Hot gas filtering system for filtering flue gases

Abstract

The invention relates to a hot gas filtering system (1) for filtering flue gases, in particular from cement clinker production, comprising: multiple filter candles (2), in particular high-temperature filter candles; a filter base (3) which has multiple filter-base openings (4) and on which the multiple filter candles (2) are arranged; and a hold-down device (6) for holding the filter candles (2) down against the filter base (3), wherein the hold-down device (6) has multiple individual hold-down elements (7) intended to each hold down exactly one of the filter candles (2).

Description

[0001] Hot gas filter system for filtering exhaust gases

[0002] The invention relates to a hot gas filter system for filtering exhaust gases, in particular from cement clinker production, comprising: a plurality of filter candles, in particular with high-temperature fibers, a filter base having a plurality of filter base openings on which the plurality of filter candles are arranged, a hold-down device for holding the filter candles down against the filter base.

[0003] Furthermore, the invention relates to a plant for producing cement clinker with such a hot gas filter system for dedusting a raw gas from cement clinker production.

[0004] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for temporarily continuing operation of a hot gas filter system when a defect occurs in one of the filter candles and to a method for replacing a defective filter candle with a new filter candle in a hot gas filter system.

[0005] Such a hot gas filter is known from EP 3 871 749. The hot gas filter has a large number of filter candles which are mounted upright on a filter base. The filter candles have widened filter collars which are arranged around openings in the filter base. Ring seals are provided on the underside of the filter collars to prevent raw gas from escaping into the clean gas chamber. To ensure tightness, the prior art provides large-area hold-down plates with which, for example, six filter candles are pressed against the filter base. To mount the hold-down plates, a large number of welding bolts which are provided with spacer sleeves are arranged on the filter base. The hold-down plates are put onto the welding bolts, held at the desired distance from the filter base with the spacer sleeves and finally screwed tight with nuts.The initial installation of this hot gas filter is generally straightforward. The large retaining plate allows for a large number of filter cartridges to be arranged close to the filter base.

[0006] In practice, however, replacing a defective filter candle in a hot gas filter has proven to be very time-consuming and difficult. To do the replacement, the large hold-down plate must be removed and the defective filter candle replaced. The ring seals on such hot gas filters are often made of felt, which require a defined pressure. The spacer sleeves are used to specify the height between the filter base and the candle collar. This is to ensure that the ring seals are not pressed down too tightly or too lightly in order to guarantee a tight seal at the filter base. However, when the large hold-down plate is removed, the ring seals on all filter candles that were pressed with the same hold-down plate are released. This means that the defined pressure on the ring seals is no longer present once the hold-down plate is removed.With the current state of the art, there is no other option than to replace the seals of the other filter candles using the same hold-down device. However, this is very time-consuming because the filter candles have to be lifted out completely from the filter base in order to be able to slide the ring seals onto the filter candles from below. The filter candles then have to be inserted into the filter base from above. Finally, the large hold-down plate can be provided again. Handling the filter candles during replacement is very delicate because the filter candles, which are often made of high-temperature material, are brittle and prone to breakage. It would therefore be desirable to keep handling of the filter candles to a minimum.Another disadvantage of the current state of the art is that there is no easy way to temporarily continue operation despite a broken filter candle, for example if a replacement candle is not immediately available.

[0007] The object of the present invention is therefore to reduce or eliminate at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art. The invention preferably aims to create a hot gas filter system that simplifies the replacement of a defective filter candle or the temporary continued operation of the hot gas filter in the event of a defect in one of the filter candles.

[0008] This object is achieved by a hot gas filter system according to claim 1, a system for producing cement clinker according to claim 13, a method for temporarily continuing to operate a hot gas filter system according to claim 14, and a method for replacing a defective filter candle according to claim 15. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0009] According to the invention, the holding-down device has a plurality of individual holding-down devices, each for holding down exactly one of the filter candles.

[0010] The individual hold-down devices can be fitted and removed individually. This means that one of the individual hold-down devices can be removed without having to loosen any of the other individual hold-down devices. Removing an individual hold-down device only releases one filter candle, which is then pressed against the filter base with the individual hold-down device. The press fit of the other filter candles remains intact. If a defect occurs on one of the filter candles, the corresponding individual hold-down device can be removed, the defective filter candle replaced and the individual hold-down device refitted. While the filter candle is being replaced, the other individual hold-down devices remain fitted on the filter base so that the contact pressure on the other filter candles is maintained. This means that replacing one filter candle does not affect the other filter candles.The design according to the invention also makes it possible, as will be described in more detail below, to temporarily close one of the filter base openings in a simple manner by arranging a blind closure element if no suitable replacement candle is available.

