Flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower

Abstract

A flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower, comprising a purification tower body (11), the purification tower body (11) having a flue gas inlet (101) and a flue gas outlet (102), and the purification tower body (11) having a cooling chamber (103), an adsorption chamber (104), a flue gas discharge chamber (105) and a transition chamber (106) therein, wherein in the radial direction of the purification tower body (11), the flue gas discharge chamber (105) surrounds the adsorption chamber (104), the adsorption chamber (104) surrounds the transition chamber (106), and the transition chamber (106) surrounds the cooling chamber (103); the cooling chamber (103) is in communication with the flue gas inlet (101), and a cooling device is provided in the cooling chamber (103) and is configured to cool a flue gas to be purified, which is supplied from the flue gas inlet (101) into the cooling chamber (103), to a low-temperature flue gas with a sub-zero temperature; an adsorbent is provided in the adsorption chamber (104) for purifying, by means of low-temperature adsorption, the cooled low-temperature flue gas, which enters the adsorption chamber (104) from the cooling chamber (103), into a clean flue gas; the flue gas discharge chamber (105) is in communication with the flue gas outlet (102), so as to discharge the clean flue gas, which enters the flue gas discharge chamber (105) from the adsorption chamber (104), through the flue gas outlet (102); and the transition chamber (106) is located between the cooling chamber (103) and the adsorption chamber (104), allowing the low-temperature flue gas to enter the transition chamber (106) from the cooling chamber (103) through an inlet of the transition chamber (106), and then enter the adsorption chamber (104) from the transition chamber (106), and the inlet of the transition chamber (106) is away from the flue gas inlet (101) in the axial direction of the purification tower body (11).

Description

Flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2023113646976 filed in China on October 20, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of flue gas adsorption purification, and in particular to a flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower. Background Art

[0004] Coal-fired and incineration flue gases generate large amounts of pollutants, a major threat to the atmospheric environment and human health. Widely used pollutant removal technologies for large-scale coal-fired and incineration boilers include bag filters, electrostatic precipitators, limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification. In-furnace calcium injection desulfurization and non-selective catalytic reduction (SNCR) denitrification are also widely used in small and medium-sized fluidized bed boilers. These pollutant removal technologies utilize a process approach that removes pollutants individually, with systems connected in series. This results in complex processes and high operating costs.

[0005] Related technologies also propose the use of adsorbents to absorb flue gas. Traditional adsorption purification typically involves high-temperature adsorption, where hot flue gas from boilers is cooled to around 200°C before undergoing high-temperature adsorption in an adsorption tower. However, high-temperature adsorption suffers from poor adsorption efficiency, resulting in high pollutant levels in the flue gas, making direct emission impossible.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present disclosure is based on the inventors' findings and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0008] Related technologies have proposed integrated low-temperature flue gas pollutant removal technology, which first cools the flue gas through a spray cooling tower and then transports the cooled flue gas to an adsorption tower for adsorption. While this type of pollutant removal technology can achieve integrated removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas, it requires a large number of towers and equipment, resulting in a complex system, large floor space, high costs, and low removal efficiency and effectiveness.

[0009] The integrated removal technology for low-temperature flue gas pollutants in related technologies requires at least a spray cooling tower and an adsorption tower, resulting in a large area and cost. After the flue gas is cooled in the spray cooling tower, it needs to be transported to the adsorption tower through a pipeline, which increases the cost. The connection and layout of the pipelines take up a large space, and the pipeline transportation process is time-consuming, resulting in a reduction in the removal efficiency of the entire system. In addition, the ambient temperature will affect the temperature of the flue gas during the pipeline transportation process, resulting in a loss of cooling capacity, which leads to a reduction in the removal effect. For this reason, the spray cooling tower and the pipeline connected to the adsorption tower need to be equipped with an insulation layer, further increasing the cost.

[0010] The presently disclosed embodiments aim to address, at least to some extent, one of the technical issues in the related art. To this end, the presently disclosed embodiments propose a combined flue gas cooling and adsorption purification tower. This combined flue gas cooling and adsorption purification tower achieves both flue gas cooling and low-temperature adsorption within a single tower, reducing the number of devices, improving integration, saving space, and lowering costs.

