Silage harvester and control method therefor

Abstract

A silage harvester (1), comprising a header assembly (10), a feeding assembly (20), a chopping assembly (30), a grain crushing assembly (40), a throwing cylinder (60), a processor (70) and a controller (80), which are in sequential communication with one another, and further comprising a material conveying gap adjusting device and a gap adjusting device of the grain crushing assembly, wherein an image acquisition device (61) is provided in the throwing cylinder, and the image acquisition device, the crushing assembly and the controller are communicatively connected to the processor; and the material conveying gap adjusting device comprises a mounting rack (100), a movable blade assembly (200), an adjusting assembly (300), a fixed blade assembly (400), a bottom plate assembly (500), and a connecting rod assembly (600). The silage harvester can evaluate whether the crushing degree of grains reaches a specific purpose in real time, and can accordingly adjust a gap between a movable blade cutting edge and a fixed blade cutting edge and a gap between the movable blade cutting edge and an arc-shaped bottom plate, thereby reducing unnecessary energy consumption. Further disclosed is a control method for the silage harvester.

Description

Silage machine and control method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a silage machine and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A silo is an agricultural machine primarily used for harvesting silage corn, cotton stalks, sorghum, oats, and other stalk-shaped forage crop straw. This machine can complete multiple operations at once, including harvesting, chopping, rubbing, throwing, and loading. In the related art, a silo generally includes a header assembly, a feeding assembly, a chopping assembly, a crushing assembly, and a throwing assembly. During operation, the header assembly can harvest or pick up plants in the field; the collected plants are compacted and pressed after reaching the feeding assembly, and then conveyed to the chopping assembly; the chopping assembly can cut the plants into segments, which are further conveyed to the crushing assembly; the crushing assembly rubs the segments into a crushed state, which is further conveyed to the throwing assembly; the throwing assembly generates throwing power, throwing the crushed plants into the throwing barrel, and the crushed plants fly out along the throwing barrel due to the power inertia, and are eventually conveyed to the external collection vehicle. However, the solutions of the related art cannot evaluate in real time whether the degree of grain crushing has reached a specific purpose, which may cause unnecessary energy consumption of the silage machine.

[0003] The silage machine is driven by a power machine to complete a series of operations such as harvesting, feeding, chopping, grain crushing and throwing of green materials or crop straw. Chopping is located in the middle link of the material flow. The crops transported from the previous working part will be chopped at a fixed length at the shearing edge of the dynamic and fixed knives in the chopping assembly. The chopped materials will be transported to the conveying cavity composed of the rotating knife roller, the fixed knife assembly, the mounting frame and the arc bottom plate. Under the rotation of the rotating knife roller, the material in the conveying cavity will be thrown from the tail end of the arc bottom plate to the next working part under the action of centrifugal force. During the chopping operation, the gap between the blade of the dynamic blade on the rotating knife roller and the blade of the fixed blade on the fixed knife assembly needs to be strictly controlled so that the chopped material should be of appropriate length and keep the length consistent, which is beneficial to material At the same time, it is necessary to strictly control the gaps between the moving blade edge on the rotating cutter roller and the wear wedge and the arc bottom plate to ensure smooth material transportation, thereby improving the material transportation efficiency and reducing the power loss of the whole machine during the material transportation process. During the operation of the shredding component, the moving blade, fixed blade and arc bottom plate will have different degrees of wear. After a period of operation, due to the wear of the above-mentioned components, the gap between the moving blade edge in the rotating cutter roller and the fixed blade and the arc bottom plate becomes larger. At this time, it is necessary to control the gaps between the moving blade edge and the fixed blade edge and the arc bottom plate on the rotating cutter roller as much as possible to ensure excellent cutting effect on the material and improve the material transportation efficiency to reduce the power loss of the whole machine during the material transportation process.

[0004] However, although Chinese invention patent application CN112005741A discloses a silage machine and a movable and fixed blade gap adjustment device thereof, the movable and fixed blade gap adjustment device includes a frame and a fixed blade seat rotatably connected to the frame, and also includes a driving mechanism and an adjusting rod connected to the driving mechanism and the fixed blade seat, and the adjusting rod is configured to drive the fixed blade seat to rotate under the drive of the driving mechanism to achieve gap adjustment between the fixed blade on the fixed blade seat and the movable blade in the frame, but it is impossible to simultaneously adjust the gap between the blade edge of the movable blade on the rotating knife roller and the arc bottom plate, resulting in low material conveying efficiency and large power loss of the entire machine during material conveying.

[0005] When a silage machine harvests silage corn, the kernel crushing assembly, as a key component in the material flow, crushes the corn kernels and straw. During the harvesting process, due to differences in per-acre yield and feed amount, the gap between the crushing rollers in the kernel crushing assembly needs to be adjusted to achieve the best crushing effect. In the prior art, there is a hydraulic control device for adjusting the gap between the kernel crushing rollers of a silage machine, such as the patent number CN216842431U. The gap between the kernel crushing rollers is adjusted by the hydraulic control device, but the use of hydraulic drive requires the addition of a hydraulic system, which has a complex structure and high cost. In addition, the two cylinders drive the movable roller bearing seats on both sides, which is asynchronous, causing the center axis to tilt and damage the bearings.

[0006] To sum up, there is an urgent need for a device that can identify the degree of grain crushing during silage machine operation and can adjust the crushing component of the silage machine in real time according to the degree of grain crushing, so that the silage machine has better energy consumption; the gap between the movable blade edge and the fixed blade edge and the arc bottom plate can be adjusted to ensure excellent cutting effect while improving the material conveying efficiency; a crushing roller gap adjustment device with simple structure and low cost can be used to solve the problems existing in the existing technology.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a silage machine and a control method thereof to solve the technical problem that existing silage machines cannot evaluate in real time whether the degree of grain crushing has reached a specific purpose, thereby causing unnecessary energy consumption in the silage machine. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a silage machine, comprising a header assembly, a feeding assembly, a chopping assembly, a crushing assembly, a throwing barrel, a processor, and a controller; the header assembly, the feeding assembly, the chopping assembly, the crushing assembly, and the throwing barrel are sequentially connected, an image acquisition device is provided in the throwing barrel, and the image acquisition device, the crushing assembly, and the controller are in communication with the processor;

[0010] The image acquisition device is used to obtain an image of the material after being crushed by the silo machine, and send the image to the processor;

[0011] The processor is used to identify the grain image in the image and calculate the proportion of complete grains in the grain image;

[0012] The processor is further configured to compare the proportion of intact grains in the grain image with a preset proportion, and send the comparison result to the controller;

[0013] The controller is configured to send a control instruction to the crushing assembly based on the comparison result to adjust the crushing assembly.

[0014] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the identifying of the grain image in the image includes:

[0015] Obtaining color and contour parameters of each object image in the image;

[0016] It is determined whether the object image is a grain image based on the color and contour parameters.

[0017] In a possible implementation, calculating the proportion of intact grains in the grain image includes:

[0018] acquiring a complete grain image and a broken grain image from the grain image;

[0019] The number of the intact grain images and the number of the broken grain images are counted, and the number of the intact grains is divided by the sum of the number of the intact grain images and the number of the broken grain images to obtain the proportion of intact grains in the grain images.

[0020] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the obtaining of the complete grain image and the broken grain image in the grain image comprises:

[0021] Acquire size parameters of the seed image in a first direction and a second direction;

[0022] comparing the size parameters of the seed image in the first direction and the second direction with the size parameters of a preset complete seed image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction;

[0023] If any one of the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction is smaller than any one of the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, the grain image is a broken grain image.

[0024] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the crushing assembly includes a fixed roller and a movable roller arranged opposite to each other; and sending a control instruction to the crushing assembly based on the comparison result to adjust the crushing assembly includes:

[0025] If the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is greater than a preset proportion, reducing the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller, and / or increasing the roller speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller;

[0026] If the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is less than a preset proportion, the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller is increased, and / or the roller speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller is reduced.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a control method for the silage machine as described above, comprising:

[0028] adjusting a header assembly, a feeding assembly, a chopping assembly, a crushing assembly, a throwing barrel, a processor, and a controller of a forage machine, and performing a harvesting operation using the forage machine;

[0029] Get images of materials after silage machine crushing;

[0030] Identifying a grain image in the image, and calculating the proportion of intact grains in the grain image;

[0031] comparing the proportion of intact kernels in the kernel image with a preset proportion;

[0032] The chopping assembly and the crushing assembly of the silage machine are adjusted based on the comparison results.

