System for the maritime transport of bees

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (1000) and method for transporting bees, which allows live bees to be exported, in hibernation state, by sea. The system (1000) comprises: a packaging device (10) comprising a drawer (11) with a funnel (12) through which the bees fall and are collected; at least one transport box (20) comprising a body (21), a cover (22) that is the same shape as, and larger than, the body (21) to completely cover the sidewalls and top of the body (21), two ventilation openings (23) arranged in two of the sidewalls of the body (21), at least one floor (24) arranged to cover the bottom of the body (21), the bees being collected in the body (21), and a feeder disposed in an opening (25) of the body (21), which feeder has a total volume of 6-8 L and contains 5-6 L of gel feed and an internal space for accommodating the bees and allowing same to feed from the perimeter of the feeder, where the gel feed is located; and at least one refrigerated container (30) in which the transport boxes (20) are arranged, pre-palletised, for the maritime transport thereof.

Description

[0001] SYSTEM FOR THE MARITIME TRANSPORT OF BEES

[0002] SCOPE

[0003] The present invention pertains to the beekeeping industry, in particular, it relates to a bee transportation system that allows the export of live hibernating bees by sea, with the aim of meeting the demand of international markets.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] Currently, the beekeeping industry has found it necessary to transport live bees to meet demand in various markets. One of the problems with this type of transport is the effect that long-distance transportation can have on the behavior and lifespan of the bees. The transportation method currently used is by air. According to studies on the transport of bees using traditional air freight boxes, it was determined that if these boxes are used in simulated refrigerated maritime transport, in a container at low temperatures, the large heat exchange surface area of ​​these boxes, combined with the refrigeration system used by this transport system, causes the bees to go into shock and begin to die shortly afterward.

[0006] According to the state of the art, attempts have been made to find solutions that allow for the transport of bees for a relatively long period. In this regard, document CN207589846 discloses a queen bee transport box suitable for long-term transport, comprising: a box body, a lid, a nest structure, and a plurality of feeding tubes. One side of the box body is provided with a circular hole for installing a feeding tube into the box body. The other two opposite sides and the lid are provided with ventilation holes. The nest structure is fixed to the bottom of the box body. Each feeding tube contains water, pollen, refined sugar, and honey, and the feeding tube is located in the box body. The survival of the bees is between 2 and 10 days.

[0007] Another solution is presented in document CN212629556, which describes a bee rearing device that is easy to transport. The device includes a box body with a cover plate, and is characterized in that the box body includes a bottom plate, a side plate, a front plate, and a rear plate on both sides of the bottom plate. A side plate slot is provided for inserting the side plate and allowing it to slide freely; the side plate is divided into several side plate units, and adjacent side plate units are connected by a box extension network.The cover plate is divided into the same number of cover units, and adjacent cover units are connected by a cover extension net; the box extension net and the cover extension net are air-permeable nets that prevent the passage of bees; the side plate comprises a bottom plate fixing device, which is used to fix the side plate when it is slid into place. Also included is an anti-sway connection device, which includes a first stepped slot, a connection frame, a connection box, a spring, and a splint.The first stepped slot is opened in the box body, and the connection box passes through the first stepped slot that is connected to the box body, the spring and the splint are arranged in the connection box, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the connection box, and the other end is fixedly connected to the splint, and the splint can be installed in the connection box. The connection box slides radially, and the two legs of the connection frame are respectively inserted next to the splints in the connection boxes of two adjacent boxes.

