Nozzle and gas pressure-welding method

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a nozzle capable of suppressing oxidation at a pressure welding surface without using a reducing material by using a standard flame from initial heating when performing pressure welding of a pressure welding material. [Solution] A nozzle A1 comprises: a nozzle base body 10 provided with a fire hole 180 at the tip; and a gas guiding body 4 that is housed inside the nozzle base body 10, that can rotate in a circumferential direction thereof, that can be fixed at a prescribed position, and that divides a gas flow passing through the fire hole 180 into two directions to not directly apply flame to a pressure welding surface 500 of a pressure welding material and to form, at a prescribed width, regions at which heating has been conducted on vicinities of the pressure welding surface 500 sufficiently enough to enable pressure welding.

Description

Crater mouth and gas pressure welding method

[0001] The present invention relates to a flame nozzle and a gas pressure welding method, and more specifically, to a flame nozzle and a gas pressure welding method that can suppress oxidation even when using a standard flame from the initial heating stage when pressure welding materials using a standard flame that uses a flammable gas such as propane gas, which is readily available regardless of region and has a low environmental impact.

[0002] For example, in gas pressure welding of rebars using acetylene gas, the weld surfaces of the rebars must be polished and initially heated with a reducing flame until the tip surfaces come into close contact. If the initial heating is performed with a standard flame (neutral or oxidizing flame), an oxide film will form on the weld surfaces, resulting in poor bonding and fracture of the weld surfaces.

[0003] On the other hand, the use of natural gas and propane gas, which have lower heat output than acetylene gas but are easier to handle and have a smaller environmental impact, has long been a concern. In other words, when attempting to use these gases for pressure welding, in order to achieve the same heat output as acetylene gas, heating must be done with a standard flame from the initial heating stage, and in this case, measures must be taken to prevent the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surface.

[0004] One solution to this problem is the gas pressure welding method, which uses a cap-shaped PS ring containing a polystyrene sheet and a steel ring as a reducing agent (or antioxidant) when pressure welding rebars, etc. However, the use of a reducing agent in the pressure welding method has the problem of being costly. In addition, since the reducing agent is sandwiched between the pressure welding surfaces of the rebars, etc., heating efficiency tends to be poor, which can lead to the problem of an oxide film easily forming on the pressure welding surfaces.

[0005] Even when a standard flame is used, these problems can be solved if the flame is not directly applied to the pressure welding surface and sufficient heating is achieved near the pressure welding surface. However, there have been few proposals for a technology to split the flame used in pressure welding with a nozzle. However, a high-velocity jet-type diffusion combustion burner (see Patent Document 1) has been proposed, which is said to reduce the linearity of the combustible gas, adjust the flame length, and achieve optimal temperature distribution in the furnace.

[0006] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-299955

[0007] In the above-mentioned conventional high-velocity jet diffusion combustion burner, the diffusion tip can diffuse the combustible gas toward the primary air flowing outside it. However, because the diffusion tip is conical, even if the flame expands, it remains a normal shape, and therefore it cannot be used as a nozzle structure for pressure welding, which requires the flame to be divided in directions sandwiching the pressure welding surface.

[0008] The present invention was devised in consideration of the above points, and aims to provide a nozzle and gas pressure welding method that makes it possible to prevent oxidation at the pressure welding surface even when using a standard flame from the initial heating stage, for example, when pressure welding pressure welding materials using a standard flame that uses a flammable gas such as propane gas, which is steadily available regardless of region and has a small environmental impact.

[0009] [1] In order to achieve the above object, the nozzle of the present invention comprises a nozzle base having a fire hole at its tip, and a gas guide located inside the nozzle base, which is rotatable in the circumferential direction relative to the nozzle base and can be fixed at a predetermined position, and which divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole, prevents the flame from directly hitting the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and forms an area in which the vicinity of the pressure welding surface is heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding.

[0010] [2] The burner of the present invention in [1] may be configured such that the width of the region can be changed by rotating the gas guide in the circumferential direction of the burner base.

[0011] Here, the burner of the present invention is provided with a gas conductor that is separate from the burner base, so that even if a malfunction occurs in the gas conductor's function of dividing the gas flow passing through the burner hole, for example due to deterioration over time, the gas conductor can be replaced and the malfunction can be easily resolved.

[0012] In addition, by dividing the gas flow, the gas guide also divides the flame when heating the pressure welding material. Since each divided flame does not directly hit the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surface can be suppressed. Furthermore, the heating near the pressure welding surface can be sufficiently performed to form an area where pressure welding is possible.

[0013] Even if a standard flame is used from the initial heating stage, gas pressure welding can be performed while preventing the formation of an oxide film on the welding surface, making it possible to perform gas pressure welding using flammable gases such as natural gas or propane gas, which are readily available and have a low environmental impact. The use of a reducing agent in combination with the gas can further prevent oxidation.

[0014] Furthermore, the gas conductor is located inside the nozzle base and is configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction relative to the nozzle base and to be fixed at a predetermined position, so that the position of the gas flow can be rotated by the amount of circumferential rotation, changing the position of the flame and appropriately adjusting the width of the above-mentioned region in the direction sandwiching the pressure contact surface.

[0015] This allows the width of the above-mentioned region to be narrowed as needed to increase the amount of heat input near the pressure welding surface during gas pressure welding, thereby preventing the occurrence of flat fractures on the pressure welding surface, making it possible to perform gas pressure welding that is suited to the thickness and material of the pressure welding material.

[0016] In addition, in the burner of the present invention, in [1] and [2], the gas guide may be configured to have a branched ejection path in which a plurality of ejection ports are formed to divide the gas flow passing through the fire hole.

[0017] In this case, the diverted flow jet passage is formed with multiple jet ports that divide the gas flow passing through the fire hole, so that the gas flow is divided and sent from each jet port toward the fire hole. Also, because the gas flow is guided by the diverted flow jet passage before it is ejected from each jet port, each flame is stable, and the specified heating of the pressure welding material can be performed stably and efficiently.

[0018] In addition, in the fire nozzle of the present invention, in [1] and [2], the gas conductor can be configured so that a hole is formed in its longitudinal direction, the hole is arranged to cross the hole in the approximately diametric direction, and the gas conductor has a flow dividing member that divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole.

[0019] In this case, a hole is formed in the longitudinal direction of the gas guide, and a flow dividing member is provided so as to cross the hole in a substantially diametrical direction, so that the gas flow passing through the fire hole can be divided by the flow dividing member. Also, in order to divide the gas flow, a configuration is adopted in which a flow dividing member crosses the hole in a substantially diametrical direction, which has the advantage that the flame can be divided with a simple configuration.

[0020] [3] The nozzle of the present invention comprises a nozzle base with a fire hole at its tip, a gas guide inside the nozzle base, and a branching jet passage provided in the gas guide to divide the gas flow passing through the fire hole, prevent the flame from directly hitting the press-fit surface of the press-fit material, and form an area of ​​a predetermined width in which the vicinity of the press-fit surface is heated sufficiently to enable press-fitting. The tip of the gas guide is shaped like a gear that forms multiple gas passages between it and the nozzle base, and each tooth is arranged parallel to or inclined with respect to the axial direction of the gas guide.

[0021] Here, since the nozzle of the present invention is provided with a gas conductor separate from the nozzle base, even if a malfunction occurs in the function of the diversion jet passage (for example, due to deterioration over time), the gas conductor can be replaced and the malfunction can be easily resolved.

[0022] Furthermore, with the nozzle of the present invention, the combustible gas can be directed through the diverting jet passage toward the fire hole in the nozzle base. The diverting jet passage can divide the gas flow passing through the fire hole. Because the gas flow is guided by the diverting jet passage before it is ejected from the diverting jet passage, each flame is stable, allowing for stable and efficient heating of the pressure welding material.

[0023] Furthermore, by dividing the gas flow in the branch jet passage, the flames used to heat the pressure welding material are also divided. Each of the divided flames is prevented from directly hitting the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and a region of a predetermined width can be formed in the vicinity of the pressure welding surface where heating is sufficient to enable pressure welding.

[0024] In this way, when pressure welding the pressure welding material, by not directing each flame directly at the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material and by heating the area near the pressure welding surface sufficiently to enable pressure welding, oxidation of the pressure welding surface can be prevented even if standard flames are used from the initial heating.