[0033] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the identifying of the grain image in the image includes:

[0034] Obtaining color and contour parameters of each object image in the image;

[0035] It is determined whether the object image is a grain image based on the color and contour parameters.

[0036] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the calculation of the proportion of intact grains in the grain image includes:

[0037] acquiring a complete grain image and a broken grain image from the grain image;

[0038] The number of the intact grain images and the number of the broken grain images are counted, and the number of the intact grains is divided by the sum of the number of the intact grain images and the number of the broken grain images to obtain the proportion of intact grains in the grain images.

[0039] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the obtaining of the complete grain image and the broken grain image in the grain image comprises:

[0040] Acquire size parameters of the seed image in a first direction and a second direction;

[0041] comparing the size parameters of the seed image in the first direction and the second direction with the size parameters of a preset complete seed image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction;

[0042] If any one of the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction is smaller than any one of the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, the grain image is a broken grain image.

[0043] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the adjusting of the crushing component of the silage machine based on the comparison result comprises:

[0044] If the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is greater than a preset proportion, reducing the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller, and / or increasing the roller speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller;

[0045] If the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is less than a preset proportion, the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller is increased, and / or the roller speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller is reduced.

[0046] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the silage machine also includes a material conveying gap adjustment device, which includes a mounting frame, a movable knife assembly rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, an adjusting assembly hinged to the mounting frame, a fixed knife assembly hinged to the adjusting assembly, a base plate assembly arranged below the movable knife assembly and hinged to the fixed knife assembly at the material input end, and used to enclose the mounting frame, the movable knife assembly, and the fixed knife assembly to form a conveying cavity, and a connecting rod assembly arranged on the mounting frame and hinged to the fixed knife assembly and the base plate assembly respectively, driving the fixed knife assembly to rotate in a direction close to the movable knife assembly or driving the fixed knife assembly to rotate in a direction away from the movable knife assembly through the adjusting assembly, the connecting rod assembly is used to synchronously drive the material output end of the base plate assembly to move in a direction close to the movable knife assembly when the adjusting assembly drives the fixed knife assembly to rotate in a direction close to the movable knife assembly, or synchronously drive the material output end of the base plate assembly to move in a direction away from the movable knife assembly when the adjusting assembly drives the fixed knife assembly to rotate in a direction away from the movable knife assembly.

[0047] A further improvement of the silage locomotive of the present invention is that the connecting rod assembly includes a fixed knife support seat arranged on the mounting frame for rotatably supporting the fixed knife assembly, a clamping assembly hinged to the fixed knife assembly and elastically connected to the fixed knife support seat for elastically pressing the fixed knife assembly onto the fixed knife support seat, a screw hinge seat connected to the fixed knife support seat, and a screw assembly hinged to the screw hinge seat and the base plate assembly respectively.

[0048] A further improvement of the silage loom of the present invention is that the base plate assembly includes an arc base plate, a front end hinge seat arranged on the lower end surface of the arc base plate and hinged to the fixed knife assembly, a rear end hinge seat arranged on the lower end surface of the arc base plate, and a connecting pin shaft 1 that passes through the rear end hinge seat and hinged to the screw assembly.

[0049] A further improvement of the silage locomotive of the present invention is that the screw assembly includes a connecting screw, a Y-shaped connector threadedly connected to the connecting screw and hinged to a connecting pin, a lock nut threadedly connected to the connecting screw and abutting the lower end of the Y-shaped connector, an articulated shaft sleeved on the connecting screw and hinged to the screw articulated seat, an upper limit nut arranged at the first end of the articulated shaft and threadedly connected to the connecting screw, and a lower limit nut arranged at the second end of the articulated shaft and threadedly connected to the connecting screw.

[0050] A further improvement of the silage locomotive of the present invention is that the fixed knife assembly includes a fixed knife mounting frame hinged to the clamping assembly and the arc bottom plate respectively, a fixed knife blade arranged on the fixed knife mounting frame, and a wear wedge block detachably arranged on the end surface of the fixed knife mounting frame facing the movable knife assembly.

[0051] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the fixed blade assembly further includes an adjustment pad arranged between the fixed blade mounting frame and the wear wedge.

[0052] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the fixed knife mounting frame includes a mounting frame main body, a fixed knife hinge seat arranged on the lower end portion of the mounting frame main body and hinged to the clamping assembly for being arranged in an arc-shaped accommodating groove on the fixed knife support seat, a bottom plate hinge seat arranged on the end surface of the mounting frame main body facing the arc bottom plate, and a connecting pin shaft 2 passing through the bottom plate hinge seat and the front end hinge seat.

[0053] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the adjustment assembly includes a telescopic member whose fixed end is hinged to the mounting frame, a connecting pin shaft three hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and an adjustment block hinged to the connecting pin shaft three and fixedly connected to the fixed knife mounting frame.

[0054] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the movable knife assembly includes a knife roller welded rotatably arranged on the mounting frame and a plurality of movable blades arranged at intervals along the circumference of the knife roller welded.

[0055] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the silage machine also includes a gap adjustment device for adjusting the gap of the grain crushing assembly of the silage machine, the crushing assembly includes a movable roller and a fixed roller, the silage machine includes a first bearing seat for mounting the movable roller and a second bearing seat for mounting the fixed roller, and a line connecting the midpoint of the first bearing seat and the midpoint of the second bearing seat is used as a reference line. A rotating shaft is provided on one side of the first bearing seat, and the rotating shaft is parallel to the crushing assembly and is located on the side of the first bearing seat away from the reference line. The gap adjustment device includes:

[0056] An adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic adjustment member, a push rod, and an eccentric adjustment member coaxially arranged at the end of the push rod, the push rod is parallel to the crushing assembly and arranged on one side of the crushing assembly, the eccentric adjustment member has an eccentrically arranged output end, the telescopic adjustment member is arranged on one side of the push rod and is drivingly connected to the push rod, the telescopic adjustment member is used to drive the push rod to rotate by telescoping, thereby driving the output end of the eccentric adjustment member to rotate around the axis of the push rod;

[0057] A connecting rod mechanism is used to respectively connect the output end of the eccentric adjustment member and the side of the first bearing seat away from the rotating shaft. The connecting rod mechanism is parallel to or tends to be parallel to the reference line, and is used to be driven by the adjustment mechanism to drive the first bearing seat to rotate based on the rotating shaft to adjust the distance between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, thereby adjusting the gap between the movable roller and the fixed roller.

[0058] A further improvement of the silage locomotive of the present invention is that the connecting rod mechanism includes a connecting member and a connecting screw, the connecting member is connected to the output end of the eccentric adjusting member, a connecting plate is provided on the connecting member, the connecting screw is passed through the connecting plate and the first end of the connecting screw is hinged to the side of the first bearing seat away from the rotating shaft.

[0059] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the gap adjustment device further includes a fine-tuning mechanism provided between the connecting member and the connecting screw, for driving the movable roller to return to its original position after the movable roller is forced away from the fixed roller.

[0060] A further improvement of the silage harvester of the present invention is that the fine-tuning mechanism includes a retaining ring provided at the second end of the connecting screw rod and an elastic member provided between the connecting plate and the retaining ring.

[0061] A further improvement of the silage harvester of the present invention is that a first limiting nut is provided at the second end of the connecting screw, and a second limiting nut is provided at the middle of the connecting screw, the second limiting nut is used to abut against the side of the connecting plate facing the movable roller, the first limiting nut is used to limit the retaining ring to the layout position of the connecting screw and cooperate with the second limiting nut to limit the layout position of the connecting screw on the connecting plate to thereby adjust the compression amount of the elastic member.

[0062] A further improvement of the silage harvester of the present invention is that a hinge shaft parallel to the rotating shaft is provided on a side of the first bearing seat away from the rotating shaft, and the first end of the connecting screw is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0063] A further improvement of the silage machine of the present invention is that the first end of the connecting screw is threadedly connected to a third limiting nut for abutting against the hinge shaft to limit the connecting screw from being screwed into the second end of the connecting screw under the action of the fine-tuning mechanism.

