Winding, component for an electric machine, electric machine, electric axle drive, and motor vehicle

Abstract

A component of an electric machine has an annular laminated core with a plurality of grooves for receiving input sections and output sections of partial strands (U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6) of a winding strand (1000) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacently arranged winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10). A first number of winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4) is assigned to a first group (700) and a second number (L5, L6) of winding layers is assigned to a second group (705). On a connection side of the winding (110), a connection section (1013) of a first partial strand (U1r) extending within the first group (700) and a connection section of a second partial strand (U2) extending within the second group (705) each span a first number of grooves. A connection section (1003) of a third partial strand (U3) extending between the first group (700) and the second group (705) spans a second number of grooves.

Description

[0001] Winding, component for an electrical machine, electrical machine, electric axle drive and motor vehicle

[0002] The present invention relates to a winding, a component for an electrical machine, an electrical machine, an electric axle drive and a motor vehicle.

[0003] Electrical machines may include components with windings made of, for example, copper wires for conducting electrical energy to generate magnetic fields.

[0004] Against this background, the present invention provides an improved winding, an improved component for an electric machine, an improved electric machine, an improved electric axle drive, and an improved motor vehicle according to the main claims. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims and the following description.

[0005] The winding presented here advantageously has a compact circuit, which saves axial space.

[0006] A winding is provided for a component of an electrical machine, wherein the component has an annular laminated core with a plurality of slots extending axially through the laminated core for receiving input sections and output sections of partial strands of at least one winding strand of the winding in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. A first number of adjacent winding layers is assigned to a first group and a second number of adjacent winding layers is assigned to a second group. On a connecting side of the winding, a connecting section of a first partial strand running within the first group spans a first number of slots of the laminated core. A connecting section of a second partial strand running within the second group spans the first number of slots of the laminated core.On the connecting side of the winding, a connecting section of a third sub-strand running between the first group and the second group spans a second number of slots of the laminated core that differs from the first number.

[0007] The electrical machine can be, for example, an electric drive or another electrical machine, for example for a vehicle. The electrical machine can comprise various components, such as a rotor and a stator, corresponding to known electric motors. The component, for example an annular stator, can be designed as a laminated core made up of several individual sheets, through which the slots for receiving the partial strands and the bridging partial strand of the winding extend. The slots can be numbered along the circumference of the laminated core so that each slot can be assigned a unique position. A winding strand can be composed of a first wire and a second wire. The first wire can form a first connection pin and a further first connection pin, and the second wire can form a second connection pin and a further second connection pin.The wires can be connected to the winding phase via the further first connection pin and the further second connection pin. The partial phases of a winding phase can represent sections of the winding phase that are arranged in series. An input section of a first partial phase of the plurality of partial phases of a winding phase can form the first connection pin, and an output section of a last partial phase of the plurality of partial phases of the winding phase can form the second connection pin of the winding phase. An electrical voltage can be applied to the winding phase via the connection pins of the winding phase. Each of the slots can accommodate a plurality of partial phases, which can be arranged radially adjacent in the slot. The number of partial phases that can be accommodated by a slot can correspond to a number of winding layers. The winding layers can thus represent different sections of the slots.The winding can, for example, be a embossed and braided winding, a so-called braided winding. Spanning the second number of slots of the laminated core can represent a phase shift. The phase shift can also be referred to as an extended layer jump and / or chord. In a multilayer winding, chord can be described as the shifting of the winding layers. This shift can smooth the excitation curve and thus reduce the harmonics of the induced voltage. The chord can reduce the induced voltage amplitude, which is taken into account by the chord factor.

[0008] The approach presented here can therefore also be understood as a braided winding with tendon and / or as a continuous distributed winding for the electrical machine with tendon.

[0009] The second number can be larger than the first. This can advantageously facilitate the extended layer jump.

[0010] The first number can correspond to a number of exactly seven or at least seven grooves. The second number can correspond to a number of exactly eight or at least eight or at least ten grooves.

[0011] A circuit region with a plurality of connection pins can be formed on a connection side of the winding. Connecting sections of the winding spanning the second number of slots of the laminated core can be arranged exclusively within the circuit region.

[0012] A third number of adjacent winding layers may be assigned to a third group. The first group may correspond to a radially outer group, the second group may correspond to a radially central group, and the third group may correspond to a radially inner group.

[0013] On the connection side of the winding, a connecting section of a fourth sub-strand running within the third group can span the first number of slots of the laminated core. A connecting section of a fifth sub-strand running between the second group and the third group can span the second number of slots of the laminated core. This winding pattern advantageously allows for electrical and mechanical symmetry of the winding. Furthermore, the winding pattern can enable simple and cost-effective manufacturing.