[0025] This makes it possible to perform pressure welding of pressure welding materials using a standard flame with flammable gas such as propane gas, which is readily available and has a low environmental impact. Furthermore, the use of a reducing agent in combination can further suppress oxidation.

[0026] In the case where "the tip of the gas conductor is formed in a gear shape to form a plurality of gas passages between the tip and the nozzle base, and each tooth is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the gas conductor," a gas passage is formed between the inner surface of the nozzle base by grooves between each tooth, and the gas passage is linear. Then, a gas flow is ejected from the ejection port of each gas passage in a linear manner parallel to the axial direction of the gas conductor.

[0027] This limits the area where the outer flame is formed to a predetermined range, and this outer flame formation area serves to prevent oxygen from being drawn into the inner flame, preventing oxygen from being drawn into the press-fit surfaces of the press-fit material. This prevents the formation of an oxide film on the press-fit surfaces, allowing for good welding of the press-fit surfaces.

[0028] In the case where "the tip of the gas conductor is formed in a gear shape to form a plurality of gas passages between the tip and the nozzle base, and each tooth is inclined with respect to the axial direction of the gas conductor," a gas passage is formed between the inner surface of the nozzle base and the inner surface of the nozzle base by grooves between each tooth, and the gas passage is spiral. Then, from the outlet of each gas passage, a gas flow is ejected at a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the gas conductor and is discharged in a swirling manner.

[0029] This expands the area where the outer flame of the flame is formed, and this outer flame formation area serves to prevent oxygen from the atmosphere from being drawn into the inner flame, thereby preventing oxygen from the atmosphere from being drawn into the pressure-welded surfaces of the pressure-welded material. This prevents the formation of an oxide film on the pressure-welded surfaces, allowing for good welding of the pressure-welded surfaces.

[0030] Furthermore, in the nozzle of the present invention, in [3], the branching ejection path may be formed in the approximate longitudinal direction of the gas guide, and may have an ejection path that divides and guides the gas flow.

[0031] In this case, the diverting jet passages are formed in the approximate longitudinal direction of the gas guide and have jet passages that divide and guide the gas flow, so the gas flow is reliably directed toward the fire hole and divided by the diverting jet passages. In addition, because the gas flow is guided by the jet passages before it is ejected from the jet passages, each flame is stable, allowing the specified heating of the pressure welding material to be performed stably and efficiently.

[0032] In addition, in the nozzle of the present invention, in [3], the branched ejection path can be formed by dividing a hole provided in the approximately longitudinal direction of the gas guide with a dividing member, and can have an ejection path that divides and guides the gas flow.

[0033] In this case, the divided jet passages are formed by dividing holes provided in the gas guide in the approximate longitudinal direction by a dividing member, and have jet passages that divide and guide the gas flow, so that the gas flow is reliably directed toward the fire hole and divided by the divided jet passages. Furthermore, because the gas flow is guided by the jet passages before it is ejected from the jet passages, each flame is stable, and the specified heating of the pressure welding material can be performed stably and efficiently.

[0034] The hole may also have a configuration in which the outlet thereof widens in a trumpet shape.

[0035] In this case, the nozzle opening of the hole is expanded like a trumpet, so that the gas flow is split and the flame is split more reliably.

[0036] Furthermore, in the burner of the present invention, in [3], the gas guide may be configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction of the burner base and fixed at a predetermined position.

[0037] In this case, the gas director can rotate circumferentially relative to the nozzle base, so the position (arrangement: circumferential angle) of the outlet of the splitting jet passage can be adjusted. This prevents the flames generated by splitting the gas flow from directly hitting the press-fitting surface of the press-fitting material, and allows for the formation of a region of a predetermined width near the press-fitting surface where the heat is sufficient to enable press-fitting, and this region can be adjusted to fit the press-fitting surface of the press-fitting material.

[0038] [4] The nozzle of the present invention is a hollow body and comprises a nozzle base with a fire hole at its tip, and a flow dividing member that is provided in the vicinity of the fire hole of the nozzle base so as to cross the fire hole and that divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole into two directions, preventing the flame from directly hitting the pressure welding surface, and forming an area of ​​a predetermined width in which the vicinity of the pressure welding surface is heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding.

[0039] The burner of the present invention allows flammable gas to flow through the hollow burner base toward the fire hole at the tip. A flow dividing member is provided near the fire hole in the burner base so as to cross the hole, and the gas flow passing through the hole can be divided into two directions.

[0040] Furthermore, by dividing the gas flow into two directions using the flow dividing member, the flame used to heat the pressure welding material also divides into two directions. Each divided flame heats a specific location on the pressure welding material, and a "region heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding" of a specific width (or size) is formed between the divided flames.

[0041] As a result, when pressure welding the pressure welding material, by aligning the "area that is heated enough to allow pressure welding" with the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, when pressure welding the pressure welding material using a standard flame that uses propane gas or other fuel gas that is steadily available and has a small environmental impact, oxidation at the pressure welding surface can be suppressed by using the standard flame from the initial heating without using a reducing agent, and when used in combination with a reducing agent, oxidation can be suppressed even further.

[0042] [5] The burner of the present invention, in [4], can also be configured such that the diverting member is provided at a predetermined distance from the tip of the fire hole toward the inside of the burner base.

[0043] When the front of the fire hole is open and normal heating is being performed by the flame, the flow diverter is separated from the flame and is not heated at all. This prevents the flow diverter from deteriorating due to heat and maintains its specified strength. This prevents the flow diverter from being damaged by the impact even if a backfire occurs due to the front of the fire hole being blocked.

[0044] [6] The burner of the present invention, in [4], can also be configured such that the burner base has a base member and a tip member attached to the base member and provided with the fire hole, and the diverter member is rotatable in a direction intersecting its axis while maintaining a state across the fire hole.

[0045] In this case, when the flow dividing member is attached to the tip member, it can be rotated to adjust the circumferential angle, which makes it possible to align (or overlap) the "area heated enough to allow pressure welding" created by dividing the gas flow in two directions with the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material.

[0046] [7] In the burner of the present invention, in [4], the burner base can also be configured to have a base member and a tip member that is rotatably attached to the base member and has the fire hole provided therein.

[0047] In this case, the angle of the flow dividing member in the circumferential direction can be adjusted by rotating the tip member, which is part of the nozzle base and is installed so that the flow dividing member crosses the fire hole, relative to the base member. This makes it possible to align the "area heated enough to allow pressure welding" created by dividing the gas flow in two directions with the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material.

[0048] [8] The nozzle of the present invention, in [4], can also be configured to include a gas guide section located inside the nozzle base, which introduces combustible gas into the nozzle base and cooperates with the nozzle base to guide the combustible gas to the fire hole, and the flow diverter member is provided at the tip of the gas guide section so as to cross the gas outlet leading to the fire hole.

[0049] In this case, the combustible gas can be introduced and guided to the fire hole by the gas guide section inside the fire nozzle base. The flow dividing member is provided at the tip of the gas guide section so as to cross the gas nozzle leading to the fire hole, so that the gas passing through the gas nozzle can be divided into two by the flow dividing member and ejected through the fire hole.

[0050] In addition, in the burner of the present invention, in [8], the gas guide portion can be configured to be provided separately from the burner base, to be rotatable in the circumferential direction relative to the burner base, and to be fixed at a predetermined position.

[0051] In this case, the gas guide is provided separately from the nozzle base and can rotate circumferentially relative to the nozzle base, so the angle of the flow dividing member in the circumferential direction can be adjusted. This makes it possible to align the "area heated enough to allow pressure welding" created by dividing the gas flow in two directions with the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material.

[0052] Furthermore, in the burner of the present invention, in [8], the tip of the gas guide portion can be configured in the shape of a gear that forms a gas passage between the tip and the burner base, and each tooth of the gear is arranged in a spiral along the entire length of the axial direction of the gas guide portion.

[0053] In this case, the tip of the gas guide is shaped like a gear that forms a gas passage between it and the nozzle base, and each tooth of the gear is arranged in a spiral along the entire length of the axial direction of the gas guide, so that a ventilation path is formed between the inner surface of the nozzle base and the gear groove, and this ventilation path is spiral. From the outlet of each ventilation path, the gas flow is ejected at a predetermined angle to the longitudinal direction of the gas guide and is discharged in a swirling manner.

