Power distribution apparatus, battery, and electric device

Abstract

A power distribution apparatus (100), a battery (1100), and an electric device. The power distribution apparatus (100) comprises an electrical assembly (110); the electrical assembly (110) comprises at least two electrical devices (1101); among the at least two electrical devices (1101), the electrical device having the largest size in a first direction is a first electrical device (111); the size of the first electrical device (111) in the first direction is not greater than the size of the first electrical device (111) in other directions; and the ratio of the size of the electrical assembly (110) in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device (111) in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.2. Therefore, it is possible to make the size of the power distribution apparatus in the first direction small, and the whole power distribution apparatus can be flat, so that the space occupied by the power distribution apparatus in a preset direction can be reduced, thereby providing larger mounting space for other components, reducing the arrangement difficulty of other components, improving the structural compactness of the electric device and the battery, facilitating improvement of the performance of the battery and the electric device, and also reducing manufacturing costs of the electric device and the battery.

Description

Power distribution devices, batteries and electrical equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on August 17, 2023, with application number 202311041198.3 and invention name “Distribution device, battery and electrical equipment”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of electrical power distribution technology, and in particular to a power distribution device, a battery, and electrical equipment. Background Art

[0003] With the advancement of science and technology, more and more electrical devices are using batteries as power sources, and the use of power distribution devices in these devices is also increasing. Power distribution devices can be used to distribute and manage power within high-voltage circuits in electrical devices. They can also be used in batteries to control battery charging and discharging. However, the electrical components within a power distribution device typically include multiple electrical devices, and the arrangement of these components in an electrical component is not very space-efficient. This results in the power distribution device requiring a larger installation space, which affects the performance of both the electrical device and the battery.

[0004] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0005] Application Contents

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a power distribution device, a battery and electrical equipment, including but not limited to solving the problem in the related art that the arrangement of electrical components in the power distribution device has low space utilization, resulting in the power distribution device requiring a larger installation space, affecting the performance of the electrical equipment and the battery.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in the embodiment of this application is:

[0008] In a first aspect, a power distribution device is provided, which includes an electrical component; the electrical component includes at least two electrical devices, among the at least two electrical devices, the electrical device with the largest size in a first direction is the first electrical device, the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is not larger than the size of the first electrical device in other directions, and the ratio of the size of the electrical component in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.2.

[0009] The power distribution device of the embodiment of the present application includes an electrical component, and the electrical component includes at least two electrical devices. Among the at least two electrical devices, the electrical device with the largest size in the first direction is the first electrical device, that is, the first electrical device is the electrical device with the largest size in the first direction in the electrical component; and the ratio of the size of the electrical component in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.2, so that the size of the power distribution device in the first direction is mainly determined by the size of the first electrical device in the first direction, and the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is not greater than the size of the first electrical device in other directions, that is, the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is the largest size of the first electrical device. Small size, so that the size of the distribution device in the first direction can be made smaller, and the size of the distribution device in the first direction is not larger than the size of the distribution device in other directions, so that the entire distribution device is flat. Then, when the installation space provided by the electrical equipment and the battery is limited in size in the preset direction, the distribution device can be installed in the installation space in a manner that the first direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset direction, reducing the occupied space of the distribution device in the preset direction, thereby providing more installation space for other components, reducing the difficulty of arranging other components, improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and batteries, and also helping to improve the performance of batteries and electrical equipment and reduce the production cost of electrical equipment and batteries.

[0010] In one embodiment, 1≤M≤1.1.

[0011] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 1≤M≤1.1, the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is smaller than the size of the electrical component in the first direction, so that the size of the electrical component in the first direction is smaller, the installation space required for the distribution device in the first direction is smaller, and the overall structural compactness is better, thereby improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 and enhancing the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment.

[0012] In one embodiment, the power distribution device further includes a mounting seat, and the first electrical component is mounted on the mounting seat; the overall size of the first electrical component plus the mounting seat in the first direction is not larger than the size of the power distribution device in other directions.

[0013] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the entire distribution device remains flat, which can reduce the space occupied by the distribution device in a preset direction. This is conducive to improving the structural compactness of electrical equipment and batteries, and enhancing the performance of batteries and electrical equipment.

[0014] In one embodiment, the mounting base has an external surface, and the external surface forms a first preset angle with the first direction, and the first preset angle is A1, wherein 0°≤A1≤45°, or 45°<A1≤90°.

[0015] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the power distribution device can be applied to different installation spaces, thereby improving the scope of application of the power distribution device.

[0016] In one embodiment, the power distribution device further comprises a connector for electrically connecting the electrical device and an external component, and the connector is mounted on the mounting seat.

[0017] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the connector is directly integrated into the power distribution device, and the power distribution device has a high degree of integration, which is beneficial to improving performance, reducing costs, and facilitating the connection between the power distribution device and external components.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first electrical component is a fuse, a resistor, a relay, or a current sensor.

[0019] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, fuses, resistors, relays or current sensors can be flexibly selected as the first electrical components according to the external dimensions of the fuses, resistors, relays or current sensors in the distribution device, thereby flattening different types of distribution devices and improving the structural compactness of different types of distribution devices.

[0020] In one embodiment, when the first electrical component is a relay, the relay includes a switch unit, the mounting base is configured with a first accommodating cavity, and the switch unit is exposed in the first accommodating cavity.

[0021] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the switch unit of the relay is directly exposed in the first accommodating cavity. In this way, the space occupied by the relay housing can be saved in the power distribution device, thereby improving the structural compactness of the power distribution device, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the power distribution device and reducing the production cost. In addition, the relay is usually a larger component in the power distribution device, and eliminating the relay housing can save a larger space in the power distribution device, thereby effectively improving the structural compactness of the power distribution device.

[0022] In one embodiment, a first gap is formed between at least one outer wall surface of the switch unit and a cavity wall surface corresponding to the first accommodating cavity, and the at least one first gap is filled with structural adhesive.

[0023] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the switch unit is bonded to the first accommodating cavity by structural adhesive, and the assembly materials of the relay and the mounting base are simple, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the power distribution device.

[0024] In one embodiment, at least one cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity is provided with ribs, and the ribs are used to abut against the outer wall of the switch unit.

[0025] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the switch unit can be positioned by the abutment of the ribs; in addition, the spacing of the first gap can be limited, which facilitates the subsequent filling of structural adhesive.

[0026] In one embodiment, the relay further includes a connection terminal for electrically connecting to other electrical devices, the switch unit is connected to the connection terminal, the first accommodating cavity has a first opening, and the connection terminal protrudes from the first opening.

[0027] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the connecting terminal protrudes out of the first opening, that is, the connecting terminal is exposed outside the first accommodating cavity, which can be conveniently electrically connected to other electrical devices.

[0028] In one embodiment, the power distribution device further includes an insulating cover assembly, which covers the first opening. The insulating cover assembly is provided with a through hole, and the connecting terminal is passed through the through hole so that the connecting terminal is exposed outside the mounting seat.

[0029] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the insulating cover assembly isolates the switch unit from the external environment, thereby achieving insulation protection for the relay and improving the reliability of the power distribution device.

[0030] In one embodiment, the relay has a plurality of connection terminals, and an insulating isolation portion is provided on a side of the insulating cover facing away from the switch unit, wherein the insulating isolation portion is located between two adjacent connection terminals.

[0031] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the insulating isolation part can insulate and separate two adjacent connection terminals, reduce the risk of short circuit, and improve the reliability of the distribution device.

[0032] In one embodiment, one of the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity and the insulating cover is provided with a snap-fitting groove, and the other is provided with a first snap-fitting first opening for snapping with the snap-fitting groove.

[0033] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first buckle and the buckling groove snap together to achieve the fixation of the insulating cover assembly. The fixing structure is simple and the assembly operation is simple, which is conducive to improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0034] In one embodiment, the power distribution device further includes a first electrical connector having a connecting end. The electrical device is provided with a plug-in terminal for electrically connecting to other electrical devices, and the connecting end is used to electrically connect to the plug-in terminal of at least one electrical device.

[0035] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first electrical connector can realize the connection between the electrical component and other electrical components, and the plug-in terminal and the connection end are electrically connected by electrical plugging. The connection method is simple and convenient for assembling the distribution device.

[0036] In one embodiment, the power distribution device further includes a first shell cover, the first electrical connector is mounted on the first shell cover, the first shell cover is mounted on the mounting seat, and the plug-in interface of the plug-in terminal is arranged toward the first shell cover.

[0037] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, since the plug-in interface of the plug-in terminal is facing the first shell cover, the distribution device can simultaneously complete the assembly of components and the electrical connection between the electrical device and the first electrical connector during the assembly process, which is beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency of the distribution device.

[0038] In one embodiment, the first electrical connection component is embedded in the first housing cover.

[0039] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first shell cover can provide insulation and protection for the first electrical connector, thereby improving the reliability of the distribution device. In addition, the first electrical connector is located inside the first shell cover, which is conducive to saving space, improving the overall structural compactness, and also conducive to reducing the external dimensions of the distribution device.

[0040] In one embodiment, the ratio of the size of the electrical component in the second direction to the size of the first electrical component in the second direction is N; wherein 1≤N≤1.2, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0041] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the size of the entire electrical component in the second direction can be determined by the size of the first electrical component in the second direction, so that the entire distribution device can be made smaller in the second direction. The sizes of the distribution device in the first direction and the second direction are both smaller, and the distribution device can be installed in a narrow space, further improving space utilization, improving the structural compactness and performance of electrical equipment and batteries, and reducing the production costs of electrical equipment and batteries.

[0042] In one embodiment, 1≤N≤1.1.

[0043] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 1≤N≤1.1, the size of the first electrical device in the second direction is smaller than the size of the electrical component in the second direction, and the size of the electrical component in the second direction is smaller, the installation space required for the distribution device in the second direction is smaller, and the overall structural compactness is also better, thereby improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery and enhancing the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment.

[0044] In one embodiment, a dimension of the first electrical component in the second direction is not smaller than dimensions of the first electrical component in other directions.

[0045] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the second direction is the direction of the maximum size of the first electrical device, which can provide a larger installation space in the second direction for electrical devices other than the first electrical device, and is also beneficial to the stacking distribution of electrical devices other than the first electrical device in the second direction, thereby reducing the dimensions of the distribution device in other directions other than the first and second directions of the first electrical device. The distribution device has good structural compactness and smaller external dimensions, which is beneficial to improving space utilization, improving the structural compactness and performance of electrical equipment and batteries, and reducing the manufacturing costs of electrical equipment and batteries.

