Systems and methods for ambient internet of things (a-IOT) device
The described system and methods address the challenge of positioning A-IoT devices by using active and passive wireless communication devices and reference tags to perform accurate measurements and reporting, achieving effective positioning in various environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/120402
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies face challenges in accurately positioning ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) devices, particularly those without batteries or with low battery power, due to limitations in communication capabilities and environmental factors.
The system and methods described involve an active wireless communication device receiving configuration information for a reference signal, performing measurements, and reporting results, while a passive wireless communication device reflects signals with or without modulation, enabling positioning with the assistance of a reader/writer or a reference tag.
This approach allows for accurate positioning of A-IoT devices with desired precision, even in challenging environments, by leveraging the capabilities of active and passive wireless communication devices and reference tags.
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Figure CN2023120402_27032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AMBIENT INTERNET OF THINGS (A-IOT) DEVICETECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, including but not limited to systems and methods for an ambient internet of things (A-IoT) device.BACKGROUND
[0002] A location server is a physical or logical entity that can collect measurements and other location information from the device and base station, and can utilize the measurements and estimate characteristics such as its position. The location server can process a request from the device and can provide the device with the requested information.SUMMARY
[0003] The example embodiments disclosed herein are directed to solving the issues relating to one or more of the problems presented in the prior art, as well as providing additional features that will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompany drawings. In accordance with various embodiments, example systems, methods, devices and computer program products are disclosed herein. It is understood, however, that these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not limiting, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art who read the present disclosure that various modifications to the disclosed embodiments can be made while remaining within the scope of this disclosure.
[0004] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium. An active wireless communication device (e.g., active user equipment (UE) or A-IoT reader / writer) can receive / obtain / acquire / get configuration information of a reference signal for positioning. The active wireless communication device can perform / initiate / execute a measurement on the reference signal for positioning. The active wireless communication device can send / transmit / provide / communicate a report including a result of the measurement.
[0005] In some implementations, the report can include / indicate that the active wireless communication device can forward a signal from a passive wireless communication device (e.g., passive UE or A-IoT tag) with reader / writer related information. In some implementations, the configuration information can indicate that a field exists to indicate the active wireless communication device configured to measure a signal sent from a passive wireless communication device.
[0006] In some implementations, the configuration information can indicate that one or more of a plurality of reserved bits in a DCI can be used to indicate an operation of the active wireless communication device. In some implementations, the configuration information can indicate that a codepoint from a DCI can be applied for indication of an operation of the active wireless communication device.
[0007] In some implementations, the report can include a reader ID attached to the result of the measurement. In some implementations, the report can include an ID of a passive wireless communication device attached to the result of the measurement. In some implementations, the report can include a location of the active wireless communication device attached to the result of the measurement.
[0008] In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the active wireless communication device can simultaneously measure positioning related information of signals from a target passive wireless communication device and a reference passive wireless communication device. In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the active wireless communication device can forward / send a group ID of a passive wireless communication device to a wireless communication node by attaching positioning related information.
[0009] In some implementations, the report can include when the active wireless communication device forwards a group ID of a passive active wireless communication device, the active wireless communication device can receive a plurality of group IDs, then the active wireless communication device can forward all the plurality of group IDs or a sub-set of the plurality of group IDs. In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the active wireless communication device can adjust / change / alter a transmission power of the active wireless communication device according to a measured RSRP.
[0010] In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the active wireless communication device can measure a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device with a line of sight (LOS) / non-LOS (NLOS) indication. In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the active wireless communication device can measure an angle of arrival (AOA) / RSRP / RSRPP of a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device.
[0011] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium. A passive wireless communication device can receive configuration information of a reference signal for positioning. The passive wireless communication device can perform a measurement on the reference signal for positioning. The passive wireless communication device can send a report including a measurement result of the reference signal for positioning.
[0012] In some implementations, the report can indicate that when the passive wireless communication device receives a group specific indication, the passive wireless communication device responds with a group specific feedback. In some implementations, the report can indicate that the passive wireless communication device can reflect a signal from a wireless communication node with a slot structure.
[0013] In some implementations, the report can indicate that the passive wireless communication device can reflect a signal that carries a tag ID together with physical cell ID (PCI) of a cell after modulating the reference signal for positioning. In some implementations, the report can indicate that a group ID of the passive wireless communication device can be fed back by the passive wireless communication device itself.
[0014] In some implementations, the configuration information can indicate one positioning state that is associated with at least one of: a symbol ID, a slot ID, a radio frame ID, a super radio frame ID, a resource ID, a PRS / SRS resource ID, a PRS / SRS resource set ID, a frequency index, an absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN) , a frequency band index, a phase index, a group ID of the passive wireless communication device, a base station ID (PCI) , a reader ID, a writer ID, a UE ID, and / or a power charging state of the passive wireless communication device. In some implementations, the report can indicate that the passive wireless communication device can feed back whether a transmission power of a wireless communication node or an active wireless communication device is high enough.
[0015] At least one aspect is directed to a system, method, apparatus, or a computer-readable medium. A wireless communication node (e.g., base station (BS) , gNB, or transmission and reception point (TRP) ) can configure a reference signal comprising configuration information for positioning. The wireless communication node can perform a measurement on the reference signal for positioning. The wireless communication node can send a report including a measurement result of the reference signal for positioning.
[0016] In some implementations, the measurement result can be associated with an ID of a reference passive wireless communication device. In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the wireless communication node can simultaneously measure positioning related information of signals from a target passive wireless communication device and a reference passive wireless communication device.
[0017] In some implementations, the configuration information can indicate that the wireless communication node can adjust a transmission power of an active wireless communication device according to a measured RSRP. In some implementations, the configuration information can indicate that the wireless communication node can adjust a transmission power of an active wireless communication device according to a RSRP measured or reported by the active wireless communication device.
[0018] In some implementations, step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning can include: the wireless communication node can measure a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device with a line of sight (LOS) / non-LOS (NLOS) indication.