[0054] This expands the area where the outer flame is formed, and this outer flame formation area serves to prevent oxygen from being drawn into the inner flame, preventing oxygen from being drawn into the welded surfaces of the welded material. This prevents the formation of an oxide film on the welded surfaces, allowing for good welding of the welded surfaces.

[0055] [9] In order to achieve the above object, the gas pressure welding method of the present invention uses a heating torch having a nozzle attached to a burner tube, the nozzle having a nozzle base with a fire hole at the tip and a gas inductor inside the nozzle base that divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole, and by rotating the gas inductor in the circumferential direction of the nozzle base, the flame is prevented from directly hitting the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and the width of the area where the heating near the pressure welding surface is sufficient to enable pressure welding is adjusted, and heating is performed by making the area overlap the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material.

[0056] In the gas pressure welding method of the present invention, the nozzle attached to the heating torch divides the gas flow, and the flame used to heat the pressure welding material is also divided. The nozzle rotates the gas guide around the circumferential direction of the nozzle base and fixes it in place, preventing the flame from directly hitting the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and creating an area in the vicinity of the pressure welding surface that is sufficiently heated to enable pressure welding.

[0057] By overlapping (aligning) this area with the pressure welding surface, it is possible to apply the required heat for pressure welding of the pressure welding material. This makes it possible to prevent the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surface even when using a standard flame from the initial heating stage.

[0058] In addition, in the gas pressure welding method of the present invention, the nozzle of the heating torch rotates the gas inductor in the circumferential direction of the nozzle base, thereby preventing the flame from directly hitting the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and making it possible to adjust the width of the area in which the heating near the pressure welding surface is sufficient to enable pressure welding.

[0059] This allows the width of the above-mentioned region to be narrowed as needed to increase the amount of heat input near the pressure welding surface during gas pressure welding, thereby preventing the occurrence of flat fractures on the pressure welding surface, making it possible to perform gas pressure welding that is suited to the thickness and material of the pressure welding material.

[0060]

[10] The gas pressure welding method of the present invention also includes a step in which a nozzle is provided inside a burner tube, the nozzle base of the nozzle has a flow-diverting member that crosses the hole, the hole is directed toward the center of the inside of each burner tube, the gas flow passing through the hole of the nozzle base is divided into two by the flow-diverting member so that the flame does not directly hit the pressure welding surface, and a region of a predetermined width is formed in the vicinity of the pressure welding surface so that the heating is sufficient to enable pressure welding, and heating is performed so that this region overlaps the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material.

[0061] The gas pressure welding method of the present invention divides the gas flow passing through the nozzle hole in two directions to form a "region heated sufficiently to allow pressure welding" of a predetermined width, and heats the material so that the "region heated sufficiently to allow pressure welding" overlaps the pressure welding surface, thereby preventing oxidation at the pressure welding surface.

[0062] In the gas pressure welding method of the present invention, in [9] and

[10] , the heating can also be performed using a standard flame.

[0063] In this case, heating is performed using a standard flame, so fuel gases other than acetylene gas, such as propane gas, are used to prevent the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surface, while providing sufficient heat for the pressure welding method and allowing the pressure welding of the pressure welding material to be performed.

[0064] The present invention can provide a nozzle and gas pressure welding method that can prevent oxidation at the pressure welding surface even when using a standard flame from the initial heating stage, for example, when pressure welding pressure welding materials using a standard flame that uses propane gas or other fuel gas that is steadily available regardless of region and has a small environmental impact.

[0065] 1 is an exploded perspective view showing the structure of a first nozzle of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the first nozzle in an assembled state; FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing another example of the gas director of the first nozzle; FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a second nozzle of the present invention; FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the structure of a third nozzle of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the third nozzle in an assembled state; FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view of a heating torch of the present invention; FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a change in the position of the nozzle due to the rotation of the gas director of the first nozzle; FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a state of heating by a heating torch in which the gas director of the first nozzle is rotated and adjusted to maximize the area heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding; FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a state of heating by a heating torch in which the gas director of the first nozzle is rotated and adjusted to narrow the area heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding; FIG. 11 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a fourth nozzle; FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the structure of the gas director of the fourth nozzle; FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of the structure of the fifth nozzle; FIG. 14 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the fifth nozzle in an assembled state; FIG. 15 is a perspective view from below showing the structure of the tip member of the fifth nozzle; FIG. 16 is a schematic plan view of a heating torch of the present invention; Fig. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of each burner nozzle provided in the heating torch of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the direction of flame branching in the burner of the present invention. Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the main part of the heating torch equipped with a sixth burner nozzle. Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the main part of the heating torch equipped with a seventh burner nozzle. Fig. 21 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the structure of the seventh burner nozzle.

[0066] The embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 1 to 21. First, the structure of a first burner A1 (hereinafter simply referred to as burner A1) according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2.

[0067] The burner A1 is made of metal (for example, brass), but is not limited to this and may be made of other metal materials such as titanium, which have better fire resistance. The same applies to the burners A2, A3, and A4 described below.

[0068] The burner A1 has a burner base 10. The burner base 10 is a hollow body having a space 100 penetrating through its center in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2). The burner base 10 has, in order from the base end side (lower end side in FIG. 2), a base screw pipe portion 11, a flange portion 12, and a tip pipe portion 18 whose outer shape is approximately hexagonal prism-shaped.

[0069] The base screw pipe 11 has a male thread (reference numeral omitted) on its outer periphery for screwing into a mounting pipe 94 of the heating torch 9, which will be described later. The inner periphery of the space 100, which corresponds to the base screw pipe 11, is a circular hole 16, and the inner periphery of the space 100, which is connected to the circular hole 16 and corresponds to the flange portion 12, is a receiving hole 16a that narrows upward so as to form a frusto-conical space (see FIG. 2).

[0070] Within space 100, the space located beyond receiving hole 16a is circular hole 16b. Circular hole 16b penetrates the tip surface of tip tube portion 18, and its opening forms circular fire hole 180. A chamfered portion 181 is provided on the rim of fire hole 180 to prevent the spread of the flame passing through it from being impeded. A screw hole 19 is provided in one location on the peripheral wall of tip tube portion 18, penetrating the peripheral wall. A set screw 190 is threaded into screw hole 19.

[0071] Furthermore, a gas conductor 4 is accommodated inside the space 100. The gas conductor 4 has, in order from the base end side, a rotating shaft portion 42 having a truncated conical outer shape, a neck portion 40 which forms a fire hole 180 and has a diameter smaller than that of the circular hole 16b, and a guide portion 41 which is substantially shaped like a spur gear.

[0072] The guide portion 41 has a plurality of teeth 410 in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of grooves 411 are formed between each tooth 410. The outer diameter of the guide portion 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular hole 16b in the space 100, and the gas guide 4 is rotatable in the circumferential direction and movable back and forth along the inner periphery that forms the receiving hole 16a and the circular hole 16b.

[0073] Incidentally, engaging recesses 44 for engaging a rotation operating tool such as a screwdriver are provided at two locations on the diameter line of the base end of the rotating shaft portion 42. Furthermore, when the rotating shaft portion 42 is housed in the receiving hole 16a, its position in the longitudinal direction of the crater base 10 is determined with the entire surfaces of the two portions in contact with each other, and the angle in the circumferential direction can be adjusted by sliding rotation, and it is fixed at that adjusted position by tightening the setscrew 190.

[0074] Furthermore, when the gas guide 4 is attached to the nozzle base 10 and integrated in this manner, a plurality of gas passages 400 (shown in Figure 2) are formed in the circumferential direction of the guide portion 41 over the entire length of the guide portion 41 in each groove 411 portion between the inner periphery of the circular hole 16a in the space 100 and the guide portion 41.

[0075] A diversion jetting passage 45 is provided over the entire length inside the gas guiding member 4. The diversion jetting passage 45 has an inlet 451 that narrows toward the front, and jetting passages 452, 452a that communicate with the inlet 451 at the base end and penetrate the front end surface of the gas guiding member 4 at the front end.

[0076] The ejection paths 452, 452a are formed by drilling (opening) a straight circular hole so as to branch into two directions at a predetermined angle (180° to each other in a plan view) with respect to the central axis direction of the gas guide 4. This angle is set to 15° in this embodiment, but is not limited to this angle.

[0077] The tip ends of the ejection paths 452, 452a form ejection ports 450, 450a. The tip surfaces on which the ejection ports 450, 450a are provided are inclined at a predetermined angle on two sides, with the top edge 453 as the dividing line (see Figures 1 and 2). The ejection paths 452, 452a are formed at approximately right angles to these inclined surfaces (reference numerals omitted), which has the advantage of making it easier to drill the ejection paths 452, 452a during manufacturing.

