Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and apparatus. The method comprises: a first network element sending a network element discovery message to a network storage function network element, wherein the network element discovery message is used for discovering an analytics function network element, the network element discovery message comprises a first interoperation identifier, and the first interoperation identifier comprises a first manufacturer identifier list; and the first network element receiving information of one or more analytics function network elements from the network storage function network element, wherein an identifier of a manufacturer of each analytics function network element is one of the identifiers in the first manufacturer identifier list. By using the method, an analytics function network element discovered for a first network element by a network storage function network element can use a model provided by a model training function network element corresponding to a first interoperation identifier, and the first network element can then select the analytics function network element as a target analytics function network element, thereby better serving a service consumption network element.

Description

Communication method and device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on October 30, 2023, with application number 202311434721.9 and invention name "A Communication Method and Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device. Background Art

[0004] Due to internal (e.g. load balancing, graceful shutdown) or external triggers (e.g. user equipment (UE) mobility), a service consuming network element may transfer one or more analytics subscriptions from one analytics logical function (AnLF) network element to another AnLF network element, i.e. from a source AnLF network element to a target AnLF network element.

[0005] Currently, a service-consuming NE or source AnLF NE must use the NE discovery process to discover a target AnLF NE. This process then transfers the analysis context of the analysis subscriptions that the source AnLF NE needs to transfer to the target AnLF NE. Choosing the right target AnLF NE to better serve the service-consuming NE is a significant issue.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and apparatus for selecting a suitable target AnLF.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication method, which includes: a first model training function network element receives a model request message from a first analysis function network element, the model request message includes an analysis identifier, and the model request message is used to request a model that provides a service corresponding to the analysis identifier; the first model training function network element sends information about a first model and first indication information to the first analysis function network element, the first indication information includes at least one of an identifier of the model training function network element that provides information about the first model, an identifier of a first manufacturer, or a first interoperability identifier, the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the first model, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0009] Using the above method, the first model training function network element can provide the first analysis function network element with the first model information and the first indication information, so that when the first analysis function network element determines that a new analysis function network element (or target analysis function network element) needs to be selected, the network element discovery message used to discover the analysis function network element can be determined according to the first indication information.

[0010] Exemplarily, the model training functional network element that provides information about the first model can also be described as a network element that provides the first model, a network element that provides information about the first model, a model training functional network element that provides the first model, a model training functional network element that trains the first model, or a model training functional network element that produces the first model. Exemplarily, the first analysis functional network element can obtain the information about the first model from the first model training functional network element, and then obtain the first model based on the information about the first model. For example, the information about the first model may include the URL of the first model, etc.

[0011] In one possible design, the first model is trained by the first model training function network element; the identifier of the model training function network element that provides information about the first model is the identifier of the first model training function network element; the identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the first model training function network element; and the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element. The first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identifier list are allowed to obtain models from the first model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identifier list can obtain models from the first model training function network element.

[0012] In one possible design, the first model is trained by the second model training function network element; the identifier of the network element that provides information of the first model is the identifier of the second model training function network element; the identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the second model training function network element; the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element; the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identifier list are allowed to obtain models from the second model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identifier list can obtain models from the second model training function network element.

[0013] In one possible design, the first model training function network element sends information of the second model and second indication information to the first analysis function network element, the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the second indication information includes at least one of the identifier of the model training function network element providing the second model, the identifier of the second manufacturer, or the second interoperability identifier, the identifier of the second manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element providing the second model, and the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0014] In one possible design, the model training function network element providing the second model is different from the model training function network element providing the first model; the identifier of the first manufacturer is different from the identifier of the second manufacturer; and the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the model training function network element providing the second model.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0016] The first network element sends a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, where the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; the first network element receives information from one or more analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element; wherein the manufacturer identifier of the analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list.

[0017] Using the above method, the first network element sends a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The network element discovery message may include the first interoperability identifier, so that the first network element can obtain information about an analysis function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the list of manufacturer identifiers of the first interoperability identifier from the network storage function network element. Therefore, the analysis function network element can use the model provided by the model training function network element corresponding to the first interoperability identifier. The first network element can then select the analysis function network element as a target analysis function network element, which can better provide services to the service consumption network element.

[0018] In one possible design, the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list can obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list can retrieve or use the models provided by the model training function network element; or, the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to retrieve or use the models provided by the model training function network element.

[0019] Exemplarily, the vendors in the first vendor identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element. This can be understood as the model training function network element, the vendor of the model training function network element, or the network management function entity allowing the vendors in the first vendor identification list to obtain models from the model training function network element. The model training function network element can also be understood as a model production network element, a network element that sends model information, etc.

[0020] It can be understood that if the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element, or the interoperability identifier of the first model training function network element, the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identifier list are allowed to obtain models from the first model training function network element. If the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element, or the interoperability identifier of the second model training function network element, the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identifier list are allowed to obtain models from the second model training function network element.

[0021] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0022] In one possible design, after the first network element receives information from one or more analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the first network element selects a target function network element, the manufacturer identifier of the target function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list, and the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more analysis function network elements.

[0023] With the above design, the first network element can verify whether the identifier of the analysis function network element provided by the network storage function network element belongs to the first manufacturer identifier list.

[0024] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; the first analysis function network element sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target analysis function network element, and the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0025] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a fourth network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, and the fourth network element discovery message is used to discover the model training function network element, and the fourth network element discovery message includes an analysis identifier; information of the first model training function network element from the network storage function network element is received, and the information of the first model training function network element includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0026] With the above design, the network storage function network element can provide the first interoperability identifier for the first analysis function network element.

[0027] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, and the model request message includes an analysis identifier; and receives information about the first model and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0028] With the above design, the first model training function network element can provide the first interoperability identifier for the first analysis function network element.

[0029] In one possible design, before sending a model request message to the first model training function network element, the first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from the service consumption network element, and the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; after receiving the first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first analysis function network element uses the first model to provide the service consumption network element with the service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0030] In one possible design, before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element receives information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

[0031] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; the service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target analysis function network element, and the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0032] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, and the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier; a first message is received from the first analysis function network element, and the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0033] With the above design, the first analysis function network element can provide the first interoperability identifier for the service consumption network element.

[0034] In one possible design, the first message also includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

[0035] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes the second interoperability identifier; the identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one of the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0036] With the above design, if the network element discovery message includes multiple interoperability identifiers, the identification of the manufacturer of the functional network element is analyzed to be the intersection of the manufacturer identification lists corresponding to the multiple interoperability identifiers.

[0037] In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0038] The network storage function network element receives a network element discovery message from a first network element, and the network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; the network storage function network element determines one or more analysis function network elements based on the first interoperability identifier, wherein the identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list; the network storage function network element sends information of the one or more analysis function network elements to the first network element.

[0039] Using the above method, the network storage function network element receives the network element discovery message from the first network element, and determines, based on the first interoperability identifier in the network element discovery message, one or more analysis function network elements whose manufacturer identifiers belong to the manufacturer identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier.

[0040] In one possible design, the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list can obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list can retrieve or use the models provided by the model training function network element; or, the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to retrieve or use the models provided by the model training function network element.

[0041] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0042] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

[0043] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes the second interoperability identifier, which includes a second manufacturer identifier list; the identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one of the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0044] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0045] The first network element sends a first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the first network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the first network element discovery message includes the identifier and analysis identifier of the first model training function network element; the first network element receives information from one or more second analysis function network elements from the network storage function network element, where the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is one of the manufacturer identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0046] Using the above method, the first network element sends a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The network element discovery message may include the identifier and analysis identifier of the first model training function network element, so that an analysis function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the manufacturer identifier list of the first interoperability identifier can be obtained from the network storage function network element. Among them, the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element. Therefore, the analysis function network element can use the model provided by the model training function network element corresponding to the first interoperability identifier. The first network element can select the analysis function network element as the target analysis function network element, and the target analysis function network element can better provide services to the service consumption network element.

[0047] In one possible design, after the first network element receives information from one or more second analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the first network element selects a target function network element, the manufacturer identifier of the target function network element is one of the first manufacturer identifier list, and the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more second analysis function network elements.

[0048] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; the first analysis function network element sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target analysis function network element, and the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0049] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; before sending the first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, and the model request message includes the analysis identifier; receives information about the first model and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the first model is trained by the first model training function network element, and the first indication information includes the identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0050] With the above design, the first model training function network element can provide the first analysis function network element with the identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0051] In one possible design, before sending a model request message to the first model training function network element, the first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from the service consumption network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; after receiving the first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

[0052] In one possible design, before sending a first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, information of a second model and second indication information are received, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the second model is trained by the second model training function network element, and the second indication information includes the identifier of the second model training function network element.

[0053] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; the service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target analysis function network element, the second analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier, and the information of the second analysis function network element includes the information of the target analysis function network element.

[0054] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; before sending the first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, and the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; and receives a first message from the first analysis function network element, the first message being an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message including the identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0055] With the above design, the first analysis function network element can provide the service consumption network element with the identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0056] In one possible design, the first message also includes an identifier of the second model training function network element.

[0057] In one possible design, the first network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second model training function network element; the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is also one of the manufacturer identifiers included in the second interoperability identifier; the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element.

[0058] Using the above design, if the first network element discovers that the message includes the identifiers of multiple model training function network elements, the manufacturer identifier of the first analysis function network element belongs to the intersection of the manufacturer identifier lists corresponding to the multiple interoperability identifiers, and the multiple model training function network elements correspond one-to-one to the multiple interoperability identifiers.

[0059] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0060] The network storage function network element receives a first network element discovery message from a first network element, where the first network element discovery message is used to discover an analysis function network element, and the first network element discovery message includes an identifier and an analysis identifier of a first model training function network element; the network storage function network element determines one or more second analysis function network elements based on the identifier of the first model training function network element and the analysis identifier, wherein the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is one of the manufacturer identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element; the network storage function network element sends information of the one or more second analysis function network elements to the first network element.

[0061] Using the above method, the network storage function network element receives a network element discovery message from the first network element, and determines, based on the identifier and analysis identifier of the first model training function network element in the network element discovery message, one or more analysis function network elements whose vendor identifiers belong to the vendor identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0062] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

[0063] In one possible design, the first network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second model training function network element; the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is also one of the manufacturer identifiers included in the second interoperability identifier; the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element.

[0064] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0065] The first network element sends a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the third network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of the first manufacturer; the first network element receives information of one or more fourth analysis function network elements from the network storage function network element, where the fourth analysis function network element supports models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list.

[0066] Using the above method, the first network element sends a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The network element discovery message may include the identifier of the first manufacturer, so that information of one or more fourth analysis function network elements can be obtained from the network storage function network element. Since the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list, it can be guaranteed that the fourth analysis function network element can use the model provided by the first manufacturer. Furthermore, the first network element selects a target analysis function network element from one or more fourth analysis function network elements, which can enable the target analysis function network element to use the model provided by the first manufacturer that has been used by the first analysis function network element, thereby better providing services to the service consumption network element.

[0067] Among them, the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier. It can be understood that the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models provided by the model training function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier. The model provided by the first manufacturer can be understood as the model provided by the manufacturer for the model training function network element of the first manufacturer.

[0068] In one possible design, the third network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, the fourth analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0069] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; after receiving information from one or more fourth analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element selects a target analysis function network element; the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more fourth analysis function network elements; an analysis subscription transfer message is sent to the target analysis function network element, and the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0070] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; before sending a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, and the model request message includes an analysis identifier; and receives information about the first model and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the identifier of the first manufacturer, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the first model.

[0071] In one possible design, before sending a model request message to the first model training function network element, the first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from the service consumption network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; after receiving the first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

[0072] In one possible design, before sending a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element receives information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes an identifier of a second manufacturer, and the identifier of the second manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element providing the second model.

[0073] In one possible design, a registration message is sent to the network storage function network element, where the registration message includes a first operation identifier of the first analysis function network element.

[0074] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; after receiving information from one or more fourth analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element selects a target analysis function network element; the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more fourth analysis function network elements; a second analysis subscription message is sent to the target analysis function network element, and the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0075] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; before sending a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, and the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; and receives a first message from the first analysis function network element, where the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes the identifier of the first manufacturer.

[0076] In one possible design, the first message also includes an identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0077] In one possible design, the third network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second manufacturer; the identifier of the second manufacturer is another one in the manufacturer identifier list.

[0078] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0079] The network storage function network element receives a third network element discovery message from the first network element, where the third network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of the first manufacturer; the network storage function network element determines one or more fourth analysis function network elements based on the identifier of the first manufacturer, wherein the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list; the network storage function network element sends information of the one or more fourth analysis function network elements to the first network element.

[0080] Using the above method, the network storage function network element receives a network element discovery message from the first network element, and determines one or more fourth analysis function network elements based on the first manufacturer's identifier in the network element discovery message, where the manufacturer's identifier belongs to one or more analysis function network elements in the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first interoperability identifier. The fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models from manufacturers in the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first interoperability identifier, and the first manufacturer's identifier is one of the manufacturers in the list of manufacturer identifiers, thereby ensuring that the fourth analysis function network element can use the model provided by the first manufacturer.

[0081] In one possible design, the third network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0082] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

[0083] In one possible design, the third network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second manufacturer; the identifier of the second manufacturer is another one in the manufacturer identifier list.

[0084] In one possible design, before the network storage function network element receives the third network element discovery message from the first network element, the network storage function network element receives a registration message from the fourth analysis function network element, and the registration message includes the first operation identifier.

[0085] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0086] The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the second network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, the second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; the first network element receives information from one or more third analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element; the third analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

[0087] Using the above method, the first network element sends a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The network element discovery message may include a first interoperability identifier, thereby obtaining one or more third analysis function network elements from the network storage function network element. The third analysis function network element supports the use of models from manufacturers in the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first operation identifier, and the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list. Therefore, the analysis function network element can use the model provided by the model training function network element corresponding to the first interoperability identifier. The first network element can select the analysis function network element as the target analysis function network element, which can better provide services to the service consumption network element.

