Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a vehicle, comprising a battery pack. The battery pack comprises: at least two layers of cell groups, each layer of cell group comprising at least one sub-cell group, the sub-cell group comprising a plurality of battery cells, each of the plurality of battery cells of the sub-cell group extending in a first direction, the plurality of cells of the sub-cell group being arranged in a second direction, and the at least two layers of cell groups being stacked in a third direction. The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to one another.

Description

Battery packs and vehicles

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202322663050.5, filed on September 28, 2023, entitled “Battery Pack and Vehicle,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein for all purposes. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0004] Currently, battery packs typically incorporate cells into battery modules before integrating the modules into the pack. However, this integration approach requires additional structures such as tie rods and clamps to secure the cells, which occupies a significant amount of battery pack space and results in a low energy density. Furthermore, the cell layout in related battery packs underutilizes the space in both the height and width of the pack.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention is proposed to solve at least one of the above problems. According to a first aspect of the present application, a battery pack is provided, comprising: at least two layers of cell groups, wherein each layer of cell groups comprises at least one sub-cell group, wherein the sub-cell group comprises a plurality of cells, the plurality of cells in the sub-cell group each extend along a first direction, the plurality of cells in the sub-cell group are arranged along a second direction, and the at least two layers of cell groups are stacked along a third direction; and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present application, each layer of the battery cell group includes two sub-battery cell groups, and the two sub-battery cell groups are arranged along the first direction.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present application, the length of each of the battery cells is 400 mm to 900 mm.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present application, each layer of the battery cell group includes one sub-battery cell group.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the length of each of the battery cells is 600 mm-1200 mm.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present application, the uppermost cell group of the at least two layers of cell groups is disposed in at least one module housing, and each module housing is provided with at least one sub-cell group.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, each module shell is provided with a pole opening area, and the pole of the battery cell is provided in the pole opening area; the surface of the module shell is provided with an insulating film, and the insulating film at least covers the surface of the module shell close to the pole opening area.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the insulating film includes a first insulating film, which is disposed on a surface of the module housing away from the battery cell, and the first insulating film is close to the pole opening area.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the module shell is provided with two pole opening areas, and two first insulating films are provided on the surface of the module shell away from the battery cell. The two pole opening areas correspond to the two first insulating films respectively, and each first insulating film is close to the corresponding pole opening area.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the width of the first insulating film is 8 to 20 mm.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the width of the first insulating film is 0.02 to 0.05 times the total width of the module housing.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the first busbar located above the module shell is separated from the module shell by a first insulating film; and the width of the first insulating film opposite to the first busbar is 0.12 to 0.25 times the total width of the module shell.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the insulating film further includes: a second insulating film, which is provided on a surface of the module housing close to the battery cell.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, the first insulating film and the second insulating film are an integral structure.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the battery pack further includes: a box body, in which the at least two layers of battery cell groups are arranged; the box body has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the second direction, and the first end is provided with a distribution box.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present application, a battery energy distribution unit is provided in the distribution box, and the battery energy distribution unit is electrically connected to the at least two layers of battery cell groups.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, an electric energy transmission interface is provided at the second end of the box body; the electric energy transmission interface is electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit through a first busbar, the first busbar is located in the box body, and the first busbar is at least partially located above the at least two layers of battery cell groups.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present application, all cells in a cell group in a layer of the at least two cell groups are connected in series, and each cell group is electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit via a second busbar.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, a shock-absorbing pad is provided between the box and the at least two layers of battery cell groups.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present application, a cold plate is provided between any two adjacent layers of battery cell groups in the at least two layers of battery cell groups.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising: a vehicle body, and any one of the above-mentioned battery packs arranged on the vehicle body.

