Transmission method and apparatus, internet of things device, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and discloses a transmission method and apparatus, an Internet of Things device, and an electronic device. The transmission method in embodiments of the present application comprises: a target Internet of Things device receives a first downlink message sent by a first device, the first downlink message being used for instructing at least one Internet of Things device to initiate a random access procedure, and the first downlink message comprising at least one of the following: identification information of the at least one Internet of Things device; a paging reason; access procedure information; data transmission information; access resource configuration information of the target Internet of Things device; time control information; retransmission resource configuration information of the target Internet of Things device; security information, the security information being used for authenticating the target Internet of Things device and encrypting or decrypting transmission data; and a first indication, the first indication being used for indicating a backoff time for the target Internet of Things device to perform data retransmission.

Description

Transmission method, device, Internet of Things device, and electronic device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on September 28, 2023, with application number 202311290603.5 and invention name “Transmission method, device, Internet of Things device and electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a transmission method, apparatus, Internet of Things device, and electronic device. Background Art

[0004] Ambient IoT (A-IoT) is a new 3GPP IoT technology under research. A-IoT devices are ultra-low-complexity and ultra-low-power terminals. 3GPP Ambient IoT aims to provide large-scale cellular network deployment and seamless coverage. Currently, there is a need to define the signaling interaction process for A-IoT devices to minimize the number of signaling interactions.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a transmission method, apparatus, IoT device, and electronic device, which can define the signaling interaction process of A-IoT devices, support more functions in signaling, and reduce the number of signaling interactions.

[0007] In a first aspect, a transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0008] The target Internet of Things device receives a first downlink message sent by the first device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one Internet of Things device to initiate a random access process;

[0009] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0010] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0011] Paging reason;

[0012] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0013] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0014] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0015] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0016] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0017] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0018] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0019] In a second aspect, another transmission method is provided, including:

[0020] The first device sends a first downlink message to the target Internet of Things device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one Internet of Things device to initiate a random access process;

[0021] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0022] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0023] Paging reason;

[0024] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0025] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0026] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0027] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0028] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0029] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0030] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0031] In a third aspect, a transmission device is provided, which is applied to an IoT device, including:

[0032] A first downlink message receiving module is configured to receive a first downlink message sent by a first device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process;

[0033] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0034] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0035] Paging reason;

[0036] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0037] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0038] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0039] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0040] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0041] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0042] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, another transmission apparatus is provided, applied to a first device, the apparatus comprising:

[0044] A first downlink message sending module, configured to send a first downlink message to a target IoT device, wherein the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process;

[0045] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0046] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0047] Paging reason;

[0048] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0049] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0050] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0051] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0052] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0053] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0054] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0055] In a fifth aspect, an Internet of Things device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and when the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the transmission method described in the first aspect are implemented.

[0056] In a sixth aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores programs or instructions that can be run on the processor, and when the programs or instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the transmission method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0057] In the seventh aspect, a transmission system is provided, comprising: an Internet of Things device and a first device, wherein the Internet of Things device can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method described in the first aspect above, and the first device can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method described in the second aspect above.

[0058] In an eighth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the transmission method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the transmission method described in the second aspect are implemented.

[0059] In the ninth aspect, a chip is provided, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the transmission method as described in the first aspect, or to implement the transmission method as described in the second aspect.

[0060] In a tenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, wherein the computer program / program product is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0061] An embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, which improves the signaling interaction process of IoT devices, redefines the interactive signaling of IoT devices, and supports more functions in signaling interaction, such as access control, secure transmission control, retransmission control, etc.; if the first device pages the IoT device, the transmission method provided by the present application can support contention-free access of the physical network device, reducing the number of signaling interactions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of the present application;

[0063] FIG2 is a flow chart of backscatter transmission based on OOK in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG3 is a transmission diagram of a backscatter communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an inventory process in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an RFID process and Tag status in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG6 is a flowchart of a contention-based random access in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG7 is a flowchart of a non-contention-based random access in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG8 is a flowchart of a two-step random access in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a fallback process of random access in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of another random access fallback process in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG11 is a flowchart of a new two-step random access embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG12 is a flow chart of a transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG13 is a flow chart of another transmission method in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG14 is a structural block diagram of a transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG15 is a structural block diagram of another transmission device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG16 is a structural block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG17 is a structural block diagram of a terminal device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG18 is a structural block diagram of a network-side device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] Figure 19 is a structural block diagram of another network-side device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0082] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0083] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and the NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to applications other than NR system applications, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. th Generation, 6G) communication system.

[0084] FIG1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal device 11 and a network-side device 12 . The terminal device 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer) or a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a pedestrian terminal (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication functions, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture, etc.), a game console, a personal computer (PC), an ATM or a self-service machine, and other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal device 11 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device 12 may also be referred to as a radio access network device, a radio access network (RAN), a radio access network function, or a radio access network unit. The access network device 12 may include a base station, a WLAN access point, or a WiFi node, etc. The base station may be referred to as a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), an access point, a base transceiver station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a home node B, a home evolved node B, a transmitting and receiving point (TRP), or other appropriate terms in the field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to a specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.The core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility management entity (MME), access mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (PCRF), edge application service discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data storage (UDR), home user server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network storage function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BSF), etc. Function, BSF), application function (Application Function, AF), etc. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is introduced as an example, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0085] First, the relevant concepts involved in the embodiments of this application are introduced:

[0086] 1. Ambient IoT (A-IoT)

[0087] Ambient IoT is a new 3GPP IoT technology under research. Ambient IoT terminals have ultra-low complexity and ultra-low power consumption.

[0088] Ambient IoT, also known as the ambient power-enabled Internet of Things (Ambient Power-Enabled IoT), is an IoT service in which IoT devices are powered by energy harvesting. IoT devices lack batteries or have limited energy storage capabilities (for example, using a capacitor). Energy harvesting can be done from radio waves, light, motion, heat, or other suitable energy sources.

[0089] Ambient IoT devices are IoT devices with low overall power consumption, including low-power signal reception and low-power signal transmission. Due to their low overall power consumption, communication energy can come from the environment, such as wind energy, kinetic energy, thermal energy, and RF signals. They are also called ambient IoT devices, passive IoT devices, or transponder devices. Signal transmission methods for these devices include:

[0090] Backscatter RF signals for signal transmission; such devices can also be called electronic tags, radio frequency tags (RFID);

[0091] Some active tags have the ability to generate active signals, but in order to achieve low power consumption of the device, the signal is generally lower than 0dBm, for example, less than or equal to -10dBm.

[0092] Ambient IoT terminals can be classified based on energy source, energy storage capability, passive or active emission, etc. There are three types of devices:

[0093] Device Type A: Passive Device. It has no energy storage, independent signal generation or amplification capabilities, and uses backscatter transmission.

[0094] Device Type B: Semi-passive Device. This device has energy storage but no independent signal generation capability, i.e., backscatter transmission. The use of stored energy may include amplification of the reflected signal.

[0095] Device Type C: Active Device. It has energy storage and independent signal generation, i.e., active RF components for transmission.

[0096] 2. Backscatter Communication (BSC)

[0097] Backscatter communication refers to the use of radio frequency signals from other devices or the environment to modulate the signal and transmit its own information. Backscatter technology, a passive or low-energy technology, is characterized by its ability to transmit its own signal by modifying the characteristics of the received ambient radio frequency signal, such as its phase or amplitude, achieving extremely low or zero power consumption.

[0098] Referring to Figure 2, a flow chart of backscatter transmission based on OOK is shown. As shown in Figure 2, a simple implementation is that when the tag needs to send a '1', the tag reflects the incident carrier signal, and when the tag needs to send a '0', it does not reflect.

