Inductive energy-storage forming line type nanosecond pulse generator having output pulse regulation and control capability

Abstract

An inductive energy-storage forming line type nanosecond pulse generator having an output pulse regulation and control capability, the generator comprising a pulse forming main switch Mmain, a primary energy storage capacitor C, a transmission line Zstorage, a regulation and control switch Mcut, a modulation resistor Rcon, a load Rload and a voltage source Udc. The provided inductive energy-storage forming line type nanosecond pulse generator having an output pulse regulation and control capability regulates and controls, by means of two switches, an electromagnetic wave transmission process in a transmission line during pulse forming while having a high-gain nanosecond square-wave pulse output capability, thus realizing the output impedance matching modulation of a pulse source and having good practical value in biomedical applications.

Description

An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the application field of pulse power devices, and in particular to an inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability. Background Art

[0002] Nanosecond pulsed electric fields can induce intracellular effects, leading to in situ immune apoptosis, and hold great potential for treating highly malignant tumors and preventing recurrence and metastasis. The anisotropy of biological tissues places higher demands on the pulse generator's output waveform, such as a more ideal square wave and shorter pulses. More importantly, the pulse generator must possess impedance matching capabilities to accommodate biological loads of varying impedances, ultimately achieving the goal of precise and personalized treatment.

[0003] Pulse forming lines (PFLs) utilize electromagnetic wave processes in transmission lines to form pulses, offering a novel approach for generating short, square-wave nanosecond pulses. However, because the insulating dielectric used in transmission lines has constant electrical parameters and fixed physical dimensions, pulse forming line circuits require strict impedance matching to suppress catadioptric oscillations in the output waveform. When the load impedance does not match the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, oscillations occur at the tail of the output pulse, affecting the waveform output.

[0004] Existing pulse-forming circuits require strict impedance matching to suppress catadioptric oscillations at the tail of the output waveform, making them unsuitable for bioloads with gradually varying impedances. This led to a solution: using a custom coaxial cable to build a Blumlein pulse generator. Adjusting the transmission line impedance by varying the insulating dielectric material was a potential solution. While this Blumlein pulse generator provided a solution, it lacked flexibility.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability, comprising: a pulse forming main switch M main , primary energy storage capacitor C, transmission line Z storage , control switch M cut , modulation resistor R con 、Load R load , voltage source U dc .

[0007] Among them, the pulse forms the main switch M main Connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C to form the main branch, regulating the switch M cut With the modulation resistor R con The control branch is formed in parallel, and the main branch and the control branch are connected in parallel on the transmission line Zstorage Both ends.

[0008] Voltage source U dc Charge the primary energy storage capacitor C.

[0009] Transmission Line Z storage For load R load Perform pulse discharge.

[0010] Furthermore, the working states of the pulse generator include a reflection-free transmission state, a light-load state, and a heavy-load state.

[0011] The reflection-free transmission state is the load R load Impedance and Transmission Line Z storage The characteristic impedance matches the state.

[0012] The light load state is the load R load The impedance is less than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

[0013] The heavy load state is load R load Impedance greater than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

[0014] Furthermore, when the pulse generator operates in a reflection-free transmission state, the voltage amplitude of the output pulse is U0.

[0015] Furthermore, when the pulse generator is operating in a light-load state, the pulse generator transmits the reflected energy generated by the impedance mismatch through the transmission line Z storage Directly consumed in the modulation resistor R con Thus, the oscillation at the tail of the pulse waveform is eliminated.

[0016] Furthermore, when the pulse generator operates in a heavy-load state, a reverse electromagnetic wave, ie, negative energy, will appear at the end of the output of the first pulse wave.

[0017] In the pulse forming main switch M main Under the action of the diode in the transmission line, the negative energy does not enter the transmission line Z storage Instead, the primary energy storage capacitor C is charged directly, and the reflected energy is absorbed by the primary energy storage capacitor C, thereby eliminating the oscillation at the tail of the pulse waveform.

