Detection and direction for contactless device interaction location using signal

Abstract

A method includes a user device, comprising a first near-field communication antenna and a first ultra-wideband antenna, detecting an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra-wideband antenna in an access device comprising a second near-field communication antenna. The user device, using the ultra-wideband signal, can determine a location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device. The user device can output instructions to move the user device in response to determining. The user device can communicate with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions.

Description

DETECTION AND DIRECTION FOR CONTACTLESS DEVICE INTERACTION LOCATION USING SIGNALBACKGROUND

[0001] User devices can utilize a near-field communication (NFC) contactless interface that is based on a radio frequency field with a carrier frequency of 13.56MHz. To achieve communication between a user device and an access device, a near-field communication antenna is included in both devices. Access devices can include location access terminals (e.g., a transit terminal), data access terminals (e.g., an information kiosk), or point of sale terminals. The near-field communication antennas in the interacting devices need to be as close as possible during an interaction such as a location access, data access, or payment transaction, for the successful exchange of data between the devices.

[0002] The locations of near-field communication antennas in different access devices may vary by the model and / or type of access device. The near-field communication antenna in an access device can correspond to a location where a user is prompted to tap their user device for the communication (also referred to as a landing plane). To achieve this, the user is informed that the access device is ready for payment and that the user is to present the user device at the proper location proximate to the access device. At this point the user is expected to position the user device as close to the landing plane as possible to achieve payment.

[0003] In some cases, the landing plane can be indicated by a logo that indicates a location where the user is to tap their user device. Even though this area is marked with a logo or is sometimes supported by illumination, it can be difficult for users to see and identify the landing plane due to the following reasons.

[0004] Stress and the pressure to rush when using the access device can negatively affect the user’s ability to quickly identify the landing plane, open their user device, navigate to the correct application on the user device, and position their user device proximate to the landing plane.

[0005] Also, sometimes the landing plane can be located far from the actual access device screen making it more difficult for the user to locate the landing plane. This is particularly problematic for some users that habitually tap their user device to the access device screen.

[0006] Further, most of the time, when the user brings the user device to the access device, the user device blocks the direct line of sight from the user to the landing plane, thus further making it difficult to tap their user device to the correct location.

[0007] Still further, there is no standard method of illuminating or visually marking the access device’s landing plane, thus making the landing plane more difficult for the user to recognize.

[0008] Embodiments of the disclosure address these problems and other problems individually and collectively.SUMMARY

[0009] One embodiment is related to a method comprising: detecting, by a user device comprising a first near-field communication antenna and a first ultra- wideband antenna, an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra-wideband antenna in an access device comprising a second near-field communication antenna; determining, by the user device and using the ultra-wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting, by the user device, instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating, by the user device with the access device, via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions.

[0010] Another embodiment is related to a user device comprising: a processor; a first near-field communication antenna coupled to the processor; a first ultra-wideband antenna coupled to the processor; and a computer-readable medium coupled to the processor, the computer-readable medium comprising code executable by the processor for implementing a method comprising: detecting an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra-wideband antenna in an access devicecomprising a second near-field communication antenna; determining, using the ultra- wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting, by the user device, instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating, by the user device with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions.

[0011] Another embodiment is related to a system comprising: a user device comprising: a first processor; a first near-field communication antenna coupled to the first processor; a first ultra-wideband antenna coupled to the first processor; and a computer-readable medium coupled to the first processor, the computer-readable medium comprising code executable by the first processor for implementing a method comprising: detecting an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra- wideband antenna in an access; determining, using the ultra-wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to a second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting, by the user device, instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating, by the user device with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near- field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions; and the access device comprising: a second processor; the second near-field communication antenna coupled to the second processor; and the second ultra-wideband antenna coupled to the second processor.

[0012] Further details regarding embodiments of the disclosure can be found in the Detailed Description and the Figures.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an interaction system according to embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of components of a user device according to embodiments.

[0015] FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of components of an access device according to embodiments.

[0016] FIG. 4A shows a three-dimensional coordinate system with vectors, and illustrates a method of determining relative locations according to embodiments.

[0017] FIG. 4B shows an illustration of an ultra-wideband antenna and a nearfield communication antenna in an access device according to embodiments.

[0018] FIG. 4C shows an illustration of an ultra-wideband antenna and a nearfield communication antenna in a user device according to embodiments.

[0019] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a detection and direction for contactless device interaction locations method according to embodiments.

[0020] FIG. 6 shows a user interface illustrating direction instructions according to embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Prior to discussing embodiments of the disclosure, some terms can be described in further detail.

[0022] A “user” may include an individual. In some embodiments, a user may be associated with one or more personal accounts and / or mobile devices. The user may also be referred to as a cardholder, account holder, or consumer in some embodiments.