[0027] According to the battery pack and vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present application, at least two layers of cell groups are provided in the battery pack, each layer of cell groups includes at least one sub-cell group, the sub-cell group includes multiple cells, the multiple cells of the sub-cell group all extend along the first direction, the multiple cells of the sub-cell group are arranged along the second direction, at least two layers of cell groups are stacked along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. Compared with the cell arrangement of related battery packs, the battery pack in the present application includes at least two layers of cell groups, and each sub-cell group in at least one layer of cell groups is a module-free cell assembly method, which can make the cells more compactly arranged in the battery pack and fully utilize the height space of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit loop provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG6 is a bottom view of the battery module shown in FIG5 ;

[0035] FIG7 is a rear view of the battery module shown in FIG5 ;

[0036] FIG8 is a partial enlarged view of the portion C in FIG7 .

[0037] Reference numerals: 10 - battery cell 20 - cold plate 30 - insulation plate 41 - tray 42 - cover plate 43 - side beam 50 - distribution box 51 - first busbar 52 - second busbar 61 - first insulation film 62 - second insulation film 63 - metal pressure plate DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein. Based on the embodiments of the present invention described in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0040] It should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make disclosure thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0041] In order to fully understand the present invention, a detailed structure will be provided in the following description to illustrate the technical solution proposed by the present invention. Optional embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. However, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the present invention may also have other implementations.

[0042] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0043] The present application provides a battery pack. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the battery pack includes at least two layers of cell groups. Each layer of cell groups includes at least one sub-cell group, each sub-cell group includes a plurality of cells 10, each of the multiple cells 10 in the sub-cell group extends along a first direction, and the multiple cells 10 in the sub-cell group are arranged along a second direction. At least two layers of cell groups are stacked along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are mutually perpendicular.

[0044] In the above scheme, at least two layers of cell groups are provided in the battery pack, each layer of cell groups includes at least one sub-cell group, the sub-cell group includes a plurality of cells 10, the plurality of cells 10 of the sub-cell group extend along the first direction, the plurality of cells 10 of the sub-cell group are arranged along the second direction, at least two layers of cell groups are stacked along the third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. Compared with the cell arrangement of related battery packs, the battery pack in the present application includes at least two layers of cell groups, and each sub-cell group in at least one layer of cell groups is a module-free cell assembly method, which can make the cell 10 more compactly arranged in the battery pack and make full use of the height space of the battery pack. The above-mentioned structures are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] When determining the type of each battery cell 10, illustratively, each battery cell 10 can be a short battery cell or a long battery cell. It should be explained that short battery cells and long battery cells have clear definitions in this field. A short battery cell is a battery cell whose length does not exceed a first preset value, and a long battery cell is a battery cell whose length exceeds a second preset value. The above-mentioned first preset value and second preset value may be equal or unequal, and even the first preset value may be greater than the second preset value. Exemplarily, the length of a short battery cell may be 400mm-900mm, and the length of a long battery cell may be 600mm-1200mm. Referring to Figure 1, the shape of the battery cell 10 can specifically be a short battery cell or a long battery cell with a relatively thin thickness, or a rectangular block battery cell with a slightly thicker thickness. The rectangular block battery cell can specifically be, for example, but not limited to, a square aluminum shell battery cell. The shape of the battery cell 10 can also be a cylindrical battery cell. Electrodes of the battery cell 10 are provided at both ends of the battery cell 10 in the first direction, specifically, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 10. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 10 can be provided at both ends of the battery cell 10 in the first direction, respectively. That is, an electrode is provided at both ends of the battery cell 10 in the first direction, and the electrode can be a positive electrode or a negative electrode. Of course, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery cell 10 can also be provided at only one end of the battery cell 10 in the first direction, or on the surface of the battery cell 10 along the third direction.