[0018] Furthermore, the circuit topology of the pulse generator is as follows:

[0019] Let voltage source U dc The positive end is terminal A, the negative end is terminal B, and terminal B is grounded.

[0020] Transmission line Z storageThe four terminals are marked as C, D, E and F respectively.

[0021] The pulse forms the main switch M main With control switch M cut Both use MOSFET switches.

[0022] The A terminal is connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C and then to the B terminal.

[0023] The A terminal is connected in series with the load R load Then connected to the pulse forming main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source is connected to the B terminal.

[0024] The A end is connected in series with the transmission line Z storage F end, transmission line Z storage The E-terminal series pulse forms the main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source is connected to the B terminal.

[0025] The control switch M cut The source is grounded.

[0026] The regulating switch M cut The drain series modulation resistor R con Then connect to the control switch M cut The source.

[0027] The control switch M cut The drain series transmission line Z storage D end, transmission line Z storage The C terminal is connected to the control switch M cut The source.

[0028] Furthermore, the modulation resistor R con Includes thick film non-inductive resistors.

[0029] The primary energy storage capacitor C includes an electrolytic capacitor.

[0030] Furthermore, the working process of the pulse generator includes an energy storage stage and a pulse forming stage.

[0031] Furthermore, when the pulse generator works in the energy storage stage, the pulse forms the main switch M main and modulation switch M cut Both are in a closed state, and the electric field in the primary energy storage capacitor C can be supplied to the transmission line Z in the form of current. storage The unit inductance in the transmission line Z is charged and the energy is stored in the form of magnetic field. storage middle.

[0032] Furthermore, when the pulse generator operates in the pulse forming stage, the pulse forming main switch M main In disconnected state, transmission line Z storage It acts as a secondary energy storage element to discharge the load, forming nanosecond pulses.

[0033] The output waveform of the nanosecond pulse is adjustable, and the adjustment method includes: adjusting the modulation switch M cut The on-off time.

[0034] The technical effect of the present invention is unquestionable. The present invention proposes an inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability. While having the capability of outputting high-gain nanosecond square wave pulses, the electromagnetic wave transmission process in the transmission line during pulse formation is regulated by dual switches, thereby realizing output impedance matching modulation of the pulse source, and having good practical value in biomedical applications.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0036] 1. The present invention can achieve flexible control of the output impedance of the pulse source and eliminate the oscillation at the tail of the output pulse waveform caused by impedance mismatch;

[0037] 2. The present invention can generate square wave pulse output of several nanoseconds, which has good practical value in the application of nanosecond pulse biological effects;

[0038] 3. The present invention has a higher voltage gain, which greatly reduces the demand for DC charging power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] FIG1 is a novel nanosecond pulse generator of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 shows the pulse formation process of the novel nanosecond pulse generator. Figure 2(a) shows the power flow loop during the energy storage phase, and Figure 2(b) shows the power flow loop during the pulse formation phase.

[0041] Figure 3 shows the reflected wave flow loop when the load impedance of the new nanosecond pulse generator is mismatched. Figure 3(a) shows the reflected wave flow loop under heavy-load adaptive modulation, and Figure 3(b) shows the reflected wave flow loop under light-load impedance modulation.

[0042] Figure 4 shows the experimental platform for the new nanosecond pulse generator;

[0043] Figure 5 shows the output waveforms of different pulse widths when the load impedance is matched;

[0044] Figure 6 shows the waveform of the heavy-load impedance matching modulation experiment. Figure 6(a) shows the output voltage waveform without modulation, and Figure 6(b) shows the output voltage waveform under heavy-load adaptive modulation.

[0045] Figure 7 shows the waveform of the light-load impedance matching modulation experiment. Figure 7(a) shows the output voltage waveform without modulation, and Figure 7(b) shows the output voltage waveform under light-load modulation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the following examples, but it should not be understood that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and modifications can be made according to common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, and all should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] 1 to 7, an inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability includes: a pulse forming main switch M main , primary energy storage capacitor C, transmission line Z storage , control switch M cut , modulation resistor R con 、Load R load , voltage source U dc .

