Dual-mode w-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning

Abstract

Disclosed is a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning, comprising two cross-coupled pairs of MOS transistors, a dual-mode six-coil transformer, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor, and two pairs of output buffer stage MOS transistors. Changes in the equivalent inductance value of a resonant cavity is achieved by controlling a fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 and a fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2. The fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 is open at a high frequency band having smaller inductance and is closed at a low frequency band having larger inductance. For fine frequency tuning without a varactor, changing the grid voltage of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 changes the resistance thereof, thus achieving fine tuning of the equivalent inductance. In the invention a dual-mode six-coil transformer is used in place of a single-mode three-coil transformer to achieve a four-band W-band voltage-controlled oscillator. The present invention has a higher resonant cavity Q value, can achieve good phase noise, and provides a high-quality local oscillator signal source for a W-band signal transceiving front end.

Description

A dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of integrated circuits, and in particular relates to a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning. Background Art

[0002] The W-band frequency band, from 75 GHz to 110 GHz, has a wide range of applications, including communications, radar, radio astronomy, weather radar, medical imaging, and scientific research. With the continuous scaling of CMOS process nodes, it is now possible to implement voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) in this frequency band using CMOS technology. However, achieving VCOs with low phase noise, low power consumption, and a wide tuning range at such high frequencies remains challenging.

[0003] Traditional varactor tuning methods suffer from a sharp drop in quality factor (Q) as frequency increases, which causes the equivalent quality factor (Q) of the resonant cavity to decrease, ultimately compromising the phase noise performance of the entire voltage-controlled oscillator. Furthermore, considering parasitic effects within the W-band frequency range, the tuning range of the varactor is typically limited to less than 6%. This is far from sufficient for most applications, especially those that need to cope with process and temperature variations. Therefore, in the design of W-band voltage-controlled oscillator circuits, improving the quality factor (Q) of the resonant cavity, reducing phase noise, and achieving a wider frequency tuning range has become an extremely attractive challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0006] A dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning includes a cross-coupled MOS transistor pair M1, a cross-coupled MOS transistor pair M2, a cross-coupled MOS transistor pair M3, a cross-coupled MOS transistor pair M4, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2, a dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, a dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4, an output buffer stage MOS transistor M5, an output buffer stage MOS transistor M6, an output buffer stage MOS transistor M7, and an output buffer stage MOS transistor M8.

[0007] The sources of the cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2 are connected to the ground, the drains of the cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coupled resonant coil L1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the gate of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M2.

[0008] The gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS transistor M1, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to the output OUT1P; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS transistor M2, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to the output OUT1N;

[0009] The gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 is connected to the gate fine tuning control voltage VS1; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 is connected to the gate coarse tuning control voltage VS3;

[0010] The sources of the cross-coupling MOS transistors M3 and M4 are connected to the ground, the drains of the cross-coupling MOS transistors M3 and M4 are connected to the two ends of the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2, and the gate of the cross-coupling MOS transistor M3 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling MOS transistor M4.

[0011] The gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS transistor M3, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the output OUT2P; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS transistor M4, the source of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the output OUT2N;

[0012] The gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 is connected to the gate fine tuning control voltage VS2; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 is connected to the gate coarse tuning control voltage VS4.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 is set in the innermost circle, and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2 is set in the outermost circle. The dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2 are sequentially arranged with the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2, thereby forming a dual-mode six-coil transformer.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer and the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer are configured as shielding coils.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2 all use a top layer of thick metal.

[0016] In the above technical solution, when the dual-mode six-coil transformer is in high-frequency mode, the dual-mode six-coil transformer is used to couple the resonant coil L1 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3 is configured to be open, and the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4 is configured to be closed.

[0017] In the above technical solution, when the dual-mode six-coil transformer is in low-frequency mode, the dual-mode six-coil transformer is used to couple the resonant coil L2 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3 is configured to be closed, and the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4 is configured to be open.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the dual-mode six-coil transformer generates a four-band W-band signal.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] (1) Compared with the traditional varactor tuning method, the dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning provided by the present invention effectively solves the problem that the quality factor (Q) of the varactor decreases sharply with increasing frequency, while reducing the parasitic capacitance inside the resonant cavity. This enables the varactor-free W-band oscillator to achieve low phase noise and a wide frequency tuning range, providing a reliable local oscillator signal source for the generation of W-band frequencies.

[0021] (2) Compared with a three-coil single-mode transformer, the present invention adopts a six-coil dual-mode transformer, which enables it to generate an ultra-wideband four-band W-band signal, not only doubling the frequency tuning range, but also bringing a wider tuning range and more excellent phase noise performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG1 is a circuit diagram of a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to the present invention;

[0023] FIG2 is a layout diagram of the dual-mode six-coil transformer of the present invention;

[0024] FIG3 is a transient waveform diagram of the voltage-controlled oscillator under different gate voltages according to the present invention;

[0025] FIG4 is a diagram showing the relationship between different sideband frequencies and gate voltages selected by the voltage-controlled oscillator according to the present invention;

[0026] FIG5 is a diagram showing phase noise characteristics of the voltage-controlled oscillator under different gate voltages according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a circuit diagram of a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The voltage-controlled oscillator includes two pairs of cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2, M3 and M4, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coils L1 and L2, a dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coils Lsw1 and Lsw2, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4, tuning switch fine tuning MOS transistors Msw1 and Msw2, tuning switch coarse tuning MOS transistors Msw3 and Msw4, and two pairs of output buffer stage MOS transistors M5 and M6, and M7 and M8.

