Cementitious composition based on the use of waste from wind turbines

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cementitious material composition characterised in that it partially replaces cement with waste from wind turbines (WWT). The invention also relates to a mortar and a lightweight concrete that comprise said cementitious composition, which can be used as a structural, supporting and soil stabilising element.

Description

[0001] CEMENTARY COMPOSITION FROM THE USE OF WASTE FROM WIND TURBINES

[0002] The present invention relates to a cementitious material composition characterized in that it replaces part of the cement with wind turbine waste (WTG). The invention also relates to a mortar and a lightweight concrete comprising said cementitious composition, which can be used as a structural, load-bearing, and soil-stabilizing element.

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] In recent years, the wind energy sector has maintained an upward trend in terms of the installation of new capacity and its share of the generation mix. Looking ahead, wind energy could become the leading technology in the energy mix, both in terms of installed capacity and demand coverage.

[0005] At the same time, the first generation of wind turbines is reaching the end of their operational life. In the coming years, many wind farms will have to choose between extending the useful life of their assets or repowering them to replace older wind turbines with more modern ones. Furthermore, the end of a wind farm's useful life is not the only reason for decommissioning. Other motivations, such as regulatory and policy changes, and tariff changes, can lead to this solution, which may increase the number of wind turbines with the potential to be decommissioned.

[0006] Currently, up to 83% of the materials in a wind turbine (steel, fiberglass, concrete, copper, and aluminum) can be recycled or reused. One of the currently used waste management techniques is grinding the blades so that the composite material can be used as a raw material in cement manufacturing.

[0007] Currently, the addition of materials that can be added to concrete is regulated by Article 32 of Royal Decree 470 / 2021, of June 29, which approves the Structural Code (Instruction EHE-11). It "understands as additions those inorganic, pozzolanic or latent hydraulic materials that, finely divided, can be added to concrete in order to improve some of its properties or give it special characteristics. This Code only includes the use of fly ash and silica fume as additions to concrete at the time of its manufacture."

[0008] The state of the art includes documents describing the use of wind turbine blade waste (as a source of fiberglass-reinforced polymers) as cement substitutes in cementitious mixtures.

[0009] Thus, document WO2021145857A1 discloses a method for recycling wind turbine and wind turbine blades for mixing them into geopolymer concrete. The document includes a method for pretreating wind turbine waste for subsequent mixing with materials to form geopolymer concrete.

[0010] Document CN1 14292078A discloses a concrete whose composition includes various materials, including recycled wind turbine waste. Specifically, this document describes the following components: Portland cement, lime, gypsum, aluminum powder, scrap metal, fly ash, and recycled wind turbine blade material, with a substitution rate of up to 30%. Wind turbine waste requires pretreatment.

[0011] Document CN108373302A describes a cementitious composition consisting of Portland cement, quartz sand, mineral mixture, wind turbine blade waste and redispersible powder with a substitution percentage of 7 to 37%.

[0012] Other documents propose feasibility studies of concretes and mortars that use crushed wind turbine waste as a source of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) (see, for example, Baturkin, D. et al.; “Valorization of recycled FRP materials from wind turbine blades in concrete” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2021, 174, 105807; and Silas Oliveira, P. et al.; “Use of waste collected from wind turbine blade production as an eco-friendly ingredient in mortars for civil construction” Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 274, 122948).

[0013] Therefore, it would be desirable to have an improved cementitious composition compared to those described to date that would allow a fraction of cement to be replaced by wind turbine waste, and that would allow the wind turbine waste to be used without the need for prior treatment. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0014] The present invention describes the use of waste from different industries, particularly with particle sizes less than 2 mm, particularly the manufacturing of wind turbine blades, including rejected material, for the development of a cementitious composition.

[0015] Thus, thanks to the present invention, wind turbine waste is used in porcelain adhesive cements. Furthermore, thanks to the present invention, a new dosage called MIX has been discovered, a mixture of oxy-combustion ash, wind turbine waste, and polymer waste, adding in some samples husk residue and cellulose residue, which has not been applied until now in Portland cements (PC), white cement (BC), and porcelain adhesive cement (PC).

