Glass, glass forming method, and glass forming device

Abstract

The present application provides glass, a glass forming method, and a glass forming device. The glass comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged, wherein the first surface is provided with an infrared reflection film layer. The glass forming method comprises: heating glass; bending and forming the glass; and performing air blowing cooling on the glass to obtain glass of which the surface compressive stresses of the first surface and the second surface are greater than or equal to 30 Mpa, wherein the air pressure intensity of blowing air to the side of the first surface of the glass is smaller than the air pressure intensity of blowing air to the side of the second surface of the glass. By means of the glass forming method provided by the present application, the glass of which the surface compressive stresses of the first surface and the second surface which are oppositely arranged are greater than or equal to 30 Mpa can be obtained.

Description

Glass, glass forming method and glass forming equipment

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on October 7, 2023, with application number 202311285043.4 and application name “Glass, Glass Forming Method and Glass Forming Equipment”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of vehicle glass, and in particular to glass, a glass forming method, and a glass forming device. Background Art

[0003] As people's requirements for automobile functionality become increasingly higher, panoramic laminated coated sunroofs have become a trend in automobile sunroofs, improving the passenger's field of view and interior comfort. In order to ensure the safety of passengers in the car, the surface strength of the laminated coated glass needs to be enhanced.

[0004] However, the surface compressive stress of the existing mass-produced coated skylight products cannot meet customer requirements. This is mainly due to the coating on the glass surface. The film layer is mainly a silver layer, which is a good conductor of heat. During the cooling process, it cools and solidifies first. The internal glass is a poor conductor of heat and does not cool as fast as the outer coating. The coated surface generates mechanical stress on the internal glass, causing the tensile stress of the internal glass to increase and the compressive stress generated on the coated surface to increase, thereby reducing the stress on the non-coated glass surface.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application further provides glass, comprising a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, wherein the first surface is provided with an infrared reflective film layer;

[0007] The first surface has a first surface compressive stress, the second surface has a second surface compressive stress, and the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress are both greater than or equal to 30 MPa.

[0008] Wherein, the first surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34 MPa, and the second surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34 MPa.

[0009] The ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress to the first surface compressive stress is less than or equal to 5%.

[0010] Wherein, the glass is transparent glass or ultra-transparent glass.

[0011] The surface compressive stress of the first surface and the second surface of the glass provided in the present application are both greater than or equal to 30 MPa, so that the overall strength of the glass is high and can meet customer needs.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a glass forming method, wherein the glass includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first surface is provided with an infrared reflective film layer, and the glass forming method includes:

[0013] heating the glass;

[0014] Bending the glass into shape; and

[0015] The glass is blown and cooled to obtain glass having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on both the first and second surfaces, wherein the wind pressure intensity of blowing air on the first surface of the glass is less than the wind pressure intensity of blowing air on the second surface of the glass.

[0016] The method of cooling the glass by blowing air to obtain glass having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on both the first surface and the second surface comprises:

[0017] outputting a first blow of air having a first wind pressure intensity toward the first surface;

[0018] outputting a second blowing air with a second wind pressure intensity to the second surface;

[0019] Wherein, the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3.

[0020] The first wind pressure intensity ranges from 2 kPa to 8 kPa, and the second wind pressure intensity ranges from 2 kPa to 8 kPa.

[0021] Wherein, heating the glass comprises:

[0022] radiatively heating the first side of the glass;

[0023] And / or, the first surface and / or the second surface of the glass are subjected to convection heating.

[0024] Wherein, bending the glass comprises:

[0025] The glass is bent and formed, and the glass is kept warm during the bending and forming process so that the temperature of the glass after bending and forming is above 580°C.

[0026] Wherein, the step of heat-insulating the glass during the glass bending process includes:

[0027] Insulating the glass by convection heating during the glass bending process;

[0028] The temperature of the convection heating is greater than or equal to 400°C.