[0014] The winding can comprise at least two winding strands, each with a plurality of sub-strands, wherein the winding strands can be wound parallel to one another along the laminated core. This winding pattern advantageously allows for electrical and mechanical symmetry of the winding. Furthermore, the winding pattern can enable simple and cost-effective manufacturing.

[0015] Furthermore, a component for an electrical machine with a variant of the previously presented winding is presented. The component comprises the annular laminated core with a plurality of grooves extending axially through the laminated core for accommodating input sections and output sections of partial phases of the winding in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. This combination advantageously allows the previously described advantages to be optimally implemented.

[0016] The component can have an additional winding, wherein the grooves can be designed to accommodate input sections and output sections of additional partial strands of the additional winding in the plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. According to one embodiment, the component can comprise three windings. The windings can, for example, correspond to three different phases, all of which can be wound according to the same winding pattern. This advantageously allows for the realization of a compact component with optimized interconnection of the individual phases.

[0017] An electric machine can comprise a named component, which can be designed either as a stator or as a rotor. For example, the component can comprise the named winding. The electric machine is suitable, for example, for an electric axle drive. Such an electric axle drive for a motor vehicle comprises at least one named electric machine, a transmission device, and a power converter. The power converter can be designed, for example, as an inverter. Using the power converter, an electrical current required to operate the electric machine can be provided. Using the transmission device, a torque provided by the electric machine can be converted into a drive torque for driving at least one wheel of the motor vehicle.The transmission device may comprise a gearbox for reducing the speed of the electric machine and optionally a differential.

[0018] Accordingly, a motor vehicle may comprise a said electric machine and additionally or alternatively a said electric axle drive.

[0019] The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. They show:

[0020] Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component;

[0021] Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component;

[0022] Fig. 3 is a partial view of an embodiment of a component;

[0023] Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component;

[0024] Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component;

[0025] Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component;

[0026] Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a component;

[0027] Fig. 8 is a partial view of an exemplary embodiment of a component; Fig. 9 is a tabular representation of a winding diagram for an exemplary embodiment of a winding;

[0028] Fig. 10 is a tabular representation of the winding scheme for an embodiment of a winding;

[0029] Fig. 11 is a representation of an embodiment of a motor vehicle;

[0030] Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a winding phase of an embodiment of a winding;

[0031] Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component; and

[0032] Fig. 14 is a tabular representation of a winding diagram for an exemplary embodiment of a winding.

[0033] In the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals are used for the elements shown in the various figures and having a similar effect, whereby a repeated description of these elements is omitted.

[0034] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine 105. Component 100 is shown in a three-dimensional view. According to the embodiment shown here, component 100 has a winding 110, an additional winding 120, and an additional winding 130.

[0035] Component 100 is designed purely as an example as a stator and comprises an annular laminated core 115 with a plurality of slots N extending axially through the laminated core 115, of which, for the sake of clarity, only one is provided with the reference symbol N. Slots N are designed to accommodate input sections and output sections of partial phases of at least winding phases of windings 110, 120, 130 in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. Component 100 has a connection side 112 and an interconnection side 113. Connection pins of windings 110, 120, 130 are arranged on interconnection side 113.

[0036] The stator shown here is designed merely as an example to accommodate a total of three windings 110, 120, 130, wherein the winding 110 is assigned to a U-phase, the further winding 120, for example, to a W-phase, and the additional winding 130, for example, only to a V-phase. In one exemplary embodiment, each winding 110, 120, 130 is formed with six parallel wound winding strands. According to one exemplary embodiment, the six winding strands of each of the windings 110, 120, 130 are each divided into two spaced-apart groups of three winding strands each. Each winding strand is implemented, for example, by two braided wires arranged in a row. Each winding strand is divided into a series of sub-strands, wherein the sub-strands represent contiguous sections of the winding strand.

[0037] According to one embodiment, each of the windings 110, 120, 130 has a plurality of connection pins for applying an electrical voltage at the innermost winding layer or at the outermost winding layer. Additional connection pins are provided for connecting wires of a winding strand to one another. For example, the windings 110, 120, 130 each have 18 connection pins at the innermost winding layer for applying electrical voltages and 18 connection pins at the outermost winding layer, or 9 connection pins at the outermost winding layer and 9 connection pins at a winding layer adjacent to the outermost winding layer for connecting wires of individual winding strands.