[0099] Referring to FIG3 , a transmission diagram of a backscatter communication device is shown. As shown in FIG3 , the backscatter communication device controls the reflection coefficient Γ of the circuit by adjusting its internal impedance, thereby changing the amplitude, frequency, phase, etc. of the incident signal to achieve signal modulation. The reflection coefficient of the signal can be represented as: Γ=(Z_1-Z_0) / (Z_1+Z_0)=|Γ|e^(jθ_T)(1)

[0100] Where Z_0 is the antenna characteristic impedance, and Z_1 is the load impedance. Assuming the incident signal is S_in(t), the output signal is S_out(t) = S_in(t)|Γ|e^(jθ_T). Therefore, by properly controlling the reflection coefficient, corresponding amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, or phase modulation can be achieved.

[0101] These devices typically use low-power receivers, typically using low-power RF, IF, or baseband envelope detection. The waveform of the transmitted signal typically uses simple modulation schemes such as OOK, ASK, and FSK.

[0102] The device that communicates with such low-power devices is called a read-write device, which can be, for example, a terminal, a base station, or a device with read-write functions, such as a reader / writer, and the specifics are not limited here.

[0103] 3. A-IoT data type / business type

[0104] 3GPP R19 A-IoT studies the following data types / service types:

[0105] -Device-originated (DO)

[0106] -Device-terminated (DT)

[0107] DO and DT data represent data flows originating from A-IoT devices (similar to RFID tags) or transmitted to A-IoT devices. Data flows originating from A-IoT devices, i.e., DO data, can be further categorized as follows:

[0108] -DO-A, which means the device autonomously initiates data transmission.

[0109] For example: connecting a large number of various sensors that collect and, when necessary, actively report information about the environment, equipment, and organisms.

[0110] -DO-DTT, which means the device initiates data transmission after being triggered by the network.

[0111] For example, asset identification, status reporting, and tracking are all DL-triggered reports, where the reader collects data from the tag by triggering the inventory process. Since the data is generated or initiated in the IoT device, this service should be considered as a DO service initiated by the tag device (tag) triggered by a command sent by the reader.

[0112] 4. Information transmission between reader and tag in RFID

[0113] RFID is a traditional backscatter communication system designed to identify and read data from BSC devices (i.e., tags) within the reader's coverage area. Because RFID was initially used for automated inventory counting of large quantities of goods, the process of tag identification and data reading is also known as inventory counting.

[0114] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the tag inventory process, using the EPC C1G2 RFID system defined in ISO 18000-6c as an example. After the reader sends a query command (Query), the tag responds (Reply). For example, if the Reply is RN16, the tag generates a 16-bit random number and sends it to the reader. The reader then sends this sequence to the tag using the ACK command. After successfully verifying the RN16 in the ACK, the tag sends subsequent data (such as PC / XPC, EPC, etc.) to the reader.

[0115] As shown in Figure 5, a schematic diagram of an RFID process and Tag status is shown. The instructions for the reader operation are shown in Table 1 below:

[0116] Table 1

[0117] The status of the Tag tag is shown in Table 2 below:

[0118] Table 2

[0119] 5. Anti-collision method of backscatter communication system

[0120] In existing backscatter communication systems, a reader can usually only receive the backscatter signal of one tag at a time. For example, in the RFID inventory process, when the reader sends a control command to start the inventory process, it will indicate a value Q. The tag generates a random number q in the range of {0, ..., 2^Q-1} locally. The tag whose current random number is 0 will respond to the reader's control command and transmit the backscatter signal. The tag whose current random value is not 0 will not transmit the backscatter signal for the time being. After completing the communication with the tag whose random value is 0, the reader can continue to send control commands (for example, queryRep), for example, to instruct the tag to subtract 1 from the generated random number. The tag whose random value is reduced to 0 responds to the control command and performs backscatter transmission.

[0121] 6. 3GPP Random Access Process

[0122] Random access is a basic function of mobile communication systems and a necessary step for UE and network to establish a signaling connection.

[0123] Random access usage scenarios:

[0124] According to the description of the relevant 3GPP protocol (TS38.300-9.2.6), the usage scenarios of random access are as follows:

[0125] Initial access from RRC_IDLE;

[0126] New NR scenario: Transition from RRC_INACTIVE;

[0127] NR adds a new scenario: OSI request (Request for Other SI);

[0128] RRC Connection Re-establishment Procedure in Connected State

[0129] Handover;

[0130] DL or UL data arrival during RRC_CONNECTED when UL synchronisation status is "non-synchronised";

[0131] When uplink data arrives but there is no PUCCH resource to send a scheduling request (SR);

[0132] Scheduling Request (SR) failed;

[0133] Get uplink synchronization during SCell addition;

[0134] Synchronous reconfiguration via RRC (PCell change, PSCell addition / change);

[0135] New NR scenario: Beam failure recovery.

[0136] The Random Access process is divided into contention-based (RA, CBRA) random access and non-contention (RA, CFRA) random access.

[0137] The random access process for contention-based access consists of four steps: Message 1–Message 4, as shown in Figure 6. Non-contention-based access only requires two steps, as shown in Figure 7.

[0138] Contention-based RA (CBRA) random access is described as follows:

[0139] 1) Random access process and contention resolution

[0140] The four-step random access procedure (RACH) in contention includes the following steps:

[0141] -UE first sends msg1 to the network, including preamble;

[0142] -After the network detects the preamble, it will send a msg2 / RAR (random access response) message containing the number of the preamble detected by the network and the uplink radio resources allocated to the UE to send msg3;

[0143] -After receiving msg2, the UE confirms that at least one of the preamble numbers carried in msg2 is consistent with the preamble number it sent, and then sends msg3 containing contention resolution information according to the resources indicated by the RAR;

[0144] -After receiving msg3, the network will send msg4 containing contention resolution information;

[0145] -The UE receives msg4 and confirms that the resolution information is consistent with the one sent in msg3, thus completing the 4-step random access.

[0146] The network includes UL grant information in the RAR to indicate MSG3 PUSCH scheduling information, and includes information such as RAPID (RACH preamble ID), TC-RNTI, and TA. If the network does not receive the MSG3 PUSCH, it can schedule the retransmission of the MSG3 PUSCH in the PDCCH scrambled by the TC-RNTI.

[0147] For the contention random access process, different UEs randomly select preambles for transmission. In this way, different UEs may select the same preamble to send on the same time-frequency radio resources (RO resources). This situation can be understood as a UE preamble conflict. In this case, different UEs will receive the same RAR. At this time, different UEs will transmit MSG.3PUSCH according to the scheduling information in the RAR UL grant. Since the existing technology does not support repeated transmission of MSG.3PUSCH, the network can only decode the PUSCH (including contention resolution information) sent by one UE on one MSG3 PUSCH scheduling resource. Therefore, the network will include the contention resolution information received in MSG3 in MSG4. If the contention resolution information in MSG4 received by the UE matches the contention resolution information sent by the UE in MSG3 PUSCH, the UE considers that the contention resolution is successful. If they do not match, the contention resolution is considered unsuccessful.

[0148] If the contention resolution is unsuccessful, the UE reselects RACH transmission resources, performs PRACH transmission, and makes the next random access attempt.

[0149] During the four-step contention RACH process, after msg.1 (preamble) and msg.2 (RAR), multiple UEs may send msg.1 using the same PRACH preamble on the same RACH occasion (i.e., the same time-frequency resources). Consequently, the Temporary C-RNTI (TC-RNTI) in msg.2 may be used by multiple UEs. Therefore, contention resolution is required in msg.3 / 4 to determine a clear C-RNTI for each UE and avoid conflicts.

[0150] The contention resolution mechanism depends on whether the UE already has a C-RNTI:

[0151] If the UE already has a C-RNTI, such as in beam failure recovery, a RACH triggered by a PDCCH order, or a RACH triggered by the MAC / RRC layer, and the PDCCH transmission is scrambled with the C-RNTI and includes a newly transmitted UL grant, the UE sends a C-RNTI MAC CE in msg.3. If the C-RNTI is successfully used to decode the PDCCH, the random access is considered successful. Because the C-RNTI is UE-specific, other UEs are unaware of it and cannot decode the PDCCH.

