Display substrate and manufacturing method therefor, and display device

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and provides a display substrate and a manufacturing method therefor, and a display device. The display substrate comprises: a driving substrate; a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate; a packaging layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting units; and a black matrix structure located on the side of the packaging layer away from the driving substrate, wherein the black matrix structure comprises at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged in a light-emitting direction of the light-emitting units, and the first black matrix patterns extend in a first direction. In the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting units, the orthographic projection of an opening area of the light-emitting units on the driving substrate is located in an area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located in an area defined by the orthographic projection of the first black matrix pattern of the subsequent layer on the driving substrate. According to the present disclosure, a display device can have different visual angles in different directions.

Description

Display substrate, manufacturing method thereof, and display device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311110229.6 filed in China on August 30, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. Background Art

[0004] OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display devices have been listed as a highly promising next-generation display technology due to their advantages such as thinness, lightness, wide viewing angle, active luminescence, continuously adjustable luminous color, low cost, fast response speed, low energy consumption, low driving voltage, wide operating temperature range, simple production process, high luminous efficiency and flexible display.

[0005] In the related art, an OLED display device has the same viewing angle in different directions on the light-emitting side. However, in some scenarios, the OLED display device is required to have different viewing angles in different directions.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a display substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device, which can enable the display device to have different viewing angles in different directions.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:

[0009] In one aspect, a display substrate is provided, comprising:

[0010] Driver substrate;

[0011] A plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate;

[0012] an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit;

[0013] a black matrix structure located on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the drive substrate, the black matrix structure comprising at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along a light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the first black matrix patterns extending along a first direction;

[0014] Along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the next layer on the driving substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the black matrix structure includes three layers of the first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the black matrix structure further includes:

[0017] At least one layer of a second black matrix pattern is sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the second black matrix pattern extends along a second direction, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the second direction intersects the first direction, and the number of layers of the second black matrix pattern is less than the number of layers of the first black matrix pattern.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the black matrix structure includes three layers of the first black matrix patterns and one layer of the second black matrix pattern sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first black matrix pattern of the first layer and the second black matrix pattern of the first layer are located on the same layer, the first black matrix pattern of the first layer and the second black matrix pattern of the first layer define a first area, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first area on the driving substrate.

[0021] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes:

[0022] The color filter layer covers the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer on the driving substrate.

[0023] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes:

[0024] a first refractive index layer covering the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the second layer, wherein the first refractive index layer is located on a side of the outermost first black matrix pattern close to the drive substrate;

[0025] The second refractive index layer is located on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the driving substrate, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer.

[0026] In some embodiments, the slope angle of the side surface of the first refractive index layer is less than 50°.

[0027] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the color filter layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first refractive index layer on the driving substrate.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first refractive index layer includes a plurality of prism portions arranged in an array, and adjacent prism portions are disposed closely together.

[0029] In some embodiments, the prism portion is hemispherical.

[0030] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes:

[0031] a retaining wall structure located on a side of the color filter layer away from the driving substrate, the retaining wall structure defining a second area, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate being located within the orthographic projection of the second area on the driving substrate, and the retaining wall structure being located on a side of the outermost layer of the first black matrix pattern close to the driving substrate;

[0032] The third refractive index layer is located on a side of the retaining wall structure away from the driving substrate, and the refractive index of the retaining wall structure is greater than the refractive index of the third refractive index layer.

[0033] In some embodiments, the longitudinal section of the retaining wall structure perpendicular to its own extension direction is trapezoidal.

[0034] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes:

[0035] a fourth refractive index layer located on a side of the color filter layer away from the drive substrate, wherein the fourth refractive index layer is located on a side of the outermost layer of the first black matrix pattern close to the drive substrate;

[0036] A fifth refractive index layer is located on a side of the fourth refractive index layer away from the driving substrate, and a refractive index of the fifth refractive index layer is greater than a refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer.

[0037] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the color filter layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the fourth refractive index layer on the driving substrate;

[0038] An orthographic projection of the fourth refractive index layer on the driving substrate is located within an orthographic projection of the fifth refractive index layer on the driving substrate.

[0039] In some embodiments, the fourth refractive index layer includes a first part and a second part stacked in sequence in a direction away from the driving substrate, the first part has an inverted trapezoidal cross-section in a direction perpendicular to the driving substrate, and the second part has a trapezoidal cross-section in a direction perpendicular to the driving substrate.

[0040] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes:

[0041] A sixth refractive index layer is provided on the same layer as the first portion and surrounds the first portion, wherein the refractive index of the sixth refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first portion.

