being coupled to an end of the second radiating branch proximate to the first radiating branch; and the difference in length between the first conductive bridge and the second conductive bridge along the extension direction of the first radiator is less than 1 mm. This ensures that the dimensions of the first conductive bridge and the second conductive bridge are substantially equal, further improving the symmetry of the antenna assembly.

[0044] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the first radiator includes a first radiating branch, a second radiating branch and a fifth radiating branch, the conductive bridge includes a first conductive bridge, a second conductive bridge and a third conductive bridge, and the second radiator includes a third radiating branch, a fourth radiating branch and a sixth radiating branch; the first radiating branch, the third radiating branch and the first conductive bridge are located in a first plane, the first radiating branch is coupled to the third radiating branch through the first conductive bridge, and the third radiating branch is provided with a first feeding end; the second radiating branch, the fourth radiating branch and the second conductive bridge are located in a second plane, the second radiating branch is coupled to the fourth radiating branch through the second conductive bridge, and the fourth radiating branch is provided with a second feeding end; the third radiating branch, the sixth radiating branch and the third conductive bridge are located in a third plane, the third radiating branch is coupled to the sixth radiating branch through the third conductive bridge, and the sixth radiating branch is provided with a third feeding end; the first plane, the second plane and the third plane intersect at the same straight line perpendicular to the floor, and the first plane, the second plane and the third plane are symmetrically arranged around the center of the straight line.

[0045] With the above arrangement, the first antenna includes a first feeder, a third radiating branch, a first conductive bridge, and a first radiating branch; the second antenna includes a second feeder, a fourth radiating branch, a second conductive bridge, and a second radiating branch; and the third antenna includes a third feeder, a fifth radiating branch, a third conductive bridge, and a sixth radiating branch. Any one of the first, second, and third antennas can be decoupled from the other two, thereby achieving self-decoupling of the antenna assembly.

[0046] In addition, in an implementation where the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4 GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6 GHz band, and where S11 is less than or equal to -6 dB and S21 is less than or equal to 15 dB, the frequency bands can cover 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz and 4.59 GHz to 9.4 GHz. This antenna assembly has a wide operating frequency band bandwidth while ensuring high isolation (ultra-wideband high-isolation MIMO antenna).

[0047] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna assembly, comprising: a conductive plate, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive bridge; the first radiator comprises a first slot arranged on the conductive plate; the second radiator comprises a second slot arranged on the conductive plate, the second radiator is spaced apart from the first radiator, and a first feeding end and a second feeding end are spaced apart on the conductive plate corresponding to the second radiator; the conductive bridge comprises a third slot arranged between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the third slot is connected to the first slot and the second slot; the antenna assembly comprises a first antenna and a second antenna, the first antenna comprises: a first feeding end, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator, the second antenna comprises a second feeding end, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator, and the operating frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna comprise the same frequency band.

[0048] Through the above setting, when the antenna assembly is fed through the first feeding end or the second feeding end, the first antenna and the second antenna both operate in the same frequency band, and there is a high degree of isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0049] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, comprising a housing and the antenna assembly as described above, wherein the housing is configured to form an installation cavity, and the antenna assembly is disposed in the installation cavity.

[0050] The communication device provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the antenna assembly in any of the above embodiments, so the two can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects.

[0051] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and the communication device as described above, wherein the communication device is arranged on the vehicle body.

[0052] The vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the communication device in any of the above embodiments, so the two can solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] FIG1 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG2 is a first diagram of current flow of an antenna assembly in a first decoupling mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG3 is a second diagram of current flow of the antenna assembly in a first decoupling mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the antenna assembly and the transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG5a is a second structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG5 b is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which the length of the second radiator is greater than the length of the first radiator;

[0059] FIG6 is a first diagram of current flow of an antenna assembly in a second decoupling mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG7 is a second diagram of current flow of the antenna assembly in the second decoupling mode provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG8 is a first diagram showing the current flow of the antenna assembly in the third decoupling mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG9 is a second diagram showing the current flow of the antenna assembly in the third decoupling mode according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG10 is an S-parameter graph of the antenna assembly shown in FIG1 ;

[0064] FIG11 is a graph showing S21 corresponding to different lengths of the second radiator;

[0065] FIG12 is a graph showing S21 of the antenna assembly corresponding to different lengths of the conductive bridge;

[0066] FIG13 is a third structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG14 is an antenna matching diagram 1 of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG15 is an S-parameter graph of the antenna assembly shown in FIG13;

[0069] FIG16 is a graph showing the antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly shown in FIG13 ;

[0070] FIG17 is a directional diagram of the antenna assembly in the first operating frequency band;

[0071] FIG18 is a directional diagram of the antenna assembly in the second operating frequency band;

[0072] FIG19 is a directional diagram of the antenna assembly in the third operating frequency band;

[0073] FIG20 is a fourth structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG21 is a second antenna matching diagram of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG22 is an S-parameter graph of the antenna assembly shown in FIG20 ;

[0076] FIG23 is a graph showing an envelope correlation coefficient of the antenna assembly shown in FIG20 ;

[0077] FIG24 is a fifth structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG25 is a sixth structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG26 is a top view of the antenna assembly shown in FIG25;

[0080] FIG27 is a diagram showing the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the first feeding terminal in the first decoupling mode;

[0081] FIG28 is a diagram showing the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the second feeding terminal in the first decoupling mode;

[0082] FIG29 is a diagram showing the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the first feeding terminal in the second decoupling mode;

[0083] FIG30 is a diagram showing the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the second feeding terminal in the second decoupling mode;

[0084] FIG31 is a diagram showing the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the first feeding terminal in the third decoupling mode;

[0085] FIG32 is a diagram showing the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the second feeding terminal in the fourth decoupling mode;

[0086] FIG33 is a seventh structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG34 is an S-parameter graph of the antenna assembly shown in FIG33 ;

[0088] FIG35 is a structural diagram eight of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0089] FIG36 is a ninth structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0090] FIG37 is a graph showing an S21 parameter curve corresponding to the antenna assembly shown in FIG36 ;

[0091] FIG38 is a structural schematic diagram 10 of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG39 is a third antenna matching diagram of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0093] FIG40 is a graph showing an S21 parameter curve corresponding to the antenna assembly shown in FIG38 ;

[0094] FIG41 is a structural schematic diagram 11 of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG42 is a graph of S-parameters corresponding to the antenna assembly shown in FIG41 ;

[0096] FIG43 is a structural diagram 12 of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] FIG44 is a fourth antenna matching diagram of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] FIG45 is a graph of S-parameters corresponding to the antenna assembly shown in FIG43 ;

[0099] FIG46 is a thirteenth structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG47 is a graph of S-parameters corresponding to the antenna assembly shown in FIG43 ;

[0101] FIG48 is an S-parameter graph of the antenna assembly before and after second grooves are provided at predetermined positions of the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch;

[0102] FIG49 is a schematic diagram showing the efficiency of the antenna assembly after the second groove is provided;

[0103] FIG50 is a structural schematic diagram fourteen of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] FIG51 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of the antenna assembly shown in FIG50 ;

[0105] FIG52 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at 2.45 GHz when a ground branch is provided;

[0106] FIG53 is a current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly at 5.1 GHz when a ground branch is set;

[0107] FIG54 is a diagram showing the current distribution of the antenna assembly at 5.7 GHz when a ground branch is provided;

[0108] FIG55 is a diagram showing the current distribution of the antenna assembly at 7.1 GHz when a ground branch is provided;

[0109] FIG56 is a structural schematic diagram 15 of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] FIG57 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of the antenna assembly shown in FIG56;

[0111] FIG58 is a structural schematic diagram 16 of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] FIG59 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of the antenna assembly shown in FIG58;

[0113] FIG60 is a comparison diagram of S21 curves when the grounding branch is directly grounded, the grounding branch is grounded through the fourth inductor structure, and the grounding branch is grounded through the capacitor structure;

[0114] FIG61 is a structural schematic diagram seventeen of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] FIG62 is a structural schematic diagram eighteen of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0116] FIG63 is a schematic structural diagram of the first radiator and the second radiator in FIG62;

[0117] FIG64 is a fifth antenna matching diagram of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0118] FIG65 is a graph showing an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly shown in FIG62;

[0119] FIG66 is a graph showing antenna efficiency of the antenna assembly shown in FIG62 ;

[0120] FIG67 is a nineteenth structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0121] FIG68 is a top view of the antenna assembly shown in FIG67;

[0122] FIG69 is a schematic structural diagram of the first antenna in FIG67;

[0123] FIG70 is a current distribution diagram when the antenna shown in FIG67 feeds a signal of the first operating frequency band into the first feeding terminal;

[0124] FIG71 is a current distribution diagram when the antenna shown in FIG67 feeds a signal of the second operating frequency band into the first feeding terminal;

[0125] FIG72 is a sixth antenna matching diagram of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0126] FIG73 is a graph showing an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly shown in FIG67;

[0127] Figure 74 is a structural schematic diagram 20 of the antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0128] Description of reference numerals:

[0129] 10: First radiator; 100: First antenna; 101: First radiating branch; 102: Second radiating branch; 103: Second groove; 104: Fifth radiating branch; 110: Transceiver; 111: First transceiver port; 112: Second transceiver port; 113: Third transceiver port; 114: Fourth transceiver port; 120: First switch device; 130: Second switch device; 140: Third switch device; 150: Fourth switch device; 160: First combiner; 170: Second combiner; 20: Second radiator ; 200: second antenna; 201: third radiating branch; 202: fourth radiating branch; 203: first groove; 204: first feeding terminal; 2041: first feeding branch; 2051: second feeding branch; 205: second feeding terminal; 206: sixth radiating branch; 207: second slot; 209: third feeding terminal; 30: conductive bridge; 300: third antenna; 301: first conductive bridge; 302: second conductive bridge; 303: first inductor structure; 304: first fixed branch; 305: second fixed branch; 306: third gap; 309: third conductive bridge; 40: grounding branch; 401: fourth inductor structure; 402: capacitor structure; 403: conductive block; 404: capacitor slot; 50: floor; 60: substrate; 601: bracket; 602: first dielectric plate; 603: second dielectric plate; 604: third dielectric plate; 70: conductive plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0130] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0131] In the following, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0132] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal" and "vertical" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0133] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, an electrical connection, a coupled connection, or a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. Among them, coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as a form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitor through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0134] The capacitance mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to a capacitive component, such as a capacitor element; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap. Lumped capacitance can include fixed capacitance and / or variable capacitance; distributed capacitance can include interdigital capacitance and / or other forms of distributed capacitance.

[0135] The inductance mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be understood as lumped inductance and / or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to an inductive component, such as an inductor; distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a certain length of conductive material, such as the equivalent inductance formed by the curling or rotation of the conductor.

[0136] Radiator, or antenna branch: is a device in the antenna used to receive / send electromagnetic wave radiation. In some cases, "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiator, which converts the guided wave energy from the transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy, which is used to radiate and receive radio waves. The modulated high-frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) generated by the transmitter is transmitted to the transmitting radiator via the feeder line, and is converted by the radiator into a certain polarized electromagnetic wave energy and radiated in the desired direction. The receiving radiator converts the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization from a specific direction in space into modulated high-frequency current energy and transmits it to the receiver input via the feeder line.

[0137] The radiator (or antenna branch) may include a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet-like shape, etc. The present application does not limit the specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a conductive frame, and can also be called a frame antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator can be implemented by a bracket conductor, and can also be called a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator, or the radiator of the linear antenna, has a wire diameter (for example, including thickness and width) much smaller than the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length can be comparable to the wavelength (for example, the wavelength of the medium) (for example, the length is about 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). The main forms of linear antennas include dipole antennas, half-wave oscillator antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas, and inverted F antennas (also known as IFA, Inverted F Antenna). For example, for a dipole antenna, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, and each branch is fed by a feeding portion from the feeding end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F antenna (IFA) can be regarded as a monopole antenna with a ground path added. The IFA antenna has a feeding point and a grounding point, and is called an inverted-F antenna because its side view is an inverted-F shape. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a microstrip antenna, or a patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as a PIFA, Planar Inverted F Antenna). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (such as a conductive sheet or a conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet, etc. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as a silver paste, etc. The shape of the sheet radiator includes circular, rectangular, annular, etc., and the present application does not limit the specific shape. The structure of a microstrip antenna generally consists of a dielectric substrate, a radiator, and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is arranged between the radiator and the floor.

[0138] The radiator (or antenna branch) may also include a slot or slot formed in a conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slot formed in a grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, a slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna / slot antenna is much smaller than the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., less than 1 / 16 of the wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength) (e.g., the length is approximately 1 / 8 of the wavelength, or 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or longer). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slot may be referred to as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator with a semi-closed slot or slot (e.g., a closed slot or slot with an additional opening) may be referred to as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slot is elongated. In some embodiments, the slot is approximately half a wavelength (e.g., the dielectric wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot is approximately an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot can be fed with a transmission line spanning one or both sides, thereby exciting a radio frequency electromagnetic field in the slot and radiating electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a conductive frame with both ends grounded, also known as a frame antenna. In this embodiment, the slot antenna or slot antenna can be considered to include a linear radiator spaced from the floor and grounded at both ends, thereby forming a closed or semi-enclosed slot or slot. In one embodiment, the radiator of a slot antenna or slot antenna can be implemented as a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, also known as a bracket antenna.

[0139] The feed circuit / feed structure is the combination of all antenna components used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency waves. In the case of a receiving antenna, the feed circuit can be considered the portion of the antenna from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the feed circuit can be considered the section after the final power amplifier. In some cases, the term "feed circuit" is narrowly defined to include the RF chip, or the transmission path from the RF chip to the radiator or feed point on the transmission line. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves into electrical signals and transmitting them to the receiver component. Generally, it is considered the part of the antenna responsible for converting radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. Antenna design should consider maximum power transfer potential and efficiency. To achieve this, the antenna feed impedance must be matched to the load resistor. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance, and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer, the two impedances (load resistor and feed impedance) must be matched. This matching can be achieved by considering the frequency requirements and antenna design parameters such as gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency.