[0088] In one possible design, the second network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, the third analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0089] In one possible design, the first network element selects a target functional network element, the manufacturer identifier of the target functional network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list, and the target analysis functional network element is one of the one or more third analysis functional network elements.

[0090] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; the first analysis function network element sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target analysis function network element, the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier, and the information of the third analysis function network element includes the information of the target analysis function network element.

[0091] In one possible design, before sending the second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a fourth network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the fourth network element discovery message being used to discover the model training function network element, the fourth network element discovery message including the analysis identifier. Information about the first model training function network element is received from the network storage function network element, the information about the first model training function network element including the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0092] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; before sending a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, and the model request message includes an analysis identifier; and receives information about the first model and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0093] In one possible design, before sending a model request message to the first model training function network element, the first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from the service consumption network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; after receiving the first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

[0094] In one possible design, before sending a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element receives information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

[0095] In one possible design, the first analysis function network element sends a registration message to the network storage function network element, and the registration message includes a first operation identifier of the first analysis function network element.

[0096] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; the service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target analysis function network element, the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier, and the information of the third analysis function network element includes the information of the target analysis function network element.

[0097] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; before sending a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, and the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier; and receives a first message from the first analysis function network element, the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0098] In one possible design, the first message also includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

[0099] In one possible design, the second network element discovery message also includes the second interoperability identifier; the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier also includes the second vendor identifier list.

[0100] In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method comprising:

[0101] The network storage function network element receives a second network element discovery message from the first network element, and the second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; the network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the first interoperability identifier, wherein the manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list; the network storage function network element sends information of the one or more third analysis function network elements to the first network element.

[0102] Using the above method, the network storage function network element receives a network element discovery message from the first network element, and determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the first interoperability identifier in the network element discovery message. The third analysis function network elements support models of manufacturers in the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first operation identifier, and the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

[0103] In one possible design, the second network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, the third analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0104] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

[0105] In one possible design, before the network storage function network element receives the second network element discovery message from the first network element, the network storage function network element receives a registration message from the third analysis function network element, and the registration message includes the first operation identifier of the third analysis function network element.

[0106] In one possible design, the second network element discovery message also includes the second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list; the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier also includes the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0107] In the tenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which can be a first device, or a module or unit (for example, a chip, or a chip system, or a circuit) in the first device that corresponds one-to-one to the method / operation / step / action described in any one of the first to ninth aspects, or can be used in combination with the first device.

[0108] In the eleventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device comprising at least one processing element and at least one storage element, wherein the at least one storage element is used to store programs and data, and the at least one processing element is used to read and execute the programs and data stored in the storage element, so that the method described in any one of the above aspects of the present application is implemented.

[0109] In a twelfth aspect, the present application further provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any of the methods described in any of the above aspects.

[0110] In the thirteenth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, which includes: an interface circuit and at least one processor; the interface circuit is used to provide input and / or output of programs or instructions to the at least one processor; the at least one processor is used to execute the program or instructions so that the communication device can implement any method described in any of the above aspects.

[0111] In one possible manner, the communication device includes the at least one memory, and the at least one memory is used to store the program or instruction.

[0112] In a fourteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer storage medium storing a software program. When the software program is read and executed by one or more processors, it can implement any of the methods described in any of the above aspects.

[0113] In a fifteenth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute any of the methods described in any of the above aspects.

[0114] In the sixteenth aspect, the present application provides a chip system, which includes at least one chip and a memory, and the at least one chip is used to read and execute the program stored in the memory to implement any of the methods described in any of the above aspects.

[0115] In the seventeenth aspect, the present application provides a communication system, which includes a service consumption network element, a first analysis function network element, a network storage function network element and a first model training function network element, the first analysis function network element and the service consumption network element execute any one of the methods in the second, fourth, sixth or eighth aspects, the network storage function network element executes any one of the methods in the third, fifth, seventh or ninth aspects, and the model training function network element executes any one of the methods in the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0116] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology will be described below.

[0117] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the 5G network architecture based on the service-oriented architecture in this application;

[0118] FIG2 is one of the flow charts of an overview of a communication method in this application;

[0119] FIG3 is a flow chart of determining a target AnLF by a first AnLF in this application;

[0120] FIG4 is one of the flow charts of the service consumption network element determining the target AnLF in this application;

[0121] Figure 5 shows the second target AnLF determined by the service consumption network element in this application;

[0122] FIG6 is a second flow chart of an overview of a communication method in this application;

[0123] FIG7 is a second flowchart of the first AnLF determining the target AnLF in this application;

[0124] FIG8 is a third flowchart of the service consumption network element determining the target AnLF in this application;

[0125] FIG9 is a fourth flowchart of the service consumption network element determining the target AnLF in this application;

[0126] FIG10 is a third flow chart of an overview of a communication method in this application;

[0127] FIG11 is a third flowchart of the first AnLF determining the target AnLF in this application;

[0128] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device in this application;

[0129] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0130] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: global system for mobile communications (GSM) system, code division multiple access (CDMA) system, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, general packet radio service (GPRS), long term evolution (LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WIMAX) communication system, fifth generation (5G) system or new radio (NR), or applied to future communication systems or other similar communication systems.

[0131] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a 5G network architecture based on a service-oriented architecture. The 5G network architecture shown in Figure 1 may include terminal devices, access network devices, and core network devices. The terminal device accesses the data network (DN) through the access network device and the core network device. Among them, the core network device includes a variety of network functions (NFs) or network elements, for example, including some or all of the following network elements: unified data management (UDM) network element, unified data repository (UDR) network element, application function (AF) network element, policy control function (PCF) network element, access and mobility management function (AMF) network element, session management function (SMF) network element, user plane function (UPF) network element, network data analytics function (NWDAF) network element, network repository function (NRF) network element (not shown in the figure), etc.

[0132] The access network device may be a radio access network (RAN) device. For example: a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a next generation base station in a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc.; it may also be a module or unit that performs part of the functions of a base station, for example, a centralized unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The radio access network device may be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the radio access network device.

[0133] Terminal devices can be user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, and smart cities. Terminal devices can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, urban air vehicles (such as drones and helicopters), ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc.

[0134] Access network equipment and terminal devices can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of access network equipment and terminal devices.

[0135] The following is a brief introduction to some core network equipment:

[0136] The AMF network element, referred to as AMF, performs functions such as mobility management and access authentication / authorization. It is also responsible for transmitting user policies between terminal devices and the PCF.

[0137] The SMF network element, referred to as SMF, includes functions such as session management, execution of control policies issued by PCF, selection of UPF, and allocation of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for terminal devices.

[0138] The UPF network element, referred to as UPF, serves as the interface with the data network and includes functions such as user plane data forwarding, session / flow-level billing statistics, and bandwidth limitation.

[0139] UDM network element, referred to as UDM, includes functions such as executing and managing contract data and user access authorization.

[0140] The UDR network element, referred to as UDR, includes the access functions of executing contract data, policy data, application data and other types of data.

[0141] NEF network element, referred to as NEF, is used to support the opening of capabilities and events.

[0142] The AF network element, abbreviated as AF, conveys the application side's requirements to the network side, such as quality of service (QoS) requirements or user status event subscriptions. The AF can be a third-party functional entity or an application server deployed by the operator.

[0143] The PCF network element, referred to as PCF, includes policy control functions such as session and service flow level billing, QoS bandwidth guarantee and mobility management, and terminal device policy decision-making.

[0144] NRF network elements, or NRF for short, can be used to provide network element discovery capabilities. Based on requests from other network elements, they provide network element information corresponding to the network element type. NRF network elements also provide network element management services, such as network element registration, update, and deregistration, as well as network element status subscription and push notification.

[0145] NWDAF network element, referred to as NWDAF, is mainly used to collect data (including one or more of terminal device data, access network device data, core network network element data and third-party application device data), wherein these data can be the terminal device, access network device, core network network element or third-party application device data itself, or the terminal device on the access network device, the core network network element or the third-party application device. Then, data analysis is performed based on the collected data, and the data analysis results are output for use by the network, network management equipment and application execution policy decision-making. NWDAF can use machine learning models for data analysis. In an embodiment of the present application, an NWDAF can be a separate network element, or it can be set up together with other network elements, for example, NWDAF is set up in a PCF network element or an AMF network element.

[0146] In Release 17 of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the training and inference functions of NWDAF are split. An NWDAF can support only the model training function, only the data inference function, or both the model training and data inference functions.

[0147] In this application, the model training function network element may be an NWDAF supporting the model training function, which may also be referred to as a training NWDAF, or an NWDAF supporting a model training logical function (MTLF), referred to as MTLF. For example, the MTLF may perform model training based on the acquired data to obtain a trained model.

[0148] The analysis function network element can be an NWDAF that supports data reasoning, also known as a reasoning NWDAF, or an NWDAF that supports the analytics logical function (AnLF), or simply AnLF. For example, the AnLF can request a model from the MTLF via a model subscription (MLModelProvision_Subscribe) service or message. The model can be trained by the MTLF based on relevant model data. Furthermore, the AnLF can input the input data into the trained model to obtain analysis results or reasoning data.

[0149] It is understood that MTLF can be understood as NWDAF that at least supports model training. As a possible implementation method, MTLF can also support data reasoning. AnLF can be understood as NWDAF that at least supports data reasoning. As a possible implementation method, AnLF can also support model training.

[0150] It can be understood that the above network elements are examples of one implementation method, and this application does not exclude the existence of network elements or devices with the above network element functions in 6G or newer wireless communication systems that have other names or other forms.

[0151] It is understood that the above-mentioned network element or function can be a network element in a hardware device, a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a virtualized function instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). As a possible implementation method, the above-mentioned network element or function can be implemented by a single device, or can be implemented by multiple devices together, or can be a functional module within a single device, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0152] In Figure 1, Nudr, Npcf, Namf, Nudm, Nsmf, Naf, and Nnwdaf are service interfaces provided by the above-mentioned UDR, PCF, AMF, UDM, SMF, AF, and NWDAF, respectively, which are used to call corresponding service operations.

[0153] The following is an explanation of the basic technical concepts involved in this application:

[0154] 1. Analysis ID

[0155] An analysis identifier can be used to indicate an analysis business, or analysis service (or simply service). This service is associated with a model, meaning the model can be used to execute the service. Alternatively, the analysis identifier is associated with the model, meaning the model is used to execute the service associated with the analysis identifier.

[0156] Alternatively, it can be understood that the MTLF is associated with an analysis identifier, that is, the model support provided by the MTLF is used to execute the service corresponding to the analysis identifier. For example, the MTLF can be associated with one or more analysis identifiers. It can be understood that the MTLF can provide a model for the service corresponding to each of the one or more analysis identifiers. For example, MTLF1 is associated with analysis identifier 1 and analysis identifier 2, that is, MTLF1 corresponds to analysis identifier 1 and analysis identifier 2. Then, MTLF1 can provide a model for the service corresponding to analysis identifier 1, and a model for the service corresponding to analysis identifier 2.

[0157] 2. Vendor ID

[0158] The vendor identifier can be used to identify a device manufacturer. A vendor identifier can correspond to one or more network elements (NFs), such as NWDAFs, including MTLFs. For example, if MTLF1 and MTLF2 correspond to vendor identifier 1, MTLF1 and MTLF2 belong to the same manufacturer, whose vendor identifier is vendor identifier 1.

[0159] For NF, the manufacturer ID corresponds to the manufacturer of the network element. It can also be understood as network element information (NF information), which identifies the manufacturer information of the network element (vendor).

[0160] 3. Interoperability indicator

[0161] For example, the interoperability identifier can correspond to the MTLF, or to the analysis identifier, or to the analysis identifier of the MLTF. Alternatively, the interoperability identifier can be described as being related to the MTLF, or the interoperability identifier is related to the analysis identifier. The interoperability identifier can also be called an interoperability indicator, a machine learning (ML) model interoperability identifier, or a model interoperability indicator.

[0162] The interoperability identifier includes a list of vendors or a list of vendor identifiers, or is described as a list of NWDAF providers (or suppliers). The vendors in the first vendor identifier list are allowed to obtain models from the MTLF, or the vendors in the first vendor identifier list are allowed to retrieve or use models provided by the MTLF, or the vendors in the first vendor identifier list can obtain models from the MTLF, or the vendors in the first vendor identifier list can retrieve or use models provided by the MTLF. The interoperability identifier also indicates that the MTLF supports vendors requesting models provided by the MTLF for the NWDAF of the vendors in the vendor identifier list.

[0163] Exemplarily, analysis identifier 1 is associated with model 1, i.e., model 1 is used to execute the service corresponding to analysis identifier 1, and analysis identifier 1 is associated with interoperability identifier 1, i.e., model 1 is associated with interoperability identifier 1. Assume that interoperability identifier 1 includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, i.e., model 1 can be provided to manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2 for use. Alternatively, it can be understood that if the manufacturer of the NWDAF is manufacturer 1 or manufacturer 2, then the NWDAF can use model 1.

[0164] For example, a MTLF may have one or more interoperability identifiers. If there are multiple interoperability identifiers, the multiple interoperability identifiers may correspond to different analysis identifiers. For example, MTLF1 corresponds to analysis identifier 1 and analysis identifier 2, where interoperability identifier 1 corresponds to analysis identifier 1 and interoperability identifier 2 corresponds to analysis identifier 2.

[0165] In addition, this application also provides a new operation identifier, hereinafter referred to as the first operation identifier.

[0166] Exemplarily, the first operation identifier corresponds to AnLF, that is, the first operation identifier is at the AnLF granularity.

[0167] Alternatively, the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, that is, the first operation identifier is at the granularity of the analysis identifier.

