Electrical connector, connecting device and truck

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electrical connection, and specifically relates to an electrical connector, a connecting device and a truck. The electrical connector comprises: a first assembly, which is configured to fit into a first apparatus and which comprises a mounting bracket and a first coupling structure, wherein the mounting bracket is provided with a slide hole extending along a first axis, and the first coupling structure can move back and forth along the slide hole, allowing a first coupling portion to retract into the slide hole or extend out of the slide hole; and a second assembly, which is configured to fit into a second apparatus and which comprises a second coupling structure, wherein the second coupling structure can drive a second coupling portion to rotatably couple to or decouple from the first coupling portion that extends out of the slide hole. The electrical connector, connecting device and truck provided in the present application can realize the rotatable electrical coupling of a tractor and trailer outside of a pin hole of a kingpin, so that the problems of wire twisting and short circuiting are less likely to occur; in addition, the risk of electrical conduction between the first coupling portion and the external environment can also be reduced, and the first coupling portion does not easily get contaminated and damaged.

Description

Electrical connectors, couplings and trucks

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 2023109787030 filed with the Chinese Patent Office on August 4, 2023, entitled “Electrical Connector, Connection Device and Truck,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of electrical connection technology, and in particular to an electrical connector, a connection device, and a truck. Background Art

[0004] A truck has a tractor, a trailer, and a connecting device configured to connect the two. The connecting device generally has a saddle and a traction pin. The tractor and trailer are connected through the cooperation of the saddle and the traction pin. During driving, the tractor and trailer will rotate around the axis of the traction pin.

[0005] Some trucks currently use a hollow cavity within the tow pin for electrical coupling between the tractor and trailer. However, the limited space within the tow pin makes it difficult to achieve rotatable coupling within the cavity. Consequently, the electrical connection between the tractor and trailer is susceptible to torsional fracture due to relative rotation between the tractor and trailer, ultimately leading to failure of the electrical connection. Furthermore, the limited space within the tow pin makes it difficult to design an effective insulation protection structure, making short circuits a common problem during coupling. This is particularly true for high-power electrical connections, as the significantly increased cross-sectional area of ​​the cable makes it even more difficult to achieve satisfactory connection performance within the hollow tow pin.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present application is to provide an electrical connector, a connecting device and a truck to reduce the risk of electrical connection failure between a tractor and a trailer.

[0008] The electrical connector provided in this application includes:

[0009] a first assembly configured to be mounted to a first device, comprising a mounting frame and a first coupling structure, the mounting frame having a sliding hole extending along a first axis; the first coupling structure having a first coupling portion configured to communicate with an electrical system of the first device, the first coupling structure being capable of reciprocating along the sliding hole so that the first coupling portion is retracted into or extended from the sliding hole;

[0010] The second component is configured to be installed on a second device, including a second coupling structure, wherein the second coupling structure is provided with a second coupling portion configured to be connected to the electrical system of the second device, and the second coupling structure can drive the second coupling portion to be rotatably coupled or decoupled with the first coupling portion extending from the sliding hole.

[0011] Optionally, as an implementation method, the two ends of the sliding hole are respectively a first end and a second end, and the first coupling portion can extend from the first end of the sliding hole.

[0012] A first sealing structure is provided on the side of the first coupling structure in the extending direction of the first coupling part, and the first sealing structure can seal the first end of the sliding hole after the first coupling part is retracted into the sliding hole; and / or a second sealing structure is provided on the side of the first coupling structure in the retracting direction of the first coupling part, and the second sealing structure can seal the first end of the sliding hole after the first coupling part is extended from the sliding hole; and / or the second end of the sliding hole can be hidden in the first device.

[0013] Optionally, as an implementation manner, a first limiting structure is provided on one side of the first coupling structure in the extension direction of the first coupling portion, and the mounting frame can prevent the first limiting structure from entering the sliding hole;

[0014] And / or, a second limiting structure is provided on a side of the first coupling structure in the retraction direction of the first coupling portion, and the mounting bracket can prevent the second limiting structure from entering the sliding hole.

[0015] Optionally, as an embodiment, the first coupling structure has a first screw rod and a first follower, the mounting frame can limit the circumferential rotation of the first screw rod, the first screw rod is extended along the first axis, and the first coupling portion is provided on the first screw rod, the first follower has a threaded hole, and the first screw rod cooperates with the threaded hole of the first follower; the first component also includes a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism is connected to the first follower, and is configured to drive the first follower to rotate around the first screw rod.

[0016] Optionally, as an embodiment, the first driving mechanism includes a first rotary driver, a driving pulley, a synchronous belt, and a driven pulley, the output shaft of the first rotary driver is coaxially fixed with the driving pulley, the driving pulley and the driven pulley are both matched with the synchronous belt; the driven pulley is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the first driven member, or the first driven member is the driven pulley; the threaded hole on the first driven member is coaxially arranged with the driven pulley;

[0017] Alternatively, the first driving mechanism includes a first rotary driver, a driving gear and a driven gear, the output shaft of the first rotary driver is coaxially fixed with the driving gear, and the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear; the driven gear is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the first follower, or the first follower is the driven gear; the threaded hole on the first follower is coaxially arranged with the driven gear.

