Selection between sample and path based timing information reporting for positioning
The system addresses the challenge of selecting between sample-based and path-based timing information reporting in wireless communication systems by using a processor to determine the appropriate reporting method and granularity, resulting in efficient and accurate positioning.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/100789
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-27
AI Technical Summary
Current wireless communication systems face challenges in efficiently selecting between sample-based and path-based timing information reporting for positioning, particularly in determining the appropriate time domain granularity for channel measurements.
The system includes a processor configured to receive signaling for timing information reporting, determine the selection between sample-based and path-based reporting, or adjust the time domain granularity, and report the appropriate number of time domain values to another device.
This approach enables effective selection between reporting schemes based on positioning cases, reference signal types, and device capabilities, ensuring accurate and efficient timing information reporting for positioning in wireless communication systems.
Smart Images

Figure CN2024100789_27032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
SELECTION BETWEEN SAMPLE AND PATH BASED TIMING INFORMATION REPORTING FOR POSITIONINGTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to devices, a processor for wireless communication, methods, and computer readable media for selection between sample and path based timing information reporting for positioning.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations, which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] It was agreed by 3GPP that time domain channel measurements for artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI / ML) based positioning include two alternatives: sample-based measurements and path-based measurements. For the sample-based measurements, the timing information is an integer multiple of sampling period, and for the path-based measurements, the timing information is according to the detected path timing and may not be an integer multiple of sampling period. Further issues need to be investigated regarding the combination of the two alternatives.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to a first device, a second device, a processor for wireless communication, methods, and computer readable media for selection between sample and path based timing information reporting for positioning.
[0005] In a first aspect, there is provided a first device. The first device comprises a processor; and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: receive, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; determine selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and report, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0006] In a second aspect, there is provided a second device. The second device comprises a processor; and a transceiver coupled to the processor, wherein the processor is configured to: transmit, to a first device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; determine selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and receive, from the first device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a processor for wireless communication. The processor comprises: at least one memory; and a controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to: receive, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; determine selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and report, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0008] In an fourth aspect, there is provided a method performed by a first device. The method comprises: receiving, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and reporting, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a method performed by a second device. The method comprises: transmitting, to a first device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and receiving, from the first device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer readable medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions, when executed by a processor of an apparatus, causing the apparatus to perform the method according to any of the fourth to the fifth aspects of the disclosure.
[0011] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device may receive, from the second device, a second signaling indicating one of the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or indicating the time domain granularity.
[0012] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device and the second device may determine, based on at least one of a positioning case or a reference signal (RS) type, the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity.
[0013] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device and the second device may determine, based on at least one of a positioning case or a reference signal (RS) type, the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity.
[0014] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, mappings from positioning cases or RS types to the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or to the time domain granularity, are configured or predefined.
[0015] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, based on a determination that the positioning case is user equipment (UE) -assisted / location management function (LMF) -based positioning with LMF-side model, or a determination that the RS type is positioning reference signal (PRS) , the first device and the second device may determine selection of the sample-based reporting, or determine a coarser time domain granularity.
[0016] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, based on a determination that the positioning case is next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) node assisted positioning with LMF-side model, or a determination that the RS type is sounding reference signal (SRS) , the first device and the second device may determine selection of the path-based reporting, or determine a finer time domain granularity.
[0017] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, based on a determination that a time domain distance between the reporting and the path-based reporting for positioning is within a configured or predefined threshold, the first device and the second device may determine selection of the path-based reporting.
[0018] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, may be determined based on consistency between different life cycle management (LCM) procedures.
[0019] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device and the second device may determine the selection or the time domain granularity of a first LCM procedure to be the same as that of a second LCM procedure associated with the same identity or dataset identity.
[0020] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the time domain values may be reported together with a purpose or a version.
[0021] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device and the second device may determine whether the timing information is related to a first part corresponding to channel measurements only or related to both the first part and a second part corresponding to information used to derive ground truth; and determine, based on a determination that the timing information is related to the first part only, the selection of the sample-based reporting, or determine, based on a determination that the timing information is related to both the first part and the second part, the selection of the path-based reporting.