[0046] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 4, each cell group layer contains multiple cells 10, which form at least one sub-cell group. Specifically, each sub-cell group can consist of multiple cells 10 arranged in a single row, with the cells 10 in the same row arranged along a second direction. That is, the cells 10 in each row are arranged in a straight line along the same second direction. Each sub-cell group contains a row of cells 10. It can be seen that the arrangement direction of the cells 10 in each row is different from the first direction. The second direction can be substantially perpendicular to the first direction, so that the positive and negative electrodes in each cell 10 are located at opposite ends of the first direction, thereby increasing the spacing between the electrodes and preventing the risk of high-voltage arc breakdown. For example, when the cells 10 are long and thin, the second direction can be the thickness direction of the cells 10. This allows for a greater number of cells 10 to be arranged in each cell group layer, increasing the density of the cells 10 and, consequently, the energy density of the battery pack.

[0047] When determining the number of layers of cell groups in a battery pack, the battery pack may include two, three, four, or five layers of cell groups, among others. By arranging the battery pack with at least two layers of cell groups, the space in the battery pack can be fully utilized, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery pack. When determining the number of rows of cells 10 in each layer of cell groups, for example, at least one layer of cell groups may include one row of cells 10, two rows of cells 10, three rows of cells 10, four rows of cells 10, or more. Each row of cells 10 may serve as a sub-cell group. That is, the multiple cells 10 in each layer of cell groups may be arranged in a single row, two rows, three rows, or the like. Arranging at least two rows of cells 10 in each layer of cell groups increases the density of the cells 10, fully utilizing the space within the battery pack, thereby increasing the energy density of the battery pack. The stacking direction of the at least two layers of cell groups is in the third direction, which is substantially perpendicular to both the first and second directions. That is, the first, second, and third directions are mutually perpendicular. For example, when the battery cell 10 is a long battery cell 10 with a relatively thin thickness, the third direction may be the width direction of the battery cell 10. It should be understood that the above only shows one stacking direction of different layers of battery cell groups.

[0048] Exemplarily, each layer of battery cell groups may include at least two sub-battery cell groups. Specifically, each layer of battery cell groups may include two sub-battery cell groups, three sub-battery cell groups, etc. For example, when two sub-battery cell groups are included in each layer of battery cell groups, the two sub-battery cell groups are arranged along the first direction, that is, the two sub-battery cell groups are arranged along the length direction of the battery cell. In some embodiments, the length of each battery cell may be 400mm-900mm, that is, each battery cell 10 may be a short battery cell 10, and the two rows of battery cells 10 in the same layer are arranged side by side to increase the arrangement density of the battery cells 10. Exemplarily, each layer of battery cell groups may also include a sub-battery cell group, and the multiple battery cells 10 in the sub-battery cell group are arranged in a single row. In some embodiments, the length of each battery cell may be 600mm-1200mm, that is, each battery cell 10 may be a long battery cell 10 to increase the arrangement density of the battery cells 10. For example, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , two adjacent sub-cell groups in each layer of cell groups may be separated by an insulating plate 30 .

[0049] For example, in at least two layers of battery cell groups, at least some of the battery cells 10 can be first placed in a module shell to assemble into a battery module. Specifically, a method of assembling a battery module by placing some of the battery cells 10 in a module shell can be adopted, or a method of assembling a battery module by placing all of the battery cells 10 in a module shell can be adopted. In some embodiments, the topmost battery cell group of the at least two layers of battery cell groups is placed in at least one module shell, and each module shell is provided with at least one sub-battery cell group, and a module shell is provided with a row of battery cells 10.

[0050] For example, regardless of whether the topmost cell group includes one sub-cell group or multiple sub-cell groups, all the cells 10 of the topmost cell group can be placed in a module housing to assemble into a battery module. For example, regardless of whether the topmost cell group includes one row of cells 10 or at least two rows of cells 10, all the cells 10 of the topmost cell group can be placed in a module housing to assemble into a battery module.

[0051] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5, when the top layer of battery cell groups contains at least two rows of battery cells 10, each row of battery cells 10 serves as a sub-battery cell group, and the number of rows of battery cells 10 in the top layer of battery cell groups can be equal to the number of module shells, and a row of battery cells 10 can be set in a module shell, that is, a sub-battery cell group is set in a module shell.