[0011] The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the disclosed embodiment includes a purification tower body, the purification tower body has a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, the purification tower body is provided with a cooling chamber, an adsorption chamber, a smoke exhaust chamber and a transition chamber, in the radial direction of the purification tower body, the smoke exhaust chamber surrounds the adsorption chamber, the adsorption chamber surrounds the transition chamber, the transition chamber surrounds the cooling chamber, the cooling chamber is communicated with the smoke inlet, a cooling device is provided in the cooling chamber, the cooling device is used to cool the smoke to be purified supplied from the smoke inlet to the cooling chamber into low-temperature smoke at a sub-zero temperature The adsorption chamber has an adsorbent for low-temperature adsorption and purification of the cooled low-temperature flue gas entering the adsorption chamber from the cooling chamber into clean flue gas. The exhaust chamber is connected to the smoke outlet to discharge the clean flue gas entering the exhaust chamber from the adsorption chamber through the smoke outlet. The transition chamber is located between the cooling chamber and the adsorption chamber, so that the low-temperature flue gas enters the transition chamber from the cooling chamber through the inlet of the transition chamber and then enters the adsorption chamber from the transition chamber. The inlet of the transition chamber is far away from the smoke inlet in the axial direction of the purification tower body.

[0012] In the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling and low-temperature adsorption processes of the flue gas are integrated in a single tower. Compared with related technologies, a separate spray cooling tower is eliminated, the number of towers and the connecting pipes between the towers are reduced, the integration of the purification tower body is improved, and the equipment footprint and space are reduced. For example, 20%-30% of the floor space can be saved. In addition, there is no need to set insulation materials on the cooling tower and the pipeline between it and the adsorption tower, which reduces construction costs.

[0013] In related technologies, flue gas cooled in a spray tower is transported to an adsorption tower via pipelines, resulting in long transport distances and cooling losses. In the combined flue gas cooling and adsorption purification tower of the disclosed embodiment, flue gas cooled in a cooling chamber within the purification tower body is directly transported to an adsorption chamber, reducing the transport distance by at least one spray tower height, saving time, improving flue gas removal efficiency, and avoiding cooling losses during pipeline transport, thereby enhancing the flue gas purification effect.

[0014] Furthermore, in the related art, the connection between a separate spray tower and a separate adsorption tower requires pipes, elbows, and other workpieces. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the disclosed embodiment eliminates pipes, valves, and elbows, further saving space and reducing costs.

[0015] In the related art, the spray tower is directly exposed to the external environment, and there is a problem of cold loss. In the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption chamber is arranged around the cooling chamber, thereby avoiding at least 5%-20% of the cold loss of the cooling chamber itself, for example, at least reducing the cold loss by 5%-20%, that is, the cold energy dissipated from the cooling chamber also enters the adsorption chamber, which is conducive to promoting low-temperature adsorption in the adsorption chamber and improving the adsorption effect.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cooling device includes a spray cooling component, which is used to spray cooling liquid to directly cool the flue gas to be purified in the cooling chamber. The height of the spray cooling component is higher than the height of the smoke inlet.

[0017] In some embodiments, a filler is provided in the cooling chamber between the smoke inlet and the spray cooling component.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cooling device includes a condenser to indirectly cool the flue gas to be purified in the cooling chamber.

[0019] In some embodiments, the purification tower body is a vertical container, and the purification tower body is provided with an inner shell and an outer shell spaced apart from the inside to the outside. The inner shell has an inner cavity constituting the cooling cavity, the adsorption cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, and the smoke exhaust cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner wall of the purification tower body.