[0019] The systems and methods presented herein include a novel approach for ambient internet of things (A-IoT) devices. Specifically, the systems and methods presented herein discuss a novel solution for providing positioning of A-IoT devices. In some cases, the systems and methods of the technical solution can provide positioning with the assistance of a reader and / or writer (of an A-IoT device) with or without a known location. In some cases, the systems and methods of the technical solution can provide positioning with the assistance of a reference tag (e.g., reference A-IoT device) with a known location. In some cases, the systems and methods of the technical solution can feed back positioning-related information by an A-IoT device (or tag) . In some cases, the systems and methods of the technical solution can provide group positioning of A-IoT devices (or tags) , positioning states of A-IoT devices (or tags) , power control of the BS or the reader / writer, and / or virtual BS (e.g., virtual gNB) and / or virtual tag. For example, a reader and / or writer of the A-IoT device (e.g., sometimes referred to as A-IoT reader / writer) can provide radio energy to an A-IoT tag. For instance, an A-IoT reader / writer can be configured as or perform features / operations of an exciter. In another example, an A-IoT reader / writer can receive a signal from an A-IoT tag or a BS. In some configurations, the A-IoT reader / writer may be a UE or a repeater.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described in detail below with reference to the following figures or drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the present solution to facilitate the reader's understanding of the present solution. Therefore, the drawings should not be considered limiting of the breadth, scope, or applicability of the present solution. It should be noted that for clarity and ease of illustration, these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example cellular communication network in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example base station and a user equipment device, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a downlink (DL) signaling for measuring reference signals, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of an uplink (UL) signaling for measuring reference signals, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG. 5 illustrates an example depiction of a virtual BS with respect to a tag and a BS, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; and
[0026] FIG. 6 illustrates a flow diagram of an example method for positioning A-IoT devices, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] 1. Mobile Communication Technology and Environment
[0028] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication network, and / or system, 100 in which techniques disclosed herein may be implemented, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the following discussion, the wireless communication network 100 may be any wireless network, such as a cellular network or a narrowband Internet of things (NB-IoT) network, and is herein referred to as “network 100. ” Such an example network 100 includes a base station 102 (hereinafter “BS 102” ; also referred to as wireless communication node) and a user equipment device 104 (hereinafter “UE 104” ; also referred to as wireless communication device) that can communicate with each other via a communication link 110 (e.g., a wireless communication channel) , and a cluster of cells 126, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 overlaying a geographical area 101. In FIG. 1, the BS 102 and UE 104 are contained within a respective geographic boundary of cell 126. Each of the other cells 130, 132, 134, 136, 138 and 140 may include at least one base station operating at its allocated bandwidth to provide adequate radio coverage to its intended users.
[0029] For example, the BS 102 may operate at an allocated channel transmission bandwidth to provide adequate coverage to the UE 104. The BS 102 and the UE 104 may communicate via a downlink radio frame 118, and an uplink radio frame 124 respectively. Each radio frame 118 / 124 may be further divided into sub-frames 120 / 127 which may include data symbols 122 / 128. In the present disclosure, the BS 102 and UE 104 are described herein as non-limiting examples of “communication nodes, ” generally, which can practice the methods disclosed herein. Such communication nodes may be capable of wireless and / or wired communications, in accordance with various embodiments of the present solution.
[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of an example wireless communication system 200 for transmitting and receiving wireless communication signals (e.g., OFDM / OFDMA signals) in accordance with some embodiments of the present solution. The system 200 may include components and elements configured to support known or conventional operating features that need not be described in detail herein. In one illustrative embodiment, system 200 can be used to communicate (e.g., transmit and receive) data symbols in a wireless communication environment such as the wireless communication environment 100 of FIG. 1, as described above.
[0031] System 200 generally includes a base station 202 (hereinafter “BS 202” ) and a user equipment device 204 (hereinafter “UE 204” ) . The BS 202 includes a BS (base station) transceiver module 210, a BS antenna 212, a BS processor module 214, a BS memory module 216, and a network communication module 218, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 220. The UE 204 includes a UE (user equipment) transceiver module 230, a UE antenna 232, a UE memory module 234, and a UE processor module 236, each module being coupled and interconnected with one another as necessary via a data communication bus 240. The BS 202 communicates with the UE 204 via a communication channel 250, which can be any wireless channel or other medium suitable for transmission of data as described herein.
[0032] As would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, system 200 may further include any number of modules other than the modules shown in FIG. 2. Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative blocks, modules, circuits, and processing logic described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in hardware, computer-readable software, firmware, or any practical combination thereof. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability and compatibility of hardware, firmware, and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware, or software can depend upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those familiar with the concepts described herein may implement such functionality in a suitable manner for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
[0033] In accordance with some embodiments, the UE transceiver 230 may be referred to herein as an "uplink" transceiver 230 that includes a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuitry that is coupled to the antenna 232. A duplex switch (not shown) may alternatively couple the uplink transmitter or receiver to the uplink antenna in time duplex fashion. Similarly, in accordance with some embodiments, the BS transceiver 210 may be referred to herein as a "downlink" transceiver 210 that includes a RF transmitter and a RF receiver each comprising circuity that is coupled to the antenna 212. A downlink duplex switch may alternatively couple the downlink transmitter or receiver to the downlink antenna 212 in time duplex fashion. The operations of the two transceiver modules 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the uplink receiver circuitry is coupled to the uplink antenna 232 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the downlink transmitter is coupled to the downlink antenna 212. Conversely, the operations of the two transceivers 210 and 230 may be coordinated in time such that the downlink receiver is coupled to the downlink antenna 212 for reception of transmissions over the wireless transmission link 250 at the same time that the uplink transmitter is coupled to the uplink antenna 232. In some embodiments, there is close time synchronization with a minimal guard time between changes in duplex direction.
[0034] The UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to communicate via the wireless data communication link 250, and cooperate with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement 212 / 232 that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme. In some illustrative embodiments, the UE transceiver 210 and the base station transceiver 210 are configured to support industry standards such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and emerging 5G standards, and the like. It is understood, however, that the present disclosure is not necessarily limited in application to a particular standard and associated protocols. Rather, the UE transceiver 230 and the base station transceiver 210 may be configured to support alternate, or additional, wireless data communication protocols, including future standards or variations thereof.
[0035] In accordance with various embodiments, the BS 202 may be an evolved node B (eNB) , a serving eNB, a target eNB, a femto station, or a pico station, for example. In some embodiments, the UE 204 may be embodied in various types of user devices such as a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , tablet, laptop computer, wearable computing device, etc. The processor modules 214 and 236 may be implemented, or realized, with a general purpose processor, a content addressable memory, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, any suitable programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. In this manner, a processor may be realized as a microprocessor, a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, or the like. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a digital signal processor core, or any other such configuration.
[0036] Furthermore, the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in firmware, in a software module executed by processor modules 214 and 236, respectively, or in any practical combination thereof. The memory modules 216 and 234 may be realized as RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. In this regard, memory modules 216 and 234 may be coupled to the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively, such that the processors modules 210 and 230 can read information from, and write information to, memory modules 216 and 234, respectively. The memory modules 216 and 234 may also be integrated into their respective processor modules 210 and 230. In some embodiments, the memory modules 216 and 234 may each include a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor modules 210 and 230, respectively. Memory modules 216 and 234 may also each include non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the processor modules 210 and 230, respectively.
[0037] The network communication module 218 generally represents the hardware, software, firmware, processing logic, and / or other components of the base station 202 that enable bi-directional communication between base station transceiver 210 and other network components and communication nodes configured to communication with the base station 202. For example, network communication module 218 may be configured to support internet or WiMAX traffic. In a typical deployment, without limitation, network communication module 218 provides an 802.3 Ethernet interface such that base station transceiver 210 can communicate with a conventional Ethernet based computer network. In this manner, the network communication module 218 may include a physical interface for connection to the computer network (e.g., Mobile Switching Center (MSC) ) . The terms “configured for, ” “configured to” and conjugations thereof, as used herein with respect to a specified operation or function, refer to a device, component, circuit, structure, machine, signal, etc., that is physically constructed, programmed, formatted and / or arranged to perform the specified operation or function.