[0038] According to one exemplary embodiment, the innermost winding layer contains first connection pins of three winding strands of winding 110, first connection pins of three winding strands of the further winding 120, first connection pins of three winding strands of the additional winding 130, second connection pins of the three winding strands of the winding 110, second connection pins of the three winding strands of the further winding 120, and second connection pins of the three winding strands of the additional winding 130, directly adjacent to one another. According to one exemplary embodiment, the 18 connection pins are designed internally as contacts to the power electronics and externally as an internal connection. The inner and outer arrangements can be interchanged as required.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with windings 110, 120, 130. Component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component in Fig. 1. A side view of component 100 is shown.

[0040] In the background, the first and second connection pins of the winding strands are shown for applying electrical voltages to the winding strands. In the foreground, additional connection pins for connecting wires to the individual winding strands are shown.

[0041] Fig. 3 shows a partial representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with the windings 110, 120, 130. The component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component from one of the figures described above.

[0042] Shown is a section of a side view of component 100. The connection pins of the winding phases are shown, for example. The winding phases assigned to winding 110, for example, have a total of six connection pins.

[0043] A circuit region 300 is marked by a double arrow, wherein the circuit region 300 can also be referred to as a circuitry area. The circuit region 300 represents, merely by way of example, the area in which the at least one extended layer jump occurs. According to one exemplary embodiment, all connection pins of the winding phases, i.e., both the connection pins for the voltage supply and the connection pins for connecting wires to the winding phases, are located within the circuit region 300. The circuit region 300 extends, for example, over approximately a quarter of the circumference of the laminated core, for example, over less than a half and more than a third of the circumference.

[0044] Due to the wiring and routing of the winding 110, a low winding head height 305 is possible. The height of the winding heads increases only locally in the circuit area 300.

[0045] Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with windings 110, 120, 130. The component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component from one of the figures described above.

[0046] Shown is a top view of component 100 onto interconnection side 113.

[0047] Fig. 5 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with a winding 110. The component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component from one of the figures described above.

[0048] Shown is a view of the connection side 112 of the component 100, which can also be referred to as a bottom view non-connection side.

[0049] Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with windings 110, 120, 130. The component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component from one of the figures described above.

[0050] Shown is a plan view of the wiring side 113 of component 100. The circuit area 300 is marked by double arrows. Fig. 7 shows a schematic plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine 105 with a winding 110. The component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component from one of the figures described above. More precisely, Fig. 7 shows a sectional view through the laminated core 115, through which the partial strands of the windings 110, 120, 130 are visible. In addition, the individual slots are visible, which accommodate the input sections and output sections of partial strands in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers. For this purpose, the laminated core 115 has a number of 72 slots merely as an example.

[0051] The partial strands are accommodated, for example, in ten winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10. The winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10 are assigned to different groups. A first number of adjacent winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4 is assigned to a first group 700 and a second number of adjacent winding layers L5, L6 is assigned to a second group 705. According to one exemplary embodiment, a third number of adjacent winding layers L7, L8, L9, L10 is assigned to a third group 710. In this arrangement, the first group 700 corresponds, for example, to a radially outer group, the second group 705 corresponds, for example, to a radially central group and the third group 710 corresponds to a radially inner group.

[0052] The arrangement of the partial strands described below is described merely by way of example using winding 110. The further winding 120 and / or the additional winding 130 are wound at least partially identically to the winding 110.

[0053] The first sub-strand U1 forms, for example, an input section 711, an output section 712, and a connecting section, wherein the connecting section connects the input section 711 and the output section 712 to one another. The input section 711 is arranged, for example, in a first input slot of the first winding layer L1, and the output section 712 is arranged in a first output slot of the second winding layer L2. The connecting section of the first sub-strand thus runs within the first group 700. The connecting section on the connecting side of the winding 110 spans a first number of slots of the laminated core 115, here merely seven slots by way of example.

[0054] The second sub-strand U2 forms, for example, an input section 721, an output section 722, and a connecting section, wherein the connecting section connects the input section 721 and the output section 722 to one another. The input section 721 is arranged, for example, in a second input slot of the fifth winding layer L5. The output section 722 is arranged in a second output slot of the sixth winding layer L6. The connecting section of the second sub-strand U2 thus runs within the second group 705. The connecting section on the connecting side of the winding 110 spans a first number of slots of the laminated core 115, here merely seven slots as an example.