[0018] Optionally, as an implementation method, the first coupling structure has a terminal post, which includes the first coupling part; the second component also includes a second driving mechanism, the second coupling structure includes a first hinged rod and a second hinged rod arranged opposite to each other, and the second driving mechanism is connected to the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod, and is configured to drive the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod toward each other to embrace the first coupling part, or away from each other to release the first coupling part.

[0019] The second coupling portion is provided on the first hinge rod and / or the second hinge rod, and can be coupled to the first coupling portion after the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod embrace the first coupling portion.

[0020] Optionally, as an implementation method, the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod both have an arc segment, the second coupling portion is arranged on the concave arc side of the arc segment, the radius corresponding to the concave arc side of the arc segment matches the radius corresponding to the outer wall of the first coupling portion, the concave arc side of the arc segment of the first hinged rod and the concave arc side of the arc segment of the second hinged rod are arranged opposite to each other, and are configured to hold the first coupling portion tightly.

[0021] Optionally, as an implementation method, the second component also includes a support, a second follower and a third follower, one end of the first hinged rod and one end of the second hinged rod are both hinged to the support, the other end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the second follower, and the other end of the second hinged rod is hinged to the third follower.

[0022] The second driving mechanism is connected to the second follower and the third follower, and is configured to drive the second follower and the third follower to move toward or away from each other.

[0023] Optionally, as an embodiment, the second driving mechanism includes a second rotary driver and a second screw rod, the second screw rod is perpendicular to the first axis, the second follower and the third follower respectively have threaded holes, the threaded holes of the second follower and the threaded holes of the third follower both cooperate with the second screw rod, the output shaft of the second rotary driver is connected to the second screw rod and is configured to drive the second screw rod to rotate, and the rotation of the second screw rod can drive the second follower and the third follower to move in opposite directions.

[0024] Optionally, as an embodiment, the first coupling part includes a first positive coupling part and a first negative coupling part, the first positive coupling part and the first negative coupling part are respectively configured to connect the positive pole and negative pole of the electrical system of the first device, and the first positive coupling part and the first negative coupling part are spaced apart along the first axis and insulated from each other.

[0025] The second coupling part includes a second positive coupling part and a second negative coupling part insulated from each other, and the second positive coupling part and the second negative coupling part are respectively configured to connect the positive pole and negative pole of the electrical system of the second device; the first articulated rod includes a first positive articulated rod and a first negative articulated rod, and the second articulated rod includes a second positive articulated rod and a second negative articulated rod, the second positive coupling part is provided on the first positive articulated rod and / or the second positive articulated rod, and the second negative coupling part is provided on the first negative articulated rod and / or the second negative articulated rod.

[0026] The first positive articulated rod and the second positive articulated rod are arranged opposite to each other and can tightly embrace the first positive coupling part; the first negative articulated rod and the second negative articulated rod are arranged opposite to each other and can tightly embrace the first negative coupling part.

[0027] The connecting device provided in the present application is configured to connect a tractor and a trailer, the connecting device includes a saddle and the above-mentioned electrical connector, the mounting frame includes a traction pin, the pin hole of the traction pin forms the sliding hole; the first device is a trailer, and the traction pin is installed on the trailer; the second device is a tractor, the saddle is installed on the tractor, the second component is installed on the saddle, and the saddle cooperates with the traction pin.

[0028] The truck provided in the present application includes a tractor, a trailer and the above-mentioned connecting device, and the connecting device is configured to connect the tractor and the trailer.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] The electrical connector provided by the present application has a first component and a second component that can be respectively installed on a first device and a second device that need to be electrically connected. The first coupling portion of the first component installed on the first device can be connected to the electrical system of the first device, and the second coupling portion of the second component installed on the second device can be connected to the electrical system of the second device. When the first device and the second device are electrically connected, the first driving mechanism is controlled to drive the first coupling structure to move along the sliding hole so that the first coupling portion on the first coupling structure extends from the sliding hole. On this basis, the second driving mechanism is controlled to drive the second coupling structure to move so that the second coupling portion on the second coupling structure moves in a direction close to the first coupling portion. Move until the second coupling part is coupled with the first coupling part extending from the sliding hole, and the second coupling part and the first coupling part are rotatably coupled. Therefore, when the two devices rotate relative to each other, causing the first component and the second component to rotate relative to each other, the first coupling part and the second coupling part can move adaptively. Under the premise of allowing the first component and the second component to rotate relative to each other, the coupling effect of the first coupling part and the second coupling part can be guaranteed. Therefore, when the electrical connector provided by this embodiment is used to electrically connect the first device and the second device with relative rotation requirements (such as a tractor and a trailer), the line torsion problem is not likely to occur, and a good electrical connection effect between the first device and the second device can be guaranteed.

