Electromechanical switching assembly

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical switching assembly (1) comprising at least two electric connection regions, namely at least one first electric connection region (2, 2') and at least one second electric connection region (3, 3'). The first electric connection region (2, 2') has at least one stationary first electric contact element (4a-4g), and the second electric connection region (3, 3') has at least one stationary second electric contact element (5a-5g). The first electric contact element (4a-4g) and the second electric contact element (5a-5g) can be electrically connected and disconnected via at least one movable third electric contact element (6a-6g), wherein the third electric contact element (6a-6g) is biased into one switched position (A, B) via at least one elastic element (7) and can be actuated into the at least one other switched position (A, B) via an actuator unit (8). The actuator unit (8) has at least one actuator (9) and at least one switching shaft (10) which can be moved via the actuator and which, on the basis of the actuated switched position (A, B), leaves the third electric contact element (6a-6g) in the biased switched position (A) or moves same into the at least one other switched position (A, B) against the spring force of the elastic element (7).

Description

[0001] Electromechanical switching arrangement

[0002] Field of the invention

[0003] The present invention relates to an electromechanical switching arrangement with at least two connection areas, namely at least one first connection area and at least one second connection area, wherein the first electrical connection area has at least one fixed first electrical contact element and the second electrical connection area has at least one fixed second electrical contact element, wherein the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element can be electrically connected and separated via at least one movable third electrical contact element and thus at least two switching states can be switched.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] Power distribution units for motor vehicles, in particular for hybrid or electric vehicles, have, in addition to fuse units and voltage and current measuring systems, also switching arrangements that prevent or enable the flow of electricity through an electrical circuit of the vehicle.

[0006] Typically, these switching arrangements consist of at least three relays – depending on the design, at least two high-current relays and one pre-charging relay are installed. In some cases, additional relays may also be installed to connect and disconnect drive units, DC charging contacts, battery bank switching, and perform other functions. The relays used each consist of a contact and an actuator, which are controlled by corresponding output stages of a control unit and monitored via specific circuits.

[0007] The use of multiple individual relays and actuators results in high costs, increased installation space requirements, and increased weight. Furthermore, the relays themselves usually have two high-current connections that can only be cooled passively via the connected busbars. This adversely impacts the installation space and weight of the contact technology. The requirements for current-carrying capacity and closing and opening speed also necessitate adaptation of the actuators. This adversely impacts the overall weight, volume, and energy efficiency. In addition, complex control and monitoring systems are required for each individual relay to detect or prevent malfunctions. The sum of all these disadvantages results in the desire for an improved switching arrangement suitable for use in a power distribution unit of a battery-electric vehicle.

[0008] Summary of the invention

[0009] It is an object of the invention to provide an improved electromechanical switching arrangement. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to generate an improved power distribution unit for a motor vehicle, in particular for a hybrid or electric vehicle.

[0010] This need can be met by the subject matter of the present invention according to independent claims 1 and 11. Advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims. The electromechanical switching arrangement according to the invention comprises at least two electrical connection areas, namely at least one first electrical connection area and at least one second electrical connection area.

[0011] The first electrical connection area can, for example, be electrically connected to an energy storage device, such as a (secondary) battery, a fuel cell, etc. The second electrical connection area can be electrically connected to at least one consumer, for example, in a motor vehicle, a "heater / cooler unit," a "solar interface," a "DC / DC converter," "drive units," "DC charging interface," etc.

[0012] According to the present invention, the first electrical connection region has at least one fixed first electrical contact element and the second electrical connection region has at least one fixed second electrical contact element.

[0013] According to the invention, the first electrical contact element and the second electrical contact element can be electrically connected and separated via at least one movable third electrical contact element.

[0014] According to the invention, at least two switching positions can be switched, wherein the third electrical contact element is prestressed into one switching position via at least one elastic element and can be actuated into the at least one other switching position via an actuator unit.

[0015] According to the invention, the actuator unit comprises at least one actuator and at least one switching shaft, wherein the switching shaft is movable via the actuator and, depending on the actuated switching position, leaves the third electrical contact element in the prestressed switching position or moves it into at least one other switching position against the spring force of the elastic element.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first electrical connection area has a plurality of fixed first electrical contact elements and the second electrical connection area has a plurality of fixed second electrical contact elements, wherein in each case a first electrical contact element can be electrically connected to or separated from a second electrical contact element via a third electrical contact element.