[0140] Ground / Floor: This generally refers to at least a portion of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer within an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components. "Ground / Floor" can be used to ground components within the electronic device. In one embodiment, the "ground / floor" can include any one or more of the following: the grounding layer of the electronic device's circuit board, the grounding plate formed by the electronic device's midframe, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film below the screen, the conductive grounding layer of the battery, and conductive or metal parts electrically connected to the above grounding layer / grounding plate / metal layer. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by dielectric or insulating layers such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a trace layer, with the trace layer and the grounding layer being electrically connected via vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0141] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0142] Grounding refers to coupling to the ground / floor in any manner. In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through physical grounding, such as physical grounding at a specific location on the frame using a portion of the midframe's structural components (or referred to as a physical ground). In one embodiment, grounding can be achieved through device grounding, such as through a series or parallel connection of a capacitor, inductor, or resistor (or referred to as a device ground).

[0143] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency may have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency may be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency may be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or in other words, the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator may generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode may generate a corresponding fundamental mode resonance.

[0144] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0145] Communication frequency band / working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band has an operating frequency band that includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the antenna's operating frequency band. The width of the operating frequency band is called the operating bandwidth. The operating bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The operating bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. The bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (for example, the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable value range of the center frequency.

[0146] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may overlap one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0147] Electrical length: Electrical length can be expressed as the ratio of the physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) multiplied by the transmission time of an electrical or electromagnetic signal in a medium to the time required for the signal to travel the same distance as the physical length of the medium in free space. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0148] Where L is the physical length, a is the propagation time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the propagation time in free space.

[0149] Alternatively, electrical length can also refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e., mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0150] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0151] In some embodiments of the present application, the physical length of the radiator may be understood as being within ±20%, or within ±10%, or within ±5% of the electrical length of the radiator.

[0152] In the embodiments of the present application, the wavelength in a certain wavelength mode (such as a half-wavelength mode) of an antenna may refer to the wavelength of a signal radiated by the antenna. For example, the half-wavelength mode of a suspended metal antenna may resonate in the 1.575 GHz frequency band, where the wavelength in the half-wavelength mode refers to the wavelength of a signal radiated by the antenna in the 1.575 GHz frequency band.

[0153] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0154] It should be understood that the wavelength of the radiation signal in air can be calculated as follows: (wavelength in air, or wavelength in vacuum) = speed of light / frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiation signal (MHz) and the speed of light can be taken as 3×108 m / s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Wherein, ε is the relative dielectric constant of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiments of the present application generally refers to the dielectric wavelength, which can be the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency, or the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the wavelength can be the dielectric wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, "dielectric wavelength" can also refer to the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or the working frequency band. For ease of understanding, the dielectric wavelength mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be simply calculated by the relative dielectric constant of the medium filled on one or more sides of the radiator.

[0155] End / point: The "end / point" in the first end / second end / feeding end / grounding end / feeding point / grounding point / connection point of an antenna radiator should not be narrowly understood as an end point or end portion that is physically disconnected from other radiators. It can also be considered as a point or section on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end / point" may include a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to other conductive structures. For example, a feeding end / feeding point may be a coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a feeding structure or feeding circuit (for example, an area facing a portion of the feeding circuit). For another example, a grounding end / grounding point may be a connection / coupling area on an antenna radiator that is coupled to a grounding structure or grounding circuit.

[0156] Open end, closed end: In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end / grounded end are, for example, relative to whether they are grounded. The closed end is grounded, and the open end is not grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and / or the closed end are, for example, relative to other conductors. The closed end is electrically connected to other conductors, and the open end is not electrically connected to other conductors. In one embodiment, the open end can also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open-circuit end. In one embodiment, the closed end can also be referred to as a grounded end or a short-circuit end. It should be understood that in some embodiments, other conductors can be coupled through the open end to transfer coupling energy (which can be understood as transferring current).

[0157] In some embodiments, the "closed end" can also be understood from the perspective of current distribution. The closed end or the grounded end can be understood as a point with larger current on the radiator, or as a point with smaller electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the closed end. In one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of larger current / smaller electric field can be maintained by opening a gap at or near the closed end (for example, a gap filled with insulating material).

[0158] In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" can also be viewed from the perspective of current distribution. The open end or floating end can be understood as a point with low current on the radiator, or as a point with high electric field on the radiator. In one embodiment, coupling electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) through the open end can maintain the current distribution characteristics of the low current point / high electric field point.

[0159] It should be understood that coupling the radiator end at a gap (from the perspective of the radiator structure, it is similar to the radiator at the opening of the open end or the suspended end) with electronic devices (for example, capacitors, inductors, etc.) can make the radiator end a point with larger current / smaller electric field. In this case, it should be understood that the radiator end at the gap is actually a closed end or a grounded end, etc.

[0160] The limitations on position and distance such as the middle or middle position mentioned in the embodiments of the present application all represent a certain range. For example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion including the midpoint on the conductor, or a conductor portion of one-eighth of the wavelength including the midpoint of the conductor, wherein the wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the antenna, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point. For another example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion on the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (for example, 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint. The middle position of the slot or the middle position of one side of the slot refers to the middle position of one side of the slot.

[0161] The limitations such as coplanarity, symmetry (for example, axisymmetry, or center symmetry, etc.), parallelism, and perpendicularity mentioned in the embodiments of this application are all based on the current technological level, rather than being absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold between the two coplanar radiating branches or the edges of the two antenna units in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar planes. There may be a deviation of a predetermined angle between two antenna units that are parallel or perpendicular to each other. In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold may be less than or equal to a threshold of 1 mm, for example, the predetermined threshold may be 0.5 mm, or may be 0.1 mm. In one embodiment, the predetermined angle may be an angle within the range of ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0162] The current unidirectional / reverse distribution, or unidirectional current / reverse current mentioned in the embodiments of the present application should be understood as the direction of the main current on the conductor on the same side being unidirectional / reverse. For example, when unidirectional distributed current is excited on a conductor that is bent or annular (for example, the current path is also bent or annular), it should be understood that, for example, the main current excited on the conductors on both sides of the annular conductor (for example, a conductor surrounding a gap, on the conductors on both sides of the gap) is opposite in direction, but still falls within the definition of unidirectional distributed current in the present application. In one embodiment, the unidirectional current on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having no reversal point. In one embodiment, the reversal of current on a conductor may refer to the current on the conductor having at least one reversal point. In one embodiment, the unidirectional current on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in the same direction. In one embodiment, the reversal of current on two conductors may refer to the current on both conductors having no reversal point and flowing in opposite directions. The unidirectional / reversal of current on multiple conductors can be understood accordingly.

[0163] The same operating frequency band (also referred to as same frequency) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as any one of the following two situations:

[0164] 1) The operating frequency band of the first antenna and the operating frequency band of the second antenna include the same communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the first antenna and the second antenna both serve as subunits in a MIMO antenna system. For example, the operating frequency band of the first antenna and the operating frequency band of the second antenna both include the sub6GHz band of 5G.

[0165] 2) The operating frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna partially overlap. For example, the operating frequency band of the first antenna includes LTE B35 (1.85-1.91 GHz), and the operating frequency band of the second antenna includes LTE B39 (1.88-1.92 GHz).

[0166] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0167] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, a type of S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient and can characterize the antenna's transmission efficiency.

[0168] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the portion of the resonance shown in the S11 diagram that is less than -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss and the less energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the antenna system efficiency. The larger the S11 parameter, the greater the antenna return loss and the lower the antenna system efficiency.

[0169] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -6dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0170] Isolation refers to the ratio of the signal received by one antenna to the signal from the transmitting antenna. Isolation is a physical quantity used to measure the degree of antenna mutual coupling. Assuming two antennas form a two-port network, the isolation between the two antennas is the S21 and S12 parameters between the antennas. Antenna isolation can be represented by the S21 and S12 parameters, which are also a type of S parameter. The S21 and S12 parameters are usually negative numbers. Smaller S21 and S12 parameters indicate greater isolation and less mutual coupling between antennas. Larger S21 and S12 parameters indicate less isolation and greater mutual coupling between antennas. Antenna isolation depends on the antenna radiation pattern, the spatial distance between the antennas, and the antenna gain.

[0171] The Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) indicates the degree of independence of the radiation patterns of two antennas. If one antenna is completely horizontally polarized and the other is completely vertically polarized, the correlation between the two antennas is essentially zero. Similarly, if one antenna radiates energy only to the sky and the other radiates energy only to the ground, the ECC of these antennas is also essentially zero. Therefore, the envelope correlation coefficient takes into account the shape of the antenna's radiation pattern, polarization, and even the relative phase of the field between the two antennas. ECC generally characterizes the relationship between the two antennas. For a MIMO antenna system, multiple sets of ECC can be used to characterize the independence between the antennas. For example, a MIMO antenna with an ECC below 0.5 can work "relatively well".

[0172] Ground state: corresponds to a section of radiator, or the lowest frequency resonance generated by a radiator in a certain antenna mode. Among them, "ground state position" or "ground state resonant frequency" refers to the frequency range or resonant frequency corresponding to the ground state of the radiator in a specific antenna mode (for example, the lowest frequency resonance generated). "Ground state" can also be called "fundamental mode". Corresponding to the "ground state" are "higher order" or "higher-order mode / higher-order mode", or can also be called "frequency doubling" (for example, triple frequency, quintuplicate frequency). Unless otherwise specified, the "resonance" in the embodiments of the present application refers to the resonance in the ground state, or the resonance generated by the fundamental mode. In the embodiments of the present application, "higher-order mode corresponding to the first resonance" should be understood as at least one higher-order mode generated by the antenna mode corresponding to the first resonance.

[0173] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to electronic devices that adopt one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology, and other future communication technologies. The communication devices in the embodiments of the present application can be telematics-BOX (T-BOX), routers, mobile phones, tablet computers, customer premises equipment (CPE), smart bracelets, smart watches, smart helmets, smart glasses, etc. The communication devices can also be handheld devices with wireless communication functions, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, electronic devices in 5G networks, or electronic devices in future public land mobile networks (PLMN), etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0174] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna assembly that can be used on a communication device to transmit and receive signals. For example, the communication device may include a housing that defines a mounting cavity, and the antenna assembly may be disposed within the housing, with the housing securing and sealing the antenna assembly.

[0175] In an implementation in which the communication device includes a telematics processor, the telematics processor is disposed on a vehicle. Exemplarily, the vehicle includes a vehicle body, which encloses a driver's cab and a passenger cabin, and the telematics processor may be disposed in the driver's cab; alternatively, a rear window may be provided on the vehicle body at the rear of the passenger cabin, and a rear spoiler may be provided on the upper portion of the rear window, and the telematics processor may also be disposed on the rear spoiler. The rear spoiler is located outside the vehicle body. The telematics processor is disposed on the rear spoiler, which can avoid signal obstruction by the metal vehicle body, thereby improving communication quality.

[0176] In the above implementation, the vehicle also includes an on-board host, which is electrically connected to the telematics processor. The on-board host can communicate with user terminals, satellites, communication base stations and other devices through the telematics processor. The on-board host can also locate and navigate the vehicle through the telematics processor.

[0177] Referring to Figure 1 , the antenna assembly in the embodiment of the present application includes a first radiator 10 and a second radiator 20, which are spaced apart from each other and are conductive. For example, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be made of metals such as stainless steel, copper, and aluminum. Of course, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can also be made of other non-metallic conductive materials. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the materials of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, as long as the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are conductive. It is understood that the materials of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be the same or different.

[0178] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the shapes of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. For example, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be regular shapes such as plates, columns, or strips. The following description will use the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 as an example in which both the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are plate-shaped. Of course, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can also be other irregular shapes, and the shapes of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be the same or different. It is understood that the plate-shaped embodiment of the present application can be a sheet whose thickness is less than both its width and length.

[0179] The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be located in the same plane, or alternatively, in different planes. In an implementation where the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are located in the same plane, the first radiator 10 extends in the same direction as the second radiator 20 (both the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 extend in the horizontal direction in FIG. 1 ); a gap is provided between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction (the vertical direction in FIG. 1 ), so that the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are spaced apart.

[0180] Continuing with FIG. 1 , in this embodiment of the present application, the antenna assembly further includes a conductive bridge 30 disposed between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. A first end of the conductive bridge 30, proximate to the first radiator 10, is coupled to the first radiator 10, while a second end of the conductive bridge 30, proximate to the second radiator 20, is coupled to the second radiator 20. The conductive bridge 30 enables connection between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. For example, the conductive bridge 30 can be made of the same material as the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. Of course, the conductive bridge 30 can also be made of a different material than the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the material of the conductive bridge 30.

[0181] The second radiator 20 is provided with a first feeding end 204 and a second feeding end 205 spaced apart. For example, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 can be provided on a side of the second radiator 20 facing away from the first radiator 10. Of course, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 can also be provided on a side of the second radiator 20 closer to the first radiator 10, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. The first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 can be spaced apart and arranged substantially along the extension direction of the second radiator 20.

[0182] The first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 are used to receive feed signals. For example, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 can be electrically connected to a transceiver, and the transceiver can transmit signals to the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 through the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205. Of course, the transceiver can also receive signals from the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 through the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 to realize signal sending and receiving.

[0183] It is understood that the first feed end 204 and the second feed end 205 can receive signals from different feed sources (such as transceivers), and the first feed end 204 and the second feed end 205 correspond to different RF channels. For example, the first feed end 204 and the second feed end 205 can be coupled to different matching circuits.

[0184] In the embodiment of the present application, the first radiator 10 has a first open end and a second open end, which may be disposed opposite each other. The conductive bridge 30 is coupled to the first radiator 10 between the first open end and the second open end. Similarly, the second radiator 20 also has a first open end and a second open end, which may be disposed opposite each other. The conductive bridge 30 is coupled to the second radiator 20 between the first open end and the second open end. The first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 may be located between the first open end and the second open end of the second radiator 20.

