Planting bag

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a planting bag having a rainwater outflow delay function, that is, a slow water drainage function so as to enable use in disaster prevention with respect to a concentrated deluge in a short period of time. [Solution] A planting bag 100 in which soil 7 is stored inside a bag material comprising: a front member 1 made of a first nonwoven fabric; and a double-layer back member 2 composed of an inner member 21 made of the first nonwoven fabric and an external member 22 made of a second nonwoven fabric. A plant 8 is planted in the planting bag through an opening 6 provided on the front member 1 side. The water permeability of the front member 1 and that of the back member 2 are different, and the water permeability of the back member 2 is lower than that of the front member 1.

Description

planting bag

[0001] The present invention relates to a planting bag, and more particularly to a planting bag having a water-retarding function that delays the outflow of rainwater during a short-term, concentrated downpour such as a sudden downpour.

[0002] The applicant of the present application is engaged in a business for rooftop greening and slope greening, as described in Non-Patent Document 1, and specifically, is engaged in a business that utilizes planting bags, as described in Patent Document 1.

[0003] However, due to the progress of global warming, there has been a significant increase in the number of short-term torrential rains, so-called "guerrilla downpours," and this frequency is expected to increase further. In order to prevent disasters caused by such short-term torrential rains, for example, in urban areas, the construction of "regulating ponds" as described in Non-Patent Document 2 is being promoted.

[0004] Also, although not such large-scale "regulating ponds" in urban areas, there is also known something called "paddy field storage" as described in Non-Patent Document 3. Furthermore, in urban areas, there is also "schoolyard storage" as described in Non-Patent Document 4, where rainwater is temporarily stored in schoolyards, parks, etc. These measures are intended to temporarily delay the amount of water flowing into rivers within the catchment area.

[0005] The idea of ​​temporarily delaying the inflow volume in this way is not only applicable to the locations and scales described in Non-Patent Documents 2 to 4, but also to rooftop and slope greening sites, where temporary delays in rainwater runoff are thought to be effective in terms of flood disaster prevention. In particular, in urban areas where there are no rice paddies and there is a lot of paved land, it is thought that effectively utilizing the rooftops of buildings and factories to delay the runoff of rainwater even for a few tens of minutes would be extremely effective, as it would delay the concentrated inflow into drainage channels.

[0006] Japanese Patent No. 4911418 Japanese Patent No. 2736011 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-90077

[0007] Fujita Corporation, a seed company specializing in evergreen chevrons, website [searched July 31, 2023], internet: https: / / fujita-pp.com / ; Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Bureau of Construction, River Department, "Regulation ponds" to protect the lives and livelihoods of Tokyo residents from heavy rain [searched July 31, 2023], internet: https: / / www.koho.metro.tokyo.lg.jp / 2020 / 08 / 08.html; Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, "Considerations on rice paddy storage (rice paddy dams)" [searched July 31, 2023], internet: https: / / www.thr.mlit.go.jp / iwate / bousai / sonae / chisui_pjt / data03 / 04.pdf]; Hyogo Prefectural Government Regarding the development of schoolyard storage facilities [searched July 31, 2023], Internet: https: / / web.pref.hyogo.lg.jp / nhk09 / sougoutisuikeikaku / documents / 1kakogawa-8.pdf

[0008] However, the planting bags currently being handled by the applicant of this application, such as those disclosed in Patent Document 1, do not currently have the concept of delaying the runoff of rainwater, and have not yet been effectively used to temporarily delay the runoff of rainwater in rooftop greening on buildings and factories. Also known as planting bags similar to those disclosed in Patent Document 1 are the greening sandbags disclosed in Patent Document 2 and the planting sandbags disclosed in Patent Document 3.

[0009] The greening sandbags in Patent Document 2 have a water-permeable surface and a water-impermeable backing. However, because the backing is water-impermeable, the water that accumulates inside the sandbags does not flow out, which can cause root rot in plants.