[0017] Particularly preferably, the switching shaft is designed in such a way that, depending on the actuated switching position, several electrical connections can be established simultaneously between the first electrical connection area and the second electrical connection area via the third electrical contact elements.

[0018] The switching shaft preferably has a plurality of switching elements, for example switching gates, which produce a switching pattern that allows, depending on the actuated switching position, a plurality of electrical connections to be established simultaneously between the first connection area and the second connection area via the third contact elements.

[0019] The electromechanical switching arrangement can be designed in multiple layers and have at least a first layer in one construction level and a second layer in a further construction level, wherein a first electrical connection region and a second electrical connection region are assigned to the first layer and wherein a further first electrical connection region and a further second electrical connection region are assigned to the second layer.

[0020] The first construction level and the second construction level are preferably understood to be spatially extending planes that run essentially parallel to one another.

[0021] The third contact element can be arranged such that it is moved in a radial direction via the switching shaft with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the switching shaft.

[0022] The term “radial” refers to a direction normal to the central longitudinal axis of the switching shaft.

[0023] Particularly preferably, the switching shaft is designed as a camshaft or as a crankshaft.

[0024] The switching arrangement preferably has a cooling unit, wherein the cooling unit is thermally connected to the first electrical connection area and / or to the second electrical connection area of ​​the switching arrangement.

[0025] Furthermore, the switching arrangement preferably comprises a housing in which the first electrical connection area, the second electrical connection area, and the actuator unit are partially arranged. The switching shaft of the actuator unit can be arranged partially or fully integrated in the housing.

[0026] The third contact element is preferably arranged on the housing, namely on an inner wall of the housing, via the elastic element.

[0027] The power distribution unit according to the invention for a motor vehicle, in particular a hybrid or electric vehicle, comprises an electromechanical switching arrangement according to the present invention.

[0028] Depending on the actuated switching position of the third electrical contact element, at least two switching states can be switched via the power distribution unit. Brief description of the drawings

[0029] The invention is described below by way of example with reference to the drawings.

[0030] Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of an electromechanical switching arrangement without a housing.

[0031] Fig. 2 shows a sectional view along the section plane AA according to Fig. 1 with a housing, wherein a third contact element is in a second switching position (open position).

[0032] Fig. 3 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of an electromechanical switching arrangement with a housing in a first switching position (closed position).

[0033] Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a third embodiment of an electromechanical switching arrangement with a housing in a first switching position (closed position).

[0034] Fig. 5 shows a schematic plan view of a fourth embodiment of an electromechanical switching arrangement without a housing. Fig. 6 shows a sectional view along the section plane AA according to Fig. 5 with a housing, wherein a third contact element is in a second switching position (open position).

[0035] Fig. 7 shows a sectional view of a fifth embodiment of an electromechanical switching arrangement with a housing, wherein the electromechanical switching arrangement is designed in multiple layers.

[0036] Fig. 8 shows a schematic representation of different

[0037] Switching states of a power distribution unit.

[0038] Fig. 9 shows schematically a first embodiment of a

[0039] Power distribution unit with an electromechanical switching arrangement.

[0040] Fig. 10 shows schematically a second embodiment of a

[0041] Power distribution unit with an electromechanical switching arrangement.

[0042] Detailed description of the invention

[0043] In general, the functional principle according to the invention can be represented in a wide variety of variants. In the present case, an electromechanical switching arrangement 1 according to the invention is described in more detail using a substantially planar system - in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, several exemplary "planar" embodiments of an electromechanical

[0044] Switching arrangement 1 according to the present invention is shown.

[0045] A “wound”, i.e. essentially cylindrical, embodiment of the electromechanical switching arrangement 1 according to the invention is also conceivable, for example.

[0046] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a first embodiment of the electromechanical switching arrangement 1.

[0047] The electromechanical switching arrangement 1 has a first electrical connection area 2 and a second electrical connection area 3.

[0048] The first electrical connection area 2 and the second electrical connection area 3 are arranged next to each other on a cooling unit 13 in a first assembly plane X.

[0049] The first electrical connection area 2 has a plurality of fixed first electrical contact elements 4a-4g, namely seven first electrical contact elements 4a-4g.

[0050] The second electrical connection area 3 has a plurality of fixed second electrical contact elements 5a-5g, namely seven second electrical contact elements 5a-5g.