[0038] The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model (referred to herein as, “open system interconnection model” ) is a conceptual and logical layout that defines network communication used by systems (e.g., wireless communication device, wireless communication node) open to interconnection and communication with other systems. The model is broken into seven subcomponents, or layers, each of which represents a conceptual collection of services provided to the layers above and below it. The OSI Model also defines a logical network and effectively describes computer packet transfer by using different layer protocols. The OSI Model may also be referred to as the seven-layer OSI Model or the seven-layer model. In some embodiments, a first layer may be a physical layer. In some embodiments, a second layer may be a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In some embodiments, a third layer may be a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer. In some embodiments, a fourth layer may be a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer. In some embodiments, a fifth layer may be a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer. In some embodiments, a sixth layer may be a Non Access Stratum (NAS) layer or an Internet Protocol (IP) layer, and the seventh layer being the other layer.
[0039] Various example embodiments of the present solution are described below with reference to the accompanying figures to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the present solution. As would be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications to the examples described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present solution. Thus, the present solution is not limited to the example embodiments and applications described and illustrated herein. Additionally, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed herein are merely example approaches. Based upon design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of steps of the disclosed methods or processes can be re-arranged while remaining within the scope of the present solution. Thus, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the methods and techniques disclosed herein present various steps or acts in a sample order, and the present solution is not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented unless expressly stated otherwise.
[0040] 2. Systems and Methods for Positioning Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) Devices
[0041] In certain scenarios, such as in an indoor location or environment, a number of devices (e.g., components, products, or items) may be stored or positioned throughout the indoor location. In some circumstances, a search may be conducted to identify whether the devices are available, e.g., whether the devices are at the indoor location, relative position within the indoor location, etc. In certain systems, to find the device, a tag may be embedded, attached, coupled, or provided to the device. In such systems, the tag may be an ambient radio tag without a battery, configured for radio communication. However, it may be challenging to position an ambient internet of things (A-IoT) device with no battery or with a relatively low battery. In this case, the A-IoT device may experience certain constraints or difficulties in executing relatively routine communication operations / functions (e.g., may not be able to perform certain relatively normal communication) compared to communication operations by other (e.g., relatively normal) UEs (e.g., UEs 104) , thereby preventing certain positioning techniques / methods for the A-IoT device. In some aspects, the A-IoT device can include, correspond to, or be referred to as a simplified UE (e.g., UE 104 with relatively reduced or less features and / or capabilities) . Hence, the systems and methods of the technical solution discussed herein can provide techniques, operations, or functions for positioning A-IoT devices.
[0042] Referring to FIG. 3, depicted is an example of a downlink (DL) signaling 300 for measuring reference signals. In the DL, one or more BSs 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) can transmit / send / communicate / signal / provide the PRS to the UE 104. As discussed herein, the UE 104 may be a reduced-capability UE (e.g., UE 104 with relatively lower capability / support for frequency bandwidth, having a single antenna, etc. ) . The reduced-capability UE may be referred to as a simplified UE. The UE 104 can measure the PRS from the BS 102 or measure PRSs from multiple BSs 102. Subsequently, the UE 104 can report / notify / communicate / send / provide the measurement result (s) of the PRS (s) to a network (e.g., a location management function (LMF) 302 in the core network (CN) , etc. ) . In various arrangements, the network element can include at least one of the BS 102, UE 104, and / or the CN, among others.
[0043] FIG. 4 depicts an example of an uplink (UL) signaling 400 for measuring reference signals. In the UL, the UE 104 can transmit the SRS to one or more BSs 102. The one or more BSs 102 can measure the SRS for the UE 104. Subsequently, the BS 102 can report the measurement result (s) to the network (e.g., LMF 302) . In certain cases, the transmission, reception, and / or communication of the PRS and / or SRS for positioning the UE 104 may be affected by the radio propagation environment (e.g., fading, distortion, interference, blockage, etc. ) , thereby limiting, capping, reducing, or degrading the positioning accuracy.
[0044] The systems and methods of the technical solution discussed herein can provide an A-IoT device (or A-IoT tag) to receive a radio signal (e.g., reference signal) . The A-IoT device can be a simplified UE or a reduced-capability UE. The A-IoT device can reflect with or without modulation of signal. The A-IoT device can transmit / provide / send / communicate the radio signal with reduced capability. In some implementations, the reader / writer of A-IoT (e.g., A-IoT reader / writer or an active wireless communication device) can provide radio energy to an A-IoT tag (e.g., passive wireless communication device) . For instance, an A-IoT reader / writer can perform features / operations similarly to an exciter. The A-IoT reader / writer may receive / obtain / acquire signals from an A-IoT tag and / or the BS 102. In some cases, the A-IoT reader / writer can be a UE 104 or a repeater. For purposes of providing examples herein, the A-IoT reader / writer may be referred to as but not limited to the UE 104. In various implementations, the systems and methods of the technical solution discussed herein can provide positioning methods for the A-IoT device (e.g., the UE 104) with at least a desired accuracy.
[0045] Example Implementation 1: Positioning Assisted by Reader / Writer With or Without Known Location
[0046] In various implementations, an A-IoT reader / writer (e.g., the UE 104) can forward or transmit a signal that is reflected by the A-IoT tag. For example, the A-IoT reader / writer may perform features or operations similar to a repeater. Additionally or alternatively, an A-IoT reader / writer may forward the signal from an A-IoT tag with additional or other information (e.g., in addition to or different from the signal from the A-IoT tag) . In some cases, the A-IoT reader / writer can forward the signal from the A-IoT tag with reader / writer-related information attached (e.g., location of reader / writer, coordinates of reader / writer, reader / writer ID, etc. ) . When forwarding the signal from an A-IoT tag, the signal forwarded by an A-IoT reader / writer can be in / with a different frequency or bandwidth from the signal transmitted by the A-IoT tag. In some cases, the forwarded signal by the A-IoT reader / writer can include or be a part of a report including a result of a measurement on the signal (e.g., reference signal, reflected signal, etc. ) from the A-IoT tag, for example.
[0047] The BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) can transmit a downlink control information (DCI) to indicate one or more operations to be performed by the A-IoT reader / writer. The DCI can include, correspond to, or be a part of configuration information of a reference signal for positioning from the BS 102. The DCI can indicate the existence of a field for indicating that the A-IoT reader / writer (e.g., active wireless communication device) is configured to measure the signal sent / provided / forwarded / reflected by / from the A-IoT tag (e.g., passive wireless communication device) . For example, the DCI can include at least a field (e.g., one bit, such as a bit of “1” ) to indicate for the A-IoT reader / writer to transmit an excitation signal (e.g., to provide radio power / energy to the A-IoT tag) . In some cases, the DCI can include a field (e.g., one bit, such as a bit of “1” ) to indicate for the A-IoT reader / writer to receive the signal from the A-IoT tag. In this case, the signal from the A-IoT tag can include or correspond to a signal reflected by the A-IoT tag.