[0064] A further improvement of the silage locomotive of the present invention is that the gap adjustment device includes an articulated seat arranged on one side of the crushing assembly, a push plate is radially provided on one side of the middle part of the push rod, the first end of the telescopic adjustment member is hinged to the push plate, and the second end of the telescopic adjustment member is hinged to the articulated seat.

[0065] A further improvement of the silage locomotive of the present invention is that the gap adjustment device further includes a limiting mechanism provided between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, for limiting the minimum gap between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat.

[0066] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0067] (1) The control method for a silo of the present invention includes acquiring an image of material after the silo has been crushed; identifying a grain image in the image and calculating the proportion of intact grains in the grain image; comparing the proportion of intact grains in the grain image with a preset proportion; and adjusting the crushing component of the silo based on the comparison result. The present application can identify the degree of grain crushing during silo operation and can adjust the crushing component of the silo in real time based on the degree of grain crushing, thereby achieving better energy consumption for the silo.

[0068] (2) The material conveying gap adjustment device of the present invention is installed by installing the movable knife assembly, the adjustment assembly and the connecting rod assembly through the installation frame, and then the fixed knife assembly and the movable knife assembly are installed through the adjustment assembly and the connecting rod assembly. The bottom plate assembly and the installation frame, the movable knife assembly and the fixed knife assembly are enclosed to form a conveying cavity. The movable knife assembly and the fixed knife assembly cooperate to convey the chopped material into the conveying cavity first, and then thrown from the material output end of the bottom plate assembly to the next working component under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the movable knife assembly. After working for a period of time, the movable knife assembly, the fixed knife assembly and the bottom plate assembly are worn by the material, and the gap between the movable knife assembly and the fixed knife assembly and the bottom plate assembly becomes larger. The adjustment assembly drives the fixed knife assembly to rotate in the direction close to the movable knife assembly to reduce the gap between the movable knife assembly and the fixed knife assembly to an appropriate value, thereby maintaining To ensure the cutting effect on the material, at the same time, the connecting rod assembly synchronously drives the material output end of the base plate assembly to move toward the fixed knife assembly, so as to reduce the gap between the material output end of the base plate assembly and the movable knife assembly to an appropriate value, so as to improve the material conveying efficiency and ensure that there is still a good initial throwing velocity when throwing the material to the next working component, thereby reducing the power loss of the whole machine. This solution realizes the simultaneous adjustment of the gap between the movable knife assembly and the fixed knife assembly, as well as the gap between the material output end of the base plate assembly and the movable knife assembly through the coordinated installation of the frame, movable knife assembly, adjustment assembly, fixed knife assembly, base plate assembly and connecting rod assembly. Compared with the existing technology, while having excellent cutting effect on the material, the material conveying efficiency is high, and the power loss of the whole machine is small, it is highly practical and suitable for wide promotion and application.

[0069] (3) The gap adjustment device of the present invention controls the telescopic adjustment member arranged on one side of the push rod to extend and retract to drive the push rod to rotate within a preset range, thereby changing the circumferential position of the output end of the eccentric adjustment member relative to the axis of the push rod, thereby driving the first bearing seat through the connecting rod mechanism to make it swing away from the side of the rotating shaft based on the rotating shaft. The connecting rod mechanism is parallel or tends to be parallel to the reference line, so its swing arc also tends to coincide with the reference line, thereby driving the movable roller to move to adjust the gap between the movable roller and the fixed roller. This gap adjustment device realizes the gap adjustment between the movable roller and the fixed roller through a mechanical structure, realizes the adjustment of different feed amounts, and meets the crushing requirements under different working conditions. It has a simple structure, simple operation, and strong safety. Compared with the hydraulic drive method, it effectively reduces the structural cost. It realizes the synchronous adjustment of the position of the first bearing seat at both ends of the movable roller based on the push rod, effectively preventing the shaft tilt from damaging the bearing.

[0070] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0071] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0072] FIG1 is a flow chart of a control method for a silage machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of crushed grains according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a silage machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a silage machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] FIG8 is a partial structural diagram of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] 9 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] 10 is a partial structural sectional view of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] 11 is a partial structural cross-sectional view of a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed knife mounting frame in a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a wear wedge in a material conveying gap adjustment device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0085] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] FIG15 is a side half-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] 16 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the push rod and the eccentric adjustment member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] FIG. 17 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Among them, 1. silage machine; 11. wheels; 2. plants; 10. header assembly; 20. feeding assembly; 30. chopping assembly; 40. crushing assembly; 50. throwing assembly; 60. throwing barrel; 61. image acquisition device; 70. processor; 80. controller; 90. user-end display interface; A. silage material travel route;

[0090] 100, mounting frame; 110, telescopic hinge seat; 200, movable knife assembly; 210, knife roller welding; 220, movable blade; 300, adjustment assembly; 310, telescopic member; 320, connecting pin shaft 3; 330, adjustment block; 400, fixed knife assembly; 410, fixed knife mounting frame; 411, mounting frame body; 412, fixed knife hinge seat; 413, bottom plate hinge seat; 414, connecting pin shaft 2; 415, wedge block mounting hole 1; 416, radial fixing hole; 420, fixed blade; 430, wear wedge; 431, circular Arc surface; 432, wedge mounting hole 2; 440, adjustment pad; 500, base plate assembly; 510, arc base plate; 520, front hinge seat; 530, rear hinge seat; 540, connecting pin shaft 1; 550, linear bearing; 600, connecting rod assembly; 610, fixed blade support seat; 620, pressing assembly; 630, screw hinge seat; 640, screw assembly; 641, connecting screw; 642, Y-type connector; 643, anti-loosening nut; 644, hinge shaft; 700, ideal cutting line; 800, actual cutting line;

[0091] 101. Frame; 102. First articulated screw; 3. Wire tube; 4. Second articulated screw; 5. Push rod; 51. Push plate; 6. Eccentric adjustment member; 7. Connecting member; 71. Connecting plate; 8. Connecting screw; 9. First limiting nut; 103. Retaining ring; 111. Elastic member; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. First bearing seat; 14. Articulated shaft; 15. Sleeve; 16. Second limiting nut; 17. Moving roller; 18. Fixed roller; 19. Top screw; 120. Second bearing seat; 21. Limiting screw; 22. Third limiting nut; 23. Articulated seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0093] As described in the background art, the silage machine of the related art cannot evaluate in real time whether the degree of crushing of the grains has reached a specific purpose, which may cause the grains to be crushed too finely, thereby causing the silage machine to generate unnecessary additional energy consumption.

[0094] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application aims to provide a silage machine and a control method thereof, adjust the silage machine's header assembly, feeding assembly, shredding assembly, crushing assembly, throwing barrel, processor and controller, and perform harvesting operations through the silage machine; the method obtains an image of the material after crushing by the silage machine; identifies the grain image in the image, and calculates the proportion of intact grains in the grain image; compares the proportion of intact grains in the grain image with a preset proportion; and adjusts the silage machine's shredding assembly and crushing assembly based on the comparison result, thereby identifying the degree of grain crushing during the silage machine operation, and can adjust the silage machine's crushing assembly in real time according to the degree of grain crushing, so that the silage machine has better energy consumption.

[0095] The contents of the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can understand the contents of the present application in more detail.

[0096] FIG1 is a flow chart of a control method for a silage machine provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0097] Please refer to Figure 1.

[0098] This embodiment provides a control method for the silage machine as described above, including:

[0099] Step S110: Acquire an image of the material after being crushed by the silo.

[0100] Exemplarily, the image of the material after crushing by the silo can be obtained by an image acquisition device, which can be arranged between the crushing component of the silo and the outlet of the throwing barrel, or can be arranged outside the silo to obtain the image of the material after being thrown out by the throwing barrel.

[0101] Preferably, an image acquisition device may be provided on the throwing cylinder. The image acquisition device may be, for example, a high-speed camera, so as to capture images of materials thrown out of the throwing cylinder.

[0102] Step S120 : Identify the grain image in the image and calculate the proportion of intact grains in the grain image.

[0103] Since the stems and leaves in the crushed material will affect the recognition of the grains, it is first necessary to distinguish the grain images from the stem and leaf images in the image of the crushed material.

[0104] Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the grain image in the image can be identified by the following method, specifically including:

[0105] Obtain the color and contour parameters of each object image in the image; and determine whether the object image is a grain image based on the color and contour parameters.

