Radiation unit, antenna, and base station

Abstract

The present application relates to a radiation unit, an antenna, and a base station. The radiation unit (100) comprises two pairs of radiation arms (110) which are polarized and orthogonal; each radiation arm (110) is sequentially provided with an inner chord line (111) and an outer chord line (112) in a polarization direction from a polarization center; the inner chord line (111) and the outer chord line (112) are connected to form a closed structure; an arrow-ended line (113) is provided in the middle of the outer chord line (112); and the arrow-ended line (113) extends from the middle of the outer chord line (112) to the direction moving away from the polarization center. According to the radiation unit (100) provided by the present invention, the bandwidth of the radiation unit (100) is expanded by controlling the length of each arrow-ended line (113) on each radiation arm (110), expanding the application scenario of the radiation unit (100); additionally, the cross polarization of the radiation unit (100) can be effectively improved by providing the connected inner chord line (111) and outer chord line (112) on each radiation arm (110), thereby improving the performance of the radiation unit (100).

Description

Radiating units, antennas and base stations

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202310980639.X, filed on August 4, 2023, entitled “Radiating Unit, Antenna and Base Station,” the entire text of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communications, and in particular relates to a radiation unit, an antenna equipped with the radiation unit, and a base station equipped with the antenna. Background Art

[0004] Base station antennas are a crucial component of mobile communication systems, and their performance plays a crucial role in shaping them. With the rapid adoption of mobile communication technology and the rapid growth in mobile communication users in recent years, the operating bandwidth of existing base station antennas has gradually become insufficient.

[0005] As a crucial component of base station antennas, radiators are closely tied to their operating bandwidth. Existing radiators often incorporate various auxiliary structures to expand bandwidth, complicating their structure and significantly increasing production costs, hindering large-scale deployment. Furthermore, existing radiators are typically dual-polarized, with strong orthogonal coupling between their two polarizations. This can easily lead to poor cross-polarization performance for one of the polarized radiating arms, impacting the radiator's radiation performance.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to solve at least one of the above problems and to provide a radiation unit, an antenna and a base station.

[0008] To adapt to the various purposes of the present invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A radiation unit is provided to meet one of the purposes of the present invention, including two pairs of radiation arms arranged orthogonally with polarizations, wherein the radiation arms are provided with an inner chord and an outer chord in sequence along the polarization direction from the polarization center, the inner chord and the outer chord are connected to form a closed structure, and an arrow end line is provided in the middle of the outer chord, and the arrow end line extends from the middle of the outer chord in a direction away from the polarization center.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner string and the outer string arch out toward the polarization center to form a half-moon structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the closed structure is a closed groove, and the closed groove is half-moon shaped.

[0012] Specifically, the arrow end line is extended along the polarization axis of the polarization.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the arrow end line is associated with the bandwidth of the radiation unit.

[0014] Furthermore, two ends of the inner chord are respectively arranged to intersect with two ends of the outer chord, and a cantilever is vertically provided at the intersection of the inner chord and the outer chord.

[0015] Specifically, an auxiliary line is provided at the middle of the inner string, and the auxiliary line extends from the middle of the inner string in a direction away from the polarization center.

[0016] Furthermore, the arrow end line and the auxiliary line in the same radiation arm are coaxially arranged.

[0017] To meet one of the purposes of the present invention, an antenna is provided, which includes the radiation unit as described in any one of the preceding purposes.

[0018] To meet one of the objectives of the present invention, a base station is provided, which includes the antenna as described in the previous objective.

[0019] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the disclosed drawings without any creative work.

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic top view of a radiation unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the vector current of the radiation unit when the second pair of radiation arms of the radiation unit of the present invention is excited.

[0024] FIG4 is a diagram showing actual isolation measurement when the test antenna uses the radiation unit of the present invention.

[0025] FIG5 is a measured diagram of the horizontal radiation pattern when the test antenna uses the radiation unit of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The present invention provides a radiation unit, in which the inner chord and the outer chord of the radiation arm of the radiation unit are connected to form a closed structure, so that the radiation arm offsets the energy coupled from the two radiation arms of the other polarization, thereby improving the radiation performance; and by arranging the arrow end line, the bandwidth of the radiation unit is expanded, and the arrow end line structure is simple and easy to produce and manufacture.

[0028] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the radiation unit 100 includes two pairs of radiation arms 110 , and the two pairs of radiation arms 110 are arranged in a polarization-orthogonal manner.

[0029] The radiating arm 110 includes an inner chord 111, an outer chord 112, an arrow-end chord 113, and a cantilever 115. The inner chord 111 and the outer chord 112 are arranged sequentially along the polarization direction of the radiating arm 110 from the polarization center of the radiating unit 100, with the inner chord 111 being closer to the polarization center than the outer chord 112. Preferably, the inner chord 111 and the outer chord 112 are arranged sequentially along the polarization axis of the radiating arm 110.