[0022] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, may be determined based on capability of the first device that is reported to the second device.
[0023] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device and the second device may, in a case that the reported capability of the first device indicates the path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity, determine the selection of the path-based reporting or the finer time domain granularity; or in a case that the reported capability of the first device indicates the sample-based reporting or a coarse time domain granularity, determine the selection of the sample-based reporting or the coarse time domain granularity.
[0024] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device and the second device may, in a case that the reported capability of the first device does not indicate the path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity, determine the selection of the sample-based reporting or a coarse time domain granularity; or in a case that the reported capability of the first device does not indicate the sample-based reporting or a coarse time domain granularity, determine the selection of the path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity.
[0025] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the number of the time domain values are configured, and the first device may determine a time domain window where the selected time domain values for reporting are located.
[0026] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the second device may configure the first device with at least one of: starting of the time domain window, a length of the time domain window, or a power threshold.
[0027] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device may determine starting of the time domain window based on at least one of the following: a configured or predefined offset with respect to a time domain reference point; a time domain position with the largest reception power; or an earliest time domain position with reception power equal to or larger than a configured or predefined threshold.
[0028] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device may determine a length of the time domain window based on a configuration.
[0029] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device may further determine a set of time domain values to report based on a configured or predefined power threshold, wherein the reception power corresponding to the set of time domain values is equal to or greater than the power threshold.
[0030] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device may compare the number of the time domain values in the set with a configured number of samples or paths; and based on determining that the number of the time domain values is less than the required number of samples or paths, report at least one predefined time domain value.
[0031] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the first device may determine ending of the time domain window based on an event.
[0032] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the event occurs when reception power of samples or paths is less than a power threshold for a configured or predefined count.
[0033] In some implementations of the methods, the first device and the second device described herein, the second device may configure the first device with a count of occurrences that reception power of samples or paths is less than a power threshold to define ending of the time domain window.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0034] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.
[0035] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate schematic diagrams of sample-based and path-based timing information reporting schemes in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 3 illustrates a process flow of timing information reporting of channel measurement in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 4A illustrates a schematic diagram of selection between reporting schemes based on whether there is a path-based reporting in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 4B illustrates a schematic diagram of selection between reporting schemes based on LCM consistency in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0039] FIGS. 5A to 5C illustrate schematic diagrams of some options for determining starting of a time domain window in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0040] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate schematic diagrams of some options for determining a length of a time domain window in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a device that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a processor that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method that performed by a first device in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0044] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method that performed by a second device in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0045] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0046] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein can be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below. In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0047] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0048] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms. In some examples, values, procedures, or apparatuses are referred to as “best, ” “lowest, ” “highest, ” “minimum, ” “maximum, ” or the like. It will be appreciated that such descriptions are intended to indicate that a selection among many used functional alternatives can be made, and such selections need not be better, smaller, higher, or otherwise preferable to other selections.
[0049] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a, ” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises, ” “comprising, ” “has, ” “having, ” “includes” and / or “including, ” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, components and / or the like, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof. For example, the term “includes” and its variants are to be read as open terms that mean “includes, but is not limited to. ” The term “based on” is to be read as “based at least in part on. ” The term “one embodiment” and “an embodiment” are to be read as “at least one embodiment. ” The term “another embodiment” is to be read as “at least one other embodiment. ” The use of an expression such as “A and / or B” and “A / B” can mean either “only A” or “only B” or “both A and B. ” Other definitions, explicit and implicit, may be included below.
[0050] It was agreed to investigate in Rel-19 the time domain channel measurements for AI / ML based positioning. The time domain channel measurements include sample-based measurements, where the timing information is an integer multiple of sampling periods, and path-based measurements, where the timing information is according to the detected path timing and may not be an integer multiple of sampling periods.