[0031] When separating the first device and the second device, the second driving mechanism can be controlled to drive the second coupling structure to move in the opposite direction, so that the second coupling part on the second coupling structure moves in the direction away from the first coupling part until the second coupling part is separated from the first coupling part extending from the sliding hole and the coupling state is released. On this basis, the first driving mechanism is controlled to drive the first coupling structure to move in the opposite direction along the sliding hole, so that the first coupling part on the first coupling structure is retracted into the sliding hole. In this way, the electrical connection between the first device and the second device can be released.

[0032] It should be noted that the electrical connector provided by the present application is configured to have a structure in which the first coupling part is driven to extend out of the sliding hole, and the first coupling part and the second coupling part are rotatably coupled outside the sliding hole. The corresponding rotatable coupling structure is not restricted by the space in the sliding hole and is adapted to structures with limited space in the sliding hole. Moreover, the coupling process of the first coupling part and the second coupling part is realized outside the sliding hole. The space outside the sliding hole is larger, and short-circuit failure is less likely to occur during the coupling process. The insulation protection requirements in the sliding hole are lower, and it is also adapted to structures with limited space in the sliding hole, and is particularly suitable for configuration into high-power electrical connections. For example, it is suitable for configuration into rotatable coupling of lines between a tractor and a trailer. At this time, the traction pin assembly between the tractor and the trailer can be used as a mounting frame, and the pin hole of the traction pin can be used as a sliding hole on the mounting frame. In addition, after the first device and the second device are electrically disconnected and before they are electrically connected, the first coupling part on the first coupling structure is received in the sliding hole of the mounting frame. On the one hand, the first coupling part is hidden in the sliding hole when it does not need to be coupled with the second coupling part, which can reduce the risk of the first coupling part being electrically conductive with the external environment, and the first coupling part is not easily contaminated by impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment. On the other hand, when the first device and the second device are structurally assembled, the first coupling part is hidden in the sliding hole and is not easily interfered with or collided with other structures, which can reduce the risk of the first coupling part being damaged due to collision.

[0033] The connection device and truck provided in the present application both include the above-mentioned electrical connector, and therefore have all the advantages of the above-mentioned electrical connector. When the tractor and the trailer rotate relative to each other, the line twisting problem is not likely to occur, and a good electrical connection effect between the tractor and the trailer can be ensured; in addition, the risk of the first coupling part conducting electricity with the external environment in the non-conducting state can be reduced, and the first coupling part is not easily contaminated by impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment, nor is it easily damaged by interference and collision with other structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without any creative work.

[0035] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of one structure of an electrical connector provided in an embodiment of the present application in an uncoupled state;

[0036] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of one structure of an electrical connector provided in an embodiment of the present application in a coupled state;

[0037] FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another structure of an electrical connector provided in an embodiment of the present application in an uncoupled state;

[0038] FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another structure of the electrical connector provided in an embodiment of the present application in a coupled state.

[0039] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 100-first component; 110-mounting frame; 121-first rotary drive; 122-driving pulley; 123-synchronous belt; 124-driven pulley; 125-driving gear; 126-driven gear; 131-first sealing structure; 132-first limiting structure; 133-second limiting structure; 134-first screw rod; 135-first positive coupling part; 136-first negative coupling part; 137-positive wiring conductor; 138-negative wiring conductor; 200-second component; 211-second rotary drive; 212-second screw rod; 221-first positive articulated rod; 222-first negative articulated rod; 223-second positive articulated rod; 224-second negative articulated rod; 230-support; 240-second follower; 250-third follower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The present application will be further described in detail below through specific implementation examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] 1 to 4 , this embodiment provides an electrical connector, which includes:

[0043] The first assembly 100 is configured to be mounted to a first device and includes a mounting bracket 110 and a first coupling structure. The mounting bracket 110 has a sliding hole extending along a first axis. The first coupling structure has a first coupling portion configured to connect to the electrical system of the first device. The first coupling structure is capable of reciprocating along the sliding hole to retract the first coupling portion into the sliding hole or extend from the sliding hole.

[0044] The second component 200 is configured to be installed on a second device and includes a second coupling structure. The second coupling structure is provided with a second coupling portion configured to be connected to the electrical system of the second device. The second coupling structure can drive the second coupling portion to be rotatably coupled or decoupled with the first coupling portion extending from the sliding hole.