[0008] US8475227 relates to a bee feeder assembly comprising: (a) a container defining an interior and having: a bottom; a side wall having a lower end engaged with the bottom; and, an open top; (b) a cover member positioned over the open top, for closing the receptacle; (i) the cover member including at least one circular bee transport opening; (c) an interior bee ladder arrangement positioned within the interior of the receptacle and hanging downwardly from the cover member; (i) the interior bee ladder arrangement comprises at least one bee ladder comprising a plastic mesh having a porous side wall surrounding a hollow interior; the side wall having at least one bee ladder in a portion surrounding the hollow interior;(A) a first lower end of at least one bee ladder comprising a mesh portion deformed inwardly to define a porous sidewall lower end section that is porous in a portion that tapers toward a closed bottom edge; and, (B) a second upper end of at least one bee ladder having a generally circular cross-sectional shape and comprising an open end; (C) the pores in the sidewall and the first end of the at least one bee ladder are small enough to prevent bees from passing therethrough into the receptacle and out of the inner ladder arrangement;and, (D) the at least one bee ladder is long enough to abut the lowermost portion of the receptacle and extend to a location adjacent to and spaced apart from the lower end of the side wall such that a bee in the hollow interior of the at least one bee ladder can access liquid having a liquid level near the bottom of the receptacle; (i) the at least one bee ladder is positioned to hang downwardly from the at least one bee transport opening such that: (A) a bee entering the bee transport opening can pass through the open end of the at least one bee ladder to a location surrounded by the side wall of the bee ladder, and is prevented from exiting the interior of the bee ladder, by pore size in the side wall, except through the open end;and, (B) the side wall of at least one bee ladder does not contact the side wall of the receptacle, so that bees cannot reach the side wall of the receptacle from the bee transport opening.;

[0009] However, the proposed solutions remain inadequate for transporting bees for long periods of time, exceeding 20 days, for example. Therefore, there is a need to implement a maritime transport system for bees, with technical parameters that allow bees to be kept alive for 25 days, the period required to reach destination markets.

[0010] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0011] The present invention seeks a maritime transport box design with feeding, temperature, insulation, and airflow parameters that allow bees to be kept alive for a maximum of 25 days, the period necessary to reach the destination market. The system of the invention not only involves maritime transport, but also the packaging of the bees themselves, which then generate a hibernation pellet in which they are kept alive until their final location. The packaging is done using the method described in point 6, and thus the bees are transferred to these innovative boxes conditioned for transport, preventing mortality from rising above 5% of the total throughout the process, that is, ensuring the survival of over 95% of the bees.

[0012] The following components and transport conditions are essential to the described invention:

[0013] 1. Box or container design: The boxes have a square configuration, a design that has demonstrated greater structural strength, stability and ease of construction.

[0014] 2. Noise: The structure of the box itself is a good sound insulator, reducing the noise level by around 10 dB compared to the ambient noise inside the container. It was determined that at noise levels of 90-92 dB, the bees did not show any signs of stress.

[0015] 3. Airflow and Insulation System: Airflow is reduced to almost zero by installing boards on the floor of the container. This way, the boxes receive a slight return breeze, but not the main high-speed airflow, improving the thermal control capacity of the bee bale.

[0016] 4. Temperature and relative humidity ranges: The ambient temperature of the container to induce hibernation behavior must be below 8°C. At this temperature or higher, bees become very active, with a high rate of food consumption and confinement stress. The temperature range at which bees can be maintained for 25 days has been established (4-7°C, with 65% relative humidity). Feeding: The composition of the feed supplied during the cold period is critical to the success of the system. Bees were shown to consume sugar-based feeds more quickly than complete feeds incorporating proteins, amino acids, and vitamins. Sugar-based feeds, without proteins, were shown to increase bee viability and allowed the hibernation period to be extended up to 35 days. The 25-day captivity period implies a feed consumption rate of 120 g per day.The solution to this food demand was to develop a feeder that provides 5 to 6 liters of gelled food. Gas concentration: The system should maintain the atmospheric concentration of CO2 and O2 so that the bees can maintain adequate metabolic activity, ensuring the viability of the hibernation pellet. Packaging method: The best packaging alternative determined corresponds to a modification of traditional packaging. The developed technique involves the use of a brood chamber with a metal loading funnel at the bottom. This assembly is fixed to a metal structure with a wheel and forklift handles. The metal structure also has a height-adjustable base platform where a commercial scale with a 20-30 kg capacity and 1 g sensitivity is attached. The box to be loaded with bees is placed on the scale to meet the bee weights required by the market.Release from hibernation: Once at their destination (in spring), the bees are transferred to brood chambers or nuclei boxes, where they emerge from the temperature-induced hibernation. Once in the final apiary, the bees can survive as nuclei, recovering their activity as functional colonies within productive parameters.

