Heat sink for fuel cell, fuel cell cooling system, and control method for fuel cell cooling system

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a heat sink for a fuel cell, a fuel cell cooling system, and a control method for the fuel cell cooling system. The heat sink for a fuel cell comprises a fuel cell heat sink assembly and a bladeless fan mounted on one side of the fuel cell heat sink assembly, air blown by the bladeless fan being used for air cooling a heat sink, wherein the bladeless fan comprises a gas flow jetting device and a gas inlet, the gas flow jetting device being provided with a flow guide chamber therein, an outlet slit being formed at an inner side wall of the gas flow jetting device, and the gas inlet being in communication with the flow guide chamber and being used for connection with an external gas source which is exhaust gas discharged from a fuel cell stack module. In the present invention, the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module is used, and a base, an electric motor, and a fan wheel structure of a conventional bladeless fan are eliminated, achieving a simplified structure, a small size, and low manufacturing costs, and the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module is fully utilized, saving on electric energy and reducing energy consumption.

Description

Radiator for fuel cell, cooling system and control method of fuel cell Technical field:

[0001] The present invention relates to a radiator for a fuel cell, a cooling system for the fuel cell and a control method thereof. Background technology:

[0002] A fuel cell is an energy conversion device that generates electricity through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. It boasts high energy conversion efficiency, a simple structure, low noise, and zero pollution. In addition to generating electricity and water, the fuel cell reaction also releases a significant amount of heat. This heat needs to be dissipated through the fuel cell's cooling system to ensure proper operation. The radiator is a key component in transferring heat within the cooling system. Traditional automotive radiators use bladed axial fans for heat dissipation, which consumes a significant amount of energy. Furthermore, as the impeller diameter and speed increase, axial fans generate significant noise.

[0003] On the other hand, the air required for the fuel cell reaction is pressurized by an air compressor at a certain excess coefficient before being passed into the reactor stack. The exhaust gas after the reaction is usually a mixture of unreacted air, water vapor, and water, which still has considerable energy. It is usually discharged directly into the atmosphere. During startup or low current conditions, the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas can be relatively high, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] A bladeless fan uses a blower to draw outside air into the base. The pressurized air then enters an annular airflow ejector (also known as a bladeless fan head, or guide ring) and is blown out through a very small annular outlet designed into the annular airflow ejector. The detailed structure is shown in Figure 1. A conventional bladeless fan comprises a base 1a, a motor 2a1 and a wind wheel 3a located within the base 1a, and an airflow ejector 5a mounted on the top of the base 1a. An air inlet 4a is located between the airflow ejector 5a and the base 1a, and several air inlet holes 6a are provided on the surface of the base 1a. Because air is forced out through this annular gap, the rapidly ejected airflow, based on the principle of mist entrainment, drives the surrounding air in the same direction. A Coanda surface is provided at the bladeless fan outlet. This forward flow creates negative pressure behind the fan, continuously drawing air in to maintain pressure balance between the front and rear, amplifying the airflow and ultimately increasing the airflow in front of the fan by up to 15 times compared to the airflow at the fan inlet. Patent publication number CN205805683U mentions a utility model patent for a vehicle radiator assembly that uses a bladeless fan to replace a traditional axial fan, achieving better cooling and lowering noise. The bladeless fan includes a motor and a battery to power it.

[0005] The above radiator assembly also has the following disadvantages: 1) The bladeless fan uses a blower to draw outside air into the base, and the air pressurized by the blower enters the annular airflow injection device, that is, a large-power motor is still required to power the blower to generate a high-pressure air source. The structure is complex, the volume is large, and the manufacturing cost is high. The use of the bladeless fan requires a large amount of energy consumption; 2) It cannot solve the problems encountered in the fuel cell system, such as large energy loss, high noise, and unsafe conditions caused by tail exhaust.

[0006] Summary of the invention:

[0007] One object of the present invention is to provide a radiator for a fuel cell, a cooling system for the fuel cell and a control method to solve the technical problems in the prior art of a radiator assembly with a bladeless fan, in which the bladeless fan still requires a relatively high-power motor to power the fan to generate a high-pressure air source, resulting in a complex structure, large size, high manufacturing cost and high energy consumption.

[0008] A further object of the present invention is to provide a radiator for a fuel cell, a cooling system for the fuel cell, and a control method to solve the technical problems encountered in the prior art of the radiator assembly with a bladeless fan, which cannot solve the large energy loss, high noise, and unsafe conditions caused by tail exhaust in the fuel cell system.