[0052] In at least two layers of battery cell groups, referring to Figures 1 and 5 , each row of battery cells 10 can be a battery module. That is, among all rows of battery cells 10 in the battery pack, some rows of battery cells 10 can be assembled into a battery module by directly arranging individual battery cells 10 in the battery pack, and then the battery module is arranged as a row of battery cells 10 in the battery pack.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1, illustratively, the top and bottom layers of at least two layers of battery cell groups can adopt different battery cell arrangements. Specifically, each sub-cell group in the top layer of the at least two layers of battery cell groups 10 can be assembled into a battery module, and the battery module can be assembled into the battery pack by hoisting. The assembly convenience of the battery module is utilized to increase the assemblability and simplify the overall assembly difficulty of the battery pack. At this time, all the rows of battery cells 10 in the bottom layer of the at least two layers of battery cells 10 can be assembled into CTP. It should be explained that CTP is a module-free arrangement method, that is, all the battery cells 10 in the bottom layer of the battery cells 10 can be directly arranged in the battery pack to increase the arrangement density of the battery cells 10. Of course, the bottom layer of the battery cell group can also adopt the same module arrangement as the top layer, or other battery cell arrangement forms, which are not limited here.

[0054] In some embodiments, the top and bottom layers of at least two layers of cell groups can use the same cell arrangement. For example, both the bottom and top layers of cell groups can use a CTP arrangement. Furthermore, when selecting which row of cells 10 to form a battery module, the method of selecting all rows of cells 10 in the top layer as a battery module is not limited to the method shown above. Other arrangements can also be used.

[0055] Battery modules can be assembled in a variety of ways. For example, referring to Figure 5 , each module housing is provided with a pole opening area. The pole opening area can be an opening provided in the module housing, and the poles of the battery cells 10 are provided in the pole opening area, serving as the pole area of ​​the battery module. It should be explained that the pole area is the area in the battery module where the electrodes of the battery cells 10 are exposed. When providing the pole area, the battery module can include two pole areas, that is, two pole opening areas are provided in the module housing. The two pole opening areas can be provided at either end of the lengthwise direction or the first direction of the battery cell 10. When the positive and negative electrodes of each battery cell 10 are located at either end of the lengthwise direction of the battery cell 10, two pole areas are formed at both ends of the multiple battery cells 10 in the battery module. Of course, when the positive and negative electrodes of each battery cell 10 extend from the same side of the battery cell 10, a pole area can also be provided in the battery module. In this case, the lead-out sides of the multiple battery cells 10 in the battery module form a single pole area. The same-side lead can be arranged at one of the two ends of the battery cell 10 in the longitudinal direction, and the corresponding pole area is located at one end of the battery module along the first direction. Of course, the positive and negative poles of the battery cell 10 can also be arranged on a side area with a larger surface area of ​​the battery cell 10. In this case, since the battery cells 10 are arranged along the second direction, the corresponding one or two pole areas extend along the second direction.

[0056] For example, an insulating film may be provided on the surface of the module housing, the insulating film covering at least the surface of the module housing near the terminal opening area to insulate and isolate the terminal area of ​​the battery module from the module housing. For example, the insulating film may cover only the surface of the module housing near the terminal opening area, or may cover all surfaces of the module housing.

[0057] Exemplarily, with reference to Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8, the insulating film may not include the first insulating film 61, and the first insulating film 61 is provided on the surface of the module shell away from the battery cell 10, and the first insulating film 61 is close to the pole opening area. That is, a first insulating film 61 is also provided on one side of the outer surface of the module shell surrounding the pole opening area, thereby increasing insulation and creepage distance, and protecting high voltage safety in extreme cases such as leakage and water ingress. Exemplarily, when the two pole opening areas on the module shell are respectively located at the two opposite ends or one end in the first direction, the first insulating film 61 can be provided on the side away from the battery cell 10 in the upper surface and the lower surface of the module shell. Of course, the first insulating film 61 can also be provided on the side of the side surface of the module shell away from the battery cell 10.