[0106] Since the color of the stems and leaves in silage may be different from the color of the grains (generally the color of the stems and leaves is green, and the color of the grains may be yellow, white, etc.), the stems, leaves and grains can be distinguished by color.

[0107] Contour parameters include size and shape. Generally, kernel size has a maximum value, while the size of chopped stems and leaves may exceed the maximum kernel size. Therefore, stems, leaves, and kernels can be further distinguished based on this. Kernels generally have a smooth outer contour, while chopped stems and leaves have sharp, jagged edges. This allows for further differentiation between stems, leaves, and kernels.

[0108] After the image of the kernel is identified, the proportion of the complete kernel in the image can be further calculated.

[0109] For example, in this embodiment, the proportion of intact grains in the grain image can be calculated by the following method, which specifically includes:

[0110] The complete kernel image and the broken kernel image are obtained from the kernel image.

[0111] Since the size of intact kernels is different from that of broken kernels, the images of intact kernels and broken kernels can be distinguished by their size. Since the size of kernel images depends on the angle at which the kernels appear in the image, it is necessary to measure their size in at least two directions.

[0112] Specifically, the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction may be obtained, wherein the first direction and the second direction may be, for example, two directions perpendicular to each other in the image of the material.

[0113] Then, the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction are compared with the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are three different directions perpendicular to each other in three-dimensional space, and the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction can be pre-stored in the processor.

[0114] Finally, if any one of the size parameters of the seed image in the first and second directions is smaller than any one of the size parameters of the preset complete seed image in the first, second, and third directions, the seed image is considered a broken seed image. In other words, if the size of the seed image in either the first or second direction is smaller than the size of the preset complete seed image in any of the first, second, and third directions, the seed image is considered a broken seed image.

[0115] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a crushed kernel provided by an embodiment of the present application. For example, as shown in FIG2 , the image of an intact kernel 110 may exhibit two extreme states within the material image: a state having two dimensions, D1 in the first direction and D2 in the second direction, and a state having two dimensions, D3 in the first direction and D2 in the second direction. It is understood that the image size of the intact kernel 110 at any angle will fall within the size range defined by D1, D2, and D3. The image of a crushed kernel 120 may have at least one dimension in the first and second directions that is smaller than any of D1, D2, and D3. Therefore, the dimensions of the kernel image in the first and second directions can be compared with the three dimensions D1, D2, and D3. If any dimension of the kernel image is smaller than one of the aforementioned dimensions, the kernel image can be determined to be an image of a crushed kernel; otherwise, the kernel image can be determined to be an image of an intact kernel.

[0116] It is understood that the kernel image can also be used to determine whether it is an image of a complete kernel or an image of a broken kernel based on its outline. Generally, an image of a broken kernel has an irregular outline, while the outline of a complete kernel is continuous and uniform. Therefore, the kernel image can also be used to determine whether it is an image of a complete kernel or an image of a broken kernel based on the shape of the outline.

[0117] Furthermore, this embodiment can also count the number of complete grain images and the number of broken grain images, and divide the number of complete grains by the sum of the number of complete grain images and the number of broken grain images to obtain the proportion of complete grains in the grain images.

[0118] After the above steps are completed, step S130 may be continued to compare the proportion of intact grains in the grain image with a preset proportion.

[0119] For example, the preset proportion of complete grains in the grain image may vary depending on the specific purpose. The processor may pre-store the preset proportions of complete grains in the grain images for a variety of purposes. The proportion of complete particles in the obtained grain image may be compared with the preset proportion of complete grains in the grain image for the corresponding purpose to obtain a comparison result.

[0120] Step S140: adjusting the crushing component of the silage machine based on the comparison result.

[0121] For example, in this embodiment, if the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is greater than a preset proportion, the degree of surface grain crushing is insufficient. Therefore, based on this, the gap between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17 can be reduced, and / or the roller speed difference between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17 can be increased, thereby improving the crushing efficiency of the crushing assembly.

[0122] If the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is less than the preset proportion, the degree of surface grain crushing is too large. Therefore, based on this, the gap between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17 can be increased, and / or the roller speed difference between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17 can be reduced, thereby reducing the crushing efficiency of the crushing component and reducing the energy consumption of the silage machine.

[0123] This embodiment can identify the degree of grain crushing during the operation of the silage machine, and can adjust the crushing components of the silage machine in real time according to the degree of grain crushing, thereby making the silage machine have better energy consumption.

[0124] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a silage machine provided in one embodiment of the present application; FIG4 is a simplified structural diagram of a silage machine provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0125] This embodiment also provides a silage machine 1, comprising a header assembly 10, a feeding assembly 20, a chopping assembly 30, a crushing assembly 40, a throwing barrel 60, a processor 70, and a controller 80. The header assembly 10, the feeding assembly 20, the chopping assembly 30, the crushing assembly 40, and the throwing barrel 60 are sequentially connected, and silage passes through the silage machine 1 along a silage material travel route A in the figure. Specifically, the silage machine 1 can travel on the ground via wheels 11, and the header assembly 10 can harvest or pick up plants in the field. The collected plants arrive at the feeding assembly 20, where they are compacted and compressed, and then conveyed to the chopping assembly 30. The chopping assembly 30 can cut the plants into segments, which are further conveyed to the crushing assembly 40. The crushing assembly 40 rubs the segments into a crushed state, which is further conveyed to the throwing assembly 50. The throwing assembly 50 generates a throwing force to throw the crushed plants into the throwing barrel 60. The crushed plants fly out along the throwing drum 60 by virtue of the power inertia and are finally sent to an external collecting vehicle.

[0126] In this embodiment, the crushing assembly 40 includes a fixed roller 18 and a movable roller 17 positioned opposite each other. The rotational speeds of the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17, as well as the gap between them, are adjustable, thereby varying the crushing effect of the crushing assembly 40 on the seeds. An image acquisition device 61 is housed within the throwing cylinder 60. The image acquisition device 61, the crushing assembly 40, and a controller 80 are in communication with a processor 70. The controller 80 is also connected to a user-side display interface 90 to transmit information to the user in real time.

[0127] The image acquisition device 61 is used to obtain images of the material after being crushed by the silo machine 1 and send the images to the processor 70 .

[0128] The processor 70 is used to identify the kernel image in the image and calculate the proportion of intact kernels in the kernel image.

[0129] Optionally, identifying the seed image in the image includes: acquiring color and contour parameters of each object image in the image; and determining whether the object image is a seed image based on the color and contour parameters.

[0130] Calculating the proportion of intact grains in the grain image includes: obtaining intact grain images and broken grain images in the grain image; counting the number of intact grain images and the number of broken grain images, and dividing the number of intact grains by the sum of the number of intact grain images and the number of broken grain images to obtain the proportion of intact grains in the grain image.

[0131] The processor 70 is further configured to compare the proportion of intact kernels in the kernel image with a preset proportion, and send the comparison result to the controller 80 .

[0132] Optionally, obtaining the complete grain image and the broken grain image in the grain image includes: obtaining the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction; comparing the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction with the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction; if any one of the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction is smaller than any one of the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, the grain image is a broken grain image.

[0133] The controller 80 is configured to send a control instruction to the crushing assembly 40 based on the comparison result to adjust the crushing assembly 40 .

[0134] Optionally, based on the comparison result, a control instruction is sent to the crushing component to adjust the crushing component, including: if the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is greater than a preset proportion, reducing the gap between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17, and / or increasing the roller speed difference between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17; if the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is less than a preset proportion, increasing the gap between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17, and / or reducing the roller speed difference between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17.

[0135] The silage machine 1 of this embodiment can identify the degree of crushing of grains during operation, and can adjust the crushing component 40 of the silage machine in real time according to the degree of crushing of the grains, thereby making the silage machine have better energy consumption.