[0048] In some configurations, the DCI can include a field (e.g., one bit, such as a bit of “1” ) to indicate for the A-IoT reader / writer to measure the signal (e.g., reference signal) from the A-IoT tag. The measuring of the signal can include measurements of timing-related information (e.g., the relative time of arrival (RTOA) , reference signal time difference (RSTD) , time difference of arrival (TDOA) , round trip time (RTT) , transmission to reception time difference, and / or reception to transmission time difference, among other timing-related information) , carrier phase-related information, reference signal received power (RSRP) , reference signal received path power (RSRPP) , etc. In some cases, the information included / contained in the measurement may be indicated, configured, or provided by the DCI. In various aspects, the location (e.g., coordinates or positioning) of the tag (e.g., the A-IoT tag) can be determined, computed, or identified by the A-IoT reader / writer, or by the LMF 302.
[0049] In some implementations, after the A-IoT tag (e.g., the signal from the A-IoT tag) has been successfully read out, the A-IoT tag can be written, changed, or indicated with a mark / indication / flag (e.g., “done” , “read” , such as a bit of “1” ) by the A-IoT reader / writer. For example, if a component (e.g., box, device, or item) with the A-IoT tag is moved to a different location (e.g., moved out of a first location, such as an inventory) , the location state (e.g., inventory state) of the A-IoT tag can be changed from “in first location” to “out first location” (e.g., from “in inventory” to “out inventory” ) . In some configurations, one or more bits of the reserved bits in the DCI (e.g., from the BS 102) can be used to indicate the operation of the reader / writer (e.g., of the A-IoT device or the UE 104) . In this case, the one or more bits may be a part of the configuration information. For example, one or multiple reserved bits in a DCI may be re-interpreted as an indicator of the operation of a reader / writer (e.g., to transmit an excitation signal, to measure the signal from an A-IoT tag, etc. ) .
[0050] For another example, codepoints from the DCI (e.g., indicating by the configuration information) applied for indication of the operation of a reader / writer can include but are not limited to the following example Table 1.
[0051] Table 1
[0052] The A-IoT reader / writer can report the measurement results of the signal reflected / transmitted by the A-IoT tag. For example, a reader ID can be attached to the measurement results when the A-IoT reader / writer reports the measurement results. In some cases, an A-IoT tag ID can be attached to the measurement results when the reader / writer reports the measurement results.
[0053] In some configurations, the location (e.g., coordinates) of the reader / writer may be attached to the measurement results when the reader / writer reports the measurement results. In some cases, after a successful reading from the A-IoT tag, the location (e.g., coordinates) of the reader / writer can be attached to the measurement results when reporting the measurement results. The reader / writer can include or be referred to as the UE 104. In such cases, if the A-IoT tag is relatively close to (e.g., within the proximity of or at a predefined distance from) the reader / writer, the location of the A-IoT tag can be relatively accurate (e.g., within a predefined distance or positioning from the result) . In this case, the A-IoT tag can be positioned with relatively desired accuracy.
[0054] Example Implementation 2: Positioning Assisted by a Reference Tag with Known Location
[0055] In various implementations, certain devices (e.g., components, products, or items) can be labeled or marked with an A-IoT tag (e.g., sometimes referred to as a reference tag or a reference A-IoT device) . In some cases, an object or location relative to these devices, such as the box, shelf, or storage container carrying the device, can be labeled with another A-IoT tag with (relatively) fixed (or known) location. A reference A-IoT tag (e.g., reference tag) can be a tag with a known (or predefined) location. In some implementations, a reference tag can be a UE 104 (or a UE 104 labeled with the A-IoT tag) .
[0056] The reference tag can be used in group positioning (e.g., a group of tags that have similar locations) . When the A-IoT tag (e.g., a reference tag) receives a group specific indication (e.g., a signal on a specific frequency) , the A-IoT tag can respond / reply / signal with a group-specific feedback (e.g., reflecting a signal with a modulated phase on another specific frequency, etc. ) . The BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) or a reader / writer (e.g., A-IoT reader / writer or the UE 104) can receive the response or feedback from the A-IoT tag. In some cases, the BS 102 can measure the received response (e.g., received signal) . Subsequently, the BS 102 can report the measurement results to a network (e.g., the LMF 302) . In some cases, the report of the measurement results can include an ID of the reference tag (e.g., sometimes referred to as tag ID or reference tag ID) . With this report, the network (e.g., the LMF 302) can detect or determine the coarse location of the group of A-IoT tags.
[0057] In some implementations, the reference tag can simultaneously reflect the radio signal from the BS 102 (or the reader / writer) with another A-IoT tag (e.g., on different frequency or with different modulated phases) . In this case, a simultaneous measurement (e.g., carrier phase, differentia carrier phase, TOA, RTOA, TDOA) of signals from a target A-IoT tag (e.g., the tag to be positioned / located) and the reference tag can be performed (e.g., activated or enabled simultaneous measurement) . Additionally or alternatively, the BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) or a reader / writer (e.g., the UE 104) can (simultaneously) measure positioning-related information (e.g., carrier phase, differential carrier phase, TOA, RTOA, TDOA, RTT, RSRP, RSRPP) of signals from the target A-IoT tag / device and a reference A-IoT tag / device. In such cases, with the assistance of the reference tag, the A-IoT tag can be positioned with a relatively desired accuracy.
[0058] Example Implementation 3: Feed Back Positioning-Related Information by an A-IoT Device (or A-IoT Tag)
[0059] In various implementations, the A-IoT device (or the A-IoT tag) can feed back or transmit positioning-related information. For example, the A-IoT device can reflect a signal from the BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) or the reader / writer with a modulated phase. In another example, the A-IoT device can reflect a signal from the BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) or a reader / writer with a shifted frequency.
[0060] The A-IoT tag may reflect a signal from the BS 102 on one or more symbols / slots / frames with a modulated phase and / or a shifted frequency. In some cases, the A-IoT tag can reflect a signal from the BS 102 on one or more symbols within a slot when a slot with SlotID fulfills or corresponds to, for instance, mod (TagID, M) = SlotID. The mod () can represent an operation of modular. The TagID can denote or represent a tag ID of the A-IoT tag. The M can denote or represent the number of slots within a radio frame (e.g., sometimes referred to as frame, for instance, M = 10 for a sub-carrier spacing (SCS) , being 15kHz) . The SlotID can represent the slot ID within a radio frame (e.g., sometimes referred to as a frame) .
[0061] In some cases, the A-IoT tag can reflect a signal from the BS 102 on various slot within the radio frame, such as when the radio frame with FrameID fulfills / satisfies or corresponds to, for instance, mod (TagID, P) = FrameID. In this case, the P can denote or represent an integer (e.g., P = 20, etc. ) . Additionally or alternatively, the A-IoT tag can reflect a signal from the BS 102 on various frames within a super frame when a super radio frame with SuperFrameID fulfills mod (TagID, Q) = SuperFrameID. In this case, the Q can denote or represent an integer (e.g., Q = 100, etc. ) .
[0062] In some implementations, the A-IoT tag can reflect a signal from the BS 102 on R symbols within a slot, where the reflected signal carries a physical cell ID (PCI) with R bits (e.g., R = 10) . The R symbols can be contiguous or discontinued (e.g., every two symbols, on even number symbol, receiving one symbol first, then reflecting on the next symbol, etc. ) . The R can denote a predetermined value.