[0042] In some embodiments, the lower base angle of the trapezoid is less than 50°.

[0043] In some embodiments, the display substrate further includes:

[0044] a seventh refractive index layer located between two adjacent layers of the first black matrix patterns;

[0045] A transparent barrier wall extending along the first direction, wherein the refractive index of the transparent barrier wall is less than the refractive index of the seventh refractive index layer, the transparent barrier wall is located on both sides of the opening area, and / or the transparent barrier wall is located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern.

[0046] In some embodiments, the transparent retaining wall comprises:

[0047] A first layer of transparent barrier walls respectively located on both sides of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit;

[0048] a second layer of transparent barrier walls respectively located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer;

[0049] A third layer of transparent blocking walls is respectively located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the second layer.

[0050] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device including the display substrate described above.

[0051] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for manufacturing a display substrate, comprising:

[0052] Provide a drive substrate;

[0053] forming a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate;

[0054] forming an encapsulation layer on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit;

[0055] A black matrix structure is formed on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the driving substrate, wherein the black matrix structure includes at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, and the first black matrix patterns extend along a first direction;

[0056] Among them, along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the next layer on the driving substrate.

[0057] The embodiments of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects:

[0058] In the above scheme, at least two layers of first black matrix patterns are arranged on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, and the first black matrix patterns extend along the first direction. The light emitted by the light-emitting unit and intersecting with the first direction will be blocked by the first black matrix pattern, thereby narrowing the viewing angle in the direction intersecting with the first direction, so that the light-emitting unit has different viewing angles in the first direction and other directions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the viewing angle requirements of in-vehicle display products in different directions;

[0060] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED display substrate in the related art;

[0061] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an OLED display substrate in the related art viewed from different directions;

[0062] FIG4 is a schematic top view of an OLED display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] 5 to 16 are schematic cross-sectional views of OLED display substrates according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0064] Reference numerals

[0065] 1 red subpixel

[0066] 2 green sub-pixels

[0067] 3 Black Matrix Structure

[0068] 4 blue sub-pixels

[0069] 01 Driver board

[0070] 02 Anode

[0071] 03 Pixel-Defined Layer

[0072] 04 Luminous layer

[0073] 05 Cathode

[0074] 06 First Inorganic Thin Film

[0075] 07 Organic Film

[0076] 08 Second Inorganic Thin Film

[0077] 09 Polarizer

[0078] 101 First layer black matrix

[0079] 102 Second layer black matrix

[0080] 103 The third layer of black matrix

[0081] 11 Flat layer

[0082] 12 color filter layers

[0083] 13. First refractive index layer

[0084] 141 First high refractive index layer

[0085] 142 Second high refractive index layer

[0086] 144 The third high refractive index layer

[0087] 131 Prism Department

[0088] 132 First low refractive index layer

[0089] 133 Second low refractive index layer

[0090] 143 retaining wall structure

[0091] 134 Part 1

[0092] 135 Part 2

[0093] 112 first film layer

[0094] 113 Second film layer

[0095] 144 sixth refractive index layer

[0096] 151 First layer transparent retaining wall

[0097] 152 Second layer transparent retaining wall

[0098] 153 Third layer transparent retaining wall DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0099] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, they will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0100] In some scenarios, OLED displays require different viewing angles in different directions. For example, for automotive display products, a relatively small viewing angle is required in the vertical direction (V direction) to prevent the light from the automotive display product from entering the front windshield, where the image would affect the user's observation of objects in front. In the horizontal direction (H direction), automotive display products should have as wide a viewing angle as possible to facilitate user viewing. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the viewing angle requirements for automotive display products in different directions. Different viewing angle ranges are specified in the H and V directions (as shown in the solid line boxes in the figure). The V direction narrows the viewing angle, while the H direction widens the viewing angle.

[0101] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OLED display substrate in the related art. As shown in Figure 2, the OLED display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel definition layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within the pixel area defined by the pixel definition layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic thin film 06, an organic thin film 07, and a second inorganic thin film 08 stacked in layers, and a polarizer 09 located on the side of the encapsulation layer away from the drive substrate. Because the polarizer 09 does not affect the propagation path of light, the display device will present the same viewing angle in different directions, and the viewing angle range is shown in the circular box in Figure 3.

[0102] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device, which can enable the display device to have different viewing angles in different directions.

[0103] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a display substrate, comprising:

[0104] Driver substrate;

[0105] A plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate;

[0106] an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit;

[0107] a black matrix structure located on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the drive substrate, the black matrix structure comprising at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along a light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the first black matrix patterns extending along a first direction;

[0108] Along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the next layer on the driving substrate.