[0185] In the above implementation, the conductive bridge 30 realizes an electrical connection between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. Accordingly, the antenna assembly includes a first antenna 100 and a second antenna 200. The first antenna 100 includes a first feeding terminal 204, a first radiator 10, a conductive bridge 30, and a second radiator 20. The second antenna 200 includes a second feeding terminal 205, a first radiator 10, a conductive bridge 30, and a second radiator 20. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 may also include the same frequency band. In other words, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 overlap. In one embodiment, this can expand the bandwidth of the antenna assembly. On the other hand, when the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 operate in the same frequency band, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can also simultaneously transmit or receive signals carrying different information (i.e., the antenna assembly is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system), thereby increasing channel capacity.

[0186] It is understood that the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can operate simultaneously or independently. That is, signals can be fed to the first feed terminal 204 and the second feed terminal 205 simultaneously, or signals can be fed to either the first feed terminal 204 or the second feed terminal 205. When signals are fed to the first feed terminal 204 or the second feed terminal 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. By superimposing the differential-mode current and the common-mode current, decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 is achieved. This decoupling mode utilizes a mode cancel method (MCM).

[0187] 2 , illustratively, when a signal is fed into the first feeding terminal 204 , the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The differential-mode current and the common-mode current have the same direction at the first feeding terminal 204 and are retained after superposition. The differential-mode current and the common-mode current have opposite directions and are approximately equal in magnitude at the second feeding terminal 205. After superposition, the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is zero or near zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, improving isolation between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, and achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0188] Similarly, referring to FIG. 3 , when a signal is fed into the second feeding terminal 205 , the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The differential-mode current and the common-mode current have the same direction at the second feeding terminal 205 and are retained after superposition. The differential-mode current and the common-mode current have opposite directions and are approximately equal in magnitude at the first feeding terminal 204. After superposition, the current at the first feeding terminal 204 is zero or near zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, improving isolation between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, and achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0189] Since, when a signal is fed into the first feeding terminal 204 or the second feeding terminal 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current, decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can be achieved through the superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current, that is, self-decoupling of the antenna assembly; therefore, when the first antenna 100 works alone, it will not be interfered with by the second antenna 200; when the second antenna 200 works alone, it will not be interfered with by the first antenna 100; when the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 work simultaneously, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 will not interfere with each other.

[0190] Referring to FIG. 4 , in an embodiment of the present application, a communication device may include a transceiver 110, a first switch device 120, a second switch device 130, a third switch device 140, a fourth switch device 150, a first combiner 160, and a second combiner 170. The transceiver 110 may include a first transceiver port 111, a second transceiver port 112, a third transceiver port 113, and a fourth transceiver port 114. The first transceiver port 111 is connected to the first combiner 160 via the first switch device 120, the second switch device 130 is connected to the first combiner 160 via the second switch device 130, and the first combiner 160 is connected to the first feeding terminal 204. The signal frequencies corresponding to the first transceiver port 111 and the second transceiver port 112 may be different. For example, the first transceiver port 111 may receive and transmit signals in a first operating frequency band, and the second transceiver port 112 may receive and transmit signals in a second operating frequency band, where the second operating frequency band is higher than the first operating frequency band. Through the first switch device 120, the second switch device 130 and the first combiner 160, the first transceiver port 111 and the second transceiver port 112 can transmit signals to the first feeding end 204 at the same time or at different times, or the first transceiver port 111 and the second transceiver port 112 can receive signals from the first feeding end 204 at the same time or at different times.

[0191] Similarly, the signal frequencies corresponding to the third transceiver port 113 and the fourth transceiver port 114 can be different. For example, the third transceiver port 113 can receive and transmit signals in the first operating frequency band, and the fourth transceiver port 114 can receive and transmit signals in the second operating frequency band. Through the third switch device 140, the fourth switch device 150, and the second combiner 170, the third transceiver port 113 and the fourth transceiver port 114 can transmit signals to the second feeder 205 at the same time or at different times, or the third transceiver port 113 and the fourth transceiver port 114 can receive signals from the second feeder 205 at the same time or at different times. In addition, the first feeder 204 and the second feeder 205 can also receive feed signals at the same time or at different times, or the first feeder 204 and the second feeder 205 can send signals to the corresponding combiner at the same time or at different times.

[0192] Due to the self-decoupling of the antenna assembly, during the above process, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 do not interfere with each other, thereby improving the isolation of the antenna assembly and also improving the performance of the antenna assembly.

[0193] Continuing with reference to Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 can both be parts of the second radiator 20, and accordingly, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 corresponding to the parts of the second radiator 20 are arranged at intervals; of course, the first feeding end 204 can also include a first protrusion arranged on the second radiator 20, and the second feeding end 205 includes a second protrusion arranged on the second radiator 20, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion are arranged at intervals.

[0194] Referring to Figure 5a, in some embodiments, the first feeding end 204 includes a first feeding branch 2041 disposed on the second radiator 20, and the second feeding end 205 includes a second feeding branch 2051 disposed on the second radiator 20. The first feeding branch 2041 and the second feeding branch 2051 extend away from the second radiator 20, thereby adjusting the current path length on the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200. In addition, since the first feeding branch 2041 and the second branch have a certain impedance, impedance matching between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can be achieved through the first feeding branch 2041 and the second feeding branch 2051.

[0195] It can be understood that by reasonably setting the extension length of the first feeding branch node 2041 and / or the width of the first feeding branch node 2041 along the direction perpendicular to the extension, the impedance of the first feeding branch node 2041 can be adjusted to achieve impedance matching of the first antenna 100; similarly, by reasonably setting the extension length of the second feeding branch node 2051 and / or the width of the second feeding branch node 2051 along the direction perpendicular to the extension, the impedance of the second feeding branch node 2051 can be adjusted to achieve impedance matching of the second antenna 200.

[0196] In some implementations, the antenna assembly may further include a second inductor structure, one end of which is coupled to the first feed branch 2041, and the other end of which is grounded. The second inductor structure facilitates grounding of the current in the first antenna 100, and by properly setting the inductance value of the second inductor structure, impedance matching of the first antenna 100 can be achieved. Similarly, the antenna assembly may further include a third inductor structure, one end of which is coupled to the second feed branch 2051, and the other end of which is grounded. The third inductor structure facilitates grounding of the current in the second antenna 200, and by properly setting the inductance value of the third inductor structure, impedance matching of the second antenna 200 can be achieved.

[0197] For example, the communication device may include a floor, and the other end of the second inductor structure may be coupled to the floor to achieve grounding of the second inductor structure. Similarly, the other end of the third inductor structure may also be coupled to the floor to achieve grounding of the third inductor structure. The floor may be disposed on a PCB of the communication device, or alternatively, may be another grounded and conductive surface.

[0198] In the embodiment of the present application, the second inductor structure and the third inductor structure may include inductors. Of course, the second inductor structure and the third inductor structure may also include structures with a certain impedance, such as a conductor of a certain length. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the second inductor structure and the third inductor structure. It is understood that the second inductor structure and the third inductor structure may be disposed on a PCB board. Of course, the second inductor structure and the third inductor structure may also be disposed off the PCB board. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the location of the second inductor structure and the third inductor structure.

[0199] In an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, a first radiator 10 and a second radiator 20 are arranged at intervals, a first feeding terminal 204 and a second feeding terminal 205 are arranged at intervals on the second radiator 20, and a conductive bridge 30 is arranged between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, one end of the conductive bridge 30 is coupled and connected to the first radiator 10, and the other end of the conductive bridge 30 is coupled and connected to the second radiator 20; so that the antenna assembly includes a first antenna 100 and a second antenna 200, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 include the same frequency band, the first antenna 100 includes a first feeding terminal 204, a first radiator 10, a conductive bridge 30, and a second radiator 20, and the second antenna 200 includes a second feeding terminal 205, a first radiator 10, a conductive bridge 30, and a second radiator 20. When the antenna assembly is fed through the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 both operate in the same frequency band, and there is a high degree of isolation between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0200] Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 share the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, which can reduce the space occupied by the antenna assembly (e.g., by approximately 50%), thereby facilitating miniaturization of the antenna assembly. Since the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 share the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, the production cost of the antenna assembly can also be reduced (e.g., by approximately 50%).

[0201] In an embodiment of the present application, the antenna assembly can have multiple decoupling modes, each corresponding to a different operating frequency band, allowing the antenna assembly to operate in different operating frequency bands, thereby increasing the bandwidth of the antenna assembly. A decoupling mode refers to the operating mode of the antenna assembly. For example, when the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 operate in the same frequency band, the first antenna 100 resonates in that frequency band, and the second antenna 200 resonates in that frequency band. The respective antenna modes of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, respectively, resonating in the same frequency band, are decoupled, resulting in high isolation. The resonant frequencies of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 are within the operating frequency band.

[0202] In some implementations, the antenna assembly includes a first decoupling mode and a second decoupling mode. Accordingly, the operating frequency band of the antenna assembly includes a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band, the first decoupling mode corresponds to the first operating frequency band, and the second decoupling mode corresponds to the second operating frequency band. In one embodiment, the first operating frequency band is different from the second operating frequency band. In one embodiment, the center frequency f1 of the first operating frequency band is less than the center frequency f2 of the second operating frequency band. In one embodiment, the center frequency f1 of the first operating frequency band is greater than the center frequency f2 of the second operating frequency band. With such a configuration, the antenna assembly can operate in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, so that the antenna assembly has a larger bandwidth.

[0203] In some embodiments, the antenna assembly further includes a third decoupling mode. Accordingly, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 further include a third operating frequency band, and the center frequency of the third operating frequency band is greater than the center frequency f1 of the first operating frequency band and the center frequency of the second operating frequency band. This configuration can further increase the bandwidth covered by the antenna assembly.

[0204] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the first operating frequency band, the second operating frequency band, and the third operating frequency band. For example, the antenna assembly can be used for wireless network communication (Wi-Fi). Accordingly, the antenna assembly can be used to establish a wireless local area network (WLAN) to achieve wireless communication between the communication device and other devices. The first operating frequency band can be a 2.4 GHz frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz), the second operating frequency band can be a 5 GHz frequency band (e.g., 5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz), and the third operating frequency band can be a 6 GHz frequency band (e.g., 5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz). This allows the antenna assembly to cover all frequency bands of the WLAN, thereby improving the bandwidth and adaptability of the antenna assembly and the communication device.

[0205] In an implementation where the antenna assembly further includes a third decoupling mode, the ratio between the second operating frequency band and the first operating frequency band can be 1.68-2.8 (e.g., 1.68, 2, 2.5, 2.8, etc.), which can bring the second operating frequency band and the third operating frequency band closer together, thereby forming a broadband operating frequency band. "The ratio between the second operating frequency band and the first operating frequency band can be 1.68-2.8" can be understood as follows: in one embodiment, the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the first operating frequency band, and the frequency ratio of the center frequency of the second operating frequency band to the center frequency of the first operating frequency band is 1.68-2.8 (e.g., 1.68, 2, 2.5, 2.8, etc.); or, in one embodiment, the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is less than the center frequency of the first operating frequency band, and the frequency ratio of the center frequency of the first operating frequency band to the center frequency of the second operating frequency band is 1.68-2.8 (e.g., 1.68, 2, 2.5, 2.8, etc.).

[0206] It will be appreciated that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the length relationship between the first radiator and the second radiator. As shown in FIG1 , the length of the first radiator 10 can be greater than the length of the second radiator 20. Of course, as shown in FIG5 b , the length of the first radiator 10 can be less than the length of the second radiator 20. The lengths of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be appropriately set based on the operating frequency band of the antenna assembly.

[0207] In the embodiment of the present application, the structures of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 can be various, which will be described below in multiple scenarios:

[0208] Scene 1

[0209] Continuing with reference to FIG1 , in this scenario, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 may both be plate-shaped, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are located in the same plane, and the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 have the same extension direction, that is, the long sides of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are arranged in parallel.

[0210] Figure 10 is an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly, where curve S11 is the reflection coefficient curve, S21 is the transmission coefficient curve, and S12 and S22 are the scattering coefficient curves. It can be seen from curve S12 that the S parameter between point 1 and point 2 is less than or equal to -16dB, the S parameter between point 3 and point 4 is less than or equal to -15dB, and the S parameter between point 5 and point 6 is less than or equal to -13.5dB. Therefore, the first operating frequency band is the 2.4GHz band (such as the center frequency of 2.4GHz-2.4835GHz), the second operating frequency band is the 5GHz band (such as the center frequency of 5.15GHz-5.85GHz), and the third operating frequency band is the 6GHz band (such as the center frequency of 5.925GHz-7.125GHz). It can be seen that the operating frequency bands of the antenna assembly cover all frequency bands of WLAN.

[0211] In some embodiments, the 2.4 GHz frequency band may refer to a frequency band of 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz. In some embodiments, the 5 GHz frequency band may refer to a frequency band of 5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz. In some embodiments, the 6 GHz frequency band may refer to a frequency band of 5.925 GHz to 7.125 GHz.

[0212] Continuing with FIG1 , in some implementations, the length L1 (dimension along the extension direction) of the first radiator 10 can be greater than the length L2 (dimension along the extension direction) of the second radiator 20, and the ratio of the length L2 of the second radiator 20 to the length L1 of the first radiator 10 can be 0.46-0.66 (e.g., 0.46, 0.5, 0.66, etc.); in some implementations, the length L1 (dimension along the extension direction) of the first radiator 10 can be less than the length L2 (dimension along the extension direction) of the second radiator 20, and the ratio of the length L1 of the first radiator 10 to the length L2 of the second radiator 20 can be 0.46-0.66 (e.g., 0.46, 0.5, 0.66, etc.). This configuration can make the second operating frequency band close to the third operating frequency band, thereby forming a broadband operating frequency band. For example, the length L1 of the first radiator 10 can be 40 mm to 50 mm (e.g., 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, etc.), and the length L2 of the second radiator 20 can be 18 mm to 30 mm (e.g., 18 mm, 24 mm, 30 mm, etc.). When the length L1 of the first radiator 10 is 45 mm, it is 0.36 times the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of 2.4 GHz (125 mm), and its length is less than half the length of the wavelength. This makes the length L1 of the first radiator 10 shorter, reduces the space occupied by the antenna assembly, and facilitates the miniaturization of the antenna assembly.