[0020] In some embodiments, a packing tube is provided in the inner cavity of the inner shell, and a packing is provided in the packing tube. The cooling device includes a spray cooling component for spraying cooling liquid from above the packing. The inner cavity of the packing tube constitutes the cooling cavity, and a transition cavity is formed between the outer wall of the packing tube and the wall of the inner cavity of the inner shell, so that the low-temperature flue gas enters the adsorption cavity through the transition cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments, the smoke inlet is adjacent to the bottom of the purification tower body, the smoke outlet is located at the top of the purification tower body, the smoke inlet is connected to the lower part of the inner cavity of the filling tube, and the cooled flue gas to be purified enters the transition cavity from the upper end of the filling tube. The density of the air inlet holes on the inner shell adjacent to the transition cavity gradually increases from top to bottom, and the density of the air outlet holes on the outer shell adjacent to the smoke exhaust cavity gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0022] In some embodiments, the adsorption chamber has an adsorbent inlet at the top and an adsorbent outlet at the bottom, so that the adsorbent is continuously or intermittently supplied into the adsorption chamber from the adsorbent inlet and continuously or intermittently flows out of the adsorption chamber from the adsorbent outlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG2 is a top view of the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the adsorbent of the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] Purification tower body 11, smoke inlet 101, smoke outlet 102, cooling chamber 103, adsorption chamber 104, adsorption unit 1041, breathable shell 10411, smoke exhaust chamber 105, transition chamber 106, adsorbent inlet 107, adsorbent outlet 108, coolant outlet 109,

[0028] Spray cooling component 21,

[0029] Filling cylinder 31, filler 311,

[0030] Inner shell 411 and outer shell 412. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, but should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0032] The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the present disclosure includes a purification tower body 11. The purification tower body 11 has a smoke inlet 101 and a smoke outlet 102, and has a cooling chamber 103, an adsorption chamber 104 and a smoke exhaust chamber 105 therein.

[0034] The cooling chamber 103 is connected to the smoke inlet 101 and is equipped with a cooling device. This device is used to cool the flue gas to be purified, which is supplied from the smoke inlet 101 to the cooling chamber 103. For example, this device can cool the high-temperature flue gas from a boiler to a sub-zero temperature. The adsorption chamber 104 contains an adsorbent, which is used to absorb and purify the cooled low-temperature flue gas entering the adsorption chamber 104 from the cooling chamber 103 into clean flue gas through low-temperature adsorption. The exhaust chamber 105 is connected to the smoke outlet 102, so that the clean flue gas entering the exhaust chamber 105 from the adsorption chamber 104 can be discharged through the smoke outlet 102.

[0035] In some embodiments, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is, for example, -80°C to -5°C.

[0036] In some embodiments, the low-temperature flue gas has a temperature of -20°C to -10°C. The inventors have discovered through research that the lower the flue gas temperature, the more beneficial it is for adsorption purification. However, too low a flue gas temperature complicates the structure of the flue gas cooling equipment and increases energy consumption. For example, insulation layers are required for the cooling equipment, adsorption tower, and pipelines, requiring high sealing performance, which increases costs. Furthermore, excessively low temperatures can easily lead to condensation in the adsorption tower, causing the adsorbent to stick and clog, affecting adsorption. Therefore, cooling the flue gas to a temperature of -20°C to -10°C is advantageous.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, an adsorbent can be filled in a breathable housing 10411 to form an adsorption unit 1041. That is, as shown in FIG3 , the adsorption unit 1041 includes a breathable housing 10411 and an adsorbent filled in the breathable housing 10411. The adsorbent can be a granular or powdered adsorbent, or an adsorbent body made of a powdered or granular adsorbent, such as a spherical body or a cylinder formed by a powdered or granular adsorbent through a binder. Of course, a protective shell can be further formed outside the adsorbent body, such as a breathable film covering the outside of the adsorbent body, to further improve the strength of the adsorbent body. The breathable housing 10411 has air holes, and the flue gas can enter the breathable housing 10411 through the air holes. The flue gas can pass through the gaps between adjacent adsorbents and / or the holes in the adsorbent itself, thereby reducing direct collisions, friction and wear between adsorbents, and the generation of dust. The breathable shell 10411 can be in the shape of a rotating body such as a sphere or a cylinder, wherein the diameter of the adsorption unit 1041 is 10 mm to 100 mm, and the diameter of the adsorbent is 1 mm to 10 mm.