[0109] In this embodiment, at least one layer of a first black matrix pattern is provided on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit. The first black matrix pattern extends along a first direction. Light emitted by the light-emitting unit and intersecting with the first direction will be blocked by the first black matrix pattern, thereby narrowing the viewing angle in the direction intersecting with the first direction, so that the light-emitting unit has different viewing angles in the first direction and other directions.

[0110] In this embodiment, the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the first direction; the larger the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the first direction.

[0111] In some embodiments, the black matrix structure further includes:

[0112] At least one layer of a second black matrix pattern is sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the second black matrix pattern extends along a second direction, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the second direction intersects the first direction, and the number of layers of the second black matrix pattern is less than the number of layers of the first black matrix pattern.

[0113] In this embodiment, at least one second black matrix pattern can be further provided on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit. The second black matrix pattern extends along the second direction. In this way, light emitted by the light-emitting unit that intersects the second direction is blocked by the first black matrix pattern, thereby narrowing the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction. In this embodiment, the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction; the larger the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Thus, the viewing angle in the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the first direction, and the larger the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the first direction. The viewing angle in the second direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the second direction, and the larger the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the second direction.

[0115] In this embodiment, by adjusting the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern and / or the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the viewing angle in the first direction and / or the second direction can be adjusted, thereby enabling the display device to have different viewing angles in different directions and meet the viewing angle requirements in different directions.

[0116] In this embodiment, the number of layers of the first black matrix pattern and the second black matrix pattern can be set as needed. In some embodiments, when it is necessary to narrow the viewing angle in the first direction while maintaining a relatively wide viewing angle in the second direction, the black matrix structure can include three layers of the first black matrix pattern and one layer of the second black matrix pattern, sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light-emitting unit. Of course, this embodiment is not limited to providing three layers of the first black matrix pattern and one layer of the second black matrix pattern. More layers of the first black matrix pattern or more layers of the second black matrix pattern can also be provided. Generally speaking, the more layers of the first black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the second direction; and the more layers of the second black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the first direction.

[0117] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 4, the display substrate of this embodiment includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in an array and a black matrix structure 3, and the plurality of sub-pixels include: a red sub-pixel 1, a green sub-pixel 2, and a blue sub-pixel 4. When the display substrate is applied to an in-vehicle display product, it is required to have a narrower viewing angle in the V direction and a wider viewing angle in the H direction.

[0118] In a specific example, a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the H direction (i.e., the first direction) is shown in FIG5 , and a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the V direction (i.e., the second direction) is shown in FIG6 . As shown in FIG4 and FIG5 , the display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel definition layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within a pixel region defined by the pixel definition layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, and an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic thin film 06, an organic thin film 07, and a second inorganic thin film 08 stacked in layers. As shown in Figure 5, three layers of first black matrix graphics are provided: a first layer of first black matrix graphics 101, a second layer of first black matrix graphics 102, and a third layer of first black matrix graphics 103, wherein the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 and the second layer of first black matrix graphics 102 are separated by a flat layer 11; as shown in Figure 6, a layer of second black matrix graphics 104 is provided; the second black matrix graphics 104 and the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 can be located on the same layer, and the first layer of the first black matrix graphics 101 and the first layer of the second black matrix graphics 104 define a first area, the size of the first area is larger than the size of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first area on the driving substrate.

[0119] The size of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate. The size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103 on the drive substrate.

[0120] The display substrate further includes a color filter layer 12 covering the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit. The orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate. Color display can be achieved through the color filter layer 12.

[0121] As shown in FIG5 and FIG6, the display substrate further includes:

[0122] a first refractive index layer 13 covering the area defined by the first black matrix pattern 102 of the second layer, wherein the first refractive index layer 13 is located on a side of the first black matrix pattern 103 of the third layer close to the drive substrate;

[0123] The second refractive index layer is located on the side of the second layer, the first black matrix pattern 102, away from the drive substrate. The refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 13. The second refractive index layer includes a first high refractive index layer 141 located between the second layer, the first black matrix pattern 102, and the third layer, the first black matrix pattern 103, and a second high refractive index layer 142 located on the side of the third layer, the first black matrix pattern 103, away from the drive substrate. The second high refractive index layer 142 and the first high refractive index layer 141 can be made of the same material.