[0055] The third sub-strand U3 forms, for example, an input section 731, an output section 732 and a connecting section, wherein the connecting section connects the input section 731 and the output section 732 to one another. The input section 731 is arranged, for example, in a third input slot of the fourth winding layer L4. The output section 732 is arranged in a third output slot of the fifth winding layer L5. The connecting section of the third sub-strand U3 thus runs between the first group 700 and the second group 705. In this arrangement, the connecting section on the connecting side of the winding 110 spans a second number of slots of the laminated core 115, here merely eleven slots by way of example. The second number differs from the first number, wherein the second number is higher than the first number.

[0056] The fourth sub-strand U4 forms, for example, an input section 741, an output section 742, and a connecting section, wherein the connecting section connects the input section 741 and the output section 742 to one another. The input section 741 is arranged, for example, in a fourth input groove of the ninth winding layer L9, and the output section 742 is arranged in a fourth output groove of the tenth winding layer L10. The connecting section of the fourth sub-strand U4 thus runs within the third group 710. The connecting section spans the first number of grooves of the laminated core 115, for example, seven grooves.

[0057] The fifth sub-strand U5 forms, for example, an input section 751, an output section 752, and a connecting section, wherein the connecting section connects the input section 751 and the output section 752 to one another. The input section 751 is arranged, for example, in a fifth input groove of the sixth winding layer L6, and the output section 752 is arranged in a fifth output groove of the seventh winding layer L7. The connecting section of the fifth sub-strand U5 thus runs between the second group 705 and the third group 710. The connecting section spans the second number of grooves of the laminated core 115, for example, eleven grooves.

[0058] According to one embodiment, the second number is higher than the first number. More specifically, the first number corresponds to a number of, by way of example only, at least seven grooves, and the second number corresponds to a number of, by way of example only, at least eight grooves. Alternatively, the second number corresponds to a number of at least eleven grooves.

[0059] According to the embodiment described here, an extended layer jump occurs between the fourth winding layer L4 and the fifth winding layer L5 and between the sixth winding layer L6 and the seventh winding layer L7.

[0060] Spanning the second number of slots of the laminated core 115 represents a phase shift. The phase shift can also be referred to as an extended layer jump and / or chord shift and describes a shift in the winding layers. This shift smooths the excitation curve and thus reduces the harmonics of the induced voltage. The chord shift reduces the induced voltage amplitude, which is taken into account by the chord shift factor. Fig. 8 shows a partial representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with a winding 110. The component 100 is similar to or corresponds to the component from Fig. 1.

[0061] Shown is a section of a top view of component 100, wherein the extended layer jumps 800, 805 are illustrated by arrows merely as examples. According to one embodiment, a first extended layer jump 800 occurs from the fourth winding layer to the fifth winding layer, and a second extended layer jump 805 occurs from the sixth winding layer to the seventh winding layer.

[0062] Fig. 9 shows a tabular representation of a winding pattern 900 for an exemplary embodiment of a winding 110 for a component. The winding pattern 900 is similar to or corresponds to the winding pattern described in the previous figures. More specifically, the winding pattern 900 is shown for the three windings 110, 120, and 130.

[0063] The winding pattern 900 shown here is exemplified for a component with a laminated core with, for example, 72 slots and a respective number of holes 3 for accommodating, for example, three windings 110, 120, 130. The positions 1 to 72 of the slots along the circumference of the laminated core are indicated in the top four rows of the table, wherein the top row corresponds to an outer backtwist layer 905, the row arranged below it corresponds to the winding 110, the row arranged below it corresponds to the further winding 120 and the row arranged below it corresponds to the additional winding 130.

[0064] The winding 110 is assigned, for example, to the U phase, the further winding 120, for example, to a W phase, and the additional winding 130 is assigned merely by way of example to the V phase. For example, each winding 110, 120, 130 is designed with a total of three parallel wound winding phases, each with a plurality of sub-phases U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6. Ten rows below the position markings correspond, for example, to ten winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10 of the windings 110, 120, 130. The first winding layer L1, shown in the topmost of the ten rows in the illustration shown here, corresponds, for example, to a radially outermost winding layer. Adjacent to the first winding layer L1, i.e. in the table shown here in a row directly below, a second winding layer L2 is arranged.The third winding layer L3 is arranged adjacent to the second winding layer L2, and the fourth winding layer L4 is arranged adjacent to the third winding layer L3. These winding layers L1, L2, L3, L4 are assigned to the first group 700 of winding layers, wherein the first group 700 corresponds to the radially outer group of the exemplary three-layer winding 110.

[0065] The fifth winding layer L5 is arranged adjacent to the fourth winding layer L4, and the sixth winding layer L6 is arranged adjacent to the fifth winding layer L5. These winding layers L5, L6 are assigned to the second group 705 of winding layers, with the second group 705 corresponding to the radially centered group of the exemplary three-layer winding 110.