[0063] In some configurations, the A-IoT tag can reflect a signal from the BS 102 with a slot structure. For example, for a slot with S = 14 symbols, the reflection structure can include XXXDRDRDRDRDRX. The symbol X can represent or denote a symbol that is not available for the A-IoT tag (e.g., containing a DCI for a reader / writer) . The symbol D can represent a symbol that is for a transmission from the BS 102, and / or reader / writer. The symbol R can represent a symbol that is for a reflection / transmission from the A-IoT tag. In some cases, to express R = 10 bits PCI, two (contiguous) slots can be applied, where the first slot can start with an odd number of slots within a radio frame, for example. To reflect the PCI bits, a phase-modulated signal can be applied (e.g., a phase of 0 for bit “1” , a phase of + π for bit “0” , or vice versa, in some configurations) . The reflection structure discussed herein can remove, minimize, or avoid the potential interference between the BS 102 and the A-IoT tag.
[0064] In another example, for a slot with S = 14 symbols, the reflection structure can include XXXRRRRRRRRRRX. In this case, the symbol R can represent the A-IoT tag receiving signals from the BS 102 and / or reader / writer and reflecting the received signal with modulation. There may be a time delay between the reception and reflection (e.g., depending on the distance between the devices or components) . To reflect the PCI bits, a frequency-shifted signal can be applied (e.g., a frequency of f0 –Δf for bit “0” , a frequency of f0 +Δf for bit “1” , or vice versa, where the f0 is the frequency of the received signal, Δf is a constant, such as but not limited to 15kHz) . The reflection structure discussed herein can remove the interference between the BS 102 and the A-IoT tag.
[0065] Additionally or alternatively, the A-IoT tag may reflect the signal that carries the tag ID together / along with the PCI of a (serving) cell. In some cases, the A-IoT tag can reflect the signal that carries the tag ID together with the PCI of the (serving) cell after modulating the received signal from the BS 102 and / or the reader / writer. In some cases, the tag ID can be after or subsequent to the PCI. The A-IoT tag can reflect PCI in a certain period (e.g., first period) , for instance, while the tag ID for another period (e.g., second period) . The A-IoT tag can reflect PCI in a certain frequency band (e.g., first frequency band) , for instance, while the tag ID for another frequency band (e.g., second frequency band) .
[0066] In some configurations, the A-IoT tag may reflect the signal with different beam directions on different time slots (or different frequencies, different resources, different resource sets, different beams, and / or different frequency bands, etc., which may be pre-configured) . For example, on the first slot, the A-IoT tag can reflect the signal for a first beam direction (e.g., +30 degree, a first PRS resource with a resource ID, and / or PRS resource set ID) , and on the second slot, the A-IoT tag can reflect the signal for a second beam direction (e.g., +90 degree, etc. ) . In such cases, the A-IoT tag can be positioned with a relatively desired accuracy (e.g., within a cell with PCI) .
[0067] Example Implementation 4: Group Positioning of A-IoT Devices (or Tags)
[0068] In various implementations, a group of A-IoT tags can be set or configured together, where the locations of these tags may be similar to one another (e.g., within proximity of each other) . The group positioning can be applied to these tags (e.g., the A-IoT tags) .
[0069] For example, a group ID of the A-IoT tag can be fed back by the A-IoT tag (e.g., via / by reflecting a series of phase-modulated signals, such as described in conjunction with the examples hereinabove) . The group ID of the A-IoT tag can be (pre-) configured (e.g., the tag may be written with the group ID before relocation or repositioning to other locations / positions) . In some cases, the group ID of the A-IoT tag can be a part of the tag ID (e.g., the first 3 bits of tag ID, or other bits of the tag ID, etc. ) . In this configuration, with the group ID, the network (e.g., the LMF 302) can determine, identify, or detect the location of the A-IoT tag without the reflection / transmission of any signal, for example.
[0070] In some cases, the reader / writer can forward the group ID of the A-IoT tag to the BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) . In some cases, the reader / writer (or the UE 104) can forward the group ID of the A-IoT tag to the BS 102 by attaching (or including the attachment of) the positioning-related information (e.g., the location / coordinates of reader / writer (or the UE 104) , reader / writer ID, UE ID, PCI, PRS resource ID, PRS resource set ID, SRS resource ID, and / or SRS resource set ID, among others) .
[0071] In some implementations, when the reader / writer or the UE 104 forwards the group ID of the A-IoT tag, the reader / writer or the UE 104 may receive multiple group IDs (e.g., from at least one neighboring A-IoT tag, which may not be the target A-IoT tag) . The neighboring A-IoT tag may represent a tag within the proximity of the UE 104 (or the reader / writer) and / or the target A-IoT tag, for example. Subsequently, the reader / writer or the UE 104 can forward the various group IDs, and / or a sub-set of the group IDs (e.g., the group ID of the target A-IoT tag) . In some cases, the reader / writer or the UE 104 may not forward any group IDs (e.g., not provide a report) . In such cases, the A-IoT tag can be positioned with a desired accuracy (e.g., within the group of tags) .
[0072] Example Implementation 5: Positioning States of the A-IoT Devices (or Tags)
[0073] In various implementations, for different purposes of positioning (e.g., relatively high accuracy with power saving) , the A-IoT tag may have or include multiple positioning states. For example, the first state of the positioning states (e.g., a default state) can include or indicate that the A-IoT tag may reflect a radio signal from the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104. In some configurations, the A-IoT tag may be restricted or constrained to other features in the first state other than reflecting the radio signal. The second state can indicate that the A-IoT tag can modulate the radio signal and subsequently reflect the modulated radio signal. The third state can indicate that the A-IoT tag can modulate the radio signal with specific information (e.g., PCI, group ID, tag ID, etc. ) and reflect the modulated radio signal. Additionally or alternatively, the A-IoT tag can be in the idle state (e.g., power saving mode, waiting state, or may not perform certain features / operations) .
[0074] During one period (e.g., one symbol, one slot, one radio frame, one super radio frame, one frequency, one frequency band, and / or one phase, to name a few) , the A-IoT tag can be in at least one positioning state (e.g., in the first, second, third, etc., positioning state) . Additionally or alternatively, the at least one positioning state can be associated with a symbol ID (e.g., slot ID, radio frame ID, super radio frame ID, resource ID, PRS / SRS resource ID, PRS / SRS resource set ID, frequency index, absolute radio frequency channel number, absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN) , frequency band index, phase index, etc. ) . The symbol ID within a slot can include or be 0, 1, 2, …, 13, etc. The slot ID can include or be 0, 1, 2, …, 9, etc., for instance, for a SCS = 15kHz.
[0075] In some implementations, the at least one positioning state can be associated with the group ID of the A-IoT tag. Additionally or alternatively, one positioning state can be associated with the BS ID (e.g., PCI) , reader ID, writer ID, and / or UE ID, among others. In some cases, the at least one positioning state can be associated with a power charging state of the A-IoT tag. For example, if the A-IoT tag is charged (e.g., fully charged) or has at least a predetermined amount of energy, the A-IoT tag can be in the third positioning state. If the A-IoT tag is relatively low on battery (e.g., low energy state) , such as below a predetermined amount of energy, the A-IoT tag can be in the first positioning state. Additionally or alternatively, the A-IoT tag can indicate its power charging state (e.g., remaining battery or energy) by reflecting the radio signal with modulation. In some cases, the A-IoT tag can indicate its power charging state by reflecting or transmitting a certain type of radio signal. The type of radio signal can include but is not limited to, for example, at least one of: (with different frequencies) a sine wave on frequency f0 and / or a sine wave on frequency f0 + offset, (with different symbols) a radio signal on symbol#0 and / or a radio signal on symbol#1, (with different phases) a sine wave with a phase of zero and / or a sine wave with a phase of π (or 180 degrees) .