[0051] It was further agreed that the measurement is composed of Nt’ samples of the estimated channel response in time domain. The timing information for the Nt’ samples are reported with a timing granularity T, where T=2k ×Tc, k represents the timing reporting granularity factor, Tc is the basic time unit for NR, and Nt’ and k can be signaled. The corresponding measurement (e.g., power if reported) corresponds to the measurement for the reported Nt’ samples. It was also agreed that the path-based measurement refers to the measurement in the existing specifications (up to Rel-18) including measurement reporting, with potential enhancements on the number of reported paths (if needed) . Or alternatively, sample based reporting and path based reporting may be associated with different time domain granularities.
[0052] As mentioned, the timing information is agreed to be one type of channel measurement, and both the sample-based and path-based timing information reporting schemes have been discussed by 3GPP. It is possible that both schemes will be supported, and one scheme may be selected depending on the circumstances. This issue has not been studied yet. Additionally, how to determine the selected time instances of the timing information has not been studied either. In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure target how to determine which scheme to use at a circumstance, and how to determine the selected time instances of the timing information.
[0053] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system. FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in which some embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment (NE) ) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0054] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface. In a 3GPP non-terrestrial network (NTN) , a network entity 102 in form of a satellite can directly communicate to UE 104 using NR / LTE Uu interface. The satellite may be a transparent satellite or a regenerative satellite. For NTN with a transparent satellite, a base station on earth may communicate with a UE via the satellite. For NTN with a regenerative satellite, the base station may be on board and directly communicate with the UE.
[0055] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0056] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0057] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0058] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0059] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0060] In some implementations, the network entity 102 may include an AI / ML model for positioning, and perform data collection of model training, model inference, performance monitoring, etc.
[0061] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0062] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0063] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) , service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0064] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0065] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0066] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, positioning, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include which may include a server 117 for performing a location management function (LMF) , a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106. In some implementations, the server 117 may include an AI / ML model for positioning, and perform data collection of model training, model inference, performance monitoring, etc.
[0067] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N2, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0068] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0069] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0070] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0071] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0072] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0073] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0074] There are some AI / ML-based positioning cases encompassing direct AI / ML positioning and AI / ML assisted positioning. The direct AI / ML positioning may comprise: Case 1, UE-based positioning with UE-side model; Case 2b, UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning with LMF-side model; and Case 3b, next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) node assisted positioning with LMF-side model. The AI / ML assisted positioning may comprise: Case 2a, UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning with UE-side model; and Case 3a, NG-RAN node assisted positioning with gNB-side model.
[0075] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate schematic diagrams of sample-based and path-based timing information reporting schemes in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2A, for the sample-based timing information reporting, the timing information is at multiples of sampling points. As shown in FIG. 2B, for the path based timing information reporting, there is no such restriction. Thus, the configurations for path-based reporting may be different and the requirement for path-based reporting may also be different from that for sample based reporting.
[0076] Both schemes have pros and cons. For the sample-based timing information reporting, consistence may be easier to be guaranteed between different life cycle management (LCM) procedures, e.g. model training, model inference, model performance monitoring. For the path-based timing information reporting, it is more consistent with some legacy positioning methods such as reporting timing information associated with reference signal received path pow (RSRPP) , received signal code power (RSCP) , etc.
[0077] FIG. 3 illustrates a process flow of timing information reporting of channel measurement in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. The process flow 300 may involve a first device 301 and a second device 302. Depending on position cases, the first device 301 may be a UE or a network entity (e.g., a base station or gNB) , and the second device 302 may be a network entity (e.g., a base station, gNB, an LMF, or a core network entity) . For example, for Case 2b, UE-assisted / LMF-based positioning with LMF-side model, the first device 301 may be a UE, and the second device 302 may be a base station or a server performing an LMF. For case 3b, NG-RAN node assisted positioning with LMF-side model, the first device 301 may be a base station, and the second device 302 may be a server performing the LMF.
[0078] The process flow 300 may be applied to the wireless communications system 100 with reference to FIG. 1, for example, the first device 301 may be any of UEs 104 or network entities 102, and the second device 302 may be any of the network entities 102 or the server 117. It would be appreciated that the process flow 300 may be applied to other communication scenarios.