[0029] The present application provides a glass forming method in which, when blowing air to cool the glass, the wind pressure intensity applied to the first surface provided with the infrared reflective film layer is less than the wind pressure intensity applied to the second surface, thereby relatively reducing the cooling rate of the first surface, thereby balancing the cooling rates of the first and second surfaces, and further reducing or even eliminating the difference in surface compressive stress between the first and second surfaces after the glass is cooled and formed, thereby improving the surface strength of the cooled glass. Furthermore, the surface compressive stress on both the first and second surfaces is greater than or equal to 30 MPa. Therefore, the glass forming method provided by the present application can produce glass having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on both the first and second surfaces disposed opposite to each other.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a glass forming device, comprising:

[0031] A heating device, wherein the heating device is used to heat the glass;

[0032] a bending device, the bending device being disposed downstream of the heating device and configured to bend the glass; and

[0033] An air cooling device is provided downstream of the bending and forming device, and is used for blowing air on the glass to obtain glass having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on the first and second surfaces, wherein the air cooling device blows air on the first surface and the second surface of the glass opposite to the first surface, and the wind pressure intensity of the air cooling device blowing on the first surface is less than the wind pressure intensity blowing on the second surface.

[0034] In which, the air cooling device includes a first wind grille and a second wind grille that are spaced apart and arranged opposite to each other, the gap between the first wind grille and the second wind grille is used to accommodate the glass, the first wind grille is used to output a first blow of a first wind pressure intensity toward the first surface, and the second wind grille is used to output a second blow of a second wind pressure intensity toward the second surface, wherein the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3.

[0035] The distance between the first wind grid and the first surface is a first spacing, the distance between the second wind grid and the second surface is a second spacing, and the first spacing is greater than the second spacing.

[0036] The first spacing ranges from 50 mm to 80 mm, and the second spacing ranges from 40 mm to 60 mm.

[0037] Among them, the heating device includes a heating furnace, a conveying device and a first heat source. The conveying device is arranged in the heating furnace, and the conveying device is used to carry the glass to move in the heating furnace. The first heat source is arranged in the heating furnace and is used to radiate heating to the first surface of the glass.

[0038] And / or, the heating device further comprises a second heat source, which is disposed in the heating furnace and is used for convection heating the first surface and / or the second surface of the glass.

[0039] Wherein, the bending forming device comprises an upper forming mold and a lower forming mold arranged opposite to each other, and the glass is bent and formed between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold;

[0040] The bending and forming device also includes a heat preservation and heating system, which is used to heat the glass located between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold so that the temperature of the glass after bending and forming is above 580°C.

[0041] Among them, the thermal insulation heating system includes a third heat source, which is arranged at the edge of the upper forming mold. The third heat source is used to perform convection heating on the glass located between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold, and the convection heating temperature is greater than or equal to 400°C.

[0042] The glass forming equipment provided in the present application is used to heat, bend and cool the glass to form the glass, so that the surface compressive stress of the first surface and the surface compressive stress of the second surface of the obtained glass are both greater than or equal to 30 MPa, which is beneficial to improving the overall strength of the glass to meet customer needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the implementation. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0044] FIG1 is a flow chart of a glass forming method provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0045] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of heating glass in the embodiment of FIG1 .

[0046] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of glass bending in the embodiment of FIG1 .

[0047] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of blowing air to cool glass in the embodiment of FIG1 .

[0048] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of the glass prepared according to the embodiment of FIG1 .

[0049] FIG6 is a flow chart of blowing air to cool the glass in FIG1 .

[0050] FIG. 7 is a flow chart of heating the glass substrate in FIG. 1 .

[0051] FIG8 is a flow chart of bending the glass in FIG1 .

[0052] FIG9 is a flow chart of blowing hot air to the glass in FIG8 .

[0053] FIG10 shows a glass forming device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0054] Figure 1: Glass 10; first surface 111; second surface 112; infrared reflective film layer 12; glass forming equipment 30; heating device 31; first heat source 311; second heat source 312; convection air outlet 3121; heating furnace 313; conveying device 314; bending and forming device 32; upper forming mold 321; lower forming mold 322; air cooling device 33; first air grille 331; second air grille 332; heat preservation and heating system 34; third heat source 341. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0057] References herein to "embodiments" or "implementations" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments or implementations may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of such phrases in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor do they constitute independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0058] This application provides a glass forming method. Please refer to Figures 1-5. Figure 1 is a flow chart of the glass forming method provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure for heating glass in the embodiment of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure for bending glass in the embodiment of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure for blowing air to cool the glass in the embodiment of Figure 1; and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the glass produced in the embodiment of Figure 1. In this embodiment, the glass forming method includes steps S10, S20, and S30. The specific steps are as follows.