[0011] The filter candles have elongated filter bodies enclosing an internal cavity. The length of the filter body (i.e., the longitudinal extent of the filter candle from the underside of the filter base to the lower end) can be more than 2.5 meters, preferably more than 3 meters, for example more than 3.5 meters, in particular more than 5 meters, but also more than 5.5 meters, for example substantially 6 meters.

[0012] The filter bodies preferably comprise high-temperature fibers, for example, aluminum silicate fibers or calcium-magnesium silicate fibers. In one possible process for producing the filter candle, a fiber slurry is sucked through a vacuum mold and then dried in a gas oven. This increases the strength of the filter candle, but the filter candle remains fragile and brittle. Filter candles with high-temperature fibers are often referred to as "ceramic filter candles."

[0013] At their upper ends, the filter candles can each have a filter collar which is wider than the filter body. The filter collar rests on the upper side of the filter base and preferably extends in a ring around the filter base opening. From the filter base, the filter candles preferably extend essentially vertically downwards. The raw gas passes through the filter body from the outside to the inside, where the raw gas is freed of pollutants, in particular dedusted. The resulting clean gas flows from the inner cavity of the filter body through the filter base opening into a clean room, from which the clean gas can be withdrawn.

[0014] The hot gas filter system filters raw gas, which is typically generated during cement clinker production. For example, this gas can be exhaust gases from a clinker cooler, a preheater, or bypass exhaust gases from a kiln bypass in a cement clinker production plant.

[0015] For the purposes of this disclosure, the location and direction specifications, such as "top," "bottom," "upper," "bottom," "upward," and "downward," refer to the intended use of the hot gas filter system. If the hot gas filter system is to be used in a different arrangement, the location and direction specifications must be transferred accordingly.

[0016] In order to be able to release the individual retaining device for replacing a defective filter cartridge or temporarily blind-closing a defective filter cartridge, a plurality of brackets are preferably arranged on the filter base, to which the individual retaining devices are mounted via reversibly detachable connections, in particular screw connections. "Reversibly detachable" means that the individual retaining devices can be repeatedly mounted and removed from the brackets without damage. The individual retaining devices are preferably connected to the brackets via screw connections with connecting screws.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the holders each have a mounting element, preferably with an external thread, preferably a mounting bolt, particularly preferably a welding bolt. At least one spacer element, preferably at least one spacer disk, in particular one that is reversibly detachable, is arranged on the mounting element. Preferably, at least two spacer elements, preferably at least two spacer disks, are arranged one above the other on the mounting element, in particular lying flat on one another. The individual hold-down devices are mounted on the holders via the reversibly detachable connections, in particular via the screw connections. If a single mounting element is provided, the advantage can be achieved that the number of connections between the holders and the filter base can be reduced.It is particularly advantageous if a welding stud which is welded to the filter base is provided as the mounting element. In the prior art of EP 3 871 749, the same welding studs served both for the connection to the filter base and for the connection to the large-area hold-down plate, which was attached to the welding stud using spacer sleeves. However, this required very long welding studs which, as practice has shown, could no longer be set using welding robots. In contrast, in the preferred embodiment with the mounting element only the connection between the holder and the filter base is established. Each holder also has a plurality of screw connections which are formed separately from the mounting element. Using the screw connections, different individual hold-down devices can be fixed to the same holder.With the at least one spacer element, a defined distance between the individual hold-down device and the filter base can be maintained. For this purpose, the individual hold-down device can rest on the upper side of the at least one spacer element; if there are multiple spacer elements, on the upper side of the uppermost spacer element. The underside of the spacer element; if there are multiple spacer elements, on the underside of the lowest spacer element, can rest on the filter base.