[0124] As shown in FIG6 , by cooperating with the first refractive index layer 13 and the second refractive index layer, the direction of light with a small angle can be effectively turned to a large angle, thereby improving the viewing angle in the H direction; as shown in FIG5 , due to the obstruction of the multi-layer first black matrix pattern, the viewing angle in the V direction will not increase, but will still maintain a relatively narrow viewing angle.

[0125] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the first refractive index layer 13 in the direction perpendicular to the driving substrate can be trapezoidal, as shown in Figure 6, and the slope angle θ1 of the side surface of the first refractive index layer 13 is less than 50°. In this way, when light with an emission angle less than 50° reaches the side surface of the first refractive index layer 13, it can be converted into large-angle light, effectively improving the viewing angle in the H direction.

[0126] To effectively improve the viewing angle in the H direction, the refractive index difference between the first refractive index layer 13 and the second refractive index layer can be greater than 0.3. The orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first refractive index layer 13 on the drive substrate. The size of the first refractive index layer 13 is larger than the size of the area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102. The orthographic projection of the area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first refractive index layer 13 on the drive substrate.

[0127] In another specific example, a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the H direction (i.e., the first direction) is shown in FIG7 , and a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the V direction (i.e., the second direction) is shown in FIG8 . As shown in FIG7 and FIG8 , the display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel defining layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within a pixel region defined by the pixel defining layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, and an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic thin film 06, an organic thin film 07, and a second inorganic thin film 08 stacked in layers. As shown in Figure 7, three layers of first black matrix graphics are provided: a first layer of first black matrix graphics 101, a second layer of first black matrix graphics 102, and a third layer of first black matrix graphics 103, wherein the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 and the second layer of first black matrix graphics 102 are separated by a flat layer 11; as shown in Figure 8, a layer of second black matrix graphics 104 is provided; the second black matrix graphics 104 and the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 can be located on the same layer, and the first layer of the first black matrix graphics 101 and the first layer of the second black matrix graphics 104 define a first area, the size of the first area is larger than the size of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first area on the driving substrate.

[0128] The size of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate. The size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103 on the drive substrate.

[0129] The display substrate further includes a color filter layer 12 covering the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit. The orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate. Color display can be achieved through the color filter layer 12.

[0130] As shown in FIG7 and FIG8, the display substrate further includes:

[0131] A first refractive index layer covering the area defined by the first black matrix pattern 102 of the second layer, wherein the first refractive index layer includes a plurality of prism portions 131 arranged in an array, with adjacent prism portions 131 disposed adjacent to each other. The first refractive index layer is located on a side of the first black matrix pattern 103 of the third layer close to the drive substrate;

[0132] The second refractive index layer is located on the side of the second layer, the first black matrix pattern 102, away from the drive substrate. The refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer 13. The second refractive index layer includes a first high refractive index layer 141 located between the second layer, the first black matrix pattern 102, and the third layer, the first black matrix pattern 103, and a second high refractive index layer 142 located on the side of the third layer, the first black matrix pattern 103, away from the drive substrate. The second high refractive index layer 142 and the first high refractive index layer 141 can be made of the same material.

[0133] As shown in FIG8 , the prism portion 131 and the second refractive index layer cooperate with each other to effectively redirect the direction of light at a small angle to a large angle, thereby improving the viewing angle in the H direction. As shown in FIG7 , due to the obstruction of the third layer of the first black matrix pattern 103, the viewing angle in the V direction does not increase, but remains relatively narrow.

[0134] In order to effectively improve the viewing angle in the H direction, the refractive index difference between the prism portion 131 and the second refractive index layer can be greater than 0.3. The orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first refractive index layer on the driving substrate.

[0135] In this embodiment, the prism portion 131 can be hemispherical, hemi-ellipsoidal, etc., that is, the light-emitting surface of the prism portion 131 can be hemispherical or hemi-ellipsoidal, and the small-angle light emitted by the light-emitting unit hits the light-emitting surface of the prism portion 131 and will turn to a larger angle.

[0136] In another specific example, a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the H direction (i.e., the first direction) is shown in FIG9 , and a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the V direction (i.e., the second direction) is shown in FIG10 . As shown in FIG9 and FIG10 , the display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel defining layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within a pixel region defined by the pixel defining layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, and an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic thin film 06, an organic thin film 07, and a second inorganic thin film 08 stacked in layers. As shown in Figure 9, three layers of first black matrix graphics are provided: a first layer of first black matrix graphics 101, a second layer of first black matrix graphics 102, and a third layer of first black matrix graphics 103, wherein the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 and the second layer of first black matrix graphics 102 are separated by a flat layer 11; as shown in Figure 10, a layer of second black matrix graphics 104 is provided; the second black matrix graphics 104 and the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 can be located on the same layer, and the first layer of the first black matrix graphics 101 and the first layer of the second black matrix graphics 104 define a first area, the size of the first area is larger than the size of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first area on the driving substrate.