[0045] The electrical connector provided in this embodiment has a first component 100 and a second component 200 that can be respectively installed on a first device and a second device that need to be electrically connected. The first coupling portion of the first component 100 installed on the first device can be communicated with the electrical system of the first device, and the second coupling portion of the second component 200 installed on the second device can be communicated with the electrical system of the second device. When the first device and the second device are electrically connected, the first coupling structure is driven to move along the sliding hole so that the first coupling portion on the first coupling structure extends from the sliding hole. On this basis, the second coupling structure is driven to move so that the second coupling structure drives the second coupling portion to couple with the first coupling portion extending from the sliding hole. 2 and 4 ), and the second coupling portion is rotatably coupled to the first coupling portion. Therefore, when the two devices rotate relative to each other, causing the first component 100 and the second component 200 to rotate relative to each other, the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion can move adaptively. Under the premise of allowing the first component 100 and the second component 200 to rotate relative to each other, the coupling effect of the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion can be guaranteed. Therefore, when the electrical connector provided in this embodiment is used to electrically connect the first device and the second device (such as a tractor and a trailer) with relative rotation requirements, the line torsion problem is not likely to occur, and a good electrical connection effect between the first device and the second device can be guaranteed.

[0046] When separating the first device and the second device, the second coupling structure can be driven to move so that the second coupling portion on the second coupling structure is decoupled from the first coupling portion (as shown in Figures 1 and 3). On this basis, the first coupling structure is driven to move in the opposite direction along the sliding hole so that the first coupling portion on the first coupling structure is retracted into the sliding hole. In this way, the electrical connection between the first device and the second device can be released.

[0047] It should be noted that the electrical connector provided in this embodiment is configured to have a structure in which the first component 100 is capable of driving the first coupling part to extend out of the sliding hole, so that the first coupling part and the second coupling part are rotatably coupled outside the sliding hole. The corresponding rotatable coupling structure is not restricted by the space in the sliding hole and is adaptable to structures with limited space in the sliding hole. Moreover, the coupling process between the first coupling part and the second coupling part is realized outside the sliding hole. The space outside the sliding hole is larger, and short-circuit failure is less likely to occur during the coupling process. The insulation protection requirements in the sliding hole are lower, and it is also adaptable to structures with limited space in the sliding hole. It is particularly suitable for high-power electrical connection, for example: it is suitable for rotatable coupling of lines between a tractor and a trailer. At this time, the traction pin assembly between the tractor and the trailer can be used as a mounting bracket 110, and the pin hole of the traction pin can be used as a sliding hole on the mounting bracket 110. In addition, after the first device and the second device are electrically disconnected and before they are electrically connected, the first coupling portion on the first coupling structure is received in the sliding hole of the mounting frame 110. On the one hand, the first coupling portion is hidden in the sliding hole when it does not need to be coupled with the second coupling portion, which can reduce the risk of electrical conduction between the first coupling portion and the external environment, and the first coupling portion is not easily contaminated by impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment. On the other hand, when the first device and the second device are structurally assembled, the first coupling portion is hidden in the sliding hole and is not easily interfered with or collided with other structures, which can reduce the risk of the first coupling portion being damaged due to collision.

[0048] The two ends of the sliding hole are respectively defined as a first end and a second end, and the first coupling portion can extend from the first end of the sliding hole.

[0049] A first sealing mechanism can be provided on the side of the first coupling structure in the extending direction of the first coupling part. When the first coupling part is retracted into the sliding hole, the first sealing structure 131 can seal the first end of the sliding hole. In this way, the risk of electrical conduction between the first coupling part and the external environment can be further reduced. In addition, impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment are not easy to enter the sliding hole through the first end of the sliding hole, which can further reduce the risk of contamination of the first coupling part in the sliding hole, and is conducive to ensuring the conductive performance of the first coupling part.

[0050] A second sealing structure can be provided on the side of the first coupling structure in the retraction direction of the first coupling part. When the first coupling part is extended from the sliding hole, the second sealing structure can block the first end of the sliding hole. In this way, when the first coupling part is outside the sliding hole, impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment are not easy to enter the sliding hole through the gap between the sliding hole and the first coupling structure, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the sliding hole. Therefore, after the first coupling part is retracted into the sliding hole, it is not easy to be contaminated by impurities in the sliding hole.

[0051] The first sealing structure 131 and the second sealing structure may both be configured as sealing rings.

[0052] After the first component 100 is installed on the first device, the second end of the sliding hole can be hidden in the first device, so that dust, small particles and other impurities in the external environment are not easy to enter the sliding hole through the gap between the first end of the sliding hole and the first coupling structure.

[0053] A first limiting structure 132 can be provided on the side of the first coupling structure in the extending direction of the first coupling portion. When the first coupling portion is retracted into the sliding hole of the mounting frame 110, the mounting frame 110 can prevent the first limiting structure 132 from entering the sliding hole. That is, the first limiting structure 132 can be blocked outside the sliding hole. In this way, the mounting frame 110 can prevent the first coupling structure from continuing to move in the retraction direction after the first coupling portion is retracted into the sliding hole, thereby realizing the positioning of the first coupling structure at the retraction limit position and preventing the first coupling portion from sliding out from the second end of the sliding hole.