[0049] The transmission line Z storage It is not only used to transmit electrical energy and electrical signals, but can also constitute reactive resonant elements, including inductors and capacitors.

[0050] Among them, the pulse forms the main switch M main Connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C to form the main branch, regulating the switch M cut With the modulation resistor R con The control branch is formed in parallel, and the main branch and the control branch are connected in parallel on the transmission line Z storage Both ends.

[0051] Voltage source U dc Charge the primary energy storage capacitor C.

[0052] Transmission Line Z storage For load R load Perform pulse discharge.

[0053] The working states of the pulse generator include a reflection-free transmission state, a light-load state, and a heavy-load state.

[0054] The reflection-free transmission state is the load R load Impedance and Transmission Line Z storage The characteristic impedance matches the state.

[0055] The light load state is the load R load The impedance is less than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

[0056] The heavy load state is load R load Impedance greater than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

[0057] When the load impedance matches the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, the output pulse has a complete voltage amplitude U0. Under different pulse width modulation conditions, the output waveform is shown in Figure 5.

[0058] When the load impedance does not match the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, refraction and reflection will occur at the load end. For conventional pulse forming lines, the presence of reflected waves will cause oscillations at the tail of the output pulse waveform. For the topology of the present invention, this part of the reflected energy will be absorbed or consumed, thereby eliminating the oscillations at the tail of the pulse waveform.

[0059] When the pulse generator operates in a reflection-free transmission state, the voltage amplitude of the output pulse is U0.

[0060] When the pulse generator is working in a light load state, the pulse generator transmits the reflected energy generated by the impedance mismatch through the transmission line Z storage Directly consumed in the modulation resistor R con The reflected wave motion loop is shown in the arrow of Figure 3(b). Figure 7(a) shows the output pulse without modulation when a 20 ohm resistor is used as the load. The voltage pulse waveform shows an obvious step wave. Figure 7(b) shows the output pulse waveform after light load modulation. The modulation results at 8ns, 15ns, and 20ns are listed. It can be found that the step-shaped oscillation at the tail of the wave is well eliminated, which verifies the impedance matching modulation principle under light load and the impedance matching modulation capability of the proposed topology under light load.

[0061] When the pulse generator works in a heavy-load state, a reverse electromagnetic wave, ie, negative energy, will appear at the end of the output of the first pulse wave.

[0062] In the pulse forming main switch M main Under the action of the diode in the transmission line, the negative energy does not enter the transmission line Z storage Instead, the primary energy storage capacitor C is charged directly. The reflected energy is absorbed by the primary energy storage capacitor C, thereby eliminating the oscillation at the tail of the pulse waveform. The motion loop of the reflected wave is shown by the arrow in Figure 3(a). Figure 6(a) shows the output pulse waveform without modulation when a 200 ohm resistor is used as a load. It can be seen that positive and negative oscillations appear at the tail of the pulse wave. Figure 6(b) shows the output pulse waveform of the proposed topology under heavy-load adaptive modulation. This article lists the outputs at different pulse widths of 8ns, 18ns, and 20ns. There is no government oscillation at the tail of the waveform, and the heavy-load adaptive impedance matching capability of the proposed circuit is verified.

[0063] The circuit topology of the pulse generator is shown below:

[0064] Let voltage source U dc The positive end is terminal A, the negative end is terminal B, and terminal B is grounded.

[0065] Transmission line Z storage The four terminals are marked as C, D, E and F respectively.

[0066] The pulse forms the main switch M main With control switch M cut Both use MOSFET switches.

[0067] The A terminal is connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C and then to the B terminal.

[0068] The A terminal is connected in series with the load R load Then connected to the pulse forming main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source is connected to the B terminal.

[0069] The A end is connected in series with the transmission line Z storage F end, transmission line Z storage The E-terminal series pulse forms the main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source is connected to the B terminal.

[0070] The control switch M cut The source is grounded.

[0071] The control switch M cut The drain series modulation resistor R con Then connect to the control switch M cut The source.