[0059] S10, heating the glass 10.

[0060] In this embodiment, the glass 10 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 disposed opposite to each other, and the first surface 111 is provided with an infrared reflective film layer 12. The glass 10 is heated to a preset temperature by a first heat source 311 to facilitate subsequent bending of the glass 10.

[0061] The preset temperature is 640°C to 650°C. For example, the preset temperature may be, but is not limited to, 640°C, 642°C, 644°C, 646°C, 648°C, 650°C, or other temperatures between 640°C and 650°C.

[0062] Optionally, the first heat source 311 is disposed on one side of the first surface 111 of the glass 10 , or on one side of the second surface 112 of the glass 10 , or on two opposite sides of the glass 10 .

[0063] Optionally, the infrared reflective film layer 12 is a metal layer. For example, the infrared reflective film layer 12 may be, but is not limited to, a silver layer or a silver alloy layer.

[0064] S20, bending the glass 10.

[0065] In this embodiment, after the glass 10 is heated to the preset temperature, the glass 10 is bent and formed so that the shape of the glass 10 can be applied to a vehicle, for example, a sunroof, a front windshield, or a side window.

[0066] S30 , blowing air to cool the glass 10 to obtain the glass 10 having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on both the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 .

[0067] In this embodiment, the wind pressure intensity applied to the first surface 111 of the glass 10 is lower than the wind pressure intensity applied to the second surface 112 of the glass 10, thereby balancing the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. Specifically, because the infrared reflective film layer 12 cools faster than the glass 10, and the infrared reflective film layer 12 is disposed on the first surface 111, when the wind pressure intensity applied to the first surface 111 is the same as the wind pressure intensity applied to the second surface 112, the cooling rate of the first surface 111 is faster than the cooling rate of the second surface 112. This causes the first surface 111 to generate mechanical stress within the glass 10, increasing the tensile stress within the glass 10 and thereby increasing the compressive stress generated on the first surface 111, thereby reducing the compressive stress on the second surface 112. In the present embodiment, by setting the wind pressure intensity of blowing air on one side of the first surface 111 to be smaller than the wind pressure intensity of blowing air on the second side 112, the cooling rate of the infrared reflective film layer 12 is relatively reduced, and the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are balanced, so that after the glass 10 is cooled, the surface compressive stresses of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are approximately the same, and both are greater than or equal to 30 MPa, thereby improving the surface strength of the glass 10.

[0068] Here, relatively reducing the cooling rate of the infrared reflective film layer 12 means reducing the cooling rate of the infrared reflective film layer 12 relative to the second surface 112 , that is, reducing the cooling rate of the first surface 111 and / or increasing the cooling rate of the second surface 112 .

[0069] In summary, the present application provides a glass forming method. When blowing air to cool the glass 10, the wind pressure intensity applied to the first surface 111 provided with the infrared reflective film layer 12 is less than the wind pressure intensity applied to the second surface 112, thereby relatively reducing the cooling rate of the first surface 111, thereby balancing the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. This further reduces or even eliminates the difference in surface compressive stress between the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 after the glass 10 is cooled and formed, thereby improving the surface strength of the cooled glass 10. The surface compressive stress of both the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 is greater than or equal to 30 MPa. Therefore, the glass forming method provided by the present application can produce glass 10 having a surface compressive stress of both the first surface 111 and the second surface 112, which are disposed opposite to each other, greater than or equal to 30 MPa.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6. Figure 6 is a flow chart of the air-blowing cooling process for the glass in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the above-mentioned step S30 includes steps S31 and S32. Steps S31 and S32 are described in detail below.

[0071] S31 , outputting a first blow of air having a first wind pressure intensity to the first surface 111 .

[0072] S32 , outputting a second blow with a second wind pressure intensity to the second surface 112 .

[0073] In this embodiment, the glass 10 is cooled by installing air grilles. Specifically, the glass 10 is placed between the first air grille 331 and the second air grille 332, with the first surface 111 facing the first air grille 331 and the second surface 112 facing the second air grille 332. The first air grille 331 blows cold air toward the first surface 111, and the second air grille 332 blows cold air toward the second surface 112. It should be noted that steps S31 and S32 are performed simultaneously.