[0168] In a possible implementation, if the first operation identifier corresponds to AnLF, that is, one AnLF corresponds to one first operation identifier. The first operation identifier includes a manufacturer identifier list (or manufacturer list), or is described as a NWDAF provider (or supplier) list. AnLF allows retrieval or use of models provided by manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list, or AnLF allows acquisition of models from manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list. The first operation identifier also indicates that AnLF supports the use of models provided by manufacturers for network elements (such as NWDAF) of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list. That is, the first operation identifier applies to each analysis identifier.

[0169] Exemplarily, the first operation identifier includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, which means that AnLF can use the model provided by manufacturer 1 and the model provided by manufacturer 2. Alternatively, it can be understood that if the manufacturer of MTLF1 is manufacturer 1 or manufacturer 2, AnLF can use the model trained by MTLF1. For example, assuming that the model provided by manufacturer 1 includes a model corresponding to analysis identifier 1 and a model corresponding to analysis identifier 2, AnLF can use both models.

[0170] It can be understood that the model provided by Manufacturer 1 can be understood as a model produced (or trained) by Manufacturer 1, or a model produced (or trained) by MTLF, and the manufacturer of the MTLF is Manufacturer 1.

[0171] In another possible implementation, if the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, that is, an AnLF can correspond to one or more first operation identifiers. Different first operation identifiers correspond to different analysis identifiers. Among them, the first operation identifier corresponding to the first analysis identifier includes a manufacturer identifier list (or manufacturer list), or is described as a NWDAF provider (or supplier) list. AnLF allows the retrieval or use of models provided by manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list, or AnLF allows models to be obtained from manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list. The first operation identifier also indicates that AnLF supports the use of models provided by manufacturers for network elements (such as: NWDAF) of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list. And these models correspond to the first analysis identifier.

[0172] Exemplarily, it is assumed that the first operation identifier of AnLF includes a first operation identifier corresponding to analysis identifier 1 and a first operation identifier corresponding to analysis identifier 2. The first operation identifier corresponding to analysis identifier 1 includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, that is, AnLF can use the model provided by manufacturer 1 and the model provided by manufacturer 2, and the model corresponds to analysis identifier 1. For example, assuming that the model provided by manufacturer 1 includes a model corresponding to analysis identifier 1 and a model corresponding to analysis identifier 2, then AnLF can use the model corresponding to analysis identifier 1, but cannot use the model corresponding to analysis identifier 2. The first operation identifier corresponding to analysis identifier 2 includes the identifier of manufacturer 4, that is, AnLF can use the model provided by manufacturer 4, and the model corresponds to analysis identifier 2. For example, assuming that the model provided by manufacturer 4 includes a model corresponding to analysis identifier 1 and a model corresponding to analysis identifier 2, then AnLF can use the model corresponding to analysis identifier 2, but cannot use the model corresponding to analysis identifier 1.

[0173] Exemplarily, the AnLF sends a registration message to the NRF, the registration message including a first operation identifier. The first operation identifier includes a list of vendor identifiers, that is, one or more vendor identifiers. The NRF may save the first operation identifier to the NF information (profile) of the AnLF.

[0174] Currently, service-consuming NEs or source AnLF NEs need to use the NE discovery process to discover target AnLF NEs. However, because the NRF does not know the manufacturer information of the model being used by the source AnLF NE, it is unable to accurately select a target AnLF NE that supports the model used by the source AnLF NE. This can result in the target AnLF NE being unable to use the analysis context obtained from the source AnLF NE. Alternatively, it can be understood that there is no guarantee that the AnLF NEs discovered by the NE discovery process support the analysis context obtained from the source AnLF NE. This can lead to analysis context transfer failure, affecting the continuity of analysis services and causing network failures.

[0175] Or it can also be understood that the source AnLF network element is not clear about the manufacturer information of the model provided by MTLF, and therefore cannot accurately select the target AnLF network element that supports the use of the model used by the source AnLF, so that the target AnLF network element may not be able to use the model used by the source AnLF network element, that is, it cannot guarantee that the service consumption network element or the source AnLF network element selects a target AnLF network element that supports the use of the model information contained in the analysis context, which in turn leads to the failure of the analysis context transfer, affecting the continuity of the analysis service and causing network failure.

[0176] Based on the network system architecture shown in FIG1 and the contents of the above-mentioned related technical introduction, several possible communication methods are provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0177] The present application provides a communication method, as shown in FIG2 , which includes:

[0178] Step 200: The first network element sends a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. Correspondingly, the network storage function network element receives the third network element discovery message from the first network element.

[0179] The third network element discovery message includes the first manufacturer's identifier, or the first manufacturer's identifier and the analysis identifier. For how the first network element obtains the first manufacturer's identifier and the analysis identifier, please refer to the relevant steps shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5 below.

[0180] The third network element discovery message is used to discover the analytics function network element. Exemplarily, the third network element discovery message includes a desired service name. The desired service name can be used to determine the network element requested for discovery. For example, when the desired service name included in the third network element discovery message is an analytics subscription (Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe service operation), the third network element discovery message is used to discover the analytics function network element.

[0181] Step 210: The network storage function network element determines one or more fourth analysis function network elements according to the identifier of the first manufacturer.

[0182] In a possible implementation manner, the network storage function network element determines one or more fourth analysis function network elements according to the identifier of the first manufacturer.

[0183] The fourth analysis function network element supports models using manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the first manufacturer identifier is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list. As a possible implementation method, the third network element discovery message may further include the second manufacturer identifier, and the second manufacturer identifier is also one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list.

[0184] Alternatively, it can be described as the network storage function network element determining that the first operation identifier includes the analysis function network element of the first manufacturer's identifier.

[0185] For example, assuming that the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, if the first operation identifier of an analysis function network element includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is the analysis function network element requested to be discovered by the first network element. In addition, the first operation identifier may also include the identifier of another manufacturer, such as the identifier of manufacturer 2, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0186] For another example, assuming that the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, if the first operation identifier of an analysis function network element does not include the identifier of manufacturer 1, the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is not the analysis function network element requested to be discovered by the first network element.

[0187] For another example, assuming that the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, if the first operation identifier of an analysis function network element includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, then the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is the analysis function network element requested to be discovered by the first network element. In addition, the first operation identifier may also include the identifiers of other manufacturers.

[0188] In another possible implementation, the network storage function network element may determine one or more fourth analysis function network elements based on the first manufacturer's identifier and the analysis identifier.

[0189] Among them, the fourth analysis function network element corresponds to one or more first operation identifiers. Different first operation identifiers correspond to different analysis identifiers. Among the above-mentioned one or more first operation identifiers, the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier in the third network element discovery message includes a manufacturer identifier list, and the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list, and these models correspond to the analysis identifier. The identifier of the first manufacturer is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list. As a possible implementation method, the third network element discovery message may also include the identifier of the second manufacturer, and the identifier of the second manufacturer is also one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list.

[0190] Alternatively, it can be described as that the analysis function network element determined by the network storage function network element supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the identifier of the first manufacturer.

[0191] For example, assuming that the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and analysis identifier 1, if an analysis function network element supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier 1, and the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier 1 includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, then the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is the analysis function network element requested to be discovered by the first network element. In addition, the first operation identifier may also include the identifiers of other manufacturers, such as the identifier of manufacturer 2, etc., which is not limited in this application.

[0192] For another example, assuming that the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and analysis identifier 1, if an analysis function network element does not support the provision of the service corresponding to the analysis identifier 1, or an analysis function network element supports the provision of the service corresponding to the analysis identifier 1, but the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier 1 does not include the identifier of manufacturer 1, then the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is not the analysis function network element requested to be discovered by the first network element.

[0193] For another example, assuming that the third network element discovery message includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, the identifier of manufacturer 2, and the analysis identifier 1, if an analysis function network element supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier 1, and the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier 1 includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, then the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is the analysis function network element requested to be discovered by the first network element. In addition, the first operation identifier may also include the identifiers of other manufacturers.

[0194] Step 220: The network storage function network element sends information of one or more fourth analysis function network elements to the first network element. Correspondingly, the first network element receives information of one or more fourth analysis function network elements from the network storage function network element.

[0195] Exemplarily, the information of the fourth analysis function network element may be the NF profile of the fourth analysis function network element.

[0196] Using the above method, the first network element carries the identifier of the first manufacturer, or the identifier and analysis identifier of the first manufacturer in the third network element discovery message. The network storage function network element can determine one or more fourth analysis function network elements based on the third network element discovery message, and send information of one or more fourth analysis function network elements to the first network element. Since the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list, it can be guaranteed that the fourth analysis function network element can use the model provided by the first manufacturer. Furthermore, the first network element selects a target analysis function network element from one or more fourth analysis function network elements, which can enable the target analysis function network element to use the model provided by the first manufacturer that has been used by the first analysis function network element, so as to better provide services to the service consumption network element.

[0197] Among them, the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier. It can be understood that the fourth analysis function network element supports the use of models provided by the model training function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier. The model provided by the first manufacturer can be understood as the model provided by the manufacturer for the model training function network element of the first manufacturer.

[0198] Exemplarily, the first network element may be a first analysis function network element (or source analysis function network element) or a service consumption network element. The following describes the embodiments shown in FIG3 , FIG4 , and FIG5 , respectively. Hereinafter, the analysis function network element is AnLF, the model training function network element is MTLF, and the network storage function network element is NRF as an example for explanation.

[0199] As shown in FIG3 , if the first network element is the first AnLF, the process of the first AnLF determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0200] Step 301: A service consuming network element sends a first analysis subscription message to a first AnLF, wherein the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0201] Exemplarily, the analysis subscription message may be Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe.

[0202] Among them, the service consumption network element requests the analysis identifier corresponding to the service through the first analysis subscription message. For example, the service consumption network element can be AMF, SMF or other core network elements.

[0203] Step 302: The first AnLF sends an NF discovery message 1 to the NRF, wherein the NF discovery message 1 includes an analysis identifier.

[0204] Exemplarily, the NF Discovery message may be Nnrf_NF Discovery. NF Discovery Message 1 is used to discover the MTLF, or to discover the NWDAF of the included MTLF. For example, NF Discovery Message 1 may include a desired service name, where the desired service name is ML model provision (Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision) or ML model information (Nnwdaf_MLModelInfo).

[0205] Step 303: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 1 to the first AnLF.

[0206] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 1 includes information about the first MTLF, where the information about the first MTLF may include at least one of an identifier of the first MTLF, an analysis identifier, and a first interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first MTLF. For example, the information about the first MTLF is the NF profile of the first MTLF.

[0207] As a possible implementation method, the NRF can determine that an MTLF needs to be discovered based on the expected service name in the NF Discovery Message 1. The NRF can save the association between multiple groups of analysis identifiers and MTLFs. The NRF queries the above association based on the analysis identifier in the NF Discovery Message 1 to determine one or more MTLFs. In this case, the NF Discovery Response Message 1 may include information about the one or more MTLFs. The above-mentioned first MTLF can be understood as any one of the one or more MTLFs.

[0208] For example, the NRF stores associations between multiple sets of analysis identifiers and MTLFs: MTLF1 and MTLF2 correspond to analysis identifier 1, MTLF2 and MTLF3 correspond to analysis identifier 2, and MTLF4 corresponds to analysis identifier 3. If the NF discovery message includes analysis identifier 1, the NRF identifies MTLF1 and MTLF2. The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 1 to the first AnLF, which includes information about MTLF1 and MTLF2.

[0209] Step 304: The first AnLF sends a model request message to the first MTLF, wherein the model request message includes an analysis identifier.

[0210] Exemplarily, the model request message is a model provision subscription (Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Subscribe) message, which is used to request provision of a model for a service corresponding to an analysis identifier.

[0211] As a possible implementation method, the first AnLF sends a model request message to any one or more MTLFs indicated by the NF discovery response message 1 according to the received NF discovery response message 1. The following description only takes the example of the first AnLF sending the model request message to the first MTLF.

[0212] For example, if the NF discovery response message 1 includes the identifier of MTLF1 and the identifier of MTLF2, the first AnLF may send a model request message to MTLF1 and / or MTLF2.

[0213] Step 305: The first MTLF sends the first model information and the first instruction information to the first AnLF.

[0214] Exemplarily, the first MTLF sends a model provision notification (Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Notify) message to the first AnLF, and the model provision notification message includes information about the first model and first indication information. The first model is used to provide a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the identifier of the first manufacturer, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the first model. Exemplarily, if the first model is trained by the first MTLF, the identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the first MTLF. In addition, the first MTLF can also send the identifier of the first MTLF to the first AnLF. If the first model is trained by the second MTLF, the identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the second MTLF. In addition, the first MTLF can also send the identifier of the second MTLF to the first AnLF.

[0215] As a possible implementation method, the model provides a notification message including a unique ML model identifier and ML model information associated with the analysis identifier. The ML model information includes first indication information. In addition, the ML model information may also include an ML model file address (for example, a uniform resource locator (URL) or a fully qualified domain name (FQDN), or an analytics data repository functional (ADRF) ID or an ADRF set ID. When the ML model information includes an ADRFID or an ADRF set ID, it may also include a storage transaction ID. It is understandable that the model provides a notification message may also include other content, which is not limited in this application.

[0216] It is understandable that the first MTLF sends information about at least one model and the identifier of the manufacturer providing the at least one model to the first AnLF, and the at least one model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier. The at least one model corresponds to the analysis identifier. The at least one model may include a model trained by the first MTLT, or a model trained by other MTLTs. That is, the first MTLF may provide a model trained by itself, or obtain a model trained by other MTLFs from other MTLFs. The number of models trained by the first MTLT may be one or more, and the number of models trained by other MTLFs may also be one or more.

[0217] It can be understood that the model provided by the first MTLF, such as the first model, may refer to a model generated (or trained) by the first MTLF itself, or a model generated (or trained) by other MTLFs, or a model generated (or trained) jointly by the first MTLF and other MTLFs.