[0046] In one embodiment, there are multiple first electrical components, and the multiple first electrical components are arranged along a third direction, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0047] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, multiple first electrical components can be arranged along the third direction, and the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the third direction. This can reduce the space occupied by the multiple first electrical components in the first direction and the second direction. The entire power distribution device is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the structure of the power distribution device is more compact. In addition, the elongated power distribution device can also better utilize the narrow space in the electrical equipment and batteries. The space utilization rate of the entire electrical equipment and batteries is high, and the structure of the electrical equipment and batteries is compact, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the electrical equipment and batteries, and is also beneficial to reducing the production cost of the electrical equipment and batteries.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first electrical component is the electrical component with the largest external dimensions.

[0049] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the outer dimensions of the first electrical device are the largest, and the minimum dimension of the first electrical device is usually larger than the minimum dimension of most other electrical devices in the distribution device. Therefore, when the electrical devices are arranged, the other electrical devices in the distribution device will not protrude from the side of the first electrical device along the first direction, or the part that protrudes from the side of the first electrical device along the first direction is smaller, thereby making the size of the entire electrical component smaller in the first direction, making the electrical component flat, and also beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the distribution device, and beneficial to improving the performance of electrical equipment and batteries.

[0050] In a second aspect, a battery is provided, comprising the power distribution device according to the above embodiment.

[0051] In a third aspect, an electrical device is provided, comprising a power distribution device as in the above embodiment; and / or comprising a battery as in the above embodiment.

[0052] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0054] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell shown in FIG3 ;

[0058] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution device provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG6 is an exploded schematic diagram of the power distribution device shown in FIG5 ;

[0060] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the first electrical device shown in FIG6 ;

[0061] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrical component shown in FIG6 from one perspective;

[0062] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrical component shown in FIG6 from another perspective;

[0063] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting base and connector shown in FIG6 ;

[0064] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting base provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a mounting base and a connector provided in yet another embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution device provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG14 is an exploded schematic diagram of the power distribution device shown in FIG13 ;

[0068] FIG15 is an exploded schematic diagram of the power distribution device shown in FIG13 with the heat conducting member and the second housing cover hidden;

[0069] FIG16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG13;

[0070] FIG17 is a partial enlarged view of point B in FIG15 ;

[0071] FIG18 is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting base shown in FIG15 .

[0072] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0073] 1000, vehicle; 1100, battery; 1200, controller; 1300, motor; 10, housing; 11, first part; 12, second part; 20, battery cell; 21, end cap; 211, electrode terminal; 212, pressure relief mechanism; 22, housing; 23, electrode assembly; 100, power distribution device; 110, electrical component; 1101, electrical component; 111, first electrical component; 11101, relay; 11102, main positive relay; 11103, main negative relay; 1111, connecting terminal; 1112, switch unit; 112, fuse; 113, pre-charge relay; 114, pre-charge resistor; 120, connector; 130, housing; 131, mounting base; 1311, first accommodating cavity; 13111, first opening; 13 112. First gap; 13113. Rib; 1312. Second accommodating chamber; 1313. Third accommodating chamber; 1314. Fourth accommodating chamber; 1315. External surface; 1316. Snap-fit ​​groove; 132. First shell cover; 1321. Edge; 1322. Fifth accommodating chamber; 1323. Sixth accommodating chamber; 1324. Seventh accommodating chamber; 1325. Insulating isolation plate; 13211. Second snap; 133. Second shell cover; 1331. Accommodating hole; 141. Insulating cover assembly; 1411. Insulating isolation portion; 1412. First snap; 1413. Through hole; 142. Plug terminal; 151. First electrical connector; 1511. Connecting end; 152. Second electrical connector; 153. Third electrical connector; 154. Insulating member; 160. Thermal conductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0075] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0076] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0077] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0078] In this application, for the convenience of description, the Z-axis in the accompanying drawings represents the up and down direction, the positive direction of the Z-axis represents up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis represents down; the X-axis in the accompanying drawings represents the left and right direction, the positive direction of the X-axis represents right, and the negative direction of the Y-axis represents left; the Y-axis in the accompanying drawings represents the front and back direction, the positive direction of the Y-axis represents back, and the negative direction of the Y-axis represents front.

[0079] An electrical device can refer to a device that uses a battery as a power source, which provides electrical energy to the device, thereby driving the device. Electrical devices are usually equipped with a power distribution device, which is used to control the operation of the high-voltage circuit in the electrical device. The "voltage" in the high-voltage circuit refers to the voltage, and the high-voltage circuit refers to a circuit with a voltage exceeding 60V. For example, the power distribution device can be a high-voltage distribution box, which can refer to a device responsible for distributing and managing power to the high-voltage circuit in the electrical device, such as a PDU (Power Distribution Unit) used in new energy vehicles. The function of the PDU is to distribute and manage power in the high-voltage circuit of the new energy vehicle, providing charging and discharging control, high-voltage component power-on control, circuit overload and short-circuit protection, high-voltage sampling, low-voltage control, and other functions for the entire vehicle, protecting and monitoring the operation of the high-voltage circuit. The high-voltage distribution box can also refer to a component used in the battery to control the battery's charging and discharging, such as a BDU (Battery Disconnect Unit). The BDU controls the battery's charging and discharging and is a high-voltage distribution box designed specifically for batteries.

[0080] However, with the continuous improvement of the requirements for the structural compactness and cost of electrical equipment and batteries, the requirements for the layout of electrical components in the distribution device are also getting higher and higher; the electrical components of the distribution device usually include multiple electrical components, and the arrangement of multiple electrical components usually directly affects the overall external dimensions of the distribution device. The larger the overall size of the multiple electrical components after arrangement, the larger the overall external dimensions of the entire distribution device, and the larger the installation space required for the distribution device; generally, the installation space provided by batteries and electrical equipment is relatively limited in size in the preset direction, and when the distribution device is installed in the installation space, the distribution device occupies more space in the preset direction, then the space occupied by other components is smaller, which will affect the arrangement of other components and increase the difficulty of arranging other components, thereby affecting the performance of the battery and electrical equipment.

[0081] The power distribution device of the embodiment of the present application includes an electrical component, which includes at least two electrical devices. Among the at least two electrical devices, the electrical device with the largest size in the first direction is the first electrical device, that is, the first electrical device is the electrical device with the largest size in the first direction in the electrical component; and the ratio of the size of the electrical component in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is M, and 1≤M≤1.2, so that the size of the power distribution device in the first direction is determined by the size of the first electrical device in the first direction, and the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is not greater than the size of the first electrical device in other directions, that is, the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is the minimum size of the first electrical device. In this way, the size of the power distribution device in the first direction can be made smaller, so that the entire power distribution device is flat. Then, when the installation space provided by the electrical equipment and the battery is limited in size in the preset direction, the power distribution device can be installed in the installation space in a manner that the first direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset direction, reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device in the direction, thereby providing more installation space for other components, reducing the difficulty of arranging other components, improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery, and also helping to improve the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment and reduce the manufacturing cost of the electrical equipment and the battery.

[0082] The power distribution device, battery and power-consuming equipment disclosed in the embodiments of the present application; from the perspective of the development of the market situation, the application of batteries is becoming more and more extensive. Batteries are not only used in energy storage power supply systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as in multiple fields such as military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding. Power-consuming equipment can be but is not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Among them, electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, for example, game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc., and spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.

[0083] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 1. Vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 1100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000. The battery 1100 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 1100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 1100 can serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 can also include a controller 1200 and a motor 1300. The controller 1200 is used to control the battery 1100 to power the motor 1300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 1100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0086] Referring to Figure 2 , an embodiment of a battery 1100 includes a housing 10 and battery cells 20, with the battery cells 20 housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 provides a storage space for the battery cells 20 and can have various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 can include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other and together define a storage space for the battery cells 20. The second portion 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first portion 11 can be a plate-like structure, overlapping the open side of the second portion 12 to define the storage space. Alternatively, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can be hollow structures with one end open, with the open side of the first portion 11 overlapping the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the housing 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder or a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0087] In the battery 1100 , there may be multiple battery cells 20 , and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and in parallel.

[0088] In one embodiment, multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, parallel, or hybrid, and the entire battery cell 20 may then be housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery 1100 may be constructed by first connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, parallel, or hybrid to form a battery module, which is then connected in series, parallel, or hybrid to form a complete battery module, and then housed within the housing 10. The battery 1100 may also include other structures, such as a busbar assembly for electrically connecting the multiple battery cells 20.

[0089] Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.

[0090] As another embodiment of the battery 1100 , the battery 1100 may not include the housing 10 , but may be assembled into an electrical device by electrically connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 and forming a whole with necessary fixing structures.

[0091] 3 and 4 , a battery cell 20 is the smallest unit of a battery. As shown in FIG3 , the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21 , a housing 22 , an electrode assembly 23 , and other functional components.

[0092] The end cap 21 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain degree of hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy). This prevents the end cap 21 from deforming when subjected to compression or collision, thereby enhancing the structural strength and safety of the battery cell 20. Functional components such as electrode terminals 211 can be provided on the end cap 21. The electrode terminals 211 can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism 212 for relieving internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The end cap 21 can also be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any specific limitations on this. In some embodiments, an insulating component may be provided inside the end cap 21 to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating component may be made of plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0093] The housing 22 is a component that cooperates with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and end cap 21 can be separate components. An opening can be provided in the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is placed over the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the interior of the housing 22 needs to be enclosed, the end cap 21 is placed over the housing 22. The housing 22 can have a variety of shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, or a hexagonal prism. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined based on the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any particular limitations on this.

[0094] The electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where the electrochemical reaction occurs. One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained within the housing 22. The electrode assembly 23 includes a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) are embedded in and released from the positive and negative electrode members. The separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode members to prevent the positive and negative electrode members from short-circuiting while allowing active ions to pass through.

[0095] In some embodiments, the positive electrode member may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0096] In some embodiments, the negative electrode member may be a negative electrode sheet, which may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0097] In some embodiments, the separator is a separator. The present application has no particular limitation on the type of separator, and any known separator with a porous structure having good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.

[0098] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 23 is a wound structure in which the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound into a wound structure.

[0099] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 23 is a laminated structure.

[0100] In some embodiments, the power distribution device 100 can be used to control the distribution and management of electrical energy from the battery 1100 to the controller 1200 and the motor 1300, thereby assisting the operation of the vehicle 1000; the power distribution device 100 can also be used to control the charging and discharging of the battery cells 20 in the battery 1100. The power distribution device 100 can be installed inside the box 10 or outside the box 10.