[0016] In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising a fraction of cement and waste from wind turbines (RAG) without any prior treatment, where the RAG include fiberglass, cellulose and polymeric resins, have a particle size of less than 2 mm and are present in a proportion of between 2.5% and 20% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

[0017] The invention's feature of not pre-treating wind turbine waste (WWW) allows for the recovery of a difficult-to-manage waste, its valorization, and its introduction into cement and concrete manufacturing processes, reducing costs and the carbon footprint.

[0018] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, where the cement is Portland cement, white and / or tile adhesive, and preferably porcelain tile adhesive.

[0019] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, which further comprises oxy-combustion ash (OXI) and polystyrene waste (PS) in a proportion of between 2.5% and 15% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, which further comprises cellulose (CELU) in a proportion of between 2.5% and 10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition, and / or grape skin (HOLL) in a proportion of between 2.5% and 20% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

[0020] In another embodiment the invention relates to the composition defined above, where:

[0021] RAG is in an amount between 2.5 and 20%;

[0022] OXI is in an amount between 2.5 and 15%; and

[0023] PS is present in amounts ranging from 2.5 to 10%. The percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0024] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, comprising: adhesive cement, preferably porcelain adhesive cement;

[0025] RAG in an amount between 2.5 and 20%;

[0026] OXI in an amount between 2.5 and 15%; and

[0027] PS in an amount between 2.5 and 10%. The percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0028] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, comprising: tile adhesive, preferably porcelain tile adhesive; and 10% or 20% RAG, where the percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0029] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above comprising: white cement; 5% OXI; 2.5% RAG; and

[0030] 2.5% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0031] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, comprising: tile adhesive, preferably porcelain tile adhesive; 5% OXI; 2.5% RAG; and

[0032] 2.5% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0033] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, comprising: white cement; 5% OXI; 5% RAG; 5% PS;

[0034] 2.5% of HOLL; and

[0035] 2.5% of CELU, where the percentages are expressed in weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

[0036] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, comprising: tile adhesive, preferably porcelain tile adhesive; 5% OXI; 5% RAG; 5% PS;

[0037] 2.5% of HOLL; and

[0038] 2.5% of CELU, where the percentages are expressed in weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

[0039] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above comprising: white cement; 6.67% OXI; 6.67% RAG; and

[0040] 6.67% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0041] In another embodiment, the invention relates to the composition defined above, comprising: tile adhesive, preferably porcelain tile adhesive; 6.67% OXI; 6.67% RAG; and

[0042] 6.67% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0043] Another aspect of the invention relates to the previously selected defined composition comprising: Portland cement, preferably Portland cement type II, OEM II or modified cement for general uses; 5% OXI; 2.5% RAG; and

[0044] 2.5% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0045] Another aspect of the invention relates to the previously selected defined composition comprising: Portland cement, preferably Portland cement type II, OEM II or modified cement for general purposes; 5% OXI; 5% RAG; 5% PS;

[0046] 2.5% of HOLL; and

[0047] 2.5% of CELU, where the percentages are expressed in weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

[0048] Another aspect of the invention relates to the previously defined composition selected from the group comprising: Portland cement, preferably Portland cement type II, CEM II or modified cement for general uses; 6.67% OXI; 6.67% RAG; and

[0049] 6.67% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0050] Another aspect of the invention relates to a mortar, mortar being defined as the mixture of the cement fraction with standard sand according to DIN EN 196-1 and water, comprising all the compositions defined above, considering the percentages of residue with respect to the weight of the cement fraction of the composition.

[0051] Another aspect of the invention relates to lightweight concrete, defined as a construction material made from cement, sand and gravel or stones, comprising all the compositions defined above, considering the percentages of residue with respect to the weight of the cement fraction of the composition.