[0079] At 310, the second device transmits, the first device 301, a first signaling 315 indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement. Correspondingly, at 320, the first device 301 receives the first signaling 315 from the second device 302.
[0080] At 330, both the first device 301 and the second device 302 determine selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting.
[0081] At 340, the first device 301 reports a number of time domain values of the channel measurement 345 to the second device 302. Correspondingly, at 350, the second device 302 receives the reported time domain values of the channel measurement 345 from the first device 301.
[0082] There are several methods for the selection between the sample-based and path based timing information reporting schemes, or aligning the time domain granularity between the first device 301 and the second device 302. In some embodiments, the selection or the domain granularity may be based on an explicit configuration. The second device 302 may send a second signaling indicating one of the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or indicating the time domain granularity. The second signaling may indicate whether the sample-based or the path-based timing information reporting is applied. The second signaling may indicate a value for the time domain granularity, e.g., the factor k. The second signaling can be RRC or MAC CE. The second signaling can be applied for a group of UEs or configured per UE.
[0083] In some embodiments, the selection or the domain granularity may be based on positioning cases or reference signal (RS) type for measurement / reporting. For example, for AI positioning Case 1, 2a, or 3a, the channel measurement based on positioning reference signal (PRS) or sounding reference signal (SRS) is used by the measurement entity itself, hence there is no restriction on whether sample based or path based is adopted and no restriction on the factor k.
[0084] As another example, For AI positioning Case 2b, the channel measurement based on PRS at UE side is to be reported to LMF. Considering processing capability restriction and commonality among different UEs, it is preferred to adopt the sample-based reporting scheme or a coarser time domain granularity, e.g. a smaller factor k.
[0085] Additionally, for AI positioning Case 3b, the channel measurement based on SRS at gNB side is to be reported to LMF. Considering processing capability at gNB side, it is preferred to adopt the path-based reporting scheme or a finer time domain granularity.
[0086] The relationship between positioning cases / corresponding RS type and sample / path-based reporting schemes or different k values can be preconfigured or pre-defined. On basis of the relationship, both the first device 301 and the second device 302 can map the current positioning case or RS type to a corresponding scheme or a time domain granularity.
[0087] Based on positioning cases or RS type for measurement / reporting, different time domain granularity or different methods to determine the reported multiple time domain information can be adopted. For example, for positioning Case 2b, the granularity may be based on k=2, and for positioning case 3b, the granularity may be based on k=3. As another example, for RS configured to be PRS, the reported multiple time domain information may be with respect to a time domain reference point; and for RS configured to be SRS, the reported time domain information may be with respect to the first reported time domain position.
[0088] In some embodiments, the selection between the sample-based and path-based reporting schemes may be based on whether there is legacy path-based reporting for positioning. The first device 301 and the second device 302 may determine whether a time domain distance between the reporting and the path-based reporting for positioning is within a configured or predefined threshold. If so, they may determine to select the path-based reporting scheme, otherwise, select the sample-based reporting scheme.
[0089] FIG. 4A illustrates a schematic diagram of selection between reporting schemes based on whether there is path-based reporting in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. If there is another type of reporting, such as RSRPP, RSCP, or additional path-based measurement / reporting for UE / gNB between time t1 to t2, and the measurement for AI positioning is between (t1-A, t2+A) , where A is a configured or pre-defined value, t1 is starting of the measurement or report, t2 is ending of the measurement or report, then the measurement / reporting for AI positioning is path-based measurement and the path-based reporting is performed; otherwise, the sample-based reporting is performed.
[0090] In some embodiments, the selection between the sample-based and path-based reporting schemes, and the time domain granularity may be based on consistency between different LCM procedures. The first device 301 and the second device 302 may determine the selection of sample based or path based reporting or the time domain granularity of a first LCM procedure to be the same as that of a second LCM procedure associated with the same identity or dataset identity. Here the LCM procedure can be data collection, model training, model inference or model performance monitoring, and the model may be associated with an ID or dataset.