[0213] Figure 11 is an S21 curve corresponding to different lengths of the second radiator 20 when the length of the first radiator 10 is 45 mm. It can be seen from Figure 11 that when the length of the second radiator 20 is 24 mm, the second working frequency band and the third working frequency band are closest, thereby forming a broadband working frequency band.

[0214] In other implementations, the length of the first radiator 10 may be less than or equal to the length of the second radiator 20. This scenario does not impose any restrictions on the length relationship between the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, as long as the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 are of sufficient length to meet the current distribution requirements on the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0215] Continuing with Figure 1 , in this scenario, the width D2 (the dimension perpendicular to the extension direction) of the second radiator 20 is 1 / 3 to 3 times the width D1 (the dimension perpendicular to the extension direction) of the first radiator 10. For example, the width D2 of the second radiator 20 is 0.5 to 2 times the width D1 of the first radiator 10. For example, the width D1 of the first radiator 10 may be 2 mm to 5 mm (e.g., 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, etc.), and the width D2 of the second radiator 20 may be 3 mm to 8 mm (e.g., 3 mm, 5.5 mm, 8 mm, etc.).

[0216] It is understood that the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 must have a certain width to prevent the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 from having excessive impedance. For example, the width D1 of the first radiator 10 and the width D2 of the second radiator 20 must be greater than or equal to 1 mm. This configuration can reduce the width of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 while preventing excessive impedance, thereby reducing the volume of the antenna assembly and facilitating miniaturization of the antenna assembly.

[0217] In this scenario, the length L3 of the conductive bridge 30 along the extension direction of the second radiator 20 is 0.05-0.25 times the length L1 of the first radiator 10. For example, when the length L1 of the first radiator 10 is 45 mm, the length L3 of the conductive bridge 30 can be 2.25 mm-11.25 mm (e.g., 2.25 mm, 7 mm, 11.25 mm, etc.). It will be appreciated that in an implementation in which the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302, the length L3 of the conductive bridge 30 along the extension direction of the second radiator 20 is the sum of the length of the first conductive bridge 301 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10, the length of the second conductive bridge 302 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10, and the distance between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302.

[0218] FIG12 shows a graph of the S21 of the antenna assembly corresponding to different lengths of the conductive bridge 30. FIG12 shows that if the length of the conductive bridge 30 is too small, the impedance of the conductive bridge 30 is too large, thereby causing the first, second, and third operating frequency bands to shift toward low frequencies. If the length of the conductive bridge 30 is too large, the impedance of the conductive bridge 30 is too small, thereby causing the first, second, and third operating frequency bands to shift toward high frequencies. By setting the length of the conductive bridge 30 to be 2.25 mm to 11.25 mm (e.g., 7 mm), the first operating frequency band can be set to the 2.4 GHz band (e.g., the frequency band 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz), the second operating frequency band can be set to the 5 GHz band (e.g., the frequency band 5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz), and the third operating frequency band can be set to the 6 GHz band (e.g., the frequency band 5.925 GHz to 7.125 GHz), thereby enabling the antenna assembly to cover all WLAN frequency bands.

[0219] Continuing with reference to FIG1 , in some implementations, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second radiator 20, and the distance L4 between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 is approximately 0.25-0.5 times the length L2 of the second radiator 20. For example, the distance L4 between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 is approximately 1 / 3 of the length L2 of the second radiator 20 (the distance L4 between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 is 1 / 3±3 mm of the length of the second radiator 20).

[0220] For example, the distance L4 between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 can be 6 mm to 12 mm (e.g., 6 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, etc.). It will be appreciated that by properly setting the distance between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205, as well as the length of the conductive bridge 30, the current length of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can be adjusted so that the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can meet the requirements of each decoupling mode.

[0221] In this scenario, the conductive bridge 30 is located in the middle of the first radiator 10 along its extension direction. Simultaneously, the conductive bridge 30 is also located in the middle of the second radiator 20 along its extension direction. That is, the conductive bridge 30, the first radiator 10, and the second radiator 20 are all axisymmetric structures, with the axis of symmetry (the thin dotted line in FIG1 ) being a straight line perpendicular to the extension direction of the first radiator 10. The first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 are equidistant from the axis of symmetry. The first feeding terminal 204 is located on one side (the right side) of the axis of symmetry, while the second feeding terminal 205 is located on the other side (the left side) of the axis of symmetry. The projection of the conductive bridge 30 on the second radiator 20 can be located between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205.

[0222] For example, along the extension direction of the first radiator 10, the difference in length between portions of the first radiator 10 on either side of the conductive bridge 30 is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the first radiator 10; and along the extension direction of the second radiator 20, the difference in length between portions of the second radiator 20 on either side of the conductive bridge 30 is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the second radiator 20. This arrangement results in an axisymmetric structure of the antenna assembly about the axis of symmetry, thereby ensuring that the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 have the same structure and dimensions.

[0223] In some embodiments, the difference between the distance between the first feeding terminal 204 and the conductive bridge 30 and the distance between the second feeding terminal 205 and the conductive bridge 30 is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the conductive bridge 30 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10. This ensures that the distances between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 and the conductive bridge 30 are equal, thereby improving the symmetry of the antenna assembly. It will be understood that the distance between the first feeding terminal 204 and the conductive bridge 30 is the shortest distance between the first feeding terminal 204 and the conductive bridge 30; similarly, the distance between the second feeding terminal 205 and the conductive bridge 30 is the shortest distance between the second feeding terminal 205 and the conductive bridge 30.

[0224] In an implementation in which the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302 that are spaced apart, the difference in length between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10 is less than 1 mm, so that the sizes of the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 are roughly equal, further improving the symmetry of the antenna assembly.

[0225] As shown in FIG5a , in an implementation in which the first feeding end 204 includes a first feeding branch 2041 and the second feeding end 205 includes a second feeding branch 2051, the first feeding branch 2041 and the second feeding branch 2051 can be arranged on a side of the second radiator 20 away from the first radiator 10, and the length L5 of the first feeding branch 2041 and the second feeding branch 2051 along a direction parallel to the extension of the second radiator 20 can be 0.5 mm to 3 mm (e.g., 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 3 mm, etc.). Reasonable setting of the length and width (dimensions along a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the second radiating branch 102) of the first feeding branch 2041 and the second feeding branch 2051 can facilitate impedance matching of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 while adjusting the electrical length of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0226] Continuing with Figures 1 and 5a, in this scenario, the first radiator 10 may include a first radiating branch 101 located on one side of the conductive bridge 30, and a second radiating branch 102 located on the other side of the conductive bridge 30. The conductive bridge 30 is coupled to the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102. The first radiating branch 101 may be disposed near the first feeding terminal 204, and the second radiating branch 102 may be disposed near the second feeding terminal 205. Accordingly, the first antenna 100 includes the first feeding terminal 204, the second radiator 20, the conductive bridge 30, and the first radiating branch 101. The second antenna 200 includes the second feeding terminal 205, the second radiator 20, the conductive bridge 30, and the second radiating branch 102.

[0227] It is understood that as shown in FIG1 , one side of the conductive bridge 30 may be the right side of the center line (the thin dotted line in FIG1 ) of the conductive bridge 30 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10, and correspondingly, the other side of the conductive bridge 30 is the left side of the center line of the conductive bridge 30. The first radiating branch 101 is the portion of the first radiator 10 to the right of the center line, and the second radiator 20 is the portion of the first radiator 10 to the left of the center line.

[0228] In the above implementation, the end of the first radiating branch 101 close to the second radiating branch 102 is connected to the end of the second radiating branch 102 close to the first radiating branch 101. Exemplarily, the first radiator 10 further includes a connecting branch, which is arranged between the end of the first radiating branch 101 close to the second radiating branch 102 and the end of the second radiating branch 102 close to the first radiating branch 101. The connecting branch connects the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102. Through the above arrangement, the impedance between the conductive bridge 30 and the first radiating branch 101, as well as the impedance between the conductive bridge 30 and the second radiating branch 102, can be reduced.

[0229] In one embodiment, the connecting branch, the first radiating branch 101, and the second radiating branch 102 can be an integral structure to simplify the manufacturing difficulty of the antenna assembly. In one embodiment, the integral structure can be understood as a structure implemented in the same process. When the connecting branch, the first radiating branch 101, and the second radiating branch 102 are an integral structure, the connecting branch can be regarded as a portion of the first radiator 10 near the above-mentioned center line (the thin dotted line in Figure 1). For example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 1, in the direction of extension of the center line, the portion of the first radiator 10 that overlaps (can also be understood as connected) with the conductive bridge can be regarded as a connecting branch; the portion of the first radiator to the right of the connecting branch is the first radiating branch 101; and the portion of the first radiator to the left of the connecting branch is the second radiating branch 102. For another example, in the embodiment shown in Figure 5a, in the extension direction of the center line, the part of the first radiator 10 that does not coincide with the conductive bridge at the center line (can also be understood as not connected) can be regarded as a connecting branch; the part of the first radiator on the right side of the connecting branch is the first radiating branch 101; the part of the first radiator on the left side of the connecting branch is the second radiating branch 102.

[0230] In one embodiment, any two or more of the connecting branch, the first radiating branch 101, the second radiating branch 102, the conductive bridge 30, the second radiator 20, the first feeding terminal 204, and the second feeding terminal 205 may be integral structures. In the embodiments of the present application, for example, as shown in FIG5 a , the present application uses rectangles to simply illustrate the division of the above-mentioned parts. It should be understood that this rectangular division should not be regarded as a clear connection between the two parts.

[0231] Referring to FIG. 13 , in some implementations, the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302 spaced apart from each other. The first end of the first conductive bridge 301 and the first end of the second conductive bridge 302 are both coupled to the second radiator 20. The second end of the first conductive bridge 301 is coupled to an end of the first radiating branch 101 proximate to the second radiating branch 102, and the second end of the second conductive bridge 302 is coupled to an end of the second radiating branch 102 proximate to the first radiating branch 101. Accordingly, the first antenna 100 includes a first feeding terminal 204, a second radiator 20, a first conductive bridge 301, and a first radiating branch 101. The second antenna 200 includes a second feeding terminal 205, a second radiator 20, a second conductive bridge 302, and a second radiating branch 102. With this arrangement, the impedance of the first antenna 100 can be adjusted via the first conductive bridge 301, and the impedance of the second antenna 200 can be adjusted via the second conductive bridge 302, thereby facilitating impedance matching between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0232] The first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 can be spaced apart along the extension direction of the first radiator 10. It is understood that in this scenario, the length L3 of the conductive bridge 30 is the sum of the length of the first conductive bridge 301 (the dimension parallel to the extension direction of the first radiator 10), the distance between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302, and the length of the second conductive bridge 302. For example, in an implementation where the length L3 of the conductive bridge 30 is 7 mm, the distance between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 can be 4 mm. Accordingly, the lengths of the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 can both be 1.5 mm.

[0233] It can be understood that the impedance of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302, the width of the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 (the dimension along the extension direction perpendicular to the first radiator 10), and the distance between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 to facilitate impedance matching of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0234] In the above implementation, the first radiating branch 101 includes a portion of the first radiator 10 located on a side of the first conductive bridge 301 facing away from the second conductive bridge 302, and a portion of the first radiator 10 connected to the first conductive bridge 301. Correspondingly, the second radiating branch 102 includes a portion of the first radiator 10 located on a side of the second conductive bridge 302 facing away from the first conductive bridge 301, and a portion of the first radiator 10 connected to the second conductive bridge 302. A connecting branch connecting the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 may be provided between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302.

[0235] In this scenario, the first antenna 100 is used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance in the first working frequency band and the second working frequency band, respectively, and the second antenna 200 is used to generate a third resonance and a fourth resonance in the first working frequency band and the second working frequency band, respectively. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the current distribution corresponding to the first resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the first feeding end 204 through part of the second radiator 20, the conductive bridge 30 (or, in the implementation method where the conductive bridge 30 includes the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302, the first conductive bridge 301) and the first radiating branch 101 to the open end of the first radiating branch 101, and the first radiating branch 101 mainly generates the first resonance; the current distribution corresponding to the third resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the second feeding end 205 through part of the second radiator 20, the conductive bridge 30 (or, in the implementation method where the conductive bridge 30 includes the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302, the second conductive bridge 302) and the second radiating branch 102 to the open end of the second radiating branch 102, and the second radiating branch 102 mainly generates the third resonance. As shown in Figures 6 and 7 , the current distribution corresponding to the second resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the first feeding terminal 204 through the second radiator 20 to the first open end of the second radiator 20, and the corresponding second radiator 20 mainly produces the second resonance. The current distribution corresponding to the fourth resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the second feeding terminal 205 through the second radiator 20 to the second open end of the second radiator 20, and the corresponding second radiator 20 mainly produces the fourth resonance. For example, the first open end can be the open end of the second radiator 20 corresponding to the first radiation branch 101, and the second open end can be the open end of the second radiator 20 corresponding to the second radiation branch 102.