[0218] In one example, the first MTLF sends information about a second model and second indication information to the first AnLF. The second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier. The second indication information includes an identifier of a second manufacturer, which is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element providing the second model. The second manufacturer identifier is different from the identifier of the first manufacturer. For example, the second model is trained by the second MTLF, and the second manufacturer identifier is the identifier of the manufacturer of the second MTLF. Furthermore, the first MTLF may also send the identifier of the second MTLF to the first AnLF.

[0219] In Example 1, the first MTLF sends the identifier of Model 1 and Instruction Information 1, the identifier of Model 2 and Instruction Information 2, and the identifier of Model 3 and Instruction Information 3 to the first AnLF. Instruction Information 1, Instruction Information 2, and Instruction Information 3 all include the identifier of Manufacturer 1. In other words, Manufacturer 1 provides Model 1, Model 2, and Model 3.

[0220] In Example 2, the first MTLF sends the identifier and instruction information 1 of model 1, the identifier and instruction information 2 of model 2, and the identifier and instruction information 3 of model 3 to the first AnLF. Instruction information 1 and instruction information 2 both include the identifier of manufacturer 1, and instruction information 3 includes the identifier of manufacturer 2. In other words, manufacturer 1 provides models 1 and 2, and manufacturer 2 provides model 3.

[0221] In addition, as a possible implementation manner, the model provided by the first MTLF is a model jointly trained by multiple manufacturers, and the first indication information includes at least one in the list of manufacturer identifiers that jointly trained the model.

[0222] Exemplarily, the first indication information includes a list of manufacturer identifiers that jointly train the model, or some of the manufacturer identifiers in the list of manufacturer identifiers.

[0223] For example, assuming that model 1 is jointly trained by manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2, model 1 corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the first MTLF sends information about model 1 and first indication information to the first AnLF. The first indication information includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2.

[0224] For example, assuming that model 1 is trained jointly by manufacturer 1, manufacturer 2 and manufacturer 3, model 1 corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the first MTLF sends information about model 1 and first indication information to the first AnLF. The first indication information includes the identifier of at least one manufacturer, wherein the identifier of at least one manufacturer includes at least one of the identifier of manufacturer 1, the identifier of manufacturer 2 or the identifier of manufacturer 3.

[0225] For example, if the first MTLF can determine that consumers who support the use of models produced by manufacturer X have the ability to use models trained by multiple manufacturers, the first MTLF can only provide one or more of the multiple manufacturer identifiers, where one or more of the multiple manufacturer identifiers includes the identifier of manufacturer X.

[0226] For example, assuming that Model 1 is jointly trained by Manufacturer 1, Manufacturer 2, and Manufacturer 3, if the first MTLF can determine that consumers who support the use of the model produced by Manufacturer 1 have the ability to use models jointly trained by multiple manufacturers, then the first MTLF can only provide the identifier of Manufacturer 1.

[0227] Step 306: The first AnLF uses the first model to provide the service consuming network element with the service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0228] Exemplarily, the first AnLF obtains the first model according to the information of the first model, and uses the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element.

[0229] For example, the information of the first model may include a model file address, such as a URL, and the first AnLF may obtain the first model according to the URL. Alternatively, the information of the first model may include an ADRFID, and the first AnLF may send a model acquisition request to an ADRF identified by the ADRFID, and the ADRF may send the first model to the first AnLF.

[0230] It is understandable that if the first AnLF obtains information of multiple models, it can select at least one model from the multiple models to provide the service consuming network element with a service corresponding to the analysis identifier. This application does not limit the specific manner in which the first AnLF selects a model.

[0231] For example, the first AnLF uses a model provided by a MTLF to provide services to the service consuming network element. Alternatively, the first AnLF uses models provided by multiple MTLFs to provide services to the service consuming network element. The first AnLF can integrate the prediction results of the models provided by the multiple MTLFs, and then obtain analysis results to provide services to the service consuming network element.

[0232] Exemplarily, the first AnLF further receives information about the second model and second indication information from the first MTLF or the second MTLF, and the first AnLF may further use the second model to provide the service consuming network element with a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0233] Based on the above steps 303 and 304, it can be seen that the first AnLF can send a model request message to at least one MTLF, and then obtain information about the models provided by the at least one MTLF, and select at least one model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element based on the obtained information about the models provided by the at least one MTLF.

[0234] Example A: The first AnLF can obtain information about model 1, model 2, and model 3 from the first MTLF. The first AnLF then selects at least one of model 1, model 2, and model 3 based on the information about model 1, model 2, and model 3 to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element.

[0235] Example B: The first AnLF can obtain information about model 1, model 2, and model 3 from the first MTLF, and the first AnLF can obtain information about model 6 and model 9 from the second MTLF. Then, the first AnLF can select at least one of model 1, model 2, model 3, model 6, or model 9 based on the information about model 1, model 2, model 3, model 6, and model 9 to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element.

[0236] In addition, the first AnLF may also send a first message to the service consuming network element. The first message may be an analysis subscription response and / or an analysis subscription notification.

[0237] Step 307: The first AnLF determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0238] For example, if the first AnLF determines that it is in an overload state, or is close to or exceeds the service uptime according to the network element state, or the first AnLF is about to shut down and stop providing services, the first AnLF determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0239] Step 308: The first AnLF sends the NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 308 corresponds to the above step 200.

[0240] The NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the first manufacturer, or the identifier of the first manufacturer and the analysis identifier.

[0241] The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF containing the AnLF. Exemplarily, the NF discovery message 2 may include a desired service name, where the desired service name is analysis subscription.

[0242] It is understandable that if the first AnLF uses the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element, the NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the manufacturer providing the first model, that is, the identifier of the first manufacturer. If the first AnLF also uses other models to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element, and the manufacturer providing the model is not the first manufacturer, the NF discovery message 2 may also include the identifier of the other manufacturer.

[0243] For example, if the first AnLF can also use the second model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element, wherein the manufacturer providing the second model is a second manufacturer, and the identifier of the second manufacturer is different from the identifier of the first manufacturer, then the NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the manufacturer providing the second model, that is, the identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0244] Step 309: The NRF determines one or more fourth AnLFs according to the NF discovery message 2. Step 309 corresponds to the above step 210.

[0245] Exemplarily, the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier of the fourth AnLF includes the identifier of the first manufacturer.

[0246] If the NF discovery message 2 includes the first manufacturer's identifier, the NRF may determine one or more fourth AnLFs based on the first manufacturer's identifier. If the NF discovery message 2 includes the first manufacturer's identifier and the analysis identifier, the NRF may determine one or more fourth AnLFs based on the first manufacturer's identifier and the analysis identifier. For details, please refer to the relevant content of step 210 above and will not be repeated here.

[0247] In addition, if the NF discovery message 2 also includes identifiers of other manufacturers, such as the identifier of the second manufacturer, then the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier of the fourth AnLF includes the identifier of the first manufacturer and / or the identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0248] That is, if the NF finds that the request message 2 includes x vendor identifiers, the NRF determines that the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier of the AnLF includes some or all of the x vendor identifiers, where x is a positive integer.

[0249] Step 310: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 2 to the first AnLF. Step 310 corresponds to the above step 220.

[0250] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of one or more fourth AnLFs.

[0251] Step 311: The first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF, wherein the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0252] Exemplarily, the first AnLF determines a target AnLF according to the received NF discovery response message 2, and sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF.

[0253] In one example, when the NF discovers that the response message 2 includes information of a fourth AnLF, the first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the fourth AnLF, and the fourth AnLF is the target AnLF.

[0254] In another example, when the NF discovers that the response message 2 includes information of multiple fourth AnLFs, the first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF, where the target AnLF is one of the multiple fourth AnLFs. This application does not limit the specific method by which the first AnLF determines the target AnLF from the multiple fourth AnLFs.

[0255] Using the method shown in Figure 3 above, the first AnLF uses the first model provided by the first manufacturer to provide services for the service consumption network element. When the first AnLF determines the target AnLF, the first AnLF can obtain one or more AnLFs that can use the model provided by the first manufacturer through the NRF, and determine the target AnLF from them. After analyzing the subscription transfer to the target ANLF, the target AnLF can use the model provided by the first manufacturer, which can better provide services to the service consumption network element and ensure service continuity.

[0256] As shown in FIG4 , if the first network element is a service consuming network element, the process of the service consuming network element determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0257] Steps 401 to 406 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 301 to 306 and will not be repeated here.

[0258] Step 407: The first AnLF sends a first message to the service consuming network element. The first message includes the identifier of the first manufacturer.

[0259] Exemplarily, the first message may be an analysis subscription response and / or an analysis subscription notification.

[0260] It can be understood that if the first AnLF uses the first model to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, the first message includes the identifier of the manufacturer providing the first model, that is, the identifier of the first manufacturer. If the first AnLF also uses other models to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, and the manufacturer providing the model is not the first manufacturer, the first message may also include the identifiers of other manufacturers.

[0261] For example, if the first AnLF can also use the second model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, wherein the manufacturer providing the second model is the second manufacturer, and the identifier of the second manufacturer is different from the identifier of the first manufacturer, then the first message includes the identifier of the manufacturer providing the second model, that is, the identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0262] Step 408: The service consuming network element determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0263] For example, the service consuming network element may determine the need to select a target AnLF based on internal logic or external trigger conditions. For example, the service consuming network element starts requesting related analysis, or receives a stop subscription request for an existing analysis, and then selects a new AnLF to continue serving it.

[0264] Step 409: The service consuming network element sends the NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 409 corresponds to the above step 200.

[0265] The NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the first manufacturer, or the identifier of the first manufacturer and the analysis identifier.

[0266] The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF that contains the AnLF.

[0267] It is understandable that the first message may further include one or more manufacturer identifiers, and the NF discovery message 2 may further include one or more manufacturer identifiers.

[0268] Exemplarily, the first message further includes the identifier of the second manufacturer, and therefore, the NF discovery message 2 further includes the identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0269] Step 410: The NRF determines one or more fourth AnLFs according to the NF discovery message 2. Step 410 corresponds to the above step 210.

[0270] For details, please refer to the above step 309, which will not be repeated here.

[0271] Step 411: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 2 to the service consuming network element. Step 411 corresponds to the above step 220.

[0272] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of one or more fourth AnLFs.

[0273] Step 412: The service consuming network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, wherein the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0274] Exemplarily, the service consuming network element determines the target AnLF according to the received NF discovery response message 2, and sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF.

[0275] In one example, when the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of a fourth AnLF, the service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the fourth AnLF, and the fourth AnLF is the target AnLF.

[0276] In another example, when the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of multiple fourth AnLFs, the service consuming network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, where the target AnLF is one of the multiple fourth AnLFs. This application does not limit the specific manner in which the service consuming network element determines the target AnLF from the multiple fourth AnLFs.

[0277] As shown in FIG5 , if the first network element is a service consumption network element, the process of the service consumption network element determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0278] Steps 501 to 506 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 301 to 306 and will not be repeated here.

[0279] Step 507: The service consuming network element determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0280] Step 508: The service consuming network element sends a second message to the first AnLF. The second message is used to request the service consuming network element to provide the identifier of the manufacturer of the service model corresponding to the analysis identifier. The second message may also be called an AnLF transfer request message.

[0281] Step 509: The first AnLF sends a third message to the service consuming network element. The third message includes the identifier of the first manufacturer and can also be called an AnLF transfer response message.

[0282] It can be understood that if the first AnLF uses the first model to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, the third message includes the identifier of the manufacturer providing the first model, that is, the identifier of the first manufacturer. If the first AnLF also uses other models to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, and the manufacturer providing the model is not the first manufacturer, the third message may also include the identifiers of other manufacturers.

[0283] For example, if the first AnLF can also use the second model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, wherein the manufacturer providing the second model is the second manufacturer, and the identifier of the second manufacturer is different from the identifier of the first manufacturer, then the third message includes the identifier of the manufacturer providing the second model, that is, the identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0284] Step 510: The service consuming network element sends an NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 510 corresponds to the above step 200.

[0285] The NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the first manufacturer, or the identifier of the first manufacturer and the analysis identifier.

[0286] The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF that contains the AnLF.

[0287] It is understandable that the third message may also include one or more manufacturer identifiers, and the NF discovery message 2 may also include one or more manufacturer identifiers.

[0288] Exemplarily, the third message further includes the identifier of the second manufacturer, and therefore, the NF discovery message 2 further includes the identifier of the second manufacturer.

[0289] Steps 511 to 513 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 410 to 412 and will not be repeated here.

[0290] Using the method shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 above, the first AnLF uses the first model provided by the first manufacturer to provide services to the service consumption network element. When the service consumption network element determines the target AnLF, the service consumption network element can determine one or more fourth AnLFs that can use the model provided by the first manufacturer through NRF, and determine the target AnLF from them. After sending the second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, the target AnLF can use the model provided by the first manufacturer, which can better provide services to the service consumption network element and ensure service continuity.

[0291] The present application also provides a communication method, as shown in FIG6 , which includes:

[0292] Step 600: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. Correspondingly, the network storage function network element receives the second network element discovery message from the first network element.

[0293] The second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier, or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier. The first interoperability identifier includes a vendor identifier list, which is referred to as a first vendor identifier list. Regarding how the first network element obtains the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier, please refer to the relevant steps shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9 below.

[0294] As a possible implementation method, the second network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element. Exemplarily, the second network element discovery message includes a desired service name. The desired service name can be used to determine the network element for which discovery is requested. For example, when the desired service name included in the second network element discovery message is analysis subscription, the second network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element.

[0295] Step 610: The network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements according to the first interoperability identifier.

[0296] Step 620: The network storage function network element sends information of one or more third analysis function network elements to the first network element.

[0297] Exemplarily, the information of the third analysis function network element may be the NF profile of the third analysis function network element.

[0298] Regarding step 610, several possible implementations are described below:

[0299] A first possible implementation manner: the network storage function network element may determine one or more third analysis function network elements according to the first interoperability identifier.