[0017] A square-section box design has been determined to be the best option among those tested: it has a large surface area for gas and heat exchange, but a corrugated cardboard cover with small, fixed openings for gas and heat exchange regulates the heat exchange rate. This model allows the bees to maintain their hibernation state, achieving a balance between heat loss, which induces hibernation, and the heat-generating capacity of the bee core or bolus.

[0018] Food also plays an important role. Advances in research indicate that protein-containing food should not be fed to bees because it can lead to mortality in captivity. Since all the bees in a package are adults, they already possess protein and lipid reserves necessary, at least for the duration of the trip. For long trips (more than 20 days), the main components of food are water, carbohydrates (mainly sucrose), and agar as a gelling agent. Antioxidants, an acidifier for pH adjustment, and a preservative are also required in smaller quantities. The daily consumption rate of this food is around 80–120 g, which increases if the ambient temperature of the container is 8°C or higher.The average feed consumption rate, combined with a feeder with an effective feed volume of 5-6 liters, allows the bees inside the transport box an autonomy for about 25 days. The design of the box allows to house a feeder with a volume of 6-8 liters, of which 5-6 will be used for gelled feed. For the collection of bees, the system comprises a rectangular metal structure, to which a brood chamber is fixed, without a roof or lid, which has a metal funnel attached to its base. The diameter of the funnel tube is slightly smaller than the diameter of the body (21) of the transport box (20), so that the former can overlap well and the bees can fall directly into the body (21) of the transport box (20). The body (21) is placed on an electronic scale that is fixed on a platform that has vertical mobility, to adjust the overlap of the funnel with the box.To transport the bees to the funnel, frames with bees are collected from the donor hives, after removing the queen (she is placed in a cage). The bees are sprayed with drinking water using a spray bottle and then the frame is shaken inside the brood chamber (11) with a funnel (12), taking care that no nectar falls on the bees or surfaces of the funnel. The bees will fall into the body of the transport box (14, 21), without losing bees per flight. The bees are loaded until the desired weight is reached according to the market and the requirement of the weight of live bees at the destination, according to the expected mortality rate. The weight of the bees is determined with an electronic scale (15), attached to a base (16) that has height adjustment, which is fixed to the metal structure (13) and whose function is to lift the scale assembly (15) and the body of the transport box (14), until the box overlaps with the funnel (12), facilitating the fall of bees into the box (14).Once the desired weight of bees is reached, the transport box is removed from the loading structure and the queen is released inside, immediately placing the feeder in the upper opening (25) of the body of the transport box (14, 21), sealing the upper part of it. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES.

[0019] Figure 1 represents a diagram of the system and method of transporting bees by sea, according to the embodiment of the invention.

[0020] Figure 2 represents a diagram of the packaging device, according to the embodiment of the invention.

[0021] Figure 3 represents a perspective view of a square transport box, according to the embodiment of the invention.

[0022] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] The present invention relates to a system (1000) and method of transporting bees that allows the export of live bees, in a state of hibernation, by sea.

[0024] In a first stage, the packaging of the bees (100) is defined. To carry out said stage, the honeycombs with bees are removed one by one from a hive. Each honeycomb is sprinkled with water to wet the wings of the bees and reduce their eventual loss due to flight. The honeycomb is taken to a packaging device (10) which consists of a loading hopper comprising at least one wooden box of a brood chamber (11) and a tin funnel (12), both attached to a metal structure (13), with a pneumatic wheel and wheelbarrow handles for easy transport in the field. The honeycomb with bees sprinkled with water is placed inside the wooden box (11), held by its upper ends and shaken vertically, so that the bees fall into the funnel (12) and from there into the body of the transport box (14 and 21). Usually 6 to 8 frames with bees are required to bury approximately 1 kg of bees, which is the amount required for a package of bees.