[0030] Two ends of the inner chord 111 intersect with two ends of the outer chord 112 , respectively, so that the inner chord 111 and the outer chord 112 are connected to form a closed structure. In this embodiment, the closed structure is a closed groove 151 .

[0031] The tip line 113 is disposed in the middle of the outer chord 112 and extends away from the polarization center. The length of the tip line 113 is correlated with the bandwidth of the radiating element 100. The bandwidth of the radiating element 100 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the tip line 113. The tip line 113 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, without increasing the manufacturing difficulty of the radiating arm 110. Compared to traditional radiating elements at the same cost, it can effectively increase the bandwidth of the radiating element 100, facilitating large-scale deployment.

[0032] In this embodiment, the extension axis of the arrow end line 113 coincides with the polarization axis of the radiating arm 110 where the arrow end line 113 is located. The arrow end line 113 and the radiating arm 110 are integrally formed of sheet metal. Preferably, the arrow end line 113 is rectangular or arrow-shaped.

[0033] In one embodiment, the radiating arm 110 is further provided with an auxiliary line 116, which is disposed in the middle of the inner chord 111 and extends in a direction away from the polarization center. The auxiliary line 116 is used to further expand the bandwidth of the radiating unit 100. Preferably, the extension axis of the auxiliary line 116 coincides with the extension axis of the arrow end line 113.

[0034] The inner chord 111 includes a first end and a second end, and the outer chord 112 includes a first end and a second end. The first end of the inner chord 111 and the first end of the outer chord 112 intersect at a first intersection 117 , and the second end of the inner chord 111 and the second end of the outer chord 112 intersect at a second intersection 118 .

[0035] The cantilever 115 is vertically disposed on each of the first intersection region 117 and the second intersection region 118. The cantilever 115 is used to further expand the bandwidth of the radiating unit 100, thereby providing a wider bandwidth and enhancing the application range of the radiating unit 100. Preferably, the cantilever 115 is cylindrical, perpendicular to the radiating surface of the radiating arm 110, and extends in a direction away from the balun of the radiating arm 110. In another embodiment, the cantilever 115 is vertically disposed at both ends of the outer chord 112.

[0036] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the inner chord 111 and the outer chord 112 are both half-moon shaped. The inner and outer chords 111, 112 intersect at both ends, forming a closed half-moon slot 151. The half-moon-shaped configurations of the outer and inner chords 112, 111, can reduce cross-polarization signals. Preferably, the inner chord 111 and the outer chord 112 arch toward the polarization center, and the corresponding closed slot 151 also arches toward the polarization center.

[0037] Assume that the two pairs of radiating arms 110 of the radiating unit 100 are respectively arranged along the first polarization and the second polarization, wherein the first pair of radiating arms 110 is arranged for the first polarization, and the second pair of radiating arms 110 is arranged for the second polarization. The first pair of radiating arms 110 includes a first radiating arm 121 and a second radiating arm 122, and the second pair of radiating arms 110 includes a third radiating arm 123 and a fourth radiating arm 124.

[0038] The following describes the principle of cross-polarization improvement in the radiating element 100 using the first radiating arm 121 as an example. Assume that the first pair of radiating arms 110 operates at -45° and the second pair of radiating arms 110 operates at +45°. When the second pair of radiating arms 110 is excited, the radiation signal radiated by the second pair of radiating arms 110 is at +45°. The two radiating arms 110 of the first pair of radiating arms 110 respectively couple currents from the second pair of radiating arms 110. For example, the current coupled from the second pair of radiating arms 110 to the first radiating arm 121 forms a loop on the first radiating arm 121, as shown in FIG3 . FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the vector currents of the radiating element when the second pair of radiating arms 110 of the radiating element 100 is excited. Currents I1, I2, I3, and I4 are coupled to the first radiating arm 121.

[0039] Because the first radiating arm 121 has an inner string 111 and an outer string 112 that are interconnected, and both the inner string 111 and the outer string 112 are crescent-shaped, the directions of the current I1 and the current I2 on the first radiating arm 121 are opposite, thereby causing the currents I1 and I2 to cancel each other out. The directions of the currents I3 and I4 are also opposite, thereby causing the currents I3 and I4 to cancel each other out. This reduces the magnitude of the radiation signal on the first radiating arm 121 when the second pair of radiating arms 110 is excited. In other words, when the second pair of radiating arms 110 is excited to radiate a signal outward, the -45° polarized signal radiated outward by the first pair of radiating arms 110 due to coupling of the current of the second pair of radiating arms 110 is reduced, thereby reducing the cross-polarization of the radiating unit 100, improving the convergence of the radiation beam of the second pair of radiating arms 110, and increasing the isolation between the first pair of radiating arms 110 and the second pair of radiating arms 110, thereby enhancing the radiation performance of the radiating arms 110. The directions of the multiple currents flowing on the second radiation arm 122 are the same as those of the multiple currents flowing on the first radiation arm 121 , and are not described again for the sake of space.