[0023] A “user device” may be a device that is operated by a user. Examples of user devices may include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a server computer, a vehicle such as an automobile, a thin client device, a tablet PC, etc. Additionally, user devices may be any type of wearable technology device, such as a watch, earpiece, glasses, etc. The user device may include one or more processors capable of processing user input. The user device may also include one or more input sensors for receiving user input. As is known in the art, there are a variety of input sensors capable of detecting user input, such as accelerometers, cameras, microphones, etc. The user input obtained by the input sensors may be from avariety of data input types, including, but not limited to, audio data, visual data, or biometric data. The user device may comprise any electronic device that may be operated by a user, which may also provide remote communication capabilities to a network. Examples of remote communication capabilities include using a mobile phone (wireless) network, wireless data network (e.g., 3G, 4G or similar networks), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, or any other communication medium that may provide access to a network such as the Internet or a private network.

[0024] An “interaction” may include a reciprocal action or influence. An interaction can include a communication, contact, or exchange between parties, devices, and / or entities. Example interactions include a transaction between two parties and a data exchange between two devices. In some embodiments, an interaction can include a user requesting access to secure data, a secure webpage, a secure location, and the like. In other embodiments, an interaction can include a payment transaction in which two devices can interact to facilitate a payment.

[0025] “Interaction data” can include data related to and / or recorded during an interaction. In some embodiments, interaction data can be transaction data of the network data. Transaction data can comprise a plurality of data elements with data values.

[0026] An “access device” may be any suitable device that provides access to a remote system. An access device may also be used for communicating with a coordination computer, a communication network, or any other suitable system. An access device may generally be located in any suitable location, such as at the location of a merchant. An access device may be in any suitable form. Some examples of access devices include POS or point of sale devices (e.g., POS terminals), cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), personal computers (PCs), tablet PCs, hand-held specialized readers, set-top boxes, electronic cash registers (ECRs), vending machines, automated teller machines (ATMs), virtual cash registers (VCRs), kiosks, security systems, access systems, and the like.

[0027] An access device may use any suitable contact or contactless mode of operation to send or receive data from, or associated with, a user device such as a mobile communication or payment device. For example, access devices can have card readers that can include electrical contacts, radio frequency (RF) antennas,optical scanners, bar code readers, or magnetic stripe readers to interact with portable devices such as payment cards.

[0028] A “resource provider” may be an entity that can provide a resource such as goods, services, information, and / or access. Examples of resource providers includes merchants, data providers, transit agencies, governmental entities, venue and dwelling operators, etc.

[0029] An “authorization request message” may be an electronic message that requests authorization for an interaction. In some embodiments, it is sent to a transaction processing computer and / or an issuer of a payment card to request authorization for a transaction. An authorization request message according to some embodiments may comply with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 8583, which is a standard for systems that exchange electronic transaction information associated with a payment made by a user using a payment device or payment account. The authorization request message may include an issuer account identifier that may be associated with a payment device or payment account. An authorization request message may also comprise additional data elements corresponding to “identification information” including, by way of example only: a service code, a CW (card verification value), a dCVV (dynamic card verification value), a PAN (primary account number or “account number”), a payment token, a username, an expiration date, etc. An authorization request message may also comprise “transaction information,” such as any information associated with a current transaction, such as the transaction value, merchant identifier, merchant location, acquirer bank identification number (BIN), card acceptor ID, information identifying items being purchased, etc., as well as any other information that may be utilized in determining whether to identify and / or authorize a transaction.

[0030] An “authorization response message” may be a message that responds to an authorization request. In some cases, it may be an electronic message reply to an authorization request message generated by an issuing financial institution or a transaction processing computer. The authorization response message may include, by way of example only, one or more of the following status indicators: Approval -- transaction was approved; Decline -- transaction was not approved; or Call Center -- response pending more information,merchant must call the toll-free authorization phone number. The authorization response message may also include an authorization code, which may be a code that a credit card issuing bank returns in response to an authorization request message in an electronic message (either directly or through the transaction processing computer) to the merchant's access device (e.g., POS equipment) that indicates approval of the transaction. The code may serve as proof of authorization.

[0031] An “authorizing entity” may be an entity that authorizes a request. Examples of an authorizing entity may be an issuer, a governmental agency, a document repository, an access administrator, etc. An authorizing entity may operate an authorizing entity computer. An “issuer” may refer to a business entity (e.g., a bank) that issues and optionally maintains an account for a user. An issuer may also issue payment credentials stored on a user device, such as a cellular telephone, smart card, tablet, or laptop to the consumer, or in some embodiments, a portable device.

[0032] “Credentials” may comprise any evidence of authority, rights, or entitlement to privileges. For example, access credentials may comprise permissions to access certain tangible or intangible assets, such as a building or a file. Examples of credentials may include passwords, passcodes, or secret messages. In another example, payment credentials may include any suitable information associated with and / or identifying an account (e.g., a payment account and / or payment device associated with the account). Such information may be directly related to the account or may be derived from information related to the account. Examples of account information may include an “account identifier” such as a PAN (primary account number or “account number”), a token, a subtoken, a gift card number or code, a prepaid card number or code, a username, an expiration date, a CW (card verification value), a dCW (dynamic card verification value), a CW2 (card verification value 2), a CVC3 card verification value, etc. An example of a PAN is a 16-digit number, such as “4147 0900 0000 1234”. In some embodiments, credentials may be considered sensitive information.