[0078] The neck portion 40 is provided with communication holes 43 that penetrate the peripheral wall at two locations in the diameter direction and lead from the ejection paths 452, 452a to the space 100. This allows the gas flow to flow from the ejection paths 452, 452a through the communication holes 43 and the space 100 and into each gas passage 400 when the gas guide 4 and the crater nozzle base 10 are integrated.

[0079] The gas guiding member 4 is first placed entirely in the circular hole 16 of the nozzle base 10, the guiding portion 41 is inserted into the circular hole 16b, and when the rotating shaft portion 42 comes into contact with the receiving hole 16a, it is rotated and adjusted, and as described above, is fixed inside the nozzle base 10 with the set screw 190. In this state, the nozzles 450, 450a of the gas guiding member 4 are positioned inward of the space 100 at a slight distance from the tip of the nozzle hole 180 (see FIG. 2).

[0080] When the gas guide 4 is integrated with the nozzle base 10, it is secured by a set screw 190, so that the angle at which the nozzles 450, 450a are arranged in the circumferential direction is adjusted to a predetermined angle.

[0081] As will be described later, when heating the press-contact surfaces 500 of the press-contact materials 51, 52, this angle can be freely adjusted with respect to the press-contact surfaces 500 of the press-contact materials 51, 52 when the nozzles 450, 450a are attached to the heating torch 9 and assembled. Note that the angle at which adjustment of the nozzle arrangement is effective is essentially between a perpendicular (90°) state and a parallel (0°) state with respect to the press-contact surfaces 500.

[0082] 1, 2, and 7 to 10, the operation of the nozzle A1 will be described together with the operation of the heating torch 9 incorporating it. Although the present embodiment will be described using the nozzle A1, it goes without saying that nozzles A2, A3, and A4 can be used to adjust the angle of the nozzle arrangement and perform pressure welding in a substantially similar manner.

[0083] First, referring to Figure 7, an outline of the heating torch 9 according to the present invention will be described. The heating torch 9 incorporating the nozzle A1 is a heating torch for gas pressure welding. The heating torch 9 has a gas inlet pipe for introducing combustible gas. A combustible gas supply pipe with a valve and an oxygen supply pipe (neither of which are shown) are connected to the base of the gas inlet pipe so that they can merge.

[0084] A U-shaped branch pipe 91 is connected to the tip of the gas inlet pipe, and burner pipes 92, which are branch horizontal pipes, are connected to opposite ends of the branch pipe 91. The center lines of the gas inlet pipe, branch pipes 91, and each burner pipe 92 are on the same plane (normally on a horizontal plane when installed).

[0085] Each burner tube 92 has four nozzles A1 on the inside thereof, for a total of eight nozzles, which are attached by screwing the base screw pipe portion 11 into the threaded mounting pipe 94. In this embodiment, the number of nozzles is four for each burner tube, but this is not limited to this.

[0086] The fire holes 180 of each nozzle A1 are oriented inward (toward the center on the same plane), i.e., toward the pressure contact materials 51, 52 arranged between each burner tube 92. The edge line of the top edge portion 453 of the tip of the gas guide 4 located near the fire holes 180 of each nozzle A1 is set to be approximately at the same height as and approximately parallel to the center line (reference numeral omitted) of each burner tube 92 and the pressure contact surface 500 (see FIG. 7).

[0087] In addition, above and below the nozzle A1 at the tip and base ends of each burner tube 92, nozzles A1a are attached at a slight angle above and below the horizontal, facing inward relative to the mounting tube 94 in the same way as the nozzle A1, to heat areas slightly above and below the pressure contact surfaces 500 of the pressure contact materials 51 and 52.

[0088] Each nozzle A1a has a structure similar to that of the nozzle A1, but the direction of the ejection passages 452, 452a is set to be approximately perpendicular to the direction of the nozzle A1, i.e., parallel to the circumferential direction of the pressure welding material (see Figure 7). The nozzles A1a are attached to each burner tube 92 at eight locations, two on each side of the top and bottom.

[0089] This allows combustible gas such as propane gas to be supplied from the combustible gas supply pipe and oxygen supply pipe to each of the nozzles A1 and A1a fixed to each mounting pipe 94. Combustible gas mixed with oxygen (hereinafter referred to as combustible gas) is introduced from the circular hole 16 of the nozzle base 10 and enters the branch jetting path 45 of the gas guide 4.

[0090] The pressure of the combustible gas passing through the diverted jet passage 45 is maintained at a substantially constant high pressure, and part of the combustible gas passes through the diverted jet passage 45 and is ejected from the nozzles 450, 450a toward the fire hole 180 so as to spread at a predetermined angle. Another part of the combustible gas passes from the diverted jet passage 45 through the communication holes 43 into the space 100, passes through the gas passages 400, and merges with the combustible gas ejected from the nozzles 450, 450a.

[0091] When the joined combustible gases are ignited, flames are ejected in two directions at a predetermined angle from the fire holes 180 of each nozzle A1 and each nozzle A1a. In this case, the angle of the nozzles 450, 450a of each nozzle A1 (the angle of the top side 453) is a right angle (90°) with respect to the pressure contact surface 500.

[0092] In this state, the flames F1 and F2 that branch out in two directions from each nozzle A1 are not directly applied to the pressure-welding surfaces 500 of the pressure-welding materials 51 and 52, as shown in Figure 9, and form a region R1 of a predetermined width in the vicinity of the pressure-welding surfaces 500 where the heat is sufficient to enable pressure welding (for convenience of illustration, only one nozzle A1 is shown in Figure 9).

[0093] For example, if the pressure-welding materials 51, 52 to be welded are thicker or stronger and a greater amount of heat input is required near the pressure-welding surface 500 during weld-welding, the width of region R1 in the direction sandwiching the pressure-welding surface 500 is adjusted to be narrower as follows.

[0094] That is, the gas conductor 4 is rotated to set the circumferential angle relative to the nozzle base 10 at an appropriate angle (for example, from an angle of 90° relative to the pressure contact surface 500 shown in FIG. 8(a) to an angle of 30° shown in FIG. 8(c)), and then fixed with the set screw 190 before supplying combustible gas to the heating torch 9. The gas conductor 4 can be rotated by using a dedicated rotation operating tool that is hooked onto the nozzles 450, 450a from the front side of the fire hole 180 with the set screw 190 loosened and rotated.

[0095] 10(a), when the gas guide 4 of the nozzle A1 is rotated 60° to the right, the angle of the nozzles 450, 450a becomes 30° with respect to the pressure-welding surface 500. In this state, the width of the region in the direction sandwiching the pressure-welding surface 500 becomes shorter, and the region where the flames F1, F2 are not directly applied to the pressure-welding surface 500 and the vicinity of the pressure-welding surface 500 is heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding becomes region R2, which is narrower than region R1.

[0096] As a result, although the amount of heat generated by the flames F1 and F2 emitted from each nozzle A1, which is at the same height as the center line of each burner tube 92, is constant, the area of ​​region R2 is smaller, so the amount of heat per unit area is larger, and the amount of heat input to a location closer to the pressure contact surface 500 can be increased.

[0097] In addition, each flame that branches into two directions from each nozzle A1a can heat a wide area in the circumferential direction of the axis, which is located a predetermined distance above and below the pressure contact surface 500 of the pressure contact materials 51, 52, so that the pressure contact materials 51, 52, including the pressure contact surface 500, can be heated efficiently.

[0098] Furthermore, with the heating torch 9 incorporating the nozzles A1 and A1a, even if a standard flame using a flammable gas such as propane gas is used from the initial heating stage when pressure welding the pressure welding materials 51 and 52, the standard flame does not directly heat the pressure welding surfaces 500, thereby preventing the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surfaces 500. Furthermore, gas pressure welding of the pressure welding materials 51 and 52 becomes possible without using a reducing agent.

[0099] In this embodiment, the pressure welding materials 51, 52 are supported in a vertical position, and each burner tube 92 of the heating torch 9 is positioned horizontally to perform gas pressure welding. However, this is not limited to this, and the pressure welding materials 51, 52 can also be supported horizontally and each burner tube 92 of the heating torch 9 can be positioned vertically to perform the gas pressure welding.