[0152] If the UE does not have a C-RNTI, it sends a CCCH SDU in msg.3, such as an RRC setupRequest. These CCCH SDUs include the contention resolution identity, and the UE successfully decodes the PDCCH in msg.4 using the TC-RNTI:

[0153] -If the Contention Resolution Identify MAC CE in msg.4 can be successfully decoded, and the Identity in the MAC CE is consistent with the one sent by the UE in msg.3, the UE will consider the RACH process successful and officially convert the TC-RNTI to C-RNTI.

[0154] Otherwise, the terminal discards the TC-RNTI, considers contention resolution to have failed, and discards the decoded MAC PDU.

[0155] 2)Message 1-4

[0156] Msg1:

[0157] After random access resource configuration, the selected preamble is sent on the selected PRACH occasion. This preamble is Msg1. The RA-RNTI is calculated based on the selected PRACH occasion. Each PRACH occasion has a unique RA-RNTI. When receiving Msg2, the UE must also monitor the PDCCH scrambled with its own RA-RNTI to confirm that the RAR is intended for it.

[0158] Calculate the PRACH transmit power using the following formula:

[0159] PPRACH=min{PCMAX, PPRACHtarget+PL} [dBm] (2)

[0160] Where PCMAX is the maximum output power that the UE can be configured with.

[0161] PPRACHtarget is calculated as follows:

[0162] PPRACHtarget=preambleReceivedTargetPower+Delta_Preamble+(Preamble_Transmission_Counter–1)*powerRampingStep(3)

[0163] Among them, preambleReceivedTargetPower (in RACH-ConfigGeneric) is the target received power of the base station; powerRampingStep (in RACH-ConfigGeneric) is the PRACH power boost step; Delta_Preamble is the power adjustment amount for different preamble sequence formats.

[0164] Msg2:

[0165] Msg2 is the RAR message. After sending Msg1, the UE will monitor the PDCCH within a window. The PDCCH will then indicate the location of the PDSCH, which contains the RAR.

[0166] A RAR is a MAC PDU, which consists of several MAC subPDUs and possible padding. Each MAC subPDU has the following three conditions:

[0167] - only the MAC subheader with a backoff time indication;

[0168] - A MAC subheader containing only RAPID (i.e., an acknowledgement of the SI request);

[0169] - MAC subtitles with RAPID and MAC RAR.

[0170] The backoff indicator field size is 4 bits, and is used to indicate the backoff time after Msg2 reception fails. The UE selects a time within the backoff time to resend Msg1.

[0171] The RAPID (Random Access Preamble IDentifier) ​​field size is 6 bits.

[0172] The contents of a MAC RAR file include at least one of the following:

[0173] R: The field size is 1 bit, which is reserved and usually set to "0".

[0174] Timing Advance Command: used to tell the UE the timing advance information, a total of 12 bits;

[0175] Uplink Grant: 27 bits in total, used to indicate the PUSCH occupied by the subsequent Msg3 transmission.

[0176] RAR uplink grant information (RAR UL grant), used to schedule the PUSCH transmission of Msg3;

[0177] Temporary C-RNTI is a temporary C-RNTI assigned to the UE by the network. A UE that is not in the CONNECTED state does not have a C-RNTI, so the network needs to assign a temporary C-RNTI to the UE. If random access is successful, this temporary C-RNTI will be upgraded to the real C-RNTI later. It has a total of 16 bits.

[0178] Msg3:

[0179] Msg3 is the third message in the random access process. For random access not in the CONNECTED state, Msg3 is mainly configured by higher layers. For random access in the CONNECTED state, Msg3 mainly contains the C-RNTI.

[0180] For initial access in IDLE state, Msg3 mainly contains RRC setup request (RRC SetupRequest).

[0181] RRC connection reestablishment, Msg3 mainly contains RRC reestablishment request (RRC ReestablishmentRequest).

[0182] SI request (SI request), Msg3 mainly includes RRC system information request (RRC SystemInfoRequest).

[0183] Cell handover, Msg3 mainly includes RRC reconfiguration completion (RRC Reconfiguration Complete).

[0184] To restore access in the INACTIVE state, Msg3 mainly contains the RRC establishment request (RRC Resume Request).

[0185] For other random access in the CONNECTED state, such as uplink desynchronization and scheduling resource request when sending uplink data, Msg3 must include the UE's existing C-RNT.

[0186] In general, Msg3 must contain a unique identifier of the UE itself, whether this unique identifier is C-RNTI or other configuration from a higher layer, so that this unique identifier can be used for contention resolution.

[0187] Msg4:

[0188] When the UE sends Msg3, it starts a retransmission-contention timer (ra-ContentionResolutionTimer) and resets it when the Msg3 is retransmitted for HARQ. The UE continues to monitor the PDCCH until the timer expires or is stopped. If the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer expires, the UE discards the TC-RNTI and considers contention resolution to have failed.

[0189] The RAR is sent in message 2 for both contention-based and non-contention-based random access. The UE monitors the RAR corresponding to the RA-RNTI within the RAR window.

[0190] Because contention-based random access can cause UEs to send the same preamble on the same PRACH resources, after receiving message 2, the UE must send message 3 based on the UL grant in message 2. Message 3 carries the UE's identifier, and a contention resolution timer is started when message 3 is sent. If the UE receives message 4 from the base station before the contention resolution timer expires, contention resolution is successful. Message 4 carries the base station's UE identifier. The UE uses the UE identifier in message 4 to determine whether it is its own message 4 and, therefore, whether contention resolution has been successful.

[0191] Msg5:

[0192] Msg5 refers to the fifth message of the random access process, such as the RRC connection setup complete message (RRC Connection setup complete (Service request)).

[0193] Two-step random access (2-step RA random access):

[0194] NR Rel-16 introduced a two-step RA process to reduce access latency. The RA process consists of two steps: the terminal sends Message A to the network and then receives Message B from the network. Message A includes the functions of Message 1 or Message 1 and Message 3, and Message B includes the functions of Message 2 or Message 2 and Message 4.

[0195] Referring to Figure 8, a flowchart for two-step random access is shown. As shown in Figure 8, the first step is for the UE to send a MsgA to the network. The MsgA consists of a MsgA preamble and a MsgA PUSCH. The preamble is sent on the Ro for 2-step RACH, and the PUSCH is sent on the MsgA PUSCH resources associated with the MsgA preamble and Ro. MsgA PUSCH resources are a set of PUSCH resources configured for each PRACH slot, including time-frequency resources and DMRS resources.

[0196] After receiving MsgA, the network sends MsgB to the UE.

[0197] If the UE does not receive MsgB within a certain period of time, the UE will increment the counter that counts the number of times MsgA has been sent and resend MsgA. If the counter that counts the number of times MsgA has been sent reaches a certain threshold, the UE will switch from the 2-step random access process to the 4-step random access process.

[0198] 9 and 10 show a schematic diagram of a random access fallback process. The main process of falling back from 2-step RA to 4-step RA is as follows:

[0199] 1. The UE sends MsgA (MsgA PRACH + MsgA PUSCH) to the network side.

[0200] 2. After receiving MsgA, the network sends MsgB to the UE.

[0201] If the UE receives a MsgB containing a FallbackRAR that matches the PRACH message sent in MsgA, the UE retrieves the data from the MsgA buffer and stores it in the Msg3 buffer. The UE then sends Msg3 to the network for contention resolution.

[0202] 11, a flow chart of a new two-step random access is shown. As shown in FIG11, the new two-step random access (2-Step RACH) mainly includes the following steps:

[0203] Step 0: The network side configures the UE with new two-step random access configuration information, such as the sending resource information corresponding to MsgA and MsgB.