[0058] For example, referring to Figures 5 and 6, when two pole opening areas are provided at opposite ends of the module housing in the first direction, two first insulating films 61 can be provided on the surface of the module housing away from the battery cell 10. The two pole opening areas correspond to the two first insulating films 61, respectively. Each first insulating film 61 is close to the corresponding pole area, so that two first insulating films 61 are provided on the upper and lower outer surfaces of the module housing at each pole opening area, with one first insulating film 61 provided at the edge of one pole opening area and the other first insulating film 61 provided at the edge of the other pole opening area. This can increase insulation and creepage distance, and protect against high voltage safety in extreme situations such as leakage and water ingress.

[0059] For example, referring to Figures 5, 7, and 8, a second insulating film 62 may be provided on the surface of the module housing near the battery cell 10, that is, the second insulating film 62 is provided on the side of the module housing facing the battery cell 10. The second insulating film 62 may be provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the module housing, or on the side surface of the module housing.

[0060] For example, the module housing may include a metal pressure plate 63. The battery module integrates multiple battery cells 10 using the metal pressure plate 63. A second insulating film 62 may be disposed between the metal pressure plate 63 and the battery cells 10. The second insulating film 62 separates the battery cells 10 from the metal pressure plate 63, thereby increasing insulation and creepage distance, and protecting against high voltage safety in extreme situations such as leakage and water ingress. When determining the materials for the second insulating film 62 and the first insulating film 61, insulating materials such as, but not limited to, PI and rubber may be used.

[0061] Exemplarily, referring to Figure 8, the first insulating film 61 and the second insulating film 62 can be an integral structure. In this case, the first insulating film 61 can be regarded as the first insulating film 61 formed by the outer flange of the second insulating film 62 from the inner surface of the module shell, so that it can completely wrap the edge of the metal pressure plate 63 to improve the insulation effect. Of course, it should be noted that the arrangement of the first insulating film 61 and the second insulating film 62 is not limited to the above-mentioned method. In addition, other methods can also be used. For example, the first insulating film 61 and the second insulating film 62 can be set separately. The second insulating film 62 can be a strip-shaped insulating film attached to the surface of the module shell away from the battery cell 10 along a pole opening area. Among them, the width of the first insulating film 61 refers to the distance between the two opposite sides of the narrower direction in the strip insulating film.

[0062] When determining the width of the first insulating film 61, the width of the first insulating film 61 can be no less than 8 mm, so as to maximize the insulation properties and increase the creepage distance, and to protect against high voltage safety in extreme situations such as leakage and water ingress. For example, the width of the first insulating film 61 can be any value between 8 and 20 mm, such as 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm, and 20 mm. Of course, the width of the first insulating film 61 can also be correlated with the total width of the module shell. The total width of the module shell is the total width of the battery module. The wider the total width of the module shell, the wider the width of each first insulating film 61 can be; and the narrower the total width of the module shell, the narrower the width of each first insulating film 61 can be. Exemplarily, the width of the first insulating film 61 can be 0.02 to 0.05 times the total width of the module housing. Specifically, the width of the first insulating film 61 can be 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.05 times the total width of the module housing, or any value between 0.02 and 0.05 times.

[0063] For example, referring to Figures 1 and 5, the first busbar 51 located above the module shell can be separated from the module shell by a first insulating film 61. The first busbar 51 can be used to connect the distribution box 50 with the external power transmission interface to prevent the first busbar 51 from interfering with the battery module, and also prevent the battery module from affecting the normal operation of the first busbar 51. It is understandable that when the first busbar 51 is set on the side of the battery module, the corresponding first insulating film 61 is also set on the side surface of the battery module. For example, the width of the first insulating film 61 opposite to the first busbar 51 can be 0.12 to 0.25 times the total width of the module shell. Specifically, the width of the first insulating film 61 between the first busbar 51 and the battery housing is wider than that of the first insulating film 61 without the corresponding first busbar 51. Specifically, it can be any value between 0.12 and 0.25 times the total width of the module housing, such as 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, 0.20, 0.22, or 0.25. This improves insulation and creepage distance, and protects against high voltage safety in extreme situations such as leakage and water ingress.

