Pressurized self-condensation steam-driven system

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a pressurized self-condensation steam-driven system, comprising a steam-driven acting device and a condensation device. Two inlets and two outlets are formed inside the condensation device, and the steam-driven acting device is provided with two steam outlets. One of the two steam outlets of the steam-driven acting device serves as a cooling source and communicates with one steam inlet of the condensation device, while the other steam outlet thereof serves as a source to be cooled and communicates with the other steam inlet of the condensation device. When the steam temperature at the cooling source is higher than or equal to the steam boiling point at the source to be cooled, a steam pressurizing device is provided on a pipeline connected between the steam outlet of the steam-driven acting device serving as the source to be cooled and the corresponding inlet of the condensation device. One outlet of the condensation device communicates with a liquid inlet end of a vaporization device via a liquid recovery device, and the other outlet of the condensation device communicates with a steam compression device. The steam compression device communicates with a steam inlet of the steam-driven acting device, or / and communicates with the liquid inlet end of the vaporization device via the liquid recovery device. The steam outlet end of the vaporization device is connected to the steam inlet of the steam acting device. The present invention recovers and utilizes a liquid acting medium and the exhaust heat energy of the steam-driven system so as to achieve self-condensation, and allows the steam-driven acting device to get rid of environmental dependence, thereby improving the heat energy utilization efficiency of traditional steam turbines.

Description

A pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pneumatic system structure, in particular to a pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system. Background Art

[0002] A steam turbine, also known as a steam turbine engine, is a rotary steam-powered device. High-temperature, high-pressure steam passes through a fixed nozzle, accelerating into a stream before being ejected onto blades. This causes the rotor, equipped with rows of blades, to rotate, simultaneously producing work. Steam turbines are a staple of modern thermal power plants and are also used in the metallurgical and chemical industries, as well as in ship propulsion systems.

[0003] For example, in a thermal power generation system, high-temperature, high-pressure steam drives the turbine to perform work, forming low-pressure steam exhaust. The traditional method of exhaust steam from the turbine is to discharge it directly. However, the heat in the exhaust steam accounts for 35% to 40% of the total energy. Direct discharge will cause a large amount of energy loss and affect the surrounding living environment. Water coolers are also used to cool the low-pressure steam into condensate, but the water consumption is relatively high.

[0004] In the prior art, air-cooled condensers are used for cooling to save water consumption. Existing air-cooled condensers utilize the surrounding environment for cooling. Their structure is generally a finned tube bundle arranged in a "herringbone" shape, and an axial-flow blower is arranged directly below the finned tube bundle. The steam exhausted by the steam turbine flows from the steam chamber arranged at the top of the finned tube bundle into two rows of finned tube bundles. The steam flow formed by the axial-flow blower forms an air flow channel between the fins on the tube bundle, thereby allowing the steam in the finned tube bundle to exchange heat with the air on the outer wall of the finned tube bundle, thereby condensing the steam into water for recycling.

[0005] It is highly dependent on the environment. For example, in the summer when the steam temperature is high, the temperature difference between the steam and the external air is small, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency of the air-cooled condenser. In order to improve the heat exchange effect, measures are usually taken to increase the number of finned tube bundles to increase the heat exchange area, but this increases the investment cost and affects the recycling efficiency.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pressurized self-condensing steam power system that can get rid of dependence on the environment and improve the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the steam turbine.

[0008] The principle of the present invention is to utilize the fact that the greater the pressure is during the conversion of liquid into gas, the higher the boiling point is. In a set of devices, the gas working in the pneumatic system is formed into two gas paths with different pressures and temperatures by pressurization and / or work. The low-temperature and low-pressure gas is used to cool and liquefy the other high-temperature and high-pressure gas through heat exchange. At the same time, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas after heat exchange is reheated and pressurized, and introduced into the front end of the pneumatic work device to perform work again, thereby realizing the entire pneumatic cycle.

[0009] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a pressurized autocondensing pneumatic system, comprising a pneumatic work device that converts high-temperature and high-pressure steam into low-temperature and low-pressure steam while outputting kinetic energy, and a condensing device that performs heat exchange, the condensing device being internally provided with two inlets and outlets, and the pneumatic work device being provided with two steam outlets;

[0010] One of the two steam outlets of the pneumatic working device serves as a cooling source and is connected to one steam inlet of the condensing device, and the other steam outlet serves as a cooled source and is connected to another steam inlet of the condensing device. When the steam temperature of the cooling source is higher than or equal to the boiling point of the steam of the cooled source, a steam pressurizing device is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam outlet of the pneumatic working device serving as the cooled source and the corresponding inlet of the condensing device.