[0300] The first possible implementation method may specifically include but is not limited to the following two implementation methods:

[0301] Possible implementation 1:

[0302] Scenario (1) The second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier, that is, the second network element discovery message includes an interoperability identifier.

[0303] If the second network element discovers that the message includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list, the network storage function network element selects the analysis function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the first manufacturer identifier list, that is, the manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element is one of the ones in the first manufacturer identifier list, or is described as the manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element belonging to the first manufacturer identifier list.

[0304] In addition, after the first network element receives information from one or more third analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the first network element selects a target analysis function network element, which is one of the one or more third analysis function network elements, that is, the manufacturer's identifier of the target analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list, or it can be understood that the first network element verifies whether the manufacturer's identifier of the analysis function network element provided by the network storage function network element belongs to the first manufacturer identifier list. For example, if the information of the analysis function network element A sent by the network storage function network element includes the manufacturer's identifier of the analysis function network element A, the first network element can verify whether the manufacturer's identifier belongs to the first manufacturer identifier list. If so, the first network element can select the analysis function network element A as the target analysis function network element. If there are multiple analysis function network elements whose manufacturer identifiers belong to the first manufacturer identifier list, the first network element can randomly select or select a target analysis function network element from multiple analysis function network elements in combination with other information.

[0305] For example, if the second network element discovers that the message includes a first interoperability identifier, assuming that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, the first manufacturer identifier list includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, the network storage function network element selects the manufacturer identifier as the analysis function network element of the identifier of manufacturer 1 or the identifier of manufacturer 2.

[0306] Scenario (2) The second network element discovery message may further include a second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a vendor identifier list, which is recorded as a second vendor identifier list. That is, the second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. It is understandable that the second network element discovery message may include one or more interoperability identifiers, which is not limited in this application. The following description will only take two interoperability identifiers as an example.

[0307] If the second network element discovers that the message includes the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier, the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes the second manufacturer identifier list, the network storage function network element selects the analysis function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list, that is, selects the analysis function network element whose manufacturer identifier belongs to the intersection of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0308] Or it can be described as follows: if the manufacturer's identifier of the third analysis function network element selected by the network storage function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list, and at the same time the manufacturer's identifier of the third analysis function network element is also one in the second manufacturer identifier list, that is, the manufacturer's identifier of the third analysis function network element is one in the intersection of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0309] In one example, a first network element sends a second network element discovery message to a network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier and a second interoperability identifier. The network storage function network element determines the intersection of a first vendor identifier list and a second vendor identifier list based on the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes the second vendor identifier list. The network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the intersection of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list. The identifier of the vendor of the third analysis function network element belongs to the intersection of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list.

[0310] In another example, the first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message may include vendor information, and the vendor information includes at least one vendor identifier. Exemplarily, the at least one vendor identifier includes the intersection of a first vendor identifier list and a second vendor identifier list. The first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes the second vendor identifier list. Furthermore, the network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the vendor information, where the vendor identifier of the third analysis function network element belongs to the at least one vendor identifier included in the vendor information.

[0311] For example, assume that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 6.

[0312] Example A: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier and a second interoperability identifier. The network storage function network element determines the intersection of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list, and the intersection includes the identifier of manufacturer 1. The network storage function network element determines that the manufacturer identifier is the analysis function network element of the identifier of manufacturer 1.

[0313] Example B: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes the intersection of the first manufacturer identification list and the second manufacturer identification list. The intersection includes the identification of manufacturer 1. The network storage function network element determines that the manufacturer identification is the analysis function network element of the identification of manufacturer 1.

[0314] Possible implementation 2:

[0315] Scenario (1) The second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier, that is, the second network element discovery message only includes one interoperability identifier.

[0316] If the second network element discovers that the message includes the first interoperability identifier and the first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, the network storage function network element selects the analysis function network element whose vendor identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list.

[0317] That is, the vendor identification list included in the first operation identifier of the third analysis function network element selected by the network storage function network element includes the first vendor identification list. Alternatively, it can be described as follows: the first vendor identification list is a subset of the vendor identification list included in the first operation identifier of the third analysis function network element.

[0318] For example, assuming that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the first manufacturer identifier list includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, if the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier of an analysis function network element includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, then the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list, and the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is the third analysis function network element. In addition, the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier may also include identifiers of other manufacturers, for example, the identifier of manufacturer 5, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0319] For another example, assuming that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, the first manufacturer identifier list includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, the identifier of manufacturer 4, and the identifier of manufacturer 5, if the first operation identifier of an analysis function network element includes a manufacturer identifier list including the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, then the first operation identifier of the analysis function network element includes a manufacturer identifier list including the first manufacturer identifier list, and the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is not the third analysis function network element.

[0320] Scenario (2) The second network element discovery message may further include a second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a vendor identifier list, which is recorded as a second vendor identifier list. That is, the second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. It is understandable that the second network element discovery message may include one or more interoperability identifiers, which is not limited in this application. The following description will only take two interoperability identifiers as an example.

[0321] If the second network element discovers that the message includes a first interoperability identifier and a second interoperability identifier, the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list, the network storage function network element selects an analysis function network element in which the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list and the third manufacturer identifier list. Alternatively, it can also be understood that the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier includes the union of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0322] In one example, a first network element sends a second network element discovery message to a network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier and a second interoperability identifier. The network storage function network element determines the union of a first vendor identifier list and a second vendor identifier list based on the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes the second vendor identifier list. The network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the union of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list. The vendor identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier of the third analysis function network element includes the union of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list.

[0323] In another possible implementation, the first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message may include manufacturer information. The manufacturer information includes the identifier of at least one manufacturer. Exemplarily, the identifier of at least one manufacturer includes the union of a first manufacturer identifier list and a second manufacturer identifier list. The first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes the second manufacturer identifier list. Furthermore, the network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the manufacturer information. The manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier of the third analysis function network element includes the union of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0324] For example, assume that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 6.

[0325] Example A: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier and a second interoperability identifier. The network storage function network element determines the union of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list, which includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, the identifier of manufacturer 2, and the identifier of manufacturer 6. The network storage function network element determines that the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier includes the analysis function network element of the union.

[0326] Example B: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes the union of the first manufacturer identification list and the second manufacturer identification list, and the union includes the identification of manufacturer 1, the identification of manufacturer 2, and the identification of manufacturer 6. The network storage function network element determines that the manufacturer identification list included in the first operation identification includes the analysis function network element of the union.

[0327] A second possible implementation manner: the network storage function network element may determine one or more analysis function network elements based on the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier, and the third analysis function network element in step 610 is any one of the one or more analysis function network elements.

[0328] The second possible implementation method may specifically include but is not limited to the following two implementation methods:

[0329] Possible implementation 1:

[0330] Scenario (1) The second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier, that is, the second network element discovery message only includes one interoperability identifier.

[0331] If the second network element discovers that the message includes the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, the network storage function network element selects an analysis function network element that supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the vendor identifier of the third analysis function network element is one of the vendor identifiers in the first vendor identifier list. That is, if the network storage function network element selects a third analysis function network element that supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the vendor identifier of the third analysis function network element is one of the vendor identifiers in the first vendor identifier list.

[0332] For example, if the second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier 1, assuming that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, the first manufacturer identifier list includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, the network storage function network element selects the analysis function network element that supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier 1, and the manufacturer identifier is the identifier of manufacturer 1 or the identifier of manufacturer 2.

[0333] Scenario (2) The second network element discovery message may further include a second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a vendor identifier list, which is recorded as a second vendor identifier list. That is, the second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. It is understandable that the second network element discovery message may include one or more interoperability identifiers, which is not limited in this application. The following description will only take two interoperability identifiers as an example.

[0334] If the second network element discovers that the message includes a first interoperability identifier, a second interoperability identifier and an analysis identifier, the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list, the network storage function network element selects an analysis function network element that supports the provision of the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the manufacturer's identifier belongs to the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list, that is, it selects an analysis function network element that supports the provision of the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the manufacturer's identifier belongs to the intersection of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0335] Or it can be described as follows: if the third analysis function network element selected by the network storage function network element supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list, and the manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element is also one in the second manufacturer identifier list, that is, the manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element is one in the intersection of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0336] In one example, a first network element sends a second network element discovery message to a network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, a second interoperability identifier, and an analysis identifier. The network storage function network element determines the intersection of a first vendor identifier list and a second vendor identifier list based on the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier includes a first vendor identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list. The network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the intersection of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list and the analysis identifier. The identifier of the vendor of the third analysis function network element belongs to the intersection of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list, and supports providing services corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0337] In another example, the first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message may include manufacturer information and an analysis identifier. The manufacturer information includes the identifier of at least one manufacturer. Exemplarily, the identifier of at least one manufacturer includes the intersection of a first manufacturer identifier list and a second manufacturer identifier list. The first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list. Furthermore, the network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the manufacturer information and the analysis identifier. The manufacturer identifier of the third analysis function network element belongs to the identifier of at least one manufacturer included in the manufacturer information, and supports providing services corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0338] For example, assume that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 6.

[0339] Example A: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, a second interoperability identifier and an analysis identifier. The network storage function network element determines the intersection of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list, which includes the identifier of manufacturer 1. The network storage function network element determines the analysis function network element that supports providing the service corresponding to analysis identifier 1, and the manufacturer identifier is the identifier of manufacturer 1.

[0340] Example B: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes the intersection of the first manufacturer identification list and the second manufacturer identification list and the analysis identification. The intersection includes the identification of manufacturer 1. The network storage function network element determines that it supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identification 1, and the manufacturer identification is the analysis function network element of the identification of manufacturer 1.

[0341] Possible implementation 2:

[0342] Scenario (1) The second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier, that is, the second network element discovery message only includes one interoperability identifier.

[0343] If the second network element discovers that the message includes the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, the network storage function network element selects an analysis function network element that supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and whose vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the first vendor identifier list. The third analysis function network element corresponds to one or more first operation identifiers, where different first operation identifiers correspond to different analysis identifiers, and the one or more first operation identifiers include the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0344] That is, if the third analysis function network element selected by the network storage function network element supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the first vendor identifier list. Alternatively, it can be described as follows: the first vendor identifier list is a subset of the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0345] For example, assuming that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the first manufacturer identifier list includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, if an analysis function network element supports providing services corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the identifier of manufacturer 1 and the identifier of manufacturer 2, then the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list, and the network storage function network element determines that the analysis function network element is the third analysis function network element. In addition, the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier can also include the identifiers of other manufacturers, for example, the identifier of manufacturer 5, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0346] Scenario (2) The second network element discovery message may further include a second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a vendor identifier list, which is recorded as a second vendor identifier list. That is, the second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. It is understandable that the second network element discovery message may include one or more interoperability identifiers, which is not limited in this application. The following description will only take two interoperability identifiers as an example.

[0347] If the second network element discovers that the message includes the first interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier, and the analysis identifier, the first interoperability identifier includes the first vendor identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes the second vendor identifier list, the network storage function network element selects the analysis function network element that supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the first vendor identifier list and the third vendor identifier list. The vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the first vendor identifier list and the third vendor identifier list. It can also be understood that the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the union of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list.

[0348] In one example, a first network element sends a second network element discovery message to a network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, a second interoperability identifier, and an analysis identifier. The network storage function network element determines the union of a first vendor identifier list and a second vendor identifier list based on the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier includes a first vendor identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list. The network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the union of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list and the analysis identifier. The third analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the union of the first vendor identifier list and the second vendor identifier list.

[0349] In another possible implementation, the first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message may include manufacturer information and an analysis identifier. The manufacturer information includes the identifier of at least one manufacturer. Exemplarily, the identifier of at least one manufacturer includes the union of a first manufacturer identifier list and a second manufacturer identifier list. The first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list. Furthermore, the network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements based on the manufacturer information and the analysis identifier. The third analysis function network element supports providing services corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the union of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0350] For example, assume that the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 2, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list including the identifiers of manufacturer 1 and manufacturer 6.

[0351] Example A: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, a second interoperability identifier and an analysis identifier. The network storage function network element determines the union of the first manufacturer identifier list and the second manufacturer identifier list, and the union includes the identifier of manufacturer 1, the identifier of manufacturer 2 and the identifier of manufacturer 6. The network storage function network element determines that it supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier includes the analysis function network element of the union.

[0352] Example B: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element. The second network element discovery message includes the union of the first manufacturer identification list and the second manufacturer identification list and the analysis identification. The union includes the identification of manufacturer 1, the identification of manufacturer 2 and the identification of manufacturer 6. The network storage function network element determines that it supports providing the service corresponding to the analysis identification, and the manufacturer identification list included in the first operation identification corresponding to the analysis identification includes the analysis function network element of the union.

[0353] In addition, it can be understood that if the network storage function network element fails to find the third analysis function network element, the network storage function network element can also provide information of other analysis function network elements.

[0354] Using the above method, the first network element carries the first interoperability identifier, or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier in the second network element discovery message, and then the network storage function network element can determine the candidate analysis function network element (i.e., one or more third analysis function network elements) based on the second network element discovery message, and send the information of the candidate analysis function network element to the first network element. The first network element determines the target analysis function network element based on the information of the candidate analysis function network element. The target analysis function network element can better provide services for the service consumption network element and ensure the continuity of the service.

[0355] Exemplarily, if the first network element is a first analysis function network element, the first analysis function network element uses the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, and the first analysis function network element determines that it needs to select a target analysis function network element, then sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, wherein the second network element discovery message includes the first interoperability identifier, or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier. The first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the model training function network element that provides information about the first model, or the interoperability identifier of the model training function network element that provides information about the first model. The following explanation is based on the example that the first model is trained by the first model training function network element, and the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element, or the interoperability identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0356] The network storage function network element can determine a candidate analysis function network element (i.e., one or more third analysis function network elements) based on the second network element discovery message, and send information about the candidate analysis function network elements to the first analysis network element. The first analysis function network element determines a target analysis function network element based on the information about the candidate analysis function network elements. The manufacturer's identifier of the target analysis function network element belongs to the manufacturer identifier list of the first interoperability identifier.