[0010] Furthermore, the planting soil bag of Patent Document 3 is designed to have water-retaining properties in the back substrate. However, once water is retained, the water remains in the back substrate for a long period of time, which causes root rot, as in Patent Document 2. Furthermore, the period until the retained water dries is greatly affected by the season, outside temperature, etc., so the period during which the water disappears is not stable. For example, if a sudden downpour occurs in the evening for two consecutive days, the water from the heavy rain on the first day may still be retained, and it is quite possible that the soil bag will not function as a temporary runoff delay.

[0011] In other words, neither Patent Document 2 nor Patent Document 3 has the function of delaying the outflow of rainwater from the planting bag in terms of preventing disasters caused by torrential rain. The object of the present invention is to provide a planting bag that has the function of delaying the outflow of rainwater, i.e., water-retarding function, so that it can be used for disaster prevention against torrential rain in a short period of time.

[0012] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the planting bag of the present invention is a planting bag in which soil is contained inside a bag material consisting of a front member and a back member, and a plant is planted through an opening provided on the front member side, characterized in that the front member and the back member have different water permeabilities, and the back member has lower water permeability than the front member.

[0013] The backing material has low permeability, so when a large amount of rainwater flows onto the planting bag, the water temporarily pools inside the bag and then slowly drains away. In other words, the outflow of rainwater from the planting bag is delayed, and the planting bag has a water-retarding function.

[0014] In addition, in the planting bag of the present invention, the front and back members preferably have a first nonwoven fabric made of the same material, and the back member preferably has, together with the first nonwoven fabric, a second nonwoven fabric having lower water permeability than the first nonwoven fabric. Because the same first nonwoven fabric is used for the front and back members, manufacturing costs can be reduced, and the front and back members can also be constructed by folding a single member during manufacturing.

[0015] In addition, in the planting bag of the present invention, the second nonwoven fabric of the backing member is preferably provided on the outside of the first nonwoven fabric of the backing member, so that the first nonwoven fabric constituting the backing member functions as a filter for the soil inside, thereby preventing clogging of the second nonwoven fabric with soil.

[0016] In the planting bag of the present invention, the first and second nonwoven fabrics of the backing member are preferably fixed together. When the backing member is double-layered, it is possible to simply place the inner fabric on top of the outer fabric, but by fixing the second nonwoven fabric to the first nonwoven fabric, the first and second nonwoven fabrics do not shift when putting soil into the bag or when placing plants inside.

[0017] 1A is a perspective view showing the state of use of the planting bag of this embodiment, and B is a cross-sectional view along the fastener of A. 1A is an image showing an experiment to compare and measure the hydraulic permeability of the planting bag of this embodiment and a conventional planting bag, and B is a table showing the experimental results of A.

[0018] Hereinafter, a mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments shown below are not intended to limit the present invention to those described herein, and the present invention is equally applicable to various modifications without departing from the technical idea set forth in the claims. Note that in each drawing used for explanation in this specification, each component is shown at a different scale so that each component can be recognized on the drawing, and is not necessarily shown in proportion to its actual size.

[0019] [Embodiment] The configuration of the main parts of a planting bag 100 of this embodiment will be described using Figure 1. The planting bag 100 is a bag in which soil 7 is filled and a plant 8 is grown, and is placed on a rooftop, roof, slope, etc. As shown in Figure 1, the planting bag 100 comprises a front member 1 made of a first nonwoven fabric, a double backing member 2 made of an inner member 21 made of the first nonwoven fabric and an outer member 22 made of a second nonwoven fabric, a zipper 3 provided on the front member 1, and a stitch (seam) 4 that sews the front member 1 and the backing member 2 together.

[0020] Although not shown, the planting bag 100 may have holes reinforced with grommets or fastening parts made of strings, hooks, etc. at the four corners, and these fastening parts may be used to secure the planting bag 100.