[0054] A second limiting structure 133 can be provided on the side of the first coupling structure in the retraction direction of the first coupling part. When the first coupling part extends from the sliding hole and moves to the target coupling position, the mounting bracket 110 can prevent the second limiting structure 133 from entering the sliding hole. That is, the second limiting structure 133 can be blocked outside the sliding hole. In this way, the mounting bracket 110 can prevent the first coupling structure from continuing to move in the extending direction after the first coupling part extends to the target coupling position, thereby realizing the positioning of the first coupling structure when it is extended to the target coupling position.

[0055] The first limiting structure 132 and the second limiting structure 133 may both be convex ring structures with an outer diameter larger than an inner diameter of the sliding hole.

[0056] Specifically, a first screw rod 134 and a first follower are provided in the first coupling structure, the mounting frame 110 is provided so as to limit the circumferential rotation of the first screw rod 134, the first screw rod 134 is extended along the first axis, and the first coupling portion is provided on the first screw rod 134; a threaded hole is provided on the first follower, and the first screw rod 134 is matched with the threaded hole of the first follower to form a screw-nut mechanism; a first driving mechanism can be provided in the first component 100, and the first driving mechanism is connected to the first follower to utilize the first driving mechanism to drive the first follower to rotate around the first screw rod 134. Since the first screw rod 134 will not rotate with the first follower under the restriction of the mounting frame 110, the first screw rod 134 will move along the first axis, so that the screw rod can drive the first coupling portion to move along the first axis.

[0057] As an implementable embodiment, the first driving mechanism may specifically include a first rotary driver 121, a driving pulley 122, a synchronous belt 123 and a driven pulley 124, and the output shaft of the first rotary driver 121 is coaxially fixed with the driving pulley 122, so that the first rotary driver 121 drives the driving pulley 122 to rotate synchronously with its output shaft; the driving pulley 122 and the driven pulley 124 are both matched with the synchronous belt 123. In this way, under the action of the synchronous belt 123, the driving pulley 122 can drive the driven pulley 124 to rotate synchronously with them; the driven pulley 124 can be fixed to the first driven member or set as an integrally formed structure, or the first driven member can be set as a driven pulley. In this case, a threaded hole can be opened on the driven pulley; the threaded hole on the first driven member is coaxially arranged with the driven pulley 124. In this way, the driven pulley 124 can drive the first driven member to rotate synchronously, and then, the driving of the first screw rod 134 can be realized.

[0058] As another possible implementation mode, the first driving mechanism may specifically include a first rotary driver 121, a driving gear 125 and a driven gear 126, and the output shaft of the first rotary driver 121 is coaxially fixed with the driving gear 125, so that the first rotary driver 121 drives the driving gear 125 to rotate synchronously with its output shaft; the driving gear 125 is meshed with the driven gear 126, so that the driving gear 125 can drive the driven gear 126 to rotate; the driven gear 126 can be optionally fixed to the first follower or set as an integrally formed structure, or the first follower can be optionally set as the driven gear 126, in this case, a threaded hole can be opened on the driven gear 126; and the threaded hole on the first follower is coaxially arranged with the driven gear 126, so that the driven gear 126 can drive the first follower to rotate synchronously, and then, the driving of the first screw rod 134 can be achieved.

[0059] The electrical connector provided in this embodiment can be configured as either an electrical connection or a pneumatic connection.

[0060] When configured for electrical connection, the first coupling portion includes a first positive coupling portion and a first negative coupling portion. The first screw 134 can be configured as a hollow structure, and a mutually insulated positive wiring conductor 137 and a negative wiring conductor 138 are disposed within the hollow cavity of the first screw 134. One end of the positive wiring conductor 137 is passed through the hollow cavity to connect to the positive pole of the electrical system of the first device, and the other end is connected to the first positive coupling portion, thereby indirectly connecting the first positive coupling portion to the positive pole of the electrical system of the first device using the positive wiring conductor 137. One end of the negative wiring conductor 138 is passed through the hollow cavity to connect to the negative pole of the electrical system of the first device, and the other end is connected to the first negative coupling portion, thereby indirectly connecting the first negative coupling portion to the negative pole of the electrical system of the first device using the negative wiring conductor 138. The structure is simple and reliable. Among them, the positive wiring conductor 137 and the negative wiring conductor 138 can both be set as copper busbars, and the hollow cavity of the first screw rod 134 is also provided with electrically isolated insulating material to ensure that the high-voltage positive and negative copper busbars do not short-circuit with each other, and will not electrically short-circuit with the outer shell of the first screw rod 134, ensuring safe insulation.