[0101] 5 to 8 , in one embodiment of the present application, a power distribution device 100 is provided, which includes an electrical component 110; the electrical component 110 includes at least two electrical devices 1101, wherein the electrical device 1101 with the largest size in the first direction among the at least two electrical devices 1101 is the first electrical device 111, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is not greater than the size of the first electrical device 111 in other directions, and the ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.2.

[0102] The power distribution device 100 is typically provided with multiple electrical components 1101, which together form an electrical assembly 110. Electrical components 1101 may include, but are not limited to, relays, fuses, resistors, current sensors, and other components. A first electrical component 111 may refer to the largest electrical component 1101 in the first direction within the power distribution device 100, or may refer to the largest electrical module in the first direction within the power distribution device 100. An electrical module may refer to a module formed by integrating multiple electrical components 1101 within the power distribution device 100.

[0103] A plane parallel to the first direction is defined as a first auxiliary projection plane, and the orthographic projection of the first electrical device 111 on the first auxiliary projection plane obtains a first projection figure, the orthographic projection of the first direction on the first auxiliary projection plane obtains a first projection direction, and the orthographic projection of the first projection figure in the first projection direction obtains a first projection straight line, and the length of the first projection straight line may refer to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction. For example, referring to FIG7 , the size of the first electrical device 111 in the width direction is the smallest, and the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction may refer to the width L1 of the first electrical device 111; similarly, the orthographic projection of the electrical component 110 on the first auxiliary projection plane obtains a second projection figure, and the orthographic projection of the second projection figure in the first projection direction obtains a second projection straight line, and the length of the second projection straight line may refer to the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction; for example, referring to FIG8 , the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction may refer to the width L2 of the electrical component 110; or, referring to FIG15 , the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction may be the height of the electrical component 110.

[0104] The ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.2. It can be understood that M is the ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction, and the ratio range is 1 to 1.2; when M=1, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is equal to the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction, that is, the electrical components 1101 other than the first electrical device 111 of the electrical component 110 will not protrude from the first electrical device 111. The side of an electrical component 111 along the first direction; when 1<M≤1.2, the other electrical components 1101 of the electrical component 110 except the first electrical component 111 protrude from the side of the first electrical component 111 along the first direction and the protrusion is not much, so that the size of the first electrical component 111 in the first direction is smaller than the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction, and the size of the first electrical component 111 in the first direction is not much different from the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction, that is, the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction is mainly determined by the first electrical component 111.

[0105] The size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is not greater than the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in other directions. It can be understood that the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is less than or equal to the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in other directions, that is, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is the minimum size of the first electrical device 111. The other directions here may refer to directions other than the first direction. Specifically, when the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in at least two directions are different, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction may be smaller than the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in other directions, or the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in multiple directions are equal, and the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in these directions are smaller than the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in other directions except these directions, that is, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is equal to any one of the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in these directions, that is, the first electrical device 111 has multiple minimum size directions. When the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in all directions are the same, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction may refer to the size of the first electrical device 111 in any direction. For example, the shape of the first electrical device 111 is a sphere.

[0106] The first direction may refer to a direction in which the first electrical device 111 has the smallest size. For example, in combination with Figures 5 to 18 , the first direction may refer to the Y direction in the figures. The height direction of the first electrical device 111 may refer to the Z direction in the figures. The width direction of the first electrical device 111 may refer to the Y direction in the figures. The length direction of the first electrical device 111 may refer to the X direction in the figures. The size of the first electrical device 111 in the width direction is the smallest. The first direction may refer to the width direction of the first electrical device 111.

[0107] The power distribution device 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes an electrical component 110, and the electrical component 110 includes at least two electrical devices 1101. Among the at least two electrical devices 1101, the electrical device 1101 with the largest size in the first direction is the first electrical device 111, that is, the first electrical device 111 is the electrical device 1101 with the largest size in the first direction in the electrical component 110; and the ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.2, so that the size of the power distribution device 100 in the first direction is mainly determined by the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction, and the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is not greater than the size of the first electrical device 111 in other directions, that is, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is greater than the size of the first electrical device 111 in other directions. The size is the minimum size of the first electrical device 111, so that the size of the distribution device 100 in the first direction can be made smaller, and the size of the distribution device 100 in the first direction is not larger than the size of the distribution device 100 in other directions, so that the entire distribution device 100 is flat. Then, when the installation space provided by the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 is limited in size in the preset direction, the distribution device 100 can be installed in the installation space in a manner that the first direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the preset direction, reducing the occupied space of the distribution device 100 in the preset direction, thereby providing more installation space for other components, reducing the difficulty of arranging other components, improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100, and also helping to improve the performance of the battery 1100 and the electrical equipment, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100.

[0108] In some batteries 1100, the installation space provided by the battery 1100 is located on the side of the battery cell 20, and the installation space is limited by the height direction of the battery cell 20. When the height of the battery cell 20 is small, the height of the installation space provided by the battery 1100 is small. In this way, the first direction of the power distribution device 100 can be set parallel or nearly parallel to the height direction of the battery cell 20, reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the height direction of the battery cell 20, and providing more installation space for other components in the height direction of the battery cell 20, which is convenient for the arrangement of other components, reduces the difficulty of arrangement, and is also conducive to improving the power consumption device. The invention can improve the structural compactness of the equipment and the battery 1100, improve the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment, and reduce the production cost of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100; when the height of the battery cell 20 is relatively large, the first direction of the power distribution device 100 can be set perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the height direction of the battery cell 20, thereby reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the width or length direction of the battery cell 20, and providing more installation space for other components in the width or length direction of the battery cell 20, which is convenient for the arrangement of other components and reduces the difficulty of arrangement, and is also conducive to improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 and improving the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment. In other batteries 1100, the power distribution device 100 can also be installed at the top or bottom of the battery cell 20, and the first direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the height direction of the battery 1100, so as to reduce the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the height direction of the battery 1100.

[0109] If the installation space provided by the battery 1100 is limited in the length direction of the battery 1100, the first direction of the power distribution device 100 can be arranged parallel or nearly parallel to the length direction of the battery 1100, thereby reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the length direction of the battery 1100, thereby providing more installation space for other components in the length direction of the battery cells 20, facilitating the arrangement of other components, reducing the difficulty of arrangement, and also helping to improve the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and battery 1100, enhance the performance of the battery and electrical equipment, and reduce the manufacturing cost of the electrical equipment and battery 1100. Specifically, the power distribution device 100 can be installed on the side of the battery 1100 in the length direction, or it can be installed on the top and bottom of the battery 1100 to reduce the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the length direction of the battery 1100.

[0110] In the case where the installation space provided by the battery 1100 is limited in the width direction of the battery 1100, the first direction of the power distribution device 100 can be arranged parallel or nearly parallel to the width direction of the battery 1100, thereby reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the width direction of the battery 1100, thereby providing more installation space for other components in the width direction of the battery 1100, facilitating the arrangement of other components, reducing the difficulty of arrangement, and also facilitating the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100, improving the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100. Specifically, the power distribution device 100 can be installed on the side of the battery 1100 along the width direction, or it can be installed on the top and bottom of the battery 1100 to reduce the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the width direction of the battery 1100.

[0111] In another embodiment of the present application, 1≤M≤1.1.

[0112] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 1≤M≤1.1, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the first direction is smaller than the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction, so that the size of the electrical component 110 in the first direction is smaller, the installation space required for the distribution device 100 in the first direction is smaller, and the overall structural compactness is also better, thereby improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 and enhancing the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment.

[0113] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 6 to 9, the ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is N; wherein 1≤N≤1.2, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0114] The second direction may refer to a direction intersecting the first direction, that is, the first direction and the second direction are not parallel or coincident. For example, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. The second direction may refer to the Z direction in Figures 6 to 18 .

[0115] A plane parallel to the second direction is defined as a second auxiliary projection plane, and the orthographic projection of the first electrical device 111 on the second auxiliary projection plane obtains a third projection figure, the orthographic projection of the second direction on the second auxiliary projection plane obtains the second projection direction, and the orthographic projection of the third projection figure in the second projection direction obtains a third projection straight line, and the length of the third projection straight line may refer to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction; for example, in combination with Figures 8 and 9, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction may refer to the height L3 of the first electrical device 111; similarly, the orthographic projection of the electrical component 110 on the second auxiliary projection plane obtains a fourth projection figure, and the orthographic projection of the fourth projection figure in the second projection direction obtains a fourth projection straight line, and the length of the fourth projection straight line may refer to the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction; for example, in combination with Figure 9, the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction is equal to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction, that is, the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction may refer to the height L3 of the first electrical device 111.

[0116] The ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is N; wherein 1≤N≤1.2, it can be understood that N is the ratio of the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction to the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction, and the ratio range is 1 to 1.2; when N=1, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is equal to the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction, that is, the electrical components 1101 other than the first electrical device 111 of the electrical component 110 will not protrude from the first electrical device 111. The side of the electrical device 111 along the second direction; when 1<N≤1.2, the other electrical devices 1101 of the electrical component 110 except the first electrical device 111 protrude from the side of the first electrical device 111 along the second direction and the protrusion is not much, so that the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is smaller than the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction, and the size of the second electrical device 1101 in the second direction is not much different from the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction, that is, the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction is mainly determined by the first electrical device 111.

[0117] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the size of the entire electrical component 110 in the second direction can be determined by the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction, so that the entire distribution device 100 can be made smaller in the second direction. The sizes of the distribution device 100 in the first direction and the second direction are both smaller. The distribution device 100 can be installed in a narrow space, further improving space utilization, improving the structural compactness and performance of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100, and reducing the production cost of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100.

[0118] In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 6 to 9 , 1≤N≤1.1.

[0119] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 1≤N≤1.1, the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is smaller than the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction, and the size of the electrical component 110 in the second direction is smaller, the installation space required by the distribution device 100 in the second direction is smaller, and the overall structural compactness is also better, thereby improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 and enhancing the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment.

[0120] In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 6 to 9 , the size of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is not smaller than the sizes of the first electrical device 111 in other directions.