[0072] The control switch M cut The drain series transmission line Z storage D end, transmission line Z storage The C terminal is connected to the control switch M cut The source.

[0073] Modulation resistor R con Including thick film non-inductive resistor. The modulation resistor R con The structure uses a thick film non-inductive resistor with a small parasitic inductance and a resistance value of 50 ohms.

[0074] The primary energy storage capacitor C comprises an electrolytic capacitor. The primary energy storage capacitor C is an electrolytic capacitor with fast charge and discharge capabilities, and the capacitance is 100nF.

[0075] The transmission line Z storageSelect a transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

[0076] The working process of the pulse generator includes an energy storage stage and a pulse forming stage.

[0077] When the pulse generator works in the energy storage stage, the pulse forms the main switch M main and modulation switch M cut Both are in a closed state, and the electric field in the primary energy storage capacitor C can be supplied to the transmission line Z in the form of current. storage The unit inductance in the transmission line Z is charged and the energy is stored in the form of magnetic field. storage middle.

[0078] When the pulse generator works in the pulse forming stage, the pulse forming main switch M main In disconnected state, transmission line Z storage It acts as a secondary energy storage element to discharge the load, forming nanosecond pulses.

[0079] The output waveform of the nanosecond pulse is adjustable, and the adjustment method includes: adjusting the modulation switch M cut The on-off time.

[0080] Example 2:

[0081] 1 to 7, an inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability includes: a pulse forming main switch M main , primary energy storage capacitor C, transmission line Z storage , control switch M cut , modulation resistor R con 、Load R load , voltage source U dc .

[0082] The transmission line Z storage It is not only used to transmit electrical energy and electrical signals, but can also constitute reactive resonant elements, including inductors and capacitors.

[0083] Among them, the pulse forms the main switch M main Connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C to form the main branch, regulating the switch M cut With the modulation resistor R con The control branch is formed in parallel, and the main branch and the control branch are connected in parallel on the transmission line Z storage Both ends.

[0084] Voltage source U dc Charge the primary energy storage capacitor C.

[0085] Transmission Line Z storage For load R load Perform pulse discharge.

[0086] Example 3:

[0087] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability is disclosed, mainly in Example 2. The working states of the pulse generator include a reflection-free transmission state, a light-load state, and a heavy-load state.

[0088] The reflection-free transmission state is the load R load Impedance and Transmission Line Z storage The characteristic impedance matches the state.

[0089] The light load state is the load R load The impedance is less than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

[0090] The heavy load state is load R load Impedance greater than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

[0091] When the load impedance matches the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, the output pulse has a complete voltage amplitude U0. Under different pulse width modulation conditions, the output waveform is shown in Figure 5.

[0092] When the load impedance does not match the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, refraction and reflection will occur at the load end. For conventional pulse forming lines, the presence of reflected waves will cause oscillations at the tail of the output pulse waveform. For the topology of the present invention, this part of the reflected energy will be absorbed or consumed, thereby eliminating the oscillations at the tail of the pulse waveform.

[0093] Example 4:

[0094] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability is disclosed, mainly in Example 3. When the pulse generator operates in a reflection-free transmission state, the voltage amplitude of the output pulse is U0.

[0095] Example 5:

[0096] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability, mainly see embodiment 3, when the pulse generator works in a light load state, the pulse generator transmits the reflected energy generated by impedance mismatch through the transmission line Z storage Directly consumed in the modulation resistor R conThe reflected wave motion loop is shown in the arrow of Figure 3(b). Figure 7(a) shows the output pulse without modulation when a 20 ohm resistor is used as the load. The voltage pulse waveform shows an obvious step wave. Figure 7(b) shows the output pulse waveform after light load modulation. The modulation results at 8ns, 15ns, and 20ns are listed. It can be found that the step-shaped oscillation at the tail of the wave is well eliminated, which verifies the impedance matching modulation principle under light load and the impedance matching modulation capability of the proposed topology under light load.