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0010] A radiator for a fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell radiator assembly and a bladeless fan, wherein the bladeless fan is mounted on one side of the fuel cell radiator assembly, wherein:

[0011] The fuel cell radiator assembly includes a housing, a radiator, a radiator coolant inlet, and a radiator coolant outlet. The radiator coolant inlet and the radiator coolant outlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the radiator. The radiator is installed in the housing. The radiator coolant inlet and the radiator coolant outlet are arranged on the housing. The radiator is cooled and dissipated by air blown by a bladeless fan.

[0012] The characteristics are as follows: the bladeless fan includes an airflow injection device and an air inlet, a guide cavity is provided in the airflow injection device, an outlet slit is formed on the inner side wall of the airflow injection device, the air inlet is connected to the guide cavity, and the air inlet is used to connect to an external air source.

[0013] The above-mentioned external air source is the tail gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module. After the tail gas is connected to the air flow injection device from the air inlet, the tail gas passes through the guide cavity of the bladeless fan and is blown out from the outlet slit on the bladeless fan. The rapid airflow ejected from the outlet slit will drive the surrounding air to move in the same direction of the air outlet based on the principle of mist entrainment, and the air flow rate is amplified. Ultimately, the gas flow rate blown out by the bladeless fan can be increased several times compared to the air flow rate at the air inlet of the bladeless fan to dilute the concentration of hydrogen contained in the tail gas. The tail gas carries the doubled air to flow to the radiator to take away the heat of the radiator.

[0014] The outlet slit is provided with a Coanda surface, the airflow injection device is annular, the guide cavity is annular, and the outlet slit is annular.

[0015] The annular airflow injection device comprises an outer annular side wall and an inner annular side wall, and an air guide cover is sleeved on the outer side of the outer annular side wall.

[0016] There are two or more air inlets, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular airflow injection device.

[0017] There are two air inlets mentioned above, and they are symmetrically distributed.

[0018] An axial fan is installed on the other side of the fuel cell radiator assembly. The electronic fan and the bladeless fan are respectively located on both sides of the radiator. The bladeless fan blows air toward the radiator, and the electronic fan draws air from the radiator.

[0019] The airflow injection device is also provided with a drain outlet to prevent water accumulation or ice formation.

[0020] A cooling system for a fuel cell includes a bladeless fan radiator and a three-way valve, and is characterized in that: the bladeless fan radiator adopts the radiator for fuel cells described above, the tail exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the main channel of the three-way valve through a pipeline, and the two branches of the three-way valve lead to the air inlet of the bladeless fan and the atmosphere respectively; the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the coolant inlet of the radiator, and the coolant outlet of the radiator is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module.

[0021] The bladeless fan radiator in the coolant circuit is connected in parallel or in series with a conventional axial flow fan radiator.

[0022] A control method for a cooling system using the above-mentioned fuel cell, wherein a temperature sensor is installed at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module, and the temperature sensor sends the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module to the fuel cell system controller, characterized in that: the control method is:

[0023] The fuel cell system controller controls the opening of the three-way valve based on the comparison between the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module and the set temperature T1 under the working condition. The larger the opening of the three-way valve, the larger the exhaust flow rate to the air inlet of the bladeless fan. When the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet is greater than the set temperature T1 under the working condition, the fuel cell system controller controls the opening of the three-way valve to increase; when the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the battery stack module is less than the set temperature T1 under the working condition, the opening α of the three-way valve is controlled to decrease until T=T1, and the opening α of the three-way valve remains unchanged.

[0024] As mentioned above, when the fuel cell is started or the current output is low, the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas will be relatively high. The fuel cell system controller increases the opening α of the three-way valve to reduce the safety hazards caused by the high hydrogen concentration. During normal operation, the air multiplication technology is used to effectively dilute and reduce the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas, thereby improving the operating safety of the fuel cell system.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0026] The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module. The fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module and the fan is connected to the air intake of the fuel cell module.

[0027] 2. The present invention is used for a radiator of a fuel cell, so that the gas flow rate blown out by the bladeless fan is increased several times compared with the gas flow rate at the air inlet of the bladeless fan, thereby diluting the concentration of hydrogen contained in the tail exhaust gas, improving safety, reducing the noise generated by the discharge of the tail exhaust gas, and reducing energy consumption.