[0100] 3 shows a gas conductor 4x, which is a modified example of the gas conductor 4. In the following description, in the structure of the gas conductor 4x, parts common to the gas conductor 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the gas conductor 4, and description thereof will be omitted here.

[0101] The gas guide 4x is provided with a gear-shaped guide portion 41x. Unlike the teeth 410 of the guide portion 41, each tooth 410x of the guide portion 41x is inclined at a predetermined angle relative to the axial direction and has a spiral shape, with grooves 411x formed between the teeth 410x.

[0102] When the gas guide 4x is attached to the nozzle base 10 and integrated, a spiral gas passage (not shown) consisting of multiple grooves in the circumferential direction of the guide section 41x is formed over the entire length of the guide section 41x in each groove 411x portion between the inner periphery of the circular hole 16a and the guide section 41x in the space 100.

[0103] During use, gas flows are ejected from the nozzles (not shown) of the gas passages at a predetermined angle relative to the axial direction of the gas guide 4x and discharged in a swirling manner. This expands the area where the outer flame of the flame is formed, and this outer flame formation area serves to prevent oxygen from the atmosphere from being drawn into the inner flame, thereby preventing oxygen from the atmosphere from being drawn into the press-welding surfaces 500 of the press-welding materials 51, 52. This prevents the formation of an oxide film on the press-welding surfaces 500, ensuring good welding of the press-welding surfaces 500.

[0104] Next, the structure of the second nozzle A2 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzle A2) according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 4. The structure of the nozzle base 10 of the nozzle A2 is the same as that of the nozzle base 10 of the nozzle A1, so in the following description, the common parts will be denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the nozzle base 10, and a description thereof will be omitted.

[0105] A gas guide 6 is accommodated in the space 100 of the nozzle base 10 of the nozzle A2 and is positioned at a predetermined height. The gas guide 6 has, in order from the base end, a rotating shaft 62 with a truncated cone-shaped outer shape, a neck 60 with a smaller diameter than the circular hole 16b that forms the fire hole 180, and a guide portion 61 that is approximately spur gear-shaped. Two engagement recesses 64 are provided on the diameter line of the base end of the rotating shaft 62 for engaging a rotation operating tool such as a screwdriver.

[0106] The guide portion 61 has a plurality of teeth 610 in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of grooves 611 are formed between each tooth 610. The outer diameter of the guide portion 61 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the circular hole 16b in the space 100, and the gas guide 6 is rotatable in the circumferential direction and movable back and forth along the inner periphery of the space 100.

[0107] Furthermore, when the gas guide 6 is attached to the nozzle base 10 and integrated, a plurality of gas passages 600 are formed in the space 100 between the inner periphery of the circular hole 16b and the guide portion 61 in the circumferential direction of the guide portion 61, over the entire length of the guide portion 61.

[0108] A diverted flow ejection passage 65 is provided inside the gas guiding member 6 over the entire length thereof. The diverted flow ejection passage 65 has an inlet 651 that narrows toward the front, and a central ejection hole 653 that communicates with the inlet 651 at its base end and penetrates the front end surface of the gas guiding member 6 at its tip end.

[0109] The central injection hole 653 is an elliptical hole whose opening (reference numeral omitted) is slightly bulged in the diameter direction (see FIG. 4B). The tip end surface of the gas guide 6 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide portion 61 (see FIG. 4A).

[0110] The guide portion 61 has two parallel vertical grooves 66 formed in two locations in the diameter direction over approximately the entire length. Each vertical groove 66 is located at the position where the diameter of the central injection hole 653 is smallest, and is provided parallel to the axial direction of the guide portion 61. A plate-shaped divided member 67, which is made by bending a rectangular metal plate at the center, is attached and fixed to each vertical groove 66 over approximately the entire length.

[0111] The bottom of the vertical groove 66 is formed in a generally circular shape with a slightly wider shape, and the bent portion of the divided member 67 is inserted horizontally to prevent it from slipping out. Note that the fixing structure of the divided member 67 is not limited to this, and other structures may be used.

[0112] As a result, central jet hole 653 is divided roughly in half by dividing member 67, dividing the space into two and forming jet paths 652, 652a. The gas flow passes through jet paths 652, 652a and is jetted out from jet ports 650, 650a at the tip. This jetted gas flow spreads in two directions at a predetermined angle along the expansion of the inner surface of central jet hole 653, which has an elliptical opening.

[0113] After the central injection hole 653 of the divided member 67 is separated and attached, it can be expanded by drilling a hole from the upper surface of the middle part of the divided member 67. This allows the flame to spread more reliably and stabilize the flame.

[0114] The shape of the nozzles 650, 650a is not particularly limited, and may be semi-elliptical, semi-circular, or other irregular shapes. This shape, including the shape of the nozzles 650, 650a, is not particularly limited as long as the flame spreads in two directions at a predetermined angle.

[0115] Furthermore, the neck portion 60 is provided with communication holes 63 that penetrate the peripheral wall at two locations in the diameter direction and lead from the central ejection hole 653 to the space 100. This allows the gas flow to flow from the central ejection hole 653 through each communication hole 63 and the space 100 and into each gas passage 600 when the gas guide 6 and the crater nozzle base 10 are integrated.

[0116] The mouth at the tip of the central injection hole 653 can also be formed to be widened like a trumpet. When formed like a trumpet, the gas flow is divided along the surface of the widened mouth, so that the flame can be spread more reliably.

[0117] The gas conductor 6 is fixed inside the nozzle base 10 in the same manner as the gas conductor 4. In this state, the upper end of the gas conductor 6 is located inward of the space 100 at a slight distance from the tip of the fire hole 180 (see FIG. 4(a)).

[0118] When the gas guide 6 and the nozzle base 10 are integrated, the gas guide 6 is secured with a set screw 190, and the arrangement of the ejection passages 652, 652a is adjusted to a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction of the nozzle base 10, thereby creating the nozzle A2.

[0119] Then, a heating torch (not shown) is made by incorporating nozzle A2 in the same manner as nozzle A1, and similarly to heating torch 9 incorporating nozzle A1, a region R1 can be formed in which the flame ejected from nozzle 180 is not directly directed at the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and the heating near the pressure welding surface is sufficient to enable pressure welding.

[0120] Furthermore, as in the case of the nozzle A1, if necessary, the gas guide member 6 can be rotated to adjust the angle of the nozzles 650, 650a, and the width of this area in the direction sandwiching the pressure-welding surface can be narrowed, or other adjustments can be made to suit the characteristics of the pressure-welding material, thereby adjusting the amount of heat input to the vicinity of the pressure-welding surface.

[0121] Next, the structure of a third nozzle A3 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzle A3) according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 5 and 6. The nozzle A3 has a nozzle base 10a. The nozzle base 10a is a hollow body having a space 100a penetrating through its center in the longitudinal direction. The nozzle base 10a has, from the base end, a lower threaded pipe portion 11a, a flange portion 12a, and an upper pipe portion 18a having an outer shape that is approximately hexagonal prism-shaped.

[0122] The lower threaded pipe portion 11a has a male thread (reference numeral omitted) on its outer periphery. A threaded hole 17a is provided on the inner periphery of the space 100a at a portion that corresponds approximately to the lower threaded pipe portion 11a and the flange portion 12a (see FIG. 6).

[0123] The space 100a located above the screw hole 17a penetrates the upper end surface of the upper tube portion 18a, and its tip forms a circular fire hole 180. A screw hole 19 is provided in one location on the peripheral wall of the upper tube portion 18a, penetrating the peripheral wall. A set screw 190 is threaded into the screw hole 19.

[0124] The gas guide 4a is accommodated inside the space 100a and is attached at a predetermined position. The gas guide 4a is provided with, in order from the base end, a lower threaded pipe portion 42a having a male thread (reference numeral omitted) on the outer periphery, a neck portion 40a having a diameter smaller than the space forming the fire hole 180, and a spur gear-shaped guide portion 41a. The lower threaded pipe portion 42a has engagement recesses 44a at two locations on the diameter line of the base end for engaging a rotation tool such as a screwdriver.

[0125] The outer diameter of the guide portion 41a is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the portion above the screw hole 17a in the space 100a, and the portion of the gas guide 4a is rotatable in the circumferential direction and movable back and forth along the inner periphery of the space 100a. In addition, a plurality of gas passages (air passages) 400 are formed in the circumferential direction of the guide portion 41a over the entire length of the guide portion 41a between the inner periphery of the portion above the screw hole 17a in the space 100a and the guide portion 41a.