[0097] Example 6:

[0098] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability is disclosed, mainly in Example 3. When the pulse generator operates in a heavy-load state, a reverse electromagnetic wave, i.e., negative energy, will appear at the end of the first pulse wave output.

[0099] In the pulse forming main switch M main Under the action of the diode in the transmission line, the negative energy does not enter the transmission line Z storage Instead, the primary energy storage capacitor C is charged directly. The reflected energy is absorbed by the primary energy storage capacitor C, thereby eliminating the oscillation at the tail of the pulse waveform. The motion loop of the reflected wave is shown by the arrow in Figure 3(a). Figure 6(a) shows the output pulse waveform without modulation when a 200 ohm resistor is used as a load. It can be seen that positive and negative oscillations appear at the tail of the pulse wave. Figure 6(b) shows the output pulse waveform of the proposed topology under heavy-load adaptive modulation. This article lists the outputs at different pulse widths of 8ns, 18ns, and 20ns. There is no government oscillation at the tail of the waveform, and the heavy-load adaptive impedance matching capability of the proposed circuit is verified.

[0100] Example 7:

[0101] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability is provided, mainly in Example 2. The circuit topology of the pulse generator is as follows:

[0102] Let voltage source U dc The positive end is terminal A, the negative end is terminal B, and terminal B is grounded.

[0103] Transmission line Z storage The four terminals are marked as C, D, E and F respectively.

[0104] The pulse forms the main switch M main With control switch M cut Both use MOSFET switches.

[0105] The A terminal is connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C and then to the B terminal.

[0106] The A terminal is connected in series with the load R load Then connected to the pulse forming main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source is connected to the B terminal.

[0107] The A end is connected in series with the transmission line Z storage F end, transmission line Z storage The E-terminal series pulse forms the main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source is connected to the B terminal.

[0108] The control switch M cut The source is grounded.

[0109] The control switch M cut The drain series modulation resistor R con Then connect to the control switch M cut The source.

[0110] The control switch M cut The drain series transmission line Z storage D end, transmission line Z storage The C terminal is connected to the control switch M cut The source.

[0111] Example 8:

[0112] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability, mainly see Example 2, modulation resistor R con Including thick film non-inductive resistor. The modulation resistor R con The structure uses a thick film non-inductive resistor with a small parasitic inductance and a resistance value of 50 ohms.

[0113] The primary energy storage capacitor C comprises an electrolytic capacitor. The primary energy storage capacitor C is an electrolytic capacitor with fast charge and discharge capabilities, and the capacitance is 100nF.

[0114] The transmission line Z storage Select a transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

[0115] Example 9:

[0116] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability is disclosed, mainly in Example 2. The working process of the pulse generator includes an energy storage stage and a pulse formation stage.

[0117] Example 10:

[0118] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability, mainly see embodiment 9, when the pulse generator works in the energy storage stage, the pulse forming main switch M main and modulation switch M cut Both are in a closed state, and the electric field in the primary energy storage capacitor C can be supplied to the transmission line Z in the form of current. storage The unit inductance in the transmission line Z is charged and the energy is stored in the form of magnetic field. storage middle.

[0119] Example 11:

[0120] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability, mainly see embodiment 9, when the pulse generator works in the pulse forming stage, the pulse forming main switch M main In disconnected state, transmission line Z storage It acts as a secondary energy storage element to discharge the load, forming nanosecond pulses.

[0121] The output waveform of the nanosecond pulse is adjustable, and the adjustment method includes: adjusting the modulation switch M cut The on-off time.

[0122] Example 12:

[0123] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability is constructed. The topology consists of a pulse forming main switch M main , primary energy storage capacitor C, transmission line Z storage , control switch M cut And modulation resistor R con Composition, R load is the load. Among them, the main switch M main Connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C to form the main branch, regulating the switch M cut With the modulation resistor R con The control branch is formed in parallel, and the main branch and the control branch are connected in parallel on the transmission line Z storage Both ends.

[0124] The pulse forms the main switch M main , and control switch M cut Choose a MOSFET with a faster switching speed.