[0066] Adjacent to the sixth winding layer L6 is the seventh winding layer L7, followed by the eighth winding layer L8, the ninth winding layer L9, and the tenth winding layer L10. The winding layers L7, L8, L9, and L10 are assigned to the third group 710 of the winding layers, with the third group 710 corresponding to the radially inner group of the winding 110.

[0067] In the bottom row of the table shown here, inputs and outputs for inserting partial strands of the winding 110 into the laminated core and for removing partial strands of the winding 110 from the laminated core are marked merely as examples.

[0068] The winding pattern 900 is illustrated and described in more detail in the following Fig. 10. Fig. 10 shows a tabular representation of the winding pattern 900 for an exemplary embodiment of a winding 110 for a component. The winding pattern 900 corresponds to the winding pattern described in Fig. 9, with the exception that a section of the winding pattern 900 is shown.

[0069] In this exemplary embodiment, the winding 110 comprises, for example, three winding phases 1000, 1005, 1010, each with a plurality of alternately connected sub-phases U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6. The first winding phase 1000 comprises the first sub-phase U1 and the fourth sub-phase U4, the second winding phase 1005 comprises the second sub-phase U2 and the fifth sub-phase U5, and the third winding phase 1010 comprises the third sub-phase U3 and the sixth sub-phase U6. A winding direction R is represented by an arrow.

[0070] Inputs 1020 and outputs 1030 of winding 110 are illustrated by arrows and are arranged, for example, on the radially outer winding layer L1. The sub-phases U1, U4; U2, U5; U3, U6 are connected to one another via connection pins. This internal interconnection 1040 is arranged, for example, on the radially inner winding layer L10.

[0071] According to the exemplary embodiment shown here, the first partial strand U1 is arranged with an input section in a first input groove of the grooves, wherein the first input groove is positioned at a first input position 6 of a first input layer L2 of the first group 700 of winding layers. The output section of the first partial strand U1 is arranged in a first output groove of the grooves, wherein the first output groove is positioned at a first output position 70 of a first output layer L3 of the first group 700 of winding layers. The connecting section 1013 of the first partial strand U1 merely spans the first number of grooves, here for example seven grooves.

[0072] Adjacent to the input section of the first sub-strand U1 is an input section of the third sub-strand U3, which is wound parallel to the first sub-strand LJ1. The connecting section 1033 of the third sub-strand U3 also spans the first number of slots, here seven slots, in the first group 700.

[0073] The extended layer jump 800 described in the previous figures, i.e., the spanning of the sub-strands or connecting sections by a second number of grooves, is shown here only as an example with a border. To explain the approach presented here, the winding pattern 900 is described only as an example using the third sub-strand U3 and the sixth sub-strand U6.

[0074] A first extended layer jump 800 occurs from the fourth winding layer L4 into the fifth winding layer L5. A further input section of the third partial strand U3 is arranged in a further input groove of the grooves, wherein the further input groove is arranged at a further input position 1 within the fourth winding layer L4. A further output section of the third partial strand U3 is arranged in a further output groove of the grooves, wherein the further output groove is arranged at a further output position 61 within the fifth winding layer L5. The further connecting section 1003 of the third partial strand U3 thus runs between the first group 700 and the second group 705 and spans the second number of grooves, here merely eleven grooves as an example.

[0075] A second extended layer jump 805 occurs from the sixth winding layer L6 into the seventh winding layer L7. In this case, an additional input section of the third partial strand U3 is arranged in an additional input groove of the grooves, wherein the additional input groove is arranged at an additional input position 71 within the sixth winding layer L6. An additional output section of the third partial strand U3 is arranged in an additional output groove of the grooves, wherein the additional output groove is arranged at an additional output position 62 within the seventh winding layer L7. The additional connecting section 1023 of the third partial strand U3 thus runs between the second group 705 and the third group 710 and spans the second number of grooves, here merely eleven grooves by way of example. Within the third group 710, a fourth connecting section 1043 of the third partial strand U3 then again spans the first number of grooves.For this purpose, a fourth input section of the third sub-strand U3 is arranged in a fourth input groove of the grooves, wherein the fourth input groove is arranged at a fourth input position 70 within the eighth winding layer L8. A fourth output section of the third sub-strand U3 is arranged in a fourth output groove of the grooves, wherein the fourth output groove is arranged at a fourth output position 61 within the ninth winding layer L9. The fourth connecting section 1043 of the third sub-strand U3 runs within the third group 710 and spans the first number of grooves, here merely seven grooves as an example. This can be referred to as a standard layer jump.

