Modular construction system involving fitting and locking parts together

Abstract

The present invention describes a modular construction system which uses a set of parts joined together by means of fittings and fixed to plates provided with bands in order to form a building wall structure to be used with or without infill, providing a lower cost building system for modular construction, with stable walls which are easy and quick to assemble, dispensing with the use of any additional fixing elements.

Description

MODULAR CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM BY FITTING AND LOCKING PARTS Field of the invention

[0001] This innovation belongs to the field of civil construction, more specifically dry construction with modular structures, where a modular construction system that uses a set of parts that are joined together by means of fittings, fixing themselves in order to form the structure of walls or facades. Fundamentals of innovation

[0002] The search for efficiency in construction processes is an ongoing activity in civil construction, which, in some countries, is still based on the artisanal method, that is, stacking bricks to build walls.

[0003] On this track, modular construction is developed, joining sections or modules that were manufactured in a certain location and are then transported and assembled in the desired location, using resistant and lightweight materials, allowing the simultaneous erection of walls, floors, ceilings and coverings.

[0004] The advantages include shorter construction time, fewer problems with defects, the possibility of expanding the building, joining sections or modules after completion, less impact on the neighborhood, and the possibility of taking it to other locations, as it can be placed on any surface, as long as it is sufficiently compacted.

[0005] However, such systems still present some difficulties, particularly the construction stages, which involve the association of materials or components of the construction system in a specific way, the implementation of which requires not only dexterity, but also appropriate machinery and installations, demanding very restrictive conditions for its achievement, associated with another critical factor for the installation of these parts, which is the incorrect use of fastening elements, such as screws or rivets, since they can generate instability.

[0006] Thus, aiming to present a more practical and intuitive way of building, the innovation proposed here arises, where a construction system is composed of parts that are easily associated with each other, through fittings and couplings, providing a basic modular structure that can then be used with or without filling with structuring materials, such as mortar, concrete, stones, with insulating materials, such as Styrofoam, foam, plaster, rock wool or any other materials appropriate for the purpose of the building. Discussion of the state of the art

[0007] W02003102325 discloses a wooden structural element for the production of flat buildings, comprising rectangular support plates that are aligned parallel to each other and whose areas are equal, and elongated rod-type supports that have the shape of profiled cylinders, are arranged in a hollow space that is located between said plates, and are connected in a direct and fixed manner to the internal surfaces of the support plates along their peripheral sides.

[0008] Document W02007068267 discloses a wooden construction element for the production of flat constructions, in particular for the construction of the vertical walls of a building with structural wooden plates held by perpendicular supports spaced apart from each other, wherein the support comprises groove-shaped fittings.

[0009] W02009033201 relates to components and assemblies that are adapted to be used in forming building walls, comprising a connector for joining the building component to the second building component, further including a plurality of coupling elements disposed integrally with the side walls and at spaced intervals along their length.

[0010] In W02010047570 a wall element is shown, especially for wooden houses, consisting of a plurality of parallel, one above the other, a wall forming wooden beams and at least one as a static load-bearing trained support, which is on a longitudinal side by a joint joint with sections.

[0011] The teachings of W02009070830 show a method of constructing a wall including providing first and second wall portions spaced apart to receive an infill material wherein each wall portion includes at least one rail on a support and which includes a concave top surface that allows reinforcing bars to be positioned therein.

[0012] US patent 8252137 explains a structural panel that has a core and outer skins formed by a stack of layers of construction material, such as plywood, where each strip is expanded to form the core and the panel can be cut to the desired size, where other supports can be connected to the panel by means of connections arranged on the edges; where these connections are elongated elements and extruded metal (such as aluminum) in the form of a trough with crimps for anchoring the connection.

[0013] The innovation proposed in WO2018094468 discloses a panel for use in construction comprising opposing surfaces extending between first and second opposing ends and a plurality of parallel (e.g., sawtooth) protrusions, wherein ribs are provided on at least one of the opposing surfaces and extend along and adjacent a first of the opposing ends of the panel for at least a portion of the length thereof, further having webs that are configured to be connected as an engagement between the surfaces, and the engagement formations take the form of one or more slotted jaws, wherein each engagement is located adjacent to a respective arrangement of serrated edges and the web comprises tab formations to be connected in the slotted engagement.