[0126] A gas feed hole 45a is provided in the center of the gas guide 4a over its entire length. The upper end of the gas feed hole 45a serves as a gas outlet 46. The gas feed hole 45a is a circular hole of the same diameter at the tip side corresponding to the guide portion 41a and the neck portion 40a, and is a tapered hole whose diameter increases downward at the base side corresponding to the lower threaded tube portion 42a (see FIG. 6). In addition, the neck portion 40a is provided with two communication holes 43a in the diametrical direction that penetrate the peripheral wall and communicate with the gas feed hole 45a.

[0127] A stainless steel flow dividing member 3a is attached to the tip of the gas director 4a so as to cross the gas jet port 46 in the diameter direction outside the gas jet port 46, thereby forming jet ports 460, 460a.

[0128] The flow diverting member 3a is a pin-shaped member of a predetermined length with a circular cross section. One end of the flow diverting member 3a is inserted into a through-hole 47 provided in the guide portion 41a corresponding to the groove of the spur gear, and the flow diverting member 3a is fixed by, for example, rotating it upward so that it crosses the gas outlet 46, and bending the other end to fit into the groove (see the lower diagram in Figure 5).

[0129] In addition, by providing a through hole 47 on the opposite side of the gas guide 4a, and forming the flow dividing member into a straight pin shape without bending the end like the flow dividing member 3a, and passing it through both through holes 47 and fixing the gas outlet 46 horizontally, it is also possible to divide the gas flow.

[0130] 6, the gas guiding portion 41a of the gas guiding portion 4a is inserted into the screw hole 17a of the nozzle base 10a, and when the male thread of the lower screw pipe portion 42a engages with the female thread of the screw hole 17a, it is rotated and screwed together, and can be screwed into the depths of the space 100a. Furthermore, even if the guiding portion 41a enters the part of the space 100a where the fire hole 180 is located, the gas guiding portion 4a can be screwed further in and moved, and fixed by tightening the set screw 190 at an appropriate position, and the guiding portion 41a can be integrated to form the nozzle A3.

[0131] In addition, when the gas conductor 4a and the nozzle base 10a are integrated, the diverter member 3a provided on the gas conductor 4a is fixed by a set screw 190, positioned slightly inward from the fire hole 180, and adjusted to form a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction.

[0132] Then, a heating torch (not shown) is made by incorporating nozzle A3 in the same manner as nozzle A1, and similarly to heating torch 9 incorporating nozzle A1, a region R1 can be formed in which the flame ejected from nozzle 180 is not directly directed at the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material, and the heating near the pressure welding surface is sufficient to enable pressure welding.

[0133] Furthermore, as in the case of the nozzle A1, if necessary, the gas guide member 4a can be rotated to adjust the angle of the nozzles 460, 460a, and the width of this area in the direction sandwiching the pressure-welding surface can be narrowed, or other adjustments can be made to suit the characteristics of the pressure-welding material, thereby adjusting the amount of heat input near the pressure-welding surface.

[0134] As described above, the nozzles A1, A2, and A3 can be similarly incorporated into the heating torch 9 for use, and a standard flame using a flammable gas such as propane gas may be used from the initial heating stage when pressure welding the pressure welding materials 51 and 52. That is, the standard flame does not directly heat the pressure welding surfaces 500 in the regions R1 and R2, and the vicinity of the pressure welding surfaces 500 is heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding, thereby preventing the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surfaces 500 during the pressure welding operation.

[0135] Next, the structure of a fourth nozzle A4 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzle A4) according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 11 and 12. The nozzle A4 has a nozzle base 10a. The nozzle base 10a has the same structure as the nozzle base 10a of the nozzle A3, so a description of the structure will be omitted here.

[0136] The gas guide 4b is housed inside the space 100a of the burner base 10a and is attached at a predetermined position (height). The gas guide 4b is provided, in order from the base end, with a lower threaded pipe portion 42b having a male thread (reference numeral omitted) on the outer periphery, a neck portion 40b whose diameter is smaller than the space forming the fire hole 180 (described later), and a guide portion 41b. The guide portion 41b has gear-like teeth arranged in a spiral along its entire length in the axial direction of the gas guide portion 41b. Two engagement recesses 44b are provided on the diameter line of the lower threaded pipe portion 42b for engaging a rotation tool such as a screwdriver.

[0137] The outer diameter of the guide portion 41b is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the portion above the screw hole 17a in the space 100a, and the portion of the gas guide 4b is rotatable and movable back and forth along the inner periphery of the space 100a. Furthermore, between the inner periphery of the portion above the screw hole 17a in the space 100a and the guide portion 41b, eight gas flow paths (air passages) 400 are formed in the circumferential direction of the guide portion 41b over the entire length of the guide portion 41b.

[0138] A gas feed hole 45b is provided in the center of the gas guide 4b over its entire length. The upper end of the gas feed hole 45b serves as a gas outlet 450. The gas feed hole 45b is a circular hole of the same diameter at the tip side corresponding to the guide portion 41b and the neck portion 40b, and is a tapered hole whose diameter increases downward at the base side corresponding to the lower threaded tube portion 42b. In addition, the neck portion 40b is provided with communication holes 43b at two diametrical locations that penetrate the peripheral wall and lead to the gas feed hole 45b.

[0139] Similar to the above-mentioned flow dividing member 3a, a stainless steel pin-shaped flow dividing member 3b of a predetermined length with a circular cross section is attached to the tip of the gas director 4b so as to cross the gas director 450 in the diameter direction outside the gas outlet 450. As shown in Fig. 11, the gas director 4b is attached by screwing to the nozzle base 10a, similar to the above-mentioned guide portion 41a, and is integrated with the nozzle A4.

[0140] The flow dividing member 3b provided on the gas conductor 4b is fixed by a set screw 190 and positioned slightly inward from the fire hole 180 when the gas conductor 4b and the nozzle base 10a are integrated, and is adjusted so as to form a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. This angle is an angle that becomes parallel to the pressure welding surfaces 500 of the materials to be pressure welded 51, 52 when the gas conductor 4b is attached to and assembled in the heating torch 9, similar to the above nozzles A1, A2, and A3.

[0141] (Function of Nozzle A4) Nozzle A4 is attached to the burner tubes 92 and 93 of the heating torch 9 in the same manner as the above-mentioned nozzle A1. Nozzle A4 is fixed by screwing the lower threaded tube portion 11a of the nozzle base 10a into the mounting tube 94, which is a threaded tube provided on the burner tubes 92 and 93. At this time, the flow dividing member 3b is set so as to be approximately the same height as the center lines of the burner tubes 92 and 93 and approximately parallel to them.

[0142] Combustible gas can be supplied to the nozzle A4 fixed to the mounting pipe 94. The combustible gas is introduced through the screw hole 17a in the nozzle base 10a and enters the gas supply hole 45b in the gas guide 4b. The pressure of the combustible gas passing through the gas supply hole 45b is maintained at a substantially constant high pressure, and a portion of the combustible gas is ejected from the gas ejection port 450 at the tip of the gas supply hole 45b toward the fire hole 180.

[0143] Another portion of the combustible gas flows from gas supply hole 45b through communication hole 43b into space 100a, passes through each gas passage (ventilation path) 400, and merges with the combustible gas ejected from gas ejection port 450. The merged combustible gas passes through fire hole 180 and is ejected to the outside.

[0144] Before being ejected, the gas flow is ejected from the outlet of each gas passage (ventilation path) 400 at a predetermined angle to the longitudinal direction of the gas guide 4b and is discharged in a swirling manner, and is further divided into two directions by the flow dividing member 3b located slightly inside the space 100a and away from the fire hole 180. As a result, the flame after ignition is divided into flame F1 and flame F2 (see Figure 9), and a region R1 is formed in which the flames F1 and F2 do not directly impinge on the press-fit surfaces 500 of the press-fit materials 51 and 52 and the vicinity of the press-fit surfaces 500 is heated sufficiently to enable press-fitting.

[0145] The gas flow is discharged in a swirling manner from each gas passage (ventilation passage) 400, thereby expanding the area where the outer flame is formed, and this outer flame formation area serves to prevent oxygen from being drawn into the inner flame. Furthermore, by preventing oxygen from being drawn into the press-fitting surfaces 500, which are the butt joints of the press-fit materials 51 and 52, the formation of an oxide film on the press-fitting surfaces 500 is suppressed, resulting in extremely good welding.