[0074] In this embodiment, the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3, thereby relatively reducing the cooling rate of the infrared reflective film layer 12, thereby balancing the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112. After the glass 10 is cooled to form the glass 10, the surface compressive stresses of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are approximately the same, thereby improving the surface strength of the glass 10. For example, the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity may be, but is not limited to, 1 / 1.3, 1 / 1.7, 1 / 1.9, 1 / 2.1, 1 / 2.3, 1 / 2.5, 1 / 2.7, 1 / 3, or other values ​​between 1 / 1.3 and 1 / 3. If the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is less than 1 / 1.3, the first surface 111 will cool too quickly, causing the first surface 111 to generate mechanical stress inside the glass 10, increasing the tensile stress inside the glass 10, thereby increasing the compressive stress generated by the first surface 111, and reducing the compressive stress on the second surface 112. If the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is greater than 1 / 3, the second surface 112 will cool too quickly during the cooling process of the glass 10, resulting in uneven cooling of the first and second surfaces 111, 112, and causing the glass 10 to crack or shift due to cooling. Therefore, the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3, so that the cooling rate of the infrared reflective film layer 12 is relatively reduced, and the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are balanced, so that after the glass 10 is cooled to form the glass 10, the surface compressive stresses of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are approximately the same, thereby improving the surface strength of the glass 10. In some embodiments, in order to achieve a higher pass rate for the surface compressive stress of the glass 10, the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is preferably 1 / 1.5 to 1 / 3.

[0075] In this embodiment, by setting the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity to 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3, the surface compressive stress of the first surface 111 and the surface compressive stress of the second surface 112 are both greater than or equal to 34 MPa after the glass 10 is cooled. In some further embodiments, the surface compressive stress of the first surface 111 and the surface compressive stress of the second surface 112 are both greater than or equal to 34.4 MPa, and the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the surface compressive stress of the first surface 111 and the surface compressive stress of the second surface 112 to the surface compressive stress of the first surface 111 is less than or equal to 5%.

[0076] Optionally, the distance between the first air grille 331 and the first surface 111 is a first spacing, and the distance between the second air grille 332 and the second surface 112 is a second spacing. The first spacing is greater than the second spacing, and the first spacing ranges from 50 mm to 80 mm, while the second spacing ranges from 40 mm to 60 mm. This further balances the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112, thereby further reducing or even eliminating the difference in surface compressive stress between the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 after the glass 10 is cooled and formed, thereby improving the surface strength of the glass 10 after cooling. For example, the first spacing may be, but is not limited to, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, or other values ​​between 50 mm and 80 mm. The second spacing may be, but is not limited to, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, or other values ​​between 40 mm and 60 mm.

[0077] Optionally, the first wind pressure intensity ranges from 2 kPa to 8 kPa, and the second wind pressure intensity ranges from 2 kPa to 8 kPa, which facilitates rapid cooling of the glass 10. For example, the first wind pressure intensity may be, but is not limited to, 2 kPa, 4 kPa, 6 kPa, 8 kPa, or other values ​​between 2 kPa and 8 kPa. The second wind pressure intensity may be, but is not limited to, 2 kPa, 4 kPa, 6 kPa, 8 kPa, or other values ​​between 2 kPa and 8 kPa.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7. Figure 7 is a flow chart of heating the glass substrate in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the above step S10 includes step S11. Step S11 will be described in detail below.

[0079] S11 , performing radiation heating on the first surface 111 of the glass 10 ; and / or performing convection heating on the first surface 111 and / or the second surface 112 of the glass 10 .

[0080] In this embodiment, a first heat source 311 capable of thermal radiation is used to radiate heat toward the first surface 111 to heat the glass 10; and / or a second heat source 312 is used that is larger than the first surface 111 and / or the second surface 112 of the glass 10 to perform convection heating. For example, the first heat source 311 may be, but is not limited to, a heating wire, an incandescent lamp, or a halogen tungsten lamp. The second heat source 312 is a convection heating device.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first heat source 311 is disposed on one side of the first surface 111 . Since the first surface 111 is provided with the infrared reflective film layer 12 , the infrared reflective film layer 12 is a good heat conductor and can improve the heating effect of the first heat source 311 on the glass 10 .