[0038] By placing the adsorbent in the breathable shell 10411 to form the adsorption unit 1041, on the one hand, the dust generated by the collision between the adsorbents can be reduced; on the other hand, it is beneficial to increase the contact area between the flue gas and the adsorbent and improve the air permeability of the adsorbent, which is particularly beneficial for low-temperature adsorption.

[0039] It should be understood that the flue gas supplied to the cooling chamber 103 through the smoke inlet 101 is the flue gas to be purified containing pollutants, and the flue gas discharged from the adsorption chamber 104 and entering the smoke exhaust chamber 105 is the clean flue gas with pollutants removed.

[0040] For example, the smoke inlet 101 of the purification tower body 11 is connected to the outlet of the smoke outlet channel of a boiler (e.g., in a power plant or steel mill), so that the flue gas to be purified is transported into the purification tower body 11 for purification. The smoke outlet 102 of the purification tower body 11 can be connected to a chimney to discharge the clean flue gas that meets the standards directly into the atmosphere through the chimney, thereby achieving near-zero emissions. The smoke outlet 102 of the purification tower body 11 can also be connected to a cold recovery device (such as a cold recovery tower) to further utilize the cold energy in the clean flue gas, reducing energy consumption and costs.

[0041] The flue gas to be purified enters the cooling chamber 103 through the smoke inlet 101, and the flue gas in the cooling chamber 103 is cooled to a set temperature (low-temperature flue gas in the sub-zero temperature zone) by the cooling device. The cooled low-temperature flue gas flows into the adsorption chamber 104, and the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber 104 removes pollutants in the flue gas and purifies it into clean flue gas by low-temperature adsorption. The clean flue gas flows into the exhaust chamber 105 and is discharged from the purification tower body 11 through the smoke outlet 102.

[0042] The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure integrates the cooling and adsorption processes of the flue gas in one tower. Compared with the method in the related art of first cooling the flue gas through a separate spray tower and then sending it to a separate adsorption tower for adsorption through a pipeline, the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure reduces the number of towers, eliminates the pipeline between the cooling tower and the adsorption tower, and the insulation layer on the cooling tower and the pipeline between the cooling tower and the adsorption tower, thereby improving the integration of the purification equipment, reducing the floor area by at least 20%-30%, saving space, and reducing construction costs.

[0043] Compared to the related art method of connecting a separate spray tower and a separate adsorption tower via pipelines, which not only requires a large amount of equipment and complex connections, but also results in significant cooling losses, the combined flue gas cooling and adsorption purification tower of the disclosed embodiment reduces the transport distance by at least one spray tower height, saving time and improving flue gas removal efficiency. It also avoids the problem of cooling loss during pipeline transport, fully utilizing the cooling capacity generated by the cooling device and improving the flue gas removal effect.

[0044] Moreover, compared with the related art in which the pipeline is connected to the tower through an elbow, the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure eliminates the pipeline and elbow, further saves space, simplifies installation and maintenance work, reduces the probability of leakage, and reduces costs.

[0045] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the purification tower body 11 also has a transition chamber 106, which is located between the cooling chamber 103 and the adsorption chamber 104, so that the cooled low-temperature flue gas enters the transition chamber 106 from the cooling chamber 103 through the inlet of the transition chamber 106 and then enters the adsorption chamber 104 from the transition chamber 106.

[0046] It is understandable that since the flue gas transported from the boiler to the cooling chamber 103 usually has a high flow rate, the flue gas slows down to a certain extent during the cooling process in the cooling chamber 103, but the flow rate of the cooled low-temperature flue gas is still relatively fast. If it directly enters the adsorption chamber 104, it will not only impact the adsorbent and cause damage to the adsorbent, but also the adsorption time of the flue gas in the adsorption chamber 104 is short, resulting in poor pollutant removal effect.