[0146] The gas conductor 4b of the nozzle A4 is rotatable in the circumferential direction, and its angle can be adjusted by rotating the flow dividing member 3b. This makes it possible to align the region R1, which is created by dividing the gas flow in two directions, with the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material. Furthermore, the gas conductor 4b can be moved forward and backward by rotating it to change the screw position of the lower threaded tube portion 42b, so that the distance from the fire hole 180 can be adjusted if necessary.

[0147] Next, the structure of a fifth nozzle A5 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzle A5) according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 13 to 15. The nozzle A5 has a nozzle base 10c. The nozzle base 10c is a hollow body having a space 100c penetrating through its center in the longitudinal direction (the vertical direction in Figure 14). The nozzle base 10c is composed of a base member 1c and a tip member 2c.

[0148] The base member 1c has, in order from the base end side (the lower end side in FIG. 14), a lower threaded pipe portion 11c, a flange portion 12c, and an upper threaded pipe portion 13c. In this embodiment, the portion between the flange portion 12c and the upper threaded pipe portion 13c is a tip member remaining portion 16c having a flat hexagonal column shape.

[0149] The lower threaded pipe portion 11c has a male thread (reference numeral omitted) on its outer periphery. Furthermore, the portion of the space 100c that roughly corresponds to the lower threaded pipe portion 11c is a tapered hole 14c with a larger inner diameter on the lower side. The cross-sectional shape of the tapered hole 14c is circular.

[0150] The space 100c located above the tapered hole 14c is a press-fit hole 15c having a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the upper end of the tapered hole 14c. The press-fit hole 15c has a circular cross section and is located at a position substantially corresponding to the upper threaded pipe portion 13c and the flange portion 12c (see FIG. 14).

[0151] The gas guiding member 4c is accommodated and fixed in the press-fit hole 15c. The gas guiding member 4c has a neck portion 40c whose diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the upper end of the tapered hole 14c and which is hung on the step portion between the tapered hole 14c and the press-fit hole 15c. A spur gear-shaped guiding portion 41c (see guiding portion 41a in FIG. 5) is provided on the upper portion of the neck portion 40c.

[0152] The outer diameter (maximum diameter) of the guide portion 41c is formed slightly larger than the inner diameter of the press-fit hole 15c, and the gas guide 4c is press-fitted into the press-fit hole 15c and fixed so that its upper end is located lower than the upper end of the upper threaded pipe portion 13c (see FIG. 14). As a result, between the inner periphery of the press-fit hole 15c and the guide portion 41c, gas passages (ventilation paths) 400c (shown by reference symbols in FIG. 14 for convenience) are formed at eight locations in the circumferential direction of the guide portion 41c over the entire length of the guide portion 41c.

[0153] A gas feed hole 45c is provided in the center of the gas guide 4c over the entire length. Furthermore, the neck 40c is provided with communication holes 43c at two locations in the diameter direction, which penetrate the peripheral wall and lead to the gas feed hole 45c.

[0154] The tip member 2c has a generally hexagonal prism shape, with a threaded tube portion 21c at its base. A circular fire hole 20c with a predetermined inner diameter is formed at the tip of the tip member 2c. The inner periphery of the threaded tube portion 21c has a female screw (reference number omitted).

[0155] The number of pitches of the female thread is greater than the number of pitches of the male thread of the upper threaded tube portion 13c, so that there is an excess threaded portion even when the tip member 2c is tightened (see Figure 14). The fire hole 20c and the inner periphery of the threaded tube portion 21c form the space 100c.

[0156] A flow diverter 3c is attached to the female thread of the threaded tube portion 21c of the tip member 2c. The flow diverter 3c is a pin-shaped member with a circular cross section and a predetermined length. Both ends of the flow diverter 3c can be fitted into the grooves of the female thread and hung across the thread.

[0157] The flow diverting member 3c is then rotated along the groove in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the flow diverting member 3c while remaining across the fire hole 20c, and is then screwed in. This allows the flow diverting member 3c to be fixed at a desired depth position of the female thread (the remaining portion of the male and female threads). This also allows the flow diverting member 3c to be positioned a predetermined distance slightly inward of the space 100c from the fire hole 20c.

[0158] The material of the flow dividing member 3c is, for example, stainless steel, but is not limited to this and other metal materials can be used as long as they have sufficient fire resistance (heat resistance). Also, although the cross-sectional shape is circular in this embodiment, it is not limited to this and can be formed into, for example, an oval, triangle, square, or other polygonal shape in order to divide the direction of the flame into two. The same applies to the burners A6 and A7 described later.

[0159] The tip member 2c to which the flow-diverting member 3c is attached is then fastened to the base member 1c to which the gas guide 4c is fixed by screwing the female thread of the threaded tube portion 21c into the male thread of the upper threaded tube portion 13c of the base member 1c, and is fixed to the base member 1c and integrated to form the nozzle A5.

[0160] The flow dividing member 3c attached to the tip member 2c is pressed by the upper end of the upper threaded pipe portion 13c when the tip member 2c and the base member 1c are integrated, and is adjusted to a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. This angle is an angle at which the flow dividing member 3c is parallel to the pressure welding surfaces 500 of the materials to be pressure welded 51, 52 when the tip member 2c is incorporated into the heating torch 9, as will be described later.

[0161] 16 to 18, the heating torch 9c of the present invention will be described. The heating torch 9c incorporating the nozzle A5 is a heating torch for gas pressure welding. The heating torch 9c has a gas inlet pipe 90c for introducing a combustible gas. A combustible gas supply pipe and an oxygen supply pipe (both not shown) having valves (reference numerals omitted) are connected to the base of the gas inlet pipe 90c so that they can merge.

[0162] A U-shaped branch pipe 91c is connected to the tip of the gas inlet pipe 90c, and burner pipes 92c and 93c, which are branch horizontal pipes, are connected to both ends of the branch pipe 91c in opposing directions. The centerlines of the gas inlet pipe 90c, the branch pipe 91c, and the burner pipes 92c and 93c are on the same plane (normally on a horizontal plane when installed).

[0163] Four nozzles A5 are attached to the inside of each of the burner tubes 92c and 93c. In this embodiment, the number of nozzles is four for each, but this is not limited to four, and if the diameter of the pressure welding material is large, the number may be set to, for example, five to ten.

[0164] Each nozzle A5 has its fire hole 20c facing inward (towards the center on the same plane), and the diverting member 3c located near each fire hole 20c is set to be at approximately the same height as and approximately parallel to the center line of the burner tubes 92c, 93c (see Figure 17).

[0165] In addition, above and below the nozzle A5 at the front and rear ends of the burner tubes 92c and 93c, nozzles A0 are provided at a slight angle above and below the horizontal and facing inward in the same way as nozzle A5, to heat portions of the pressure-welding materials 51 and 52 that are slightly away in the vertical direction from the pressure-welding surfaces 500.

[0166] (Function of the nozzle A5 and heating torch 9c) The nozzle A5 is attached to a predetermined position of the burner tubes 92c and 93c of the heating torch 9c. The nozzle A5 is fixed by screwing the lower threaded tube portion 11c of the nozzle base 10c into the mounting tube 94c, which is a threaded tube provided on the burner tubes 92c and 93c (see Figures 16 to 18).

[0167] Combustible gas (e.g., a mixture of propane gas and oxygen) can be supplied to the nozzle A5 fixed to the mounting tube 94c. The combustible gas is introduced through the tapered hole 14c of the base member 1c and enters the gas supply hole 45c of the gas guide 4c. The pressure of the combustible gas passing through the gas supply hole 45c is maintained at a substantially constant high pressure, and a portion of the combustible gas is ejected from the tip of the gas supply hole 45c toward the fire hole 20c.

[0168] Another portion of the combustible gas enters space 100c from gas supply hole 45c through communication hole 43c, passes through each gas passage (ventilation path) 400c, and merges with the combustible gas ejected from the tip of gas supply hole 45c. The merged combustible gas passes through fire hole 20c and is ejected to the outside, but before ejecting, it is divided into two directions by flow dividing member 3c, which is located away from fire hole 20c and slightly inside space 100c.