[0204] Step 1: The UE triggers the 2-step RACH process and sends a request message (MsgA) to the network, such as via the PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel). The UE may also send a PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) message to the network.

[0205] Step 2: After sending MsgA, the UE monitors the reception of MsgB within a period of time (Random Access Response window, RAR window). If the UE fails to receive MsgB, the UE resends MsgA.

[0206] For a connected UE, when a 2-step RACH is triggered due to "uplink data arrival and uplink desynchronization", after the network side successfully receives MsgA, it will send MsgB. For the transmission of this MsgB, the network side schedules the transmission of a downlink PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) through the C-RNTI (Cell Radio Network Temporary Identity) PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel). The PDSCH will contain the UE's absolute uplink timing MAC CE (MAC Control Element), that is, an absolute timing high-level command MAC CE, which is used for the UE's uplink synchronization.

[0207] The transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below through some embodiments and their application scenarios in combination with the accompanying drawings.

[0208] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, which is applied to a target IoT device. Referring to FIG. 12 , a flow chart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in FIG. 12 , the method may specifically include:

[0209] Step 101: A target IoT device receives a first downlink message sent by a first device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process.

[0210] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0211] identification information of the at least one IoT device, wherein the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes the identification information of the target IoT device;

[0212] Paging reason;

[0213] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0214] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0215] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0216] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0217] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0218] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0219] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0220] It should be noted that the IoT device in the embodiments of the present application can be an A-IoT device or other IoT device. The target IoT device is the IoT device that the first device pages. The first device includes one or more of a core network device, an access network device, a terminal device, and a reader.

[0221] The first indication is a backoff indicator, which is used to indicate the backoff time after the retransmission timer times out or the second downlink message fails to be received. The A-IoT device selects a time within this backoff time to resend data, such as the first uplink message.

[0222] The identification information of the target IoT device is used to identify a target A-IoT device or a group of target A-IoT devices. For example, the identification information can uniquely identify the A-IoT device within the first network. Alternatively, the identification information of the target A-IoT device may include the category information or partial identification information of the A-IoT device, thereby indicating a group of A-IoT devices by matching the identification information.

[0223] Optionally, the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0224] First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity identifier of the IoT device;

[0225] Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two IoT devices.

[0226] The paging reason is used to indicate the reason why the first device requires the target IoT device to access.

[0227] Optionally, when the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following:

[0228] Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device;

[0229] Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

[0230] Optionally, the type of random access includes at least one of the following:

[0231] Contention-based random access or four-step random access;

[0232] Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

[0233] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0234] Transmitting data via the control plane, i.e. including the data to be transmitted in the RRC or MAC message;

[0235] Transmit data via the user plane;

[0236] Transmitting data during random access, such as sending data via Msg1, Msg3, Msg5, etc. during contention-free access or two-step access;

[0237] The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0238] The random access process of the target IoT device is completed;

[0239] The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device;

[0240] The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

[0241] Optionally, the retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0242] Time domain resources;

[0243] Frequency domain resources.

[0244] Among them, time domain resources (TDM resources) or frequency domain resources (FDM resources) may include access time, frequency, channel, etc.

[0245] Optionally, the security information includes at least one of the following:

[0246] Security algorithm;

[0247] Key;

[0248] An authentication instruction, where the authentication instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device;

[0249] The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

[0250] The security verification information is the verification result based on the security algorithm or key calculation.

[0251] The embodiment of the present application improves the signaling interaction process of IoT devices, redefines the interactive signaling of IoT devices, and supports more functions in signaling interaction, such as access control, secure transmission control, retransmission control, etc.; if the first device pages the IoT device, the transmission method provided by the present application can support contention-free access of physical network devices, reducing the number of signaling interactions.

[0252] It should be noted that the identification information of the target IoT device is associated with access process information, paging reason, data transmission mode, security information, access resource configuration information, retransmission resource configuration information, etc.

[0253] In one embodiment of the present application, the first downlink message is used to instruct a target A-IoT device to initiate an access process. The target A-IoT device identification information can uniquely identify the A-IoT device within the first network. In this way, the access resource configuration is used for the target A-IoT device to access, avoiding access conflicts.

[0254] In another embodiment of the present application, the first downlink message is used to instruct multiple or a group of target A-IoT devices to initiate an access process. The first downlink message may include multiple sets of information, for example, each set of information includes identification information of a target A-IoT device and corresponding access resource configuration. The access resource configuration corresponding to each target A-IoT device is different, thereby avoiding access conflicts.

[0255] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0256] The target IoT device sends a first uplink message to the first device in response to the first downlink message.

[0257] The first uplink message includes at least one of the following:

[0258] paging response;

[0259] Inventory results;

[0260] Target business data;

[0261] Security verification information, that is, the verification result based on the security algorithm or key calculation.

[0262] The target business data is the business data that the target IoT device needs to transmit. Furthermore, the business data may carry an Electronic Product Code (EPC) or other identification information.

[0263] Optionally, the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following:

[0264] the first uplink message;

[0265] Paging response message;

[0266] Response message used to report inventory results;

[0267] The first message Msg1 in the random access process;

[0268] The third message Msg3 in the random access process;

[0269] The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

[0270] After the A-IoT device sends the first uplink message to the first device, the A-IoT device starts the retransmission timer. The time control information in the first uplink message can be the timing duration of the retransmission timer, or it can be the counting method of the counter. A-IoT determines the retransmission timing based on the count value of the counter. Optionally, the time control information includes the counting threshold of the counter and / or the timing duration of the retransmission timer; after the target IoT device sends the first uplink message, the counter counts every time an access opportunity passes or every time the target IoT device receives a downlink excitation signal. When the number of counts of the counter is greater than or equal to the counting threshold, or the value of the retransmission timer is greater than or equal to the timing duration, the target IoT device starts retransmission.

[0271] In an optional embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0272] The target IoT device receives the second downlink message sent by the first device.

[0273] The second downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0274] A third indication, the third indication being used to indicate success or failure of data transmission of the target IoT device;

[0275] a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission;

[0276] A fifth instruction, wherein the fifth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection;

[0277] A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data;

[0278] A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data;

[0279] Retransmit resource configuration information;

[0280] Access resource configuration information.

[0281] In one possible application scenario, the first uplink message may fail to be sent, for example, due to an uplink transmission conflict. The first device may send a retransmission request to instruct the A-IoT device to retransmit the first uplink message. In one embodiment, the second downlink message may be the same as the first downlink message.

[0282] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0283] The target IoT device retransmits data when the second condition is met.

[0284] The second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0285] The value of the retransmission timer meets the timing condition;

[0286] The target IoT device does not receive the second downlink message;

[0287] The target Internet of Things device receives the second downlink message, and the second downlink message carries the seventh indication or the third indication.

[0288] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0289] The target Internet of Things device determines a random access resource for sending or retransmitting data based on the first information.

[0290] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0291] The backoff time configured for the first downlink message;

[0292] The access resource configuration information carried in the first downlink message.

[0293] For an active device, the first downlink message may be a system message, a paging message, a select message, or the like; the first uplink message may be a data transmission initiated by the A-IoT device, or a response to a paging message.

[0294] For a passive device, the first downlink message may be a paging message, a select message, etc. The first uplink message is a response to the first downlink message.

[0295] Based on the above embodiment, the first downlink message or the second downlink message may include target resources, such as access resource configuration, retransmission resource configuration, etc.

[0296] For passive devices or backscatter-based A-IoT devices, uplink data transmission needs to be performed on the target resource, such as sending the first uplink message.

[0297] Optionally, the target IoT device includes a passive device or an IoT device based on backscatter transmission; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries second information, where the second information is used to indicate an access opportunity; and the method further includes:

[0298] Step S11: The target IoT device determines a target access timing according to the second information;

[0299] Step S12: The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission at the target access timing.

[0300] Optionally, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0301] Target access timing;

[0302] Target backoff time.