[0064] In other embodiments, the first insulating film 61 can be at least 8 mm wider than the first busbar 51. Specifically, the first insulating film 61 is wider than the first busbar 51, ensuring that the distance between the side edges of the first busbar 51 and the side edges of the first insulating film 61 is no less than 8 mm. For example, the first insulating film 61 can be 8 to 20 mm wider than the first busbar 51. This improves insulation and creepage distance, and protects against high voltage safety in extreme situations such as leakage and water ingress.

[0065] For example, the cell groups at the bottom layer of the at least two layers of cell groups may be assembled into a battery module, and the cell groups at the top layer may be assembled into a CTP.

[0066] Of course, in addition to the above-described arrangements, other arrangements can also be used. For example, at least two layers of cell packs can be assembled using a CTC (Computer-to-Cell) assembly method. It should be noted that CTC refers to the direct integration of the cell 10 into the vehicle chassis. In this case, the battery pack cover 42 and the vehicle chassis can be integrated into a single structure.

[0067] In addition, referring to Figures 1, 2 and 4, the battery pack may further include a box body, in which at least two layers of battery cell groups are arranged. When setting the box body, a variety of settings can be adopted. Exemplarily, the box body may include a tray 41 for supporting at least two layers of battery cell groups, and may also include a cover plate 42 covering the at least two layers of battery cell groups, and may also include a side beam 43 connected between the cover plate 42 and the tray 41, and the side beam 43 may be set on the side of the tray 41. The specific setting method can be set on the tray 41 by methods such as but not limited to welding, screw connection, clamping, integral molding, etc.

[0068] With reference to Figures 1, 2, and 4, the housing has opposing first and second ends along the second direction, i.e., the multiple cells 10 in each row of cells 10 are arranged sequentially from the first end of the housing to the second end. A distribution box 50 can be provided at the first end of the housing, directly opposing the non-electrode ends of each row of cells 10. This reduces the risk of gases from the cells 10 being directly ejected into modules within the distribution box 50, such as but not limited to the battery energy distribution unit, during thermal runaway. This also facilitates electrical connection between the modules within the distribution box 50 and each row of cells 10, reducing the length of wiring within the battery pack and thereby reducing the risk of high-voltage circuit breakdown.

[0069] Referring to Figure 1, multiple modules can be set in the distribution box 50. The distribution box 50 can be provided with a battery energy distribution unit, and can also be provided with modules such as a battery information collector. When realizing the electrical connection between the battery energy distribution unit and the at least two layers of battery cell groups, the battery energy distribution unit can be electrically connected to at least one positive electrode and negative electrode in the at least two layers of battery cell groups. Exemplarily, the battery energy distribution unit can only lead out one positive electrode interface and one negative electrode interface, and the positive electrode interface is electrically connected to one positive electrode in the at least two layers of battery cell groups. The specific way of realizing the electrical connection can adopt methods such as but not limited to busbars, flexible wires, etc. Of course, the way of realizing the electrical connection between the battery energy distribution unit and the at least two layers of battery cell groups is not limited to the methods shown above. In addition to these, other methods can also be used. Exemplarily, all the battery cells 10 in the same layer of battery cell groups of the at least two layers of battery cell groups can be connected in series, and each layer of battery cell groups is electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit through the second busbar 52. That is, the multiple battery cells 10 in the upper battery cell group are connected in series, the multiple battery cells 10 in the lower battery cell group are connected in series, and then connected in series through the second busbar 52 in the distribution box 50, so that only one distribution box 50 can be set.