[0236] It can be understood that the current is distributed sinusoidally on the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200. Continuing with Figures 2 and 3, in the first decoupling mode, the current at the first feeding terminal 204 of the first antenna 100 is relatively large, the current at the end of the first radiating branch 101 is close to zero, and the direction of the current does not change during transmission. Therefore, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 are in a λ1 / 4 mode, where λ1 is the wavelength corresponding to the first operating frequency band, and the first decoupling mode is the fundamental mode. 6 and 7 , in the second decoupling mode, when power is fed to the first feeding end 204, the current at the first feeding end 204 in the first antenna 100 is relatively large, the current at the end of the second radiating branch 102 is close to zero, and the direction of the current does not change during the transmission process; when power is fed to the second feeding end 205, the current at the second feeding end 205 is relatively large, the current at the end of the second radiating branch 102 is close to zero, and the direction of the current does not change during the transmission process; therefore, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 are in a λ2 / 4 mode, where λ2 is the wavelength corresponding to the second operating frequency band, and the second decoupling mode is the fundamental mode.

[0237] In some embodiments, the ratio between the center frequency of the second working frequency band and the center frequency of the first working frequency band can be 1.68-2.8 (such as 1.68, 2, 2.8, etc.); with this setting, the frequency difference between the second working frequency band and the first working frequency band is moderate, which can better cover the first working frequency band and the second working frequency band. It is understandable that the center frequency of the second working frequency band can be greater than the center frequency of the first working frequency band, and accordingly, the ratio of the center frequency of the second working frequency band to the center frequency of the first working frequency band can be 1.68-2.8 (such as 1.68, 2, 2.8, etc.); or, the center frequency of the second working frequency band can be less than the center frequency of the first working frequency band, and accordingly, the ratio of the center frequency of the second working frequency band to the center frequency of the first working frequency band can be 1.68-2.8 (such as 1.68, 2, 2.8, etc.). The embodiment of the present application does not limit the size relationship between the center frequency of the second working frequency band and the center frequency of the first working frequency band.

[0238] In some embodiments, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 further include a third operating frequency band, the center frequency of which is greater than the center frequency of the first operating frequency band and the center frequency of the second operating frequency band. This arrangement can further increase the bandwidth covered by the antenna assembly.

[0239] The antenna assembly also includes a third decoupling mode, which corresponds to the third operating frequency band. The first antenna 100 is configured to generate a fifth resonance in the third operating frequency band, and the second antenna 200 is configured to generate a sixth resonance in the third operating frequency band. The fifth resonance corresponds to a higher-order mode of the first resonance, and the sixth resonance corresponds to a higher-order mode of the third resonance. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, in the third decoupling mode, when the fifth resonance is generated, the current at the first feed end 204 of the first antenna 100 is relatively large, the current at the end of the second radiating branch 102 is close to zero, and the current direction changes once during the current transmission process. When the sixth resonance is generated, the current at the second feed end 205 is relatively large, the current at the end of the second radiating branch 102 is close to zero, and the current direction changes once during the current transmission process. Therefore, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 are in a 3λ3 / 4 mode, where λ3 is the wavelength corresponding to the third operating frequency band, and the third decoupling mode is a higher-order mode of the first decoupling mode.

[0240] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of antenna matching for the antenna assembly in this scenario. The first feed end 204 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a first matching capacitor C1 and a first matching inductor R1 connected in series. The second feed end 205 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a second matching capacitor C2 and a second matching inductor R2 connected in series. Since the interface of the transceiver 110 has a certain impedance (e.g., 50Ω), the parameters of the first matching capacitor C1, the first matching inductor R1, the second matching capacitor C2, and the second matching inductor R2 are reasonably set to match the impedance of the antenna assembly with the impedance of the interface of the transceiver 110. In an implementation where the impedance of the transceiver 110 interface is 50Ω, the capacitance values ​​of the first matching capacitor C1 and the second matching capacitor C2 can both be approximately 1pF, and the inductance values ​​of the first matching inductor R1 and the second matching inductor R2 can both be approximately 0.6nH.

[0241] Figure 15 is an S-parameter curve diagram when the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302. It can be seen from curve S12 that the S parameter between point 1 and point 2 is less than or equal to -16 dB, the S parameter between point 3 and point 4 is less than or equal to -15 dB, and the S parameter between point 5 and point 6 is less than or equal to -13.5 dB. Therefore, the first operating frequency band is the 2.4 GHz band (e.g., 2.4 GHz-2.4835 GHz), the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band (e.g., 5.15 GHz-5.85 GHz), and the third operating frequency band is the 6 GHz band (e.g., 5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz). It can be seen that the operating frequency bands of the antenna assembly cover all frequency bands of WLAN. Comparing Figure 15 with Figure 10, it can be seen that the performance of the antenna assembly shown in Figure 13 is roughly the same as that of the antenna assembly shown in Figure 1; therefore, it can be seen that the integrated structure of the conductive bridge 30 or the conductive bridge 30 including the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 arranged at intervals has little effect on the performance of the antenna assembly.

[0242] Figure 16 shows an antenna efficiency curve when the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302. Points 1 and 2 in the figure show that the antenna efficiency is greater than -0.5 dB in the first operating frequency band; points 3 and 4 in the figure show that the antenna efficiency is greater than -1.6 dB in the second operating frequency band; and points 5 and 6 in the figure show that the antenna efficiency is greater than -1.2 dB in the third operating frequency band. This shows that the antenna assembly has good antenna efficiency in all operating frequency bands, and the antenna assembly has good performance.

[0243] Figure 17 shows the antenna assembly's directional pattern in the first operating frequency band; Figure 18 shows the antenna assembly's directional pattern in the second operating frequency band; and Figure 19 shows the antenna assembly's directional pattern in the third operating frequency band. As can be seen from Figures 17-19, the directional patterns of the first and second antennas in this scenario complement each other, improving the omnidirectionality of the antenna assembly's signal coverage and thus ensuring high communication quality.

[0244] Please refer to Figure 20. In this scenario, a first groove 203 and / or a first protrusion is provided on the second radiator 20 between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205. The first groove 203 can increase the impedance between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205, and the first protrusion can reduce the impedance between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205, so as to adjust the impedance between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205.

[0245] For example, the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 may be located on a side of the second radiator 20 facing away from the first radiator 10, and the corresponding first groove 203 and the first protrusion are also provided on the side of the second radiator 20 facing away from the first radiator 10. The first groove 203 may penetrate the second radiator 20 along the thickness direction. Of course, the first groove 203 may not penetrate the second radiator along the thickness direction, that is, the first groove 203 reduces the thickness of the second radiator 20 and also increases the impedance between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205.

[0246] In some implementations, the width L7 of the first groove 203 can be 5mm-10mm (5mm, 7mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc.), the depth L8 of the first groove 203 can be 2mm-5mm (2mm, 3mm, 5mm), and the length L5 of the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10 can be 0.5mm-3mm (such as 0.5mm, 1mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc.).

[0247] As shown in Figure 21, the first feed end 204 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a first matching capacitor C1, a second matching inductor R2, and a third matching inductor R3 connected in series. The first feed end 204 is also grounded via the first matching inductor R1, and the end of the second matching inductor R2 facing the third matching inductor R3 is grounded via the second matching capacitor C2. The second feed end 205 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a fourth matching capacitor C4, a fifth matching inductor R5, and a sixth matching inductor R6 connected in series. The second feed end 205 is also grounded via the fourth matching inductor R4, and the end of the fifth matching inductor R5 facing the sixth matching inductor R6 is grounded via the fifth matching capacitor C5. By properly setting the parameters of the matching capacitors and inductors, the impedance of the antenna assembly can be matched to the impedance of the transceiver 110 interface. For example, in an implementation in which the interface impedance of the transceiver 110 is 50Ω, the inductance values ​​of the first matching inductor R1 and the fourth matching inductor R4 can both be approximately 12nH, and the inductance values ​​of the second matching inductor R2, the third matching inductor R3, the fifth matching inductor R5, and the sixth matching inductor R6 can both be approximately 1.2nH; the capacitance values ​​of the first matching capacitor C1 and the fourth matching capacitor C4 can both be approximately 0.8pF, and the capacitance values ​​of the second matching capacitor C2 and the fifth matching capacitor C5 can both be approximately 0.3pF.

[0248] By comparing Figure 15 and Figure 22, it can be seen that the antenna assembly in Figure 15 has a frequency band with low isolation (less than 15dB) in the 6GHz frequency band (5.925GHz-7.125GHz). Accordingly, in Figure 22, a first groove 203 is provided on the second radiator 20 between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205, which can increase the impedance between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205, thereby optimizing the differential mode path impedance in the second decoupling mode, and improving the isolation in the 6GHz frequency band (5.925GHz-7.125GHz).

[0249] FIG23 is a graph of the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of the antenna assembly when the first groove 203 is provided. The solid line in the graph is the isotropic envelope correlation coefficient (E-field 3D Envelope Correlation Coefficient) in the angular power spectrum under the 3D electric field, and the dotted line is the Laplace envelope correlation coefficient (E-field 3D Envelope Correlation Coefficient Laplace) in the angular power spectrum under the 3D electric field. Generally, when the envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.3, the antenna assembly can achieve good MIMO performance. As can be seen from FIG23, in the first operating frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz band), the second operating frequency band (e.g., 5 GHz band), and the third operating frequency band (e.g., 6 GHz band), the envelope correlation coefficient of the antenna assembly is less than 0.1, indicating that the MIMO performance of the antenna assembly in this scenario is relatively high.

[0250] Referring to Figure 24 , in some implementations, the antenna assembly may further include a ground plane 50. The ground plane 50 may be disposed on a side of the second radiator 20 facing away from the first radiator 10. The upper surface of the ground plane 50 may be coplanar with the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20, and a clearance zone may be formed between the ground plane 50 and the first radiator 10. In other implementations, the ground plane 50 may also be disposed on a side of the first radiator 10 facing away from the second radiator 20.

[0251] Referring to Figure 25 , the antenna assembly may further include a substrate 60. The substrate 60 is disposed on one end of the floor 50 near the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. The substrate 60 is disposed parallel to the floor 50. The first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 may be disposed on the substrate 60. The substrate 60 may be used to support the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. For example, the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20 may be printed on the substrate 60 to simplify the manufacture of the antenna assembly. In other implementations, the floor 50 may also be printed on the substrate 60. The substrate 60 may be used to secure and support the floor 50, the first radiator 10, and the second radiator 20.

[0252] As shown in FIG26 , floor 50 can be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, with a length of 140 mm, a width of 70 mm, and a height of 1 mm. Baseboard 60 can also be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, with a length of 13 mm, a width of 70 mm, and a height of 1 mm. For example, baseboard 60 can be made of epoxy glass cloth laminate (FR4), which has a relative dielectric constant Dk of 4.4 and a loss tangent value tanσ of 0.02.

[0253] FIG27 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly when feeding through the first feeding terminal 204 in the first decoupling mode. In this case, the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is small or equal to zero. It can be seen that when feeding through the first feeding terminal 204, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current causes the current at the second feeding terminal 205 to be small or equal to zero. FIG28 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly when feeding through the second feeding terminal 205 in the first decoupling mode. In this case, the current at the first feeding terminal 204 is small or equal to zero. It can be seen that when feeding through the second feeding terminal 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current causes the current at the first feeding terminal 204 to be small or equal to zero. In the first decoupling mode, the current is distributed across the entire first radiator 10 and approximately half of the second radiator 20. The entire first radiator 10 radiates signals, resulting in higher efficiency for the antenna assembly. Furthermore, the current direction remains unchanged between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, making the first decoupling mode the fundamental mode.

[0254] It can be understood that when one end of the first radiating branch 101 toward the second radiating branch 102 is connected to one end of the second radiating branch 102 toward the first radiating branch 101 (such as through a connecting branch), a small amount of current also flows between one end of the first radiating branch 101 toward the second radiating branch 102 and one end of the second radiating branch 102 toward the first radiating branch 101, but it does not affect the main current distribution on the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0255] FIG29 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly when feeding through the first feeding terminal 204 in the second decoupling mode. In this case, the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is small or equal to zero. It can be seen that when feeding through the first feeding terminal 204, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current causes the current at the second feeding terminal 205 to be small or equal to zero. FIG30 shows the current distribution diagram of the antenna assembly when feeding through the second feeding terminal 205 in the second decoupling mode. In this case, the current at the first feeding terminal 204 is small or equal to zero. It can be seen that when feeding through the second feeding terminal 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current causes the current at the first feeding terminal 204 to be small or equal to zero. In the second decoupling mode, the current is mainly distributed on one side of the second radiator 20, and the current direction does not change in the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200. The second decoupling mode is a fundamental mode.

[0256] Figure 31 shows the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the first feeding terminal 204 in the third decoupling mode. In this case, the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is small or equal to zero, and there is a zero current location on the first radiator 10 (near point a1), and the current directions on both sides of the zero current location are opposite. It can be seen that when feeding through the first feeding terminal 204, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current causes the current at the second feeding terminal 205 to be small or equal to zero. Figure 32 shows the current distribution on the antenna assembly when feeding through the second feeding terminal 205 in the fourth decoupling mode. In this case, the current at the first feeding terminal 204 is small or equal to zero. It can be seen that when feeding through the second feeding terminal 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The superposition of the differential-mode current and the common-mode current causes the current at the first feeding terminal 204 to be small or equal to zero. In the fourth decoupling mode, the current is primarily distributed along one side of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. Figures 31 and 32 show that there is a zero current location (near point a1) on the first radiator 10, and that the currents on both sides of this zero current location have opposite directions. This indicates that the fourth decoupling mode is a higher-order mode.

[0257] Scene 2

[0258] Referring to Figure 33, the difference between this scenario and scenario one is that the first radiator 10 includes a first radiating branch 101 and a second radiating branch 102, the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 are spaced apart, and the end of the first radiating branch 101 close to the second radiating branch 102 and the end of the second radiating branch 102 close to the first radiating branch 101 are spaced apart. This arrangement can increase the impedance between the conductive bridge 30 and the first radiating branch 101, and also increase the impedance between the conductive bridge 30 and the second radiating branch 102, which is equivalent to increasing the length of the current flow path on the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102, thereby reducing the length of the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 along their extension direction, thereby achieving miniaturization of the antenna assembly.