[0136] As shown in Figures 5 to 7, the silage machine of the present invention also includes a material conveying gap adjustment device, including a mounting frame 100, a movable knife assembly 200 rotatably arranged on the mounting frame 100, an adjustment assembly 300 hinged to the mounting frame 100, a fixed knife assembly 400 hinged to the adjustment assembly 300, a bottom plate assembly 500 arranged below the movable knife assembly 200 and hinged to the fixed knife assembly 400 at the material input end for forming a conveying cavity with the mounting frame 100, the movable knife assembly 200, and the fixed knife assembly 400, and a bottom plate assembly 500 arranged on the mounting frame 100 and hinged to the fixed knife assembly 400 and the bottom plate assembly 500 respectively. The connecting rod assembly 600 drives the fixed knife assembly 400 to rotate toward the direction approaching the movable knife assembly 200 or drives the fixed knife assembly 400 to rotate toward the direction away from the movable knife assembly 200 through the adjusting assembly 300. The connecting rod assembly 600 is used to synchronously drive the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 to move toward the direction approaching the movable knife assembly 200 when the adjusting assembly 300 drives the fixed knife assembly 400 to rotate toward the direction approaching the movable knife assembly 200, or synchronously drive the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 to move toward the direction away from the movable knife assembly 200 when the adjusting assembly 300 drives the fixed knife assembly 400 to rotate toward the direction away from the movable knife assembly 200.

[0137] Specifically, the material conveying gap adjustment device of the present invention is installed by installing the movable knife assembly 200, the adjustment assembly 300 and the connecting rod assembly 600 through the installation frame 100, and then the fixed knife assembly 400 and the movable knife assembly 200 are installed through the adjustment assembly 300 and the connecting rod assembly 600. The bottom plate assembly 500 and the installation frame 100, the movable knife assembly 200, and the fixed knife assembly 400 are enclosed to form a conveying cavity. The movable knife assembly 200 and the fixed knife assembly 400 cooperate to transport the chopped material to the conveying cavity first. The moving knife assembly 200 is then thrown from the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 to the next working component under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the moving knife assembly 200. After working for a period of time, the moving knife assembly 200, the fixed knife assembly 400 and the base plate assembly 500 are worn by the material, and the gap between the moving knife assembly 200 and the fixed knife assembly 400 and the base plate assembly 500 becomes larger. The adjusting assembly 300 drives the fixed knife assembly 400 to rotate in the direction close to the moving knife assembly 200 to separate the moving knife assembly 200 from the fixed knife assembly 400. The gap between the movable knife assembly 200 and the fixed knife assembly 400 is reduced to an appropriate value, thereby ensuring the cutting effect on the material. At the same time, the connecting rod assembly 600 synchronously drives the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 to move toward the direction close to the fixed knife assembly 400, so as to reduce the gap between the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 and the movable knife assembly 200 to an appropriate value, so as to improve the material conveying efficiency and ensure that the material still has a good initial throwing velocity when it is thrown into the next working component, thereby reducing the power loss of the whole machine. This solution realizes the simultaneous adjustment of the gap between the movable knife assembly 200 and the fixed knife assembly 400, as well as the gap between the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 and the movable knife assembly 200 by installing the frame 100, the movable knife assembly 200, the adjustment assembly 300, the fixed knife assembly 400, the base plate assembly 500 and the connecting rod assembly 600. Compared with the existing technology, while having an excellent cutting effect on the material, the material conveying efficiency is high, the power loss of the whole machine is small, the practicability is strong, and it is suitable for wide promotion and application.

[0138] It should be understood that the gap between the movable knife assembly 200 and the fixed knife assembly 400 and the base plate assembly 500 refers to the gap between the movable knife assembly 200 and the fixed knife assembly 400 , and the gap between the movable knife assembly 200 and the base plate assembly 500 .

[0139] Optionally, two adjustment assemblies 300 are provided, and the two adjustment assemblies 300 are spaced apart and arranged on opposite sides of the mounting frame 100 and hinged to opposite ends of the fixed blade assembly 400. It should be understood that the entire machine is a silage machine or other agricultural machinery equipment using this embodiment.

[0140] As shown in Figures 8 to 11, in this embodiment, the connecting rod assembly 600 includes a fixed knife support seat 610 arranged on the mounting frame 100 for rotatably supporting the fixed knife assembly 400, a clamping assembly 620 hinged to the fixed knife assembly 400 and elastically connected to the fixed knife support seat 610 for elastically pressing the fixed knife assembly 400 onto the fixed knife support seat 610, a screw hinge seat 630 connected to the fixed knife support seat 610, and a screw assembly 640 hinged to the screw hinge seat 630 and the base plate assembly 500 respectively. Specifically, the fixed knife assembly 400 is rotatably supported by the fixed knife support seat 610, and then the fixed knife assembly 400 is elastically pressed on the fixed knife support seat 610 by the pressing assembly 620, so that the fixed knife assembly 400 can rotate relative to the fixed knife support seat 610, and then can be close to or away from the movable knife assembly 200, and then the screw assembly 640 is hinged through the screw hinge seat 630, and the bottom plate assembly 500 is hinged through the screw assembly 640 to achieve the installation support of the bottom plate assembly 500, that is, when the adjustment assembly 300 is not working Under the action of the connecting rod assembly 600, the fixed blade assembly 400 and the movable blade assembly 200 are also fixed. When the adjustment assembly 300 is in operation, the fixed blade assembly 400, the fixed blade support seat 610, the screw hinge seat 630, the screw assembly 640, and the base plate assembly 500 form a closed connecting rod. When the fixed blade assembly 400 approaches or moves away from the movable blade assembly 200, the material output end of the base plate assembly 500 is synchronously moved toward or away from the movable blade assembly 200 under the drive of the fixed blade assembly 400 and the linkage of the screw assembly 640. Optionally, the screw assemblies 640 are arranged in pairs, with the screw hinge seats 630 and screw assemblies 640 arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0141] As shown in Figure 8, in this embodiment, the base plate assembly 500 includes an arc base plate 510, a front hinge seat 520 arranged on the lower end surface of the arc base plate 510 and hinged to the fixed blade assembly 400, a rear hinge seat 530 arranged on the lower end surface of the arc base plate 510, and a connecting pin 540 passing through the rear hinge seat 530 and hinged to the screw assembly 640. Specifically, the arc base plate 510, the mounting frame 100, the fixed blade assembly 400, and the movable blade assembly 200 enclose a conveying cavity. The arc base plate 510 is connected to the fixed blade assembly 400 via the front hinge seat 520 and is connected to the screw assembly 640 via the rear hinge seat 530 and the connecting pin, thereby forming a multi-link mechanism to achieve synchronous adjustment of the gap between the material conveying end of the arc base plate 510 and the movable blade assembly 200 when adjusting the gap between the movable and fixed blades. Optionally, a linear bearing 550 is disposed within the rear hinge seat 530 to ensure smooth and stable relative rotation between the screw assembly 640 and the arc bottom plate 510. It should be understood that the arc bottom plate 510 is the main conveying section of the conveying cavity, and a certain gap is left between the arc bottom plate 510 and the cutting arc surface 431 formed by the movable blade 220 of the movable blade assembly 200.

[0142] As shown in FIG8 , in this embodiment, the screw assembly 640 includes a connecting screw 641, a Y-shaped connector threadedly connected to the connecting screw 641 and hinged to the connecting pin 540, a locknut 643 threadedly connected to the connecting screw 641 and abutting the lower end of the Y-shaped connector, a hinge shaft 644 sleeved on the connecting screw 641 and hinged to the screw hinge seat 630, an upper limit nut disposed at a first end of the hinge shaft 644 and threadedly connected to the connecting screw 641, and a lower limit nut disposed at a second end of the hinge shaft 644 and threadedly connected to the connecting screw 641. Specifically, the connecting screw 641 is hinged to the connecting pin via the Y-shaped connector and further hinged to the arc bottom plate 510. The locknut 643 prevents the Y-shaped connector from loosening. The screw hinge seat 630 is hinged via the hinge shaft 644, and the upper limit nut and the lower limit nut are used to limit and fix the hinge shaft 644. It should be understood that when the gap between the arc base plate 510 and the movable blade assembly 200 is too large, the lower limit nut can be removed to move the connecting screw 641 upward relative to the hinge shaft 644, thereby lifting the arc base plate 510 and reducing the gap between the arc base plate 510 and the movable blade assembly 200. The lower limit nut can then be installed and the upper limit nut can be moved to limit and fix the hinge shaft 644, thereby achieving multi-level adjustment of the gap between the arc base plate 510 and the movable blade assembly 200. Optionally, the upper limit nut, the lower limit nut, and the lock nut 643 can be used in combination.