[0070] Exemplarily, with reference to FIG3 , two adjacent rows of battery cells 10 in the same layer of battery cell groups can be electrically connected through the second busbar 52, even if different rows of battery cells 10 in the same layer of battery cell groups are electrically connected through the second busbar 52, thereby reducing the number of interfaces between the battery energy distribution unit and at least two rows of battery cells 10, and reducing the number of wiring between the battery energy distribution unit and at least two layers of battery cell groups, thereby reducing the risk of high-voltage breakdown. The material of the second busbar 52 can be, for example, but not limited to, a conductive copper busbar. It should be explained that the left side shown in FIG3 refers to the upper layer of battery cell groups, and the right side refers to the lower layer of battery cell groups, and the first busbar 51 is only arranged above the upper layer of battery cell groups. The second busbar 52 can be arranged at the first end or the second end of the box to prevent the second busbar 52 from interfering with the arrangement of at least two layers of battery cell groups.

[0071] Referring to Figure 1, an electric energy transmission interface can be provided in the distribution box 50. The electric energy transmission interface can be directly electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit in the distribution box 50 to output electric energy to the outside. The electric energy transmission interface can be assembled in the distribution box 50 using a plug-in connector. Of course, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, an electric energy transmission interface can also be provided at the second end of the box, that is, two electric energy transmission interfaces are provided in the battery pack. The electric energy transmission interface can be assembled at the second end of the box using a plug-in connector. When achieving the electrical connection between the electric energy transmission interface at the second end of the box and the battery energy distribution unit, a variety of methods can be used. For example, the electric energy transmission interface can be electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit via a first busbar 51. The first busbar 51 is located in the box. The first busbar 51 can specifically be, for example, but not limited to, a conductive copper busbar. The first busbar 51 can also be at least partially located above at least two layers of battery cell groups to prevent the first busbar 51 from affecting the arrangement structure of the battery cells 10. Specifically, the entire first busbar 51 can be positioned above at least two layers of cell groups; alternatively, a portion of the first busbar 51 can be positioned above at least two layers of cell groups, with the remainder positioned to one side of the at least two layers of cell groups. As described above, the first busbar 51 is separated from the topmost cell group by the first insulating film 61, thereby preventing faults such as short circuits between the first busbar 51 and the topmost cell group. The first busbar 51 can be positioned only above the topmost cell group 10, without being located within the lower cell groups 10, thus not occupying the space below.

[0072] Referring to Figure 1, a cold plate 20 can also be provided between any two adjacent layers of cell groups in at least two layers of cell groups, and the different layers of cell groups can be separated by the cold plate 20 so that the cells 10 are arranged in a similar field shape. The cold plate 20 can specifically be a direct cooling plate or a water cooling plate. By adopting the above method, not only can the heat radiation area between the cold plate 20 and the cell 10 be increased, and the cooling and heat dissipation effect be improved, but also the cold plate 20 is arranged between the cell groups of different layers, effectively separating the cell groups of each layer, preventing the cell groups of different layers from interfering with each other, and alleviating the problem of thermal runaway high voltage. When setting the cold plate 20, a variety of setting methods can be adopted. For example, the cell group of the bottom layer can be bonded to the tray 41 with structural adhesive, and the cell group of the bottom layer can be bonded to the cold plate 20 with thermal conductive structural adhesive, and then the cell group of the bottom layer is turned upside down into the tray 41. The top layer of battery cells can be pre-bonded to its own structural components with structural adhesive to form a battery module, which can then be hoisted into the battery pack. The top battery module can be bonded to the cold plate 20 with thermally conductive structural adhesive.

[0073] 2 , a shock-absorbing pad may be provided between the box and at least two layers of battery cell groups to separate the battery cell groups from the inner wall of the box, thereby protecting the battery cells 10. The shock-absorbing pad may be made of an insulating and easily deformable material such as, but not limited to, shock-absorbing foam or elastic rubber.