[0052] It is noteworthy that the compositions defined above with Portland cement, particularly the compositions referred to throughout the invention as MIX 10 and 20, manage to absorb less water than those of the Portland cement type II and white cement typology, being an advantage, since they save water volume per manufactured sample, specifically between 15 and 20% water volume savings. It is also noteworthy that said dosages in the cementitious mixtures and mortars based on porcelain tile adhesive, achieve greater savings in water volume in the mixture, achieving up to a maximum of 36% water savings in the porcelain tile adhesive + MIX 10 mixture (5% oxy-combustion ash + 2.5% wind turbine waste + 2.5% polymer waste). Throughout the description, the term "wind turbine waste (WTR)" referred to in the invention includes fiberglass, cellulose and epoxy resin.

[0053] The term “oxy-combustion ash (OXI)” refers to ash that comes from thermal combustion processes, for example, from boilers.

[0054] The term “MIX” refers to the mixture in MIX 10 of wind turbine residue, polymer residue and oxy-combustion ash, and MIX 20 of wind turbine residue, polymer residue and oxy-combustion ash, with the addition of grape skin residue and cellulose residue.

[0055] The advantages of the composition of the invention include, among others, its flexural strengths very similar to those of the original cement, in the case of the RAG-20 mixture (20% wind turbine waste). This would allow the waste to be used as a secondary raw material and used in masonry work where high strength is not required.

[0056] Furthermore, this wind turbine blade waste can be mixed with other waste to form the new MIX class (combination of wind turbine waste, polymers, and oxy-combustion ash). This new composition, called MIX, would be applied to the dosage of the three types of cement (Portland, White, and Porcelain Adhesive), since flexural and compressive strengths have been obtained, according to the mechanical strength test of cements according to standard UNE-EN-196-1, higher than those of the control samples.The percentages of each waste in the MIX10 dosage are 5% oxy-combustion ash + 2.5% wind turbine waste + 2.5% polymer waste, and in the MIX 20 dosage from an initial composition of 5% oxy-combustion ash + 5% wind turbine waste + 5% polymer waste + 2.5% grape skin waste + 2.5% cellulose waste, to an ideal final composition of 6.67% oxy-combustion ash + 6.67% wind turbine waste + 6.67% polymer waste. With this new MIX class, 3 existing types of waste, which are difficult to manage, are used and valued as recycled and recyclable materials, to be included again as secondary raw materials in the dosages of the three types of cements mentioned above.

[0057] Throughout the description and claims, the word "comprise" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical features, additives, components, or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages, and features of the invention will be apparent in part from the description and in part from the practice of the invention. The following examples and figures are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0058] EXAMPLES

[0059] The invention will then be illustrated by tests carried out by the inventors, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the product of the invention.

[0060] Procedure for obtaining cylindrical test specimens of Portland cement, white cement and porcelain tile adhesive, with the sample composition based on the replacement of the cement fraction by the percentage of the aforementioned waste.

[0061] In the case of grape skin and potato peel waste, the natural moisture is initially removed from the material, introducing it into a Memmert model 100 dryer (maximum temperature of 350 e C) to a 72 e C.

[0062] In the case of the polymer, it is previously dissolved in an acetone base and the resulting residue is dried in a Memmert model 100 dryer (maximum temperature of 350 e C) to a 72 e C.

[0063] In the case of RAG wind turbine waste, it is received in a big-bag from the waste management company, containing a heterogeneous mixture of fiberglass and balsa wood scraps. Any debris larger than 2 cm is removed beforehand using manual methods, including visual location and manual separation.

[0064] The clean waste material from the RAG wind turbine, grape skins, potato peels, and polymer are then ground separately. Each waste material is ground using a coffee blade grinder.

[0065] Once the material is ground, it is sieved, selecting a powder with a particle size equal to that retained on the 250 pm sieve. It is stored in containers, separated by reject material, for subsequent dosing and mixing. In the case of biomass ash and oxy-combustion ash, since they are highly volatile and pass through the 63 pm sieve, they are stored separately in containers for subsequent dosing. In the particular case of oxy-combustion ash, due to the heterogeneity of samples from different parts of the Circulating Fluidized Bed boiler, such as bag filters, extraction cyclones, the boiler bottom, etc., it was decided to mix them, creating a homogeneous all-in-one reject material.