[0357] Since the manufacturer's identifier of the target analysis function network element belongs to the first interoperability identifier, the target analysis function network element can use the model provided by the first model training function network element, that is, it can use the first model, or it can be understood that the target analysis function network element can use the model used by the first analysis function network element. Since the target analysis function network element can use the model used by the first analysis function network element, the target analysis function network element can better utilize the analysis context obtained from the first analysis function network element and better provide the service consumption network element with the service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0358] Exemplarily, the first network element may be a first analysis function network element (or source analysis function network element) or a service consumption network element. The following describes the embodiments shown in FIG7 , FIG8 , and FIG9 , respectively. Hereinafter, the analysis function network element is AnLF, the model training function network element is MTLF, and the network storage function network element is NRF as an example for explanation.

[0359] As shown in FIG7 , if the first network element is the first AnLF, the process of the first AnLF determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0360] Step 701: The service consuming network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first AnLF, wherein the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0361] Exemplarily, the analysis subscription message may be Nnwdaf_AnalyticsSubscription_Subscribe.

[0362] Step 702: The first AnLF sends an NF discovery message 1 to the NRF, wherein the NF discovery message 1 includes an analysis identifier.

[0363] For example, the NF discovery message may be Nnrf_NF Discovery. The NF discovery message 1 is used to discover the MTLF, or to discover the NWDAF included in the MTLF.

[0364] Step 703: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 1 to the first AnLF.

[0365] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 1 includes information about the first MTLF, where the information about the first MTLF may include at least one of an identifier of the first MTLF, an analysis identifier, and a first interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first MTLF, or an interoperability identifier of the first MTLF. For example, the information about the first MTLF is the NF profile of the first MTLF.

[0366] The NF discovery response message 1 may include information of the one or more MTLFs. The first MTLF may be understood as any one or more of the one or more MTLFs.

[0367] Step 704: The first AnLF sends a model request message to the first MTLF, wherein the model request message includes an analysis identifier.

[0368] Exemplarily, the model request message is a model provision subscription (Nnwdaf_MLModelProvision_Subscribe) message, which is used to request provision of a model for a service corresponding to an analysis identifier.

[0369] As a possible implementation method, the first AnLF sends a model request message to any one or more MTLFs indicated by the NF discovery response message 1 according to the received NF discovery response message 1. The following description only takes the example of the first AnLF sending the model request message to the first MTLF.

[0370] For example, if the NF discovery response message 1 includes the identifier of MTLF1 and the identifier of MTLF2, the first AnLF may send a model request message to MTLF1 and / or MTLF2.

[0371] Step 705: The first MTLF sends the first model information and the first instruction information to the first AnLF.

[0372] Exemplarily, the first MTLF sends a model provision notification message to the first AnLF, and the model provision notification message includes information of the first model and first indication information. The first model is used to provide a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the first indication information includes a first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list. Exemplarily, if the first model is trained by the first MTLF, the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier of the first MTLF, or the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first MTLF. If the first model is trained by the second MTLF, the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier of the second MTLF, or the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second MTLF.

[0373] As a possible implementation, the model provision notification message includes a unique ML model identifier associated with the analysis identifier and ML model information, wherein the information of the first model is the unique ML model identifier associated with the analysis identifier, and the ML model information includes the first indication information.

[0374] It is understandable that the first MTLF sends information about at least one model to the first AnLF. The at least one model may include a model trained by the first MTLT or a model trained by another MTLT. That is, the first MTLF may provide a model trained by itself or obtain a model trained by another MTLF from another MTLF. The number of models trained by the first MTLT may be one or more, and the number of models trained by another MTLF may also be one or more.

[0375] In one example, the first MTLF sends information about the second model and second indication information to the first AnLF, where the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the second indication information includes a second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list. Exemplarily, if the second model is trained by the second MTLF, the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier of the second MTLF, or the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second MTLF.

[0376] In Example 1, the first MTLF sends the identifier and instruction information 1 of model 1, the identifier and instruction information 2 of model 2, and the identifier and instruction information 3 of model 3 to the first AnLF. Instruction information 1, instruction information 2, and instruction information 3 all include interoperability identifier 1. This means that models 1, 2, and 3 are produced by the same MTLF and correspond to the same analysis identifier and the same interoperability identifier.

[0377] In Example 2, the first MTLF sends the identifier and instruction information 1 of model 1, the identifier and instruction information 2 of model 2, and the identifier and instruction information 3 of model 3 to the first AnLF. Instruction information 1 and instruction information 2 both include interoperability identifier 1, and instruction information 3 includes interoperability identifier 2. This means that models 1 and 2 are produced by the same MTLF and therefore correspond to the same analysis identifier and interoperability identifier. Model 3 is produced by a different MTLF than model 1, and therefore generally has a different interoperability identifier.

[0378] The following description will be made by taking as an example a case where the first model is trained for the first MTLF, the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier of the first MTLF, or the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first MTLF.

[0379] Step 706: The first AnLF uses the first model to provide the service consuming network element with the service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0380] For details, please refer to the above step 306, which will not be repeated here.

[0381] Step 707: The first AnLF determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0382] Step 708: The first AnLF sends the NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 708 corresponds to the above step 600.

[0383] The NF discovery message 2 includes the first interoperability identifier, or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier.

[0384] The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF that contains the AnLF.

[0385] It can be understood that, in combination with 706, the first AnLF uses the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, and the first AnLF determines the MTLF that produces (or trains) the first model. It can be seen from the above step 705 that the information of the first model is provided by the first MTLF. Further, the first AnLF determines the interoperability identifier of the first MTLF, or the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first MTLF. It can be seen from the above step 703 that the NRF discovers the first MTLF for the first ANLF and can provide the first interoperability identifier at the same time. Alternatively, it can be seen from the above step 705 that the first MTLF also sends the first indication information to the first AnLF, and the first indication information may include the first interoperability identifier. That is, the first AnLF can obtain the first interoperability identifier from step 703 or step 705, and then generate the NF discovery request message 2. Of course, the first AnLF can also obtain the first interoperability identifier in other ways, such as being pre-configured in the first AnLF by a third party, and this application is not limited to this.

[0386] If the first AnLF also uses another model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service-consuming network element, and this model is not produced by the same MTLF as the first model, the first AnLF also needs to determine the interoperability identifier of the MTLF that produced the model. The specific method is similar to the above process and is not repeated here. In this case, NF Discovery Message 2 also includes other interoperability identifiers. In other words, NF Discovery Message 2 can include one or more interoperability identifiers.

[0387] Exemplarily, if the first AnLF can also use the second model to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, wherein the second model is trained by the second MTLF, the interoperability identifier of the second MTLF, or the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second MTLF is the second interoperability identifier, then the NF discovery message 2 also includes the second interoperability identifier.

[0388] Step 709: The NRF determines one or more third AnLFs according to the NF discovery message 2. Step 709 corresponds to the above step 610.

[0389] For details, please refer to the above 610. In addition, if the NF discovery message 2 also includes other interoperability identifiers, such as the second interoperability identifier, the NRF can determine one or more third AnLFs based on the first interoperability identifier and the second interoperability identifier, or the NRF can determine one or more third AnLFs based on the first interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier.

[0390] For example, if the NF discovery message 2 includes the first interoperability identifier, the identifier of the manufacturer of the third ANLF belongs to the first interoperability identifier.

[0391] Step 710: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 2 to the first AnLF. Step 710 corresponds to the above step 620.

[0392] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of one or more third AnLFs.

[0393] Step 711: The first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF, wherein the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0394] Exemplarily, the first AnLF determines a target AnLF according to the received NF discovery response message 2, and sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF.

[0395] In one example, when the NF discovers that the response message 2 includes information of a third AnLF, the first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the third AnLF, and the third AnLF is the target AnLF.

[0396] In another example, when the NF discovers that the response message 2 includes information of multiple third AnLFs, the first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF, where the target AnLF is one of the multiple third AnLFs. This application does not limit the specific method by which the first AnLF determines the target AnLF from the multiple third AnLFs.

[0397] Using the method shown in Figure 7 above, when the first AnLF determines the target AnLF, the NRF can determine one or more third AnLFs for the first AnLF based on the first interoperability identifier or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier. The first ANLF can determine the target AnLF from them, and then after the analysis subscription is transferred to the target ANLF, the target AnLF can better provide services to the service consumption network element and ensure service continuity.

[0398] As shown in FIG8 , if the first network element is a service consuming network element, the process of the service consuming network element determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0399] Steps 801 to 806 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 701 to 706 and will not be repeated here.

[0400] Step 807: The first AnLF sends a first message to the service consuming network element. The first message includes a first interoperability identifier.

[0401] Exemplarily, the first message may be an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification.

[0402] It can be understood that if the first AnLF uses the first model to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, the first message includes the first interoperability identifier. If the first AnLF also uses other models to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, and the model is not trained by the same MTLF as the first model, the first message also includes other interoperability identifiers.

[0403] For example, if the first AnLF can also use the second model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element, and the second model is trained by the second MTLF, then the first message includes the second interoperability identifier. The second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier of the analysis identifier of the second MTLF, or the interoperability identifier of the second MTLF.

[0404] Step 808: The service consuming network element determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0405] Step 809: The service consuming network element sends the NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 808 corresponds to the above step 600.

[0406] The NF discovery message 2 includes the first interoperability identifier, or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier.

[0407] The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF that contains the AnLF.

[0408] It can be understood that the first message may also include other interoperability identifiers, and the NF discovery message 2 may also include other interoperability identifiers.

[0409] Exemplarily, the first message further includes the second interoperability identifier, and therefore, the NF discovery message 2 further includes the second interoperability identifier.

[0410] Step 810: The NRF determines one or more third AnLFs according to the NF discovery message 2. Step 810 corresponds to the above step 610.

[0411] For details, please refer to the above step 709, which will not be repeated here.

[0412] Step 811: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 2 to the service consuming network element. Step 811 corresponds to the above step 620.

[0413] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of one or more third AnLFs.

[0414] Step 812: The service consuming network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, wherein the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0415] Exemplarily, the service consuming network element determines the target AnLF according to the received NF discovery response message 2, and sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF.

[0416] In one example, when the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of a third AnLF, the service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the third AnLF, and the third AnLF is the target AnLF.

[0417] In another example, when the NF discovery response message 2 includes information about multiple third AnLFs, the service consuming network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, where the target AnLF is one of the multiple third AnLFs. This application does not limit the specific manner in which the service consuming network element determines the target AnLF from the multiple third AnLFs.

[0418] As shown in FIG9 , if the first network element is a service consuming network element, the process of the service consuming network element determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0419] Steps 901 to 906 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 701 to 706 and will not be repeated here.

[0420] Step 907: The service consuming network element determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0421] Step 908: The service consuming network element sends a fourth message to the first AnLF. The fourth message is used to request the service consuming network element to provide the interoperability identifier of the service model corresponding to the analysis identifier. The fourth message can also be called an AnLF transfer request message.

[0422] Step 909: The first AnLF sends a fifth message to the service consuming network element. The fifth message includes the first interoperability identifier. The fourth message may also be called an AnLF transfer response message.

[0423] It can be understood that if the first AnLF uses the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, the fifth message includes the first interoperability identifier. If the first AnLF also uses other models to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element and the model is not trained by the same MTLF as the first model, the fifth message may also include other interoperability identifiers.

[0424] Exemplarily, if the fifth message further includes the second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier of the analysis identifier of the second MTLF, or the interoperability identifier of the second MTLF.

[0425] Step 910: The service consuming network element sends an NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 910 corresponds to the above step 600.

[0426] The NF discovery message 2 includes the first interoperability identifier, or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier.

[0427] The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF that contains the AnLF.

[0428] It can be understood that the fifth message may further include a second interoperability identifier, and the NF discovery message 2 may further include the second interoperability identifier.

[0429] Steps 911 to 913 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 810 to 812 and will not be repeated here.

[0430] Using the method shown in Figure 8 or Figure 9 above, when the service consumption network element determines the target AnLF, the NRF can determine one or more third AnLFs for the service consumption network element based on the first interoperability identifier or the first interoperability identifier and the analysis identifier, and the service consumption network element determines the target AnLF from them. After sending the second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, the target AnLF can better provide services to the service consumption network element and ensure service continuity.

[0431] The present application also provides a communication method, as shown in FIG10 , which includes:

[0432] Step 1000: A first network element sends a first network element discovery message to a network storage function network element. Correspondingly, the network storage function network element receives the first network element discovery message from the first network element.

[0433] The first network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the first network element discovery message includes the identifier of the first model training function network element and the analysis identifier. Regarding how the first network element obtains the identifier of the first manufacturer and the analysis identifier, please refer to the relevant steps shown in Figure 11 below.

[0434] Step 1010: The network storage function network element determines the second analysis function network element based on the identifier and analysis identifier of the first model training function network element, wherein the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is one of the manufacturer identifiers in the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element, or the interoperability identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0435] Exemplarily, the network storage function network element can determine information about the first model training function network element, for example, the NF profile of the first model training function network element, based on the identifier of the first model training function network element, and further determine a first interoperability identifier from the information of the first model training function network element based on the analysis identifier. The first interoperability identifier includes a list of vendor identifiers, and then the network storage function network element determines one or more second analysis function network elements based on the list of vendor identifiers included in the first interoperability identifier, where the identifier of the vendor of the second analysis function network element belongs to the list of vendor identifiers included in the first interoperability identifier.

[0436] Step 1020: The network storage function network element sends information of one or more second analysis function network elements to the first network element. Correspondingly, the first network element receives information of one or more second analysis function network elements from the network storage function network element.