[0076] In such cases, the A-IoT tag can be positioned within a relatively desired accuracy (e.g., with different positioning states, such as cell ID, group positioning, single tag positioning, etc. ) .
[0077] Example Implementation 6: Power Control of BS and / or Reader / Writer
[0078] In some arrangements, the transmission power of the BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) the reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can be sufficient (e.g., at or above a predefined threshold amount) to drive, power, or support the operation of the A-IoT tag. Although, excessive transmission power may not be desired (e.g., may result in excessive or waste of energy) . In such cases, the systems and methods of the technical solution can provide or apply transmission power control for the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104.
[0079] In various implementations, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can measure the RSRP (e.g., which can include or be a part of the configuration information) of the radio signal reflected or forwarded by the A-IoT tag. The BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can adjust / change / configure the its transmission power according to the measured RSRP. For example, if the transmission power of the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 is greater than (or equal to) a threshold indicated by the RSRP, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can reduce its transmission power.
[0080] In some cases, the reader / writer and / or the UE 104 can measure the RSRP of the radio signal reflected by the A-IoT tag. In this case, the reader / writer and / or the UE 104 can report the measured RSRP to the BS 102 (e.g., its serving BS 102) . The BS 102 can adjust its transmission power according to the RSRP measured or reported by the reader / writer and / or the UE 104.
[0081] In some implementations, the A-IoT tag can feedback (e.g., report) on whether the transmission power of the BS 102, the reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 is sufficient (e.g., within a predefined range or above a minimum / lower threshold) . For example, at least one waveform (e.g., ON / OFF keying waveform or radio signal, etc. ) on at least one period (e.g., frequency, frequency band, codes, sequence, symbol, slot, radio frame, phase, and / or beam, etc. ) can be reflected / transmitted by the A-IoT tag. In various configurations, the A-IoT tag can inform the reader / writer whether an excitation signal is at or above a desired threshold amount (e.g., at a relatively sufficient range) . Additionally or alternatively, if the feeding back information indicates that the transmission power is relatively excessive (e.g., at or above a maximum / upper threshold) , the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can reduce its transmission power.
[0082] In some cases, the feedback information or the reflected signal from the A-IoT tag itself can be considered as an indication that the transmission power from the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 is excessive, in which case, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can responsively reduce / lower its transmission power responsive to receiving (at least an indication of) the feedback information from the A-IoT tag. In some implementations, if there is no feedback (e.g., absence of feedback information) from at least one A-IoT tag, this can indicate to the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 that the transmission power is not sufficient (e.g., at or below the minimum threshold) . In such cases, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 may increase the transmission power if there is no feedback. The BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 may increase the transmission power incrementally or to a predefined amount, for instance, after a predefined time duration from the absence of the (e.g., expected) feedback information.
[0083] In some cases, a phase “0” modulated on the reflected radio signal from at least one A-IoT tag can indicate that the transmission power is not sufficient (e.g., at or below the minimum threshold) . In some cases, a phase “+π” modulated on the reflected radio signal from at least one A-IoT tag can indicate that the transmission power is excessive (e.g., at or above the maximum threshold) . In such cases, the interference from one or more neighboring cells, BSs 102, readers / writers, and / or UEs 104 (e.g., because of excessive transmission power) can be reduced / minimized or mitigated, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the A-IoT devices (e.g., the reader / writer, the UE 104, and / or the A-IoT tag) .
[0084] Example Implementation 7: Virtual BS (e.g., gNB or TRP) and Virtual Tag
[0085] In various implementations, the radio signal from the A-IoT tag to the BS 102 (e.g., gNB or TRP) , the reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 may experience multiple paths (e.g., via reflection) . Referring to FIG. 5, an example depiction 500 of a virtual BS (e.g., labeled as “virtual gNB” ) with respect to the tag and the BS 102 (e.g., labeled as “gNB” ) is provided. The BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can measure the radio signal reflected by the A-IoT tag with a line of sight (LOS) and / or non-LOS (NLOS) indication. Then, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can report the measurement results to the network (e.g., the LMF 302) . In some cases, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can measure and / or report the radio signal reflected by the A-IoT tag with a LOS probability, such as from 0.0 to 1.0.
[0086] The BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can measure / determine the angle of arrival (AOA) , RSRP, and / or RSRPP of the radio signal reflected by the A-IoT tag (and / or the reference tag) , among others. Subsequently, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can report the measurement results to the network. The network can compute the location of the virtual BS (or virtual tag) , such as shown in conjunction with but not limited to FIG. 5. With multiple virtual BSs, the network can compute the location of the A-IoT tag. In such cases, the BS 102, reader / writer, and / or the UE 104 can compute / calculate or determine the location of the A-IoT tag, the reference tag, among other devices.
[0087] FIG. 6, is a flow diagram illustrating an example method 600 for positioning A-IoT devices. Referring to FIG. 6, the method 600 can be performed by one or more network elements (e.g., at least one UE 104 (e.g., A-IoT device, tag, or reader / writer) , at least one BS 102, gNB, or TRP, and / or at least one LMF 302 / CN) . In some arrangements, at 602, the method 600 can include configuring a reference signal. The method 600 can include receiving configuration information, at 604. The method 600 can include performing a measurement, at 606, 610. The method 600 can include sending a report, at 608, 612.
[0088] Still referring to FIG. 6, and in further details, at 602, a wireless communication node (e.g., BS, gNB, or TRP) can configure a reference signal (e.g., PRS, SRS, or other types of signals) for positioning. The reference signal can include configuration information. In some cases, the wireless communication node may send the configuration information of the reference signal to one or more devices, such as to an active wireless communication device (e.g., UE, A-IoT reader / writer, or A-IoT device) and / or a passive wireless communication device (e.g., A-IoT tag or another A-IoT device) . In this case, at 604, the active wireless communication device and / or the passive wireless communication device can receive the configuration information of the reference signal for positioning.
[0089] In various implementations, such as for the active wireless communication device, the configuration information may indicate that a field (e.g., DCI field) exists to indicate the active wireless communication device configured to measure a signal sent from a passive wireless communication device. For example, because the active wireless communication device (e.g., the reader / writer) may be relatively closer to the passive wireless communication device relative to the wireless communication node, it may be beneficial (e.g., relatively more accurate) for the active wireless communication device to measure the reflected signal from the passive wireless communication device (and / or transmit radio wave as an exciter) . This operation can be controlled by the DCI including one or more fields, for example.