[0028] 3. The fuel cell cooling system of the present invention utilizes exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack module. After the exhaust gas is fed into the airflow injection device through the air inlet, it passes through the guide cavity of the bladeless fan and is blown out through the annular outlet slit on the bladeless fan. The rapid airflow ejected from the outlet slit drives the surrounding air in the same direction of the outlet based on the principle of mist entrainment, amplifying the airflow. Ultimately, the airflow rate of the bladeless fan can be increased several times compared to the airflow rate at the bladeless fan's air inlet, thereby diluting the concentration of hydrogen in the exhaust gas. The structure is simple and reasonable, the cost is low, and the connection is convenient.

[0029] 4. Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the embodiment section. Description of the drawings:

[0030] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bladeless fan in the prior art;

[0031] FIG2 is a perspective view of a radiator for a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] FIG3 is a perspective view of a bladeless fan used in a radiator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] FIG4 is a front view of a bladeless fan used in a radiator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG4 ;

[0035] FIG6 is a partial enlarged view of portion B of FIG5 ;

[0036] 7 is a perspective view of the assembled bladeless fan and wind guide cover according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled bladeless fan and wind guide cover according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG9 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention after adding an electronic fan;

[0039] FIG10 is a perspective view of another angle after adding an electronic fan to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the cooling system of the fuel cell according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the cooling system of the fuel cell according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] FIG13 is a framework diagram of a fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG14 is a flow chart of a method for controlling a cooling system of a fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation method:

[0044] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Embodiment one:

[0046] As shown in FIG2 to FIG8, this embodiment provides a radiator for a fuel cell, including a fuel cell radiator assembly 1 and a bladeless fan 100. The bladeless fan 100 is mounted on a side 11 of the fuel cell radiator assembly 1, wherein:

[0047] The fuel cell radiator assembly 1 includes a housing 10, a radiator 6, a radiator coolant inlet 4, and a radiator coolant outlet 5. The radiator coolant inlet 4 and the radiator coolant outlet 5 are respectively connected to both ends of the radiator 6. The radiator 6 is installed in the housing 10. The radiator coolant inlet 4 and the radiator coolant outlet 5 are arranged and installed on the housing 10. The radiator 6 is cooled and dissipated by air blown by the bladeless fan 2.

[0048] It is characterized in that: the bladeless fan 100 includes an airflow injection device 2 and an air inlet 2a, a guide cavity 20 is provided in the airflow injection device 2, an outlet slit 2b is formed at the inner side wall 2e of the airflow injection device 2, the air inlet 2a is connected to the guide cavity 20, and the air inlet 2a is used to connect to an external air source.

[0049] The above-mentioned external air source is the tail gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module. After the tail gas is connected to the airflow injection device 2 from the air inlet 2a, the tail gas passes through the guide cavity 20 of the bladeless fan and is blown out from the outlet slit 2b on the bladeless fan. The rapid airflow ejected from the outlet slit 2b will drive the surrounding air to move in the same direction of the wind outlet based on the principle of mist entrainment, and the air flow rate is amplified. Ultimately, the gas flow rate blown out by the bladeless fan 100 can be increased by several times compared with the air flow rate of the air inlet 2a of the bladeless fan to achieve the purpose of diluting the concentration of hydrogen contained in the tail gas. The tail gas carries the doubled air to flow to the radiator to take away the heat of the radiator.