[0047] Therefore, by setting a transition chamber 106 between the cooling chamber 103 and the adsorption chamber 104, the low-temperature flue gas cooled in the cooling chamber 103 first flows into the transition chamber 106 for buffering, slowing down the flow rate of the flue gas, and then flows into the adsorption chamber 104 for adsorption purification, avoiding impact on the adsorbent, increasing the contact time between the flue gas and the adsorbent, thereby improving the removal effect of pollutants in the flue gas.

[0048] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the inlet of the transition chamber 106 is away from the smoke inlet 101 so that the smoke entering the cooling chamber 103 can be fully cooled in the cooling chamber 103 , thereby preventing the smoke that has just entered the cooling chamber 103 and has not been fully cooled from flowing into the transition chamber 106 and affecting the adsorption effect.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cooling chamber 103, transition chamber 106, adsorption chamber 104, and smoke exhaust chamber 105 within the purification tower body 11 may be arranged in various ways. For example, the cooling chamber 103, transition chamber 106, adsorption chamber 104, and smoke exhaust chamber 105 may be arranged in sequence horizontally, or the cooling chamber 103, transition chamber 106, adsorption chamber 104, and smoke exhaust chamber 105 may be arranged in sequence vertically.

[0050] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, in the radial direction of the purification tower body 11, the exhaust chamber 105 surrounds the adsorption chamber 104, the adsorption chamber 104 surrounds the transition chamber 106, and the transition chamber 106 surrounds the cooling chamber 103. In other words, in the radial direction of the purification tower body 11, from the inside to the outside, there are the cooling chamber 103, the transition chamber 106, the adsorption chamber 104, and the exhaust chamber 105. This further improves the integration of the purification tower body, fully utilizes the cooling capacity generated by the cooling device, improves the adsorption effect, and reduces energy consumption and costs.

[0051] Compared to spray towers in related technologies, cooling losses can occur if the tower walls are not insulated, and costs can increase if insulation is implemented. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the disclosed embodiment locates the cooling chamber 103 in the middle area of ​​the purification tower body 11, and surrounds the adsorption chamber 104. The adsorption chamber 104 insulates the cooling chamber 103, preventing the cooling energy of the cooling chamber 103 from being lost to the external environment.

[0052] Therefore, the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure not only avoids the loss of cold during the flue gas transportation process through the pipeline, but also avoids the loss of cold in the cooling chamber 103. Compared with the spray tower of the related technology, the flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower of the embodiment of the present disclosure reduces the loss of cold by at least 5%-20%.

[0053] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling chamber 103, the cross-sectional area of ​​the transition chamber 106, the cross-sectional area of ​​the adsorption chamber 104 and the cross-sectional area of ​​the smoke exhaust chamber 105 is approximately 1:3:5:7, which further improves the compactness of the structure of the purification tower body 11 while ensuring stable circulation of flue gas.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the cooling device includes a spray cooling component 21 for spraying a coolant to directly cool the flue gas to be purified within the cooling chamber 103. The height of the spray cooling component 21 is higher than the height of the smoke inlet 101 to avoid ineffective spraying by the spray cooling component 21.

[0055] In some embodiments, a filler 311 is further provided in the cooling chamber 103 between the smoke inlet 101 and the spray cooling component 21. It is understood that in the cooling chamber 103, the smoke flows from bottom to top through the filler 311, and the spray cooling liquid flows from top to bottom through the filler 311. The smoke exchanges heat with the cooling liquid in the filler 311, so that the smoke temperature is reduced to the set cooling temperature.

[0056] The purification tower body 11 is further provided with a cooling liquid outlet 109 communicating with the cooling chamber 103 . The cooling liquid sprayed by the spray cooling component 21 falls to the bottom of the cooling chamber 103 and is discharged out of the tower through the cooling liquid outlet 109 .

[0057] In some embodiments, the coolant outlet 109 is located below the smoke inlet 101 , thereby preventing the coolant accumulated at the bottom of the cooling cavity 103 from flowing into the smoke inlet 101 .