[0091] FIG. 4B illustrates a schematic diagram of selection between reporting schemes based on LCM consistency in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4B, path-based reporting is selected due to overlap with another type of path-based reporting, then path-based reporting may be used for all corresponding model training / inference / performance monitoring associated with a same id or dataset.
[0092] In some embodiments, new timing information reporting for AI may be configured to be associated with a purpose, such as “AI positioning” or a new version such as “r-19” to differentiate it from other existing reporting types, such as RSRPP, RSCP, or additional path reporting in NR.
[0093] In some embodiments, the selection between the sample-based and path-based reporting schemes, or the time domain granularity may be based on other to be reported information associated with the timing information. For example, the first device 301 and the second device 302 may determine the selection or the time domain granularity based on whether timing information is related to part A only or both part A and part B, where Part A corresponds to channel measurement, such as timing information, power information, time stamp and also quality indicator and phase information, and Part B corresponds to information to derive ground truth value, such as position, time stamp, or other types of positioning based measurement, etc.
[0094] If the timing information is related to part A only, then sample-based reporting may be adopted. If the timing information is related to both part A and part B, then the path-based scheme may be adopted. The relationship with Part A and / or Part B may be applicable for both UE and gNB, corresponding to different AI positioning cases, i.e. Case 2b or Case 3b.
[0095] In some embodiments, the selection between the sample-based and path-based reporting schemes, and the time domain granularity may be based on UE and / or gNB capability. The reporting capability may indicate one of the reporting schemes, or indicate a supported time domain granularity.
[0096] If a UE reports capability with path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity, it will always adopt the path-based reporting or the finer time domain granularity, or adopt path-based reporting or the finer time domain granularity without configuration. If a UE reports capability with sample-based reporting or coarse time domain granularity, it will always adopt sample-based reporting or the coarse time domain granularity, or adopt the sample-based reporting or the coarse time domain granularity without configuration.
[0097] Additionally or alternatively, if a UE doesn’t report capability with path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity, it will always adopt the sample-based reporting or a coarse time domain granularity, or adopt the sample-based reporting or the coarse time domain granularity without configuration. If a UE doesn’t report capability with sample-based reporting or a coarse time domain granularity, it will always adopt the path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity, or adopt the path-based reporting or the finer time domain granularity without configuration.
[0098] Due to the multi-path effect, time domain channel response may last for a duration. There are several method for selection of timing information to report. The first device 301 may be configured with the number of time domain values to report, and select the time domain values within a time domain window.
[0099] FIGS. 5A to 5C illustrate schematic diagrams of some options for determining starting of a time domain window in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure. According to option 1 shown in FIG. 5A, the starting of the time domain window may correspond to domain position with largest power. According to option 2 shown in FIG. 5B, the starting of the time domain window may correspond an earliest time domain position whose reception power is larger than a threshold. The threshold can be configured or predefined. According to option 3 shown in FIG. 5C, the starting of the time domain window may be based on a time domain reference point. There can be an additional configured or pre-defined offset with respect to the configured or predefined time domain reference point.
[0100] FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate schematic diagrams of some options for determining a length of a time domain window in accordance with some example embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0101] With reference to FIG. 6A, the length of the window may be based on an explicit configuration from the second device 302 such as gNB or LMF. Within the window, only when reception power at a sample point or path is equal to or greater than a configured or pre-defined power threshold, this sample point / path can be recorded. In some embodiments, the first device 301 may determine a set of timing samples or paths whose reception power are equal to or greater than the power threshold, and select, from the set, the configured number (Nt’) of time domain values to report. If the number of timing samples / paths N1 satisfying the power threshold requirement is larger than Nt’, the timing sample / paths later in time domain or the timing sample / paths smaller based onreception power will be discarded. If the number of timing samples / paths N1 is smaller than Nt’, time domain position for the last (Nt’–N1) will be a predefined value, e.g. time domain position N1 or 0.