[0066] Subsequently, X-ray diffractions (XRD) are performed on small samples of each of the rejected materials separately, obtaining the chemical substances of each waste and the comparative analysis with the rest of the materials.

[0067] The composition in terms of equivalent oxides of the powder with respect to the total powder obtained is analyzed as follows:

[0068] The procedure for preparing a series of cylindrical pieces is described below, depending on the particle size of the rejected material, selecting the composition formed by the waste and the binder, the replacement of the cement fraction by the percentage of waste, with the contribution of water, trying to maintain a water / cement ratio of 0.45.

[0069] The waste in the form of powder with a size of 250 pm obtained after sieving and subsequent classification / selection is mixed with the cement.

[0070] Depending on the desired strength, the mixtures can have a cement / waste ratio of between 90 / 10 and 80 / 20. The mixture of waste and cement types is carried out in percentages of between 10% and 20% cement substitution, as shown in the following Table 1:

[0071] Table 1 - Percentages of residue in cement dosages

[0072] | % dosage of residue by weight of the cement fraction |

[0073] The pieces were formed by molding with water, with the ratio between the composition of waste and each type of cement and water being between 60% and 29%, respectively.

[0074] The dosages of each of the cements: Portland, White and Porcelain Adhesive, replacement of the cement fraction with waste: polymer waste, grape skins, potato peels, cellulose, biomass ash, wind turbine blade waste, oxy-combustion ash and MIX (oxy-combustion + polymer + RAG and grape skins + cellulose).

[0075] Once the mixture has been molded, three cylindrical test tubes, each 4 cm high and 2 cm in diameter, are filled in two batches. Each mold is filled halfway and compacted with a 2 mm steel rod, with 50 blows. The mold is then filled completely and the same process is repeated. The composition of each sample is shown in Table 2.

[0076] Table 2 - List of compositions of each of the cylindrical test pieces The test specimens are cured by covering them to prevent rapid evaporation of water during setting and leaving them in the humid chamber for 7 days until they are broken.

[0077] The pieces obtained have densities between 1.371 and 1.8 gr / cm 3 , for the test tubes containing polymer residues, grape skins, potato peels, cellulose, and biomass ash, respectively; and between 1.8651 and 2.030 g / cm 3 , for wind turbine waste, oxy-fuel ash, and MIX (oxy-fuel ash + polymer + RAG and grape skins + cellulose). The latter are the most resistant.

[0078] The pieces obtained with densities between 1.8 and 2.1 gr / cm 3 :

[0079] - They are ideal for use in the manufacture of structural and special concretes, as they have good mechanical properties.

[0080] - Parts subjected to high compressive stresses.

[0081] The pieces obtained with densities between 1.3 and 1.8 gr / cm 3 :

[0082] - Soil-cement stabilization on roads.

[0083] - Combustion briquettes.

[0084] - Ornamentation in pots.

[0085] Table 3 shows the dimensions of the cylindrical test pieces and their corresponding densities after the curing phase, for each dosage.

[0086] Table 3 - Densities of cylindrical specimens

[0087] After 7 days, one of the three test specimens in each batch is broken using an axial compression test, and its values ​​are recorded. The process is repeated with the remaining two test specimens from each batch after 28 days.

[0088] Table 4 shows the results of the simple compressive strengths at 7 days and Table 5 shows the results of the simple compressive strengths at 28 days. Table 4 - Tensile strength of cylindrical specimens with dosages studied at 7 days a The fracture is left for 28 days due to the low initial strength. b It was discarded due to the low strength obtained in white cement.

[0089] Table 5 - Tensile strength of cylindrical specimens with dosages studied at 28 days a The fracture is left for 28 days due to the low initial strength. b It was discarded due to the low strength obtained in white cement.