[0050] The present invention operates as follows: a fuel cell radiator includes a fuel cell radiator assembly 1 and a bladeless fan 100. The bladeless fan 100 includes an airflow ejector 2 and an air inlet 2a. The airflow ejector 2 includes a guide cavity 20, and an outlet slit 2b is formed on the inner sidewall 2e of the airflow ejector 2. The air inlet 2a communicates with the guide cavity 20 and is used to connect to an external air source. The conventional bladeless fan base and blower components are not required. This simplifies the structure, reduces size, reduces manufacturing costs, reduces energy efficiency, and ensures safe use. In addition, the high-pressure gas compressed by the air compressor enters the fuel cell stack module. The gas discharged from the tail exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack module is usually a mixture of air, water vapor and hydrogen water containing unreacted air. After being connected to the bladeless fan, the tail exhaust gas still has a relatively high pressure. The tail exhaust gas passes through the guide cavity of the bladeless fan and is blown out from a very small annular outlet slit 2b on the bladeless fan. Since the gas is forced to be blown out from this annular slit, the ejected rapid airflow will drive the surrounding air to move in the same direction of the outlet based on the principle of mist entrainment. A Coanda surface 2c is set at the annular outlet slit 2b of the bladeless fan. The continuous advancement of the airflow will generate negative pressure behind the bladeless fan 2. The air behind the bladeless fan 2 will be continuously sucked into the airflow injection device 2 to maintain the gas pressure balance before and after, and the air flow is amplified. Ultimately, the gas flow blown out by the bladeless fan can be enhanced several times compared to the tail exhaust gas flow at the inlet of the bladeless fan (that is, the tail exhaust gas flow of the fuel cell stack module). The exhaust gas, carrying the multiplied air, flows toward the radiator, passing through the radiator's heat exchange section and removing heat. The water vapor and liquid water contained in the fuel cell's exhaust gas, which typically has a high temperature, are rapidly cooled and atomized by the multiplied air. This is then evenly sprayed toward the radiator along the bladeless fan's annular outlet slit 2b, further improving the radiator's heat dissipation efficiency and increasing heat dissipation. This fully utilizes the exhaust gas from the fuel cell stack module, reducing energy consumption, minimizing noise, and improving safety.

[0051] The bladeless fan 2 can be integrated with the air guide cover 3 or manufactured separately for easy installation. The main function of the air guide cover 3 is to evenly guide the airflow blown out by the airflow injection device 2 to the radiator 6, so that the airflow flows in a directional manner and the radiator 6 dissipates heat evenly.

[0052] The above-mentioned outlet slit 2b is provided with a Coanda surface 2c, the airflow injection device 2 is annular, the guide cavity 20 is annular, and the outlet slit 2b is annular. It has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, ensuring that the bladeless fan 2 blows out the tail exhaust gas while doubling the air flow effect.

[0053] The above-mentioned air flow injection device 2 includes an outer annular side wall 2f, an inner annular side wall 2e, a front baffle 2h and a rear baffle 2g. The outer annular side wall 2f, the inner annular side wall 2e, the front baffle 2h and the rear baffle 2g form a guide cavity 20, and an air guide cover 3 is mounted on the outside of the outer annular side wall 2f. It has a simple structure, is easy to install and easy to manufacture.

[0054] There are two or more air inlets 2 a mentioned above, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular airflow injection device 2 , so that the tail exhaust gas can enter the guide cavity 20 more evenly.

[0055] There are two air inlets 2a, which are symmetrically distributed, have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture.

[0056] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in order to further improve the heat dissipation effect of the radiator 6, an electronic fan 8a is installed on the other side 12 of the fuel cell radiator assembly 1. The electronic fan 8a and the bladeless fan 100 are respectively located on both sides of the radiator 6. The bladeless fan 100 blows air toward the radiator 6, and the electronic fan 8a draws air from the radiator 6.

[0057] The airflow injection device 2 is also provided with a drain port 2d to prevent water accumulation or ice formation.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] As shown in Figure 11, this embodiment provides a cooling system for a fuel cell, including a bladeless fan radiator and a three-way valve 7, characterized in that: the bladeless fan radiator adopts the radiator for the fuel cell described in Example 1, the tail exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the main channel of the three-way valve 7 through a pipeline, and the two branches of the three-way valve 7 lead to the air inlet 2a of the bladeless fan 100 and the atmosphere respectively; the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the coolant inlet 4 of the radiator, and the coolant outlet 5 of the radiator is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module.