[0021] Next, a method for manufacturing the planting bag 100 will be described. First, two sheets that will become the front member 1 and the inner member 21 of the back member 2 are cut out from a large first nonwoven fabric, and one sheet that will become the outer member 22 of the back member 2 is cut out from a large second nonwoven fabric. In this embodiment, all three nonwoven fabrics are the same size, specifically, squares of approximately 50 cm x 50 cm.

[0022] Then, the first nonwoven fabric inner member 21 and the second nonwoven fabric outer member 22 are sewn together to produce the double backing member 2. The first nonwoven fabric outer member 1 is divided into three parts, and fasteners 3 are attached to the divided outer members 1 to produce a single outer member 1 as shown in Figure 1A.

[0023] Finally, the outer and inner members 1 and 2 are sewn together to form a bag capable of containing soil 7, completing the planting bag 100 of this embodiment. The completed planting bag is then used with soil 7 contained therein, as shown in Figure 1. The soil 7 may be black soil, Kanuma soil, bark, fertilizer, or other mixtures that are actually used.

[0024] In this embodiment, the three sheets of nonwoven fabric constituting the front member 1 and the back member 2 are all fixed together by sewing, but other methods such as adhesion using an adhesive or welding may also be used.

[0025] Also, for example, it is possible to cut the inner member 21 slightly smaller than the outer member 22 and simply place it on the outer member 22 without sewing them together. However, in this embodiment, the inner member 21 and the outer member 22 are fixed to each other, so that the inner member 21 does not shift when putting soil 7 inside the bag material, planting plants, or carrying the planting bag 100.

[0026] In this embodiment, the same first nonwoven fabric is used for the front member 1 and the back member 2, so that the front member 1 and the back member 2 can be efficiently extracted from one large piece of first nonwoven fabric, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. Also, the front member 1 and the inner material 21 for the back member 2 can be formed by folding one wide piece of first nonwoven fabric (50 cm x 100 cm in the size of this embodiment) during manufacturing.

[0027] The material for the front member 1 and back member 2 that make up the planting bag 100 is preferably a nonwoven fabric that is water permeable, breathable, and weather resistant. Examples of such materials include polypropylene multilayer spunbond, aramid fiber, glass fiber, cellulose fiber, nylon fiber, vinylon fiber, polyester fiber, polyolefin fiber, and rayon fiber.

[0028] As noted in Non-Patent Document 1, the conventional planting bags provided by the inventors only use the same nonwoven fabric for the front and backing members. Therefore, the water permeability of the front and backing members is the same. However, in the planting bag 100 of this embodiment, the nonwoven fabric is selected so that the water permeability of the backing member 2 is lower than that of the front member 1.

[0029] Water permeability means the ability to pass water through. The air permeability (cc / cm), which is often used to express the physical properties of nonwoven fabrics, is an objective measure of water permeability. ２ ・sec) and hydraulic conductivity (cm / sec) can be used.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first nonwoven fabric, which is the fabric of the inner material 21 of the front member 1 and the back member 2, is Axtar (registered trademark) Mantle (registered trade name) G2150BK manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. The air permeability of this first nonwoven fabric is 30 (cc / cm ２ sec), and the hydraulic conductivity is 1.0 × 10 －２ (cm / sec).

[0031] The second nonwoven fabric, which is the fabric of the outer member 22 of the backing member 2, is Axtar (registered trademark) PF N2090-6S manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. The air permeability of this second nonwoven fabric is 9 (cc / cm ２ ・sec).

[0032] As described above, when comparing the air permeability, the second nonwoven fabric has lower water permeability than the first nonwoven fabric. In other words, the second nonwoven fabric is more difficult to pass water through. Therefore, in a planting bag 100 using the first nonwoven fabric for the front member 1, the first nonwoven fabric for the inner material 21 of the backing member 2, and the second nonwoven fabric for the outer material 22 of the backing member 2, the front member 1 and the backing member 2 have different water permeabilities, and the backing member 2, which has the second nonwoven fabric, has lower water permeability than the front member 1. Therefore, the planting bag 100 is more difficult to pass water through on the backing member 2 side.