[0121] It is understood that the second direction may refer to the direction of the maximum dimension of the first electrical device 111. Specifically, if the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 are different in at least two directions, the dimension of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction may be greater than the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 in other directions. Alternatively, the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 in multiple directions are equal, and the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 in these directions are greater than the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 in other directions except these directions. In other words, the dimension of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction is equal to any one of the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 in these directions, that is, the first electrical device 111 has multiple directions of maximum dimension. If the dimensions of the first electrical device 111 are equal in all directions, the dimension of the first electrical device 111 in the second direction may refer to the dimension of the first electrical device 111 in any direction. For example, the first electrical device 111 is spherical. The "other directions" herein refer to all directions except the second direction. The second direction may refer to the direction of the maximum dimension of the first electrical device 111. For example, in conjunction with Figures 5 to 18, the second direction may refer to the height direction of the first electrical device 111.

[0122] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the second direction is the maximum dimension direction of the first electrical device 111, which can provide a larger installation space in the second direction for the electrical devices 1101 other than the first electrical device 111, and is also beneficial for the stacking distribution of the electrical devices 1101 other than the first electrical device 111 in the second direction, thereby reducing the dimensions of the distribution device 100 in other directions other than the first and second directions of the first electrical device 111. The distribution device 100 has good structural compactness and smaller external dimensions, which is beneficial to improving space utilization, improving the structural compactness and performance of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100, and reducing the manufacturing cost of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100.

[0123] In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 6 to 9, there are multiple first electrical devices 111, and the multiple first electrical devices 111 are arranged along a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction.

[0124] The third direction may refer to a direction perpendicular to the second direction and the third direction. The plurality of first electrical devices 111 are arranged along the third direction. The third direction may refer to the X direction in FIGS. 5 to 18 , or may refer to the length direction of the first electrical devices 111 .

[0125] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, multiple first electrical devices 111 can be arranged along the third direction, and the first direction and the second direction are both perpendicular to the third direction. This can reduce the space occupied by the multiple first electrical devices 111 in the first direction and the second direction. The entire power distribution device 100 is in the shape of an elongated strip, and the structure of the power distribution device 100 is more compact. In addition, the elongated power distribution device 100 can also make better use of the narrow space inside the electrical equipment and the battery 1100. The space utilization rate of the entire electrical equipment and the battery 1100 is high, and the structure of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 is compact, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100, and is also beneficial to reducing the production cost of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100.

[0126] In another embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figures 6 and 10, the distribution device 100 also includes a mounting base 131, and the first electrical component 111 is installed on the mounting base 131. The overall size of the first electrical component 111 plus the mounting base 131 in the first direction is smaller than the size of the distribution device 100 in other directions.

[0127] The mounting base 131 may refer to a mounting base for the first electrical component 111 and plays a role in supporting the first electrical component 111. Of course, other electrical components of the electrical component 110 besides the first electrical component 111 may also be mounted on the mounting base 131.

[0128] The overall size of the first electrical component 111 plus the mounting base 131 in the first direction can be understood as the size of the overall component in the first direction after the first electrical component 111 is mounted on the mounting base 131 .

[0129] The dimensions of the power distribution device 100 in other directions may be understood to refer to the dimensions of the power distribution device 100 in directions other than the first direction.

[0130] The overall size of the first electrical component 111 plus the mounting base 131 in the first direction is no larger than the size of the power distribution device 100 in other directions. It is understood that the overall size of the first electrical component 111 plus the mounting base 131 in the first direction is less than or equal to the size of the power distribution device 100 in other directions. That is, the overall size of the first electrical component 111 plus the mounting base 131 in the first direction is the minimum size of the power distribution device 100, and the first direction is the direction of the minimum size of the power distribution device 100, making the power distribution device 100 flat. Here, other directions may refer to directions other than the first direction.

[0131] It should be noted that after the arrangement of the electrical components 1101 is determined, the size of the mounting base 131 is designed according to the installation requirements, usage requirements and the arrangement of the electrical components 1101 of the distribution device 100. The size of the mounting base 131 is adapted to the overall size of the electrical components 1101 after arrangement, so that the mounting base 131 has little effect on the overall size ratio of the distribution device 100, making the distribution device 100 flat. Specifically, the mounting seat 131 can be a plate, and each electrical component 1101 is mounted on the plate. Usually, the plate surface size is adapted to the projection range of the electrical component 110 on the plate surface, and the plate is usually relatively thin. This arrangement allows the entire distribution device 100 to remain flat. The mounting seat 131 can also be shell-shaped, and the inner cavity of the shell-shaped mounting seat 131 is used to accommodate the electrical component 110. In this way, a shell structure covering the outside of the electrical component 110 can be adaptively designed. The shell structure is the shell-shaped mounting seat 131, and the outer dimensions of the mounting seat 131 are adapted to the outer dimensions of the electrical component 110, so that the entire distribution device 100 remains flat. The mounting seat 131 is made of insulating material, such as PP (Polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PVC (Polyvinylchlorid, polyvinyl chloride) and other insulating plastics, to provide insulation protection for the electrical component 110.

[0132] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the entire distribution device 100 remains flat, which can reduce the space occupied by the distribution device 100 in a preset direction. This is beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100 and enhancing the performance of the battery and the electrical equipment.

[0133] In actual application, electrical equipment and batteries 1100 are usually provided with mounting surfaces, which are used for installation of mounting bases 131, and the position of the mounting surface is relatively fixed. In this case, the power distribution device 100 needs to be designed with the size of the mounting space provided by the mounting surface according to the position of the mounting surface to improve space utilization, improve performance and reduce costs.

[0134] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 11 , the mounting base 131 has an external surface 1315 , and the external surface 1315 forms a first preset angle with the first direction, the first preset angle being A1, where 0°≤A1≤45°.

[0135] The external surface 1315 may refer to the surface where the mounting seat 131 is connected or in contact with the mounting surface. It should be noted that the shape of the mounting seat 131 shown in FIG11 is for convenience of illustration and does not represent the actual shape. Its specific shape may be designed according to actual needs.

[0136] The external surface 1315 forms a first preset angle with the first direction. It is understood that an angle can be formed between the first direction and the external surface 1315, and two angles are usually formed between the first direction and the external surface 1315, and the two angles are complementary angles. The first preset angle can refer to the smaller of the two angles, and the angle of the smaller angle is A1. Specifically, the external surface 1315 can refer to the surface of the mounting base 131 that forms a first preset angle with the first direction. The external surface 1315 on the mounting base 131 can be determined based on the angle between the mounting surface and the preset direction of the mounting space and the first direction. When the power distribution device 100 is installed in the mounting space, the power distribution device 100 occupies a small amount of space in the preset direction to facilitate the arrangement of other components.

[0137] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 0°≤A1≤45° makes the inclination angle of the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 relative to the external surface 1315 smaller. In this way, the distribution device 100 can be installed in some installation spaces where the inclination angle of the minimum dimension direction relative to the installation surface is smaller, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the space inside the electrical equipment, and further improving space utilization.

[0138] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG11 , 0°≤A1≤10°.

[0139] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 0°≤A1≤10° makes the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 parallel or nearly parallel to the external surface 1315. In this way, during actual use, the distribution device 100 is installed in some installation spaces where the minimum dimension direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the installation surface, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the space inside the electrical equipment, and further improving space utilization.

[0140] In one embodiment, the value of A1 can be, but is not limited to, 0°, 2°, 4°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 14°, 16°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 24°, 26°, 28°, 30°, 32°, 34°, 36°, 38°, 40°, 42°, 44°, or 45°.

[0141] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 5 to 10 , the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the first electrical component 111, the bottom surface or top surface of the mounting seat 131 is the external surface 1315, and the width direction of the first electrical component 111 is parallel to the external surface 1315, that is, the value of A1 is 0°; when actually used in the battery 1100, if the height of the battery cell 20 is relatively large, the top surface or bottom surface of the mounting seat 131 can be used as the external surface 1315. After the external surface 1315 is installed on the mounting surface, the first electrical component 111 is in a vertical shape, and the width direction of the power distribution device 100 is parallel or nearly parallel to the width direction or length direction of the battery cell 20, so that the power distribution device 100 can reduce the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the width direction or length direction of the battery cell 20 on the basis of meeting the height installation requirements of the battery cell 20, so as to facilitate the distribution of other components. Here, the height direction of the power distribution device 100 can refer to the Z direction in Figures 5 to 10 , and the width direction of the power distribution device 100 can refer to the Y direction in Figures 5 to 10 .

[0142] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 11 , the mounting seat 131 has an external surface 1315 , and the external surface 1315 forms a first preset angle with the first direction, the first preset angle being A1, where 45°<A1≤90°.

[0143] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 45°<A1≤90° makes the inclination angle of the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 relative to the external surface 1315 larger. In this way, during actual use, the distribution device 100 is installed in some spaces where the inclination angle of the minimum dimension direction relative to the installation surface is larger, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the installation space inside the electrical equipment, further improving space utilization.

[0144] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG11 , 80°≤A1≤90°.

[0145] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 80°≤A1≤90° makes the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 vertical or nearly vertical relative to the external surface 1315. In this way, the distribution device 100 can be installed in some installation spaces where the minimum dimension direction is vertical or nearly vertical relative to the installation surface, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the space inside the electrical equipment, and further improving space utilization.

[0146] In one embodiment, the value of A1 may be, but is not limited to, 45.1°, 47°, 49°, 51°, 53°, 55°, 57°, 59°, 61°, 63°, 65°, 67°, 69°, 71°, 73°, 75°, 77°, 79°, 80°, 82°, 84°, 86°, 88°, or 90°.

[0147] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 13-15 , the first direction is parallel to the width direction of the first electrical component 111 , and the side surface of the mounting base 131 along the Y direction serves as an external surface 1315 . The width direction of the first electrical component 111 is perpendicular to the external surface 1315 , i.e., the value of A1 is 90°. Furthermore, when actually used in a battery 1100 , if the height of the battery cell 20 is relatively small, the side surface of the mounting base 131 along the Y direction can serve as the external surface 1315 . Thus, after the external surface 1315 is mounted on the mounting surface, the first electrical component 111 is horizontal, and the height direction of the power distribution device 100 is parallel or nearly parallel to the height direction of the battery cell 20 . This reduces the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the height direction of the battery cell 20 and facilitates the arrangement of other components. The height direction of the power distribution device 100 can be referred to as the Y direction in Figures 13-15 , and the width direction of the power distribution device 100 can be referred to as the Z direction in Figures 13-15 .

[0148] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the power distribution device 100 further includes a connector 120 for electrically connecting the electrical device 1101 and an external component, and the connector 120 is mounted on a mounting seat 131 .