[0060] It utilizes the tail exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module to be connected to the air flow injection device through the air inlet 2a, and the tail exhaust gas is blown out from the outlet slit 2b on the bladeless fan through the guide cavity of the bladeless fan. The rapid airflow ejected from the outlet slit 2b will drive the surrounding air to move in the same direction of the wind outlet based on the principle of mist entrainment, and the air flow rate is amplified, and finally the air flow rate of the bladeless fan blown out can be increased by several times compared with the air flow rate of the air inlet of the bladeless fan to achieve the concentration of hydrogen contained in the dilute tail exhaust gas, and the tail exhaust gas carries the doubled air to flow to the radiator to take away the heat of the radiator; it eliminates the base, motor and wind wheel structure of the traditional bladeless fan, simplifies the structure, has a small size and low manufacturing cost, makes full use of the tail exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module, saves electricity and reduces energy consumption; the present invention is used for the radiator of the fuel cell, so that the air flow rate of the bladeless fan blown out can be increased by several times compared with the air flow rate of the air inlet of the bladeless fan to achieve the concentration of hydrogen contained in the dilute tail exhaust gas, improves safety, reduces the noise generated by the discharge of the tail exhaust gas, and reduces energy consumption.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] This embodiment provides a cooling system for a fuel cell, which is an improvement on the first embodiment: that is, a bladeless fan radiator in the coolant circuit is connected in parallel or in series with a conventional axial fan radiator. The so-called conventional axial fan radiator 200 is composed of three parts: a motor, an axial fan blade and a radiator. As shown in Figure 12, it shows a schematic diagram of a bladeless fan radiator in the coolant circuit being connected in parallel with a conventional axial fan radiator. In the case where the tail exhaust gas and the multiplied air of the fuel cell stack module cannot meet the heat dissipation requirements of the radiator, the heat dissipation system of the fuel cell adds a conventional axial fan radiator 200 to assist in heat dissipation.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] This embodiment provides a control method for a fuel cell cooling system. The fuel cell cooling system adopts the fuel cell cooling system of the second or third embodiment. As shown in FIG13 and FIG14 , a temperature sensor is installed at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module. The temperature sensor transmits the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module to the fuel cell system controller. The fuel cell system controller controls the operation of the three-way valve 7, the fuel cell stack module and the radiator 6. The control method is characterized in that:

[0065] The fuel cell system controller controls the opening of the three-way valve 7 based on the comparison between the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module and the set temperature T1 under the working condition. The opening of the three-way valve 7 becomes larger, so that the tail exhaust flow rate of the air inlet 2a leading to the bladeless fan 100 becomes larger. When the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet is greater than the set temperature T1 under the working condition, the fuel cell system controller controls the opening of the three-way valve 7 to increase; when the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the battery stack module is less than the set temperature T1 under the working condition, the opening α of the three-way valve 7 is controlled to decrease until T=T1, and the opening α of the three-way valve 7 remains unchanged.

[0066] When the fuel cell is started or at low current output, the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas will be relatively high. The fuel cell system controller increases the opening α of the three-way valve 7 to reduce the safety hazards caused by the high hydrogen concentration. During normal operation, the air multiplication technology is used to effectively dilute and reduce the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas, thereby improving the operating safety of the fuel cell system.

[0067] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0068] 1: The bladeless fan used in the radiator for the fuel cell does not require an additional power source. The tail exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the air inlet 2a of the bladeless fan, making full use of the tail exhaust gas energy, achieving zero power consumption of the fuel cell system radiator and improving the efficiency of the fuel cell system.

[0069] Effect 2: Through air multiplication technology (the negative pressure generated on the surface of Coanda makes the airflow in front of the bladeless fan several times higher than the airflow at the air inlet of the bladeless fan, that is, the cooling air flow generated in this solution is 15 times higher than the flow of the tail exhaust gas), the heat exchange cooling gas volume is large, which effectively improves the heat dissipation of the radiator; the liquid particles contained in the tail exhaust gas are used to promote the heat exchange of the radiator, further improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator.

[0070] Effect 3: Through air multiplication technology (the negative pressure generated on the surface of Coanda makes the airflow in front of the bladeless fan several times higher than the airflow at the air inlet of the bladeless fan to dilute the concentration of hydrogen contained in the tail exhaust gas), the tail exhaust hydrogen concentration is effectively diluted and reduced, thereby improving the safety of the fuel cell system.

[0071] Effect 4: Compared with bladed fans, bladeless fans do not have moving parts such as fan blades, are safer to use and have less noise.

[0072] Effect 5: A three-way valve is used to divert the exhaust gas, adjust the gas flow entering the bladeless fan, and then control the amount of heat exchange gas, so that the heat dissipation can be adjusted according to system needs.