[0082] In this embodiment, since the infrared reflective film layer 12 has a reflective effect on the radiated heat, it is easy to cause the temperature of the first surface 111 to be lower after being heated. Therefore, by providing convection hot air on one side of the first surface 111 and one side of the second surface 112, the heating effect of the glass 10 can be improved.

[0083] Optionally, the convection outlet 3121 of the second heat source 312 located between the first surface 111 and the first heat source 311 has a first convection opening, and the convection outlet 3121 of the second heat source 312 located on the side of the second surface 112 away from the first heat source 311 has a second convection opening, and the second convection opening is greater than the first convection opening. In this embodiment, since the first heat source 311 is located on one side of the first surface 111, setting the second convection opening greater than the first convection opening can improve the heating effect on the second surface 112, thereby balancing the heating effect on the first surface 111 and the second surface 112, so that the glass 10 is evenly heated. In addition, the second heat source 312 can also be set to set the convection opening in each area as needed according to the heating needs of different areas.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 8. Figure 8 is a flow chart of the glass bending process in Figure 1. In this embodiment, the above step S20 includes step S21. Step S21 will be described in detail below.

[0085] S21 , bending the glass 10 , and keeping the glass 10 warm during the bending process, so that the temperature of the glass 10 after bending is above 580° C.

[0086] In this embodiment, the glass 10 heated to the preset temperature is placed on the bending device 32 , that is, the glass 10 is placed between the concave and convex molds of the bending device 32 for pressing.

[0087] In this embodiment, during the bending process of the glass 10 , hot air is blown to the glass 10 by the heat preservation and heating system 34 to increase the ambient temperature of the glass 10 to prevent the glass 10 from cooling too quickly during the bending process.

[0088] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9, Figure 9 is a flow chart of blowing hot air on the glass in Figure 8. In this embodiment, the heat preservation of the glass 10 during the bending process in the above step S21 includes step S211, which is described in detail below.

[0089] S211 , during the bending process of the glass 10 , the glass 10 is kept warm by convection heating.

[0090] In this embodiment, the heat preservation and heating system 34 is controlled to provide convection heating to keep the glass 10 warm, and the convection heating temperature is greater than 400° C., so that the temperature of the glass 10 after bending can be maintained above 580° C. For example, the hot air blown by the heat preservation and heating system 34 can be, but is not limited to, 400° C., 420° C., 440° C., 460° C., 480° C., 500° C., or other values ​​greater than 400° C.

[0091] Specifically, the heat preservation and heating system 34 includes a third heat source and a fourth heat source. The third heat source is used to perform convection heating on the glass 10, thereby increasing the ambient temperature around the glass 10 and reducing the cooling rate of the glass 10. The fourth heat source blows hot air or provides heat radiation toward the first surface 111, preventing the first surface 111 from cooling faster than the second surface 112 due to the presence of the infrared reflective film layer 12, thereby ensuring a consistent cooling rate for the glass 10.

[0092] This application also provides glass 10. Referring again to FIG. 5 , in this embodiment, glass 10 includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 disposed opposite each other. First surface 111 is provided with an infrared reflective film layer 12. First surface 111 exhibits a first surface compressive stress, and second surface 112 exhibits a second surface compressive stress. Both the first and second surface compressive stresses are greater than or equal to 30 MPa.

[0093] In this embodiment, the glass 10 is applied to a vehicle. For example, the glass 10 can be applied to, but is not limited to, a sunroof, a front windshield, or a side window of the vehicle.

[0094] Furthermore, the first surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34 MPa, and the second surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34 MPa.

[0095] Furthermore, the first surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34.4 MPa, and the second surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34.4 MPa.

[0096] Furthermore, the first surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 40 MPa, and the second surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 40 MPa.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first surface 111 is provided with the infrared reflective film layer 12 and is referred to as a coating surface, and the second surface 112 is not provided with the infrared reflective film layer 12 and is referred to as a non-coating surface.

[0098] Optionally, a ratio of an absolute value of a difference between the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress to the first surface compressive stress is less than or equal to 5%.