[0061] A terminal may be provided in the first coupling structure, and the terminal may include the first coupling portion. A second driving mechanism may be provided in the second component 200. The second coupling structure may specifically include a first hinged rod and a second hinged rod arranged relatively to each other, and the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod are both connected to the second driving mechanism, so as to utilize the second driving mechanism to drive the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod to move toward or away from each other, and the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod can approach each other to a state of holding the first coupling portion, and can also move away from each other to a state of releasing the first coupling portion. The second coupling portion may be provided on either or both of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod. When the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod clamp the first coupling part with a certain pre-tightening force, the parts of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod provided with the second coupling part will contact the first coupling part, so that the second coupling part and the first coupling part are coupled; when the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod release the first coupling part, the first coupling structure can slide freely along the sliding hole on the mounting frame 110, so that the first driving mechanism can smoothly drive the first coupling structure, so that the first coupling part can be retracted into the sliding hole.

[0062] Optionally, an arc segment can be provided on both the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod, the above-mentioned second coupling part is provided on the concave arc side of the arc segment, and the radius corresponding to the concave arc side of the arc segment is matched with the radius corresponding to the outer wall of the first coupling part; on this basis, the concave arc side of the arc segment of the first hinge rod and the concave arc side of the arc segment of the second hinge rod are arranged relative to each other, so that the arc segment of the first hinge rod and the arc segment of the second hinge rod can be used to hold the first coupling part tightly, at this time, the second coupling part provided on the concave arc side of the arc segment can contact with the first coupling part to achieve coupling, so that the contact area between the first hinge rod, the second hinge rod and the first coupling part can be increased, and thus, it is beneficial to increase the contact area between the second coupling part and the first coupling part, which can improve the conductive stability and improve the force balance at the connection between the first coupling structure and the second coupling structure.

[0063] In the specific structure of the second component 200, a support 230, a second follower 240 and a third follower 250 can be provided. One end of a hinged rod and one end of a second hinged rod are hinged to the support 230, and the other end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the second follower 240, and the other end of the second hinged rod is hinged to the third follower 250. On this basis, a second driving mechanism is connected to the second follower 240 and the third follower 250, so that the second driving mechanism drives the second follower 240 and the third follower 250. When the second follower 240 and the third follower 250 move toward each other or away from each other, the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod can swing around one end hinged to the support 230 respectively. When the second follower 240 and the third follower 250 move toward each other, the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod can swing toward each other; when the second follower 240 and the third follower 250 move toward each other, the first hinge rod and the second hinge rod can swing toward each other.

[0064] The above-mentioned second driving mechanism may specifically include a second rotation driver 211 and a second screw rod 212, the second screw rod 212 is set to be perpendicular to the first axis, and threaded holes with opposite thread rotation directions are respectively provided on the second follower 240 and the third follower 250, and the threaded holes of the second follower 240 and the third follower 250 are both matched with the second screw rod 212; the output shaft of the second rotation driver 211 is connected to the second screw rod 212, so that the second rotation driver 211 drives the second screw rod 212 to rotate. Since the threaded holes on the second follower 240 and the threaded holes on the third follower 250 have opposite thread rotation directions, when the second screw rod 212 rotates, the second follower 240 and the third follower 250 can move in opposite directions under the restriction of the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod, and the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod can be driven to swing away from or towards each other by adjusting the rotation direction of the output shaft of the second rotation driver 211.

[0065] Specifically, the first coupling portion includes a first positive coupling portion 135 and a first negative coupling portion 136. The first positive coupling portion 135 and the first negative coupling portion 136 can be configured to connect the positive pole and negative pole of the electrical system of the first device, respectively, and the first positive coupling portion 135 and the first negative coupling portion 136 can be spaced apart along the first axis to be insulated from each other. In this way, the first positive coupling portion 135 and the first negative coupling portion 136 can serve as the positive pole and negative pole of the electrical system of the first device. The second coupling portion may include a second positive coupling portion and a second negative coupling portion insulated from each other, and the second positive coupling portion and the second negative coupling portion may be configured to connect the positive and negative poles of the electrical system of the second device, respectively. Accordingly, the above-mentioned first hinged rod may include a first positive hinged rod 221 and a first negative hinged rod 222, and the second hinged rod may include a second positive hinged rod 223 and a second negative hinged rod 224. The second positive coupling portion is set on either or both of the first positive hinged rod 221 and the second positive hinged rod 223, and the second negative coupling portion is set on either or both of the first negative hinged rod 222 and the second negative hinged rod 224. On this basis, the first positive pole hinged rod 221 and the second positive pole hinged rod 223 are arranged relative to each other, so that the first positive pole hinged rod 221 and the second positive pole hinged rod 223 can hold the first positive pole coupling part 135 when they are close to each other; correspondingly, the first negative pole hinged rod 222 and the second negative pole hinged rod 224 are arranged relative to each other, so that the first negative pole hinged rod 222 and the second negative pole hinged rod 224 can hold the first negative pole coupling part 136 when they are close to each other.