[0011] One outlet of the condensing device is connected to the liquid inlet of the vaporizing device through the liquid recovery device, and the other outlet of the condensing device is connected to the vapor compression device;

[0012] The vapor compression device is connected to the vapor inlet of the pneumatic working device, or / and is connected to the liquid inlet of the vaporization device through the liquid recovery device; the vapor outlet of the vaporization device is connected to the vapor inlet of the vapor working device.

[0013] Preferably, the steam with lower temperature in the two steam outlets of the pneumatic working device serves as a cooling source and is connected to one steam inlet of the condensing device, and the steam with higher temperature in the other steam outlet serves as a cooled source and is directly connected to the other steam inlet of the condensing device.

[0014] Preferably, the pneumatic power generating device adopts a steam turbine, which is used to act on the power generating device.

[0015] Preferably, the steam pressurizing device is a steam compressor, which is driven by electricity or / and driven by a pneumatic power device through a transmission and a clutch.

[0016] Preferably, it further comprises a steam control valve, which is installed on the connecting pipeline between the steam outlet end of the vaporization device and the steam working device.

[0017] Preferably, the vaporization device includes a vaporization container, and an air-steam heat exchanger and / or a fuel heater is provided on the liquid inlet end of the vaporization container.

[0018] Preferably, the condensing device further comprises a vapor-liquid separator connected to the outlet of the condensing pipe, and the vapor-liquid separator is connected to the liquid recovery device.

[0019] Preferably, the liquid recovery device includes a liquid pump, which is driven by electricity and / or driven by a pneumatic working device through a second transmission and a clutch.

[0020] Preferably, the gas compression device is a gas compressor, which is driven by electricity and / or driven by a pneumatic working device through a clutch.

[0021] Preferably, a heat exchanger is further included, which is connected between the cooling source outlet of the condensing device and the vapor compression device, and is either an air heat exchanger or a vapor heat source exchanger or both.

[0022] Preferably, a liquid medium is also included, and the boiling point of the liquid medium under normal pressure is lower than the natural environment temperature, and the liquid medium can be one or two.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0024] The present invention realizes the recycling and utilization of liquid working medium and tail heat energy in the pneumatic system, achieves self-condensation, frees the pneumatic working device from dependence on the environment, improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency of traditional steam turbines, and can convert air energy into kinetic energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] 1. Pneumatic power device; 1-1. Steam turbine; 1-2, 1-3, 1-4. Steam check valve; 2. Vaporization device; 2-1. Vaporization container; 2-2. Air heat exchanger; 2-3. Liquid medium; 2-4. Liquid pump; 2-5. Check valve; 3. Steam control valve; 4. Steam compression device; 5. Condensation device; 5-1. Condenser; 5-2. Vapor-liquid separator; 5-3. Check valve 1; 5-4. Valve; 6. Liquid recovery device; 6-1. Liquid pump; 6-2. Second transmission and clutch; 7. Steam pressurizing device; 7-1. Steam compressor; 7-2. Transmission and clutch; 7-3. Check valve 2; 7-4. Check valve 3; 8. Power equipment; 9. Heat exchanger; 10. Second vapor-liquid separator; 10-1. Control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection is not limited to this embodiment. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. At the same time, it should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Referring to FIG1 , the pressurized self-condensing steam system of this embodiment includes a steam-powered working device 1 for converting high-temperature and high-pressure steam into low-temperature and low-pressure steam while outputting kinetic energy, and a condensing device 5 for performing heat exchange. The condensing device 5 is internally provided with two inlets and outlets. The steam-powered working device 1 is provided with two steam outlets. When there is a temperature difference between the steam outlets of the steam-powered working device 1, such as one being the tail steam outlet and the other being the middle steam outlet, since the steam outlet temperature of the middle steam outlet is higher than the steam outlet temperature of the tail steam outlet, the steam outlet with the lower temperature serves as a cooling source and the steam outlet with the higher temperature serves as a cooled source. The steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 is connected to one of the inlets of the condensing device 5, that is, it is connected to the condenser 5-1 in the condensing device 5, and the tail steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 is connected to the other inlet of the condensing device 5 through a pipeline, that is, the cooling source of the condensing device 5; the outlet of one route of the condenser tube 5-1 in the condensing device 5 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the vaporizing device 2 through the liquid recovery device 6, and the outlet of one route of the cooling source of the condensing device 5 is connected to the steam compression device, the steam compression device 4 is connected to the steam inlet of the pneumatic working device 1, and the steam outlet end of the vaporizing device 2 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam working device 1, and a steam one-way valve and a one-way valve are connected to each pipeline.