[0143] As shown in Figures 9 to 11, in this embodiment, the fixed blade assembly 400 includes a fixed blade mounting frame 410 hingedly connected to the pressing assembly 620 and the arc bottom plate 510, a fixed blade 420 arranged on the fixed blade mounting frame 410, and a wear wedge 430 detachably arranged on the end surface of the fixed blade mounting frame 410 facing the movable blade assembly 200. Specifically, the wear wedge 430, the arc bottom plate 510, the mounting frame 100, and the movable blade assembly 200 enclose a conveying cavity. The fixed blade mounting frame 410 reliably mounts the fixed blade 420 and the wear wedge 430. After the wear wedge 430 is worn, a good wear wedge 430 can be replaced to ensure a gap between the wear wedge 430 and the movable blade assembly 200. Optionally, the height of the material conveying end of the wear wedge 430 is higher than the height of the material input end of the arc bottom plate 510 to prevent the material conveyed from the wear wedge 430 from being blocked at the material input end of the arc bottom plate 510, resulting in poor material flow, increased power consumption, and in severe cases, even clogging the conveying cavity, causing the entire machine to stop operating. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the fixed blade mounting frame 410 optionally defines a wedge mounting hole 1 415, and the wear wedge 430 defines a wedge mounting hole 2 432 arranged corresponding to the wedge mounting hole 1 415. Bolts are inserted through the wedge mounting hole 1 415 and threadedly connected to the wedge mounting hole 2 432 to assemble the wear wedge 430 on the fixed blade mounting frame 410. It should be understood that when adjusting the gap, it is also necessary to adjust the gap between the wear wedge 430 and the movable blade assembly 200. Optionally, the end surface of the wear wedge 430 facing the movable knife assembly 200 is an arc surface 431 .

[0144] As shown in FIG11 , in this embodiment, the fixed blade assembly 400 further includes an adjustment pad 440 disposed between the fixed blade mounting bracket 410 and the wear wedge 430. Specifically, by disposing adjustment pads 440 of varying sizes between the fixed blade mounting bracket 410 and the wear wedge 430, the gap between the wear wedge 430 and the movable blade assembly 200 can be adjusted.

[0145] As shown in Figure 12, in this embodiment, the fixed knife mounting frame 410 includes a mounting frame body 411, a fixed knife hinge seat 412 arranged on the lower end portion of the mounting frame body 411 and hinged to the clamping assembly 620 for being arranged in the arc-shaped accommodating groove on the fixed knife support seat 610, a base plate hinge seat 413 arranged on the end surface of the mounting frame body 411 facing the arc base plate 510, and a connecting pin shaft 414 passing through the base plate hinge seat 413 and the front end hinge seat 520. Specifically, a setter hinge seat 412 is disposed on the mounting frame body 411, rotatably disposed within the arc-shaped receiving groove on the fixed blade support seat 610 via the fixed blade hinge seat 412 and the clamping assembly 620. The fixed blade is then connected to the arc-shaped base plate 510 via the base plate hinge seat 413 and the second connecting pin 414, thereby forming a multi-connection mechanism to achieve simultaneous adjustment of the gap between the material conveying end of the arc-shaped base plate 510 and the movable blade assembly 200 during adjustment of the gap between the movable and fixed blades. Optionally, the fixed blade support frame is recessed with an arc-shaped receiving groove for accommodating the fixed blade hinge seat 412. Optionally, the fixed blade hinge seat 412 is semi-cylindrical to match the shape of the arc-shaped receiving groove. Optionally, a radial fixing hole 416 is formed in the fixed blade mounting frame 410, which is threadedly connected to the base plate hinge seat 413 and radially abuts the second connecting pin 414.

[0146] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, in this embodiment, the adjustment assembly 300 includes a telescopic member 310 whose fixed end is hinged to the mounting frame 100, a connecting pin 320 hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic member 310, and an adjustment block 330 hinged to the connecting pin 320 and fixedly connected to the fixed blade mounting frame 410. Specifically, the telescopic end of the telescopic member 310 is extended and retracted to achieve a forward or backward push or pull action on the adjustment block 330 via the connecting pin 320, thereby achieving a forward or backward push or pull action on the fixed blade assembly 400, so that the fixed blade assembly 400 moves away from or closer to the movable blade assembly 200. Optionally, the telescopic member 310 is a linear motor, an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, or an electric push rod. Optionally, in one embodiment, the fixed blade 420 and the movable blade 220 form a cutting pair to cut the material delivered by the previous working component to a fixed length. To ensure a good cutting effect, the gap between the movable and fixed blades is generally controlled to be within 1 mm. Optionally, a telescopic hinge seat 110 is provided on the mounting frame 100 .

[0147] As shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment, the movable blade assembly 200 includes a cutter roller welded 210 rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 100, and a plurality of movable blades 220 spaced apart circumferentially around the cutter roller welded 210. Specifically, the rotation of the cutter roller welded 210 drives the plurality of movable blades 220 to rotate synchronously, thereby chopping and conveying the material. Optionally, the movable blades 220 are spaced apart in two rows along the axial direction of the cutter roller welded 210.

[0148] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the material conveying gap adjustment device of this embodiment has two-stage adjustment. When performing the first-stage adjustment, the telescopic end of the telescopic member 310 is retracted to pull the adjustment block 330 backward, thereby causing the fixed blade mounting frame 410 to rotate relative to the arc-shaped receiving groove of the fixed blade support seat 610 toward the direction close to the movable blade assembly 200, so that the fixed blade 420 on the fixed blade mounting frame 410 is moved closer to the movable blade 220 until the gap between the blade of the fixed blade 420 and the blade of the movable blade 220 is adjusted to an appropriate The value is reached, at which point the telescopic member 310 stops working, and as the fixed blade mounting bracket 410 rotates, the wear wedge 430 also synchronously moves closer to the movable blade 220, thereby reducing the gap between them. In addition, the screw assembly 640 swings relative to the screw hinge seat 630 toward the movable blade assembly 200, so that the material conveying end of the arc base plate 510 moves closer to the movable blade 220, thereby reducing the gap between them, completing the first-level adjustment and adjusting the actual cutting line 800 to the ideal cutting line 700. It should be understood that the first-level adjustment is applicable to situations where the fixed blade 420, movable blade 220, wear wedge 430, and arc base plate 510 have little wear. When the wear is large and the worn parts do not need to be disassembled and replaced, the second-level adjustment can be adopted. The telescopic end of the telescopic member 310 is extended to push the adjustment block 330 forward, thereby causing the fixed knife mounting bracket 410 to rotate relative to the arc-shaped receiving groove of the fixed knife support seat 610 in the direction away from the movable knife assembly 200, and the wear wedge 430 is synchronously moved in the direction away from the movable knife assembly 200 until there is enough operating space between the fixed knife mounting bracket 410 and the movable knife assembly 200. The telescopic member 310 stops working, and the bolts between the wear wedge 430 and the fixed knife mounting bracket 410 are loosened to create a gap between the wear wedge 430 and the fixed knife mounting bracket 410, thereby optionally After inserting the adjustment pads 440 of different specifications, the bolts can be tightened. At this time, the telescopic end of the telescopic member 310 is retracted to adjust the gaps between the fixed blade 420, the wear wedge 430 and the movable blade 220 to a suitable value. At the same time, the lower limit nut can be loosened so that the connecting screw 641 can move upward relative to the hinge shaft 644 to lift the arc bottom plate 510, increasing the distance between the connecting pin 540 and the hinge shaft 644. Then, the lower limit nut and the upper limit nut are tightened again, completing the gap adjustment between the movable blade 220 and the fixed blade 420, the wear wedge 430 and the arc bottom plate 510, thereby adjusting the actual cutting line 800 to the ideal cutting line 700. That is, the first-level adjustment and the second-level adjustment are suitable for different situations.It should be understood that the ideal cutting line 700 is the cutting line formed by the cutting edges of multiple moving blades 220 when the gap between the moving blade 220 and the fixed blade 420, the wear wedge 430, and the arc bottom plate 510 is at an ideal value during the shredding operation; the actual cutting line 800 is the cutting line formed by the cutting edges of multiple moving blades 220 after the moving blade 220, the fixed blade 420, the wear wedge 430, and the arc bottom plate 510 are worn.

[0149] The silo of this embodiment includes the aforementioned material conveying gap adjustment device. Specifically, by employing the aforementioned material conveying gap adjustment device in the silo, a good material cutting effect is ensured, material conveying is smooth, power loss of the entire machine is reduced, and the silo is highly practical, making it suitable for widespread promotion and application.