[0051] A respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g of the first electrical connection area 2 can be connected to and separated from a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the second connection area 3 via a respective third contact element 6a-6g. For this purpose, the respective third contact element 6a-6g can be controlled via an actuator unit 8 into two switching positions A, B, namely a first switching position A and a second switching position B.

[0052] In the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the first switching position A corresponds to a switching position in which a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically connected to a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g via a respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g.

[0053] In the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the second switching position B corresponds to a switching position in which a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically separated from the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g.

[0054] The actuator unit 8 comprises an actuator 9, which is designed as an electric motor 9a, and a switching shaft 10 with a plurality of switching elements 11, namely seven switching elements 11. The switching shaft 10 is designed as a camshaft 10a and the individual switching elements 11 of the switching shaft 10 are formed by cams fixed to the camshaft 10a.

[0055] Each switching element 11 of the switching shaft 10 is functionally assigned to a third electrical contact element 6a-6g.

[0056] The switching shaft 10 is arranged in a region between the first electrical connection region 2 and the second electrical connection region 3, also in the first construction plane X, and extends axially between the two electrical connection regions 2, 3. The direction indication “axial” is to be understood as a direction along or parallel to the central longitudinal axis 12 of the switching shaft 10.

[0057] The first electrical connection area 2 and the second electrical connection area 3 are partially arranged in a housing 14, in such a way that the first electrical contact elements 4a-4g and the second electrical contact elements 5a-5g are arranged within the housing 14 and connection points 20 of the respective electrical connection area 2, 3 are formed outside the housing 14.

[0058] Respective connection points 20 are electrically connected to at least one respective first or second electrical contact element 4a-4g, 5a-5g of the respective connection region 2, 2', 3, 3'.

[0059] The switching shaft 10 is essentially mounted in the housing 14 and is designed to be rotatably driven by the electric motor 9a arranged outside the housing 14.

[0060] The third electrical contact elements 6a-6g are arranged via two elastic elements 7, namely compression springs 7a in the present case, in a second construction plane Y on an inner wall 15 of the housing 14, in such a way that a third electrical contact element 6a-6g is arranged essentially parallel to the two electrical connection areas 2, 3 with their respective electrical contact elements 4a-4g, 5a-5g.

[0061] The second construction plane Y corresponds to a spatial plane parallel to the first construction plane X.

[0062] The third electrical contact elements 6a-6g and the camshaft 10a are arranged such that each cam of the camshaft 10a can control a third electrical contact element 6a-6g into the two switching positions A, B.

[0063] In the first switching position A, a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically connected to a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g via a respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g. This is achieved in the first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 by prestressing the respective third contact element 6a-6g radially in the direction of the respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g and the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g assigned to it via the springs 7a, i.e., prestressing it into a closed position.

[0064] In the second switching position B, a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically separated from the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g in that the associated respective third contact element 6a-6g is moved radially via the cam of the camshaft 10a assigned to it against the spring force of the springs 7a in the direction of the inner wall 15 of the housing 14, thus bringing about an open position.

[0065] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 each show an alternative embodiment of the electromechanical switching arrangement 1 to the first embodiment variant according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

[0066] The second embodiment variant according to Fig. 3 is essentially constructed in the same way as the first embodiment variant according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Consequently, only the distinguishing features are explained in more detail below.

[0067] In the illustrated second embodiment of the electromechanical switching arrangement 1 according to Fig. 3, the switching shaft 10 is arranged in a third assembly plane Z, wherein the switching shaft 10 also extends axially. The third assembly plane Z corresponds to a spatial plane parallel to the first assembly plane X and the second assembly plane Y, wherein the second assembly plane Y extends between the first assembly plane X and the third assembly plane Z.

[0068] The third electrical contact elements 6a-6g are arranged via two elastic elements 7, namely compression springs 7a in the present case, in the second construction plane Y on the first connection area 2 and the second connection area, in such a way that a third electrical contact element 6a-6g is arranged essentially parallel to the two electrical connection areas 2, 3 with their respective electrical contact elements 4a-4g, 5a-5g.

[0069] The respective third contact element 6a-6g can be controlled via the actuator unit 8 into two switching positions A, B, namely into a first switching position A and into a second switching position B.