[0040] When the first pair of radiation arms 110 is excited, the directions of the multiple currents flowing in the third radiation arm 123 and the fourth radiation arm 124 of the second pair of radiation arms 110 are the same as the directions of the multiple currents flowing in the first radiation arm 121 described above, which will not be repeated here to save space.

[0041] In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the radiating unit 100 further includes a balun base 131, which is used to support the two pairs of radiating arms 110. The upper end of the balun base 131 is connected to the reverse side of the two pairs of radiating arms 110, thereby supporting the two pairs of radiating arms 110. The lower end of the balun base 131 is disposed on a base plate 133. Preferably, the balun base 131 is made of an insulating material. The radiating unit 100 is a sheet metal or die-cast vibrator.

[0042] The radiating unit 100 also includes a pair of feed cores 134 and a pair of coaxial cables (not shown). The pair of feed cores 134 feed the first and second pairs of radiating arms 110, respectively, and couple and feed the two radiating arms 110 of the same polarization. The feed cores 134 are provided with first coupling portions 1341 corresponding to the radiating arms 110, and the radiating arms 110 are provided with second coupling portions 119 corresponding to the first coupling portions 1341. The first coupling portions 1341 and the second coupling portions 119 are coupled to each other to facilitate the feed core 134 feeding the radiating arms 110. Preferably, the first coupling portion 1341 is a sheet-like structure, and the second coupling portion 119 is a slot-like structure.

[0043] The pair of coaxial cables respectively feeds the pair of feed cores 134. Specifically, the inner conductors of the coaxial cables are electrically connected to the corresponding feed cores 134, and the outer conductors of the coaxial cables are connected to the balun base 131. For example, the inner conductors of the coaxial cables are welded to the corresponding feed cores 134, and the outer conductors of the coaxial cables are welded to the outer conductor of the balun base 131. The balun base 131 is provided with balun holes corresponding to the coaxial cables, so that the coaxial cables can be connected to the corresponding feed cores 134 through the balun holes.

[0044] In one embodiment, the first pair of radiating arms 110 constitutes a first dipole, the second pair of radiating arms 110 constitutes a second dipole, and the radiating unit 100 constitutes a dipole radiating unit 100 .

[0045] The following data was obtained through simulation tests when the test antenna used the radiating element in the typical embodiment of the present invention:

[0046] Figure 4 is a diagram showing the actual isolation when the test antenna uses the radiating element of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the radiating element has good isolation, which is below -30dB, and the circuit performance is good.

[0047] Figure 5 is a measured horizontal pattern of the radiation unit of the present invention when the test antenna is used. As shown in Figure 5, the radiation unit has a convergent beam, a good 60° cross-polarization index, and good radiation performance.

[0048] Therefore, through the data obtained from the above simulation tests, it can be seen that the radiation unit of the present invention can effectively improve the isolation of the radiation unit, improve the cross-polarization, and other radiation performances.

[0049] The present invention further provides an antenna, which includes the radiation unit 100 described above.

[0050] The present invention also provides a base station, which includes the antenna mentioned above.

[0051] To summarize, the radiation unit of the present invention expands the bandwidth of the radiation unit by arranging an arrow end line on the radiation arm, and further expands the bandwidth of the radiation unit by arranging a cantilever on the radiation arm, so that the radiation unit has a better bandwidth, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the radiation unit, and by arranging an inner chord line and an outer chord line on the radiation arm, the cross polarization of the radiation arm is optimized, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit.

[0052] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0053] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A radiation unit, comprising two pairs of radiation arms orthogonally arranged in polarization, wherein the radiation arms are provided with inner chords and outer chords in sequence from a polarization center along a polarization direction, the inner chords and the outer chords are connected to form a closed structure, an arrow end line is provided in the middle of the outer chords, and the arrow end line extends from the middle of the outer chords in a direction away from the polarization center. 2 . The radiation unit according to claim 1 , wherein the inner string and the outer string are arched toward the polarization center to form a half-moon structure. 3 . The radiation unit according to claim 1 , wherein the closed structure is a closed groove, and the closed groove is in a half-moon shape.

4. The radiation unit as described in claim 1, wherein the arrow tip line is extended along the polarization axis of the polarization.

5. The radiation element of claim 1, wherein the length of the arrow tip line is associated with a bandwidth of the radiation element.

6. The radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein two ends of the inner chord are respectively arranged to intersect with two ends of the outer chord, and a cantilever is vertically provided at the intersection of the inner chord and the outer chord.

7. The radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary line is provided at the middle of the inner string, and the auxiliary line extends from the middle of the inner string in a direction away from the polarization center.

8. The radiation unit as claimed in claim 7, wherein the arrow end line and the auxiliary line in the same radiation arm are coaxially arranged.

9. An antenna, comprising the radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A base station, comprising the antenna according to claim 9.

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