[0025] The transport box (20) is formed by a body (21), a cover (22) that is separated from the body by 3 mm on all its faces, allowing the flow of air by convection. The cover 22 has the same geometry and larger dimensions than the body (21), including a roof, which allows limiting the loss of heat from the body (21), and completely covering all the side walls of the body (21). The body (21) has two ventilation openings (23) arranged in two opposite side walls of the body (21) in its basal part, which are delimited by 300 cm ventilation meshes. 2each (24). The body of the transport box (21 ), is open at the top (25) to receive the feeder, 19 cm in diameter and 30 to 43 cm high, which seals the upper part of the body of the transport box (21 ). This feeder has a central cylindrical space of 12 cm in diameter, delimited by a plastic mesh that allows the passage of bees to the gelled food located peripherally. The peripheral space is open towards the central space of the feeder so that the bees can access the food. In its upper part, the feeder has a lid with 36 holes of 3 mm in diameter to create a convection air flow that facilitates the exit of heat, humidity and gases in a proportion that allows the bees to regulate the temperature and relative humidity of the cabin of the body of the transport box (21 ).At the same time, in the central part of the feeder lid facing its central space, there are three 4 x 0.5 x 0.3 cm guides, spaced 4 cm apart, so that the bees can begin forming their combs there. When the feeder lid is closed, a 5 x 40 cm Raschell mesh is sandwiched between the lid and the feeder body, allowing the bees to climb up to both the feed and create one to three wax combs from the guides.

[0026] The body (21) of the transport box has a large surface for gas and heat exchange, but with a cover (22) made of corrugated cardboard with small, fixed exchange openings. This model allows the hibernation state of the bees to be maintained at temperatures of 4-7°C and 65% relative humidity.

[0027] It has been determined that the feed to be supplied should be based on carbohydrates (sugar), an antioxidant, a preservative, an organic acid to adjust pH (4.5 to 5.5), and agar as a gelling agent. With this formulation, the bees have a feed consumption rate that allows for 25 days of refrigerated transport autonomy when the feeder has a capacity to hold 5-6 liters of gelled feed.

[0028] For land transport (200), the bodies (21) of the bee transport boxes must be transported in closed trucks to avoid direct wind impact on the bodies of the boxes. If this occurs, the bees may die because they are unable to compensate for the rapid heat loss caused by the wind, especially if transport is carried out at night. If refrigerated trucks are used, they must maintain the temperature at around 15°C and keep the CO2 concentration at atmospheric levels.

[0029] Once the bodies (21 ) of the boxes have arrived at the collection point (300), the cover (22) is placed on the bodies (21 ) of the transport boxes and they are then palletized (300), leaving a separation space of 4 cm between the transport boxes (20) along a row of boxes (20) and 10 cm of separation between rows, in order to allow the movement of air between them, but arranged in such a way that the wind from the container is parallel to the ventilation meshes of the boxes. Given the design of the box, a pallet contains 60 boxes.

[0030] The pallets with the transport boxes (20) already secured with corner pieces, must subsequently be entered into a refrigerated container (30), ordering these in a way to facilitate that all the transport boxes (20) have similar environmental conditions, especially, the air flows that they receive from the fans of the container (30). Due to the amount of heat generated by the bees, it is expected that a container cannot be filled with pallets with bee transport boxes (20). The bee transport boxes (20) do not require a special procedure for the bees to adopt the hibernation mode (compact bolus, with low bee activity). For this, it is enough to expose the transport boxes (20) to the recommended temperature and in 5 to 10 minutes, the bees will form the hibernation bolus.The same applies to the cold exit, where bees return to their normal activity level after 10 to 30 minutes of exposure to field conditions. The variables to be controlled in the container are temperature, relative humidity, O2 and CO2 concentrations, and the wind speed incident on the transport boxes (20). Noise inside the container (30) does not need to be controlled if it is around 90 dB or less.

[0031] The transport temperature should be set within the range of 4 to 7°C. Bees control the temperature of the pellet and, by extension, indirectly that of their enclosure, as long as they have free access to the food and it contains a high concentration of sugars and is in an adequate amount for the autonomy required for transport to the destination.

[0032] Relative humidity should be maintained around 65%. Bees also have the ability to control relative humidity within a certain range, mitigating fluctuations in the container environment. As with temperature, access to and quality of food is important for bees to maintain this ability to control.

[0033] Bees require that O2 and CO2 be at a normal atmospheric concentration, for which, regular ventilation of the container (30) must be programmed and / or have an electronic controller independent of the control system of the container (30), autonomous, that allows regulating the concentration of these gases in the atmosphere of the container. In both cases, the basic control is to decrease the concentration of CO2 produced by the respiration of the bees and increase the concentration of O2 consumed for the same reason, which is achieved simply by ventilating the container (30) every certain period of time through the vents it has, maintaining the temperature and relative humidity at those recommended.