[0018] In order to be able to attach several individual hold-down devices to the same bracket, in a preferred embodiment the brackets each have several, preferably exactly four, connecting screws to form several, preferably exactly four, screw connections. The connecting screws form separate fastening points to which one of the individual hold-down devices can be mounted. Preferably, four connecting screws are provided on each bracket, to which four different individual hold-down devices are mounted. Conversely, each individual hold-down device can be mounted on several, preferably exactly four, brackets. The individual hold-down devices can have mounting holes through which the connecting screws pass. The individual hold-down devices can be fixed to the brackets by screwing nuts onto the connecting screws.The connecting screws are preferably arranged on the at least one spacer element in a reversibly detachable manner. For example, bearing sections of the connecting screws can each be arranged in an opening between two spacer elements of the respective bracket. The spacer elements with the connecting screws can be pre-assembled as spacer and connection packages. During assembly, these spacer and connection packages are placed on the individual mounting elements and can be secured with nuts.

[0019] In order to simplify the assembly of the hot gas filter system and to reduce the number of connection points to the filter base, the connecting screws in a preferred embodiment are each arranged without any connection, in particular free of any welded connection, to the filter base. The connecting screws are therefore not mounted directly on the filter base. The connecting screws are preferably provided on at least one spacer element. This makes assembly easier. A further advantage is that the heat input into the filter base is reduced compared to the known embodiment in which all connecting bolts are welded to the filter base. The small number of connection points in the embodiment according to the invention prevents distortion of the filter base due to the thermal effects during welding.Such a distortion of the filter base could lead to a misalignment of the filter candles in the hot gas filter system, which could cause their lower ends to collide. This could lead to breakage, especially if the filter candles are made of high-temperature fibers, as is preferred. The risk of distortion of the filter base and associated defects is greatly reduced or eliminated by dividing the assembly into the mounting element, which is connected to the filter base, and the individual connecting screws, which are not connected to the filter base.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting screws are each arranged so that they can be tilted relative to the at least one spacer element. Thus, the connecting screws can be tilted during assembly of the individual retaining devices, preferably in all directions relative to a vertical center position. This advantageously allows for adjustment to inaccuracies in the design of the filter candles. This would not be possible with the state of the art using permanently welded mounting bolts.

[0021] In order to enable the filter candles to be pressed against their entire surface, in a preferred embodiment the individual hold-down devices each have a hold-down part, in particular a round part, for resting on the end face (i.e. on the top side) of the respective filter candle, wherein the hold-down parts each have a central clean gas passage opening. The central clean gas passage opening is preferably arranged concentrically to the central clean gas outlet opening on the top side of the filter candle. Both the clean gas passage opening of the individual hold-down device and the clean gas outlet opening of the filter candle are preferably arranged concentrically to the filter base opening.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the individual hold-down devices have a plurality of, preferably exactly four, fastening flanges projecting from the hold-down part, which are connected to the holders via the reversibly detachable connections, in particular via the screw connections. The fastening flanges preferably project outwards in different directions, in particular in a star shape, from the outer circumference of the round part, preferably essentially in the radial direction. The fastening flanges preferably have the mounting holes at which the connecting screws of the holders are arranged.

[0023] Preferably, the individual hold-down devices each have a hold-down plate, which each has the round part and the fastening flanges.

[0024] In order to make assembly and disassembly as easy as possible, the fastening flanges are each connected to exactly one of the brackets in a preferred embodiment.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, spaces are formed between adjacent individual hold-down devices to allow visual inspection of the filter base and / or seals, in particular ring seals, between the filter candles and the filter base. In the prior art with the large-area hold-down plate for six filter candles, the top side of the filter base and the ring seals were typically not visible from above. In contrast, the spaces between the individual hold-down devices allow visual inspection of the filter base and the seals. This advantageously makes it possible to determine whether dust has penetrated, which could indicate a defect.

[0026] The large-area hold-down plates of the prior art had the effect of straightening the filter base if the filter base was distorted by welding or sagging due to the weight of the filter candles or the heat input from the hot gas. To compensate for the weakening of this effect when using individual hold-down plates, a preferred embodiment includes a stiffening structure with longitudinal and / or transverse stiffening elements beneath the filter base, on which the filter base rests. In use, the filter base with the filter base arranged thereon rests on the stiffening structure, which determines the flat shape of the filter base.When using bag filters, the filter base does not have to be perfectly flat because the bag tends to align itself in a straight position due to gravity and there would not necessarily be a risk of failure if the lower ends of the bag filters touched. In contrast, high-temperature filter candles are very stiff and brittle, meaning that self-alignment is not possible and contact between the lower ends can cause the candle to break. This problem is all the more serious the longer the filter candles are. Since longer filter candles are designed for high gas volume flows with a small footprint, there is a trend towards extra long filter candles. With these designs in particular, it is advantageous if the filter base is supported on the stiffening structure.