[0090] The process for obtaining the composition of the invention is carried out through the following steps:

[0091] 1) remove unwanted debris from the waste, sizes less than 2cm,

[0092] 2) grind and sieve the material obtained in phase (1),

[0093] 3) select a powder with a particle size less than 250 pm from the powder obtained in phase (2),

[0094] 4) replace the cement fraction of the current matrix with the mixture obtained in phase (3), for the manufacture of cylindrical test pieces of 2 cm diameter and 4 cm height, by molding with water with a water / cement ratio of 45% and replacing the cement fraction with the residue, in proportions between 0 and 20%, with respect to the weight of the cement,

[0095] 5) Curing of the test pieces of phase (4) between 7, 28 and 90 days.

[0096] 6) Simple compression fracture of the test pieces obtained in phase (4), to obtain the best results and scale them to mortars.

[0097] 7) Manufacturing and curing of mortar test pieces (40x40x160 mm water, cement and standardized aggregate UNE-EN 196-1) in size, with the best results obtained in phase (6).

[0098] 8) Determination of mechanical resistance (bending and compression) according to UNE-EN 196-1 standard, with the test pieces from phase (7), to obtain the best results.

[0099] 9) Scaling, manufacturing and curing of 160x160 mm cubic test pieces, with the best results of phase (8).

[0100] 10) Fracture by uniaxial test of the specimens obtained in phase (9).

[0101] Phase (2) of the process refers to the grinding and sieving of the material obtained in step (1).

[0102] Once the material obtained in phase (1) has been ground using a blade mill, it is sieved using sieves of different sizes. In the present invention, a 3-sieve UNE-EN 933-2:1996 sieve series standardized for a specific particle size, for a particle size less than 250 pm, has been used. Therefore, phase (3) refers to the selection of a powder with a particle size less than 250 pm from the powder obtained in phase (2) of the process. The UNE-EN 933-2:1996 standard sieve series used results in the following range of particle size fractions:

[0103] • between 5:00 pm and 2:50 pm,

[0104] • between 2:50 pm and 1:25 pm, and

[0105] • less than 125 pm.

[0106] The fundamental advantage of the process of the invention is to make comprehensive use of the fraction less than 2 cm of rejected material or waste that normally ends up in a landfill or a waste management plant, on the one hand by using the larger, cleaner material that can be used to stabilize soil and flowerpots, and on the other hand by using the finer fraction (<250 pm) to manufacture new construction materials with resistance better than or equal to the control test specimens previously manufactured. Three cylindrical test specimens of 4 cm height and 2 m in diameter are manufactured by the water molding method, with a water / cement ratio of 45% of the cement weight. First, the control test specimens are manufactured with 100% Portland cement, white cement and porcelain tile adhesive, respectively.These test specimens will serve as a reference to compare the obtained strengths with the test specimens with replacement of the cement fraction of the matrix by waste. Subsequently, three cylindrical test specimens are manufactured by replacing the commentary fraction with waste (polymer waste, grape skins, potato peels, cellulose, biomass ash, wind turbine blade waste, oxy-combustion ash and MIX (oxy-combustion + polymer + RAG and grape skins + cellulose), in proportions between 0 and 20%, with respect to the weight of the cement (4).

[0107] These test tubes manufactured in phase (4) are covered with plastic, the setting process is allowed to occur for the next 72 hours after their manufacture, they are removed from the mold and left in the test tube curing humidity chamber at 20 e C and with a relative humidity of 90%, allowing them to cure at 7, 28 and 90 days (5).

[0108] Once the curing process has been carried out at 7, 28 and 90 days (5), the cylindrical test pieces are removed from the humidity chamber, and their height and diameter are measured with the caliper to see the shrinkage that each test piece suffers due to the evaporation of water during setting and subsequent curing. They are then weighed and their density in gr / cm³ is calculated. 3

[0109] After finding the densities of each test piece, each of the cylindrical test pieces of phase (5) are broken by simple compression breaking (6) with an electromechanical traction-compression machine, CODEIN brand, model MCO-30

[0110] The results obtained during phase (6), in the characterization of the pieces, result in the following compositions that will be used for the mechanical resistance test UNE EN 196-1, which are: OXI 10, OXI 15, RAG 10, RAG 20, BIO 10, PS 10, MIX 10, MIX 20, and their control samples according to the type of cement.