[0066] The first rotation driver 121 and the second rotation driver 211 may both be motors.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a connecting device, which includes a saddle and the above-mentioned electrical connector, the mounting frame 110 includes a traction pin, and the pin hole of the traction pin forms a sliding hole; the first device is a trailer, and the traction pin is installed on the trailer; the second device is a tractor, the saddle is installed on the tractor, and the second component 200 is installed on the saddle, and the saddle cooperates with the traction pin.

[0068] The connection device provided in this embodiment has all the advantages of the above-mentioned electrical connector because it includes the above-mentioned electrical connector. The first coupling part and the second coupling part are rotatably coupled outside the pin hole. The corresponding rotatable coupling structure is not restricted by the space in the pin hole, and short-circuit failure is not easy to occur during the coupling process. Therefore, when the tractor and the trailer rotate relative to each other, the first coupling part and the second coupling part can adaptively rotate relative to each other while maintaining the coupling state, and the line torsion problem is not easy to occur, which can ensure a good electrical connection effect between the tractor and the trailer; in addition, it can also reduce the risk of the first coupling part conducting electricity with the external environment in the non-conducting state, and the first coupling part is not easily contaminated by impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment, and is not easy to interfere with and collide with other structures and be damaged.

[0069] Specifically, the second assembly 200 may be installed in the space below the saddle.

[0070] This embodiment also provides a truck, which includes a tractor, a trailer and the above-mentioned connecting device, and the connecting device is configured to connect the tractor and the trailer.

[0071] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0072] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. Industrial Applicability

[0073] The electrical connector, connection device, and truck provided in this embodiment rotatably couple the first and second coupling portions outside the sliding hole. The corresponding rotatable coupling structure is not restricted by the space within the sliding hole and is therefore suitable for structures with limited space within the sliding hole. The larger space outside the sliding hole makes short circuits less likely to occur during the coupling process, and the insulation protection requirements within the sliding hole are lower. It is also suitable for structures with limited space within the sliding hole and is particularly suitable for high-power electrical connections, such as rotatable coupling of lines between a tractor and a trailer. In this case, the towing pin assembly between the tractor and trailer can serve as a mounting bracket, and the pinhole of the towing pin can serve as a sliding hole on the mounting bracket. Furthermore, when not required to couple with the second coupling portion, the first coupling portion is hidden within the sliding hole, reducing the risk of electrical conduction between the first coupling portion and the external environment. Furthermore, the first coupling portion is less likely to be contaminated by impurities such as dust and small particles in the external environment, and is less likely to interfere with or collide with other structures, reducing the risk of damage to the first coupling portion due to collisions.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that: include: A first component (100) is configured to be mounted on a first device, comprising a mounting frame (110) and a first coupling structure, wherein the mounting frame (110) is provided with a sliding hole extending along a first axis; the first coupling structure is provided with a first coupling portion configured to be connected to an electrical system of the first device, and the first coupling structure is capable of reciprocating along the sliding hole so that the first coupling portion is retracted into the sliding hole or extended from the sliding hole; The second component (200) is configured to be installed on a second device, and includes a second coupling structure, wherein the second coupling structure is provided with a second coupling portion configured to be connected to the electrical system of the second device, and the second coupling structure can drive the second coupling portion to be rotatably coupled or uncoupled with the first coupling portion extending from the sliding hole.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, characterized in that The two ends of the sliding hole are respectively a first end and a second end, and the first coupling part can extend from the first end of the sliding hole; a first sealing structure (131) is provided on one side of the first coupling structure in the extending direction of the first coupling part, and the first sealing structure (131) can seal the first end of the sliding hole after the first coupling part is retracted into the sliding hole.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 2, characterized in that A second sealing structure is provided on one side of the first coupling structure in the retracting direction of the first coupling portion, and the second sealing structure can seal the first end of the sliding hole after the first coupling portion extends out of the sliding hole.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 3, characterized in that The first sealing structure and the second sealing structure are both sealing rings.

5. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The second end of the sliding hole can be hidden in the first device.

6. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A first limiting structure (132) is provided on one side of the first coupling structure in the extension direction of the first coupling portion, and the mounting frame (110) is capable of preventing the first limiting structure (132) from entering the sliding hole.

7. The electrical connector according to claim 6, characterized in that The first limiting structure is a convex ring structure whose outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding hole.

8. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A second limiting structure (133) is provided on one side of the first coupling structure in the retracting direction of the first coupling portion, and the mounting frame (110) is capable of preventing the second limiting structure (133) from entering the sliding hole.

9. The electrical connector according to claim 8, characterized in that The second limiting structure is a convex ring structure whose outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding hole.

10. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The first coupling structure comprises a first screw rod (134) and a first follower, the mounting frame (110) is capable of limiting the circumferential rotation of the first screw rod (134), the first screw rod (134) is extended along the first axis, and the first coupling portion is arranged on the first screw rod (134), the first follower has a threaded hole, and the first screw rod (134) cooperates with the threaded hole of the first follower; the first component (100) also comprises a first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism is connected to the first follower, and is configured to drive the first follower to rotate around the first screw rod (134).