[0070] In the second embodiment according to Fig. 3, the first switching position A corresponds to a switching position in which a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically connected to a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g via a respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g. This is achieved in the second embodiment shown in Fig. 3 in that the associated third contact element 6a-6g is moved or pressed radially via the cam of the camshaft 10a assigned to it against the spring force of the springs 7a in the direction of the respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g assigned to it and the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g assigned to it, i.e. is moved or pressed into a closed position. In the second embodiment according to Fig.3, the second switching position B corresponds to a switching position in which a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically separated from the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g. In the second switching position B, a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically separated from the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g by moving the associated respective third contact element 6a-6g radially via the spring force of the compression springs 7a toward the inner wall 15 of the housing 14, thus bringing about an open position.

[0071] The third embodiment variant according to Fig. 4 is essentially constructed in the same way as the second embodiment variant according to Fig. 3 with the difference that the first connection area 2 and the second connection area 3 are spatially stepped.

[0072] The fourth embodiment according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is essentially constructed in the same way as the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 - the two embodiments differ only in the design of the switching shaft 10.

[0073] In the fourth embodiment according to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the switching shaft 10 is designed as a crankshaft 10b and the individual switching elements 11 of the switching shaft 10 are formed by cranks fixed to the crankshaft 10b.

[0074] The third electrical contact elements 6a-6g and the crankshaft 10b are arranged such that each crank of the crankshaft 10b can control a third electrical contact element 6a-6g into the two switching positions A, B.

[0075] In the first switching position A, a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically connected to a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g via a respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g. This is achieved in the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 by prestressing the respective third contact element 6a-6g radially in the direction of the respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g and the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g assigned to it via the springs 7a, i.e., prestressing it into a closed position.

[0076] In the second switching position B, a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g is electrically separated from the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g in that the associated respective third contact element 6a-6g is moved radially via the crank of the crankshaft 10b assigned to it against the spring force of the springs 7a in the direction of the inner wall 15 of the housing 14, thus bringing about an open position.

[0077] Fig. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the electromechanical switching arrangement 1. The electromechanical switching arrangement has a multi-layer structure and has a first layer 21 in the first structure level X and a second layer 22 in the third structure level Z.

[0078] The first layer 21 is assigned a first electrical connection area 2 and a second electrical connection area 3.

[0079] The first electrical connection area 2 and the second electrical connection area 3 of the first layer 21 are arranged next to one another in the first construction level X on a cooling unit 13 and partly in a housing 14.

[0080] The second layer 22 is assigned a further first electrical connection area 2' and a further second electrical connection area 3'.

[0081] The first electrical connection region 2' and the second electrical connection region 3' of the second layer 22 are arranged next to one another on the housing 14 in the third construction plane Z.

[0082] The first construction level X and the third construction level Z are essentially parallel, spatially extending planes.

[0083] Both first electrical connection areas 2, 2' each have a plurality of fixed first electrical contact elements 4a-4g (not shown individually in Fig. 7 due to the sectional view).

[0084] Both second electrical connection areas 3, 3' each have a plurality of fixed second electrical contact elements 5a-5g (not shown individually in Fig. 7 due to the sectional view).

[0085] A respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g of the respective first electrical connection region 2, 2' can be connected to and separated from a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the respective second connection region 3, 3' via a respective third contact element 6a-6g (not shown individually in Fig. 7 due to the sectional view).

[0086] The respective third contact element 6a-6g is arranged in the second assembly plane Y, namely between the first assembly plane X and the third assembly plane Z.

[0087] For this purpose, the respective third contact element 6a-6g can be controlled via the actuator unit 8 into two switching positions A, B, namely into a first switching position A and into a second switching position B.

[0088] The actuator unit 8 comprises the actuator 9, which is designed as an electric motor 9a, and the switching shaft 10 with a plurality of switching elements 11, wherein the switching shaft 10 is designed as a camshaft 10a and the individual switching elements 11 of the switching shaft 10 are formed by cams fixed to the camshaft 10a.

[0089] Each switching element 11 of the switching shaft 10 is functionally assigned to a third electrical contact element 6a-6g.

[0090] The switching shaft 10 is arranged in a region between the first electrical connection region 2 and the second electrical connection region 3, also in the first construction plane X, and extends axially between the two electrical connection regions 2, 3.

[0091] The first electrical connection area 2 and the second electrical connection area 3 are partially arranged in a housing 14, in such a way that the first electrical contact elements 4a-4g and the second electrical contact elements 5a-5g are arranged within the housing 14 and connection points 20 of the respective electrical connection area 2, 3 are formed outside the housing 14.