[0137] The size of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate. The size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103 on the drive substrate.

[0138] The display substrate further includes a color filter layer 12 covering the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit. The orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate. Color display can be achieved through the color filter layer 12.

[0139] As shown in FIG9 and FIG10 , the display substrate further includes:

[0140] a retaining wall structure 143 located on a side of the color filter layer 12 away from the driving substrate; the retaining wall structure 143 defines a second area; the size of the second area is larger than the size of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit; the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the second area on the driving substrate; the retaining wall structure 143 is located on a side of the first black matrix pattern 103 of the third layer close to the driving substrate;

[0141] The third refractive index layer located on the side of the retaining wall structure 143 away from the drive substrate has a refractive index greater than that of the third refractive index layer. The third refractive index layer includes a first low-refractive index layer 132 and a second low-refractive index layer 133. The first low-refractive index layer 132 is located between the second first black matrix pattern 102 and the third first black matrix pattern 103. The second low-refractive index layer 133 is located on the side of the third first black matrix pattern 103 away from the drive substrate. The first low-refractive index layer 132 and the second low-refractive index layer 133 can be made of the same material.

[0142] As shown in FIG10 , by cooperating with the retaining wall structure 143 and the third refractive index layer, the direction of light with a small angle can be effectively turned to a large angle, thereby improving the viewing angle in the H direction; as shown in FIG9 , due to the obstruction of the third layer of the first black matrix pattern 103, the viewing angle in the V direction will not increase, but will still maintain a relatively narrow viewing angle.

[0143] In order to effectively improve the viewing angle in the H direction, the refractive index difference between the retaining wall structure 143 and the third refractive index layer may be greater than 0.3.

[0144] In some embodiments, the longitudinal cross-section of the retaining wall structure 143 perpendicular to its own extension direction is a trapezoid, as shown in Figure 10, and the lower base angle θ2 of the trapezoid can be less than 50°, so that when light with an angle less than 50° reaches the side surface of the retaining wall structure 143, it can be converted into large-angle light, effectively improving the viewing angle in the H direction.

[0145] In another specific example, a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the H direction (i.e., the first direction) is shown in FIG11, and a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the V direction (i.e., the second direction) is shown in FIG12. As shown in FIG11 and FIG12, the display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel defining layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within a pixel region defined by the pixel defining layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, and an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic thin film 06, an organic thin film 07, and a second inorganic thin film 08 stacked in layers. As shown in Figure 11, two layers of first black matrix graphics are provided: a first layer of first black matrix graphics 101, and a second layer of first black matrix graphics 102, wherein a flat layer 11 is provided between the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 and the second layer of first black matrix graphics 102; as shown in Figure 12, a layer of second black matrix graphics 104 is provided; the second black matrix graphics 104 and the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 can be located on the same layer, and the first layer of the first black matrix graphics 101 and the first layer of the second black matrix graphics 104 define a first area, the size of the first area is larger than the size of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first area on the driving substrate.

[0146] The size of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102, and the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the driving substrate.

[0147] The display substrate further includes a color filter layer 12 covering the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit. The orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate. Color display can be achieved through the color filter layer 12.

[0148] As shown in FIG11 and FIG12 , the display substrate further includes:

[0149] a fourth refractive index layer located on a side of the color filter layer 12 away from the driving substrate, and the fourth refractive index layer is located on a side of the second layer of the first black matrix pattern 102 close to the driving substrate;

[0150] A fifth refractive index layer is located on a side of the fourth refractive index layer away from the driving substrate, and a refractive index of the fifth refractive index layer is greater than a refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer.

[0151] By cooperating with each other, the fourth refractive index layer and the fifth refractive index layer can effectively redirect the direction of light with a small angle to a large angle, thereby improving the viewing angle in the H direction. Due to the obstruction of the second layer of the first black matrix pattern 102, the viewing angle in the V direction does not increase, but remains relatively narrow.

[0152] In order to effectively improve the viewing angle in the H direction, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the fourth refractive index layer on the driving substrate; the orthographic projection of the fourth refractive index layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the fifth refractive index layer on the driving substrate.

[0153] In order to effectively improve the viewing angle in the H direction, the refractive index difference between the fifth refractive index layer and the fourth refractive index layer may be greater than 0.3.