[0014] AU2020230343 shows a modular wall structure adapted to be erected on-site and filled with concrete, including a first wall cladding panel and a second wall cladding panel and a plurality of web pin elements coupled to each of the first wall cladding panel and the second wall cladding panel.

[0015] The solution described in CN111851898 describes a wall body calcium silicate veneer dry assembly system, in which a calcium silicate board is arranged on a wall panel dry assembly component fixed to a wall, where a mounting piece is used as a means of fixing the walls and pin elements are installed vertically between the first and second walls, being secured in a cavity.

[0016] W02004033809 discloses a polymeric panel system and method for its production and use, enabling rapid construction of a building foundation wall or other structure, and in particular a below-grade foundation, where the walls include two parallel faces separated by a series of ribs that are attached to the inside of the faces by bonding agent or adhesive.

[0017] Brazilian patent BR102019015543-4 refers to a modular construction system where each element is associated to fit and lock together to form structural elements, generating an alternative to "steel-frame" and "woodframe" systems, where a panel formed by the association between flat closing plates, elongated structuring elements and a fitting base interact with each other in fitting and locking, forming a single resistant and fillable set, whose conformation and association is variable according to the intended use.

[0018] As can be seen, none of the references mentioned present the differential of connecting a plurality of plates aligned in parallel to be fixed and locked together by means of structuring profiles, enabling the formation of modular construction panels (walls), where the fitting of the plates together with the structural profiles is carried out by a locking system that makes the interaction of the locking profile coupled in the recess of the plate with the structuring profiles, dispensing with the use of additional fixing elements.

[0019] Therefore, one of the objectives of the invention is to provide a building system for modular construction, at a lower cost, with stable walls, easy and quick to assemble and without screws. Description of the drawings

[0020] Figure 1 shows an exploded side view (IA) and a side view of the wall (1B) formed by the structure that is the object of this innovation, where the vertical plates (1) with the fitting edges (2), the horizontal structuring profile (8), the horizontal frieze (6), the base of use (14) and the filling space (E) can be seen.

[0021] Figure 2 shows an exploded top view (2A) and a top view of the wall (2B) formed by the structure that is the subject of this innovation, where the vertical plates (1), the vertical frieze (4), the vertical structuring profile (7), the attachable profile (5) and the filling space (E) can be seen.

[0022] Figure 3 shows a top view of a section of the wall formed by the structure that is the subject of this innovation, where the vertical plates (1) and the alternative configurations of the vertical structuring profile (7a) and the attachable profile (5a) with the lateral projections (10) can be seen.

[0023] Figure 4 shows a top view of a section of the wall formed by the structure that is the object of this innovation, where the plates can be seen verticals (1) and the alternative configurations of the vertical structuring profile (7b) and the attachable profile (5b) with the internal lock (12).

[0024] Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the plate (1) of the present innovation, where its internal face (lb) presents vertical (4) and horizontal (6) grooves.

[0025] Figure 6 shows the exploded view of the set of elements of this innovation to form the wall, where the plates (1) equipped with horizontal friezes (6) and the attachable profile (5) can be seen, in addition to the structure formed by the vertical (7) and horizontal (8) structuring profiles.

[0026] Figure 7 shows the perspective view of the wall assembly using the structure of this innovation, showing the lateral approach between the structures for crimping the edges (2).

[0027] Figure 8 shows the exploded view of the association of the plate (1) with the vertical structuring profile (7), in which the vertical frieze (4) can be seen in top view, which is formed by the recess (3) and the notch (3a), the attachable profile (5), equipped with lateral projections (10) and locks (11), and the vertical structuring profile (7), equipped with projections (9).

[0028] Figure 9 shows an optional type of connection between the vertical profiles (7a) in a "T", where a coupling profile (5a) promotes the connection between two profiles (7a) through the interaction of the internal lock (12) with the cavity (15) and is inserted into the frieze (17).

[0029] Figure 10 shows the side view of the horizontal structuring profile (8) equipped with serrated couplings (13).