[0092] In the case of the multi-layer structure of the electromotive switching arrangement 1 according to Fig. 7, the respective further connection areas 2', 3' also have electrical connection points 20'.

[0093] Respective connection points 20, 20' are electrically connected to at least one respective first or second electrical contact element 4a-4g, 5a-5g of the respective connection region 2, 2', 3, 3'.

[0094] The switching shaft 10 is essentially mounted in the housing 14 and is further designed to be rotatably driven by the electric motor 9a arranged outside the housing 14. The third electrical contact elements 6a-6g are arranged in a second structural plane Y on an inner wall 15 of the housing 14 via two elastic elements 7, namely compression springs 7a in the present case, in such a way that a third electrical contact element 6a-6g is arranged essentially parallel to the electrical connection areas 2, 2', 3, 3' with their respective electrical contact elements 4a-4g, 5a-5g.

[0095] With reference to the embodiment according to Fig. 7, the first switching position A corresponds to a switching position in which a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g of the first connection region 2 of the first layer 21 is electrically connected via a respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g to a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the second connection region 3 of the first layer 21. This is achieved in the fifth embodiment variant shown in Fig. 7 in that the respective third contact element 6a-6g is prestressed radially in the direction of the respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g assigned to it and the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the first layer 21 assigned to it via the compression springs 7a, i.e. is prestressed into a closed position.

[0096] With respect to the embodiment according to Fig. 7, the second switching position B corresponds to a switching position in which a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g of the first connection region 2' of the second layer 22 is electrically connected to a respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the second connection region 3' of the second layer 22 via a respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g.

[0097] In the second switching position B, a respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g of the first electrical connection area 2 of the first layer 21 is thus electrically separated from the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the second electrical connection area 3 of the first layer 21 by the associated third contact element 6a-6g being moved radially via the cam of the camshaft 10a assigned to it against the spring force of the compression springs 7a in the direction of the inner wall 15 of the housing 14 and thus an electrical connection is established via the respective third contact element 6a-6g between the respective first electrical contact element 4a-4g of the further first electrical connection area 2' of the second layer 22 and the respective second electrical contact element 5a-5g of the further second electrical connection area 3' of the second layer 22.

[0098] The electromechanical switching arrangement 1 shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 is part of a power distribution unit 16 of an electric vehicle with an 800V (secondary) battery 17 as energy storage device (Fig. 9, Fig. 10).

[0099] Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 schematically illustrate two embodiments of a power distribution unit 16 for a motor vehicle. In addition to the electromechanical switching arrangement 1, the two power distribution units 16 also include current sensors 18 and fuses 19, which can be installed in different configurations.

[0100] In the present embodiment, a first electrical connection area 2 is electrically connected to the energy storage device, namely the 800V (secondary) battery 17, via its associated connection points 20. A second electrical connection area 3 is electrically connected to several consumers of the motor vehicle via its associated connection points 20.

[0101] Depending on the actuated switching position A, B of the individual third contact elements 6a-6g, at least four switching states C, D, E, F can be switched via the electromechanical switching arrangement 1 based on the different design variants (Fig. 8): • Switching state C: AC / DC charging with 400V, ie charging of the 800V (secondary) battery 17 at a 400V DC charging station.

[0102] • Switching state D: Neutral / Safe State, which corresponds to an “off” state in which there is no energy flow between the first connection area 2 and the second connection area 3.

[0103] • Switching state E: Driving (800V), which corresponds to a “normal” driving state of the

[0104] vehicle. The 800V (secondary) battery 17 is connected to an 800V drive unit.

[0105] • Switching state F: DC charging with 800V, ie charging the 800V (secondary)

[0106] Battery 17 on an 800V DC charging station.

[0107] The abbreviation "AC" stands for "alternating current." The abbreviation "DC" stands for "direct current." The abbreviation "V" stands for the SI unit "volt."