[0154] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the fourth refractive index layer includes a first portion 134 and a second portion 135 stacked sequentially in a direction away from the drive substrate. The first portion 134 has an inverted trapezoidal cross-section perpendicular to the drive substrate, and the second portion 135 has a trapezoidal cross-section perpendicular to the drive substrate. The fifth refractive index layer includes a first film layer 112 and a second film layer 113 stacked sequentially in a direction away from the drive substrate. The second film layer 113 is located on the side of the second first black matrix pattern 102 away from the drive substrate, and the first film layer 112 is located on the side of the second first black matrix pattern 102 closer to the drive substrate. The display substrate also includes a sixth refractive index layer 144 disposed in the same layer as and surrounding the first portion 134. The refractive index of the sixth refractive index layer 144 is greater than that of the first portion 134. The first film layer 112 is located between the sixth refractive index layer 144 and the second first black matrix pattern 102, and between the first film layer 112 and the planar layer 11.

[0155] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12 , the lower base angle α of the trapezoid can be less than 50°. This allows light with an angle less than 50° to be converted into a larger angle when it reaches the side surface of the second portion 135 , effectively improving the viewing angle in the H direction. In the V direction, as shown in FIG11 , due to the obstruction of the second layer of the first black matrix pattern 102 , the V direction still has a relatively narrow viewing angle.

[0156] In another specific example, a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the H direction (i.e., the first direction) is shown in FIG13 , and a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the V direction (i.e., the second direction) is shown in FIG14 . As shown in FIG13 and FIG14 , the display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel defining layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within a pixel area defined by the pixel defining layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, and an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic film 06, an organic film 07, and a second inorganic film 08 stacked. As shown in FIG13 , three layers of first black matrix patterns are provided: a first layer of first black matrix pattern 101, a second layer of first black matrix pattern 102, and a third layer of first black matrix pattern 103, wherein a flat layer 11 is provided between two adjacent layers of first black matrix pattern 102; as shown in FIG14 , no second black matrix pattern is provided, which ensures a larger viewing angle in the H direction.

[0157] The size of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate. The size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103 on the drive substrate.

[0158] In another specific example, a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the H direction (i.e., the first direction) is shown in FIG15 , and a schematic cross-sectional view of the display substrate shown in FIG4 in the V direction (i.e., the second direction) is shown in FIG16 . As shown in FIG15 and FIG16 , the display substrate includes a drive substrate 01, a pixel defining layer 03 located on the drive substrate 01, a light-emitting unit located within a pixel region defined by the pixel defining layer 03, the light-emitting unit including an anode 02, a light-emitting layer 04, and a cathode 05, and an encapsulation layer located on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit, the encapsulation layer including a first inorganic thin film 06, an organic thin film, and a second inorganic thin film 08 stacked together, the organic thin film being the first high refractive index layer 141. As shown in Figure 15, three layers of first black matrix graphics are provided: a first layer of first black matrix graphics 101, a second layer of first black matrix graphics 102, and a third layer of first black matrix graphics 103, wherein the first layer of first black matrix graphics 101 and the second layer of first black matrix graphics 102 are separated by a second layer of high refractive index layer 142, and the third layer of first black matrix graphics 103 and the second layer of first black matrix graphics 102 are separated by a third layer of high refractive index layer 145.

[0159] The size of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the first-layer first black matrix pattern 101 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate. The size of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 is smaller than the size of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the second-layer first black matrix pattern 102 on the drive substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the third-layer first black matrix pattern 103 on the drive substrate.

[0160] The display substrate also includes a color filter layer 12 covering the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit. The orthographic projection of the opening area defined by the third layer first black matrix pattern 103 on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer 12 on the driving substrate. Color display can be achieved through the color filter layer 12.

[0161] The display substrate further includes: transparent blocking walls extending along the first direction, the refractive index of the transparent blocking walls being less than the refractive index of the seventh refractive index layer (including the first high refractive index layer 141, the second high refractive index layer 142 and the third high refractive index layer 145), the transparent blocking walls being located on both sides of the opening area, and / or the transparent blocking walls being located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern.

[0162] As shown in FIG15 , the transparent retaining wall may include:

[0163] A first layer of transparent blocking walls 151 respectively located on both sides of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit;

[0164] A second layer of transparent barrier walls 152 respectively located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern 101 of the first layer;

[0165] The third layer of transparent barrier walls 153 are respectively located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern 102 of the second layer.

[0166] Through the cooperation between the transparent baffle and the seventh refractive index layer, as shown in FIG15 , part of the light at a large angle will change direction through the principle of total reflection and be emitted upward, which can effectively improve the light output rate of the display substrate and reduce the power consumption of the product.