[0090] In some implementations, the configuration information may indicate that one or more of a plurality of reserved bits in a DCI can be used to indicate an operation of the active wireless communication device, such as but not limited to, transmitting an excitation signal, to measure signal from the passive wireless communication device, etc. In some implementations, the configuration information may indicate that a codepoint from a DCI can be applied for indication of an operation of the active wireless communication device. Examples of the codepoint may be described in conjunction with but not limited to the example Table 1.
[0091] In some arrangements, such as for the passive wireless communication device, the configuration information may indicate one (or at least one) positioning state that is associated with at least one of: a symbol ID, a slot ID, a radio frame ID, a super radio frame ID, a resource ID, a PRS / SRS resource ID, a PRS / SRS resource set ID, a frequency index, an absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN) , a frequency band index, a phase index, a group ID of the passive wireless communication device, a base station ID (PCI) , a reader ID, a writer ID, a UE ID, and / or a power charging state of the passive wireless communication device.
[0092] In some arrangements, such as for the wireless communication node, the configuration information may indicate that the wireless communication node can adjust a transmission power of the active wireless communication device according to a measured RSRP, such as to reduce energy consumption or avoid excessive energy. In some implementations, the configuration information may indicate that the wireless communication node can adjust the transmission power of the active wireless communication device according to the RSRP measured or reported by the active wireless communication device.
[0093] At 606, 610, with the configuration information and / or the reference signal, the devices (e.g., wireless communication node, active wireless communication device, and / or passive wireless communication device) can perform a measurement on the reference signal for positioning. For example, for the active wireless communication device to perform the measurement, the active wireless communication device can simultaneously measure positioning-related information of signals from a target passive wireless communication device (e.g., target A-IoT device or tag) and a reference passive wireless communication device (e.g., reference A-IoT device or tag) . For instance, the simultaneous measurement operation can remove or mitigate various errors introduced by certain positioning methods (e.g., timing-related positioning, such as TDOA, RTOA, or RSTD, or carrier phase positioning, which may include initial errors between BSs) , thereby improving the positioning accuracy.
[0094] In some implementations, for performing the measurement, the active wireless communication device can forward / provide / transmit / send a group ID of the passive wireless communication device to the wireless communication node by attaching positioning-related information, such as but not limited to carrier phase, differential carrier phase, TOA, RTOA, TDOA, RTT, RSRP, and / or RSRPP. In some implementations, for performing the measurement, the active wireless communication device can adjust a transmission power of the active wireless communication device according to the measured RSRP.
[0095] In some implementations, for performing the measurement, the active wireless communication device can measure a radio signal reflected by the passive wireless communication device with a line of sight (LOS) and / or non-LOS (NLOS) indication. In some implementations, for performing the measurement, the active wireless communication device can measure an angle of arrival (AOA) , RSRP, RSRPP, etc., of a radio signal reflected by the passive wireless communication device.
[0096] In further examples, for the wireless communication node to perform the measurement, the wireless communication node can simultaneously measure positioning-related information of signals from the target passive wireless communication device and the reference passive wireless communication device. In some implementations, for performing the measurement, the wireless communication node can measure a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device with a line of sight (LOS) / non-LOS (NLOS) indication, e.g., for improving positioning accuracy.
[0097] At 608, 612, responsive to performing the measurement on the reference signal, the wireless communication node, the active wireless communication device, and / or the wireless communication device that performed the measurement can report the result, for instance, to the network (e.g., LMF / CN) . For example, the reporting can be performed by sending / transmitting / providing / forwarding a report including the result of the measurement to the network. In some implementations, the report may be sent to an intermediary device for forwarding to the network. For instance, the passive wireless communication device may send the report to the active wireless communication device and / or the wireless communication node. The active wireless communication device may send the report to the passive wireless communication device and / or the wireless communication node. In such cases, the wireless communication device can forward the report from the active and / or passive wireless communication device to the network, for example.
[0098] In some arrangements, for reports from the active wireless communication device, the report may include or indicate that the active wireless communication device can forward a signal (e.g., reflected reference signal, reflection of reference signal, etc. ) from a passive wireless communication device with reader / writer related information (e.g., information related to the active wireless communication device) . For example, the signal reflected by the passive wireless communication device may be relatively weak, such as from the perspective of the wireless communication node (e.g., the receiver of the BS) . When forwarding the signal, the signal can be signed by the reader / writer. In this case, the signature and / or related information of the reader / writer can be included in the report. In such implementations, forwarding can enlarge the signal with information of the reader / writer.
[0099] In some implementations, the report may include a reader ID attached to the result of the measurement. For example, the location of the passive wireless communication device may be unknown while the location of the reader may be known (or unknown) . By including the reader ID, the complexity of positioning by group positioning via a reader can be minimized / reduced.
[0100] In some implementations, the report may include an ID of a passive wireless communication device attached to the result of the measurement. For example, the location of the passive wireless communication device may be unknown. In such cases, the positioning end (e.g., the network, the wireless communication node, or the active wireless communication device) can identify which passive wireless communication device’s location to compute or determine, for example.
[0101] In some implementations, the report may include a location of the active wireless communication device attached to the result of the measurement. In some implementations, the report may include (e.g., an indication that) when the active wireless communication device forwards a group ID of a passive active wireless communication device, the active wireless communication device can receive a plurality of group IDs, then the active wireless communication device can forward all the plurality of group IDs or a sub-set of the plurality of group IDs.
[0102] In some implementations, for reports from the passive wireless communication device, the report can include or indicate that when the passive wireless communication device receives a group specific indication, the passive wireless communication device can respond with a group specific feedback, for instance, to reduce positioning complexity (via grouping) . In some implementations, the report can indicate that the passive wireless communication device can reflect a signal from a wireless communication node with a slot structure. In such cases, by using the slot structure to determine the behavior of the passive wireless communication device, interference between the transmitter and receiver can be reduced or minimized.
[0103] In some implementations, the report can indicate that the passive wireless communication device can reflect a signal that carries a tag ID together with physical cell ID (PCI) of a cell after modulating the reference signal for positioning. The tag ID can indicate which tag (e.g., passive wireless communication device) reflects the signal from the cell. In some implementations, the report can indicate that a group ID of the passive wireless communication device can be fed back by the passive wireless communication device itself. In some implementations, the report can indicate that the passive wireless communication device can feed back whether a transmission power of a wireless communication node or an active wireless communication device is relatively high enough or sufficient (e.g. at or above a predetermined minimum threshold) . In such cases, potential energy waste can be minimized or avoided.
[0104] In some arrangements, for reports from the wireless communication node, the measurement result may be associated with an ID of a reference passive wireless communication device.
[0105] In additional or alternative embodiments, it should be noted that the information of the configuration information received by or configured for the wireless communication node, the active wireless communication device, and / or the passive wireless communication device may not be limited to a specific device, e.g., the configuration information of the wireless communication node, the active wireless communication device, and / or the passive wireless communication device may be similar to, different from, or interchangeable with each other, not limited to the examples discussed herein. It should be noted that the wireless communication node, the active wireless communication device, and / or the passive wireless communication device can include or perform similar (or different) features or operations between each other, including measurement of the reference signal, not limited to the examples provided herein. Further, it should be noted that the report from the wireless communication node, the active wireless communication device, and / or the passive wireless communication device may include similar (or different) information to / from each other.