[0076] The third sub-strand U3 is connected to the sixth sub-strand U6 in the tenth winding layer L10 via an outer backtwist layer 905. An input section of the sixth sub-strand U6 is arranged in an input position 8 of the slots in the second winding layer L2. An output section of the sixth sub-strand U6 is arranged in an output position 72 of the slots in the third winding layer L3. A connecting section 1006 of the sixth sub-strand U6 thus runs within the first group 700 and spans the first number of slots, here only seven slots by way of example.

[0077] A further input section of the sixth sub-strand U6 is arranged in a further input position 10 of the slots in the fourth winding layer L4, with a further output section of the sixth sub-strand U6 being arranged in a further output position 70 of the slots of the fifth winding layer L5. A further connecting section 1016 of the sixth sub-strand U6 thus runs between the first group 700 and the second group 705 and spans the second number of slots, here only eleven slots by way of example. In this way, the first extended layer jump 800 is formed.

[0078] An additional input section of the sixth sub-strand U6 is arranged in an additional input position 8 of the slots in the sixth winding layer L6, with an additional output section of the sixth sub-strand U6 being arranged in an additional output position 71 of the slots of the seventh winding layer L7. An additional connecting section 1026 of the sixth sub-strand U6 thus runs between the second group 705 and the third group 710 and spans the second number of slots, here only eight slots by way of example. In this way, the second extended layer jump 800 is formed.

[0079] A fourth input section of the sixth sub-strand U6 is arranged in a fourth input position 6 of the slots in the eighth winding layer L8, with a fourth output section of the sixth sub-strand U6 being arranged in a fourth output position 70 in the ninth winding layer L9. A fourth connecting section 1036 of the sixth sub-strand U6 thus runs within the third group 710 and spans the first number of slots, here only seven slots by way of example.

[0080] The partial strands U1, U2, U4, LJ5 are wound according to the same scheme, wherein the first partial strand LJ1 is connected to the fourth partial strand U4 in the tenth winding layer L10 via the outer backtwist layer 905 and wherein the second partial strand U2 is connected to the fifth partial strand U5 in the tenth winding layer L10 via the outer backtwist layer 905.

[0081] The winding pattern 900 shown here is intended for a stamped and braided winding, with a number of holes Q 3, a number of layers L, here for example ten layers in the slot, each 2*Q*m, for example 18 connection pins on the inner diameter and outer diameter.

[0082] The phase shift or chord is achieved via the extended layer jump 800, 805 at one or more radial positions in the interconnection area. For example, the phase shift occurs between layers four and five, as well as between layers six and seven. The approach presented here enables very good manufacturability and has a marginal impact on the winding head height. Furthermore, a very symmetrical winding head is possible on both sides, which leads to favorable thermal behavior and good electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The 900 winding scheme realizes a winding for multiple applications with different parallel branches, which is modular and has a compact winding head width.

[0083] Fig. 11 shows an illustration of an embodiment of a motor vehicle 1100. The motor vehicle 1100 has an electric axle drive 1110 with an electric machine 105, as described, for example, with reference to the previous figures. Electrical energy for operating the electric machine 105 is provided by a power supply device 1102, for example a battery. For example, the power supply device 1102 provides a direct current, which is converted into an alternating current, for example a three-phase alternating current, using a power converter 1104 of the transmission device and is provided to the electric machine 105. A shaft driven by the electric machine 105 is coupled directly or using a transmission device 1106 to at least one wheel 1108 of the motor vehicle 1100.Thus, the motor vehicle 1100 can be propelled using the electric machine 105. According to one embodiment, the electric axle drive 1110 comprises a housing in which the power converter 1104, the electric machine 105, and the transmission device 1106 are arranged in an integrated manner.

[0084] Fig. 12 shows a schematic representation of a winding phase 1000 of an exemplary embodiment of a winding. The winding phase 1000 is similar to or corresponds to the winding phase shown in Fig. 10.

[0085] The winding phase 1000 is a wire composed of two sub-phases U1 and U4. The sub-phases U1 and U4 represent connected sections of the winding phase 1000.

[0086] The first sub-strand U1 forms a first connection pin 1200 and another first connection pin 1210. The second sub-strand U4 forms a second connection pin 1205 and another second connection pin 1215. The sub-strands U1, U4 are connected to one another via the further first connection pin 1210 and the further second connection pin 1215. An electrical voltage is applied to the winding strand 1000 via the connection pins 1200, 1205 of the winding strand 1000.