[0149] The connector 120 may refer to a component that electrically connects the power distribution device 100 with external components; the connector 120 electrically connects the electrical components 1101 in the power distribution device 100 with external components, and may also realize the power distribution function of the power distribution device 100; for example, the connector 120 may refer to the charging interface of the battery 1100, or it may refer to the interface for connecting electrical components such as the motor 1300 and the controller 1200 in the electrical equipment, then the corresponding external component may refer to a charging plug for charging the battery 1100; it may also refer to electrical components such as the motor 1300 and the controller 1200 in the electrical equipment.

[0150] The connector 120 is installed on the mounting seat 131. It can be understood that the connector 120 is connected to the mounting seat 131, and the mounting seat 131 supports the connector 120; wherein, the connector 120 can be fixed to the mounting seat 131 by snapping, screwing, one-piece molding, etc., and one-piece molding includes but is not limited to one-piece injection molding, one-piece cutting processing, etc.

[0151] In the electrical assembly 110, some or all of the electrical components 1101 may be electrically connected to the connector 120. The electrical components 1101 and the connector 120 may be electrically connected via conductive members such as wires and copper bars.

[0152] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the connector 120 is directly integrated into the power distribution device 100. The power distribution device 100 has a high degree of integration, which is beneficial to improving performance, reducing costs, and facilitating the connection between the power distribution device 100 and external components.

[0153] In some actual applications, the installation position and installation method of the connector 120 in the electrical equipment or battery 1100 are relatively fixed, so that the plugging direction of the connector 120 is also relatively fixed. In this way, the external dimensions of the distribution device 100 can be designed according to the plugging direction of the connector 120 and the size of the installation space provided at the position of the connector 120, so as to improve space utilization, improve performance and reduce costs.

[0154] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 12 , the plugging direction of the connector 120 forms a second preset angle with the first direction, and the second preset angle is A2, where 0°≤A2≤45°.

[0155] Connector 120 typically has a mating connector that plugs into it to achieve electrical continuity. The direction in which the connector connector is inserted into connector 120 is referred to as the mating direction of connector 120. For example, the mating direction of connector 120 can be seen in the direction indicated by arrow N in FIG. 12 ; the mating direction of connector 120 can also be seen in the Y direction in FIG. 10 ; and the mating direction of connector 120 can also be seen in the Z direction in FIG. 14 . It should be noted that the shape of mounting base 131 shown in FIG. 12 is for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the actual shape. Its specific shape can be designed according to actual needs.

[0156] The plugging direction of connector 120 forms a second preset angle with the first direction. It is understood that the first direction and the plugging direction of connector 120 may form an angle, and generally, two angles are formed between the first direction and the plugging direction of connector 120. The second preset angle may be the smaller of the two angles, with the smaller angle being angle A2. Specifically, the installation angle of power distribution device 100 can be determined based on the angle between the plugging direction of connector 120 and the preset direction of the installation space, thereby minimizing the space occupied by power distribution device 100 in the preset direction and facilitating the arrangement of other components.

[0157] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 0°≤A2≤45° makes the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 smaller relative to the plug-in direction of the connector 120. In this way, the distribution device 100 can be installed in some installation spaces where the minimum dimension direction has a smaller inclination angle relative to the plug-in direction of the connector 120, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the space inside the electrical equipment, and further improving space utilization.

[0158] In another embodiment of the present application, 0°≤A2≤10°.

[0159] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 0°≤A2≤10° makes the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 parallel or nearly parallel to the plug-in direction of the connector 120. In this way, during actual use, the distribution device 100 is installed in some installation spaces where the minimum dimension direction is parallel or nearly parallel to the plug-in direction of the connector 120, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the space inside the electrical equipment, and further improving space utilization.

[0160] In one embodiment, the value of A2 can be, but is not limited to, 0°, 2°, 4°, 8°, 10°, 12°, 14°, 16°, 18°, 20°, 22°, 24°, 26°, 28°, 30°, 32°, 34°, 36°, 38°, 40°, 42°, 44°, or 45°.

[0161] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 to 10 , the width direction of the first electrical component 111 is parallel to the insertion direction of the connector 120 . The first direction is parallel to the insertion direction of the connector 120 , i.e., the value of A2 is 0°. In actual use within the battery 1100 , if the battery cell 20 is relatively tall, the connector 120 can be mounted on the front or rear side of the mounting seat 131 . After the power distribution device 100 is installed in this installation space, the first electrical component 111 assumes a vertical configuration, and the width direction of the power distribution device 100 is parallel or nearly parallel to the width or length direction of the battery cell 20 . This allows the power distribution device 100 to meet the height requirements of the battery cell 20 while reducing the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the width or length direction of the battery cell 20, thereby facilitating the layout of other components. The height direction of the power distribution device 100 can be referred to as the Z direction in Figures 5 to 10 , and the width direction of the power distribution device 100 can be referred to as the Y direction in Figures 5 to 10 .

[0162] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 12 , the plugging direction of the connector 120 forms a second preset angle with the first direction, and the second preset angle is A2, where 45°<A2≤90°.

[0163] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 45°<A2≤90° makes the inclination angle of the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 relative to the plug-in direction of the connector 120 larger. In this way, in actual use, the distribution device 100 is installed in some spaces where the inclination angle of the minimum dimension direction relative to the plug-in direction of the connector 120 is larger, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the installation space inside the electrical equipment, further improving space utilization.

[0164] In another embodiment of the present application, 80°≤A2≤90°.

[0165] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the design of 80°≤A2≤90° makes the minimum dimension direction of the entire distribution device 100 vertical or nearly vertical relative to the plug-in direction of the connector 120. In this way, the distribution device 100 can be installed in some installation spaces where the minimum dimension direction is nearly vertical or nearly vertical relative to the plug-in direction of the connector 120, thereby making full use of the space inside the battery 1100 and the space inside the electrical equipment and improving space utilization.

[0166] In one embodiment, the value of A2 may be, but is not limited to, 45.1°, 47°, 49°, 51°, 53°, 55°, 57°, 59°, 61°, 63°, 65°, 67°, 69°, 71°, 73°, 75°, 77°, 79°, 80°, 82°, 84°, 86°, 88°, or 90°.

[0167] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 13-15 , the width direction of the first electrical component 111 is perpendicular to the insertion direction of the connector 120 . The first direction is perpendicular to the insertion direction of the connector 120 , i.e., the value of A2 is 90°. In actual use within the battery 1100 , if the battery cell 20 is relatively small, the connector 120 can be mounted to the side of the mounting base 131 in the Z direction. After the power distribution device 100 is installed in this installation space, the first electrical component 111 is horizontal, and the height direction of the power distribution device 100 is parallel or nearly parallel to the height direction of the battery cell 20. This reduces the space occupied by the power distribution device 100 in the height direction of the battery cell 20, facilitating the arrangement of other components. The height direction of the power distribution device 100 can be referred to as the Y direction in Figures 13-15 , and the width direction of the power distribution device 100 can be referred to as the Z direction in Figures 13-15 .

[0168] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in conjunction with Figures 7 to 9, the first electrical component 111 is an electrical component 1101 with the largest external dimensions.

[0169] The electrical device 1101 generally has a length, a width, and a height. The external dimensions of the electrical device 1101 may refer to the value obtained by multiplying the length of the electrical device 1101 by the height and then by the height. The electrical device 1101 with the largest value may refer to the electrical device 1101 with the largest external dimensions. For example, the external dimensions of the first electrical device 111 are L, and L=L1*L3*L4.

[0170] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the outer dimensions of the first electrical device 111 are the largest, and the minimum dimension of the first electrical device 111 is usually larger than the minimum dimension of most other electrical devices 1101 in the power distribution device 100. Therefore, when the electrical devices 1101 are arranged, the other electrical devices 1101 in the power distribution device 100 will not protrude from the side of the first electrical device 111 along the first direction, or the part that protrudes from the side of the first electrical device 111 along the first direction is smaller, thereby making the size of the entire electrical component 110 in the first direction smaller, making the electrical component 110 flat, and also beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the power distribution device 100, and beneficial to improving the performance of electrical equipment and battery 1100.

[0171] In another embodiment of the present application, the first electrical device 111 is a fuse, a resistor, a relay 11101 or a current sensor.

[0172] A fuse may refer to an electrical component 1101 in a circuit that cuts off the current by melting itself when the current abnormally rises to a preset value. The fuse plays a role in protecting the safe operation of the circuit.

[0173] A resistor may refer to an electrical component 1101 in a circuit that has a certain resistance to the flow of current.

[0174] Relay 11101 may refer to an electrical device 1101 used to control the on and off state of a circuit. Specifically, relay 11101 includes components such as an electromagnet, a coil, and contacts. When the input quantity of the input coil (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) reaches a specified value, the electromagnet moves under the magnetic force of the coil, and the movement of the electromagnet drives the movement of the contacts, thereby changing the on and off state of the controlled circuit.

[0175] A current sensor can refer to a detection device that can sense the information of the measured current and can convert the sensed information into an electrical signal or other required form of information output that meets certain standard requirements according to certain rules to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording and control.

[0176] Generally, different models of electrical components 1101 will have different external dimensions, and different power distribution devices 100 need to be composed of electrical components 1101 of different models to meet different performance requirements.

[0177] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, a fuse, resistor, relay or current sensor can be flexibly selected as the first electrical component 111 according to the external dimensions of the fuse, resistor, relay or current sensor in the distribution device 100, thereby flattening different types of distribution devices 100 and improving the structural compactness of different types of distribution devices 100.

[0178] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 6 to 10, when the first electrical device 111 is a relay 11101, the relay 11101 includes a switch unit 1112, the mounting base 131 is constructed with a first accommodating cavity 1311, and the switch unit 1112 is exposed in the first accommodating cavity 1311.

[0179] The relay 11101 in the power distribution device 100 is taken as the first electrical component 111, and the minimum dimension direction of the relay 11101 is taken as the first direction. Usually, the outer dimensions of the relay 11101 are the largest, and the minimum dimension direction of the relay 11101 is usually larger than the minimum dimensions of most other electrical components 1101 in the power distribution device 100. Therefore, when the electrical components 1101 are arranged, the other electrical components 1101 in the power distribution device 100 will not protrude from the side of the relay 11101 along the first direction, or the part that protrudes from the side of the relay 11101 along the first direction is smaller, thereby making the size of the entire electrical component 110 smaller in the first direction, making the electrical component 110 flat, and also being beneficial to improving the structural compactness of the power distribution device 100, and improving the performance of the electrical equipment and the battery 1100.

[0180] The first accommodating cavity 1311 may refer to a cavity of the mounting base 131 for accommodating the switch unit 1112. The switch unit 1112 may refer to the main component of the relay 11101 that performs switch control, that is, the unit composed of the electromagnet, coil, and contacts of the relay 11101 after removing the housing 22.