[0030] Figure 11 shows a detail of the horizontal structuring profile (8) and its serrated couplings (13) in an approach position with the serrated horizontal frieze (6) of the plate (1).

[0031] Figure 12 shows a first view of the plates (1) in a separated position (12A) and a second view of them already connected (12B), where their internal (lb) and external (la) faces can be seen, the edges of which have a set of coinciding protrusions and recesses.

[0032] Figure 13 represents a schematic view of the assembly of a building using the structure of this innovation, where the different structures are superimposed, fitting together at the edges (2). Detailed description of the invention

[0033] The proposed construction system makes it possible for a plurality of plates (1), preferably rectangular, to be aligned in parallel, both vertically and horizontally, to be fixed and locked together by means of structuring profiles (7 and 8), enabling the formation of walls or facades for modular constructions with greater ease and agility on the construction site itself, as illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 13.

[0034] This interlocking and fitting interaction of the plates (1) together with the profiles (7 and 8) forms spaces (E) that can be filled with concrete or any desired material to achieve walls that support a greater load.

[0035] Thus, the aim of the innovation proposed here is to be an alternative to the construction systems known as "steelframe" and "woodframe", which use, respectively, metal or wood structures to form a "skeleton" into which panels are fitted to form the walls.

[0036] Thus, the present system uses plates (1), preferably made of wood, but which can be made of fiber components or any other material suitable for the purpose, which have an external face (la), an internal face (lb) and fitting edges (2) that allow interlocking between the fitted parts. Next to the internal face (lb) are recesses (3) and notches (3a) are arranged to form a vertical strip (4) to enable the coupling of the attachable profile (5), as shown in Figures 5, 6 and 8, as well as a horizontal strip (6) for fitting the horizontal structuring profile (8), as illustrated in Figures 1, 5, 6 and 11.

[0037] Such attachable profile (5) is constructed in such a way as to present lateral projections (10) for fitting and locking in the vertical strip (4) by means of crimping with the notch (3a). At the ends of the profile (5) there are external lateral protuberances that constitute locks (11) for engagement with the corresponding projections (9) on the sides of the vertical structuring profile (7), as illustrated in Figures 3 and 8.

[0038] Another embodiment of the attachable profile (5a) has an additional central toothed internal lock (12), capable of being fitted into the cavity (15) of the corresponding vertical structure (7a), as seen in Figure 4.

[0039] Furthermore, on the internal face (lb) of the plate, elongated horizontal recesses are arranged, spaced apart from each other, forming horizontal friezes (6) for fitting into the horizontal structural profile (8), as shown in Figure 11.

[0040] The constructive structure proposed in this innovation uses two types of structuring profiles, the vertical (7) and the horizontal (8), both presenting themselves as an elongated and essentially rigid element, as illustrated in Figure 6. These profiles are interconnected, forming a rigid matrix that supports the building structure, the object of this innovation.

[0041] The vertical profile (7) acts as a central column and, in a preferred configuration, illustrated in Figures 3 and 8, has its lateral ends constructed with a plurality of projections (9) to be fitted to the locks (11), whose interaction promotes self-locking. In another embodiment of the vertical profile (7a), shown in Figures 4 and 9, a internal cavity (15) for connection with the internal toothed lock (12) providing locking reinforcement.

[0042] The horizontal structuring profile (8), in turn, is arranged between the spaces of the vertical structuring profile (7) and, at its lateral ends, comprises serrated couplings (13) similar to tongues, which provide the crimp with the grooves of the horizontal frieze (6), whose coinciding serrations promote a firm crimp to keep the structure connected.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, particularly referring to the design of the corner of a modular wall, structuring profiles (7a) are associated with each other to ensure the "T" formation, and are subsequently associated with the plates (1) for finishing. In this embodiment, the attachable profile (5a) is fitted into the frieze (17) of the structuring profile (7a) so that a second structuring profile (7a) is locked perpendicularly, as illustrated in Figure 9. The optional embodiment is not limited to the association of the structuring profiles (7a) and attachable profile (5a).

