Digital soil mapping procedure for estimating golden bondage based on technical data collected by RTK navigation

Abstract

The aim of our project is to develop an economical soil binding mapping methodology that can support the use and rational planning of precision tillage technologies.

Description

[0001] Patent description

[0002] 1) Title of the invention:

[0003] Digital soil mapping procedure for estimating golden bondage based on technical data collected by RTK navigatipn

[0004] 2) Name of the technical area:

[0005] Natural science - agricultural science

[0006] 3) A description of the state of the art known to the applicant, including a description of solutions - and, if possible, sources - which are close to the invention and which will help to understand the invention and to assess its patentability:

[0007] Smart design of agrotechnological elements is a key element of precision farming. A key element of the basic database and the management zone systems derived from it is the knowledge of the soil, its physical, chemical and biological properties and its variability within the field. At present, real soil mapping by means of section mapping and the combined interpretation of natural geography, geology and geomorphology data represents only a small share of the precision market, mainly due to its high cost and the need for skilled human resources. For this reason, the industry currently uses mainly indirect solutions. Current mapping methods on the market - yield maps, vegetation indices, soil moisture maps derived from soil geophysical properties and conductivity - only reflect the seasonal effect and the current soil moisture status, but are not necessarily able to explain the causes of heterogeneity and the mode of intervention. Numerous examples show that without a real knowledge of our soils, even the most sophisticated tools are not useful.

[0008] For tillage and irrigation, one of the most important pieces of information is soil cohesion, which is characterised by the Golden Index (KA) and is strongly correlated with mechanical properties and grain size, i.e. texture. The KA is a relatively simple and inexpensive test and is therefore part of the basic soil analysis. A mapping methodology capable of deriving high- resolution data has not yet been developed. The practical solution is to interpolate the values of 5 samples per hectare, but in many cases this results in data of very limited quality and accuracy. The most important limitation to accurate extrapolation is the lack of explanatory data with high spatial point density.

[0009] 4) Indicate the problem to be solved by the invention:

[0010] The aim of our project is to develop an economical soil connectivity mapping methodology that can support the use and rational planning of precision tillage technologies.

[0011] 5 Solving the problem:

[0012] This is where the present solution takes a step forward by using the technical data recorded on the board as explanatory data while the tractors equipped with RTK navigation are working. When pulling tillage implements, the technical parameters vary depending on the soil

[0013] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) resistance, of which the binding is the most important component. In more compacted soils, the soil resistance increases, thus increasing the consumption, reducing the speed and the area cultivated per unit time. As this data is recorded, logged and georeferenced every second by the tractor, it is a perfect explanation for the degree of binding. Using this data as independent variables in multivariate regression, we can produce a high spatial resolution map of connectivity.

[0014] 6) A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the invention which substantiate the scope of protection:

[0015] 1. The first step in the process is to collect logged data from the available RTK equipped machines. Here, operations with high traction resistance are the most efficient, such as ploughing and deep ploughing.

[0016] 2. Georeferencing of the available AK data for the table, recording the sampling points. Here, the use of average samples is not satisfactory, it is worthwhile to take samples from a given point every 5 hectares and analyse the Gold bound in the laboratory.

[0017] 3. The technical log data in shape format is converted to raster format with a resolution of 10 metres. The pixel values are the average of the measurement points per pixel area. Files are created for 3 variables per operation, distance per unit time (distance variable), speed per point and consumption per point.

[0018] 4. The data, pixel values, from one or more operations are assigned to the AK values measured at the measurement points as dependent variables. The data are subjected to principal component analysis and then transformed into principal components to reduce dimensionality and decorrelation between variables.

[0019] 5. On the completed database we run the multivariate regression and generate the estimating equation.

[0020] 6. We run the regression estimation on the principal component data layers and generate the AK 10 m resolution layer.

[0021] 7.) An explanation of how the invention is susceptible of industrial application, if this is not apparent from the nature or description of the invention:

[0022] As described in the previous points, the applicability in agriculture is supported.

[0023] 8) Description of the beneficial effects of the invention in relation to the state of the art a) an economical estimation procedure based on technical parameters collected as byproducts, free of charge, b) directly interprets the effects of the constraint on tillage c) the basis of a real physical soil management zone system for cultivation, which does not currently exist at this resolution. d) Indirectly, it can also help to estimate other soil parameters e) can be produced at a fraction of the current mapping costs

[0024] Patent claims:

[0025] Developing a field soil testing method and smart cultivation technology to reduce soil degradation

[0026] SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

Patent claim(s):

1. Development of field soul test method and rational cultivation techniques to reduce soil degradationSUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

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