[0181] The switch unit 1112 is exposed in the first accommodating cavity 1311. It can be understood that the switch unit 1112 is not wrapped by a shell 22, but is directly exposed in the first accommodating cavity 1311, that is, the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311 can be directly used as the shell 22 of the first relay 11101, that is, the first electrical device 111 is the relay 11101 after the shell 22 is removed, that is, the mounting seat 131 and the shell 22 of the relay 11101 are integrated to form an integrated structure, which is conducive to reducing production costs.

[0182] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the switch unit 1112 of the relay 11101 is directly exposed in the first accommodating cavity 1311. In this way, in the power distribution device 100, the space occupied by the housing 22 of the relay 11101 can be saved, thereby improving the structural compactness of the power distribution device 100, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the power distribution device 100 and reducing the manufacturing cost; in addition, the relay 11101 is usually a larger component in the power distribution device 100, and eliminating the housing 22 of the relay 11101 can save a larger space in the power distribution device 100, thereby effectively improving the structural compactness of the power distribution device 100.

[0183] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 15 to 17, a first gap 13112 is formed between at least one outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112 and the cavity wall surface corresponding to the first accommodating cavity 1311, and at least one first gap 13112 is filled with structural adhesive.

[0184] It can be understood that a first gap 13112 is formed between the outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112 and the cavity wall surface of the accommodating cavity, which are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the number of the first gaps 13112 may be one, two or more than three. For example, in combination with Figure 15, the bottom wall surface of the switch unit 1112 is spaced apart from and surrounded by the bottom cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 to form the first gap 13112, the front wall surface of the switch unit 1112 is spaced apart from and surrounded by the front cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 to form the first gap 13112, the rear wall surface of the switch unit 1112 is spaced apart from and surrounded by the rear cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 to form the first gap 13112, the left wall surface of the switch unit 1112 is spaced apart from and surrounded by the left cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 to form the first gap 13112, and the right wall surface of the switch unit 1112 is spaced apart from and surrounded by the right cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 to form the first gap 13112.

[0185] Structural adhesive can refer to an adhesive used to bond the switch unit 1112 to the mounting base 131. The structural adhesive is filled in the first gap 13112, thereby bonding the outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112 to the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311, thereby securing the switch unit 1112 within the first accommodating cavity 1311. The structural adhesive can be, but is not limited to, epoxy structural adhesive or acrylate structural adhesive. The number of structural adhesives filled can be one, two, or three or more.

[0186] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the switch unit 1112 is bonded to the first accommodating cavity 1311 by structural adhesive, and the assembly materials of the relay 11101 and the mounting base 131 are simple, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the distribution device 100.

[0187] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 15 to 17, at least one cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311 is provided with a rib 13113, and the rib 13113 is used to abut against the outer wall of the switch unit 1112.

[0188] The rib 13113 may refer to a protruding structure on the cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 , and the number of cavity walls formed with the rib 13113 may be one, two, three, or more than three.

[0189] The rib 13113 abuts against the outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112. It can be understood that the surface of the rib 13113 facing away from the cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 abuts against the outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112, so that a gap is formed between the outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112 and the cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311, and the gap is the first gap 13112.

[0190] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the switch unit 1112 can be positioned by the abutment of the ribs 13113 ; in addition, the spacing of the first gap 13112 can be limited, making it easier to fill the structural adhesive later.

[0191] In another embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figures 15 to 17, the relay 11101 also includes a connecting terminal 1111 for electrically connecting to other electrical devices 1101, the switch unit 1112 is connected to the connecting terminal 1111, the first accommodating cavity 1311 has a first opening 13111, and the connecting terminal 1111 protrudes out of the first opening 13111.

[0192] The connection terminal 1111 may refer to a terminal used by the relay 11101 to electrically connect to other electrical devices 1101. The connection terminal 1111 is provided outside the switch unit 1112, and the switch unit 1112 is electrically connected to other electrical devices 1101 through the connection terminal 1111. For example, the connection terminal 1111 may refer to a terminal extending from the contact of the relay 11101.

[0193] The first opening 13111 may refer to an opening on the mounting base 131 that communicates with the first accommodating cavity 1311 , and the connecting terminal 1111 extends from the first opening 13111 .

[0194] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the connection terminal 1111 protrudes out of the first opening 13111 , that is, the portion of the connection terminal 1111 protruding out of the first opening 13111 is exposed outside the first accommodating cavity 1311 , which can be conveniently electrically connected to other electrical devices 1101 .

[0195] In another embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figure 14 or Figure 15, the distribution device 100 also includes an insulating cover 141, which covers the first opening 13111. The insulating cover 141 is provided with a through hole 1413, and the connecting terminal 1111 is passed through the through hole 1413 so that the connecting terminal 1111 is exposed from the mounting seat 131.

[0196] Insulating cover 141 may be an insulating component that covers first opening 13111. Insulating cover 141 is inserted into first accommodating cavity 1311 through first opening 13111 and seals first opening 13111, isolating switch unit 1112 from the external environment and providing insulation protection for relay 11101, thereby improving the reliability of power distribution device 100. Insulating cover 141 is made of an insulating material, such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), or PVC (polyvinylchlorid), to provide insulation protection for relay 11101.

[0197] The penetration hole 1413 may refer to a through hole in the insulating cover 141 for the connection terminal 1111 to penetrate. The penetration hole 1413 allows the connection terminal 1111 to penetrate and be exposed to the outside, so as to facilitate electrical connection with other electrical components 1101 .

[0198] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the insulating cover 141 isolates the switch unit 1112 from the external environment, thereby achieving insulation protection for the relay 11101 and improving the reliability of the power distribution device 100.

[0199] In another embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figure 14 or Figure 15, the relay 11101 has a plurality of connecting terminals 1111, and the side of the insulating cover 141 facing away from the switch unit 1112 is provided with an insulating isolation portion 1411, and the insulating isolation portion 1411 is located between two adjacent connecting terminals 1111.

[0200] The number of connection terminals 1111 can be two, three, or more than four. For example, there are two connection terminals 1111, one of which is electrically connected to the connector 120 via the second electrical connector 152, and the other is electrically connected to the other electrical device 1101 via the third electrical connector 153. The second electrical connector 152 and the third electrical connector 153 are made of a conductive material, which can be, but is not limited to, a conductive metal material such as copper or aluminum. For example, the second electrical connector 152 and the third electrical connector 153 can be copper bars.

[0201] The insulating isolation portion 1411 may refer to a raised structure on the surface of the insulating cover 141 facing away from the switch unit 1112, and the insulating isolation portion 1411 is located between two adjacent connecting terminals 1111 to insulate and separate the two adjacent connecting terminals 1111, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit and improving the reliability of the use of the power distribution device 100; for example, the insulating isolation portion 1411 is also located between the adjacent second electrical connector 152 and the third electrical connector 153 to insulate and separate the second electrical connector 152 and the third electrical connector 153 to reduce the risk of short circuit.

[0202] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the insulating isolation portion 1411 can insulate and separate two adjacent connection terminals 1111 , thereby reducing the risk of short circuit and improving the reliability of the power distribution device 100 .

[0203] In another embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figure 14 or Figure 15, one of the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311 and the insulating cover 141 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 1316, and the other is provided with a first clip 1412, and the first clip 1412 is snap-fitted with the snap-fit ​​groove 1316.

[0204] It can be understood that the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 1316, the insulating cover 141 is provided with a first buckle 1412, and the first buckle 1412 is snap-fitted with the snap-fit ​​groove 1316, or the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311 is provided with a first buckle 1412, the insulating cover 141 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 1316, and the first buckle 1412 is snap-fitted with the snap-fit ​​groove 1316; when the insulating cover 141 covers the first opening 131 11, the first clip 1412 is snapped into the snapping groove 1316, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the insulating cover 141 and the mounting base 131. In addition, after the insulating cover 141 is covered at the first opening 13111, the insulating cover 141 will also cover the switch unit 1112. Through the abutment between the inner wall of the insulating cover 141 and the outer wall of the switch unit 1112, the switch unit 1112 can also be positioned in the first accommodating cavity 1311.

[0205] For example, the snap-fit ​​groove 1316 may refer to a groove structure provided on the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311, and the first clip 1412 may refer to a protruding structure formed on the outer wall surface of the insulating cover 141, wherein the snap-fit ​​groove 1316 and the first clip 1412 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and multiple first clips 1412 may be provided, and multiple first clips 1412 are distributed on opposite sides of the insulating cover 141 to improve the fixation reliability of the insulating cover 141 on the mounting base 131.

[0206] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first clip 1412 and the snap-fitting groove 1316 snap together to fix the insulating cover 141. The fixing structure is simple and the assembly operation is simple, which is conducive to improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.

[0207] In another embodiment of the present application, in combination with Figure 17, the distribution device 100 also includes a first electrical connector 151, the first electrical connector 151 has a connecting end 1511, the electrical device 1101 has a plug-in terminal 142 for electrically connecting to other electrical devices 1101, and the connecting end 1511 is used to electrically connect to the plug-in terminal 142 of at least one electrical device 1101.

[0208] The first electrical connector 151 may refer to a component used to electrically connect the electrical device 1101 with other electrical devices 1101 . The first electrical connector 151 is made of a conductive material, such as copper, aluminum, etc. For example, the first electrical connector 151 is a copper bar.

[0209] The plug terminal 142 may refer to a terminal extending from the electrical device 1101 for electrical connection. The plug terminal 142 is plugged into the connection terminal 1511 to achieve electrical connection between the electrical devices 1101. For example, the plug terminal 142 may refer to a terminal extending from the coil of the relay 11101 or a high-voltage terminal of the relay 11101.

[0210] The connection end 1511 may refer to the end of the first electrical connector 151 electrically connected to the plug terminal 142. There may be multiple first electrical connectors 151, and the plug terminal 142 of each electrical device 1101 may be electrically connected to the first electrical connector 151.

[0211] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first electrical connector 151 can realize the connection between the electrical device 1101 and other electrical devices 1101, and the plug-in terminal 142 and the connection end 1511 are electrically connected by electrical plug-in. The connection method is simple and convenient for the assembly of the distribution device 100.

[0212] In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 15 to 17, the power distribution device 100 also includes a first shell cover 132, the first electrical connector 151 is installed on the first shell cover 132, the first shell cover 132 is installed on the mounting seat 131, and the plug-in interface of the plug-in terminal 142 is arranged toward the first shell cover 132.