[0303] The target access opportunity in the second information may be a target access opportunity identifier, which is used to identify the access opportunity. For example, the target access opportunity identifier indicates the access opportunity number. Each access opportunity corresponds to an excitation signal sent by the network. The A-IoT device backscatters the excitation signal sent by the network at the target access opportunity.

[0304] The A-IoT device can randomly select a backoff time as the target backoff time under a uniform distribution between 0 and the backoff time, for example, in {0, ..., 2 目标BI A value is randomly selected from the values ​​of [0, 1] and [2] as the backoff time. The target backoff time corresponds to a target access opportunity. The A-IoT device backscatters the excitation signal sent by the network at the target access opportunity.

[0305] Optionally, the target IoT device performing uplink data transmission at the target access timing includes:

[0306] Step S21: The target IoT device starts a counter based on the target access opportunity; the counter is used to control the waiting time;

[0307] Step S22: The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter meets the waiting time.

[0308] After determining the target access timing, the target IoT device can start a counter to record the waiting time between the current and target access timings.

[0309] Optionally, the count value of the counter satisfies at least one of the following:

[0310] Each time an uplink transmission opportunity passes, the count value of the counter is increased by 1 or decreased by 1;

[0311] Each time the target IoT device receives a downlink command sent by the first device, the count value of the counter is increased or decreased by 1.

[0312] For example, the initial count value of the counter can be initialized to the number of access opportunities to be waited between the current access opportunity and the target access opportunity, N. The count value is reduced by 1 after each uplink transmission opportunity. When the count value is reduced to 0, the A-IoT device performs backscattering at the target access opportunity based on the excitation signal sent by the network.

[0313] Alternatively, the target IoT device adds 1 to or subtracts 1 from the count value of the counter based on the received downlink command from the first device.

[0314] Alternatively, the target IoT device calculates the number of uplink transmission opportunities to be waited for based on an uplink pattern, and then initializes a counter based on the number of uplink transmission opportunities to be waited for. The first device may provide a downlink command or stimulus for each uplink transmission opportunity, and the IoT device increments or decrements the counter value by 1 each time it receives a downlink command or stimulus.

[0315] Optionally, when the target Internet of Things device supports backscatter transmission in a time division multiplexing mode of X time slots each time, the target Internet of Things device performs uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter satisfies the waiting time, including:

[0316] The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter is equal to X; X is an integer greater than 1.

[0317] Assume that an excitation signal supports uplink reflections of X slots, where X is the number of time slots per TDM period. The target IoT device can increment or decrement its counter based on the downlink command from the first device. For example, the initial value of the counter can be set to a number greater than X, and the counter value can be decremented by 1 each time a downlink command or excitation signal is received. The target IoT device can then prepare to transmit when the value reaches <= X.

[0318] The embodiment of the present application controls the uplink transmission timing of the passive device, thereby avoiding access conflicts of multiple passive IoT devices.

[0319] Optionally, the target IoT device includes an active device; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries third information, and the third information is used to indicate an uplink transmission timing; and the method further includes:

[0320] Step S31: The target IoT device determines an uplink transmission timing according to the third information;

[0321] Step S32: The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission based on the uplink transmission opportunity.

[0322] The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0323] Waiting time;

[0324] The time slot for uplink transmission;

[0325] Time division multiplexing mode;

[0326] Uplink transmission mode.

[0327] For the active device, the uplink transmission timing may be determined according to the third information carried in the first downlink message or the second downlink message.

[0328] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, which improves the signaling interaction process of IoT devices, redefines the interactive signaling of IoT devices, and supports more functions in signaling interaction, such as access control, secure transmission control, retransmission control, etc.; if the first device pages the IoT device, the transmission method provided by the present application can support contention-free access of physical network devices and reduce the number of signaling interactions.

[0329] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another transmission method. Referring to FIG13 , a flow chart of another transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in FIG13 , the method may specifically include:

[0330] Step 201: A first device sends a first downlink message to a target IoT device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process.

[0331] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0332] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0333] Paging reason;

[0334] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0335] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0336] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0337] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0338] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0339] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0340] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0341] In an embodiment of the present application, the first device can perform access control, secure transmission control, retransmission control, etc. on the IoT device through the first downlink message, thereby reducing the number of signaling interactions.

[0342] Optionally, the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0343] First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity identifier of the IoT device;

[0344] Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two IoT devices.

[0345] Optionally, when the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following:

[0346] Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device;

[0347] Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

[0348] Optionally, the type of random access includes at least one of the following:

[0349] Contention-based random access or four-step random access;

[0350] Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

[0351] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0352] Transmit data through the control plane;

[0353] Transmit data via the user plane;

[0354] Transmitting data during random access;

[0355] The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0356] The random access process of the target IoT device is completed;

[0357] The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device;

[0358] The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

[0359] Optionally, the retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0360] Time domain resources;

[0361] Frequency domain resources.

[0362] Optionally, the security information includes at least one of the following:

[0363] Security algorithm;

[0364] Key;

[0365] An authentication instruction, where the authentication instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device;

[0366] The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

[0367] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0368] The first device receives a first uplink message sent by the Internet of Things device;

[0369] The first uplink message includes at least one of the following:

[0370] paging response;

[0371] Inventory results;

[0372] Target business data;

[0373] Security verification information.

[0374] Optionally, the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following:

[0375] the first uplink message;

[0376] Paging response message;

[0377] Response message used to report inventory results;

[0378] The first message Msg1 in the random access process;

[0379] The third message Msg3 in the random access process;

[0380] The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

[0381] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0382] The first device sends a second downlink message to the target Internet of Things device;

[0383] The second downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0384] A third indication, the third indication being used to indicate success or failure of data transmission of the target IoT device;

[0385] a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission;

[0386] A fifth instruction, wherein the fifth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection;

[0387] A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data;

[0388] A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data;

[0389] Retransmit resource configuration information;

[0390] Access resource configuration information.

[0391] Optionally, the first device includes at least one of the following:

[0392] Core network equipment;

[0393] Access network equipment;

[0394] User terminal equipment;

[0395] An electronic device with reading and writing capabilities.

[0396] In summary, the embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, which improves the signaling interaction process of IoT devices, redefines the interactive signaling of IoT devices, and supports more functions in signaling interaction, such as access control, secure transmission control, retransmission control, etc.; if the first device pages the IoT device, the transmission method provided by the present application can support contention-free access of physical network devices and reduce the number of signaling interactions.

[0397] The transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a transmission device. In the embodiment of the present application, the transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking the transmission method executed by the transmission device as an example.

[0398] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission device. Referring to FIG14 , a structural block diagram of a transmission device provided by the present application is shown, which can be applied to an IoT device. As shown in FIG14 , the device may specifically include:

[0399] A first downlink message receiving module 301 is configured to receive a first downlink message sent by a first device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process;

[0400] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0401] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0402] Paging reason;

[0403] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0404] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0405] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0406] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0407] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0408] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0409] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0410] Optionally, the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0411] First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity identifier of the IoT device;

[0412] Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two IoT devices.

[0413] Optionally, when the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following:

[0414] Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device;

[0415] Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

[0416] Optionally, the type of random access includes at least one of the following:

[0417] Contention-based random access or four-step random access;

[0418] Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

[0419] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0420] Transmit data through the control plane;

[0421] Transmit data via the user plane;

[0422] Transmitting data during random access;

[0423] The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0424] The random access process of the target IoT device is completed;

[0425] The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device;

[0426] The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

[0427] Optionally, the retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0428] Time domain resources;

[0429] Frequency domain resources.

[0430] Optionally, the security information includes at least one of the following:

[0431] Security algorithm;

[0432] Key;

[0433] An authentication instruction, where the authentication instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device;

[0434] The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

[0435] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0436] a first uplink message sending module, configured to send a first uplink message to the first device in response to the first downlink message;

[0437] The first uplink message includes at least one of the following:

[0438] paging response;

[0439] Inventory results;

[0440] Target business data;

[0441] Security verification information.