[0150] 14 to 17 , the silage machine of the present invention further includes a gap adjustment device for adjusting the gap of the grain crushing assembly 40 of the silage machine. The crushing assembly 40 includes a movable roller 17 and a fixed roller 18. The silage machine includes a first bearing seat 13 for mounting the movable roller 17 and a second bearing seat 120 for mounting the fixed roller 18. The line connecting the midpoint of the first bearing seat 13 and the midpoint of the second bearing seat 120 is used as the reference line (the Y axis shown in FIG17 ). A rotating shaft 12 is provided on one side of the first bearing seat 13. The rotating shaft 12 is parallel to the crushing assembly 40 and is located on the side of the first bearing seat 13 away from the reference line. The gap adjustment device includes:

[0151] The adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic adjustment member, a push rod 5, and an eccentric adjustment member 6 coaxially arranged at the end of the push rod 5. The push rod 5 is parallel to the crushing assembly 40 and arranged on one side of the crushing assembly 40. The eccentric adjustment member 6 has an eccentrically arranged output end. The telescopic adjustment member is arranged on one side of the push rod 5 and is drivingly connected to the push rod 5. The telescopic adjustment member is used to drive the push rod 5 to rotate by telescoping, thereby driving the output end of the eccentric adjustment member 6 to rotate about the axis of the push rod 5;

[0152] The connecting rod mechanism is used to respectively connect the output end of the eccentric adjusting member 6 and the side of the first bearing seat 13 away from the rotating shaft 12. The connecting rod mechanism is parallel to or tends to be parallel to the reference line, and is used to be driven by the adjusting mechanism to drive the first bearing seat 13 to rotate based on the rotating shaft 12, thereby adjusting the distance between the first bearing seat 13 and the second bearing seat 120, thereby adjusting the gap between the movable roller 17 and the fixed roller 18.

[0153] It can be understood that a frame 101 is provided outside the movable roller 17 and the fixed roller 18, and an opening is provided at the top of the frame 101 for materials to pass through. The first bearing seat 13 and the second bearing seat 120 are installed on the side wall of the frame 101. The first bearing seat 13 is provided at both ends of the movable roller 17, and the second bearing seat 120 is provided at both ends of the fixed roller 18. The eccentric adjustment parts 6 are provided at both ends of the push rod 5 and corresponding connecting rod mechanisms are provided respectively to realize coordinated adjustment of the two ends of the movable roller 17.

[0154] The working principle of this gap adjustment device is: by controlling the telescopic adjustment member arranged on one side of the push rod 5 to extend and retract to drive the push rod 5 to rotate within a preset range, thereby changing the circumferential position of the output end of the eccentric adjustment member 6 relative to the axis of the push rod 5, thereby driving the first bearing seat 13 through the connecting rod mechanism to make it away from the side of the rotating shaft 12 to swing based on the rotating shaft 12. The connecting rod mechanism is parallel or tends to be parallel to the reference line, so its swing arc also tends to coincide with the reference line, thereby driving the movable roller 17 to move to adjust the gap between the movable roller 17 and the fixed roller 18. This gap adjustment device realizes the gap adjustment between the movable roller 17 and the fixed roller 18 through a mechanical structure, realizes the adjustment of different feed amounts, and meets the crushing requirements under different working conditions. It has a simple structure, simple operation, and strong safety. Compared with the hydraulic drive method, it effectively reduces the structural cost, and realizes the synchronous adjustment of the position of the first bearing seat 13 at both ends of the movable roller 17 based on the push rod 5, effectively preventing the shaft tilt from damaging the bearing.

[0155] In this embodiment, the connecting rod mechanism includes a connecting member 7 and a connecting screw 8. The connecting member 7 is connected to the output end of the eccentric adjusting member 6. A connecting plate 71 is provided on the connecting member 7. The connecting screw 8 is passed through the connecting plate 71 and the first end of the connecting screw 8 is hinged to the side of the first bearing seat 13 away from the rotating shaft 12. The connecting member 7 is plate-shaped. The eccentric adjusting member 6 is an eccentric sleeve shaft sleeved on the end of the push rod 5, and axially limited by radially passing a top screw 19 through the eccentric sleeve shaft and the push rod 5. The output shaft at its output end is passed through the connecting member 7 and is rotatably connected to it. When the eccentric adjusting member 6 rotates, it can drive the connecting member 7 to move. By setting the connecting plate 71 and passing the connecting rod, the connecting rod is made parallel to the reference line, thereby realizing the transmission of the connecting rod mechanism.

[0156] In this embodiment, the gap adjustment device also includes a fine-tuning mechanism arranged between the connecting member 7 and the connecting screw 8, which is used to drive the movable roller 17 to reset after the movable roller 17 is forced away from the fixed roller 18. By setting up the fine-tuning mechanism, when the material passes through the grain crushing, if it exceeds the gap passing amount instantaneously, the gap between the movable and fixed rollers 18 will be increased. After the material passes through instantaneously, it returns to the original gap under the action of the fine-tuning mechanism, which can adapt to the instantaneous increase of the material and prevent material blockage.

[0157] Specifically, the fine-tuning mechanism includes a retaining ring 103 arranged at the second end of the connecting screw 8 and an elastic member 111 arranged between the connecting plate 71 and the retaining ring 103. The elastic member 111 is a compression spring. When the gap passing amount increases, the movable roller 17 is forced away from the fixed roller 18, and the first bearing seat 13 swings to drive the connecting screw 8 to move and compress the elastic member 111. After the material passes through, the elastic member 111 drives the connecting screw 8 to reset and then drives the movable roller 17 to reset.

[0158] Furthermore, a first limiting nut 9 is provided at the second end of the connecting screw 8, and a second limiting nut 16 is provided in the middle of the connecting screw 8. The second limiting nut 16 is used to abut against the side of the connecting plate 71 facing the movable roller 17. The first limiting nut 9 is used to limit the retaining ring 103 in the layout position of the connecting screw 8 and cooperate with the second limiting nut 16 to limit the layout position of the connecting screw 8 in the connecting plate 71 to adjust the compression amount of the elastic member 111. By adjusting the compression amount of the elastic member 111, the allowable increase amount of the gap can be adjusted, making the device more applicable.

[0159] In this embodiment, a hinge shaft 14 parallel to the rotating shaft 12 is provided on the side of the first bearing seat 13 away from the rotating shaft 12, and the first end of the connecting screw 8 is threadedly connected to the hinge shaft 14, and the connecting screw 8 is threadedly connected to the hinge shaft 14.

[0160] Specifically, the first end of the connecting screw 8 is threadedly connected to a third limiting nut 22, which is used to abut against the hinge shaft 14 to limit the connecting screw 8 from being screwed into the second end of the connecting screw 8 under the action of the fine-tuning mechanism, wherein a sleeve 15 is also provided between the third limiting nut 22 and the hinge shaft 14 for operation.

[0161] In this embodiment, the gap adjustment device includes an articulated seat 23 arranged on one side of the crushing assembly 40, and a push plate 51 is radially arranged on one side of the middle part of the push rod 5. The first end of the telescopic adjustment member is hinged to the push plate 51, and the second end of the telescopic adjustment member is hinged to the articulated seat 23. Specifically, the telescopic adjustment mechanism includes a first articulated screw rod 102, a wire tube 3 and a second articulated screw rod 4. The two ends of the wire tube 3 are threadedly connected to the first articulated screw rod 102 and the second articulated screw rod 4 respectively. The free end of the first articulated screw rod 102 is articulated to the push plate 51, and the free end of the second articulated screw rod 4 is articulated to the articulated seat 23. A force groove is provided on the wire tube 3, which is convenient for embedding tools such as wrenches to apply force and rotate to adjust the distance between the two ends of the telescopic adjustment member to achieve telescopic adjustment. When the telescopic drive push plate 51 rotates, it rotates adaptively based on the hinge points at both ends. It has a simple structure, simple operation, and easy disassembly and assembly.

[0162] In this embodiment, the gap adjustment device also includes a limiting mechanism arranged between the first bearing seat 13 and the second bearing seat 120, which is used to limit the minimum gap between the first bearing seat 13 and the second bearing seat 120. The limiting mechanism is a limiting screw 21, which is threadedly connected to the first bearing seat 13 or the second bearing seat 120. By adjusting the effective length of the limiting screw 21, the movable roller 17 and the fixed roller 18 are prevented from colliding, thereby avoiding interference and damage.