[0034] As previously indicated, the noise inside the container (30) should not exceed 90 dB, which is not a concern in recently manufactured containers. In older containers, it may be necessary to reduce the noise by a few decibels with pressed wood panels positioned on the container wall covering the fans.

[0035] The wind generated by the fans inside the container (30) is not a matter of concern if the box design is suitable for the speed incident on them, which could be up to 0.5 m / s with the current box design (20). The box cover (22) is placed over it at the time of palletizing, where its ventilation slots must be parallel to the ventilation meshes of the box (24) and to the wind direction inside the container (30), preventing the heat exchange surfaces of the transport box (20) from directly facing the wind incident on them. The incidence of the wind can be controlled through the implementation of deflectors inside the container (30).

[0036] During maritime transport (400), given the capacities of today's refrigerated containers, it is possible to program the container's refrigeration system

[0037] (30) so that it maintains the ideal temperature and relative humidity for the bees, without the need to intervene or open the device until the health inspection at the destination and / or in the destination apiary. In addition, they also have the capacity to exchange air with the outside to maintain the concentrations of CO2 and O2 within the ranges suitable for the bees, which is an obligatory requirement to ensure the viability of the bees or, alternatively, use the technology of atmosphere controllers to maintain said concentrations at the appropriate levels. In this way, the programming of the refrigeration conditions in the container (30) must be carried out at the time of loading the palletized boxes into the container.

[0038] Once arrived at the port of unloading, land transport is carried out to the destination (500). Since there are unoccupied spaces in the container (30), the cargo must be properly stowed, considering both the center of gravity of the container (30) and the air flow between the pallets (300). It is important to put wooden structures, with sanitary certification, to secure the load and prevent the displacement of the pallets when the container (30) moves during the transport period. If the container is autonomous, it can carry the load to the destination apiary without problems. If the return of the container from the destination is not possible or it is not autonomous, the pallets with the transport boxes (20) of bees must be taken to the final destination from the port of arrival by closed trucks, ideally refrigerated, taking care to maintain the atmospheric conditions indicated previously.For a closed truck, especially if it does not have refrigeration equipment, the bodies (21 ) of the transport box must go without the cover (22) and cannot be loaded to full capacity to avoid overheating of the bees by not being able to properly dissipate the heat they produce. Likewise, the bodies of the transport boxes (21 ) cannot be taken to their destination exposed to the air in an open truck. Bees are widely adaptable and respond well to the exit from the cold to a natural environment, especially if it is spring. The aspects to be considered would be the same as for conventional transport of nuclei by land: the pallets with packages of bees are unloaded from the refrigerated container or truck at the destination. Immediately the pallets must be dismantled and the cover (22) of the transport box (20) must be removed and discarded to allow ventilation of the bees to dissipate heat and exchange gases.Once the transport boxes (20) have been unloaded, the bees must be quickly transferred to the brood chambers or nucleus drawers and fed with syrup so that they recover from the transport process. Once in the field (600), the feeder is removed from the transport boxes (21) and left inside the brood chamber that will receive the bees, allowing the bees to leave and take over the new space. The bees that remain in the body (21) of the transport box (21) are sprayed with water to prevent them from flying away and are then shaken so that they fall into the brood chamber, after which the roof is put on the brood chamber. It is recommended that the brood chamber that receives the bees have one or two frames with capped brood and a frame with food (honey and pollen), which will serve as the start for the new colony in the apiary, plus a frame of stretched wax.

[0039] After one or two days, the feeder is removed from the hive and health observations are made to check the colony's condition. One week after unloading, colony activity, especially queen laying and nectar accumulation, should be inspected, along with further health observations. This should be repeated regularly as part of standard apiary management.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A bee transport system (1000) that allows the export of live hibernating bees by sea, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises: a. a packaging device (10) comprising a brood chamber drawer (11 ), connected to a collection hopper (12) through which the bees fall into a transport box (20); b. a transport box (20) comprising a body (21 ), a cover (22) of the same geometry and larger dimensions than the body (21 ) to cover all the side walls and roof of the body (21 ), with two ventilation openings (23) arranged in two opposite side walls of the body (21 ), at least one floor (24) arranged to cover the lower part of the transport box (20), said body (21 ) being where the bees are collected; and c. a refrigerated container (30) where the transport boxes (20), previously palletized, are arranged for maritime transport.