[0099] Since the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress to the first surface compressive stress is less than or equal to 5%, the surface compressive stresses of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 are approximately the same, which is beneficial to improving the overall strength of the glass 10.

[0100] Furthermore, the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress to the first surface compressive stress is less than or equal to 4%, or 3%, or 2%, or 1%, or the first surface compressive stress is the same as the second surface compressive stress.

[0101] Furthermore, the glass 10 is transparent glass or extra-transparent glass. The visible light transmittance of the glass 10 is 80% to 95%. Specifically, the total iron content of the transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.1%, and the visible light transmittance of the transparent glass is greater than or equal to 80%; the total iron content of the extra-transparent glass is less than or equal to 0.015%, and the visible light transmittance of the extra-transparent glass is greater than or equal to 91%. The visible light transmittance of the glass 10 can be, but is not limited to, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, or other values ​​between 80% and 95%. By selecting transparent glass or extra-transparent glass with a low total iron content, it is helpful to ensure that the visible light transmittance of the entire glass 10 meets the standard after the infrared reflective film layer 12 is coated.

[0102] Furthermore, the thickness of the glass 10 is 1.6 mm to 4 mm. Specifically, the thickness of the glass 10 can be 1.6 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.8 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.6 mm, 4 mm, or other values ​​between 1.6 mm and 4 mm.

[0103] The present application also provides a glass forming device 30. Please refer to Figures 2-4 and 10. Figure 10 illustrates a glass forming device provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the glass forming device 30 includes a heating device 31, a bending device 32, and an air cooling device 33. The heating device 31 is configured to heat the glass 10. The bending device 32 is located downstream of the heating device 31 and is configured to bend the glass 10. The air cooling device 33 is located downstream of the bending device 32 and is configured to blow air onto the glass 10 to obtain a glass 10 having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on both the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the glass 10 opposite to the first surface 111. The air cooling device 33 blows air onto the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the glass 10 opposite to the first surface 111, and the wind pressure intensity of the air cooling device 33 blowing onto the first surface 111 is less than the wind pressure intensity of the air cooling device 33 blowing onto the second surface 112.

[0104] In this embodiment, the glass forming equipment 30 is used to heat, bend, and cool the glass 10 to form the glass 10, so that the surface compressive stress of the first surface 111 and the surface compressive stress of the second surface 112 of the obtained glass 10 are both greater than or equal to 30 MPa, which is beneficial to improving the overall strength of the glass 10 to meet customer needs.

[0105] Optionally, the air cooling device 33 includes a first air grille 331 and a second air grille 332 spaced apart and arranged opposite to each other. The gap between the first air grille 331 and the second air grille 332 is used to accommodate the glass 10. The first air grille 331 is used to output a first air flow of a first wind pressure intensity toward the first surface 111, and the second air grille 332 is used to output a second air flow of a second wind pressure intensity toward the second surface 112. The ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3.

[0106] Optionally, the distance between the first air grille 331 and the first surface 111 is a first spacing, and the distance between the second air grille 332 and the second surface 112 is a second spacing. The first spacing is greater than the second spacing to further balance the cooling rates of the first surface 111 and the second surface 112, thereby further reducing or even eliminating the difference in surface compressive stress between the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 after the glass 10 is cooled, thereby improving the surface strength of the glass 10 formed by cooling.

[0107] Optionally, the first spacing ranges from 50 mm to 80 mm, and the second spacing ranges from 40 mm to 60 mm. For example, the first spacing may be, but is not limited to, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm, 80 mm, or other values ​​between 50 mm and 80 mm. The second spacing may be, but is not limited to, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, or other values ​​between 40 mm and 60 mm.

[0108] Optionally, the heating device 31 includes a heating furnace 313, a conveying device 314 and a first heat source 311. The conveying device 314 is arranged in the heating furnace 313, and the conveying device 314 is used to carry the glass 10 and move it in the heating furnace 313. The first heat source 311 is arranged in the heating furnace 313 and performs radiation heating on the first surface 111 of the glass 10. And / or, the heating device 31 also includes a second heat source 312, which is arranged in the heating furnace 313 and is used to perform convection heating on the first surface 111 and / or the second surface 112 of the glass 10. The first heat source 311 is a radiation heat source, specifically an electric heating wire, which performs radiation heating on the first surface 111. The second heat source 312 is a convection heating device, which performs convection heating on the first surface 111 and / or the second surface 112.