[0167] In order to effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the display substrate and reduce the power consumption of the product, the refractive index difference between the transparent baffle and the seventh refractive index layer may be greater than 0.3.

[0168] As shown in FIG. 16 , the display substrate includes only one layer of the second black matrix pattern 104 , and still has a large viewing angle in the H direction.

[0169] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a display device including the display substrate described above.

[0170] The display device includes, but is not limited to, components such as a radio frequency unit, a network module, an audio output unit, an input unit, a sensor, a display unit, a user input unit, an interface unit, a memory, a processor, and a power supply. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the structure of the above-mentioned display device does not constitute a limitation on the display device, and the display device may include more or fewer of the above-mentioned components, or a combination of certain components, or a different arrangement of components. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device includes, but is not limited to, a monitor, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a wearable electronic device, a navigation display device, and the like.

[0171] The display device can be any product or component with a display function, such as a television, monitor, digital photo frame, mobile phone, or tablet computer. The display device also includes a flexible circuit board, a printed circuit board, and a backplane. The display device of this embodiment can also be used in in-vehicle display products, achieving a wide viewing angle in the H direction and a narrow viewing angle in the V direction.

[0172] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a method for manufacturing a display substrate, comprising:

[0173] Provide a drive substrate;

[0174] forming a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate;

[0175] forming an encapsulation layer on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit;

[0176] A black matrix structure is formed on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the driving substrate, wherein the black matrix structure includes at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, and the first black matrix patterns extend along a first direction;

[0177] Among them, along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the next layer on the driving substrate.

[0178] In this embodiment, at least two layers of first black matrix patterns are formed on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit. The first black matrix patterns extend along a first direction. Light emitted by the light-emitting unit and intersecting the first direction will be blocked by the first black matrix patterns, thereby narrowing the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the first direction, so that the light-emitting unit has different viewing angles in the first direction and other directions.

[0179] The manufacturing method of this embodiment is used to manufacture the display substrate shown in Figures 5 to 16. In this embodiment, the viewing angle in a direction intersecting the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the first direction; the larger the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the first direction.

[0180] In some embodiments, forming the black matrix structure further includes:

[0181] At least one layer of a second black matrix pattern is formed in sequence along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the second black matrix pattern extends along a second direction, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the second direction intersects the first direction, and the number of layers of the second black matrix pattern is less than the number of layers of the first black matrix pattern.

[0182] In this embodiment, at least one second black matrix pattern can be further provided on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit. The second black matrix pattern extends along the second direction. In this way, light emitted by the light-emitting unit that intersects the second direction is blocked by the first black matrix pattern, thereby narrowing the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction. In this embodiment, the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction; the larger the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the direction intersecting the second direction.

[0183] In some embodiments, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Thus, the viewing angle in the first direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the first direction, and the larger the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the first direction. The viewing angle in the second direction can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern. The smaller the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the second direction, and the larger the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the wider the viewing angle in the second direction.

[0184] In this embodiment, by adjusting the size of the area defined by the second black matrix pattern and / or the size of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, the viewing angle in the first direction and / or the second direction can be adjusted, thereby enabling the display device to have different viewing angles in different directions and meet the viewing angle requirements in different directions.

[0185] In this embodiment, the number of layers of the first black matrix pattern and the second black matrix pattern can be set as needed. In some embodiments, when it is necessary to narrow the viewing angle in the first direction while maintaining a relatively wide viewing angle in the second direction, the black matrix structure can include three layers of the first black matrix pattern and one layer of the second black matrix pattern, sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light-emitting unit. Of course, this embodiment is not limited to providing three layers of the first black matrix pattern and one layer of the second black matrix pattern. More layers of the first black matrix pattern or more layers of the second black matrix pattern can also be provided. Generally speaking, the more layers of the first black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the second direction; and the more layers of the second black matrix pattern, the narrower the viewing angle in the first direction.

[0186] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, since the embodiments are generally similar to the product embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the partial description of the product embodiments.

[0187] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which this disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0188] It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being “on” or “under” another element, it can be “directly on” or “under” the other element or intervening elements may be present.

[0189] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0190] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that: include: Driver substrate; A plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate; An encapsulation layer located on the light emitting side of the light emitting unit; A black matrix structure located at a side of the encapsulation layer away from the driving substrate, the black matrix structure comprising at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, and the first black matrix patterns extending along a first direction; Along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the next layer on the driving substrate.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black matrix structure includes three layers of the first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit.