[0111] Procedure for obtaining standardized test specimens for the mechanical strength determination test of UNE 196-01 Portland cement, white cement and porcelain tile adhesive cement with sample composition.

[0112] Before manufacturing the concrete specimens, the cement test method is carried out to determine the mechanical strengths (bending and compression) UNE EN 196-1 (8), with the dosages of the cylindrical specimens that gave us strengths above their control specimen. The specimens with dimensions 40 mm x 40 mm x 160 mm (7), are manufactured with a plastic mortar, composed of one part by mass of cement, three parts by mass of CEN 196-1 standard sand, and half a part of water (water / cement ratio of 0.50).

[0113] For mortar preparation, the mass composition shall be 1 part cement, 3 parts CEN standard sand and 1 / 2 part water (water / cement ratio 0.50). Each batch for three test specimens shall be composed of (450 ± 2) g cement, (1,350 ± 5) g standard sand and (225 ± 1) g water.

[0114] The sample is compacted on a compacting table in two batches, with 60 blows per batch. The mold is removed from the compacting table, and using a metal ruler, the test specimens are leveled in the mold. They are then removed from the mold after 24 hours, and each test specimen is placed in the humid chamber or cabinet.

[0115] Age of specimens for mechanical strength tests. The age of the specimens is calculated from "time zero." Strength tests will be performed at different ages within the following limits:

[0116] 24 h ± 15 min.

[0117] 48 h ± 30 min.

[0118] 72 h ± 45 min.

[0119] 7 d ± 2 h;

[0120] 28 d ± 8 h.

[0121] For practical reasons, we decided to test all the test tubes for 28 days ± 8 h.

[0122] Table 6 shows the composition of prismatic test specimens with dimensions of 40x40x160 mm, manufactured by mechanical moulding using a compacting table, for the test to determine the mechanical strength of UNE 196-01 cements. Table 6 - Composition of prismatic test specimens for UNE 196-01 test. Flexural strength test for cements, UNE 196-01 standard for cements with sample composition. Flexural strength was measured using the three-point flexural test. This test is based on the application of a point force at the center of a specimen supported at its ends. The strength is determined by applying the force slowly until the specimen breaks.

[0123] The flexural test was performed using a CODEIN MCO-30 electromechanical tensile-compression machine. The load was applied vertically by means of load rollers on the opposite side of the prism and increased uniformly at a rate of (50 ± 10) N / s until failure. The prism halves were kept covered with a damp cloth until the compression test. The flexural strength, Rf, was calculated in megapascals using the following formula:

[0124] Where:

[0125] Rf is the flexural strength (in megapascals); b is the side of the square section of the prism (in millimeters);

[0126] Ff is the load applied to the middle of the prism at break (in newtons);

[0127] I is the distance between supports (in millimeters).

[0128] The flexural strength is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the three individual results, each expressed to the nearest 0.1 MPa, and obtained from the determination carried out on a set of three test specimens. The arithmetic mean is expressed to the nearest 0.1 MPa. If one of the remaining five results varies by more than ± 10% from its mean, all the results are discarded and the determination is repeated. The arithmetic mean is expressed to the nearest 0.1 MPa.

[0129] Table 7 summarizes the results obtained in the bending test, according to UNE 196-1 standard, of the test pieces formed with the compositions in Table 6.

[0130] Table 7 - Flexural strengths according to UNE 196-01 test

[0131] Test to determine the compressive strength of cements, UNE 196-01 standard for cements with sample composition.