[0102] In FIG. 6A, for example, if N1=4, Nt’=6, the time domain position will be (1, 4, 5, 8, 8, 8) or (1, 4, 5, 8, 0, 0) . As another example, if N1=4, Nt’=3, the time domain position will be (1, 4, 5) based on time domain position or (1, 4, 8) based on power domain value.
[0103] With reference to FIG. 6B, the length of the window may be based on reception power detected for each sample point / path and a configured / pre-defined threshold. In some embodiments, ending of the time domain window may be based on an event. The event may occur when reception power of samples or paths is less than a power threshold for a configured or predefined count (M) . In other words, if the reception power for a sample point / path is less than a threshold for more than M samples / paths, then the window is ended.
[0104] In FIG. 6B, for example, assume the power threshold is 2 and M is 4. Then, the selected samples are (1, 4, 5, 8) with power value (5, 7, 3, 5) respectively. Similarly, appending or discarding can be considered if number of selected samples / paths is not equal to the configured Nt’.
[0105] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a device that is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure. The device 700 may be an example of a UE 104, a network entity 102, a server 117 as described herein. The device 700 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 700 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 702, a memory 704, a transceiver 706, and, optionally, an I / O controller 708. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0106] The processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0107] In some implementations, the processor 702, the memory 704, the transceiver 706, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 702 and the memory 704 coupled with the processor 702 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 702, instructions stored in the memory 704) .
[0108] For example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the device 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The device 700 may be an example of the first device 301. In this case, the processor 702 may be configured to operable to support means for receiving, from a second device 302, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; means for determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and means for reporting, to the second device 302, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0109] The device 700 may be an example of the second device 302. In this case, the processor 702 may be configured to operable to support means for transmitting, to the first device 301, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; means for determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and means for receiving, from the first device 301, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0110] The processor 702 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 702 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 702. The processor 702 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 704) to cause the device 700 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0111] The memory 704 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 702 cause the device 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 702 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 704 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0112] The I / O controller 708 may manage input and output signals for the device 700. The I / O controller 708 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 700. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 708 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 702. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 700 via the I / O controller 708 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 708.
[0113] In some implementations, the device 700 may include a single antenna 710. However, in some other implementations, the device 700 may have more than one antenna 710 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 706 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 710, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 706 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 706 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 710 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 710. The transceiver 706 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0114] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 710 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0115] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 710 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0116] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a processor 800 is suitable for implementing some embodiments of the present disclosure. The processor 800 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may include a controller 802 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may optionally include at least one memory 804. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 800 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 806. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0117] The processor 800 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0118] The controller 802 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 802 may operate as a control unit of the processor 800, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 800. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0119] The controller 802 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 804 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 802 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 804. The controller 802 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 802 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 802 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 800. The controller 802 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 800.
[0120] The memory 804 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 800 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 804 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 800) . In some other implementations, the memory 804 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 800) .
[0121] The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 800, cause the processor 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 802 and / or the processor 800 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the processor 800 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization) . For example, the processor 800 and / or the controller 802 may be coupled with or to the memory 804, the processor 800, the controller 802, and the memory 804 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 800 may include multiple processors and the memory 804 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0122] The one or more ALUs 806 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) . One or more ALUs 806 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 806 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 806 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 806 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 806 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0123] The processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may implemented at the first device 301. In this case, the processor 800 may be configured to operable to support means for receiving, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; means for determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and means for reporting, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement
[0124] The processor 800 may implemented at the second device 302. In this case, the processor 800 may be configured to operable to support means for transmitting, to the first device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement; means for determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; and means for receiving, from the first device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
[0125] FIG. 9 illustrates a flowchart of a method 900 performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 900 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 900 may be performed by a first device as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0126] At 910, the method may include receiving, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement. The operations of 910 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 910 may be performed by the first device 301 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0127] At 920, the method may include determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting. The operations of 920 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 920 may be performed by the first device 301 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0128] At 930, the method may include reporting, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement. The operations of 930 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 930 may be performed by the first device 301 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0129] FIG. 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method 1000 performed by a network entity in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 1000 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 1000 may be performed by a second device as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0130] At 1010, the method may include transmitting, to a first device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement. The operations of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by the second device 302 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0131] At 1020, the method may include determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting. The operations of 1020 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1020 may be performed by the second device 302 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0132] At 1030, the method may include receiving, from the first device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement. The operations of 1030 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1020 may be performed by the second device 302 as described with reference to FIG. 3.