[0213] The first shell cover 132 and the mounting base 131 are connected to form at least part of the outer shell 130 of the power distribution device 100. The first shell cover 132 and the mounting base 131 can be connected by covering, bolting, bonding, etc.; for example, the first shell cover 132 and the mounting base 131 can jointly define an installation space, which provides an installation space for the electrical device 1101 of the power distribution device 100. The first shell cover 132 and the mounting base 131 can separate the electrical device 1101 from the external environment, thereby protecting the electrical device 1101; wherein, the mounting base 131 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first shell cover 132 can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first shell cover 132 covers the open side of the mounting base 131, so that the first shell cover 132 and the mounting base 131 jointly define the installation space; the first shell cover 132 and the mounting base 131 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first shell cover 132 covers the open side of the mounting base 131. Of course, the housing 130 formed by the first housing cover 132 and the mounting base 131 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. The first housing cover 132 and the mounting base 131 are made of an insulating material, such as PP (polypropylene), PE (polyethylene), PVC (polyvinylchlorid), or other insulating plastics, to provide insulation protection for the relay 11101.

[0214] The first electrical connector 151 is installed on the first shell cover 132. It can be understood that the first electrical connector 151 is connected to the first shell cover 132. Specifically, the first electrical connector 151 can be fixed to the first shell cover 132 by means of threads, clamping, etc.

[0215] The plug-in interface of the plug-in terminal 142 is arranged toward the first shell cover 132; specifically, the plug-in terminal 142 is provided with a plug-in hole for the connection end 1511 to be plugged in, and the plug-in hole is an opening for the connection end 1511 to be inserted into the plug-in hole. The plug-in interface of the plug-in terminal 142 is arranged opposite to the first shell cover 132, and the connection end 1511 is arranged toward the mounting seat 131. In this way, during assembly, after the electrical device 1101 is installed on the mounting seat 131, the first shell cover 132 is buckled onto the mounting seat 131. Since the plug-in interface of the plug-in terminal 142 is facing the first shell cover 132, during the process of buckling the first shell cover 132 with the mounting seat 131, the connection end 1511 is 1511 can be automatically electrically connected to the plug-in terminal 142, so that the assembly of the mounting base 131 and the first shell cover 132 and the electrical connection between the electrical component 1101 and the first electrical connector 151 can be completed at the same time, which is beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency of the distribution device 100; or, when the electrical component 1101 is installed in the first shell cover 132, the connection end 1511 of the first electrical connector 151 installed on the first shell cover 132 can be inserted into the plug-in terminal 142, so that the assembly of the first electrical component 111 and the first shell cover 132 and the electrical connection of the plug-in terminal 142 can be completed at the same time, which is beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency of the distribution device 100.

[0216] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, since the plug-in terminal 142 is facing the first shell cover 132, the distribution device 100 can simultaneously complete the assembly of components and the electrical connection between the electrical device 1101 and the first electrical connector 151 during the assembly process, which is beneficial to improving the assembly efficiency of the distribution device 100.

[0217] In another embodiment of the present application, the first electrical connection member 151 is embedded in the first housing cover 132 .

[0218] The first electrical connector 151 is embedded in the first shell cover 132. It is understandable that the first electrical connector 151 is located inside the first shell cover 132. In other words, the first shell cover 132 is covered by the first electrical connector 151. It should be noted that the connection end 1511 is exposed on the first shell cover 132 to facilitate electrical connection with the electrical device 1101.

[0219] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first shell cover 132 can provide insulation and protection for the first electrical connector 151, thereby improving the reliability of the use of the distribution device 100; in addition, the first electrical connector 151 is located inside the first shell cover 132, which is conducive to saving space, improving the overall structural compactness, and also conducive to reducing the external dimensions of the distribution device 100.

[0220] In one embodiment of the present application, the first electrical connector 151 and the first housing cover 132 are an integral injection-molded structure.

[0221] By adopting the technical solution of this embodiment, the first electrical connector 151 and the first shell cover 132 are manufactured using an integrated injection molding process. This manufacturing method is simple, and the connection strength between the first electrical connector 151 and the first shell cover 132 is good, which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the distribution device 100.

[0222] In one embodiment, a second gap is formed between two adjacent electrical components 1101, and the plug-in terminal 142 is located outside the second gap. In this way, the plug-in space required for the plug-in terminal 142 and the corresponding connection end 1511 is staggered with the second gap, which can reduce the distance between the two adjacent electrical components 1101, which is beneficial to improving the compactness of the structure and reducing the overall dimensions of the entire distribution device 100.

[0223] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 14, an insulating member 154 is provided between the two second electrical connectors 152, thereby isolating the two second electrical connectors 152, reducing the risk of short circuit, and improving the reliability of the distribution device 100; the insulating member 154 and the mounting seat 131 can be obtained by integral molding, which is convenient and simple to manufacture.

[0224] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 14, 15, and 18, the mounting base 131 is formed with multiple accommodating cavities. The mounting base 131 is also provided with multiple openings, each of which is in communication with a corresponding accommodating cavity. Each electrical component 1101 can enter the corresponding accommodating cavity through a corresponding opening, facilitating assembly of the power distribution device 100. The housing 130 also includes a second cover 133. The first cover 132 can seal a portion of the openings, while the second cover 133 snaps onto the mounting base 131 and seals another portion of the openings, thereby insulating the electrical components 1101 within the accommodating cavities from the external environment. The first cover 132 and the second cover 133 are located on opposite sides of the mounting base 131. This design facilitates assembly of the power distribution device 100. At least some of the electrical components 1101 may be shelled electrical components 1101, and the walls of the accommodating cavities corresponding to these electrical components 1101 form the housing 22 of these electrical components 1101. The shelled electrical components 1101 are smaller in size, which is more conducive to improving the compactness of the structure and reducing the overall size of the power distribution device 100. Partitions are provided in the installation space to divide the installation space into multiple accommodating cavities.

[0225] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG14 , the housing 130 is further provided with a heat conducting member 160, which can conduct the heat generated inside the electrical device 1101 to the outside of the power distribution device 100, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the power distribution device 100; when the power distribution device 100 is installed on the mounting surface, the heat conducting member 160 is attached to the mounting surface, thereby conducting the heat generated inside the power distribution device 100 to the outside, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the power distribution device 100; wherein, the housing 130 is provided with a receiving hole 1331 that passes through the housing 130, and at least part of the electrical components in the power distribution device 100 are received by the heat conducting member 160. The device 1101 is in direct contact with the heat conductor 160 through the accommodating hole 1331 to improve the heat dissipation efficiency; at least one of the first shell cover 132, the second shell cover 133 and the mounting seat 131 is embedded with the heat conductor 160, which can be specifically set according to the installation method of the power distribution device 100; for example, the second shell cover 133 is provided with a accommodating hole 1331, and the heat conductor 160 is embedded in the second shell cover 133 and is located on the side of the second shell cover 133 facing away from the mounting seat 131; wherein, the heat conductor 160 can be made of a material with good thermal conductivity such as ceramics, thermal conductive silicone, etc.

[0226] In order to clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the structures of some BDUs are used as examples for illustration.

[0227] Example 1

[0228] In this embodiment, in combination with Figures 5 to 10, the power distribution device 100 is a BDU, and the number of electrical components 1101 is five. The five electrical components 1101 are respectively a main positive relay 11102, a main negative relay 11103, a pre-charge resistor 114, a fuse 112 and a pre-charge relay 113. Among them, the number of first electrical components 111 is two, one of which is a main positive relay 11102, and the other is a main negative relay 11103. The first direction is parallel to the width direction of the main positive relay 11102 (see the Y direction in the figure), and the second direction is parallel to the height direction of the main positive relay 11102 (see the Z direction in the figure). The positive relay 11102 and the main negative relay 11103 are arranged along the third direction, which is the length direction of the main positive relay 11102 (see the X direction in the middle figure); the pre-charge relay 113 and the main negative relay 11103 are located on the left side of the main positive relay 11102, the pre-charge resistor 114 and the fuse 112 are located on the right side of the main positive relay 11102, and the main negative relay 11103 is located between the main positive relay 11102 and the pre-charge relay 113, and the pre-charge resistor 114 and the fuse 112 are arranged up and down. In this way, the size of the BDU in the first direction and the second direction is smaller, and the overall external size of the BDU is also smaller.

[0229] In this embodiment, the mounting base 131 is formed with two first accommodating cavities 1311, a second accommodating cavity 1312, a third accommodating cavity 1313 and a fourth accommodating cavity 1314. The main positive relay 11102 and the main negative relay 11103 are respectively arranged in the two first accommodating cavities 1311, and the pre-charging resistor 114, the pre-charging relay 113 and the fuse 112 are respectively arranged in the second accommodating cavity 1312, The third accommodating cavity 1313 and the fourth accommodating cavity 1314, the opening of the second accommodating cavity 1312, the opening of the third accommodating cavity 1313 and the first openings 13111 of the two first accommodating cavities 1311 are arranged downward, and the opening of the fourth accommodating cavity 1314 is arranged upward. The first shell cover 132 is buckled on the lower side of the mounting base 131 and seals the opening of the second accommodating cavity 1312, the opening of the third accommodating cavity 1313 and the two first openings 13111. The first electrical connector 151 is buried in the first shell cover 132, and the connection end 1511 of the first electrical connector 151 is exposed to facilitate electrical plug-in.

[0230] In this embodiment, the second shell cover 133 is buckled on the upper side of the mounting base 131 and seals the opening of the fourth accommodating cavity 1314; in addition, the two connecting terminals 1111 led out from the contacts of the main positive relay 11102, one of which is connected to the connector 120 via the second electrical component 1101, and the other connecting terminal 1111 is connected to the fuse 112 via the third electrical component 1101; the two connecting terminals 1111 led out from the contacts of the main negative relay 11103, one of which is connected to the connector 120 via the third electrical component 1101. The BDU is connected to the external electrical component 1101 through the second electrical component 1101. Another connection terminal 1111 is electrically connected to one end of the third electrical connector 153. The other end of the third electrical connector 153 is exposed outside the second housing 133 and is used for electrical connection to external components. This bridge function of the third electrical connector 153 facilitates the electrical connection between the BDU and the external electrical component 1101 to a predetermined position, thereby facilitating electrical connection. Furthermore, the second housing 133 shields the second electrical connector 152 and the other third electrical connectors 153, thereby enhancing the insulation protection of the BDU. The main positive relay 11102 and the main negative relay 11103 are relay 11101 without the housing 22.