[0030] In this embodiment, a portion of the medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam (referred to as medium steam) in the pneumatic working device 1 that has not yet completed work is introduced into the condenser 5-1 in the condensing device 5. At the same time, another portion of the medium steam continues to work through the pneumatic working device 1 and becomes low-temperature and low-pressure steam (referred to as tail steam). The tail steam also enters the condensing device 5 as a cooling source through another circuit. Since the boiling point of the steam increases with the increase of pressure, the pressure of the medium steam is higher and the boiling point is also higher. As long as the temperature of the tail steam serving as the cooling source is lower than the boiling point of the medium steam, the tail steam can cool and liquefy the medium steam in the condenser 5-1 through heat exchange. The liquefied liquid re-enters the vaporizing device 2 through the liquid recovery device 6. The tail steam that completes the heat exchange is pressurized through the steam compression device 4 and introduced into the front end of the pneumatic working device 1 to perform work again.

[0031] A switchable steam pressurizing device 7 is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 serving as a cooling source and the inlet corresponding to the condensing device 5. When the temperature of the steam serving as the cooling source is higher than the boiling point of the steam source being cooled, the relevant valves are controlled to activate the steam pressurizing device 7 to pressurize the steam source being cooled.

[0032] The high-temperature outlet steam can also be used as the cooling source, and the low-temperature outlet steam can be used as the cooled source. At this time, the steam temperature of the cooling source is higher than the boiling point of the cooled source steam. A steam pressurizing device 7 is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 used as the cooling source and the inlet corresponding to the condensing device 5.

[0033] Among them, the vaporization device 2 vaporizes the liquid by increasing the temperature; the gas working device 1 converts the high-temperature and high-pressure gas into kinetic energy through the internal structure; the condensing device 5 condenses the gas into liquefaction; the liquid recovery device 6 recovers the liquefied liquid to the vaporization device 2, and the gas compression device 4 pressurizes part of the low-temperature and low-pressure gas used for condensation and reintroduces it into the gas working device 1 to perform work.

[0034] Specifically, the pneumatic working device 1 adopts a steam turbine, which is used to act on the working device 8. There are one or more steam turbines. When there are two steam turbines, the steam outlet of one steam turbine serves as a cooling source for the condensing device 5, and the steam outlet of the other steam turbine serves as a cooled source for the condensing device 5. The types of liquid media used by the two steam turbines may be different; the steam pressurizing device 7 is a steam compressor 7-1, and the steam compressor 7-1 is driven by electricity and / or driven by the pneumatic working device 1 through a transmission and a clutch 7-2. In this embodiment, the structure of the transmission and the clutch 7-2 is adopted, and the pressurizing device is driven to work by its own power.

[0035] Specifically, this embodiment further includes a steam control valve 3 , which is installed on the connecting pipeline between the steam outlet of the vaporization device 2 and the steam working device 1 . The steam control valve 3 controls whether the steam in the vaporization device 2 flows out and the amount of the outflow.

[0036] Specifically, the vaporization device 2 includes a vaporization container 2-1. An air heat exchanger 2-2 and / or a fuel heater are provided at the liquid inlet end of the vaporization container 2-1. A liquid medium 2-3 is contained within the vaporization container 2-1. A liquid pump 2-4 is provided on the pipeline of the vaporization device 2. The liquid medium 2-3 has a boiling point lower than the natural ambient temperature at normal pressure and can be one or two types.

[0037] Specifically, the condensing device 5 further includes a vapor-liquid separator 5-2 connected to the outlet of the condensing tube 5-1, and the vapor-liquid separator 5-2 is connected to the liquid recovery device 6. The condensing tube 5-1 in the condensing device 5 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. Capillaries can be woven into a mesh structure and / or the flow tube can be fixed to the mesh structure with good thermal conductivity. The purpose is to maximize the contact area with other gas in the condensing device 5 and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0038] Specifically, the liquid recovery device 6 includes a liquid pump 6-1, which is driven by electricity and / or driven by the pneumatic working device 1 through the second transmission and clutch 6-2. In this embodiment, the structure of the second transmission and clutch 6-2 uses its own power to drive the liquid pump 6-1 to work.