[0109] Optionally, the bending device 32 includes an upper forming mold 321 and a lower forming mold 322 disposed opposite each other, and the glass 10 is bent between the upper forming mold 321 and the lower forming mold 322. The bending device 32 also includes a heat preservation and heating system 34. The heat preservation and heating system 34 is used to heat the glass 10 between the upper forming mold 321 and the lower forming mold 322, so that the temperature of the glass 10 after bending is above 580°C.

[0110] Specifically, the upper molding die 321 and the lower molding die 322 can be a male mold and a female mold, respectively. The lower surface of the male mold can be provided with vacuum suction holes for suctioning the glass 10 to assist in molding the glass 10. The surface of the male mold can also be provided with a cavity to facilitate press molding of the glass 10 using high-pressure air. The female mold can be a solid mold, and the upper surface of the female mold can also be provided with vacuum suction holes to assist in molding the glass 10. The female mold can also be a molding ring, etc. The glass 10 can be formed between the upper molding die and the lower molding die by a combination of one or more of self-weight molding, press molding, and vacuum molding.

[0111] Furthermore, the heat preservation and heating system 34 includes a third heat source 341, which is disposed at the edge of the upper forming mold 321. The third heat source 341 is used to perform convection heating on the glass 10 located between the upper forming mold 321 and the lower forming mold 322, and the convection heating temperature is greater than or equal to 400°C.

[0112] Example

[0113] The glass 10 is prepared using the glass forming method provided in the above embodiment, and the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity of the first blowing output by the first wind grid 331 to the second wind pressure intensity of the second blowing output by the second wind grid 332 and the surface compressive stress intensity of the obtained glass 10 are shown in the following table.

[0114] As can be seen from the table above, in Comparative Example 1, when the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity was 1:1, the surface compressive stress of the glass 10 was 28 MPa, failing to meet the requirement of a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 34 MPa. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 2, when the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity reached 1:4, cracks appeared in the glass 10.

[0115] In Examples 1 to 6, when the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1:1.3, the surface compressive stress of at least part of the glass 10 can meet the requirement of being greater than or equal to 34 MPa. When the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1:1.5, the surface compressive stress of the glass 10 can reach 35 MPa. When the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 2, the surface compressive stress of the glass 10 can meet the requirement of being above 40 MPa. When the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 3, the surface compressive stress of the glass 10 can reach 45 MPa.

[0116] By comparing the various embodiments in the above table with the comparative examples, it can be seen that by controlling the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity of the first blowing output by the first wind grid 331 to the second wind pressure intensity of the second blowing output by the second wind grid 332, the surface compressive stress of the glass 10 can be enhanced, while avoiding the occurrence of cracks in the glass 10 due to excessive difference in wind pressure intensity.

[0117] Furthermore, the glass 10 coated with the infrared reflective film 12 exhibits superior infrared reflection compared to ordinary glass without the infrared reflective film 12. Furthermore, the glass 10 and ordinary glass can be laminated to form laminated glass. The laminated glass comprises the glass 10 coated with the infrared reflective film 12 and ordinary glass. The infrared reflective film 12 is coated on the surface of the glass 10 facing away from the ordinary glass. The glass 10 is transparent glass or extra-clear glass with a visible light transmittance greater than or equal to 80%. The glass 10 and the ordinary glass are bonded together using polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The glass 10 is 2.1 mm thick, the ordinary glass is 2.1 mm thick, and the PVB is 0.76 mm thick. The ordinary glass can be ordinary white glass, green glass, or dark green glass.

[0118] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A glass, characterized in that: The glass comprises a first surface and a second surface which are arranged opposite to each other, and the first surface is provided with an infrared reflection film layer; The first surface has a first surface compressive stress, the second surface has a second surface compressive stress, and the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress are both greater than or equal to 30 MPa.

2. The glass according to claim 1, characterized in that The first surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34 MPa, and the second surface compressive stress is greater than or equal to 34 MPa.