[0259] In an implementation in which the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302, one end of the first conductive bridge 301 is connected to the second radiator 20, and the other end of the first conductive bridge 301 is connected to the end of the first radiating branch 101 closest to the second radiating branch 102. One end of the second conductive bridge 302 is connected to the second radiator 20, and the other end of the second conductive bridge 302 is connected to the end of the second radiating branch 102 closest to the first radiating branch 101. Comparing FIG13 and FIG33 , it can be seen that when the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 are coupled, the length L1 of the first radiator 10 along its extension direction can be 45 mm. When the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 are spaced apart, the length L1 of the first radiator 10 along its extension direction can be 44 mm. It can be seen that by setting the first radiation branch 101 and the second radiation branch 102 at a distance, the impedance between the first conductive bridge 301 and the first radiation branch 101 can be increased, and the impedance between the second conductive bridge 302 and the second radiation branch 102 can also be increased. The length of the first radiation branch 101 and the second radiation branch 102 along their extension direction can be reduced to achieve miniaturization of the antenna component.

[0260] Figure 34 is an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly when the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 are set at intervals. It can be seen from curve S12 that the S parameter between point 1 and point 2 is less than or equal to -18dB, the S parameter between point 3 and point 4 is less than or equal to -16dB, and the S parameter between point 5 and point 6 is less than or equal to -14.2dB. Therefore, the first operating frequency band is the 2.4GHz band (such as 2.4GHz-2.4835GHz), the second operating frequency band is the 5GHz band (such as 5.15GHz-5.85GHz), and the third operating frequency band is the 6GHz band (such as 5.925GHz-7.125GHz). It can be seen that the operating frequency band of the antenna assembly covers all frequency bands of WLAN.

[0261] In this scenario, the distance D3 between the end of the first radiating branch 101 close to the second radiating branch 102 and the end of the second radiating branch 102 close to the first radiating branch 101 can be 0.05-0.25 times (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, etc.) the length L1 of the first radiator 10. This arrangement ensures a certain impedance between the conductive bridge 30 and the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 while avoiding the situation where the distance D3 between the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 is too large, resulting in the length L1 of the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102 being too small, thereby avoiding affecting the performance of the antenna assembly.

[0262] Referring to FIG. 35 , in some implementations, the second radiator 20 includes a third radiating branch 201 and a fourth radiating branch 202 spaced apart from each other. The third radiating branch 201 and the fourth radiating branch 202 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the second radiator 20. The first feeding terminal 204 is disposed on the third radiating branch 201, the second feeding terminal 205 is disposed on the fourth radiating branch 202, and the conductive bridge 30 is coupled to the third radiating branch 201 and the fourth radiating branch 202. Accordingly, the first antenna 100 includes the first feeding terminal 204, the third radiating branch 201, the conductive bridge 30, and the first radiator 10. The second antenna 200 includes the second feeding terminal 205, the fourth radiating branch 202, the conductive bridge 30, and the first radiator 10. In an implementation in which the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301 and a second conductive bridge 302 , the first antenna 100 includes a first feeding end 204 , a third radiating branch 201 , a first conductive bridge 301 , and a first radiator 10 , and the second antenna 200 includes a second feeding end 205 , a fourth radiating branch 202 , a second conductive bridge 302 , and a first radiator 10 .

[0263] By spacing the third radiation branch 201 and the fourth radiation branch 202, the impedance between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 can be increased, thereby optimizing the differential mode path impedance in the second decoupling mode and improving the isolation in the 6 GHz frequency band (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz).

[0264] In the above implementation, the distance D4 between the third radiating branch 201 and the fourth radiating branch 202 can be 0.05-0.25 times (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, etc.) the length L1 of the first radiator 10. This configuration improves the isolation in the 6 GHz frequency band while preventing the distance D4 between the third radiating branch 201 and the fourth radiating branch 202 from being too large or too small.

[0265] Referring to FIG36 , in another implementation, the first radiator 10 includes a first radiating branch 101 and a second radiating branch 102 spaced apart from each other, while the second radiator 20 includes a third radiating branch 201 and a fourth radiating branch 202 spaced apart from each other. FIG37 is a graph of the S21 parameter corresponding to the antenna assembly shown in FIG36 . The solid line in the graph represents the S21 parameter curve when the third radiating branch 201 and the fourth radiating branch 202 are integrally formed, and the dotted line represents the S21 parameter curve when the distance between the third radiating branch 201 and the fourth radiating branch 202 is 0.4 mm. As can be seen from Figure 37, in the implementation method of setting the first radiation branch 101 and the second radiation branch 102 at intervals, and the third radiation branch 201 and the fourth radiation branch 202 at intervals, it is necessary to reduce the distance between the third radiation branch 201 and the fourth radiation branch 202 (such as the distance between the third radiation branch 201 and the fourth radiation branch 202 is 0.4mm), and appropriately extend the length of the first radiator 10 (such as from 44mm to 57mm), so that the first working frequency band moves from the high frequency side to near 2.4GHz to meet the 2.4GHz frequency band requirements.

[0266] Scenario 3

[0267] Please refer to Figure 38. The difference between this scenario and scenario one and scenario two is that the first midpoint a2 of the first radiator 10 along the extension direction and the second midpoint a3 of the second radiator 20 along the extension direction are spaced apart in the extension direction of the first radiator 10; that is, when the second radiator 20 is axially symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry, the first radiator 10 is offset to the right relative to the axis of symmetry, so that the antenna assembly has an asymmetric structure. Such a setting can enable the antenna assembly to adapt to irregular installation space, so as to improve the adaptability of the antenna assembly, and the antenna assembly can adapt to a more complex overall layout.

[0268] In some implementations, the second midpoint a3 is located between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205, and the distances between the first feeding terminal and the second feeding terminal 205 and the second midpoint a3 are equal, that is, the second midpoint a3 is located on the axis of symmetry. In this case, the distance between the first midpoint a2 and the first feeding terminal 204 is smaller than the distance between the second midpoint a3 and the second feeding terminal 205, so that the first radiator 10 is offset toward the first feeding terminal 204 along the extension direction, thereby making the length of the portion of the first radiator 10 on the right side of the conductive bridge 30 greater than the length of the portion of the first radiator 10 on the left side of the conductive bridge 30. For example, the length L12 of the portion of the first radiator 10 on the right side of the conductive bridge 30 can be 21 mm, and the length L11 of the portion of the first radiator 10 on the left side of the conductive bridge 30 can be 17 mm.

[0269] Figure 39 is a schematic diagram of antenna matching for the antenna assembly. The first feed end 204 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a first matching capacitor C1 and a first matching inductor R1 connected in series. The second feed end 205 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a second matching capacitor C2 and a second matching inductor R2 connected in series. By properly setting the parameters of the first matching capacitor C1, the first matching inductor R1, the second matching capacitor C2, and the second matching inductor R2, the impedance of the antenna assembly can be matched to the impedance of the interface of the transceiver 110. In an implementation where the interface impedance of the transceiver 110 is 50Ω, the capacitance values ​​of the first matching capacitor C1 and the second matching capacitor C2 can both be approximately 1 pF, and the inductance values ​​of the first matching inductor R1 and the second matching inductor R2 can both be approximately 0.6 nH.

[0270] Figure 40 is an S-parameter curve diagram of the antenna assembly when the first midpoint a2 and the second midpoint a3 are set at intervals. In the first decoupling mode (for example, the 2.4 GHz frequency band), the isolation of the antenna assembly is about 12.4 dB. By comparing Figure 15 and Figure 40, it can be seen that when the antenna assembly is a symmetrical structure, the isolation of the antenna assembly is about 16 dB, which shows that the performance of the antenna assembly has declined.

[0271] As shown in FIG41 , in some embodiments, the distance between the third midpoint a4 and the first midpoint a2 of the line connecting the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 in the extension direction of the first radiator 10 is less than or equal to 2 mm. This allows the third midpoint a4 and the first midpoint a2 to substantially coincide with each other in the extension direction of the first radiator 10. The line connecting the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 is parallel to the extension direction of the first radiator 10 and the second radiator 20. The third midpoint a4 and the first midpoint a2 substantially coincide with each other in the extension direction of the first radiator 10. The conductive bridge 30 is offset relative to the second radiator 20 along with the first radiator 10, while remaining approximately in the center of the first radiator 10. For example, based on the structure shown in FIG40 , the first conductive bridge 301 can be moved rightward a certain distance, i.e., the distance between the first conductive bridge 301 and the second conductive bridge 302 is increased, so that the third midpoint a4 and the first midpoint a2 coincide with each other. In an implementation method in which the length L12 of the portion of the first radiator 10 on the right side of the conductive bridge 30 can be 21 mm and the length L11 of the portion of the first radiator 10 on the left side of the conductive bridge 30 can be 17 mm, the first conductive bridge 301 can be moved 4 mm to the right so that the lengths of the portions of the first radiator 10 on the left and right sides of the conductive bridge 30 are equal (both 17 mm).

[0272] Figure 42 shows the S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly when the third midpoint a4 and the first midpoint a2 coincide. As shown in Figure 42, aligning the third midpoint a4 with the first midpoint a2 improves the isolation in the first decoupling mode, thereby enhancing antenna performance. However, as shown in points 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in Figure 42, the first and second operating frequency bands of the antenna assembly are shifted toward higher frequencies.

[0273] As shown in FIG43 , in some embodiments, the first conductive bridge 301 and the second radiator 20 are coupled via a first inductor structure 303, or the first conductive bridge 301 and the first radiating branch 101 are coupled via the first inductor structure 303. The first inductor structure 303 can increase the impedance between the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiator 20, thereby increasing the electrical length of the first antenna 100 and reducing the common-mode operating frequency band. At the same time, a first groove 203 can also be provided on the second radiator 20 between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205. The second radiator 20 between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 is the path through which differential-mode current must pass in the first decoupling mode and the second decoupling mode. The first groove 203 can increase the impedance between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205, thereby extending the differential-mode operating frequency band. Through the above settings, the first decoupling mode and the second decoupling mode can be moved to a low frequency, so that the first operating frequency band is the 2.4 GHz band and the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band.

[0274] FIG44 is a schematic diagram of antenna matching for an antenna assembly. The first feed end 204 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a first matching capacitor C1. The second feed end 205 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a second matching capacitor C2 and a second matching inductor R2 connected in series. The first inductor structure 303 is also grounded via the first matching inductor R1, and the second feed end 205 is grounded via a third matching inductor R3. By properly setting the parameters of the matching capacitors and inductors, the impedance of the antenna assembly can be matched to the impedance of the interface of the transceiver 110. In an implementation where the impedance of the transceiver 110 interface is 50Ω, the capacitance of the first matching capacitor C1 can be approximately 0.7 pF, the capacitance of the second matching capacitor C2 can be approximately 1 pF, the inductance of the first matching inductor R1 can be approximately 3.9 nH, the inductance of the second matching inductor R2 can be approximately 0.6 nH, and the inductance of the third matching inductor R3 can be approximately 8.2 nH.

[0275] Figure 45 shows an S-parameter curve of the antenna assembly after installing the first inductor structure 303. As shown in Figure 45, the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is 2.4 GHz, with a corresponding isolation of greater than 17.5 dB. The second operating frequency band is 5 GHz, with a corresponding isolation of greater than 17.5 dB. The third operating frequency band is approximately 7.25 GHz, with a corresponding isolation of greater than 16 dB. This shows that installing the first inductor structure 303 provides high performance. However, the third operating frequency band is approximately 7.25 GHz, making it difficult to cover the 6 GHz band.

[0276] As shown in FIG46 , in some implementations, a preset position is provided on each of the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102. The current at the preset position is near zero in the first operating frequency band, and nears a maximum value in the third operating frequency band. A second groove 103 is provided at the preset position on each of the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102. The second groove 103 increases the impedance at the preset position, thereby shifting the third operating frequency band toward a lower frequency to cover the 6 GHz band. In this case, the third operating frequency band is close to the second operating frequency band, enabling de-banding and decoupling. Since the current at the preset position is near zero in the first operating frequency band, the second groove 103 does not affect the antenna assembly in the first operating frequency band.

[0277] As shown in FIG46 , for example, the width D5 of the second groove 103 along the extension direction of the first radiator 10 can be 3 mm to 5 mm (e.g., 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, etc.), and the depth D7 of the second groove 103 can be 1 mm to 3 mm (e.g., 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm). In FIG46 , the remaining dimensions D6 can be 1 mm to 6 mm (e.g., 1 mm, 3.5 mm, 6 mm), L3 can be 2.25 mm to 11.25 mm (e.g., 2.25 mm, 8 mm, 11.25 mm), L9 can be 5 mm to 10 mm (e.g., 5 mm, 8.5 mm, 10 mm), L8 can be 1 mm to 5 mm (e.g., 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm), L7 can be 5 mm to 12 mm (e.g., 5 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm), and L10 can be 8 mm to 15 mm (e.g., 8 mm, 12.5 mm, 15 mm).

[0278] Figure 47 is a graph of the S21 parameter of the antenna assembly before and after the second groove 103 is set. As can be seen from Figures 47 and 45, after the second groove 103 is set, the third operating frequency band moves to a lower frequency to cover the 6 GHz band. Figure 48 is a graph of the S parameter of the antenna assembly before and after the second groove 103 is set at the preset positions of the first radiating branch 101 and the second radiating branch 102. As can be seen from Figure 48, after the second groove 103 is set, the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4 GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6 GHz band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly can cover all frequency bands of the WLAN. Figure 49 is a schematic diagram of the efficiency of the antenna assembly after the second groove 103 is set. As can be seen from Figure 49, the antenna assembly has high efficiency in all operating frequency bands and has high performance.

[0279] Scene 4

[0280] Please refer to Figure 50. The difference between this scenario and the above scenarios is that the second radiator 20 between the first feeding end 204 and the second feeding end 205 is coupled to the ground. This arrangement facilitates the grounding of the current in the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0281] In some implementations, the antenna assembly further includes a grounding branch 40, one end of which is coupled to the second radiator 20 between the first feed terminal 204 and the second feed terminal 205, and the other end of the grounding branch 40 is grounded. This configuration simplifies the structure of the antenna assembly and facilitates its manufacture. Figure 51 is a schematic diagram of the S parameters of the antenna assembly when the second radiator 20 between the first feed terminal 204 and the second feed terminal 205 is grounded via the grounding branch 40. As shown in Figure 51, the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4 GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6 GHz band. This indicates that the antenna assembly can cover various WLAN frequency bands.