[0125] The modulation resistor R con The structure uses a thick film non-inductive resistor with a small parasitic inductance and a resistance value of 50 ohms.

[0126] The primary energy storage capacitor C is an electrolytic capacitor with fast charge and discharge capabilities, and the capacitance is 100nF.

[0127] The transmission line Zstorage Select a transmission line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

[0128] The novel nanosecond pulse generator has the capability of adaptively controlling output impedance under heavy load conditions and the capability of modulating output impedance under light load conditions.

[0129] The novel nanosecond pulse generator, under heavy load conditions, due to M main Due to the effect of the body diode, the negative reflected energy generated by the impedance mismatch does not enter the transmission line, but directly passes through the M main The body diode charges the primary energy storage capacitor C of the main branch, the reflected energy is absorbed, and the tail oscillation of the output pulse waveform is eliminated, achieving the effect of adaptive control of heavy-load output impedance.

[0130] The novel nanosecond pulse generator uses the modulation terminal to modulate the load R under light load conditions. con The reflected energy generated by the impedance mismatch is directly consumed on the modulation end load through the transmission line, and the tail oscillation of the output pulse is eliminated, achieving the effect of light-load output impedance regulation.

[0131] Example 13:

[0132] An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse control capability. The circuit topology operation process includes an energy storage stage and a pulse formation stage. The operation process of each stage is as follows:

[0133] Energy storage stage: pulse forming main switch M main and modulation switch M cut Both are in a closed state, and the electric field in the primary energy storage capacitor C can be supplied to the transmission line Z in the form of current. storage The countless unit inductors in the transmission line are charged, and energy is stored in the form of a magnetic field in the transmission line. Figure 2(a) shows the power flow loop of the circuit in the energy storage stage.

[0134] Pulse forming stage: Pulse forming main switch M main In disconnected state, Z storage As a secondary energy storage element, it discharges to the load, forming a pulse. By adjusting M cut The on-off time of the pulse output is used to modulate the pulse output waveform. Figure 2(b) shows the power flow loop during the pulse formation stage.

[0135] The prototype of the new nanosecond pulse generator and the experimental platform are shown in Figure 4.

[0136] When the load impedance matches the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, the output pulse has a complete voltage amplitude U0. Under different pulse width modulation conditions, the output waveform is shown in Figure 5.

[0137] When the load impedance does not match the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, refraction and reflection will occur at the load end. For conventional pulse forming lines, the presence of reflected waves will cause oscillations at the tail of the output pulse waveform. For the topology of the present invention, this part of the reflected energy will be absorbed or consumed, thereby eliminating the oscillations at the tail of the pulse waveform.

[0138] Under heavy load conditions (load impedance is greater than the characteristic impedance of the transmission line), after the new nanosecond pulse generator completes the first wave process, due to the difference between the load and the characteristic impedance, a reverse electromagnetic wave will appear at the end of the first wave process, that is, negative energy. main Due to the action of the body diode, the negative energy does not enter the transmission line, but directly passes through the M main The body diode charges the primary energy storage capacitor C in the main branch. The motion loop of the reflected wave is shown by the arrow in Figure 3(a). Figure 6(a) shows the unmodulated output pulse waveform when a 200-ohm resistor is used as the load. Positive and negative oscillations can be observed at the tail of the pulse wave. Figure 6(b) shows the output pulse waveform of the proposed topology under heavy-load adaptive modulation. This paper demonstrates the output at different pulse widths of 8ns, 18ns, and 20ns. No oscillations are observed at the tail of the waveform, verifying the heavy-load adaptive impedance matching capability of the proposed circuit.

[0139] Under light load conditions (load impedance is less than the characteristic impedance of the transmission line), after the electromagnetic wave with modulated pulse width is transmitted on the load, the modulating end is used to modulate the load R con The remaining reflected energy is directly consumed by the load at the modulation end through the transmission line. The motion loop of the reflected wave is shown by the arrow in Figure 3(b). Figure 7(a) shows the output pulse without modulation when a 20 ohm resistor is used as the load. The voltage pulse waveform shows an obvious step wave. Figure 7(b) shows the output pulse waveform after light load modulation. The modulation results at 8ns, 15ns, and 20ns are listed. It can be found that the step-shaped oscillation at the tail of the wave is well eliminated, verifying the impedance matching modulation principle under light load and the impedance matching modulation capability of the proposed topology under light load.