[0231] In this embodiment, the bottom surface of mounting base 131 is external surface 1315. The first direction is parallel to the width of main positive relay 11102 (see the Y direction in the figure), the width of mounting base 131 (see the Y direction in the figure), and the width of the entire BDU (see the Y direction in the figure). External surface 1315 is parallel to the first direction, meaning that the value of A1 is 0°. The second direction is parallel to the height of main positive relay 11102 (see the Z direction in the figure), the height of mounting base 131 (see the Z direction in the figure), and the height of the entire BDU (see the Z direction in the figure). Connector 120 is mounted on the rear side of mounting base 131. The insertion direction of connector 120 (see the Y direction in the figure) is parallel to the first direction, meaning that the value of A2 is 0°.

[0232] Example 2

[0233] The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: as shown in Figures 13 to 18, the pre-charging resistor 114, the fuse 112 and the pre-charging relay 113 are located on the left side of the main positive relay 11102, the pre-charging relay 113 is located between the pre-charging resistor 114 and the main positive relay 11102, the fuse 112 is located above the pre-charging relay 113 and the pre-charging resistor 114, and the main negative relay 11103 is located on the right side of the main positive relay 11102. In this way, the size of the BDU in the first direction is the smallest, and the overall external dimensions of the BDU are also smaller.

[0234] In this embodiment, the mounting base 131 is formed with two first accommodating chambers 1311, a second accommodating chamber 1312 and a third accommodating chamber 1313. The main positive relay 11102 and the main negative relay 11103 are respectively arranged in the two first accommodating chambers 1311, the fuse 112 is arranged in the second accommodating chamber 1312, the pre-charging resistor 114 and the pre-charging relay 113 are located in the third accommodating chamber 1313, the first openings 13111 of the two first accommodating chambers 1311 are arranged upward, the opening of the second accommodating chamber 1312 is arranged rearward, and the opening of the third accommodating chamber 1313 is arranged forward. The first shell cover 132 is buckled on the front side of the mounting base 131 and seals the opening of the third accommodating chamber 1313; the first shell cover 132 is provided with a surrounding edge 1 The enclosure 1321 is inserted into the third accommodating cavity 1313 and encloses a fifth accommodating cavity 1322. An insulating isolation plate 1325 is provided within the fifth accommodating cavity 1322, dividing the fifth accommodating cavity 1322 into a sixth accommodating cavity 1323 and a seventh accommodating cavity 1324. The pre-charging resistor 114 and the pre-charging relay 113 are respectively disposed in the sixth accommodating cavity 1323 and the seventh accommodating cavity 1324. The insulating isolation plate 1325, the enclosure 1321, and the first housing cover 132 form an integrated structure. The enclosure 1321 is provided with a second latch 13211, which secures the pre-charging resistor 114 and the pre-charging relay 113 in the sixth accommodating cavity 1323 and the seventh accommodating cavity 1324 for easy assembly. The second housing cover 133 snaps into place on the rear side of the mounting base 131, sealing the first openings 13111 and the second accommodating cavity 1312 to achieve insulation.

[0235] In this embodiment, a heat conductor 160 is embedded in the rear side of the second shell cover 133, and the second shell cover 133 is provided with a plurality of accommodating holes 1331. Part of the second electrical connector 152 and the third electrical connector 153 can be located in the accommodating holes 1331 and fit with the heat conductor 160 to improve the heat dissipation performance. It should be noted that the connection terminal 1111 of the main positive relay 11102 and the connection terminal 1111 of the main negative relay 11103 are usually connected to the high-voltage circuit, and the second electrical connector 152 generates a large amount of heat. Directly contacting the second electrical connector 152 with the heat conductor 160 can effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the BDU.

[0236] In this embodiment, the main positive relay 11102 and the main negative relay 11103 are the relay 11101 without the shell. The relay 11101 without the shell includes a switch unit 1112 and two connecting terminals 1111. The two connecting terminals 1111 are connected to one end of the switch unit 1112. The switch unit 1112 is covered with an insulating cover 141. The insulating cover 141 blocks the first opening 13111. The insulating cover 141 has two through-holes 1413. The two connecting terminals 1111 are passed through the two through-holes 1413. The insulating cover 141 is provided with an insulating isolation part 1411. The insulating isolation part 1411 is located between the two connecting terminals 1111, and the insulating isolation part 1411 is located between the two adjacent second electrical connectors 152 and the third electrical connector 153 to isolate the two connecting terminals 1111 and the second electrical connector 152 and the third electrical connector 153, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit.

[0237] In this embodiment, a first gap 13112 is formed between at least one outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112 and the cavity wall surface corresponding to the first accommodating cavity 1311, and at least one first gap 13112 is filled with structural adhesive; at least one cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity 1311 is provided with a rib 13113, and the rib 13113 is used to abut against the outer wall surface of the switch unit 1112 to achieve the fixation of the switch unit 1112 in the first accommodating cavity 1311.

[0238] In this embodiment, an insulating member 154 is provided between the two second electrical connectors 152, thereby isolating the two second electrical connectors 152, reducing the risk of short circuit, and improving the reliability of the distribution device 100; the insulating member 154 and the mounting seat 131 can be obtained by integral molding, which is convenient and simple to manufacture.

[0239] In this embodiment, the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity 1311 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 1316, and the outer wall surface of the insulating cover 141 is provided with a first clip 1412, wherein the snap-fit ​​groove 1316 and the first clip 1412 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and four first clips 1412 can be provided, and the four first clips 1412 are evenly distributed on the opposite sides of the insulating cover 141 to improve the fixing reliability of the insulating cover 141 on the mounting base 131.

[0240] In this embodiment, the rear side of the mounting base 131 is an external surface 1315. Its first direction is parallel to the width of the first electrical component 111 (see the Y direction in the figure), the width of the mounting base 131 (see the Y direction in the figure), and the width of the entire BDU (see the Y direction in the figure). External surface 1315 is perpendicular to the first direction, meaning that angle A1 is 90°. Its second direction is parallel to the height of the first electrical component 111 (see the Z direction in the figure), the height of the mounting base 131 (see the Z direction in the figure), and the height of the entire BDU (see the Z direction in the figure). Connector 120 is mounted on the underside of mounting base 131. The insertion direction of connector 120 is perpendicular to the first direction, meaning that angle A2 is 90°.

[0241] In one embodiment of the present application, a battery 1100 is provided, comprising the power distribution device 100 according to the above embodiment.

[0242] In one embodiment of the present application, an electrical device is provided, including the power distribution device 100 as described in the above embodiment; and / or, including the battery 1100 as described in the above embodiment.

[0243] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A power distribution device, wherein: include: Electrical components; The electrical component includes at least two electrical devices, among which the electrical device with the largest size in the first direction is the first electrical device, the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is not larger than the size of the first electrical device in other directions, and the ratio of the size of the electrical component in the first direction to the size of the first electrical device in the first direction is M, wherein 1≤M≤1.

2.

2. The power distribution device according to claim 1, wherein: 1≤M≤1.1。 3. The power distribution device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power distribution device also includes a mounting seat, and the first electrical component is mounted on the mounting seat; the overall size of the first electrical component plus the mounting seat in the first direction is not larger than the size of the power distribution device in other directions.

4. The power distribution device according to claim 3, wherein: The mounting seat has an external surface, and the external surface forms a first preset angle with the first direction, and the first preset angle is A1, wherein 0°≤A1≤45°, or 45°<A1≤90°.

5. The power distribution device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The power distribution device further comprises a connector for electrically connecting the electrical device and an external component, and the connector is mounted on the mounting seat.

6. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: The first electrical component is a fuse, a resistor, a relay or a current sensor.

7. The power distribution device according to claim 6, wherein: In the case that the first electrical component is a relay, the relay includes a switch unit, the mounting seat is configured with a first accommodating cavity, and the switch unit is exposed in the first accommodating cavity.

8. The power distribution device according to claim 7, wherein: A first gap is formed between at least one outer wall surface of the switch unit and a cavity wall surface corresponding to the first accommodating cavity, and at least one of the first gaps is filled with structural adhesive.

9. The power distribution device according to claim 8, wherein: At least one cavity wall surface of the first accommodating cavity is provided with ribs, and the ribs are used to abut against the outer wall surface of the switch unit.

10. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein: The relay further includes a connection terminal for electrically connecting to other electrical devices, the switch unit is connected to the connection terminal, the first accommodating cavity has a first opening, and the connection terminal protrudes out of the first opening.

11. The power distribution device according to claim 10, wherein: The power distribution device further comprises an insulating cover member, which covers the first opening and is provided with a penetration hole, and the connecting terminal is penetrated through the penetration hole so that the connecting terminal is exposed outside the mounting seat.

12. The power distribution device according to claim 11, wherein: The relay has a plurality of the connecting terminals. The side of the insulating cover assembly facing away from the switch unit is provided with an insulating isolation portion, and the insulating isolation portion is located between two adjacent connecting terminals.

13. The power distribution device according to claim 11 or 12, wherein: One of the cavity wall of the first accommodating cavity and the insulating cover is provided with a buckling groove, and the other is provided with a first buckle first opening for buckling with the buckling groove.

14. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 3 to 13, wherein: The power distribution device further comprises a first electrical connector having a connection end. The electrical device is provided with a plug-in terminal for electrically connecting to other electrical devices, and the connection end is used for electrically plugging with the plug-in terminal of at least one of the electrical devices.

15. The power distribution device according to claim 14, wherein: The power distribution device further comprises a first shell cover, the first electrical connector is mounted on the first shell cover, the first shell cover is mounted on the mounting seat, and the plug-in port of the plug-in terminal is arranged toward the first shell cover.

16. The power distribution device according to claim 15, wherein: The first electrical connector is embedded in the first shell cover.

17. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The ratio of the size of the electrical component in the second direction to the size of the first electrical component in the second direction is N; wherein 1≤N≤1.2, and the second direction intersects with the first direction.

18. The power distribution device according to claim 17, wherein: 1≤N≤1.1。 19. The power distribution device according to claim 17 or 18, wherein: A size of the first electrical component in the second direction is not smaller than sizes of the first electrical component in other directions.

20. The power distribution device according to claim 19, wherein: There are multiple first electrical components, and the multiple first electrical components are arranged along a third direction, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

21. The power distribution device according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein: The first electrical component is the electrical component with the largest external dimensions.

22. A battery, wherein: It includes the power distribution device as described in claims 1 to 21.

23. An electrical device, wherein: Comprising the power distribution device according to claims 1 to 21; and / or, comprising the battery according to claim 22.

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