[0044] Thus, to build the wall structure for modular constructions incorporating the present invention, illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 6, 7 and 13, the following steps are foreseen: a. allocation of the structuring profile (7 and 8) in the base of the place of use (14); b. positioning of the first plate (1) next to the structuring profiles (7 and 8); c. fitting the plate (1) in the structuring profiles (7 and 8); d. closing the panel with the second plate (1) parallel to the first plate (1) and pressing it against the structuring profiles (7 and 8) already fitted;

[0045] The vertical structuring profiles (7) are arranged on a base (14) to form columns aligned in a row and equally spaced from each other. These distances are determined by the size of the structuring profile horizontal (8), which is fitted between these spaces, forming a support web together with the vertical profiles (7), as shown in Figures 6 and 7. Subsequently, plates (1) are fitted side by side by means of the fitting edges (2), in order to form the surface of the built wall, fitting into the structuring profiles (7 and 8), as shown in Figure 6.

[0046] The plates (1) are fitted to the vertical profile (7) on its internal face (lb), where the recess (3) containing the attachable profile (5) connects with the vertical structuring profile (7), sliding mechanically until it is locked by the locks (11). The horizontal structuring profile (8), in turn, is coupled and locked by means of the serrated engagement (13) along the horizontal strips (6).

[0047] Thus, it can be seen that the present invention discloses a novel arrangement of elements for forming a building panel that can be used to form a wall structure that has load-bearing capacity and that can be rapidly assembled.

[0048] This innovation is not limited to the representations discussed or illustrated herein and should be understood in its broad scope. Many modifications and other representations of the invention will come to mind for those skilled in the art to which this innovation belongs, having the benefit of the teaching presented in the preceding descriptions and accompanying drawings. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific form disclosed, and that modifications and other forms are understood to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used only in a generic and descriptive manner and not for the purpose of limitation.

Claims

CLAIMS 1) Modular construction system by fitting and locking parts characterized by comprising the formation of a structure by means of the association of an attachable profile (5), a vertical structuring profile (7), a horizontal structuring profile (8) with a plate (1) provided with a vertical frieze (4) and a horizontal frieze (6) on its internal face (lb) for crimping, respectively, with said vertical (7) and horizontal (8) profiles, said attachable profile (5) provided with lateral projections (10) for crimping and locking with said vertical frieze (4) and locks (11) at its ends for engagement with the corresponding projections (9) on the sides of said vertical structuring profile (7), which constitutes a column with at least one projection (9) on each face for crimping with said locks (11), said horizontal structuring profile (8) comprising serrated couplings (13) at its lateral ends, capable of interacting with the horizontal profile (6). 2) Modular construction system by fitting and locking parts, according to claim 1, characterized in that its horizontal structuring profile (8) is arranged between the spaces of the vertical structuring profile (7). 3) Modular construction system by fitting and locking parts, according to claim 1, characterized in that said attachable profile (5a) has an internal central toothed lock (12). 4) Modular construction system by fitting and locking parts, according to claim 1, characterized in that said vertical profile (7a) comprises an internal recess (15) for connection with the internal toothed lock (12). 5) Modular construction system by fitting and locking parts, according to claim 1, characterized by allowing the association of multiple structuring profiles (7a) in "T", in which the attachable profile (5a) fits into the frieze (17) of said structuring profile (7a). 6) Method of fitting and locking a modular construction system by fitting and locking parts, characterized by: a. allocation of the structuring profiles (7 and 8) on the base of the place of use (14); b. positioning of a first plate (1) next to the structuring profiles (7 and 8); c. fitting of the first plate (1) to the structuring profiles (7 and 8), forming columns aligned in a row and equally spaced from each other, where this distance is determined by the horizontal structuring profile (8) fitted between these spaces, said fitting of the plates (1) with the vertical profile (7) occurring on the internal face (lb), where the attachable profile (5) connects with the vertical structuring profile (7) sliding mechanically until locking by the locks (11), said horizontal structuring profile (8) being coupled and locked to said plate (1) by means of the serrated engagement (13) next to the horizontal friezes (6) d.closing the panel with a second plate (1) parallel to the first plate and pressing it against the already fitted structural profiles (7 and 8), said plates (1) being fitted side by side by means of the fitting edges (2), so as to form the surface of the built wall, fitting into the structural profiles (7 and 8).

Images