[0442] Optionally, the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following:

[0443] the first uplink message;

[0444] Paging response message;

[0445] Response message used to report inventory results;

[0446] The first message Msg1 in the random access process;

[0447] The third message Msg3 in the random access process;

[0448] The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

[0449] Optionally, the time control information includes a counting threshold of a counter and / or a timing duration of a retransmission timer; after the target IoT device sends the first uplink message, the counter counts every time an access opportunity passes or every time the target IoT device receives a downlink excitation signal.

[0450] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0451] A second downlink message receiving module, configured to receive a second downlink message sent by the first device;

[0452] The second downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0453] A third indication, the third indication being used to indicate success or failure of data transmission of the target IoT device;

[0454] a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission;

[0455] A fifth instruction, wherein the fifth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection;

[0456] A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data;

[0457] A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data;

[0458] Retransmit resource configuration information;

[0459] Access resource configuration information.

[0460] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0461] a data retransmission module, configured to retransmit data when the second condition is met;

[0462] The second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0463] The value of the retransmission timer meets the timing condition;

[0464] The target IoT device does not receive the second downlink message;

[0465] The target Internet of Things device receives the second downlink message, and the second downlink message carries the seventh indication or the third indication.

[0466] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0467] a resource determination module, configured to determine a random access resource for data transmission or retransmission according to the first information;

[0468] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0469] The backoff time configured for the first downlink message;

[0470] The access resource configuration information carried in the first downlink message.

[0471] Optionally, the target IoT device includes a passive device or an IoT device based on backscatter transmission; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries second information, where the second information is used to indicate an access opportunity; and the apparatus further includes:

[0472] an access timing determination module, configured to determine a target access timing according to the second information;

[0473] The first transmission module is configured to transmit uplink data at the target access opportunity.

[0474] Optionally, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0475] Target access timing;

[0476] Target backoff time.

[0477] Optionally, the first transmission module includes:

[0478] A counting submodule, configured to start a counter based on the target access opportunity; the counter is used to control the waiting time;

[0479] The transmission submodule is configured to perform uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter satisfies the waiting time.

[0480] Optionally, the count value of the counter satisfies at least one of the following:

[0481] Each time an uplink transmission opportunity passes, the count value of the counter is increased by 1 or decreased by 1;

[0482] Each time the target IoT device receives a downlink command sent by the first device, the count value of the counter is increased or decreased by 1.

[0483] Optionally, when the target IoT device supports backscatter transmission in a time division multiplexing mode of X time slots each time, the transmission submodule includes:

[0484] The transmission unit is configured to perform uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter is equal to X; X is an integer greater than 1.

[0485] Optionally, the target IoT device includes an active device; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries third information, and the third information is used to indicate an uplink transmission timing; and the apparatus further includes:

[0486] a transmission timing determination module, configured to determine an uplink transmission timing according to the third information;

[0487] A second transmission module, configured to perform uplink data transmission based on the uplink transmission opportunity;

[0488] The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0489] Waiting time;

[0490] The time slot for uplink transmission;

[0491] Time division multiplexing mode;

[0492] Uplink transmission mode.

[0493] The transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 12 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0494] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides another transmission device. Referring to FIG15 , a block diagram of another transmission device provided by the present application is shown, which can be applied to the first device. As shown in FIG15 , the device may specifically include:

[0495] A first downlink message sending module 401 is configured to send a first downlink message to a target IoT device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process;

[0496] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0497] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0498] Paging reason;

[0499] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0500] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0501] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0502] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0503] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0504] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0505] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0506] Optionally, the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0507] First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity identifier of the IoT device;

[0508] Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two IoT devices.

[0509] Optionally, when the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following:

[0510] Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device;

[0511] Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

[0512] Optionally, the type of random access includes at least one of the following:

[0513] Contention-based random access or four-step random access;

[0514] Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

[0515] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0516] Transmit data through the control plane;

[0517] Transmit data via the user plane;

[0518] Transmitting data during random access;

[0519] The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0520] The random access process of the target IoT device is completed;

[0521] The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device;

[0522] The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

[0523] Optionally, the retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0524] Time domain resources;

[0525] Frequency domain resources.

[0526] Optionally, the security information includes at least one of the following:

[0527] Security algorithm;

[0528] Key;

[0529] An authentication instruction, where the authentication instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device;

[0530] The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

[0531] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0532] The first device receives a first uplink message sent by the target Internet of Things device;

[0533] The first uplink message includes at least one of the following:

[0534] paging response;

[0535] Inventory results;

[0536] Target business data;

[0537] Security verification information.

[0538] Optionally, the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following:

[0539] the first uplink message;

[0540] Paging response message;

[0541] Response message used to report inventory results;

[0542] The first message Msg1 in the random access process;

[0543] The third message Msg3 in the random access process;

[0544] The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

[0545] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0546] A second downlink message sending module, configured to send a second downlink message to the target IoT device;

[0547] The second downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0548] A third indication, the third indication being used to indicate success or failure of data transmission of the target IoT device;

[0549] a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission;

[0550] A fifth instruction, wherein the fifth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection;

[0551] A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data;

[0552] A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data;

[0553] Retransmit resource configuration information;

[0554] Access resource configuration information.

[0555] Optionally, the first device includes at least one of the following:

[0556] Core network equipment;

[0557] Access network equipment;

[0558] User terminal equipment;

[0559] An electronic device with reading and writing capabilities.

[0560] The transmission device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal device. For example, the terminal device can include but is not limited to the types of terminal devices 11 listed above.

[0561] The transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 13 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0562] Optionally, as shown in FIG16 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 900, comprising a processor 901 and a memory 902, wherein the memory 902 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 901. For example, when the communication device 900 is a network-side device, the program or instruction, when executed by the processor 901, implements the various steps of the transmission method embodiment described in the first aspect above, and can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 900 is a terminal device, the program or instruction, when executed by the processor 901, implements the various steps of the transmission method embodiment described in the first or second aspect above, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they are not described here.

[0563] As shown in FIG17 , it is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal device implementing an embodiment of the present application.

[0564] The terminal device 1000 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 1001, a network module 1002, an audio output unit 1003, an input unit 1004, a sensor 1005, a display unit 1006, a user input unit 1007, an interface unit 1008, a memory 1009 and at least some of the components of the processor 1010.

[0565] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal device 1000 may further include a power source (such as a battery) for powering various components. The power source may be logically connected to the processor 1010 via a power management system, thereby enabling the power management system to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption. The terminal device structure shown in FIG17 does not limit the terminal device. The terminal device may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be described in detail here.

[0566] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 1004 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 10041 and a microphone 10042, and the graphics processor 10041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 1006 may include a display panel 10061, and the display panel 10061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 1007 includes a touch panel 10071 and at least one of other input devices 10072. The touch panel 10071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 10071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 10072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and an operating stick, which will not be repeated here.

[0567] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the RF unit 1001 may transmit the data to the processor 1010 for processing. Furthermore, the RF unit 1001 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the RF unit 1001 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0568] The memory 1009 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1009 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.). In addition, the memory 1009 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory 1009 may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 1009 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0569] Processor 1010 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 1010 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 1010.

[0570] In an optional embodiment of the application, the terminal device is an Internet of Things device, which is used to implement the various steps of the transmission method embodiment described in the first aspect above.

[0571] The radio frequency unit 1001 is configured to receive a first downlink message sent by a first device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process;

[0572] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0573] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0574] Paging reason;

[0575] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0576] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0577] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0578] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0579] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0580] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0581] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0582] Optionally, the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0583] First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity identifier of the IoT device;

[0584] Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two IoT devices.