Claims

1. An inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability, characterized in that: include: Pulse forming main switch M main , primary energy storage capacitor C, transmission line Z storage , control switch M cut , modulation resistor R con 、Load R load , voltage source U dc . Among them, the pulse forms the main switch M main Connected in series with the primary energy storage capacitor C to form the main branch, regulating switch M cut With the modulation resistor R con The main branch and the regulating branch are connected in parallel on the transmission line Z storage Both ends; Voltage source U dc Charge the primary energy storage capacitor C; Transmission Line Z storage For load R load Perform pulse discharge.

2. According to claim 1, the inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability is characterized in that: The working states of the pulse generator include a reflection-free transmission state, a light-load state, and a heavy-load state; The reflection-free transmission state is load R load Impedance and Transmission Line Z storage The state where characteristic impedances are matched; The light load state is the load R load The impedance is less than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance. The heavy load state is load R load The impedance is greater than the transmission line Z storage The state of characteristic impedance.

3. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the pulse generator operates in a reflection-free transmission state, the voltage amplitude of the output pulse is U0.

4. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the pulse generator is working in a light load state, the pulse generator transmits the reflected energy generated by impedance mismatch through the transmission line Z storage Directly consumed in the modulation resistor R con Thus, the oscillation at the tail of the pulse waveform is eliminated.

5. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the pulse generator works in a heavy-load state, a reverse electromagnetic wave, i.e. negative energy, will appear at the end of the output of the first pulse wave; In the pulse forming main switch M main Under the action of the diode in the transmission line Z, the negative energy does not enter the transmission line Z storage Instead, the primary energy storage capacitor C is charged directly, and the reflected energy is absorbed by the primary energy storage capacitor C, thereby eliminating the oscillation at the tail of the pulse waveform.

6. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit topology of the pulse generator is shown below: Let voltage source U dc The positive end is terminal A, the negative end is terminal B, and terminal B is grounded; Transmission line Z storage The four terminals are marked as C, D, E and F respectively; The pulse forms the main switch M main With control switch M cut All use MOSFET switches; The A terminal is connected in series with a primary energy storage capacitor C and then connected to the B terminal; The A terminal is connected in series with the load R load Then connected to the pulse forming main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source of is connected to the B terminal; The A terminal is connected in series with the transmission line Z storage The F end of the transmission line Z storage The E-terminal series pulse forms the main switch M main The drain of the main switch M main The source of is connected to the B terminal; The control switch M cut The source is grounded; The control switch M cut The drain series modulation resistor R con Then connect to the control switch M cut The source of The control switch M cut The drain series transmission line Z storage D end, transmission line Z storage The C terminal is connected to the control switch M cut The source.

7. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: Modulation resistor R con Includes thick film non-inductive resistors; The primary energy storage capacitor C includes an electrolytic capacitor.

8. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working process of the pulse generator includes an energy storage stage and a pulse forming stage.

9. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the pulse generator works in the energy storage stage, the pulse forms the main switch M main and modulation switch M cut Both are in a closed state, and the electric field in the primary energy storage capacitor C can be supplied to the transmission line Z in the form of current. storage The unit inductance in the transmission line Z is charged, and the energy is stored in the form of magnetic field. storage middle.

10. The inductive energy storage linear nanosecond pulse generator with output pulse regulation capability according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the pulse generator works in the pulse forming stage, the pulse forming main switch M main In the disconnected state, the transmission line Z storage Acts as a secondary energy storage element to discharge to the load, forming nanosecond pulses; The output waveform of the nanosecond pulse is adjustable, and the adjustment method includes: adjusting the modulation switch M cut The on-off time.

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