[0074] In each of the embodiments shown above, at least two layers of cell groups are provided in the battery pack, each layer of cell groups includes at least one sub-cell group, the sub-cell group includes a plurality of cells 10, the plurality of cells 10 of the sub-cell group all extend along a first direction, the plurality of cells 10 of the sub-cell group are arranged along a second direction, at least two layers of cell groups are stacked along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. Compared to the cell arrangement of related battery packs, the battery pack in the present application includes at least two layers of cell groups, and each sub-cell group in at least one layer of cell groups is a module-free cell assembly method, which enables the cell groups to be arranged more compactly in the battery pack and fully utilizes the height space of the battery pack.

[0075] In addition, the present application provides a vehicle, as shown in Figures 1 to 8 , comprising a vehicle body and any of the aforementioned battery packs disposed on the vehicle body. Specifically, the vehicle may be, but is not limited to, a passenger car, a truck, or a special engineering vehicle. The vehicle body comprises a frame, wheels, a gearbox, a steering wheel, and other structures, and any of the aforementioned battery packs is disposed on the vehicle body.

[0076] The present invention has been described through the above-described embodiments. However, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are for illustrative and illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention to the described embodiments. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and that various variations and modifications may be made based on the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: At least two layers of battery cell groups, wherein each layer of battery cell groups comprises at least one sub-battery cell group, the sub-battery cell group comprises a plurality of battery cells (10), the plurality of battery cells in the sub-battery cell group all extend along a first direction, the plurality of battery cells in the sub-battery cell group are arranged along a second direction, and the at least two layers of battery cell groups are stacked along a third direction; and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the battery cell group includes two sub-battery cell groups, and the two sub-battery cell groups are arranged along the first direction.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of each battery cell is 400mm-900mm.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Each layer of the battery cell group includes one sub-battery cell group.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of each battery cell is 600mm-1200mm.

6. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The uppermost cell group of the at least two cell groups is disposed in at least one module shell, and at least one sub-cell group is disposed in each module shell.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each module housing is provided with a pole opening area, and the pole of the battery cell is provided in the pole opening area; An insulating film is provided on the surface of the module shell, and the insulating film at least covers the surface of the module shell close to the pole opening area.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating film comprises: A first insulating film (61) is arranged on a surface of the module housing on a side away from the battery cell, and the first insulating film is close to the pole opening area.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that: The module shell is provided with two pole opening areas, and the surface of the module shell away from the battery cell is provided with two first insulating films, the two pole opening areas correspond to the two first insulating films respectively, and each first insulating film is close to the corresponding pole opening area.

10. The battery pack according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The width of the first insulating film is 8 to 20 mm.

11. The battery pack according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The width of the first insulating film is 0.02 to 0.05 times the total width of the module housing.

12. The battery pack according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: A first busbar (51) located above the module housing is separated from the battery module by a first insulating film; The width of a strip of the first insulating film opposite to the first busbar position is 0.12 to 0.25 times the total width of the battery module.

13. The battery pack according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that: The insulating film further comprises: a second insulating film (62) arranged on a surface of the module housing close to a side of the battery cell.

14. The battery pack according to claim 13, wherein: The first insulating film and the second insulating film are an integral structure.

15. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: Also includes: A box body, wherein the at least two layers of battery cell groups are arranged in the box body; The box body has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along the second direction, and a distribution box (50) is disposed at the first end.

16. The battery pack according to claim 15, characterized in that: A battery energy distribution unit is provided in the distribution box; The battery energy distribution unit is electrically connected to the at least two layers of battery core groups.

17. The battery pack according to claim 16, wherein: A power transmission interface is provided at the second end of the box; The power transmission interface is electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit via a first busbar, the first busbar is located in the box, and the first busbar is at least partially located above the at least two layers of battery cell groups.

18. The battery pack according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that: All cells in a cell group of the same layer of at least two cell groups are connected in series, and each cell group is electrically connected to the battery energy distribution unit via a second busbar (52).

19. The battery pack according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing pad is arranged between the box body and the at least two layers of battery core groups.

20. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that: A cold plate (20) is arranged between any two adjacent layers of battery cell groups in the at least two layers of battery cell groups.

21. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: Vehicle body; and The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 20 provided on the vehicle body.

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