[0087] Each of the sub-strands U1, U4 has a plurality of connecting sections 1013, 1213, 1230, 1225, which are guided in a loop-like manner through the grooves of the laminated core. More precisely, the first sub-strand U1 forms an input section 711 and an output section 712, with the connecting section 1013 connecting the input section 711 and the output section 712 to one another. The first connection pin 1200, for example, is formed on the input section 711. The connecting section 1230 is arranged, for example, adjacent to the connecting section 1013, with at least one further connecting section being arrangeable between the connecting sections 1013, 1230. The connecting section 1230 connects an input section 1211 and an output section 1212 to each other, wherein the output section 1212 forms, for example, the further first connection pin 1210.The further first connection pin 1210 is connected to the further second connection pin 1215 of the second sub-string U2. The further second connection pin 1215 is formed, for example, by an input section 1241 of the second sub-string U2. The connecting section 1225 is arranged, for example, adjacent to the connecting section 1213, wherein at least one further connecting section can be arranged between the connecting sections 1225, 1213. The output section 742 of the connecting section 1213 forms, for example, the second connection pin 1205.

[0088] The connecting sections 1013, 1213, 1230, 1225 span a different number of slots of the laminated core in a wound state. The connecting sections 1013, 1213, 1230, 1225 extend between and / or within groups of the winding layers, as shown, for example, in Fig. 10.

[0089] Fig. 13 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a component 100 for an electrical machine with windings 110, 120, 130. Component 100 is similar to the component from one of the figures described above. Winding 110 has, merely as an example, five radially outer connection pins, three radially central connection pins, and four radially inner connection pins, i.e., a total of twelve connection pins. According to one embodiment, the radially central connection pins are connected to the radially inner connection pins, with a radially central connection pin being connected to a radially outer connection pin.

[0090] In other words, the connection pins of windings 110, 120, and 130, for example, a total of 18, are designed both inside and outside as contacts to the power electronics and as internal connections. Depending on the number of parallel branches, the 36 connection pins of windings 110, 120, and 130 are wired differently, for example, between inside and outside. Furthermore, the inner and outer arrangements can be reversed.

[0091] Fig. 14 shows a tabular representation of the winding pattern 900 for an exemplary embodiment of a winding 110 for a component. The winding pattern 900 is similar to the winding pattern described in Fig. 10, with the exception that the inputs 1020 and outputs 1030 of the winding 110, as well as the internal circuitry 1040, are arranged differently.

[0092] The inputs 1020 and outputs 1030 of winding 110 are illustrated by arrows and are arranged, for example, at the radially inner winding layer L10. The sub-phases U1, U4; U2, U5; U3, U6 are connected to each other via connection pins. This internal interconnection 1040 is arranged, for example, at the radially outer winding layer L1.

[0093] Reference symbol

[0094] Component electrical machine

[0095] winding

[0096] Connection page

[0097] Wiring page

[0098] Laminated core additional winding additional winding

[0099] Circuit area

[0100] Winding head height first group second group third group

[0101] Input section of the first sub-strand Output section of the first sub-strand Input section of the second sub-strand Output section of the second sub-strand Input section of the third sub-strand Output section of the third sub-strand Input section of the fourth sub-strand Output section of the fourth sub-strand Input section of the fifth sub-strand Output section of the fifth sub-strand First extended layer jump Second extended layer jump

[0102] Winding scheme outer reverse twist layer 1000 first winding strand

[0103] 1003 further connecting section of the third sub-strand

[0104] 1005 second winding phase

[0105] 1006 Connecting section of the sixth substrand

[0106] 1010 third winding phase

[0107] 1013 Connection section of the first sub-strand

[0108] 1016 further connecting section of the sixth sub-strand

[0109] 1020 inputs

[0110] 1023 additional connecting section of the third sub-strand

[0111] 1026 additional connecting section of the sixth sub-strand

[0112] 1030 outputs

[0113] 1033 Connecting section of the third strand

[0114] 1036 fourth connecting section of the sixth substrand

[0115] 1040 internal wiring

[0116] 1043 fourth connecting section of the third sub-strand

[0117] 1100 motor vehicles

[0118] 1102 Energy supply facility

[0119] 1104 Power converter

[0120] 1106 Gearbox device

[0121] 1108 wheel

[0122] 1110 electric axle drive

[0123] 1200 first connection pin

[0124] 1205 second connection pin

[0125] 1211 further input section of the first sub-strand

[0126] 1212 further output section of the first substrand

[0127] 1213 further connecting section of the fourth sub-strand

[0128] 1215 additional second connection pin

[0129] 1225 connecting section of the fourth sub-strand

[0130] 1230 connecting section of the first sub-strand

[0131] 1241 Input section of the fourth sub-strand 1242 Output section of the fourth sub-strand