11. The electrical connector according to claim 10, characterized in that The first driving mechanism comprises a first rotary driver (121), a driving pulley (122), a synchronous belt (123) and a driven pulley (124); the output shaft of the first rotary driver (121) is coaxially fixed with the driving pulley (122); the driving pulley (122) and the driven pulley (124) are both matched with the synchronous belt (123); the driven pulley (124) is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the first driven member, or the first driven member is the driven pulley (124); and the threaded hole on the first driven member is coaxially arranged with the driven pulley (124).

12. The electrical connector according to claim 10, characterized in that The first driving mechanism comprises a first rotary driver (121), a driving gear (125) and a driven gear (126); the output shaft of the first rotary driver (121) is coaxially fixed with the driving gear (125), and the driving gear (125) is meshed with the driven gear (126); the driven gear (126) is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the first driven member, or the first driven member is the driven gear (126); and the threaded hole on the first driven member is coaxially arranged with the driven gear (126).

13. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The first coupling structure has a terminal, and the terminal includes the first coupling part; the second component (200) also includes a second driving mechanism, the second coupling structure includes a first hinged rod and a second hinged rod arranged opposite to each other, the second driving mechanism is connected to the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod, and is configured to drive the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod to move closer to each other to hold the first coupling part, or move away from each other to release the first coupling part; The second coupling portion is disposed on the first hinged rod and / or the second hinged rod, and can be coupled to the first coupling portion after the first hinged rod and the second hinged rod embrace the first coupling portion.

14. The electrical connector according to claim 13, characterized in that The first hinged rod and the second hinged rod both have an arc segment, and the second coupling portion is arranged on the concave arc side of the arc segment. The radius corresponding to the concave arc side of the arc segment matches the radius corresponding to the outer wall of the first coupling portion. The concave arc side of the arc segment of the first hinged rod and the concave arc side of the arc segment of the second hinged rod are arranged opposite to each other and are configured to embrace the first coupling portion.

15. The electrical connector according to claim 14, characterized in that The second component (200) further comprises a support (230), a second follower (240) and a third follower (250), one end of the first hinged rod and one end of the second hinged rod are both hinged to the support (230), the other end of the first hinged rod is hinged to the second follower (240), and the other end of the second hinged rod is hinged to the third follower (250); The second driving mechanism is connected to the second driven member (240) and the third driven member (250), and is configured as follows: The second driven member (240) and the third driven member (250) are driven to move towards or away from each other.

16. The electrical connector according to claim 15, characterized in that The second driving mechanism comprises a second rotary driver (211) and a second screw rod (212), wherein the second screw rod (212) is perpendicular to the first axis, the second follower (240) and the third follower (250) respectively have threaded holes, the threaded holes of the second follower (240) and the threaded holes of the third follower (250) are both matched with the second screw rod (212), the output shaft of the second rotary driver (211) is connected to the second screw rod (212), and is configured to drive the second screw rod (212) to rotate, and the rotation of the second screw rod (212) can drive the second follower (240) and the third follower (250) to move in opposite directions.

17. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that: The first coupling portion comprises a first positive coupling portion (135) and a first negative coupling portion (136), wherein the first positive coupling portion (135) and the first negative coupling portion (136) are respectively configured to connect the positive pole and the negative pole of the electrical system of the first device, and the first positive coupling portion (135) and the first negative coupling portion (136) are spaced apart and insulated from each other along the first axis; The second coupling portion comprises a second positive coupling portion and a second negative coupling portion which are insulated from each other, and the second positive coupling portion and the second negative coupling portion are respectively configured to connect the positive pole and the negative pole of the electrical system of the second device; the first hinged rod comprises a first positive hinged rod (221) and a first negative hinged rod (222), the second hinged rod comprises a second positive hinged rod (223) and a second negative hinged rod (224), the second positive coupling portion is arranged on the first positive hinged rod (221) and / or the second positive hinged rod (223), and the second negative coupling portion is arranged on the first negative hinged rod (222) and / or the second negative hinged rod (224); The first positive pole hinged rod (221) and the second positive pole hinged rod (223) are arranged opposite to each other and can tightly embrace the first positive pole coupling part (135); the first negative pole hinged rod (222) and the second negative pole hinged rod (224) are arranged opposite to each other and can tightly embrace the first negative pole coupling part (136).

18. A connection device, characterized in that: Configured to connect a tractor and a trailer, the connecting device includes a saddle and an electrical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 17, the mounting frame (110) includes a traction pin, the pin hole of the traction pin forms the sliding hole; the first device is a trailer, and the traction pin is installed on the trailer; the second device is a tractor, the saddle is installed on the tractor, the second component (200) is installed on the saddle, and the saddle cooperates with the traction pin.

19. A truck, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tractor, a trailer and the connecting device according to claim 18, wherein the connecting device is configured to connect the tractor and the trailer.

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