3. The display substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The black matrix structure further includes: At least one layer of second black matrix pattern is sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the second black matrix pattern extends along a second direction, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the second black matrix pattern, the second direction intersects with the first direction, and the number of layers of the second black matrix pattern is less than the number of layers of the first black matrix pattern.

4. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

5. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The black matrix structure includes a layer of the second black matrix pattern.

6. The display substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first black matrix pattern of the first layer and the second black matrix pattern of the first layer are located on the same layer, the first black matrix pattern of the first layer and the second black matrix pattern of the first layer define a first area, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first area on the driving substrate.

7. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: The color filter layer covers the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit, and the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the color filter layer on the driving substrate.

8. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: A first refractive index layer covering the second layer in the area defined by the first black matrix pattern, wherein the first refractive index layer is located on a side of the outermost layer of the first black matrix pattern close to the drive substrate; A second refractive index layer is located on a side of the first refractive index layer away from the driving substrate, and the refractive index of the second refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive index layer.

9. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slope angle of the side surface of the first refractive index layer is less than 50°.

10. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the color filter layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first refractive index layer on the driving substrate.

11. The display substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first refractive index layer includes a plurality of prism portions arranged in an array, and adjacent prism portions are disposed closely together.

12. The display substrate according to claim 11, characterized in that: The prism portion is hemispherical.

13. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: a retaining wall structure located on a side of the color filter layer away from the driving substrate, the retaining wall structure defining a second area, an orthographic projection of an opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit on the driving substrate being located within an orthographic projection of the second area on the driving substrate, and the retaining wall structure being located on a side of the first black matrix pattern of the outermost layer close to the driving substrate; The third refractive index layer is located on a side of the retaining wall structure away from the driving substrate, and the refractive index of the retaining wall structure is greater than the refractive index of the third refractive index layer.

14. The display substrate according to claim 13, characterized in that: The longitudinal section of the retaining wall structure perpendicular to its own extending direction is trapezoidal.

15. The display substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: a fourth refractive index layer located on a side of the color filter layer away from the drive substrate, wherein the fourth refractive index layer is located on a side of the outermost layer of the first black matrix pattern close to the drive substrate; A fifth refractive index layer is located at a side of the fourth refractive index layer away from the driving substrate, and a refractive index of the fifth refractive index layer is greater than a refractive index of the fourth refractive index layer.

16. The display substrate according to claim 15, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the color filter layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the fourth refractive index layer on the driving substrate; An orthographic projection of the fourth refractive index layer on the driving substrate is located within an orthographic projection of the fifth refractive index layer on the driving substrate.

17. The display substrate according to claim 15, characterized in that: The fourth refractive index layer includes a first portion and a second portion stacked in sequence in a direction away from the drive substrate, wherein the first portion has an inverted trapezoidal cross section in a direction perpendicular to the drive substrate, and the second portion has a trapezoidal cross section in a direction perpendicular to the drive substrate.

18. The display substrate according to claim 17, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: A sixth refractive index layer is disposed in the same layer as the first portion and surrounding the first portion, and the refractive index of the sixth refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the first portion.

19. The display substrate according to claim 17, characterized in that: The lower base angle of the trapezoid is less than 50°.

20. The display substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display substrate further comprises: a seventh refractive index layer located between two adjacent layers of the first black matrix patterns; A transparent barrier wall extending along the first direction, the refractive index of the transparent barrier wall is less than the refractive index of the seventh refractive index layer, the transparent barrier wall is located on both sides of the opening area, and / or the transparent barrier wall is located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern.

21. The display substrate according to claim 20, characterized in that: The transparent retaining wall comprises: A first layer of transparent blocking walls respectively located on both sides of the opening area of ​​the light-emitting unit; A second layer of transparent blocking walls respectively located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer; A third layer of transparent blocking walls are respectively located on both sides of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the second layer.

22. A display device, characterized in that: Comprising the display substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1-21.

23. A method for manufacturing a display substrate, characterized in that: include: Providing a drive substrate; Forming a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array on the driving substrate; forming an encapsulation layer on the light-emitting side of the light-emitting unit; A black matrix structure is formed on a side of the encapsulation layer away from the driving substrate, wherein the black matrix structure includes at least two layers of first black matrix patterns sequentially arranged along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, and the first black matrix patterns extend along a first direction; Among them, along the light emitting direction of the light emitting unit, the orthographic projection of the opening area of ​​the light emitting unit on the driving substrate is located within the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the first layer, and the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the previous layer on the driving substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the area defined by the first black matrix pattern of the next layer on the driving substrate.

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