[0039] Specifically, the gas compression device 4 is a gas compressor, which is driven by electricity and / or driven by the pneumatic working device 1 through a clutch, and uses its own power to drive the gas compression equipment to work.

[0040] Specifically, this embodiment also includes a heat exchanger 9, which is connected between the cooling source outlet of the condensing device 5 and the vapor compression device 4. The heat exchanger 9 is either an air heat exchanger or a vapor heat source exchanger, or both, to further increase the temperature of the vapor passing through the condensing device 5.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] Referring to Figure 1, the pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system of this embodiment can also be another structure. Compared with the first embodiment, the difference between the two is the different communication structure between the condensing device 5 and the pneumatic working device 1. In this embodiment, when there is no temperature difference between the steam outlet temperatures of the two steam outlets of the pneumatic working device 1, both steam outlets are exhaust steam outlets. One tail steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 is connected to one inlet of the condenser 5-1 in the condensing device 5, which serves as a cooled source. A steam pressurizing device 7 is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 serving as the cooled source and the corresponding inlet of the condensing device 5. Another tail steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 is connected to one inlet of the cooling source in the condensing device 5 through a pipeline. In this embodiment, one outlet of the condenser 5-1 in the condensing device 5 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the vaporizing device 2 through the liquid recovery device 6, and one outlet of the cooling source of the condensing device 5 is connected to the steam inlet of the pneumatic working device 1 through the steam compression device 4, and the steam outlet end of the vaporizing device 2 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam working device 1.

[0043] The specific structures of the condensing device 5, the pneumatic working device 1, the liquid recovery device 6 and the vaporizing device 2 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0044] In this embodiment, the tail steam of the pneumatic working device 1 is divided into two parts. One part of the tail steam is pressurized by the steam pressurizing device 7 and then enters the condenser 5-1 in the condensing device 5. The boiling point and temperature of the pressurized steam increase. The other part of the tail steam also enters the condensing device 5 through another circuit as a cooling source to cool and liquefy the pressurized steam in the condenser 51. The liquefied liquid re-enters the vaporizing device 2 through the liquid recovery device 6. The other part of the tail steam is pressurized by the steam compression device 4 and introduced into the front end of the pneumatic working device 1 to perform work again.

[0045] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] 1. Start the steam compressor, or steam compression device 4, and open the steam control valve 3. The steam compressor continuously extracts and compresses steam from the steam turbine, or steam-powered working device 1. This reduces the steam pressure at the turbine outlet. Due to the pressure differential, the high-temperature, high-pressure steam in the vaporization device 2 passes through the steam control valve 3, driving the turbine to move and perform work. Part of the kinetic energy from the turbine's work is transferred to the working device 8, while part of the kinetic energy is transferred to the steam compressor 7-1, driving the operation of the steam compressor 7-1. After the steam turbine has performed work, the temperature and pressure of the steam (referred to as tail steam) decrease. A portion of the tail steam is pressurized by the steam compressor 7-1 and introduced into the condenser pipe 5-1 of the condenser 5. Simultaneously, the operation of the steam compressor creates a pressure differential between the turbine outlet and the steam compressor. Because the condenser 5 is connected in series between the turbine and the steam compressor, a portion of the tail steam also enters another circuit of the condenser 5, exchanging heat with the steam in the condenser pipe 5-1.

[0047] As the tail steam entering condenser 5-1 from condenser 5 is pressurized by steam compressor 7-1, its pressure and temperature increase, and as the pressure increases, its boiling point also rises. However, the tail steam entering the other circuit of condenser 5 is not pressurized, and its temperature and pressure remain unchanged. After heat exchange with the steam in condenser 5-1, the temperature of the steam in condenser 5-1 decreases. Once its temperature drops to its boiling point, it cools and liquefies, flowing under gravity to vapor-liquid separator 5-2 at the bottom. The temperature of the steam in the other circuit increases, flowing to the steam compressor. After compression, its pressure and temperature increase, and it is introduced into the front end of the steam turbine to perform work again.

[0048] The clutch in the liquid recovery device 6 is closed, and the liquid pump 6-1 is driven by the power of the turbine to move the liquid liquefied through the condenser 5-1 to the air heat exchanger 2-2 in the vaporization device 2. The liquid absorbs heat energy from the air through the air heat exchanger 2-2, heats up again and vaporizes, completing the entire cycle.