[0029] The sources of the first pair of cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2 are connected to ground, the gate of M1 is connected to the drain of M2, the drain of M2 is connected to the gate of M1, and the drains of M1 and M2 are connected to the two ends of the coupled resonant coil L1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M5 is connected to the drain of M1, the source of M5 is connected to the ground, and the drain of M5 is connected to the output OUT1P; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M6 is connected to the drain of M2, the source of M6 is connected to the ground, and the drain of M6 is connected to the output OUT1N; the gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of Msw1 is connected to the gate fine tuning control voltage VS1; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of Msw3 is connected to the gate coarse tuning control voltage VS3.

[0030] The sources of the second pair of cross-coupled MOS transistors M3 and M4 are connected to ground, the gate of M3 is connected to the drain of M4, the drain of M4 is connected to the gate of M3, and the drains of M3 and M4 are connected to the two ends of the coupled resonant coil L2 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M7 is connected to the drain of M3, the source of M7 is connected to ground, and the drain of M7 is connected to the output OUT2P; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS transistor M8 is connected to the drain of M4, the source of M8 is connected to ground, and the drain of M8 is connected to the output OUT2N; the gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS transistor Msw2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of Msw2 is connected to the gate fine tuning control voltage VS2; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of Msw4 is connected to the gate coarse tuning control voltage VS4.

[0031] In this embodiment, two pairs of cross-coupled MOS transistors provide negative resistance to compensate for the loss of the resonant cavity. The generated parasitic capacitance and the equivalent inductance of the dual-mode six-coil transformer form a resonant cavity to generate an oscillating signal. When the tuning switch coarsely tunes the MOS transistors Msw3 and Msw4, the equivalent inductance is small, forming a high-frequency band. When the tuning switch is closed, the equivalent inductance is large, forming a low-frequency band. The gate voltage (VS1 and VS2) of the MOS transistors Msw1 and Msw2 is fine-tuned by the tuning switch to change their resistance (Rsw1 and Rsw2), thereby achieving fine tuning of the equivalent inductance.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a layout diagram of a dual-mode six-coil transformer provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: coupled resonant coils L1 and L2, fine tuning coils Lsw1 and Lsw2, and coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4. The coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are configured as shielding coils and placed in the middle of L1 and L2 to reduce the coupling coefficient between the resonant coils L1 and L2. At any time, only one of Lsw3 and Lsw4 can be used. The fine tuning coil Lsw1 is placed in the innermost circle to complete the fine tuning of the equivalent inductance L1eq through magnetic tuning with L1, and the fine tuning is The resonant coil Lsw2 is placed on the outermost coil, and fine tuning of the equivalent inductance L2eq is achieved through magnetic tuning with L2. All coils use a thick top metal to reduce losses. When simulating the dual-mode six-coil transformer at 100 GHz, the self-inductance values ​​of the coupled resonant coils L1 and L2 are 110 pH and 134 pH, respectively; the self-inductance values ​​of the fine tuning coils Lsw1 and Lsw2 are 72 pH and 183 pH, respectively; the self-inductance values ​​of the coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are 86 pH and 104 pH, respectively; and the coupling coefficient between the coupled resonant coils L1 and L2 is 0.32.

[0033] In this embodiment, the dual-mode six-coil transformer operates in high-frequency mode with only power supply VDD1 connected, using the coupled resonant coil L1 and fine tuning coil Lsw1. Coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are configured in the open and closed states, respectively. In low-frequency mode, only power supply VDD2 is connected, using the coupled resonant coil L2 and fine tuning coil Lsw2, with coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 in the closed and open states, respectively. To ensure stable dual-mode operation, coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 are configured as shielding coils to reduce the coupling coefficient between coupled resonant coils L1 and L2. At any given time, only one of the coarse tuning coils Lsw3 and Lsw4 is open.

[0034] The advantages of the single-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning of the present invention are further illustrated by simulation experiments below.

[0035] This example uses a 40nm CMOS process to fabricate a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator. This process has one poly layer and ten metal layers, with the transformer structure primarily implemented using M10-thick metal layers. The parameters of the transformer-magnetically tuned dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator in this example are shown in Table 1:

[0036] Table 1

[0037]

[0038] Please refer to Figure 3, which shows the transient waveforms of a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, when power supply VDD1 is connected in high-frequency mode, coupled resonant coil L1 is used, coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw3 is configured to be on, coarse tuning MOS transistor Msw4 is configured to be off, and fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 is configured to be off at different gate voltages. The simulated waveforms indicate that after oscillation is complete, the voltage-controlled oscillator's amplitude reaches 1.2V. As the gate voltage of fine tuning MOS transistor Msw1 gradually increases, the voltage-controlled oscillator's amplitude decreases slightly.