[0437] Using the above method, the first network element carries the identifier and analysis identifier of the first model training function network element in the first network element discovery message, and then the network storage function network element can determine the candidate analysis function network element (i.e., one or more second analysis function network elements) based on the first network element discovery message, and send the information of the candidate analysis function network element to the first network element. The first network element determines the target analysis function network element based on the information of the candidate analysis function network element. The target analysis function network element can better provide services for the service consumption network element and ensure the continuity of the service.

[0438] Exemplarily, the first network element may be a first analysis function network element (or source analysis function network element) or a service consumption network element. This is described below in conjunction with the embodiment shown in FIG11. In the following, the analysis function network element is AnLF, the model training function network element is MTLF, and the network storage function network element is NRF as an example for explanation.

[0439] As shown in FIG11 , if the first network element is the first AnLF, the process of the first AnLF determining the target AnLF is as follows:

[0440] Steps 1101 to 1104 may refer to the above-mentioned steps 301 to 304 .

[0441] Step 1105: The first MTLF sends the first model information and the first instruction information to the first AnLF.

[0442] Exemplarily, the first MTLF sends a model provision notification message to the first AnLF. The model provision notification message includes information about the first model and first indication information. The first model is used to provide a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes information about the MTLF that provided the first model information. If the first model was trained by the first MTLF, the first indication information includes the identifier of the first MTLF. If the first model was trained by the second MTLF, the first indication information includes the identifier of the second MTLF. The following description assumes that the first indication information includes the identifier of the first MTLF only for the purpose of illustration.

[0443] It is understandable that the first MTLF sends information about at least one model to the first AnLF. The at least one model may include a model trained by the first MTLT or a model trained by another MTLT. The number of models trained by the first MTLT may be one or more, and the number of models trained by another MTLF may also be one or more.

[0444] In one example, the first MTLF sends information about the second model and second indication information to the first AnLF. The second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier. The second indication information includes the identifier of the MTLF that provides information about the second model. If the second model is trained by the second MTLF, the second indication information includes the identifier of the second MTLF.

[0445] In Example 1, the first MTLF sends the identifier of model 1 and instruction information 1, the identifier of model 2 and instruction information 2, and the identifier of model 3 and instruction information 3 to the first AnLF. Instruction information 1, instruction information 2, and instruction information 3 all include the identifier of MTLF 1. In other words, MTLF 1 trains models 1, 2, and 3.

[0446] In Example 2, the first MTLF sends the identifier of Model 1 and Instruction Message 1, the identifier of Model 2 and Instruction Message 2, and the identifier of Model 3 and Instruction Message 3 to the first AnLF. Instruction Message 1 and Instruction Message 2 both include the identifier of MTLF 1, and Instruction Message 3 includes the identifier of MTLF 2. That is, MTLF 1 trains Models 1 and 2, and MTLF 2 trains Model 3.

[0447] In another example, the first model is a model jointly trained by multiple MTLFs, and the first indication information includes at least one in the MTLF identification list that jointly trains the model.

[0448] For example, the first indication information includes a list of MTLF identifiers used to jointly train the model, or some of the MTLF identifiers in the list of MTLF identifiers.

[0449] Step 1106: The first AnLF uses the first model to provide the service consuming network element with the service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0450] Exemplarily, the first AnLF obtains the first model according to the information of the first model, and uses the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element.

[0451] It is understandable that if the first AnLF obtains information of multiple models, it can select at least one model from the multiple models based on the information of the multiple models to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element. This application does not limit the specific method of the first AnLF selecting the model.

[0452] In addition, the first AnLF may also send a first message to the service consuming network element. The first message may be an analysis subscription response and / or an analysis subscription notification.

[0453] Step 1107: The first AnLF determines that a target AnLF needs to be selected.

[0454] Step 1108: The first AnLF sends the NF discovery message 2 to the NRF. Step 1108 corresponds to the above step 1000.

[0455] The NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the first MTLF and the analysis identifier. The NF discovery message 2 is used to discover the AnLF, or to discover the NWDAF included in the AnLF.

[0456] It can be understood that if the first AnLF uses the first model to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, the NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the MTLF that trained the first model. If the first AnLF also uses other models to provide services corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consumption network element, and the model is not trained by the same MTLF as the first model, the NF discovery message 2 also includes the identifier of the trained other MTLF.

[0457] Exemplarily, if the first AnLF also uses the second model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier for the service consuming network element, and the second model and the first model are not trained by the same MTLF, the NF discovery message 2 includes the identifier of the MTLF that trained the second model.

[0458] Step 1109: The NRF determines one or more second AnLFs according to the NF discovery message 2. Step 1109 corresponds to the above step 1010.

[0459] For example, the NRF may determine one or more second AnLFs based on the NF discovery message 2. The manufacturer identifier of the second AnLF belongs to the manufacturer identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier. The first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first MTLF, or the interoperability identifier of the first MTLF.

[0460] In addition, if the NF discovery message 2 also includes the identifier of another MTLF, such as the identifier of a second MTLF, then the identifier of the manufacturer of the second AnLF belongs to the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the second interoperability identifier. The second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second MTLF, or the interoperability identifier of the second MTLF. That is, the identifier of the manufacturer of the second AnLF belongs to the intersection of the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the first interoperability identifier and the list of manufacturer identifiers included in the second interoperability identifier.

[0461] That is, if the NF finds that the request message 2 includes x MTLF identifiers, the NRF determines that the AnLF vendor identifier belongs to the intersection of the vendor identifier lists included in the x interoperability identifiers, where x is a positive integer. The x interoperability identifiers correspond one-to-one to the x MTLFs.

[0462] Step 1110: The NRF sends an NF discovery response message 2 to the first AnLF. Step 1110 corresponds to the above step 1020.

[0463] Exemplarily, the NF discovery response message 2 includes information of one or more second AnLFs.

[0464] Step 1111: The first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF, wherein the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0465] Exemplarily, the first AnLF determines the target AnLF according to the received NF discovery response message 2, and sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF. Step 1111 is described only by taking the target AnLF as the second AnLF as an example.

[0466] In one example, when the NF discovers that the response message 2 includes information of a second AnLF, the first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the second AnLF, and the second AnLF is the target AnLF.

[0467] In another example, when the NF discovers that the response message 2 includes information of multiple second AnLFs, the first AnLF sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target AnLF, where the target AnLF is one of the multiple second AnLFs. This application does not limit the specific method by which the first AnLF determines the target AnLF from the multiple second AnLFs.

[0468] Using the method shown in Figure 11 above, the first AnLF uses the first model trained by the first MTLF to provide services to the service consumption network element. When the first AnLF determines the target AnLF, the first AnLF can determine the target AnLF that can use the model trained by the first MTLF through NRF, so that after analyzing the subscription transfer, the target AnLF can use the model trained by the first MTLF.

[0469] In addition, similar to the first AnLF determining the target AnLF, when the service consumption network element determines the target AnLF, the service consumption network element can determine the target AnLF that can use the model trained by the first MTLF through NRF, so that after the service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target AnLF, the target AnLF can use the model trained by the first MTLF.

[0470] It should be noted that in the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0471] It is understandable that in order to implement the functions in the above embodiments, the first network element, the first model training function network element, and the network storage function network element include hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. It should be easy for those skilled in the art to realize that, in combination with the units and method steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed in this application, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0472] Figures 12 and 13 are schematic diagrams of possible communication devices provided in embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the first network element, the first model training function network element, and the network storage function network element in the above method embodiment, thereby also achieving the beneficial effects of the above method embodiment.

[0473] As shown in Figure 12, the communication device 1200 includes a processing unit 1210 and a transceiver unit 1220. The communication device 1200 is used to implement the functions of the first network element, the first model training function network element, and the network storage function network element in the above method embodiment.

[0474] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the first model training function network element in the above method embodiment:

[0475] The processing unit 1210 calls the transceiver unit 1220 to receive a model request message from the first analysis function network element, where the model request message includes an analysis identifier, and the model request message is used to request a model that provides a service corresponding to the analysis identifier; and sends information about the first model and first indication information to the first analysis function network element, where the first indication information includes at least one of an identifier of the model training function network element that provides information about the first model, an identifier of the first manufacturer, or a first interoperability identifier, where the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the first model, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0476] In one possible design, the first model is trained by the first model training function network element; the identifier of the model training function network element that provides information of the first model is the identifier of the first model training function network element; the identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the first model training function network element; and the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element.

[0477] In one possible design, the first model is trained by the second model training function network element; the identifier of the network element that provides information of the first model is the identifier of the second model training function network element; the identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the second model training function network element; and the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element.

[0478] In one possible design, the transceiver unit 1220 is used to send information of the second model and second indication information to the first analysis function network element, where the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes at least one of the identifier of the model training function network element that provides information of the second model, the identifier of the second manufacturer, or the second interoperability identifier, where the identifier of the second manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the second model, and the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0479] In one possible design, the model training function network element that provides information of the second model is different from the model training function network element that provides information of the first model; the identifier of the first manufacturer is different from the identifier of the second manufacturer; and the second interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the model training function network element that provides information of the second model.

[0480] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the first network element in the above method embodiment:

[0481] The processing unit 1210 calls the transceiver unit 1220 to execute: sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, the network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; receiving information from one or more analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element; wherein the manufacturer identifier of the analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list.

[0482] In one possible design, the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to retrieve or use models provided by the model training function network element.

[0483] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0484] In one possible design, after receiving information from one or more analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the processing unit 1210 is used to select a target function network element, the manufacturer identifier of the target function network element is one of the first manufacturer identifier list, and the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more analysis function network elements.

[0485] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; the transceiver unit 1220 is used to send an analysis subscription transfer message to the target analysis function network element, and the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

[0486] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; the transceiver unit 1220 is used to send a fourth network element discovery message to the network storage function network element before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the fourth network element discovery message is used to discover the model training function network element, and the fourth network element discovery message includes an analysis identifier; receive information about the first model training function network element from the network storage function network element, the information of the first model training function network element includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0487] In one possible design, the first network element is a first analysis function network element; the transceiver unit 1220 is used to send a model request message to the first model training function network element before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, and the model request message includes an analysis identifier; receive information about the first model and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0488] In one possible design, before sending a model request message to the first model training functional network element, the transceiver unit 1220 is used to receive a first analysis subscription message from the service consumption network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; after receiving the first model information and first indication information from the first model training functional network element, the processing unit 1210 is used to use the first model to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

[0489] In one possible design, the transceiver unit 1220 is used to receive information of a second model and second indication information before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

[0490] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element; the transceiver unit 1220 is used to send a second analysis subscription message to the target analysis function network element, and the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

[0491] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element;

[0492] The transceiver unit 1220 is used to send a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element before sending a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, and the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier; receive a first message from the first analysis function network element, the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, the first message includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

[0493] In one possible design, the first message also includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

[0494] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes the second interoperability identifier; the identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one of the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0495] When the communication device 1200 is used to implement the function of the network storage function network element in the above method embodiment:

[0496] The transceiver unit 1220 is configured to receive a network element discovery message from a first network element, wherein the network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier includes a first vendor identifier list;

[0497] The processing unit 1210 is configured to determine one or more analysis function network elements according to the first interoperability identifier, wherein the identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list;

[0498] The transceiver unit 1220 is used to send the information of the one or more analysis function network elements to the first network element.

[0499] In one possible design, the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to retrieve or use models provided by the model training function network element.

[0500] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

[0501] In one possible design, the first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

[0502] In one possible design, the network element discovery message also includes the second interoperability identifier, which includes a second manufacturer identifier list; the identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one of the second manufacturer identifier list.

[0503] A more detailed description of the processing unit 1210 and the transceiver unit 1220 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant description in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0504] As shown in Figure 13, communication device 1300 includes a processor 1310 and an interface circuit 1320. Processor 1310 and interface circuit 1320 are coupled to each other. It is understood that interface circuit 1320 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, communication device 1300 may also include a memory 1330 for storing instructions executed by processor 1310, input data required by processor 1310 to execute instructions, or data generated by processor 1310 after executing instructions.

[0505] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the method shown in FIG. 5 , the processor 1310 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 1210 , and the interface circuit 1320 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 1220 .

[0506] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0507] The present application provides another example of a device, which includes at least one processor and at least one memory, the at least one processor and the at least one memory being coupled together, the at least one memory being used to store instructions. When the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the communication device executes the method in the above-described embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG13 , a communication device 1300 includes a processor 1310 and a memory 1330. The processor 1310 and the memory 1330 are coupled together, and the memory 1330 stores instructions. When the instructions stored in the memory 1330 are executed by the processor 1310, the communication device 1300 executes the method executed by each network element in the above-described embodiment.

[0508] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions that can be executed by a processor. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in the above-mentioned network element. The processor and the storage medium can also exist in the above-mentioned network element as discrete components.

[0509] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are performed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; or a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

[0510] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the text description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship; in the formula of this application, the character " / " indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in a "division" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

[0511] It is understood that the various numbers used in the embodiments of this application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not necessarily imply a specific order of execution; the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and inherent logic.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The first model training function network element receives a model request message from the first analysis function network element, wherein the model request message includes an analysis identifier, and the model request message is used to request a model of a service corresponding to the analysis identifier; The first model training function network element sends information of the first model and first indication information to the first analysis function network element, the first indication information includes at least one of an identifier of the model training function network element that provides information of the first model, an identifier of the first manufacturer, or a first interoperability identifier, the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the first model, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first model is trained by the first model training function network element; The identifier of the model training function network element that provides the information of the first model is the identifier of the first model training function network element; The identifier of the first manufacturer is an identifier of a manufacturer of the first model training function network element; The first interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first model is trained by the second model training function network element; The identifier of the network element providing the information of the first model is the identifier of the second model training function network element; The identifier of the first manufacturer is the identifier of the manufacturer of the second model training function network element; The first interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: The first model training function network element sends information of a second model and second indication information to the first analysis function network element, where the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes at least one of the identifier of the model training function network element that provides information of the second model, the identifier of the second manufacturer, or a second interoperability identifier, where the identifier of the second manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the second model, and the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The model training function network element that provides information about the second model is different from the model training function network element that provides information about the first model; The identifier of the first manufacturer is different from the identifier of the second manufacturer; The second interoperability identifier is an interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the model training function network element that provides information of the second model.

6. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The first network element sends a network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the network element discovery message includes a first manufacturer identifier list; The first network element receives information from one or more analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element; wherein the manufacturer identifier of the analysis function network element is one of the first manufacturer identifier list.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to retrieve or use models provided by the model training function network element.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that The network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: After the first network element receives information from one or more analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the method further includes: The first network element selects a target functional network element, and the target analysis functional network element is one of the one or more analysis functional network elements.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The first network element is a first analysis function network element, and the method further includes: An analysis subscription transfer message is sent to the target analysis function network element, wherein the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

11. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that: The network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

12. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that: The first network element is a first analysis function network element; Before sending the network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the method further includes: Sending a network element discovery message for discovering a model training function network element to the network storage function network element, wherein the network element discovery message for discovering a model training function network element includes an analysis identifier; receiving information from a first model training function network element of the network storage function network element, the information of the first model training function network element The information includes the first interoperability identifier, the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

13. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that: The first network element is a first analysis function network element; Before sending the network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the method further includes: Sending a model request message to the first model training function network element, wherein the model request message includes an analysis identifier; Receive first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the first indication information includes the first interoperability identifier, the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that Before sending the model request message to the first model training function network element, the method further includes: receiving a first analysis subscription message from a service consumption network element, wherein the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; After receiving the first model information and the first indication information from the first model training function network element, the method further includes: The first model is used to provide the service consuming network element with the service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that Before sending the network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the method further includes: Receive information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the second indication information includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

16. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The first network element is a service consumption network element, and the method further includes: A second analysis subscription message is sent to the target analysis function network element, where the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

17. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 or 16, characterized in that: The first network element is a service consumption network element; Before sending the network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the method further includes: Sending a first analysis subscription message to a first analysis function network element, wherein the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier; Receive a first message from the first analysis function network element, where the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes a first interoperability identifier, which corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The first message further includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list.

19. The method according to claim 15 or 18, characterized in that The network element discovery message further includes the second interoperability identifier; The identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one of the second manufacturer identifier list.

20. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The network storage function network element receives a network element discovery message from the first network element, where the network element discovery message includes a first manufacturer identifier list; The network storage function network element determines one or more analysis function network elements according to the first manufacturer identification list, wherein the identification of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one in the first manufacturer identification list; The network storage function network element sends the information of the one or more analysis function network elements to the first network element.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein: The network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier includes the first manufacturer identifier list.

22. The method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that The manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to obtain models from the model training function network element, or the manufacturers in the first manufacturer identification list are allowed to retrieve or use models provided by the model training function network element.

23. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that: The network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier.

24. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that The first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

25. The method according to any one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that The network element discovery message further includes the second interoperability identifier, where the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list; The identifier of the manufacturer of the analysis function network element is one of the second manufacturer identifier list.

26. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The first network element sends a first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the first network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the first network element discovery message includes an identifier of the first model training function network element and an analysis identifier; The first network element receives information from one or more second analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, wherein the manufacturer's identifier of the second analysis function network element is one of the manufacturer identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier; and the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein: After the first network element receives information from one or more second analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the method further includes: The first network element selects a target functional network element, and the target analysis functional network element is one of the one or more second analysis functional network elements.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein: The first network element is a first analysis function network element; the method further includes: The first analysis function network element sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target analysis function network element, and the analysis subscription transfer message includes the analysis identifier.

29. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that The first network element is a first analysis function network element; the method further includes: Before sending the first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, wherein the model request message includes the analysis identifier; Receive information about a first model and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the first model is trained by the first model training function network element, and the first indication information includes the identifier of the first model training function network element.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein: Before sending the model request message to the first model training function network element, the method further includes: The first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from a service consumption network element, wherein the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; After receiving the information of the first model and the first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

31. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 30, characterized in that Before sending the first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the method further includes: Receive information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, the second model is trained by the second model training function network element, and the second indication information includes the identifier of the second model training function network element.

32. The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that The first network element is a service consumption network element; the method further includes: The service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target analysis function network element, where the second analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier.

33. The method according to any one of claims 26 to 27 and 32, characterized in that: The first network element is a service consumption network element; the method further includes: Before sending the first network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; Receive a first message from the first analysis function network element, where the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes an identifier of the first model training function network element.

34. The method of claim 33, wherein: The first message also includes an identifier of a second model training function network element.

35. The method according to claim 31 or 34, characterized in that The first network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second model training function network element; the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is also one of the manufacturer identifiers in the list included in the second interoperability identifier; the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element.

36. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The network storage function network element receives a first network element discovery message from the first network element, where the first network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the first network element discovery message includes an identifier of the first model training function network element and an analysis identifier; The network storage function network element determines one or more first model training function network elements according to the identifier of the first model training function network element and the analysis identifier. A second analysis function network element, wherein the manufacturer's identifier of the second analysis function network element is one of the manufacturer identifiers in the list of the first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the first model training function network element; The network storage function network element sends the information of the one or more second analysis function network elements to the first network element.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein: The first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

38. The method according to claim 36 or 37, characterized in that The first network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second model training function network element; the manufacturer identifier of the second analysis function network element is also one of the manufacturer identifiers in the list included in the second interoperability identifier; the second interoperability identifier is the interoperability identifier corresponding to the analysis identifier of the second model training function network element.

39. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The first network element sends a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the third network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the third network element discovery message includes an identifier of the first manufacturer; The first network element receives information of one or more fourth analysis function network elements from the network storage function network element, wherein the fourth analysis function network element supports models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is one of the manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list.

40. The method of claim 39, wherein: The third network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, the fourth analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

41. The method according to claim 39 or 40, characterized in that The first network element is a first analysis function network element; the method further includes: After receiving information from one or more fourth analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element selects a target analysis function network element; the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more fourth analysis function network elements; An analysis subscription transfer message is sent to the target analysis function network element, wherein the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

42. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 41, characterized in that The first network element is a first analysis function network element; the method further includes: Before sending the third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, wherein the model request message includes an analysis identifier; Receive first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the identifier of the first manufacturer, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element providing the first model.

43. The method of claim 42, wherein: Before sending the model request message to the first model training function network element, the method further includes: The first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from a service consumption network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; After receiving the information of the first model and the first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

44. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 43, characterized in that The method further comprises: Before sending a third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element receives information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes an identifier of a second manufacturer, and the identifier of the second manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element providing the second model.

45. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 44, characterized in that The method further comprises: A registration message is sent to the network storage function network element, where the registration message includes a first operation identifier of the first analysis function network element.

46. ​​The method of claim 39 or 40, wherein: The first network element is a service consumption network element; the method further includes: After receiving information from one or more fourth analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element selects a target analysis function network element; the target analysis function network element is one of the one or more fourth analysis function network elements; A second analysis subscription message is sent to the target analysis function network element, where the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier.

47. The method according to any one of claims 39 to 40 and 46, characterized in that: The first network element is a service consumption network element; the method further includes: Before sending the third network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; Receive a first message from the first analysis function network element, where the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes an identifier of the first manufacturer.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein: The first message also includes an identifier of the second manufacturer.

49. The method according to claim 44 or 48, characterized in that The third network element discovery message also includes the identifier of the second manufacturer; the identifier of the second manufacturer is another one in the manufacturer identifier list.

50. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The network storage function network element receives a third network element discovery message from the first network element, where the third network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, and the third network element discovery message includes an identifier of the first manufacturer; The network storage function network element determines one or more fourth analysis function network elements based on the identifier of the first manufacturer, wherein the fourth analysis function network element supports models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identifier list included in the first operation identifier, and the identifier of the first manufacturer is one in the manufacturer identifier list; the network storage function network element sends information of the one or more fourth analysis function network elements to the first network element.

51. The method of claim 50, wherein: The third network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

52. The method of claim 50 or 51, wherein: The first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

53. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 52, characterized in that The third network element discovery message also includes an identifier of a second manufacturer; the identifier of the second manufacturer is another one in the manufacturer identifier list.

54. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 53, characterized in that The method further comprises: Before the network storage function network element receives the third network element discovery message from the first network element, the network storage function network element receives a registration message from the fourth analysis function network element, where the registration message includes the first operation identifier.

55. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The first network element sends a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the second network element discovery message is used to discover the analysis function network element, where the second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier, and where the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; The first network element receives information from one or more third analysis function network elements of the network storage function network element; the third analysis function network element supports models of manufacturers in the manufacturer identification list included in the first operation identifier, and the manufacturer identification list included in the first operation identifier includes the first manufacturer identification list.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein: The second network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, the third analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

57. The method of claim 55 or 56, wherein: The method further comprises: The first network element selects a target functional network element, the manufacturer's identifier of the target functional network element is one in the first manufacturer identifier list, and the target analysis functional network element is one of the one or more third analysis functional network elements.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein: The first network element is a first analysis function network element; the method further includes: The first analysis function network element sends an analysis subscription transfer message to the target analysis function network element, where the analysis subscription transfer message includes an analysis identifier.

59. The method of claim 58, wherein: Before sending the second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the method further includes: The first analysis function network element sends a fourth network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, where the fourth network element discovery message is used to discover a model training function network element, and the fourth network element discovery message includes an analysis identifier; Receive information of the first model training function network element from the network storage function network element, where the information of the first model training function network element includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

60. The method according to any one of claims 55 to 59, characterized in that The first network element is a first analysis function network element; the method further includes: Before sending the second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element sends a model request message to the first model training function network element, wherein the model request message includes an analysis identifier; Receive first model information and first indication information from the first model training function network element, wherein the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first indication information includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

61. The method of claim 60, wherein: Before sending the model request message to the first model training function network element, the method further includes: The first analysis function network element receives a first analysis subscription message from a service consumption network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes the analysis identifier; After receiving the information of the first model and the first indication information from the first model training function network element, the first model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier to the service consumption network element.

62. The method according to any one of claims 55 to 61, characterized in that The method further comprises: Before sending a second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the first analysis function network element receives information of a second model and second indication information, wherein the second model is used to provide the service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the second indication information includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second manufacturer identifier list.

63. The method according to any one of claims 55 to 62, characterized in that The method further comprises: The first analysis function network element sends a registration message to the network storage function network element, and the registration message includes a first operation identifier of the first analysis function network element.

64. The method of claim 55 or 56, wherein: The first network element is a service consumption network element; the method further includes: The service consumption network element sends a second analysis subscription message to the target analysis function network element, the second analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier, and the information of the third analysis function network element includes the information of the target analysis function network element.

65. The method of claim 54 or 56, wherein: The first network element is a service consumption network element; the method further includes: Before sending the second network element discovery message to the network storage function network element, the service consumption network element sends a first analysis subscription message to the first analysis function network element, where the first analysis subscription message includes an analysis identifier; A first message is received from the first analysis function network element, where the first message is an analysis subscription response or an analysis subscription notification, and the first message includes the first interoperability identifier, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

66. The method of claim 65, wherein: The first message further includes a second interoperability identifier, the second interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list.

67. The method of claim 62 or 65, wherein: The second network element discovery message also includes the second interoperation identifier; the vendor identifier list included in the first operation identifier also includes the second vendor identifier list.

68. A communication method, characterized in that: The method includes: The network storage function network element receives a second network element discovery message from the first network element, where the second network element discovery message includes a first interoperability identifier; the first interoperability identifier includes a first manufacturer identifier list; The network storage function network element determines one or more third analysis function network elements according to the first interoperability identifier, wherein the identifier of the manufacturer of the third analysis function network element is one of the first manufacturer identifier list; The network storage function network element sends the information of the one or more third analysis function network elements to the first network element.

69. The method of claim 68, wherein: The second network element discovery message also includes an analysis identifier, the third analysis function network element supports providing a service corresponding to the analysis identifier, and the first operation identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

70. The method of claim 68 or 69, wherein: The first network element is a service consumption network element or a first analysis function network element.

71. The method according to any one of claims 68 to 70, characterized in that Before the network storage function network element receives the second network element discovery message from the first network element, the method further includes: The network storage function network element receives a registration message from the third analysis function network element, where the registration message includes a first operation identifier of the third analysis function network element.

72. The method according to any one of claims 68 to 71, characterized in that The second network element discovery message further includes the second interoperability identifier, and the second interoperability identifier includes a second vendor identifier list; the vendor identifier list included in the first interoperability identifier also includes the second vendor identifier list.

73. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising a unit or module for executing the method as described in any one of claims 1-72.

74. A communication device, characterized in that: include: One or more processors; the one or more processors are configured to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1-72.

75. A readable storage medium, characterized in that The readable storage medium includes a program, and when the program is executed on a device, the device is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 72.

76. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed by a communication device, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 72 is implemented.

77. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes a first network element and a network storage function network element; The first network element is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 6 to 19, or the method according to any one of claims 26 to 35, or the method according to any one of claims 39 to 49, or the method according to any one of claims 55 to 67; The network storage function network element is used to execute the method as described in any one of claims 20-25, the method as described in any one of claims 36-38, the method as described in any one of claims 50-54, or the method as described in any one of claims 68-72.

78. A communication system, characterized in that: The communication system includes a first analysis function network element and a first model training function network element; The first model training function network element is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The first analysis function network element is used to send a model request message, the model request message includes an analysis identifier, and the model request message is used to request a model that provides a service corresponding to the analysis identifier; and is used to receive information about a first model and first indication information, the first indication information includes at least one of an identifier of a model training function network element that provides information about the first model, an identifier of a first manufacturer, or a first interoperability identifier, the identifier of the first manufacturer is used to indicate the manufacturer of the network element that provides the first model, and the first interoperability identifier corresponds to the analysis identifier.

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