[0132] L1 first winding layer

[0133] L2 second winding layer

[0134] L3 third winding layer

[0135] L4 fourth winding layer

[0136] L5 fifth winding layer

[0137] L6 sixth winding layer

[0138] L7 seventh winding layer

[0139] L8 eighth winding layer

[0140] L9 ninth winding layer

[0141] L10 tenth winding layer

[0142] N grooves

[0143] R Winding direction

[0144] U1 first sub-strand

[0145] U2 second sub-strand

[0146] U3 third strand

[0147] U4 fourth sub-strand

[0148] U5 fifth sub-strand

[0149] U6 sixth sub-strand

Claims

Patent claims 1 . Winding (110) for a component (100) of an electrical machine (105), wherein the component (100) comprises an annular laminated core (115) with a plurality of slots (N) extending axially through the laminated core (115) for receiving input sections (711, 721, 731, 741, 751) and output sections (712, 722, 732, 742, 751) of partial strands (U1, U2, U3, L4, U5, U6) of at least one winding strand (1000) of the winding (110) in a plurality of radially adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10), wherein a first number of adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4) is assigned to a first group (700), wherein a second number (L5, L6) of adjacent winding layers is assigned to a second group (705),wherein, on a connection side (112) of the winding (110), a connection section (1013) of a first sub-strand (U1) extending within the first group (700) spans a first number of slots (N) of the laminated core (115), and wherein a connection section of a second sub-strand (U2) extending within the second group (705) spans the first number of slots (N) of the laminated core (115), wherein, on the connection side (112) of the winding (110), a connection section (1003) of a third sub-strand (U3) extending between the first group (700) and the second group (705) spans a second number of slots (N) of the laminated core (115) that differs from the first number.

2. Winding (110) according to claim 1, wherein the second number is greater than the first number.

3. Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first number corresponds to a number of at least seven slots, wherein the second number corresponds to a number of at least eight slots.

4. Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on a wiring side (113) of the winding (110) a circuit region (300) with a plurality of connection pins of the winding (110) is formed, wherein the connecting sections (1103) spanning a second number of grooves (N) of the laminated core (115) are arranged exclusively within the circuit area (300).

5. Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a third number of adjacent winding layers (L7, L8, L9, L10) is assigned to a third group (710), wherein the first group (700) corresponds to a radially outer group, wherein the second group (705) corresponds to a radially central group and wherein the third group (710) corresponds to a radially inner group.

6. Winding (110) according to claim 5, wherein on the connection side (112) of the winding (110), a connection section of a fourth partial strand (U4) extending within the third group (710) spans the first number of slots (N) of the laminated core (115).

7. Winding (110) according to one of claims 5 to 6, wherein on the connecting side (112) of the winding (110) a connecting section of a fifth partial strand (U5) extending between the second group (705) and the third group (710) spans the second number of slots (N) of the laminated core (115).

8. Winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the winding (110) comprises at least two winding strands (1000, 1005) each having a plurality of partial strands (U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6), wherein the winding strands (1000, 1005, 1010) are wound parallel to one another along the laminated core (115).

9. Component (100) for an electrical machine (105) with a winding (110) according to one of the preceding claims and with the annular laminated core (115) with the plurality of slots (N) extending axially through the laminated core (115) for receiving input sections (711, 721, 731, 741, 751) and output sections (712, 722, 732, 742, 751) of partial strands (U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6) of the winding (110) in the plurality of radially adjacent winding layers (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9, L10).

10. Component (100) according to claim 9, with a further winding (120), wherein the grooves (N) are designed to receive input sections and output sections of further partial strands of the further winding (120) in the plurality of radially adjacent winding layers.

11. Electrical machine (105) with a component (100) according to one of claims 9 to 10, wherein the component (100) is designed as a stator or as a rotor of the electrical machine (105) and comprises a winding (110) according to one of claims 1 to 8.

12. Electric axle drive (1110) for a motor vehicle (1100) with at least one electric machine (105), a transmission device (1106) and a power converter (1104), characterized in that the electric machine (105) is designed according to claim 11.

13. Motor vehicle (1100) comprising an electric machine (105) according to claim 11 and / or an electric axle drive (1110) according to claim 12.

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