[0058] In some embodiments, the cooling chamber 103 may include a multi-stage spray cooling component 21 and a multi-stage filler 311. For example, from bottom to top, the multi-stage spray cooling component 21 is sequentially defined as a first-stage spray cooling component, a second-stage spray cooling component, and a third-stage spray cooling component, and from bottom to top, the multi-stage filler 311 is sequentially defined as a first-stage filler, a second-stage filler, and a third-stage filler. Thus, the cooling chamber 103 is divided into three layers from bottom to top.

[0059] Among them, a second-stage liquid collector and a second-stage air lifting cap are provided between the first-stage spray cooling component and the second-stage filler. The second-stage liquid collector is used to collect the coolant sprayed by the second-stage spray cooling component. The second-stage air lifting cap is used to prevent the coolant sprayed by the second-stage spray cooling component from entering the first-layer cooling cavity, and also allows the flue gas cooled by the first-stage spray cooling component to enter the second-layer cooling cavity.

[0060] Similarly, a third-stage liquid collector and a third-stage air lift cap are provided between the second-stage spray cooling component and the third-stage filler. The third-stage liquid collector is used to collect the coolant sprayed by the third-stage spray cooling component, and the third-stage air lift cap is used to prevent the coolant sprayed by the third-stage spray cooling component from entering the second-layer cooling cavity, and also allows the flue gas cooled by the second-stage spray cooling component to enter the third-layer cooling cavity.

[0061] The smoke inlet 101 and the coolant outlet 109 are both located below the first-stage filler. It is understandable that after the smoke enters the cooling chamber 103, it passes through the three layers of cooling chambers 103 in sequence for step-by-step cooling. In the first-stage filler, the smoke exchanges heat with the coolant (normal temperature spray cooling water) sprayed by the first-stage spray cooling component, so that its temperature drops to near room temperature. In the second-stage filler, the smoke exchanges heat with the coolant (chilled water) sprayed by the second-stage spray cooling component, so that its temperature drops to about 5°C. In the third-stage filler, the smoke exchanges heat with the coolant (low-temperature refrigerant) sprayed by the third-stage spray cooling component, so that its temperature drops to the sub-zero temperature zone, for example, -20°C to -15°C.

[0062] The cooling capacity of the cooling liquid sprayed by the first-stage spray cooling component can be obtained through a cooling tower, and the cooling capacity of the cooling liquid sprayed by the second-stage spray cooling component and the cooling capacity of the cooling liquid sprayed by the third-stage spray cooling component can be obtained through the refrigeration system of the power plant.

[0063] Thus, after three-stage cooling, the flue gas is cooled to below zero. The cooled flue gas enters the adsorption chamber 104 through the transition chamber 106 and is adsorbed by the adsorbent to remove various pollutants such as SO2, NOx, dust and mercury from the flue gas.

[0064] It should be understood that in the low-temperature environment of the sub-zero temperature zone, the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas undergo low-temperature oxidation and adsorption on the surface of adsorbents such as activated carbon, oxidizing the difficult-to-adsorb nitric oxide gas into easily adsorbed nitrogen dioxide gas, achieving a hundreds-fold increase in adsorption capacity. In addition, the adsorption capacity of components such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and heavy metals also increases exponentially in low-temperature environments.

[0065] In other embodiments, the cooling device includes a condenser to indirectly cool the flue gas to be purified in the cooling chamber 103 .

[0066] In some embodiments, the condenser is an S-shaped, spiral or vortex-shaped heat exchange tube disposed in the cooling chamber 103 , and a cooling medium is passed through the heat exchange tube so that the flue gas contacts the heat exchange tube for indirect cooling.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the purification tower body 11 is a vertical container, that is, the height of the purification tower body 11 is much greater than the diameter of the purification tower body 11 .

[0068] The purification tower body 11 includes an inner shell 411 and an outer shell 412 spaced apart from each other from the inside out. The inner shell 411 has an inner cavity constituting a cooling chamber 103, an adsorption chamber 104 is formed between the inner shell 411 and the outer shell 412, and a smoke exhaust chamber 105 is formed between the outer shell 412 and the inner wall of the purification tower body 11.