3. The glass according to claim 1, characterized in that A ratio of an absolute value of a difference between the first surface compressive stress and the second surface compressive stress to the first surface compressive stress is less than or equal to 5%.

4. The glass according to claim 1, wherein The glass is transparent glass or extra-transparent glass.

5. A glass forming method, characterized in that: The glass comprises a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, the first surface is provided with an infrared reflective film layer, and the glass forming method comprises: heating the glass; Bending the glass into shape; and The glass is blown and cooled to obtain glass having surface compressive stresses greater than or equal to 30 MPa on the first and second surfaces, wherein the wind pressure intensity of blowing air on the first surface of the glass is less than the wind pressure intensity of blowing air on the second surface of the glass.

6. The glass forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of cooling the glass by blowing air to obtain a glass having a surface compressive stress greater than or equal to 30 MPa on the first surface and the second surface comprises: Outputting a first blow of air having a first wind pressure intensity to the first surface; outputting a second blowing air with a second wind pressure intensity to the second surface; Wherein, the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3.

7. The glass forming method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first wind pressure intensity ranges from 2 kPa to 8 kPa, and the second wind pressure intensity ranges from 2 kPa to 8 kPa.

8. The glass forming method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Heating the glass comprises: radiatively heating the first surface of the glass; And / or, the first surface and / or the second surface of the glass are subjected to convection heating.

9. The glass forming method according to claim 5, wherein: Bending the glass comprises: The glass is bent and formed, and the glass is kept warm during the bending and forming process, so that the temperature of the glass after bending and forming is above 580°C.

10. The glass forming method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Insulating the glass during the glass bending process includes: In the process of bending and forming the glass, the glass is kept warm by convection heating; The temperature of the convection heating is greater than or equal to 400°C.

11. A glass forming device, characterized in that: The glass forming equipment comprises: A heating device, wherein the heating device is used to heat the glass; a bending device, the bending device being disposed downstream of the heating device, and being used for bending the glass; and An air cooling device is arranged downstream of the bending and forming device, and is used for blowing air on the glass to obtain glass with surface compressive stresses greater than or equal to 30Mpa on the first and second surfaces, wherein the air cooling device blows air on the first surface and the second surface of the glass opposite to the first surface, and the wind pressure intensity of the air cooling device blowing on the first surface is less than the wind pressure intensity blowing on the second surface.

12. The glass forming apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: The air cooling device includes a first wind grille and a second wind grille that are spaced apart and opposite to each other, wherein the gap between the first wind grille and the second wind grille is used to accommodate the glass, the first wind grille is used to output a first wind blow of a first wind pressure intensity toward the first surface, and the second wind grille is used to output a second wind blow of a second wind pressure intensity toward the second surface, wherein the ratio of the first wind pressure intensity to the second wind pressure intensity is 1 / 1.3 to 1 / 3.

13. The glass forming apparatus according to claim 12, wherein: The distance between the first wind grille and the first surface is a first spacing, the distance between the second wind grille and the second surface is a second spacing, and the first spacing is greater than the second spacing.

14. The glass forming apparatus according to claim 13, wherein: The first spacing ranges from 50 mm to 80 mm, and the second spacing ranges from 40 mm to 60 mm.

15. The glass forming apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: The heating device comprises a heating furnace, a conveying device and a first heat source, wherein the conveying device is arranged in the heating furnace and is used to carry the glass to move in the heating furnace, and the first heat source is arranged in the heating furnace and is used to perform radiation heating on the first surface of the glass; And / or, the heating device further comprises a second heat source, which is disposed in the heating furnace and is used for convection heating the first surface and / or the second surface of the glass.

16. The glass forming apparatus according to claim 11, wherein: The bending and forming device comprises an upper forming mold and a lower forming mold which are arranged opposite to each other, and the glass is bent and formed between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold; The bending and forming device also includes a heat preservation and heating system, which is used to heat the glass between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold so that the temperature of the glass after bending and forming is above 580°C.

17. The glass forming apparatus according to claim 16, wherein: The heat preservation and heating system includes a third heat source, which is arranged at the edge of the upper forming mold. The third heat source is used to perform convection heating on the glass located between the upper forming mold and the lower forming mold. The convection heating temperature is greater than or equal to 400°C.

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