[0163] The silage machine 1 can identify the degree of seed crushing during operation through the above-mentioned control method, and can adjust the shredding component in real time through the above-mentioned material conveying gap adjustment device according to the degree of seed crushing, thereby realizing the simultaneous adjustment of the gap between the movable knife component and the fixed knife component, as well as the gap between the material output end of the bottom plate component and the movable knife component, thereby ensuring the cutting effect of the material, and can adjust the crushing component 40 of the silage machine in real time through the gap adjustment device according to the degree of seed crushing, so that the rotation speed of the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17 and the gap between the fixed roller 18 and the movable roller 17 can be adjusted, thereby changing the crushing effect of the crushing component 40 on the grains, so that the silage machine has better energy consumption.

[0164] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A silage machine, characterized in that: It includes a header assembly, a feeding assembly, a shredding assembly, a crushing assembly, a throwing barrel, a processor and a controller; the header assembly, the feeding assembly, the shredding assembly, the crushing assembly and the throwing barrel are connected in sequence, an image acquisition device is arranged in the throwing barrel, and the image acquisition device, the crushing assembly and the controller are in communication connection with the processor; Wherein, the image acquisition device is used to obtain the image of the material after the silage machine is crushed, and send the image to the processor; The processor is used to identify the grain image in the image and calculate the proportion of complete grains in the grain image; The processor is also used to compare the proportion of complete grains in the grain image with a preset proportion, and send the comparison result to the controller; The controller is used to send a control instruction to the crushing component based on the comparison result to adjust the crushing component.

2. The silage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating the proportion of intact grains in the grain image comprises: Acquire a complete grain image and a broken grain image in the grain image; The number of the complete grain images and the number of the broken grain images are counted, and the number of the complete grains is divided by the sum of the number of the complete grain images and the number of the broken grain images to obtain the proportion of complete grains in the grain images.

3. The silage machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The obtaining of the complete grain image and the broken grain image in the grain image comprises: Acquire size parameters of the seed image in a first direction and a second direction; Comparing the size parameters of the seed image in the first direction and the second direction with the size parameters of the preset complete seed image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction; If any one of the size parameters of the grain image in the first direction and the second direction is smaller than any one of the size parameters of the preset complete grain image in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, the grain image is a broken grain image.

4. The silage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a fixed roller and a movable roller arranged opposite to each other; and sending a control instruction to the crushing assembly based on the comparison result to adjust the crushing assembly includes: If the proportion of intact grains in the grain image is greater than a preset proportion, reducing the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller, and / or increasing the roller speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller; If the proportion of complete grains in the grain image is less than a preset proportion, the gap between the fixed roller and the movable roller is increased, and / or the roller speed difference between the fixed roller and the movable roller is reduced.

5. The silage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a material conveying gap adjustment device, which includes a mounting frame, a moving knife assembly rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, an adjusting assembly hinged to the mounting frame, a fixed knife assembly hinged to the adjusting assembly, a bottom plate assembly arranged below the moving knife assembly and hinged to the fixed knife assembly at a material input end, and used to enclose the mounting frame, the moving knife assembly, and the fixed knife assembly to form a conveying cavity, and a connecting rod assembly arranged on the mounting frame and hinged to the fixed knife assembly and the bottom plate assembly, respectively, wherein the fixed knife assembly is driven to rotate in a direction close to the moving knife assembly or in a direction away from the moving knife assembly through the adjusting assembly, and the connecting rod assembly is used to synchronously drive the material output end of the bottom plate assembly to move in a direction close to the moving knife assembly when the adjusting assembly drives the fixed knife assembly to rotate in a direction close to the moving knife assembly, or synchronously drive the material output end of the bottom plate assembly to move in a direction away from the moving knife assembly when the adjusting assembly drives the fixed knife assembly to rotate in a direction away from the moving knife assembly.

6. The silage machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly includes a fixed knife support seat arranged on the mounting frame for rotatably supporting the fixed knife assembly, a pressing assembly hinged to the fixed knife assembly and elastically connected to the fixed knife support seat for elastically pressing the fixed knife assembly onto the fixed knife support seat, a screw rod hinge seat connected to the fixed knife support seat, and a screw rod assembly hinged to the screw rod hinge seat and the base plate assembly respectively; The bottom plate assembly includes an arc bottom plate, a front end hinge seat arranged on the lower end surface of the arc bottom plate and hinged to the fixed knife assembly, a rear end hinge seat arranged on the lower end surface of the arc bottom plate, and a connecting pin shaft 1 passing through the rear end hinge seat and hinged to the screw assembly; The screw assembly includes a connecting screw, a Y-shaped connecting piece threadedly connected to the connecting screw and hinged to a connecting pin, a locking nut threadedly connected to the connecting screw and abutting against the lower end of the Y-shaped connecting piece, an articulated shaft sleeved on the connecting screw and hinged to a screw articulated seat, an upper limit nut arranged at the first end of the articulated shaft and threadedly connected to the connecting screw, and a lower limit nut arranged at the second end of the articulated shaft and threadedly connected to the connecting screw.

7. The silage machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed knife assembly comprises a fixed knife mounting frame hinged to the pressing assembly and the arc bottom plate respectively, a fixed knife blade arranged on the fixed knife mounting frame, and a wear wedge detachably arranged on the end surface of the fixed knife mounting frame facing the movable knife assembly; The fixed knife assembly also includes an adjustment pad arranged between the fixed knife mounting frame and the wear wedge; The fixed knife mounting frame includes a mounting frame body, a fixed knife hinge seat arranged on the lower end of the mounting frame body and hinged to the clamping assembly for being arranged in an arc-shaped accommodating groove on the fixed knife support seat, a base plate hinge seat arranged on the end surface of the mounting frame body facing the arc base plate, and a connecting pin shaft 2 passing through the base plate hinge seat and the front end hinge seat.

8. The silage machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a telescopic member whose fixed end is hinged to the mounting frame, a connecting pin shaft three hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and an adjustment block hinged to the connecting pin shaft three and fixedly connected to the fixed knife mounting frame; The adjustment component comprises a telescopic member whose fixed end is hinged to the mounting frame, a connecting pin shaft three hinged to the telescopic end of the telescopic member, and an adjustment block hinged to the connecting pin shaft three and fixedly connected to the fixed knife mounting frame.

9. The silage machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a gap adjustment device for adjusting the gap of the grain crushing assembly of the silage machine, the crushing assembly includes a movable roller and a fixed roller respectively, the silage machine includes a first bearing seat for mounting the movable roller and a second bearing seat for mounting the fixed roller, and a line connecting the midpoint of the first bearing seat and the midpoint of the second bearing seat is used as a reference line, characterized in that a rotating shaft is provided on one side of the first bearing seat, the rotating shaft is parallel to the crushing assembly and is located on the side of the first bearing seat away from the reference line, and the gap adjustment device includes: The adjusting mechanism comprises a telescopic adjusting member, a push rod and an eccentric adjusting member coaxially arranged at the end of the push rod, the push rod is parallel to the crushing assembly and arranged on one side of the crushing assembly, the eccentric adjusting member has an eccentrically arranged output end, the telescopic adjusting member is arranged on one side of the push rod and is drivingly connected to the push rod, the telescopic adjusting member is used to drive the push rod to rotate through telescoping, thereby driving the output end of the eccentric adjusting member to rotate around the axis of the push rod; A connecting rod mechanism is used to respectively connect the output end of the eccentric adjusting member and the side of the first bearing seat away from the rotating shaft. The connecting rod mechanism is parallel to or tends to be parallel to the reference line, and is used to be driven by the adjusting mechanism to drive the first bearing seat to rotate based on the rotating shaft to adjust the distance between the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, thereby adjusting the gap between the movable roller and the fixed roller.

10. A control method for a silage machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: include: adjusting a header assembly, a feeding assembly, a chopping assembly, a crushing assembly, a throwing barrel, a processor and a controller of a silage machine, and performing a harvesting operation by means of the silage machine; Get images of materials after silage machine crushing; Identifying a grain image in the image, and calculating the proportion of complete grains in the grain image; comparing the proportion of complete grains in the grain image with a preset proportion; The chopping assembly and the crushing assembly of the silage machine are adjusted based on the comparison results.

Images