[0108] Based on the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 8 shows by way of example the switching position A, B in which the respective third electrical contact element 6a-6g must be in order to realize a respective switching state C, D, E, F. "A / B" is to be understood as meaning that it does not matter in which of the two switching positions A, B the respective third contact element 6a-6g is located. List of reference symbols

[0109] I Electromechanical switching arrangement

[0110] 2, 2' First electrical connection area

[0111] 3, 3' Second electrical connection area

[0112] 4a-4g First electrical contact element

[0113] 5a-5g Second electrical contact element

[0114] 6a-6g Third electrical contact element

[0115] 7 Elastic element

[0116] 7a spring

[0117] 8 Actuator unit

[0118] 9 Actuator

[0119] 9a Electric motor

[0120] 10 Shift shaft

[0121] 10a Camshaft

[0122] 10b Crankshaft

[0123] II Switching element

[0124] 12 Central longitudinal axis

[0125] 13 Cooling unit

[0126] 14 housings

[0127] 15 Inner wall (of the housing)

[0128] 16 Power distribution unit

[0129] 17 800V (secondary) battery

[0130] 18 Current sensor

[0131] 19 Security

[0132] 20, 20' junction

[0133] 21 First layer

[0134] 22 Second layer A First switching position (of the third contact element)

[0135] B Second switching position (of the third contact element)

[0136] C First switching state of the power distribution unit

[0137] D Second switching state of the power distribution unit

[0138] E Third switching state of the power distribution unit F Fourth switching state of the power distribution unit

[0139] X First construction level

[0140] Y Second superstructure level

[0141] Z Third construction level

Claims

Patent claims 1. An electromechanical switching arrangement (1) having at least two electrical connection areas, namely at least one first electrical connection area (2, 2') and at least one second electrical connection area (3, 3'), wherein the first electrical connection area (2, 2') has at least one fixed first electrical contact element (4a-4g) and the second electrical connection area (3, 3') has at least one fixed second electrical contact element (5a-5g), wherein the first electrical contact element (4a-4g) and the second electrical contact element (5a-5g) are electrically connectable and separable via at least one movable third electrical contact element (6a-6g), wherein the third electrical contact element (6a-6g) is prestressed into a switching position (A, B) via at least one elastic element (7) and can be actuated into the at least one other switching position (A, B) via an actuator unit (8),wherein the actuator unit (8) has at least one actuator (9) and at least one switching shaft (10) which is movable via the actuator and, depending on the actuated switching position (A, B), leaves the third electrical contact element (6a-6g) in the prestressed switching position (A, B) or moves it into the at least one other switching position (A, B) against the spring force of the elastic element (7).

2. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first electrical connection area (2, 2') has a plurality of fixed first electrical contact elements (4a-4g) and the second electrical connection area (3, 3') has a plurality of fixed second electrical contact elements (5a-5g), wherein in each case a first electrical contact element (4a-4g) can be electrically connected to or separated from a second electrical contact element (5a-5g) via a third electrical contact element (6a-6g).

3. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the switching shaft (10) is designed such that, depending on the actuated switching position (A, B), several electrical connections can be established simultaneously between the first electrical connection area (2, 2') and the second electrical connection area (3, 3') via the third electrical contact elements (6a-6g).

4. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the switching shaft (10) has a plurality of switching elements (11) which produce a switching pattern which, depending on the actuated switching position (A, B), allows a plurality of electrical connections to be established simultaneously between the first electrical connection area (2, 2') and the second electrical connection area (3, 3') via the third electrical contact elements (6a-6g).

5. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the switching arrangement (1) is designed in several layers and has at least a first layer (21) in a construction plane (X) and a second layer (22) in a further construction plane (Y, Z), wherein the first layer (21) is assigned a first electrical connection region (2) and a second electrical connection region (3) and wherein the second layer is assigned a further first electrical connection region (2') and a further second electrical connection region (3').

6. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third electrical contact element (6a-6g) is arranged such that it is moved in a radial direction via the switching shaft (10) with respect to a central longitudinal axis (12) of the switching shaft (10).

7. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching shaft (10) is designed as a camshaft (10a) or as a crankshaft (10b).

8. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the switching arrangement (1) has a cooling unit (13), wherein the cooling unit (13) is thermally connected to the first electrical connection area (2, 2') and / or to the second electrical connection area (3, 3') of the switching arrangement (1).

9. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the switching arrangement (1) has a housing (14) in which the first electrical connection area (2, 2'), the second electrical connection area (3, 3') and the actuator unit (8) are partially arranged.

10. Electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the third electrical contact element (6a-6b) is arranged on the housing (14) via the elastic element (7).

11. Power distribution unit (16) for a motor vehicle, in particular a hybrid or electric vehicle, comprising an electromechanical switching arrangement (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10.

12. Power distribution unit (16) according to claim 11, characterized in that depending on the actuated switching position (A, B) of the at least one third contact element (6a-6g), at least two switching states (C, D, E, F) can be switched.

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