[0585] Optionally, when the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following:

[0586] Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device;

[0587] Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

[0588] Optionally, the type of random access includes at least one of the following:

[0589] Contention-based random access or four-step random access;

[0590] Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

[0591] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0592] Transmit data through the control plane;

[0593] Transmit data via the user plane;

[0594] Transmitting data during random access;

[0595] The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0596] The random access process of the target IoT device is completed;

[0597] The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device;

[0598] The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

[0599] Optionally, the retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0600] Time domain resources;

[0601] Frequency domain resources.

[0602] Optionally, the security information includes at least one of the following:

[0603] Security algorithm;

[0604] Key;

[0605] An authentication instruction, where the authentication instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device;

[0606] The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

[0607] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is further configured to send a first uplink message to the first device in response to the first downlink message;

[0608] The first uplink message includes at least one of the following:

[0609] paging response;

[0610] Inventory results;

[0611] Target business data;

[0612] Security verification information.

[0613] Optionally, the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following:

[0614] the first uplink message;

[0615] Paging response message;

[0616] Response message used to report inventory results;

[0617] The first message Msg1 in the random access process;

[0618] The third message Msg3 in the random access process;

[0619] The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

[0620] Optionally, the time control information includes a counting threshold of a counter and / or a timing duration of a retransmission timer; after the target IoT device sends the first uplink message, the counter counts every time an access opportunity passes or every time the target IoT device receives a downlink excitation signal.

[0621] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is further configured to receive a second downlink message sent by the first device;

[0622] The second downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0623] A third indication, the third indication being used to indicate success or failure of data transmission of the target IoT device;

[0624] a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission;

[0625] A fifth instruction, wherein the fifth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection;

[0626] A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data;

[0627] A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data;

[0628] Retransmit resource configuration information;

[0629] Access resource configuration information.

[0630] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is further configured to retransmit data when a second condition is met;

[0631] The second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0632] The value of the retransmission timer meets the timing condition;

[0633] The IoT device does not receive the second downlink message;

[0634] The Internet of Things device receives the second downlink message, and the second downlink message carries the seventh indication or the third indication.

[0635] Optionally, the processor 1010 is configured to determine, according to the first information, a random access resource for data transmission or retransmission;

[0636] The first information includes at least one of the following:

[0637] The backoff time configured for the first downlink message;

[0638] The access resource configuration information carried in the first downlink message.

[0639] Optionally, the target IoT device includes a passive device or an IoT device based on backscatter transmission; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries second information, where the second information is used to indicate an access timing; and the processor 1010 is further configured to determine a target access timing according to the second information;

[0640] The radio frequency unit 1001 is configured to perform uplink data transmission at the target access opportunity.

[0641] Optionally, the second information includes at least one of the following:

[0642] Target access timing;

[0643] Target backoff time.

[0644] Optionally, the processor 1010 is specifically configured to: start a counter based on the target access opportunity; the counter is used to control the waiting time;

[0645] The radio frequency unit 1001 is specifically configured to perform uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter meets the waiting time.

[0646] Optionally, the count value of the counter satisfies at least one of the following:

[0647] Each time an uplink transmission opportunity passes, the count value of the counter is increased by 1 or decreased by 1;

[0648] Each time the target IoT device receives a downlink command sent by the first device, the count value of the counter is increased or decreased by 1.

[0649] Optionally, when the Internet of Things device supports backscatter transmission in a time division multiplexing mode of X time slots each time, the radio frequency unit 1001 is specifically configured to:

[0650] When the count value of the counter is equal to X, uplink data transmission is performed; X is an integer greater than 1.

[0651] Optionally, the target IoT device includes an active device; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries third information, where the third information is used to indicate an uplink transmission timing; and the processor 1010 is further configured to determine the uplink transmission timing according to the third information;

[0652] The radio frequency unit 1001 is configured to perform uplink data transmission based on the uplink transmission opportunity;

[0653] The third information includes at least one of the following:

[0654] Waiting time;

[0655] The time slot for uplink transmission;

[0656] Time division multiplexing mode;

[0657] Uplink transmission mode.

[0658] In another optional embodiment of the application, the terminal device is the first device in this application, which is used to implement the various steps of the transmission method embodiment as described in the second aspect above.

[0659] The radio frequency unit 1001 is used to send a first downlink message to the target IoT device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct the target IoT device to initiate a random access process;

[0660] The first downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0661] identification information of the at least one IoT device;

[0662] Paging reason;

[0663] Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device;

[0664] Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate the data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device;

[0665] Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0666] Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device;

[0667] retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device;

[0668] Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmitted data;

[0669] A first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

[0670] Optionally, the identification information of the at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following:

[0671] First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity identifier of the IoT device;

[0672] Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two IoT devices.

[0673] Optionally, when the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following:

[0674] Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device;

[0675] Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

[0676] Optionally, the type of random access includes at least one of the following:

[0677] Contention-based random access or four-step random access;

[0678] Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

[0679] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0680] Transmit data through the control plane;

[0681] Transmit data via the user plane;

[0682] Transmitting data during random access;

[0683] The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0684] The random access process of the target IoT device is completed;

[0685] The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device;

[0686] The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

[0687] Optionally, the retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following:

[0688] Time domain resources;

[0689] Frequency domain resources.

[0690] Optionally, the security information includes at least one of the following:

[0691] Security algorithm;

[0692] Key;

[0693] An authentication instruction, where the authentication instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device;

[0694] The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

[0695] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is further configured to receive a first uplink message sent by the target IoT device;

[0696] The first uplink message includes at least one of the following:

[0697] paging response;

[0698] Inventory results;

[0699] Target data;

[0700] Security verification information.

[0701] Optionally, the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following:

[0702] the first uplink message;

[0703] Paging response message;

[0704] Response message used to report inventory results;

[0705] The first message Msg1 in the random access process;

[0706] The third message Msg3 in the random access process;

[0707] The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

[0708] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1001 is further configured to send a second downlink message to the target IoT device;

[0709] The second downlink message includes at least one of the following:

[0710] A third indication, the third indication being used to indicate success or failure of data transmission of the target IoT device;

[0711] a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission;

[0712] A fifth instruction, wherein the fifth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection;

[0713] A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data;

[0714] A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data;

[0715] Retransmit resource configuration information;

[0716] Access resource configuration information.

[0717] Optionally, the first device includes at least one of the following:

[0718] Core network equipment;

[0719] Access network equipment;

[0720] User terminal equipment;

[0721] An electronic device with reading and writing capabilities.

[0722] The present application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in FIG13 . This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned network-side device method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the aforementioned method embodiment are applicable to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0723] Specifically, an embodiment of the present application further provides a network-side device. As shown in FIG18 , the network-side device 1100 includes an antenna 111, a radio frequency device 112, a baseband device 113, a processor 114, and a memory 115. Antenna 111 is connected to radio frequency device 112. In the uplink direction, radio frequency device 112 receives information via antenna 111 and sends the received information to baseband device 113 for processing. In the downlink direction, baseband device 113 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to radio frequency device 112. Radio frequency device 112 processes the received information and then sends it through antenna 111.

[0724] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 113 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0725] The baseband device 113 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 18, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 115 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 115 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0726] The network side device may further include a network interface 116, which is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0727] Specifically, the network side device 1100 of an embodiment of the present invention also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 115 and executable on the processor 114. The processor 114 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 115 to execute the methods of execution of each module shown in FIG15 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0728] The embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device. As shown in FIG19 , the network side device 1200 includes: a processor 1201, a network interface 1202, and a memory 1203. The network interface 1202 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0729] Specifically, the network side device 1200 of an embodiment of the present invention also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1203 and executable on the processor 1201. The processor 1201 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1203 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in FIG15 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be elaborated here.

[0730] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0731] The processor is the processor in the terminal device described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0732] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0733] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0734] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0735] An embodiment of the present application also provides a transmission system, including: a terminal device and a network side device, wherein the terminal can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method described in the second aspect above, and the network side device can be used to execute the steps of the transmission method described in the first aspect above.