[0027] In order to reduce the distortion of the filter base, the stiffening structure is preferably free from a material connection, in particular free from a welded connection, with the filter base.

[0028] In the event of a defect, a further filter base opening of the filter base is preferably closed with a blind closure element, wherein the blind closure element is pressed against the filter base with a further individual hold-down device.

[0029] As in the prior art, seals, in particular ring seals, preferably felt seals, are preferably arranged between the filter collars of the filter candles and the filter base. The felt seals can comprise glass fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, or calcium silicate fibers.

[0030] The plant for producing cement clinker according to the invention comprises at least: a kiln plant, in particular a rotary kiln, for burning cement clinker, a hot gas filter plant for dedusting a raw gas from cement clinker production in one of the embodiments described above. The plant for producing cement clinker can, as is customary in the art, have a preheater, in particular a cyclone cascade with several cyclones, for preheating raw material before the raw material enters the kiln plant with a portion of the exhaust gases from the kiln plant and / or a clinker cooler for cooling cement clinker with air and / or a kiln bypass for withdrawing a further portion of the kiln exhaust gases from the outlet of the kiln plant. In preferred applications, the raw gas filtered by the hot gas filter plant can be the exhaust gas exiting the preheater or the exhaust air from the clinker cooler or the portion of the kiln exhaust gases withdrawn via the kiln bypass.Of course, several hot gas filter systems according to the invention can be provided, with which several of the above-described gas streams of the plant for producing cement clinker can be filtered.

[0031] The method according to the invention for temporarily continuing to operate a hot gas filter system in one of the embodiments described above in the event of a defect in one of the filter candles comprises at least the following steps:

[0032] Loosening the individual retaining device with which the defective filter candle is held down, in particular without loosening the individual retaining devices for the other filter candles;

[0033] Preferably remove the defective filter candle so that the corresponding filter base opening is exposed;

[0034] Closing the filter base opening with a blind closure element, and

[0035] Preferably mount the individual hold-down device so that the blind closure element is pressed against the filter base by means of the individual hold-down device.

[0036] The method according to the invention for replacing a defective filter candle with a new filter candle of a hot gas filter system in one of the embodiments described above comprises at least the following steps:

[0037] Loosening the individual retaining device with which the defective filter candle is held down, in particular without loosening the individual retaining devices for the other filter candles;

[0038] Removing the defective filter candle,

[0039] Arranging the new filter candle,

[0040] Mount the individual hold-down device so that the new filter candle is pressed against the filter base.

[0041] The invention is further explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

[0042] Fig. 1 shows a hot gas filter system according to the invention with elongated filter candles.

[0043] Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of a filter base of the hot gas filter system according to the invention, in which the filter candles are pressed against a filter base by individual hold-down devices.

[0044] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show the mounting of brackets for the individual hold-down devices on the filter base.

[0045] Fig. 5 shows a blind closure of one of the filter base openings.

[0046] Fig. 6 shows a stiffening structure for the filter base of the hot gas filter system.

[0047] Fig. 1 shows a hot gas filter system 1 with which exhaust gases can be filtered, in particular freed from dust. The hot gas filter system 1 has a plurality of filter candles 2, preferably more than 20 filter candles, for example more than 60 filter candles 2, which are arranged parallel and spaced from one another in a substantially vertical position. The filter candles each have an elongated filter body made of a hot gas filter material, in particular of high-temperature fibers. "Hot gas filter material" is understood here to mean a filter material having a maximum operating temperature of at least 300°C, preferably of at least 350°C, in particular of at least 450°C or at least 500°C. The maximum operating temperature is the temperature of the raw gases to be filtered, which the raw gases must not exceed during operation to avoid damage to the filter candles 2.This must be distinguished from, for example, bag filters with textile media, which are only designed for maximum operating temperatures of up to 260°C.