[0282] 52-55 are current distribution diagrams of the first antenna 100 at 2.45 GHz, 5.1 GHz, 5.7 GHz, and 7.1 GHz when the grounding branch 40 is set. It can be seen that setting the grounding branch 40 does not affect the decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 in each decoupling mode.

[0283] Referring to Figure 56 , in some implementations, the antenna assembly includes a fourth inductor structure 401, through which the grounding branch 40 is coupled to ground. Exemplarily, the inductance of the fourth inductor structure 401 can be between 1 nH and 5 nH (e.g., 1 nH, 3 nH, 5 nH, etc.). Figure 57 is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the antenna assembly when the grounding branch 40 is grounded via the fourth inductor structure 401. As shown in Figure 57 , the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4 GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5 GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6 GHz band. This indicates that the antenna assembly can cover various WLAN frequency bands.

[0284] Please refer to Figure 58. In some implementations, the antenna assembly further includes a capacitor structure 402. The second radiator 20 between the first feed terminal 204 and the second feed terminal 205 is coupled to ground via the capacitor structure 402. In the implementation in which the antenna assembly includes a grounding branch 40, the grounding branch 40 can be coupled to ground via the capacitor structure 402. Exemplarily, the capacitance value of the capacitor structure 402 can be 0.2pF-0.6pF (e.g., 0.2pF, 0.4pF, 0.6pF, etc.). Figure 59 is a schematic diagram of the S parameters of the antenna assembly when the second radiator 20 between the first feed terminal 204 and the second feed terminal 205 is grounded via the capacitor structure 402. As can be seen from Figure 59, the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4GHz band, the second operating frequency band is the 5GHz band, and the third operating frequency band is the 6GHz band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly can cover various frequency bands of WLAN.

[0285] Figure 60 is a comparison diagram of the S21 curves when the second radiator 20 between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 is directly grounded through the grounding branch 40, the grounding branch 40 is grounded through the fourth inductance structure 401, and the grounding branch 40 is grounded through the capacitor structure 402. It can be seen from Figure 60 that when the second radiator 20 between the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205 is directly grounded through the grounding branch 40, the isolation of the antenna component in the first decoupling mode is slightly smaller, which can meet general communication requirements; when the grounding branch 40 is grounded through the fourth inductance structure 401, and the grounding branch 40 is grounded through the capacitor structure 402, the isolation of the antenna component in both the first decoupling mode and the second decoupling mode is greater than 15dB, and the isolation of the antenna component is relatively high, which can meet higher communication requirements.

[0286] Referring to FIG. 61 , in some implementations, the capacitor structure 402 includes a conductive block 403 coupled to a ground. A capacitor slot 404 is provided on the second radiator 20 between the first feed end 204 and the second feed end 205. The conductive block 403 is disposed within the capacitor slot 404, with the conductive block 403 spaced from the bottom and walls of the capacitor slot 404. This arrangement forms the capacitor structure 402 between the conductive block 403 and the sidewalls of the capacitor slot 404, eliminating the need for a separate capacitor structure 402 and simplifying the structure of the antenna assembly. Furthermore, the capacitor block's location within the capacitor slot 404 also enhances the compactness of the antenna assembly.

[0287] In the above implementation, the capacitor block may include a conductive sheet extending along the bottom and wall of the capacitor slot 404 , and a conductive pin is provided on the conductive sheet corresponding to the bottom of the capacitor slot 404 , and the conductive pin is grounded.

[0288] Continuing with FIG61 , the width of the first radiator 10 can be appropriately reduced to increase its impedance, thereby reducing its length L1. L1 can be 40 mm to 50 mm (e.g., 40 mm, 44 mm, 50 mm, etc.), thereby miniaturizing the antenna assembly. Properly setting the distance L14 between the first radiator 10 and the floor 50 can adjust the clearance area of ​​the antenna assembly. For example, the distance L14 between the first radiator 10 and the floor 50 can be 5 mm to 15 mm (e.g., 5 mm, 7.5 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, etc.).

[0289] Scene 5

[0290] Please refer to Figure 62. The difference between this scenario and the above scenarios is that there is an angle between the plane where the antenna assembly is located and the plane where the floor 50 is located. For example, this scenario will be introduced as an example in which the plane where the antenna assembly is located and the plane where the floor 50 is located can be set vertically. Of course, the angle between the plane where the antenna assembly is located and the plane where the floor 50 is located can also be 45°, 60°, etc.

[0291] In some implementations, the floor panel 50 can be disposed on a circuit board. In implementations where the circuit board is a printed circuit board, the floor panel 50 can be a metal layer printed on the surface of the circuit board. In this case, creating an angle between the plane where the antenna assembly resides and the plane where the floor panel 50 resides can prevent the antenna assembly from occupying wiring space on the circuit board, thereby improving the rationality of the wiring space on the circuit board.

[0292] For example, a bracket 601 can be provided on the circuit board, and the antenna assembly can also be provided on the bracket 601 by electroplating, attaching, or printing, so that the bracket 601 supports the antenna assembly. It is understood that the bracket 601 must be made of an insulating material to prevent the bracket 601 from causing a short circuit in the antenna assembly. For example, the material of the bracket 601 can include plastic, rubber, etc., and the relative dielectric constant of the bracket 601 can be approximately 2.8.

[0293] As shown in Figure 63, in some implementations, the length L1 of the first radiator 10 can be 46 mm, the width D1 of the first radiator 10 can be 4.8 mm, the length L2 of the second radiator 20 can be 29 mm, the width D2 of the second radiator 20 can be 6.5 mm, the distance D8 between the first radiator and the second radiator can be 1.5 mm, the width D5 of the second groove 103 can be 5 mm, the depth D7 of the second groove 103 can be 2 mm, the length L5 of the first feed branch 2041 and the second feed branch 2051 can be 3 mm, the width L15 of the first feed branch 2041 and the second feed branch 2051 can be 1.25 mm, the length L16 of the second radiator 20 outside the first feed branch 2041 and the second feed branch 2051 can be 7 mm, and the width L7 of the first groove 203 can be 9 mm. A first fixed branch node 304 is provided at the end of the first feeding branch node 2041 facing away from the second radiator 20, and a second fixed branch node 305 is provided at the end of the second feeding branch node 2051 facing away from the second radiator 20. The first fixed branch node 304 and the second fixed branch node 305 can be perpendicular to the plane where the antenna assembly is located, so that the first fixed branch node 304 and the second fixed branch node 305 can be attached to the circuit board to connect with the circuit on the circuit board. Exemplarily, the extension length L17 of the first fixed branch node 304 and the second fixed branch node 305 in the direction parallel to the circuit board can be 5.6 mm.

[0294] Figure 64 shows a schematic diagram of antenna matching for the antenna assembly. The first feed end 204 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a first matching capacitor C1 and a second matching inductor R2 connected in series. The first feed end 204 is also grounded via the first matching inductor R1. The end of the second matching inductor R2 facing the first matching capacitor C1 is grounded via the second matching capacitor C2, and the end of the second matching inductor R2 facing away from the first matching capacitor C1 is grounded via the third matching capacitor C3. The second feed end 205 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a fourth matching capacitor C4 and a fourth matching inductor R4 connected in series. The second feed end 205 is also grounded via the third matching inductor R3. The end of the fourth matching inductor R4 facing the fourth matching capacitor C4 is grounded via the fifth matching capacitor C5, and the end of the fourth matching inductor R2 facing away from the fourth matching capacitor C4 is grounded via the sixth matching capacitor C6. By properly configuring the parameters of the matching capacitors and inductors, the impedance of the antenna assembly can be matched to the impedance of the interface of the transceiver 110. In an implementation in which the interface impedance of the transceiver 110 is 50Ω, the capacitance values ​​of the first matching capacitor C1 and the fourth capacitor can both be approximately 1 pF, the capacitance values ​​of the second matching capacitor C2 and the fifth capacitor C5 can be approximately 0.2 pF, the capacitance values ​​of the third matching capacitor C3 and the sixth capacitor C6 can be approximately 0.3 pF, the inductance values ​​of the first matching inductor R1 and the third matching inductor R3 can be approximately 6.8 nH, and the inductance values ​​of the second matching inductor R2 and the fourth matching inductor R4 can be approximately 1.5 nH.

[0295] Figure 65 is an S-parameter curve diagram of the antenna assembly when the plane where the antenna assembly is located is set perpendicular to the plane where the floor 50 is located. It can be seen from Figure 65 that the first working frequency band of the antenna assembly is the 2.4 GHz band, the second working frequency band is the 5 GHz band, and the third working frequency band is the 6 GHz band. It can be seen that the antenna assembly can cover various frequency bands of WLAN; in addition, in the first working frequency band, the second working frequency band and the third working frequency band, the isolation of the antenna assembly is greater than 18 dB, and the antenna assembly has a high isolation.

[0296] Figure 66 shows the antenna assembly's antenna efficiency curve when the plane of the antenna assembly is perpendicular to the plane of floor 50. As shown in Figure 66, the antenna efficiency is better than -1.5dB in the first, second, and third operating frequency bands, demonstrating the antenna assembly's excellent performance. In implementations where the communication device includes a telematics processor, the antenna assembly provides excellent communication quality with user terminals, satellites, communication base stations, and other devices, thereby improving vehicle positioning and navigation accuracy.

[0297] Scene 6

[0298] As shown in FIG67 , the difference between this scenario and the above scenario is that the first radiator 10 includes a first radiating branch 101, a second radiating branch 102, and a fifth radiating branch 104 connected to each other, the conductive bridge 30 includes a first conductive bridge 301, a second conductive bridge 302, and a third conductive bridge 309, and the second radiator 20 includes a third radiating branch 201, a fourth radiating branch 202, and a sixth radiating branch 206 connected to each other; the first radiating branch 101, the third radiating branch 201, and the first conductive bridge 301 are located in a first plane, and the first radiating branch 101 is connected to the third radiating branch 201 through the first conductive bridge 301. 1 is coupled and connected, and a first feeding terminal 204 is provided on the third radiating branch 201; the second radiating branch 102, the fourth radiating branch 202 and the second conductive bridge 302 are located in the second plane, the second radiating branch 102 is coupled and connected to the fourth radiating branch 202 via the second conductive bridge 302, and the fourth radiating branch 202 is provided with a second feeding terminal 205; the fifth radiating branch 104, the sixth radiating branch 206 and the third conductive bridge 309 are located in the third plane, the fifth radiating branch 104 is coupled and connected to the sixth radiating branch 206 via the third conductive bridge 309, and the sixth radiating branch 206 is provided with a third feeding terminal 209.

[0299] Through the above configuration, the first antenna 100 includes a first feeding terminal 204, a third radiating branch 201, a first conductive bridge 301, and a first radiating branch 101; the second antenna 200 includes a second feeding terminal 205, a fourth radiating branch 202, a second conductive bridge 302, and a second radiating branch 102; and the third antenna 300 includes a third feeding terminal 209, a fifth radiating branch 104, a third conductive bridge 309, and a sixth radiating branch 206. Any one of the first antenna 100, the second antenna 200, and the third antenna 300 can be decoupled from the other two, thereby achieving self-decoupling of the antenna assembly.

[0300] The first plane, the second plane and the third plane intersect at a same straight line perpendicular to the floor, and the first plane, the second plane and the third plane are symmetrically arranged around the center of the straight line.

[0301] In this scenario, the first, second, and third planes intersect on a common line perpendicular to floor 50, and are symmetrically arranged about the center of the line. That is, the angles between the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane are all 120°. For example, first antenna 100, second antenna 200, and third antenna 300 can also be symmetrically arranged about the center of the line to improve the structural regularity of the antenna assembly and facilitate its manufacture.

[0302] Referring to Figures 67 and 68 , in some implementations, the antenna assembly further includes a first dielectric plate 602, a second dielectric plate 603, and a third dielectric plate 604. The first dielectric plate 602, the second dielectric plate 603, and the third dielectric plate 604 are all disposed perpendicular to the floor 50. The first dielectric plate 602, the second dielectric plate 603, and the third dielectric plate 604 intersect on a common straight line perpendicular to the floor 50 and are symmetrically arranged about the center of the straight line. The first antenna 100 is disposed on the first dielectric plate 602, the second antenna 200 is disposed on the second dielectric plate 603, and the third antenna 300 is disposed on the third dielectric plate 604. This arrangement facilitates support and fixation of the first antenna 100, the second antenna 200, and the third antenna 300.

[0303] FIG69 shows the structure of the first antenna 100. In the figure, L11 can be 20.5 mm, L14 can be 15.7 mm, D1 can be 4.8 mm, L16 can be 5 mm, L17 can be 2 mm, L18 can be 10 mm, L19 can be 3 mm, L20 can be 3.5 mm, L21 can be 5 mm, L22 can be 2.5 mm, L23 can be 4 mm, L24 can be 9 mm, L25 can be 5 mm, L26 can be 6.4 mm, L27 can be 4.5 mm, and L28 can be 2 mm. It is understood that the structures of the second antenna 200 and the third antenna 300 can be substantially the same as those of the first antenna 100 and will not be described in detail here.

[0304] It is understood that the open end of the first radiating branch 101 (the position corresponding to L16) is bent. This configuration can increase the current length of the first radiating branch 101 and the impedance of the first radiating branch 101. In addition, a recessed structure (the portion corresponding to L18) is provided on the first radiating branch 101, which can also increase the impedance of the first radiating branch 101. Since the open end of the first radiating branch 101 is bent, the length of the first radiating branch 101 can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the antenna assembly.