[0049] 2. Adjust the power of the system by adjusting the size of the steam control valve 3.

[0050] 3. By adjusting the speed of the steam compressor 7-1 and the steam compressor, the steam inlet amount into the two circuits in the condensing device 5 is adjusted to control the steam liquefaction speed.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] Referring to Figure 1, the pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system of this embodiment is a combination of Example 1 and Example 2. The tail steam outlet and the middle steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 are connected to the one-way inlet of the condenser pipe 5-1 in the condensing device 5, and are switched and controlled by the steam one-way valve and the 5-4 valve. The other tail steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 is connected to the one-way inlet of the cooling source of the condensing device 5 through a pipeline. A steam pressurizing device 7 is provided on the pipeline connecting the tail steam outlet of the pneumatic working device 1 and the one-way inlet of the condenser pipe 5-1; the one-way outlet of the condenser pipe 5-1 of the condensing device 5 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the vaporizing device 2 through the liquid recovery device 6, the one-way outlet of the cooling source of the condensing device 5 is connected to the steam inlet of the pneumatic working device 1 through the steam compression device 4, and the steam outlet end of the vaporizing device 2 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam working device 1.

[0053] Embodiments 4, 5, and 6

[0054] Referring to Figure 1, the only difference between Examples 4, 5, and 6 and Examples 1, 2, and 3 is that the connection method of the outlet of the vapor compression device is different. In Examples 4, 5, and 6, the vapor compression device 4 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the vaporization device 2 through the liquid recovery device 6, and a second vapor-liquid separator 10 and a control valve 10-1 are provided between the vapor compression device 4 and the liquid recovery device 6.

[0055] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressurized self-condensing steam system, comprising a steam-powered working device that converts high-temperature and high-pressure steam into low-temperature and low-pressure steam while outputting kinetic energy, and a condensing device that performs heat exchange, wherein the condensing device is provided with two inlets and outlets, and the steam-powered working device is provided with two steam outlets; One of the two steam outlets of the steam-powered working device is used as a cooling source and is connected to a steam inlet of the condensing device, and the other steam outlet is used as a cooled source and is connected to another steam inlet of the condensing device. When the steam temperature of the cooling source is higher than or equal to the boiling point of the steam of the cooled source, a steam pressurizing device is provided on the pipeline connecting the steam outlet of the steam-powered working device as the cooled source and the corresponding inlet of the condensing device; One outlet of the condensing device is connected to the liquid inlet of the vaporizing device through the liquid recovery device, and another outlet of the condensing device is connected to the vapor compression device; The vapor compression device is connected to the vapor inlet of the vapor power device, or / and is connected to the liquid inlet of the vaporization device through a liquid recovery device; the vapor outlet of the vaporization device is connected to the vapor inlet of the vapor power device.

2. A pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam with low temperature in the two steam outlets of the steam-powered working device is used as a cooling source and is connected to one steam inlet of the condensing device, and the steam with high temperature in the other steam outlet is used as a cooled source and is directly connected to the other steam inlet of the condensing device.

3. A pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam-driven power-generating device adopts a steam turbine, which is used to act on the power-generating device.

4. A pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam pressurizing device is a steam compressor, which is driven by electricity or / and driven by a steam-powered working device through a transmission and a clutch.

5. A pressurized autocondensing pneumatic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a steam control valve, which is installed on the connecting pipeline between the steam outlet end of the vaporization device and the steam working device.

6. A pressurized autocondensing pneumatic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The vaporization device comprises a vaporization container, and an air-steam heat exchanger and / or a fuel heater is arranged on the liquid inlet end of the vaporization container.

7. A pressurized autocondensing pneumatic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The condensing device also includes a vapor-liquid separator connected to the outlet of the condensing pipe, and the vapor-liquid separator is connected to the liquid recovery device.

8. A pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid recovery device comprises a liquid pump, which is driven by electricity or / and driven by a pneumatic working device through a second transmission and a clutch.

9. A pressurized autocondensing pneumatic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gas compression device is a gas compressor, which is driven by electricity or / and driven by a gas-driven working device through a clutch.

10. A pressurized autocondensing pneumatic system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchanger, which is connected between the cooling source outlet of the condensing device and the vapor compression device, and is any one or both of an air heat exchanger and a vapor heat source exchanger.

11. A pressurized self-condensing pneumatic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid medium, which has a boiling point lower than the natural environment temperature under normal pressure and can be one or two.

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