[0048] As can be seen from Fig. 2, the hot gas filter system 1 has a plate-shaped filter base 3 in which a plurality of filter base openings 4 are formed. Exactly one of the filter candles 2 is arranged at each filter base opening 4. For this purpose, the filter candles 2 each have a filter collar 5 which extends annularly around the respective filter base opening 4. A seal (not shown), in particular an annular seal, is arranged on the underside of the filter collar 5. To ensure the press fit of the seals, a hold-down device 6 is provided, with which a contact pressure is exerted on the annular upper sides of the filter candles 2.

[0049] As can be seen from Fig. 2, the hold-down device 6 comprises a plurality of individual hold-down devices 7, wherein in the example shown, as many individual hold-down devices 7 are provided as filter cartridges 2. The individual hold-down devices 7 are designed as hold-down plates and are each configured to press exactly one of the filter cartridges 2 against the seals between the filter collar 5 and the filter base 3, but not to exert any contact pressure on the remaining filter cartridges 2. This allows each filter cartridge 2 to be disassembled or assembled individually.

[0050] As can also be seen from Fig. 2, a plurality of holders 8 are arranged on the filter base 3, to which the individual hold-down devices 7 are mounted via reversibly detachable connections, in particular screw connections 9. Four connecting screws 10 are provided on each holder 8, which project upwards from a package of spacer disks 11. The individual hold-down devices 7 each have a hold-down part 12, in the example shown a round part, which rests over its entire surface on the end face of the respective filter candle 2, i.e. on the top side of the filter collar 5. The hold-down parts 12 each enclose a central clean gas passage opening 13, through which the clean gas passes from the inner cavity of the filter candle 2 into a clean room 14 of the hot gas filter system 1. The clean gas passage opening 13 of the individual hold-down device 7 is arranged in alignment with the clean gas outlet opening of the filter candle 2.Each individual hold-down device 7 has several - in the example shown, exactly four - fastening flanges 15 which protrude outwards from the hold-down part 12 (relative to the center of the clean gas passage opening 13). The fastening flanges 15 rest on the top side on the uppermost spacers 11 of the brackets 8. Mounting holes are formed on the fastening flanges 15, with which the individual hold-down devices 7 are placed onto the connecting screws 10. The individual hold-down devices 7 are fixed by nuts 16 which are screwed onto the free ends of the connecting screws 10.

[0051] As further evident from Fig. 2, a free space 17 is formed between each adjacent individual retaining device 7, which provides a view of the adjacent filter collar 5 or the seal arranged underneath. Thus, the free spaces 17 can be used for visual inspection to determine whether dust accumulation indicates a leakage of raw gas.

[0052] Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show the mounting of the brackets 8 on the filter base 3 .

[0053] As can be seen from Fig. 3, during the assembly of the brackets 8, individual assembly elements 18, in the example shown assembly bolts, are first welded onto the filter base 3, preferably using a welding robot.

[0054] As shown in Fig. 4, the sets of spacers 11 are then placed onto the mounting elements 18 together with the connecting screws 10. The brackets 8 are fixed to the filter base 3 by means of nuts 19.

[0055] By arranging the filter candles 2 and the individual hold-down devices 7, the final assembly state according to Fig. 2 is achieved, whereby in Fig. 2 individual filter base openings 4 are left free merely for the sake of a better overview. Since the connecting screws 10 are arranged with play in assembly openings of the package of spacers 11 and are not directly connected to the filter base 3, the connecting screws 10 can be tilted from their shown vertical position (perpendicular to the filter base 3) into an inclined position during assembly of the individual hold-down devices 7, whereby tolerances in the design of the filter candles 2 can be compensated.

[0056] Fig. 5 shows a detail of the hot gas filter system 1, in which a blind closure element 20 is arranged above one of the filter base openings 4 in order to prevent raw gas from escaping from this filter base opening 4. In the example shown, the blind closure element 20 has a flat part 21 which covers the filter base opening 4, and webs 22 projecting therefrom. The individual hold-down device 7 rests on the upper edges of the webs 22 in order to press the blind closure element 20 against the filter base 3. The blind closure element 20 can be provided in the event of a defect in the filter candle 2 if no suitable replacement candle is available. In this case, the defective filter candle 2 can be removed and the filter base opening 4 can be closed with the blind closure element 20. In this way, temporary continued operation of the hot gas filter system 1 is possible until the defective filter candle 2 can be replaced by a replacement candle.In contrast, it would not be practical in the current state of the art to remove the multiple hold-down plate for such a bridging solution, as this would require replacing all seals in the area of ​​the multiple hold-down plate.