[0305] Similarly, the open end of the second radiating branch 102 (at the position corresponding to L23) is bent. This configuration can increase the current length of the second radiating branch 102 and the impedance of the second radiating branch 102. In addition, a recessed structure (at the portion corresponding to L21) is provided on the second radiating branch 102, which can also increase the impedance of the second radiating branch 102. Since the open end of the second radiating branch 102 is bent, the length of the second radiating branch 102 can be reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the antenna assembly.

[0306] As shown in FIG. 70 , illustratively, when a signal in the first operating frequency band is fed to the first feeding terminal 204 , the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is zero or close to zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 , thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 ; at the same time, the current at the third feeding terminal 209 is also zero or close to zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the third antenna 300 , thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the third antenna 300 . Similarly, as shown in FIG71 , when the second operating frequency band is fed to the first feeding terminal 204, the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is zero or close to zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200; at the same time, the current at the third feeding terminal 209 is zero or close to zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the third antenna 300, thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the third antenna 300.

[0307] Figure 72 is a schematic diagram of antenna matching for the antenna assembly. The first feed terminal 204 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a first matching capacitor C1 and a second matching inductor R2 connected in series. The first feed terminal 204 is also grounded via the first matching inductor R1, and the end of the second matching inductor R2 facing the first matching capacitor C1 is grounded via the second matching capacitor C2. The second feed terminal 205 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a third matching capacitor C3 and a fourth matching inductor R4 connected in series. The second feed terminal 205 is also grounded via the third matching inductor R3, and the end of the fourth matching inductor R4 facing the third matching capacitor C3 is grounded via the fourth matching capacitor C4. The third feed terminal 209 of the antenna assembly is connected to the transceiver 110 via a fifth matching capacitor C5 and a sixth matching inductor R6 connected in series. The third feed terminal 209 is also grounded via the fifth matching inductor R5, and the end of the sixth matching inductor R6 facing the fifth matching capacitor C5 is grounded via the sixth matching capacitor C6.

[0308] By properly setting the parameters of the matching capacitors and matching inductors, the impedance of the antenna assembly can be matched to the impedance of the interface of the transceiver 110. In an implementation where the impedance of the transceiver 110 interface is 50Ω, the inductance of the first matching inductor R1, the third matching inductor R3, and the fifth matching inductor R5 can be approximately 10nH, the capacitance of the first matching capacitor C1, the third matching capacitor C3, and the fifth matching capacitor C5 can be approximately 0.5pF, the capacitance of the second matching capacitor C2, the fourth matching capacitor C4, and the sixth matching capacitor C6 can be approximately 0.2pF, and the inductance of the second matching inductor R2, the fourth matching inductor R4, and the sixth matching inductor R6 can be approximately 1nH.

[0309] Figure 73 is a graph of the S-parameters of the antenna assembly in this scenario. As shown in Figure 73, the first operating frequency band of the antenna assembly is 2.4 GHz, the second operating frequency band is 5 GHz, and the third operating frequency band is 6 GHz, indicating that the antenna assembly can cover all WLAN frequency bands. Furthermore, Figure 73 shows that when S11 is less than -6 dB and S21 is less than 15 dB, the frequency bands covering 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz and 4.59 GHz to 9.4 GHz can be covered. This antenna assembly maintains high isolation while also having a wide operating frequency bandwidth (ultra-wideband high-isolation MIMO antenna).

[0310] Referring to FIG. 74 , another embodiment further provides an antenna assembly comprising a conductive plate 70, a first radiator, a second radiator, and a conductive bridge. The first radiator comprises a first slot 105 disposed on the conductive plate 70, and the second radiator comprises a second slot 207 disposed on the conductive plate 70. The second radiator is spaced apart from the first radiator. A first feeding terminal 204 and a second feeding terminal 205 are spaced apart on the conductive plate 70 corresponding to the second radiator. Power can be fed to the antenna assembly via the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205. The conductive bridge may comprise a third slot 306 disposed between the first radiator and the second radiator. One end of the third slot 306 is connected to the first slot, and the other end of the third slot 306 is connected to the second slot 207.

[0311] Through the above configuration, the antenna assembly includes a first antenna 100 and a second antenna 200. The first antenna 100 includes: a first feeding end 204, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator. The second antenna 200 includes a second feeding end 205, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 include the same frequency band.

[0312] Similar to the above embodiment, when a signal is fed into the first feeding terminal 204, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 simultaneously excite differential-mode current and common-mode current. The differential-mode current and the common-mode current have the same direction at the first feeding terminal 204 and are retained after superposition. The differential-mode current and the common-mode current have opposite directions and are approximately equal in magnitude at the second feeding terminal 205. After superposition, the current at the second feeding terminal 205 is zero or near zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, improving the isolation between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, and achieving decoupling between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200. Similarly, when a signal is fed into the second feeding terminal 205, the current at the first feeding terminal 204 is zero or near zero, thereby eliminating or reducing interference between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, improving the isolation between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, and achieving decoupling between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, i.e., self-decoupling of the antenna assembly.

[0313] The antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application has a first radiator and a second radiator spaced apart. The first radiator includes a first slot 105 disposed on a conductive plate 70, and the second radiator includes a second slot 207 disposed on the conductive plate 70. A first feeding terminal 204 and a second feeding terminal 205 are spaced apart on the conductive plate 70 corresponding to the second radiator, and power can be fed to the antenna assembly through the first feeding terminal 204 and the second feeding terminal 205. A conductive bridge includes a third slot 306 disposed between the first and second radiators, one end of the third slot 306 communicating with the first slot, and the other end of the third slot 306 communicating with the second slot 207. The antenna assembly includes a first antenna 100 and a second antenna 200, and the operating frequency bands of the first and second antennas 100 and 200 include the same frequency band. The first antenna 100 includes a first feeding terminal 204, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator, and the second antenna 200 includes a second feeding terminal 205, a first radiator, a conductive bridge, and a second radiator. When the antenna assembly is fed through the first feeding end 204 or the second feeding end 205, the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200 both operate in the same frequency band, and there is a high degree of isolation between the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200, thereby achieving decoupling of the first antenna 100 and the second antenna 200.

[0314] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that: include: first radiator; a second radiator, the second radiator being spaced apart from the first radiator, and the second radiator being spaced apart with a first feeding end and a second feeding end; a conductive bridge, the conductive bridge being disposed between the first radiator and the second radiator, wherein a first end of the conductive bridge is coupled to the first radiator, and a second end of the conductive bridge is coupled to the second radiator; The antenna assembly includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna includes: the first feeding end, the first radiator, the conductive bridge, and the second radiator. The second antenna includes the second feeding end, the first radiator, the conductive bridge, and the second radiator. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna include the same frequency band.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The first radiator includes a first radiating branch located on one side of the conductive bridge and a second radiating branch located on the other side of the conductive bridge. The conductive bridge is coupled to the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: The first radiator further includes a connecting branch, and an end of the first radiating branch close to the second radiating branch and an end of the second radiating branch close to the first radiating branch are connected through the connecting branch.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 2, wherein: An end of the first radiation branch close to the second radiation branch is spaced apart from an end of the second radiation branch close to the first radiation branch.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, wherein: The distance between one end of the first radiation branch close to the second radiation branch and one end of the second radiation branch close to the first radiation branch is 0.05-0.25 times the length of the first radiator.

6. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A first groove and / or a first protrusion is provided on the second radiator between the first feeding end and the second feeding end.

7. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The conductive bridge includes a first conductive bridge and a second conductive bridge arranged at intervals, the first end of the first conductive bridge and the first end of the second conductive bridge are both coupled to the second radiator, the second end of the first conductive bridge is coupled to an end of the first radiation branch close to the second radiation branch, and the second end of the second conductive bridge is coupled to an end of the second radiation branch close to the first radiation branch.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, wherein: A first midpoint of the first radiator along the extension direction and a second midpoint of the second radiator along the extension direction are spaced apart in the extension direction of the first radiator, the second midpoint is located between the first feeding end and the second feeding end, and the distance between the first midpoint and the first feeding end is smaller than the distance between the second midpoint and the second feeding end.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 8, wherein: A distance between a third midpoint of a connection line between the first conductive bridge and the second conductive bridge and the first midpoint in an extending direction of the first radiator is less than or equal to 2 mm.

10. The antenna assembly according to claim 9, wherein: The first conductive bridge and the second radiator are coupled via a first inductive structure, or the first conductive bridge and the first radiating branch are coupled via a first inductive structure.

11. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that: The operating frequency band of the first antenna includes a first operating frequency band and a second operating frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna includes the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, wherein the first antenna is used to generate a first resonance and a second resonance in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, respectively, and the second antenna is used to generate a third resonance and a fourth resonance in the first operating frequency band and the second operating frequency band, respectively.

12. The antenna assembly according to claim 11, wherein: The current distribution corresponding to the first resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the first feeding end through part of the second radiator, the conductive bridge and the first radiating branch to the open end of the first radiating branch; the current distribution corresponding to the third resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the second feeding end through part of the second radiator, the conductive bridge and the second radiating branch to the open end of the second radiating branch; the current distribution corresponding to the second resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the first feeding end through the second radiator to the first open end of the second radiator; and the current distribution corresponding to the fourth resonance is a unidirectional current flowing from the second feeding end through the second radiator to the second open end of the second radiator.

13. The antenna assembly according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: A frequency ratio of a center frequency of the second operating frequency band to a center frequency of the first operating frequency band is 1.68-2.

8.

14. The antenna assembly according to claim 13, wherein: The operating frequency bands of the first antenna and the second antenna further include a third operating frequency band, and a center frequency of the third operating frequency band is greater than a center frequency of the first operating frequency band and a center frequency of the second operating frequency band.

15. The antenna assembly according to claim 14, wherein: The first antenna is used to generate a fifth resonance in the third operating frequency band, and the second antenna is used to generate a sixth resonance in the third operating frequency band; the fifth resonance corresponds to a higher-order mode of the first resonance, and the sixth resonance corresponds to a higher-order mode of the third resonance.

16. The antenna assembly according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: Both the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch have a preset position, and the current at the preset position is close to zero in the first working frequency band, and the current at the preset position is close to the maximum value in the third working frequency band, wherein a second groove is provided at the preset position on the first radiation branch and the second radiation branch.

17. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The length of the conductive bridge along the extending direction of the first radiator is 0.05-0.25 times the length of the first radiator.

18. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that: The second radiator includes a third radiating branch and a fourth radiating branch arranged at intervals, the first feeding end is arranged on the third radiating branch, the second feeding end is arranged on the fourth radiating branch, and the conductive bridge is coupled to both the third radiating branch and the fourth radiating branch.

19. The antenna assembly according to claim 18, wherein: The distance between the third radiation branch and the fourth radiation branch is 0.05-0.25 times the length of the first radiator.

20. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein: The first feeding end includes a first feeding branch provided on the second radiator, and the second feeding end includes a second feeding branch provided on the second radiator.

21. The antenna assembly according to claim 20, wherein: The antenna assembly also includes a second inductance structure and a third inductance structure, one end of the second inductance structure is coupled to the first feed branch, and the other end of the second inductance structure is grounded, one end of the third inductance structure is coupled to the second feed branch, and the other end of the third inductance structure is grounded.

22. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that: The first feeding end and the second feeding end are spaced apart along an extension direction of the second radiator, and a distance between the first feeding end and the second feeding end is 0.25-0.5 times the length of the second radiator.

23. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that: The width of the second radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension is 1 / 3-3 times the width of the first radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension, and the width of the second radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension and the width of the first radiator along the direction perpendicular to the extension are both greater than or equal to 1 mm.

24. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the second radiator to the length of the first radiator may be 0.46-0.

66.

25. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the first radiator, the difference in length of the portion of the first radiator on both sides of the conductive bridge is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the first radiator; along the extension direction of the second radiator, the difference in length of the portion of the second radiator on both sides of the conductive bridge is less than or equal to 0.1 times the length of the second radiator.

26. The antenna assembly according to claim 25, wherein: A difference between a distance between the first feeding end and the conductive bridge and a distance between the second feeding end and the conductive bridge is less than or equal to 0.1 times a length of the conductive bridge along an extending direction of the first radiator.

27. The antenna assembly according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that The conductive bridge includes a first conductive bridge and a second conductive bridge arranged at intervals, wherein the first end of the first conductive bridge and the first end of the second conductive bridge are both coupled to the second radiator, the second end of the first conductive bridge is coupled to an end of the first radiation branch close to the second radiation branch, and the second end of the second conductive bridge is coupled to an end of the second radiation branch close to the first radiation branch; A difference between the lengths of the first conductive bridge and the second conductive bridge along an extending direction of the first radiator is less than or equal to 1 mm.

28. The antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein: The first radiator includes a first radiating branch, a second radiating branch, and a fifth radiating branch, the conductive bridge includes a first conductive bridge, a second conductive bridge, and a third conductive bridge, and the second radiator includes a third radiating branch, a fourth radiating branch, and a sixth radiating branch; The first radiation branch, the third radiation branch and the first conductive bridge are located in a first plane, the first radiation branch is coupled to the third radiation branch via the first conductive bridge, and the third radiation branch is provided with a first feeding terminal; The second radiation branch, the fourth radiation branch and the second conductive bridge are located in a second plane, the second radiation branch is coupled to the fourth radiation branch via the second conductive bridge, and the fourth radiation branch is provided with a second feeding terminal; The fifth radiation branch, the sixth radiation branch and the third conductive bridge are located in a third plane, the fifth radiation branch is coupled to the sixth radiation branch via the third conductive bridge, and the sixth radiation branch is provided with a third feeding terminal; The first plane, the second plane, and the third plane intersect at a same straight line perpendicular to the floor, and the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane are symmetrically arranged around the center of the straight line.

29. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises a housing and the antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 28, wherein the housing is configured to form a mounting cavity, and the antenna assembly is disposed in the mounting cavity.

30. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body and the communication device according to claim 29, wherein the communication device is arranged on the vehicle body.

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