[0106] While various arrangements of the present solution have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. Likewise, the various diagrams may depict an example architectural or configuration, which are provided to enable persons of ordinary skill in the art to understand example features and functions of the present solution. Such persons would understand, however, that the solution is not restricted to the illustrated example architectures or configurations, but can be implemented using a variety of alternative architectures and configurations. Additionally, as would be understood by persons of ordinary skill in the art, one or more features of some arrangements can be combined with one or more features of another arrangement described herein. Thus, the breadth and scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by any of the above-described illustrative arrangements.
[0107] It is also understood that any reference to an element herein using a designation such as “first, ” “second, ” and so forth does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. Rather, these designations can be used herein as a convenient means of distinguishing between two or more elements or instances of an element. Thus, a reference to first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be employed, or that the first element must precede the second element in some manner.
[0108] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art would understand that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits and symbols, for example, which may be referenced in the above description can be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0109] A person of ordinary skill in the art would further appreciate that any of the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits, methods and functions described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware (e.g., a digital implementation, an analog implementation, or a combination of the two) , firmware, various forms of program or design code incorporating instructions (which can be referred to herein, for convenience, as “software” or a “software module) , or any combination of these techniques. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware, firmware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware, firmware or software, or a combination of these techniques, depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans can implement the described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions do not cause a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
[0110] Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, devices, components and circuits described herein can be implemented within or performed by an integrated circuit (IC) that can include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. The logical blocks, modules, and circuits can further include antennas and / or transceivers to communicate with various components within the network or within the device. A general purpose processor can be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, or state machine. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suitable configuration to perform the functions described herein.
[0111] If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Thus, the steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein can be implemented as software stored on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer program or code from one place to another. A storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
[0112] In this document, the term “module” as used herein, refers to software, firmware, hardware, and any combination of these elements for performing the associated functions described herein. Additionally, for purpose of discussion, the various modules are described as discrete modules; however, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art, two or more modules may be combined to form a single module that performs the associated functions according to arrangements of the present solution.
[0113] Additionally, memory or other storage, as well as communication components, may be employed in arrangements of the present solution. It will be appreciated that, for clarity purposes, the above description has described arrangements of the present solution with reference to different functional units and processors. However, it will be apparent that any suitable distribution of functionality between different functional units, processing logic elements or domains may be used without detracting from the present solution. For example, functionality illustrated to be performed by separate processing logic elements, or controllers, may be performed by the same processing logic element, or controller. Hence, references to specific functional units are only references to a suitable means for providing the described functionality, rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.
[0114] Various modifications to the implementations described in this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other implementations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementations shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the novel features and principles disclosed herein, as recited in the claims below.
Claims
1.A wireless communication method, comprising:receiving, by an active wireless communication device, configuration information of a reference signal for positioning;performing, by the active wireless communication device, a measurement on the reference signal for positioning; andsending, by the active wireless communication device, a report including a result of the measurement.2.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the report includes that the active wireless communication device can forward a signal from a passive wireless communication device with reader / writer related information.3.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates that a field exists to indicate the active wireless communication device configured to measure a signal sent from a passive wireless communication device.4.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates that one or more of a plurality of reserved bits in a DCI can be used to indicate an operation of the active wireless communication device.5.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the configuration information indicates that a codepoint from a DCI can be applied for indication of an operation of the active wireless communication device.6.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the report includes a reader ID attached to the result of the measurement.7.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the report includes an ID of a passive wireless communication device attached to the result of the measurement.8.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the report includes a location of the active wireless communication device attached to the result of the measurement.9.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:simultaneously measuring, by the active wireless communication device, positioning related information of signals from a target passive wireless communication device and a reference passive wireless communication device.10.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:forwarding, by the active wireless communication device, a group ID of a passive wireless communication device to a wireless communication node by attaching positioning related information.11.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein the report includes when the active wireless communication device forwards a group ID of a passive active wireless communication device, the active wireless communication device can receive a plurality of group IDs, then the active wireless communication device can forward all the plurality of group IDs or a sub-set of the plurality of group IDs.12.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:adjusting, by the active wireless communication device, a transmission power of the active wireless communication device according to a measured RSRP.13.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:measuring, by the active wireless communication device, a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device with a line of sight (LOS) / non-LOS (NLOS) indication.14.The wireless communication method of claim 1, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:measuring, by the active wireless communication device, an angle of arrival (AOA) / RSRP / RSRPP of a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device.15.A wireless communication method, comprising:receiving, by a passive wireless communication device, configuration information of a reference signal for positioning;performing, by the passive wireless communication device, a measurement on the reference signal for positioning; andsending, by the passive wireless communication device, a report including a measurement result of the reference signal for positioning.16.The wireless communication method of claim 15, wherein the report indicates that when the passive wireless communication device receives a group specific indication, the passive wireless communication device responds with a group specific feedback.17.The wireless communication method of claim 15, wherein the report indicates that the passive wireless communication device can reflect a signal from a wireless communication node with a slot structure.18.The wireless communication method of claim 15, wherein the report indicates that the passive wireless communication device can reflect a signal that carries a tag ID together with physical cell ID (PCI) of a cell after modulating the reference signal for positioning.19.The wireless communication method of claim 15, wherein the report indicates that a group ID of the passive wireless communication device can be fed back by the passive wireless communication device itself.20.The wireless communication method of claim 15, wherein the configuration information indicates one positioning state that is associated with at least one of: a symbol ID, a slot ID, a radio frame ID, a super radio frame ID, a resource ID, a PRS / SRS resource ID, a PRS / SRS resource set ID, a frequency index, an absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN) , a frequency band index, a phase index, a group ID of the passive wireless communication device, a base station ID (PCI) , a reader ID, a writer ID, a UE ID, or a power charging state of the passive wireless communication device.21.The wireless communication method of claim 15, wherein the report indicates that the passive wireless communication device can feed back whether a transmission power of a wireless communication node or an active wireless communication device is high enough.22.A wireless communication method, comprising:configuring, by a wireless communication node, a reference signal comprising configuration information for positioning;performing, by the wireless communication node, a measurement on the reference signal for positioning; andsending, by the wireless communication node, a report including a measurement result of the reference signal for positioning.23.The wireless communication method of claim 22, wherein the measurement result is associated with an ID of a reference passive wireless communication device.24.The wireless communication method of claim 22, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:simultaneously measuring, by the wireless communication node, positioning related information of signals from a target passive wireless communication device and a reference passive wireless communication device.25.The wireless communication method of claim 22, wherein the configuration information indicates that the wireless communication node can adjust a transmission power of an active wireless communication device according to a measured RSRP.26.The wireless communication method of claim 22, wherein the configuration information indicates that the wireless communication node can adjust a transmission power of an active wireless communication device according to a RSRP measured or reported by the active wireless communication device.27.The wireless communication method of claim 22, wherein step of performing the measurement on the reference signal for positioning further comprises:measuring, by the wireless communication node, a radio signal reflected by a passive wireless communication device with a line of sight (LOS) / non-LOS (NLOS) indication.
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