2. The system (1000) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the transport box (20) comprises a square cross section, formed by the body (21) and the cover (22), where the body (21) comprises two ventilation openings (23), arranged opposite each other, and in the upper part of the body (21) there is an opening (25) for the placement of a feeder.

3. The system (1000) according to any of the previous claims, CHARACTERIZED in that once arrived at the packaging place, the body (21) of the transport boxes, with their respective cover (22), are palletized with a separation space between the boxes (20) of 4 cm along a row of boxes and 10 cm between the rows of boxes (20) to allow air movement between them, arranged in 3 floors of boxes with 20 boxes per floor.

4. A method for transporting bees that allows the export of live hibernating bees by sea, using the system of claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises the steps of: a. packing the bees in the body (21) of the transport box that is arranged under the packaging device (10), where the bees fall by gravity through a collection hopper (12); b. placing a food dispenser in the box; c. transporting the bodies of the transport boxes (21) to a palletizing location; d. covering the body of the transport box (21) with the cover (22); e. palletizing the transport boxes (20), with a space between the packages of transport boxes (20); f. entering the pallets with transport boxes (20) inside a refrigerated container (30), to maintain temperature and relative humidity conditions during transport; g.transporting the transport boxes (20) from a seaport of origin to the port of destination; and h. emptying the bees from the bodies of the transport boxes (21) into nucleus boxes or brood chambers so that the bees take over the new space.

5. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED because at the packaging stage a food dispenser is placed in the transport box that has a space for the food and another for the bees.

6. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED in that the food corresponds to a gelled food with sugar, preservative, antioxidant, with pH between 4.5 and 5.

5.

7. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED in that the food dispenser has a volume of 6 to 8 liters, to dispense 5 to 6 liters of food.

8. The method of transporting bees, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED in that the temperature, relative humidity, O2 and CO2 concentrations are controlled in the refrigerated container and the speed of the wind incident on the transport boxes is fixed by means of wooden panels and deflectors.

9. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 8, CHARACTERIZED in that the transport temperature in the container is programmed within the range of 4 to 7°C.

10. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 9, CHARACTERIZED in that the relative humidity must be maintained at around 65%.

11. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 10, CHARACTERIZED in that the noise inside the transport box (20) is less than 94 dB.

12. The method of transporting bees, according to any of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED in that the transport of the transport boxes (20) From a seaport of arrival to the destination it is carried out by flat-deck truck in the same refrigerated container (30) if it is autonomous or by refrigerated truck if it is not.

13. The method of transporting bees, according to claims 4 to 12, CHARACTERIZED in that the transport of the transport boxes (20) from a seaport of arrival to the destination is carried out by means of closed trucks, ideally refrigerated, with the precaution of maintaining the temperature between 5 and 15°C, relative humidity close to 65% and concentrations of CO2 and O2 at atmospheric levels.

14. The method of transporting bees, according to any of the previous claims, CHARACTERIZED in that after one or two days in the field inside breeding chambers or nucleus drawers, the feeder is removed from the hive and sanitary observations are made to check the state of the colony.

15. The method of transporting bees, according to claim 14, CHARACTERIZED in that one week after unloading, the colony recovers its productive activity (queen laying and nectar accumulation).

16. A transport box (20) that allows the export of live bees, in a state of hibernation, by sea, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises a body (21), a cover (22) of the same geometry and larger dimensions than the body (21) to cover all the side walls of the body (21), with two ventilation openings (23) arranged on two opposite side walls of the body (21), at least one floor (24) arranged to cover the lower part of the transport box (20), the body (21) being where the bees are collected.

17. The transport box (20) according to claim 16, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises a square cross section, formed by the body (21) and the cover (22), where the body (21) comprises at least two ventilation openings (23), preferably arranged opposite each other, and the floor (24), and in the upper part of the body (21) there is an opening (25) for the placement of a feeder.

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