[0132] The compressive strength was measured using the simple compression test. This test is based on the application of a force to the upper base of the specimen. The specimen must be fully supported on its lower base. The strength is determined by applying the force slowly until the specimen breaks. The compression test was performed using the tensile-compression machine used in the previous section. For the compression test, the previously broken semiprisms were tested in bending by loading their lateral faces. Each semiprism is centered laterally in relation to the machine's platens and longitudinally so that the base of the prism does not protrude from the platens or auxiliary plates. The load is increased uniformly at a rate of (2400 ± 200) N / s throughout the entire time the load is applied until failure.When the load increment is adjusted manually, care should be taken when adjusting the load decrement near the ultimate load, as this can significantly affect the result. The compressive strength Re (in megapascals) is calculated using the following formula: where:

[0133] Re is the compressive strength (in megapascals);

[0134] Fe is the ultimate breaking load (in newtons);

[0135] 1600 = 40 mm x 40 mm, is the surface of the auxiliary plates or plates (in mm2).

[0136] The compressive strength test result is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the six individual results, each expressed to the nearest 0.1 MPa, obtained from the six determinations performed on a set of three test specimens. If one of the results from the six determinations varies by more than ± 10% from the mean, that result is discarded and the arithmetic mean of the remaining five results is calculated. If one of the results from the remaining five results varies by more than ± 10% from its mean, all the results are discarded and the determination is repeated. The arithmetic mean is expressed to the nearest 0.1 MPa.

[0137] Table 8 summarizes the results obtained in the compression test, according to UNE 196-1 standard, of the test pieces formed with the compositions in Table 6.

[0138] Table 8 - Compressive strengths according to UNE 196-01 test

[0139] The results obtained during phase (8) result in the following compositions that will be used for testing the simple compressive strength of concrete, which are: CP-OXI-10, CP-OXI-15, CP-MIX-10, CP-MIX-20, CB-0X1-10, CB-0X1-15, CC-0X1-15 and CC-MIX-20.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A composition comprising cement and wind turbine waste (WTG) without any prior treatment, where the WTG waste includes fiberglass, cellulose and polymeric resins, has a particle size of less than 2 mm and is present in a proportion of between 2.5% and 20% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cement is Portland cement, white or adhesive cement.

3. The composition according to any of claims 1 or 2, further comprising oxy-combustion ash (OXI) and polystyrene waste (PS) in a proportion of between 2.5 and 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

4. The composition according to claim 3, wherein: RAG is in an amount between 2.5 and 20%; OXI is in an amount between 2.5 and 15%; and PS is in an amount between 2.5 and 10%.

5. The composition according to any of claims 3 or 4, comprising: adhesive cement; RAG in an amount between 2.5 and 20%; OXI in an amount between 2.5 and 15%; and PS in an amount between 2.5 and 10%.

6. The composition according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising cellulose (CELU) in a proportion of between 2.5 and 10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition, and / or grape skin (HOLL) in a proportion of between 2.5 and 20% by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

7. The composition according to claim 1 comprising: tile adhesive; and 10% RAG or 20% RAG, where the percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

8. The composition according to claim 3, comprising: white cement or tile adhesive; 5% OXI; 2.5% RAG; and 2.5% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

9. The composition according to claim 3, comprising: Portland cement; 5% OXI; 2.5% RAG; and 2.5% PS, where the percentages are expressed in weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

10. The composition according to claim 6, comprising: white cement or tile adhesive; 5% OXI; 5% RAG; 5% PS; 2.5% of HOLL; and 2.5% of CELU, where the percentages are expressed in weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

11. The composition according to claim 6, comprising: Portland cement; 5% OXI; 5% RAG; 5% PS; 2.5% of HOLL; and 2.5% of CELU, where the percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

12. The composition according to claim 3, comprising: white cement or tile adhesive; 6.67% OXI; 6.67% RAG; and 6.67% PS, where the percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

13. The composition according to claim 3, comprising: Portland cement; 6.67% OXI; 6.67% RAG; and 6.67% PS, where the percentages are expressed by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

14. The composition according to any of claims 1 to 3, further comprising potato residue (PAT) and grape skin residue (HOLL) in a proportion of between 2.5 and 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

15. Mortar comprising the composition according to any of claims 1 to 14, relative to the weight of the cement fraction.

16. Lightweight concrete comprising the mortar according to claim 14, relative to the weight of the cement fraction.

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