[0069] A packing tube 31 is provided in the inner cavity of the inner shell 411, and a packing 311 is provided in the packing tube 31. The inner cavity of the packing tube 31 constitutes a cooling cavity 103, and a transition cavity 106 is formed between the outer wall of the packing tube 31 and the wall of the inner cavity of the inner shell 411, so that the cooled flue gas to be purified enters the adsorption cavity 104 through the transition cavity 106.

[0070] In some specific embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, the purification tower body 11, the inner shell 411, the outer shell 412 and the filling cylinder 31 are all arranged vertically, and the central axis of the purification tower body 11, the central axis of the inner shell 411, the central axis of the outer shell 412 and the central axis of the filling cylinder 31 are coaxial.

[0071] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the smoke inlet 101 is adjacent to the bottom of the purification tower body 11 , and the smoke outlet 102 is located at the top of the purification tower body 11 .

[0072] The smoke inlet 101 is connected to the lower part of the inner cavity of the packing tube 31. The flue gas to be purified enters the inner cavity (cooling cavity 103) of the packing tube 31 through the smoke inlet 101, and the flue gas flows from bottom to top. A cooling device is provided in the packing tube 31 to cool the flue gas in the inner cavity of the packing tube 31. The cooled flue gas enters the transition cavity 106 from the upper end of the packing tube 31. The cooled flue gas flows from top to bottom in the transition cavity 106 and flows horizontally into the adsorption cavity 104. Under the adsorption action of the adsorbent, various pollutants such as SO2, NOx, dust and mercury are removed from the cooled flue gas to generate clean flue gas. The clean flue gas flows into the exhaust cavity 105, flows from bottom to top in the exhaust cavity 105 to the smoke outlet 102 and is discharged outside the tower.

[0073] In some embodiments, the inner shell 411 is provided with a first vent for the cooled flue gas to be purified to pass through, and the outer shell 412 is provided with a second vent for the clean flue gas to pass through. The size of the first vent and the second vent are both smaller than the size of the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber 104, so as to prevent the adsorbent from flowing out through the first and second vents. For example, the vent is a hole or a wire mesh.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first ventilation portion is composed of multiple air inlet holes, and the density of the air inlet holes on the inner shell 411 gradually increases from top to bottom. If the air inlet holes on the inner shell 411 are evenly distributed from top to bottom, the majority of the flue gas flowing from the cooling chamber 103 into the transition chamber 106 directly enters the adsorption chamber 104 through the air inlet holes in the upper portion of the transition chamber 106, while a smaller portion enters the adsorption chamber 104 through the air inlet holes in the lower portion of the transition chamber 106. This results in uneven use of the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber 104 and reduces adsorbent utilization. Therefore, the number of air inlet holes in the upper portion of the transition chamber 106 is smaller than the number of air inlet holes in the lower portion of the transition chamber 106, thereby limiting the amount of smoke passing through the upper portion of the transition chamber 106 and allowing the flue gas to flow downward and pass through the air inlet holes in the lower portion of the transition chamber 106, thereby improving adsorbent utilization.

[0075] The second ventilation portion is composed of a plurality of air outlet holes, and the density of the air outlet holes on the outer shell 412 gradually decreases from top to bottom, so as to increase the adsorption time of the smoke in the adsorption chamber 104 and improve the adsorption effect.

[0076] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the adsorption chamber 104 has an adsorbent inlet 107 at its top and an adsorbent outlet 108 at its bottom, so that the adsorbent is continuously or intermittently supplied into the adsorption chamber 104 from the adsorbent inlet 107 and continuously or intermittently flows out of the adsorption chamber 104 from the adsorbent outlet 108 .

[0077] In some embodiments, the adsorbent inlet 107 and the adsorbent outlet 108 are both provided with control valves to control the on-off of the adsorbent inlet 107 and the adsorbent outlet 108, thereby determining whether the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber 104 flows continuously or intermittently according to actual working conditions, that is, the adsorbent forms a continuous or intermittent moving adsorbent bed in the adsorption chamber 104.

[0078] When the adsorbent flows continuously, the control valves of the adsorbent inlet 107 and the adsorbent outlet 108 are in an open state, and the adsorbent is continuously supplied into the adsorption chamber 104 from the adsorbent inlet 107 and continuously discharged from the adsorption chamber 104 from the adsorbent outlet 108 .