[0057] Fig. 6 shows a further detail of the hot gas filter system 1. In the embodiment shown, a stiffening structure 23 with longitudinal stiffening elements 24 and transverse stiffening elements 25 is provided below the filter base 3. In the example shown, the longitudinal stiffening elements 24 and the transverse stiffening elements 25 are designed as stiffening strips which are arranged upright, i.e. perpendicular to the main extension plane of the filter base 3. In the example shown, the longitudinal stiffening elements 24 and the transverse stiffening elements 25 intersect at right angles. The stiffening structure 23 is not welded to the filter base 3.

Claims

Claims:

1. Hot gas filter system (1) for filtering exhaust gases, in particular from cement clinker production, comprising: a plurality of filter candles (2), in particular with high-temperature fibers, a filter base (3) having a plurality of filter base openings (4) on which the plurality of filter candles (2) are arranged, a hold-down device (6) for holding the filter candles (2) down against the filter base (3), characterized in that the hold-down device (6) has a plurality of individual hold-down devices (7), each for holding down exactly one of the filter candles (2).

2. Hot gas filter system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of holders (8) are arranged on the filter base (3), to which the individual hold-down devices (7) are mounted via reversibly detachable connections, in particular screw connections (9).

3. Hot gas filter system (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the holders (8) each have a mounting element (18), preferably with an external thread, preferably a mounting bolt, particularly preferably a welding bolt, on which at least one spacer element, preferably at least one spacer disk (11), preferably at least two spacer elements one above the other, particularly preferably at least two spacer disks (11) one above the other, is arranged, wherein the individual hold-down devices (7) are mounted on the spacer elements via the reversibly detachable connections, in particular via the screw connections (9).

4. Hot gas filter system (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the holders (6) each have several, preferably exactly four, connecting screws (10) for forming several, preferably exactly four, screw connections (9).

5. Hot gas filter system (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the connecting screws (10) are each arranged without any connection to the filter base (3).

6. Hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the connecting screws (10) are each arranged so as to be tiltable relative to the at least one spacer element.

7. Hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the individual hold-down devices (7) each have a hold-down part (12), in particular a round part, for resting on the end face of the respective filter candle (2), wherein the hold-down parts (12) each have a central clean gas passage opening (13).

8. Hot gas filter system (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the individual hold-down devices (7) have several, preferably exactly four, fastening flanges (15) projecting away from the hold-down part (12), which are connected to the holders (8) via the reversibly detachable connections, in particular via the screw connections (9).

9. Hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that between adjacent individual hold-down devices (7) free spaces (17) are formed for visual inspection of the filter base (3) and / or seals between the filter candles (2) and the filter base (3).

10. Hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a stiffening structure (23) with longitudinal (24) and / or transverse stiffening elements (25) is arranged below the filter base (3), on which the filter base (3) rests.

11. Hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a further filter base opening (4) of the filter base (3) is closed with a blind closure element (20), wherein the blind closure element (20) is pressed against the filter base (3) with a further individual hold-down device (7). is pressed.

12. Hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the filter candles (2) each have a filter collar (5), wherein seals, in particular ring seals, are arranged between the filter collar (5) of the filter candles (2) and the filter base (3).

13. Plant for the production of cement clinker, comprising: a kiln plant for burning cement clinker, a hot gas filter plant (1) for dedusting a raw gas from the cement clinker production according to one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A method for temporarily continuing operation of a hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12 in the event of a defect in one of the filter candles (2), comprising the steps: Detaching the individual hold-down device (7) with which the defective filter candle (2) is held down, in particular without detaching the individual hold-down devices (7) for the remaining filter candles (2); Preferably remove the defective filter candle (2); Closing the filter base opening (4) with a blind closure element (20), and Preferably mounting the individual hold-down device (7) with which the blind closure element (20) is pressed against the filter base (3).

15. A method for replacing a defective filter candle (2) with a new filter candle (2) of a hot gas filter system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps: Detaching the individual hold-down device (7) with which the defective filter candle (2) is held down, in particular without detaching the individual hold-down devices (7) for the remaining filter candles (2); Removing the defective filter candle (2) , Arranging the new filter candle (2) , Mount the individual retaining device (7) so that the new filter candle (2) is pressed against the filter base (3) by means of the individual retaining device (7).

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