[0033] The fasteners 3 are made of resin that is corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant, and as shown in Figure 1, they have three pairs of right and left sliders 3R and 3L that face each other, with two sets of fasteners 3 attached to the front member 1 of the planting bag 100. By sliding the right slider 3R and the left slider 3L apart, an opening 6 is formed between the right slider 3R and the left slider 3L. This allows the user to adjust the size and position of the opening 6 as desired.

[0034] It is possible to change the design of the number of pairs of right sliders 3R and left sliders 3L and the number of sets of fasteners 3. Furthermore, the opening 6 is not limited to being formed using fasteners 3, and for example, the opening may be formed by cutting the front member 1 with a cutter, and after planting, the excess cut edge may be sealed with a sheet or gel-like substance.

[0035] The results of the slow-watering function of the planting bag 100 of this embodiment and a conventional planting bag will be described below. Figure 2A is an image of the experimental scene, and Figure 2B is a table showing the experimental results.

[0036] In the experiment, the same amount of soil 7 was placed in both the planting bag 100 of this embodiment and a conventional planting bag 200 whose backing member 2 was made of only the same first nonwoven fabric as the front member 1. Then, although not shown, both bags were simultaneously submerged in a container filled with water for about 5 minutes until the water had completely permeated the bag. Then, each bag was simultaneously placed on the liquid collection tray T1.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2A, the collection trays T1 were placed on the respective weighing scales T2, allowing the weights of the planting bags 100 and 200 to be measured. The water that permeated through the planting bags 100 and 200 was collected by the collection trays T1 and poured into the respective measuring cups T3. Through such experiments, the permeability of the planting bag 100 of this embodiment was compared with that of the conventional planting bag 200.

[0038] Figure 2B shows an example of the results of an experiment conducted as shown in Figure 2A. The weight of the conventional planting bag 200 stopped changing after 5 minutes. On the other hand, the weight of the planting bag 100 of this embodiment continued to decrease by 0.01 kg per minute after 10 minutes, and this decrease continued until about 60 minutes had passed. Thus, the planting bag 100 of this embodiment was able to delay spillage compared to the conventional planting bag 200.

[0039] In this experiment, both the planting bag 100 and the planting bag 200 contained soil 7, simulating the state in which they are actually used. Therefore, naturally, the soil 7 inside also causes a delay in outflow. For this reason, the planting bag 200 continued to outflow for about 5 minutes from the start, but without the soil 7, the air permeability (30 cc / cm) of the first nonwoven fabric, Axter Mantle (registered trademark) G2150BK, would have been too low. ２ sec), hydraulic conductivity (1.0 × 10 －２ cm / sec), the water will flow out without remaining inside the bag material.

[0040] On the other hand, in the planting bag 100 of this embodiment, even when there is no soil 7, the air permeability of the second nonwoven fabric, Axtar (registered trademark) PF N2090-6S, is 9 cc / cm ２ If the water retention time is 1.5 seconds, the water will remain inside the bag and flow out little by little, which will allow for a sufficient delay in the outflow, i.e., slow-flow. Since torrential rain often ends in about 10 or 20 minutes, slowing down the water for several tens of minutes to an hour is sufficient to achieve the water-slowing function aimed at by this invention.

[0041] As described above, in the planting bag 100 of this embodiment, the backing member 2 has a lower water permeability than the front member 1, so when a large amount of rainwater flows onto the planting bag, the water temporarily accumulates inside the planting bag 100 and then slowly flows out. In other words, the outflow of rainwater is delayed in the planting bag, which does not cause root rot, and the planting bag has a water-retarding function.

[0042] In addition, the backing member 2 of the planting bag 100 of this embodiment is configured so that the inner member 21 has a higher water permeability than the outer member 22, so that the first nonwoven fabric of the inner member 21 functions as a filter for the soil 7, thereby preventing clogging of the second nonwoven fabric, which is the outer member 22, with the soil 7.