[0079] During intermittent adsorbent flow, the control valve of the adsorbent inlet 107 is open, and the control valve of the adsorbent outlet 108 is closed. The adsorbent enters the adsorption chamber 104 from the adsorbent inlet 107 and moves downward along the wall of the adsorption chamber 104. After filling the adsorption chamber 104, the control valve of the adsorbent inlet 107 is closed. After the adsorbent is saturated, the control valve of the adsorbent outlet 108 is opened, and the adsorbent is discharged from the adsorption chamber 104 through the adsorbent outlet 108.

[0080] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0081] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0082] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication between them; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0083] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0084] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0085] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present disclosure. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0086] All embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented individually or in combination with other embodiments, and are all considered to be within the scope of protection claimed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower, characterized in that: The invention comprises a purification tower body, wherein the purification tower body has a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, and the purification tower body is provided with a cooling chamber, an adsorption chamber, a smoke exhaust chamber and a transition chamber. In the radial direction of the purification tower body, the smoke exhaust chamber surrounds the adsorption chamber, the adsorption chamber surrounds the transition chamber, and the transition chamber surrounds the cooling chamber. The cooling chamber is communicated with the smoke inlet, and a cooling device is arranged in the cooling chamber. The cooling device is used to cool the smoke to be purified supplied from the smoke inlet to the cooling chamber into low-temperature smoke of sub-zero temperature. The adsorption chamber has an adsorbent, which is used to purify the cooled low-temperature smoke entering the adsorption chamber from the cooling chamber into clean smoke by low-temperature adsorption. The smoke exhaust chamber is communicated with the smoke outlet to discharge the clean smoke entering the smoke exhaust chamber from the adsorption chamber through the smoke outlet. The transition chamber is located between the cooling chamber and the adsorption chamber so that the low-temperature smoke enters the transition chamber from the cooling chamber through the inlet of the transition chamber and then enters the adsorption chamber from the transition chamber. The inlet of the transition chamber is far away from the smoke inlet in the axial direction of the purification tower body.

2. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device comprises a spray cooling component, which is used for spraying cooling liquid to directly cool the flue gas to be purified in the cooling chamber, and the height of the spray cooling component is higher than the height of the smoke inlet.

3. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The cooling cavity is provided with a filler located between the smoke inlet and the spray cooling component.

4. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cooling device comprises a condenser to indirectly cool the flue gas to be purified in the cooling chamber.

5. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The purification tower body is a vertical container, and is provided with an inner shell and an outer shell spaced apart from the inside to the outside. The inner shell has an inner cavity constituting the cooling cavity, the adsorption cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell, and the smoke exhaust cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner wall of the purification tower body.

6. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A packing tube is provided in the inner cavity of the inner shell, and packing is provided in the packing tube. The cooling device includes a spray cooling component for spraying cooling liquid from above the packing. The inner cavity of the packing tube constitutes the cooling cavity, and a transition cavity is formed between the outer wall of the packing tube and the wall of the inner cavity of the inner shell, so that the low-temperature flue gas enters the adsorption cavity through the transition cavity.

7. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The smoke inlet is adjacent to the bottom of the purification tower body, and the smoke outlet is located at the top of the purification tower body. The smoke inlet is connected to the lower part of the inner cavity of the filling tube. The cooled flue gas to be purified enters the transition cavity from the upper end of the filling tube. The density of the air inlet holes on the inner shell adjacent to the transition cavity gradually increases from top to bottom, and the density of the air outlet holes on the outer shell adjacent to the smoke exhaust cavity gradually decreases from top to bottom.

8. The flue gas cooling and adsorption combined purification tower according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The adsorption chamber has an adsorbent inlet at the top and an adsorbent outlet at the bottom, so that the adsorbent is continuously or intermittently supplied into the adsorption chamber from the adsorbent inlet and continuously or intermittently flows out of the adsorption chamber from the adsorbent outlet.

Images