[0073] The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the implementations of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention are equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A radiator for a fuel cell, comprising a fuel cell radiator assembly (1) and a bladeless fan (100), wherein the bladeless fan (100) is mounted on a side surface (11) of the fuel cell radiator assembly (1), wherein: The fuel cell radiator assembly (1) comprises a housing (10), a radiator (6), a radiator coolant inlet (4) and a radiator coolant outlet (5), wherein the radiator coolant inlet (4) and the radiator coolant outlet (5) are respectively connected to two ends of the radiator (6), the radiator (6) is installed in the housing (10), the radiator coolant inlet (4) and the radiator coolant outlet (5) are arranged and installed on the housing (10), and the radiator (6) is cooled and dissipated by air blown by a bladeless fan (2); The bladeless fan (100) is characterized in that: the bladeless fan (100) comprises an airflow injection device (2) and an air inlet (2a); a guide cavity (20) is arranged inside the airflow injection device (2); an outlet slit (2b) is formed at the inner side wall (2e) of the airflow injection device (2); the air inlet (2a) is connected to the guide cavity (20); and the air inlet (2a) is used to connect to an external air source.

2. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external air source is tail gas discharged from the fuel cell stack module. After the tail gas is connected to the airflow injection device (2) from the air inlet (2a), the tail gas passes through the guide cavity (20) of the bladeless fan and is blown out from the outlet slit (2b) on the bladeless fan. The rapid airflow ejected from the outlet slit (2b) will drive the surrounding air to move in the same direction of the air outlet based on the principle of mist entrainment, and the air flow rate is amplified. Finally, the air flow rate of the gas blown out by the bladeless fan (100) can be increased by several times compared with the air flow rate of the air inlet (2a) of the bladeless fan to dilute the concentration of hydrogen contained in the tail gas. The tail gas carries the doubled air to flow to the radiator to take away the heat of the radiator.

3. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outlet slit (2b) is provided with a Coanda surface (2c), the airflow injection device (2) is annular, the flow guide cavity (20) is annular, and the outlet slit (2b) is annular.

4. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airflow injection device (2) comprises an outer annular side wall (2f) and an inner annular side wall (2e), and an air guide cover (3) is sleeved on the outer side of the outer annular side wall (2f).

5. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two or more air inlets (2a), which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular airflow injection device (2).

6. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are two air inlets (2a) which are symmetrically distributed.

7. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that: An electronic fan (8a) is installed on the other side (12) of the fuel cell radiator assembly (1). The electronic fan (8a) and the bladeless fan (100) are respectively located on both sides of the radiator (6). The bladeless fan (100) blows air toward the radiator (6), and the electronic fan (8a) draws air from the radiator (6).

8. The radiator for a fuel cell according to claim 7, characterized in that: The airflow injection device (2) is also provided with a drainage port (2d) to prevent water accumulation or ice formation.

9. A cooling system for a fuel cell, comprising a bladeless fan radiator and a three-way valve (7), characterized in that: The bladeless fan radiator adopts the radiator for fuel cells as described in any one of claims 2 to 8, the tail exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the main channel of the three-way valve (7) through a pipeline, and the two branches of the three-way valve (7) lead to the air inlet (2a) of the bladeless fan (100) and the atmosphere respectively; the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack module is connected to the coolant inlet (4) of the radiator, and the coolant outlet (5) of the radiator is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module.

10. A fuel cell cooling system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bladeless fan radiator in the coolant circuit is connected in parallel or in series with a conventional axial fan radiator.

11. A control method for a cooling system of a fuel cell using claims 9 to 10, wherein a temperature sensor is installed at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module, and the temperature sensor sends the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module to the fuel cell system controller, characterized in that: The control method is: The fuel cell system controller controls the opening of the three-way valve (7) by comparing the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module with the set temperature T1 under the working condition. The opening of the three-way valve (7) increases, so that the tail exhaust flow rate of the air inlet (2a) leading to the bladeless fan (100) increases. When the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet is greater than the set temperature T1 under the working condition, the fuel cell system controller controls the opening of the three-way valve (7) to increase; when the coolant temperature T at the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack module is less than the set temperature T1 under the working condition, the three-way valve (7) is opened. At the set temperature T1 under this working condition, the opening α of the three-way valve (7) is controlled to decrease until T=T1, and the opening α of the three-way valve (7) remains unchanged.

12. The control method of the fuel cell cooling system according to claim 11, characterized in that: When the fuel cell is started or low current is output, the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas will be relatively high. The fuel cell system controller increases the opening α of the three-way valve (7) to reduce the safety hazard caused by the high hydrogen concentration. During normal operation, the air multiplication technology is used to effectively dilute and reduce the hydrogen concentration in the tail exhaust gas, thereby improving the safety of the fuel cell system operation.

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