[0169] As a result, the flame after ignition is divided into flame F1 and flame F2, and a "region R1 that is heated sufficiently to allow pressure welding" is formed. Note that in FIG. 18, region R1 is shown in pressure welding materials 51 and 52 for convenience, and is aligned with the pressure welding surface 500.

[0170] Furthermore, with the heating torch 9c incorporating the nozzle A5, even if a standard flame using propane gas or the like as a fuel gas is used from the initial heating stage when pressing the press-welding materials 51 and 52 together, the standard flames F1 and F2 do not directly heat the press-welding surface 500 in the region R1, so that the formation of an oxide film on the press-welding surface 500 can be prevented (oxidation prevention) without using a reducing agent.

[0171] In this embodiment, the pressure welding materials 51 and 52 are supported in a vertical position, and the burner tubes 92c and 93c of the heating torch 9c are positioned horizontally to perform gas pressure welding. However, this is not limited to this, and the pressure welding materials 51 and 52 can also be supported horizontally and the burner tubes 92c and 93c of the heating torch 9c can be positioned vertically to perform gas pressure welding.

[0172] Next, the structure of a sixth nozzle A6 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzle A6) according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figure 19. The nozzle A6 has a structure in which, for example, in the nozzle A5 described above, the tip member 2c is an integral type nozzle, and a flow diverting member 3d is integrally molded so as to cross the fire hole 20c in the diametrical direction, and the cross section of the flow diverting member 3d is rectangular.

[0173] The nozzle A6 divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole 20c into two directions, upper and lower, thereby forming the region R1 with a predetermined width. In this embodiment, the flow diverter 3d is provided in the fire hole (reference number omitted), and during heating, the flow diverter 3d is heated by the flame. However, since the tip member (reference number omitted) is made of titanium, which has excellent fire resistance, the flow diverter 3d also has excellent fire resistance, and even if a flashback occurs, damage to the flow diverter 3d can be prevented.

[0174] 20 and 21, the structure of a seventh nozzle A7 (hereinafter simply referred to as nozzle A7) according to the present invention will be described. The nozzle A7 is a nozzle with an integrated tip member 2c, similar to the nozzle A5 described above, except that a groove 182e is formed in the tip of the tip member 2e of the nozzle base 10e in the direction of the diameter of the nozzle hole 180e. A titanium pin-shaped flow diverter 3e with a circular cross section and a predetermined length is fitted into this groove 182e and hammered into place.

[0175] The nozzle A7 divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole 180e into two, upper and lower, directions, forming a "region R1 heated sufficiently to allow pressure welding" with a predetermined width. In this embodiment, the flow diverter 3e is provided in the fire hole 180e, and is heated by the flame during heating. However, since the flow diverter 3e is made of titanium, which has excellent fire resistance, damage to the flow diverter 3e can be prevented even if a flashback occurs.

[0176] The nozzles A5, A6, and A7 can be incorporated into the heating torch 9c in the same way as the nozzle 4, and even if a standard flame using propane gas or the like as a fuel gas is used from the initial heating stage when pressing the pressure welding materials 51 and 52 together, the standard flames F1 and F2 do not directly heat the pressure welding surface 500 in the region R1, so that the formation of an oxide film on the pressure welding surface 500 can be prevented without using a reducing agent.

[0177] The terms and expressions used in the present specification and claims are merely for explanatory purposes and are not limiting in any way, and are not intended to exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the features described in the present specification and claims and parts thereof. It goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

[0178] A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A0 Crater 1c Base member 10, 10a, 10c, 10e Crater base 100, 100a, 100c Space 11 Base threaded pipe part 11a, 11c Lower threaded pipe part 12, 12a, 12c Flange part 13c Upper threaded pipe part 14c Tapered hole 15c Press-fit hole 16 Circular hole 16a Receiving hole 16b Circular hole 16c Tip member remainder 17a Screw hole 18 Tip tube portion 18a Upper tube portion 180, 180e Fire hole 181 Chamfered portion 182e Groove 19 Screw hole 190 Set screw 2c, 2e Tip member 20c Fire hole 21c Threaded pipe part 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e Diversion member 4, 4x, 4a, 4b, 4c Gas derivative 400, 400c Gas passage 40, 40a, 40b, 40c Neck 41, 41x, 41a, 41b, 41c Guide portion 410, 410x Teeth 411, 411x Groove 42 Base threaded pipe portion 42a, 42b Lower threaded pipe portion 43, 43a, 43b, 43c Communication hole 44, 44a, 44b Engagement recess 45 Divided flow jetting path 45a, 45b, 45c Gas supply hole 450, 450a, 460, 460a Spout port 451 Inlet port 452, 452a jetting path 453 Top part 46 Gas outlet 47 Through holes 51, 52 Press-fit material 500 Press-fit surface 6 Gas guide 61 Guide portion 610 Teeth 611 Groove 600 Gas passage 62 Base threaded pipe portion 60 Neck portion 63 Communication hole 64 Engagement recess 65 Branched jet passage 651 Inlet 652, 652a Jet passage 653 Central jet hole 650, 650a Jet port 66 Vertical groove 67 Dividing member 9, 9c Heating torch 90c Gas introduction pipe 91, 91c Branch pipe 92, 92c, 93c Burner pipe 94, 94c Mounting pipe F1, F2 Flame

Claims

1. A nozzle comprising: a nozzle base having a fire hole at its tip; and a gas guide located inside the nozzle base, configured to be rotatable in the circumferential direction relative to the nozzle base and to be fixed at a predetermined position, which divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole, prevents the flame from directly hitting the welding surface of the welding material, and forms an area in which the vicinity of the welding surface is sufficiently heated to enable welding.

2. The nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the width of the region can be changed by rotating the gas guide in the circumferential direction of the nozzle base.

3. A nozzle comprising: a nozzle base with a fire hole at its tip; a gas guide inside the nozzle base; and a branching outlet passage provided in the gas guide for dividing the gas flow passing through the fire hole, preventing the flame from directly hitting the welded surface of the welded material, and forming an area of ​​a specified width in which the vicinity of the welded surface is heated sufficiently to enable welded material to be welded; wherein the tip of the gas guide is shaped like a gear to form multiple gas passages between the nozzle base and the tip, and each tooth is arranged parallel to or inclined relative to the axial direction of the gas guide.

4. A hollow nozzle base having a fire hole at its tip, and a flow dividing member disposed in the vicinity of the fire hole of the nozzle base so as to cross the fire hole and divides the gas flow passing through the fire hole into two directions to prevent the flame from directly hitting the pressure welding surface and to form an area of ​​a specified width in which the vicinity of the pressure welding surface is heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding.

5. The nozzle according to claim 4, wherein the flow dividing member is provided at a predetermined distance from the tip of the fire hole toward the inside of the nozzle base.

6. The burner according to claim 4, wherein the burner base has a base member and a tip member attached to the base member and having the fire hole formed therein, and the flow diverter member is arranged so as to be rotatable in a direction intersecting with the axial direction while maintaining a state in which it crosses the fire hole.

7. The burner according to claim 4, wherein said burner base comprises a base member and a tip member rotatably attached to said base member and provided with said fire hole.

8. A nozzle as described in claim 4, further comprising a gas guide section located inside the nozzle base for introducing combustible gas into the nozzle base and cooperating with the nozzle base to guide the combustible gas to the nozzle hole, and the flow dividing member is provided at the tip of the gas guide section so as to cross the gas outlet leading to the nozzle hole.

9. A gas pressure welding method comprising the steps of: using a heating torch having a nozzle attached to a burner tube, the nozzle having a nozzle base with a fire hole at the tip and a gas inductor inside the nozzle base for dividing the gas flow passing through the fire hole; rotating the gas inductor in the circumferential direction of the nozzle base so that the flame is not directly applied to the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material; adjusting the width of the area where the heating near the pressure welding surface has been sufficient to enable pressure welding; and overlapping the area with the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material to heat it.

10. A gas pressure welding method comprising the steps of: providing a nozzle inside a burner tube; the nozzle base of the nozzle having a flow dividing member that crosses the hole; directing the hole toward the center inside each burner tube; dividing the gas flow passing through the hole of the nozzle base into two by the flow dividing member so that the flame is not directly applied to the pressure welding surface; forming an area of ​​a specified width in which the vicinity of the pressure welding surface has been heated sufficiently to enable pressure welding; and heating the area so that it overlaps the pressure welding surface of the pressure welding material.

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