[0039] The truth table for selecting each sideband of the dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning in this embodiment is shown in Table 2:

[0040] Table 2

[0041]

[0042] Please refer to Figure 4, which shows the relationship between gate voltage and sideband frequencies for a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. By selecting the configurations shown in Table 2, four different output frequency sidebands can be obtained. Simulated output waveforms indicate that continuous output frequency adjustment is achieved by controlling the fine-tuning MOS transistors Msw1 (Msw2), while sideband adjustment of the output frequency is achieved by controlling the coarse-tuning switch MOS transistors Msw3 (Msw4). The output frequency range is 85-108 GHz, achieving a wideband frequency tuning range of 23.8%.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 5, which shows the phase noise characteristics of a dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning, provided by an embodiment of the present invention, using a high-frequency mode to connect power supply VDD1, using a coupled resonant coil L1, a coarse tuning MOS transistor (Msw3) configured as on, a coarse tuning MOS transistor (Msw4) configured as off, and a fine tuning MOS transistor (Msw1) at different gate voltages. The phase noise characteristics show that when the output frequency is around 100 GHz, the output phase noise of the voltage-controlled oscillator gradually increases from -107.36 dBc / Hz@10 MHz to -102.31 dBc / Hz@10 MHz as the gate voltage increases. This is because the quality factor (Q) of the dual-mode six-coil transformer gradually decreases as the gate voltage increases. At an output frequency of 100 GHz, the absence of a switched capacitor array and varactor for tuning achieves a wide frequency tuning range and good phase noise performance.

[0044] The embodiments described are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementations. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning, characterized in that: Including a cross-coupled MOS tube M1, a cross-coupled MOS tube M2, a cross-coupled MOS tube M3, a cross-coupled MOS tube M4, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2, a dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, a dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, a dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS tube Msw1, a tuning switch fine tuning MOS tube Msw2, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3, a tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4, an output buffer stage MOS tube M5, an output buffer stage MOS tube M6, an output buffer stage MOS tube M7 and an output buffer stage MOS tube M8; The sources of the cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2 are connected to the ground, the drains of the cross-coupled MOS transistors M1 and M2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupling resonant coil L1, and the gate of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M1 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M2; The gate of the output buffer stage MOS tube M5 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS tube M1, the source of the output buffer stage MOS tube M5 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS tube M5 is connected to the output OUT1P; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS tube M6 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS tube M2, the source of the output buffer stage MOS tube M6 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS tube M6 is connected to the output OUT1N; The gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS tube Msw1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw1 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the fine tuning MOS tube Msw1 is connected to the gate fine tuning control voltage VS1; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw3 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3 is connected to the gate coarse tuning control voltage VS3; The source electrodes of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M3 and the cross-coupled MOS transistor M4 are connected to the ground, the drain electrodes of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M3 and the cross-coupled MOS transistor M4 are connected to the two ends of the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupling resonant coil L2, and the gate electrode of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M3 is connected to the drain electrode of the cross-coupled MOS transistor M4; The gate of the output buffer stage MOS tube M7 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS tube M3, the source of the output buffer stage MOS tube M7 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS tube M7 is connected to the output OUT2P; the gate of the output buffer stage MOS tube M8 is connected to the drain of the cross-coupling pair MOS tube M4, the source of the output buffer stage MOS tube M8 is grounded, and the drain of the output buffer stage MOS tube M8 is connected to the output OUT2N; The gate and drain of the fine tuning MOS tube Msw2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the fine tuning coil Lsw2 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the fine tuning MOS tube Msw2 is connected to the gate fine tuning control voltage VS2; the gate and drain of the coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4 are respectively connected to the two ends of the coarse tuning coil Lsw4 of the dual-mode six-coil transformer, and the source of the coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4 is connected to the gate coarse tuning control voltage VS4.

2. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 is set in the innermost circle, and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2 is set in the outermost circle. The dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2 are arranged in sequence between the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, thereby forming a dual-mode six-coil transformer.

3. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4 are configured as shielding coils.

4. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L1, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw3, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coarse tuning coil Lsw4 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupled resonant coil L2 all use a top layer of thick metal.

5. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the dual-mode six-coil transformer is in high-frequency mode, the dual-mode six-coil transformer is used to couple the resonant coil L1 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw1, the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3 is configured to be open, and the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4 is configured to be closed.

6. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the dual-mode six-coil transformer is in low-frequency mode, the dual-mode six-coil transformer coupling resonant coil L2 and the dual-mode six-coil transformer fine tuning coil Lsw2 are used, the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw3 is configured to be closed, and the tuning switch coarse tuning MOS tube Msw4 is configured to be open.

7. The dual-mode W-band voltage-controlled oscillator based on transformer magnetic tuning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dual-mode six-coil transformer generates a quad-band W-band signal.

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