[0736] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the statement "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0737] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0738] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, all of which are within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A transmission method, wherein: The method comprises: The target Internet of Things device receives a first downlink message sent by the first device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one Internet of Things device to initiate a random access process; The first downlink message includes at least one of the following: identification information of the at least one IoT device; Paging reason; Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device; Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate a data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device; Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device; retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmission data; A first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The identification information of at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following: First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity of the IoT device; Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two Internet of Things devices.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: In the case where the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following: Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device; Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The type of random access includes at least one of the following: Contention-based random access or four-step random access; Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The data transmission method includes at least one of the following: Transmit data through the control plane; Transmit data via the user plane; Transmitting data during random access; The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following: The random access process of the target IoT device is completed; The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device; The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following: Time domain resources; Frequency domain resources.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: The security information includes at least one of the following: Security algorithm; Key; An authentication indication, where the authentication indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device; The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The method further comprises: The target IoT device sends a first uplink message to the first device in response to the first downlink message; The first uplink message includes at least one of the following: paging response; Inventory results; Target business data; Security verification information.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following: the first uplink message; Paging response message; Response message used to report inventory results; The first message Msg1 in the random access process; The third message Msg3 in the random access process; The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein: The time control information includes a counting threshold of a counter and / or a timing duration of a retransmission timer; after the target IoT device sends the first uplink message, the counter counts each time an access opportunity passes or each time the target IoT device receives a downlink excitation signal.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The method further comprises: The target Internet of Things device receives a second downlink message sent by the first device; The second downlink message includes at least one of the following: A third indication, the third indication is used to indicate whether data transmission of the target IoT device is successful or failed; a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission; A fifth indication, wherein the fifth indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection; A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data; A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data; Retransmit resource configuration information; Access resource configuration information.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The method further comprises: The target IoT device retransmits data when the second condition is met; The second condition includes at least one of the following: The value of the retransmission timer meets the timing condition; The target IoT device does not receive the second downlink message; The target Internet of Things device receives the second downlink message, and the second downlink message carries the seventh indication or the third indication.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The method further comprises: The target Internet of Things device determines a random access resource for data transmission or retransmission according to the first information; The first information includes at least one of the following: The backoff time configured by the first downlink message; The access resource configuration information carried in the first downlink message.

14. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The target IoT device includes a passive device or an IoT device based on backscatter transmission; The first downlink message or the second downlink message carries second information, where the second information is used to indicate an access opportunity; and the method further includes: The target Internet of Things device determines a target access timing according to the second information; The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission at the target access timing.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The second information includes at least one of the following: Target access timing; Target backoff time.

16. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission at the target access timing, including: The target IoT device starts a counter based on the target access opportunity; the counter is used to control the waiting time; The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter meets the waiting time.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein: The count value of the counter satisfies at least one of the following: Each time an uplink transmission opportunity passes, the count value of the counter is increased by 1 or decreased by 1; Each time the target IoT device receives a downlink command sent by the first device, the count value of the counter is increased by 1 or decreased by 1.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein: In a case where the target IoT device supports backscatter transmission in a time division multiplexing mode of X time slots each time, the target IoT device performs uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter satisfies the waiting time, including: The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission when the count value of the counter is equal to X; X is an integer greater than 1.

19. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The target IoT device includes an active device; the first downlink message or the second downlink message carries third information, and the third information is used to indicate an uplink transmission timing; The method further comprises: The target IoT device determines an uplink transmission timing according to the third information; The target IoT device performs uplink data transmission based on the uplink transmission opportunity; The third information includes at least one of the following: Waiting time; The time slot for uplink transmission; Time division multiplexing method; Uplink transmission mode.

20. A transmission method, wherein: The method comprises: The first device sends a first downlink message to the target Internet of Things device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one Internet of Things device to initiate a random access process; The first downlink message includes at least one of the following: identification information of the at least one IoT device; Paging reason; Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device; Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate a data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device; Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device; retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmission data; A first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The identification information of at least one IoT device includes at least one of the following: First identification information of at least one IoT device, where the first identification information is a unique identity of the IoT device; Second identification information, where the second identification information is used to indicate at least two Internet of Things devices.

22. The method according to claim 20, wherein: In the case where the first downlink message is a paging message, the paging cause includes at least one of the following: Inventory, indicating that the first device performs an inventory on the target IoT device; Data reading and writing indicates that the first device reads and writes data to the target IoT device.

23. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The type of random access includes at least one of the following: Contention-based random access or four-step random access; Contention-free random access or two-step random access.

24. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The data transmission method includes at least one of the following: Transmit data through the control plane; Transmit data via the user plane; Transmitting data during random access; The data is transmitted when a first condition is satisfied; wherein the first condition includes at least one of the following: The random access process of the target IoT device is completed; The first device completes the inventory process of the target IoT device; The target IoT device has established a secure connection with the first device or the target IoT device has been configured with the security information.

25. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The retransmission resource configuration information or the access resource configuration information includes at least one of the following: Time domain resources; Frequency domain resources.

26. The method according to claim 20 or 24, wherein: The security information includes at least one of the following: Security algorithm; Key; An authentication indication, where the authentication indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to authenticate the first device, and / or is used to instruct the first device to authenticate the target IoT device; The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information.

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device receives a first uplink message sent by the target IoT device; The first uplink message includes at least one of the following: paging response; Inventory results; Target business data; Security verification information.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein: The second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information, including: the second indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to report security verification information in a response message; wherein the response message includes at least one of the following: the first uplink message; Paging response message; Response message used to report inventory results; The first message Msg1 in the random access process; The third message Msg3 in the random access process; The fifth message Msg5 in the random access process.

29. The method according to claim 20, wherein: The method further comprises: The first device sends a second downlink message to the target Internet of Things device; The second downlink message includes at least one of the following: A third indication, the third indication is used to indicate whether data transmission of the target IoT device is successful or failed; a fourth indication, the fourth indication being used to indicate completion of data transmission; A fifth indication, wherein the fifth indication is used to instruct the target IoT device to release the connection; A sixth instruction, wherein the sixth instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to send new data; A seventh instruction, wherein the seventh instruction is used to instruct the target IoT device to retransmit data; Retransmit resource configuration information; Access resource configuration information.

30. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 29, wherein: The first device includes at least one of the following: Core network equipment; Access network equipment; User terminal equipment; An electronic device with reading and writing capabilities.

31. A transmission device, wherein: Applied to IoT devices, the device comprises: A first downlink message receiving module, configured to receive a first downlink message sent by a first device, wherein the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process; The first downlink message includes at least one of the following: identification information of the at least one IoT device; Paging reason; Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate a type of random access adopted by the target IoT device; Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate a data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device; Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device; retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmission data; A first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

32. A transmission device, wherein: Applied to a first device, the apparatus comprises: A first downlink message sending module, used to send a first downlink message to a target IoT device, where the first downlink message is used to instruct at least one IoT device to initiate a random access process; The first downlink message includes at least one of the following: identification information of the at least one IoT device; Paging reason; Access process information, where the access process information is used to indicate the type of random access adopted by the target IoT device; Data transmission information, where the data transmission information is used to indicate a data transmission method adopted by the target IoT device; Access resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Time control information, where the time control information is used to indicate a retransmission timing of the target IoT device; retransmission resource configuration information of the target IoT device; Security information, which is used to authenticate the target IoT device and encrypt or decrypt transmission data; A first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a backoff time for the target IoT device to retransmit data.

33. An Internet of Things device, wherein: It comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 19 are implemented.

34. An electronic device, wherein: It comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 20 to 30 are implemented.

35. A readable storage medium, wherein: The readable storage medium stores a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, or implements the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 20 to 30.

36. A chip, wherein: The chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 19, or to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 20 to 30.

37. A computer program product, wherein: The program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the transmission method according to any one of claims 1 to 19, or to implement the steps of the transmission method according to any one of claims 20 to 30.

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