[0133] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0134] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0135] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0136] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0137] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0138] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A first device comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement;determine selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; andreport, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.2.The first device of claim 1, wherein, to determine the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting, the processor is configured to:receive, from the second device, a second signaling indicating one of the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or indicating the time domain granularity.3.The first device of claim 1, wherein, to determine the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting, the processor is configured to:determine, based on at least one of a positioning case or a reference signal (RS) type, the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity.4.The first device of claim 3, wherein mappings from positioning cases or RS types to the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or to the time domain granularity, are configured or predefined.5.The first device of claim 1, wherein, to determine the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, the processor is configured to:based on a determination that a time domain distance between the reporting and a further path-based reporting for positioning is within a configured or predefined threshold, determine selection of the path-based reporting.6.The first device of claim 1, wherein the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, is determined based on consistency between different life cycle management (LCM) procedures.7.The first device of claim 6, wherein, to determine the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, the processor is configured to:determine the selection or the time domain granularity of a first LCM procedure to be the same as that of a second LCM procedure associated with the same identity or dataset identity.8.The first device of claim 1, wherein the time domain values are reported together with a purpose or a version.9.The first device of claim 1, wherein to determine the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, the processor is configured to:determine whether the timing information is related to a first part corresponding to channel measurements only or related to both the first part and a second part corresponding to information used to derive ground truth; anddetermine, based on a determination that the timing information is related to the first part only, the selection of the sample-based reporting, or determine, based on a determination that the timing information is related to both the first part and the second part, the selection of the path-based reporting.10.The first device of claim 1, wherein the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, is determined based on capability of the first device that is reported to the second device.11.The first device of claim 10, wherein, to determine the selection between the sample-based reporting and the path-based reporting, or the time domain granularity, the processor is configured to:in a case that the reported capability of the first device indicates the path-based reporting or a finer time domain granularity, determine the selection of the path-based reporting or the finer time domain granularity; orin a case that the reported capability of the first device indicates the sample-based reporting or a coarse time domain granularity, determine the selection of the sample-based reporting or the coarse time domain granularity.12.The first device of claim 1, wherein the number of the time domain values are configured, and the processor is further configured to determine a time domain window where the selected time domain values for reporting are located.13.The first device of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to determine starting of the time domain window based on at least one of the following:a configured or predefined offset with respect to a time domain reference point;a time domain position with the largest reception power; oran earliest time domain position with reception power equal to or larger than a configured or predefined threshold.14.The first device of claim 12, the processor is further configured to determine a length of the time domain window based on a configuration.15.The first device of claim 12, wherein the first device is further configured to determine a set of time domain values to report based on a configured or predefined power threshold, wherein the reception power corresponding to the set of time domain values is equal to or greater than the power threshold.16.The first device of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to:compare the number of the time domain values in the set with a configured number of samples or paths; andbased on determining that the number of the time domain values is less than the required number of samples or paths, report at least one predefined time domain value.17.The first device of claim 12, wherein, to determine the time domain window, the processor is configured to:determine ending of the time domain window based on an event.18.The first device of claim 17, wherein the event occurs when reception power of samples or paths is less than a power threshold for a configured or predefined count.19.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:receive, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement;determine selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; andreport, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.20.A method performed by a first device, the method comprising:receiving, from a second device, a first signaling indicating reporting of timing information of channel measurement;determining selection between sample-based reporting and path-based reporting, or a time domain granularity of time domain values for reporting; andreporting, to the second device, a number of time domain values of the channel measurement.
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