[0043] In this embodiment, in order to achieve different water permeabilities between the front member 1 and the back member 2, the first nonwoven fabric is used as the inner material 21 of the front member 1 and the back member 2, and the second nonwoven fabric is used as the outer material 22 of the back member 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and other configurations may also be adopted.

[0044] For example, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the front member 1 is a first nonwoven fabric and the back member 2 is simply a second nonwoven fabric. In this embodiment, G2150BK of Axstar (registered trademark) Mantle (registered trade name) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. is used as the first nonwoven fabric, and N2090-6S of Axstar (registered trade name) PF manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. is used as the second nonwoven fabric. However, even though G2260BK of Axstar (registered trademark) Mantle (registered trade name) manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. is thicker than G2150BK, it has a lower air permeability (10 cc / cm ２ sec), hydraulic conductivity (0.8 × 10 －２ The water permeability is low (cm / sec). Therefore, as in the case of using G2260BK for the backing member 2, it is possible to adopt a method of realizing different water permeabilities by utilizing the difference in water permeability depending on the thickness of the same material. Naturally, nonwoven fabrics other than those manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., as exemplified above, may also be used.

[0045] In addition, although the present embodiment uses a nonwoven fabric, the present invention is not necessarily limited to nonwoven fabric. For example, a structure in which a vinyl sheet with an appropriate number of fine holes is further attached to the backing member of the conventional planting bag 200 shown in Figure 2 can be adopted.

[0046] In this embodiment, the planting bag 100 is square as shown in Figure 1A, but the shape is not limited to this. For example, it may be a long, narrow rectangular bag that is installed in the valley of a so-called folded-plate roof. Furthermore, when installing such a rectangular planting bag on a folded-plate roof, there is a possibility that water may leak from the front member side in the area below the slope of the roof, so the back member may be extended.

[0047] In addition, in this embodiment, the backing member 2 is configured such that the inner member 21 uses the same first nonwoven fabric as the front member 1, and the outer member 22 uses a second nonwoven fabric different from that of the front member 1. However, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the inner member 2 uses a second nonwoven fabric different from that of the front member 1, and the outer member 22 uses the same first nonwoven fabric as that of the front member 1. This configuration not only gives the planting bag a natural appearance because it appears as if the bag material is made of the same first nonwoven fabric, but also ensures that the front and back sides have the same strength against external friction during use.

[0048] Furthermore, although the backing member 2 of this embodiment has a double structure consisting of an inner member 21 and an outer member 22, the present invention is not limited to a double structure. Furthermore, a triple or quadruple structure with overlapping members may also be employed. The front member 1 may also have a multi-layer structure. Furthermore, the planting bag of the present invention may also have a side member with low permeability between the front member 1 and the backing member 2. Furthermore, the effects of the present invention are not limited to slowing down water during sudden heavy rainfall, but are also effective in enabling cultivation in areas with little rainfall.

[0049] 100, 200: Planting bag 1: Outer member 2: Backing member 21: Inner member 22: Outer member 3: Zipper 4: Stitching 6: Opening 7: Soil

Claims

1. A planting bag in which soil is placed inside a bag material consisting of a front member and a back member, and a plant is planted through an opening provided on the front member side, wherein the front member and the back member have different hydraulic permeability, and the back member has a lower hydraulic permeability than the front member.

2. The planting bag described in claim 1, characterized in that the front member and the back member have a first nonwoven fabric made of the same material, and the back member has, together with the first nonwoven fabric, a second nonwoven fabric having lower water permeability than the first nonwoven fabric.

3. The planting bag according to claim 2, characterized in that the second nonwoven fabric of the backing member is provided outside the first nonwoven fabric of the backing member.

4. The planting bag according to claim 2, characterized in that the first nonwoven fabric and the second nonwoven fabric of the backing member are fixed together.

Images