[0033] An “antenna” can include a device used to transmit and / or receive signals. An antenna can be a rod, a wire, a chip, a chipset, etc. that is capable of receiving and / or transmitting radio signals. An antenna can be a near-fieldcommunication antenna, an ultra-wideband antenna, or any other suitable type of antenna.

[0034] A “near-field communication antenna” can include a device used to transmit and / or receive near-field communication based signals. A near-field communication antenna can be a chip or a chipset that enables short-range wireless communication between two devices. A near-field communication antenna can be a near-field communication reader chip (e.g., active component) or a near-field communication tag (e.g., passive component). A near-field communication antenna that is a near-field communication reader chip can provide power and can send near- field communication commands to a near-field communication tag. Near-field communication is based on inductive coupling between two antennas present on two devices (e.g., on a user device and on an access device). The two dvices can communicate in one or both directions, using a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band using the ISO / IEC 14443 air interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit / s.

[0035] An “ultra-wideband antenna” can include a device used to transmit and / or receive ultra-wideband based signals. An ultra-wideband antenna can be an antenna that enables short-range wireless communication between two devices. Ultra-wideband uses radio waves over a wide frequency bandwidth, with the term wideband being related to the 6-9GHz range of the spectrum. A first ultra-wideband antenna can form a direct connection with a second ultra-wideband antenna that consists of radio wave bursts being transmitted and received. The amount and time it takes for these pulses to travel between the devices is then translated into data. Ultra-wideband antennas can utilize various frequency bands including 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz, 3.1 GHz - 4.8 GHz, 6 GHz - 8.5 GHz, or 8.5 GHz - 9 GHz.

[0036] A “processor” may include a device that processes something. In some embodiments, a processor can include any suitable data computation device or devices. A processor may comprise one or more microprocessors working together to accomplish a desired function. The processor may include a CPU comprising at least one high-speed data processor adequate to execute program components for executing user and / or system -generated requests. The CPU may be a microprocessor such as AMD's Athlon, Duron and / or Opteron; IBM and / orMotorola's PowerPC; IBM's and Sony's Cell processor; Intel's Celeron, Itanium, Pentium, Xeon, and / or XScale; and / or the like processor(s).

[0037] A “memory” may be any suitable device or devices that can store electronic data. A suitable memory may comprise a non-transitory computer readable medium that stores instructions that can be executed by a processor to implement a desired method. Examples of memories may comprise one or more memory chips, disk drives, etc. Such memories may operate using any suitable electrical, optical, and / or magnetic mode of operation.

[0038] A “server computer” may include a powerful computer or cluster of computers. For example, the server computer can be a large mainframe, a minicomputer cluster, or a group of servers functioning as a unit. In one example, the server computer may be a database server coupled to a Web server. The server computer may comprise one or more computational apparatuses and may use any of a variety of computing structures, arrangements, and compilations for servicing the requests from one or more client computers.

[0039] Embodiments provide for a technical solution to the technical problem of ensuring that a user can properly interact their user device with an access device using an NFC communication channel, even when the landing plane in the access device is difficult to locate.

[0040] To solve such technical problems as well as make the process more effective and comfortable for users, embodiments provide for the use of ultra- wideband (UWB) antennas (e.g., according to IEEE 802.15.4z standards) in both the user device and the access device to facilitate location finding and distance measurement. Embodiments of the invention can measure distances, angles, and directions between the ultra-wideband antenna on the user device and the ultra- wideband antenna on the access device. In some embodiments, the ultra-wideband antenna on the access device can be in a location near or under the access device’s near-field communication antenna (e.g., at the landing plane).

[0041] In some embodiments, the user device can display information generated using data or signals derived from the ultra-wideband antenna on a screen of the user device. For example, the user device can display instructions tomove the user device to the user. The instructions can include indicators (e.g., arrows or circles), images, videos, augmented reality (AR) displays, etc.

[0042] As an example, a user device can comprise a first near-field communication antenna and a first ultra-wideband antenna. The user device can detect an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra-wideband antenna in an access device comprising a second near-field communication antenna. The user device can use the ultra-wideband signal to determine a location of the user device relative to a second near-field communication antenna on the access device. The user device can then output instructions to move the user device in response to determining the location. The user can move the user device according to the instructions. The user device can then communicate with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna.

[0043] FIG. 1 shows a system 100 according to embodiments of the disclosure. The system 100 comprises a user device 102, an access device 104, a resource provider computer 106, a transport computer 108, a network processing computer 110, and an authorizing entity computer. The user device 102 can be in operative communication with the access device 104, which can be in operative communication with the resource provider computer 106. The resource provider computer can be in operative communication with the transport computer 108. The transport computer 108 can be in operative communication with the network processing computer 110, which can be in operative communication with the authorizing entity computer 112.

[0044] For simplicity of illustration, a certain number of components are shown in FIG. 1 . It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may include more than one of each component. In addition, some embodiments of the invention may include fewer than or greater than all of the components shown in FIG. 1 .

[0045] Messages between the devices in the system 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 can be transmitted using a communications protocols such as, but not limited to, File Transfer Protocol (FTP); HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP); Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS), SSL, ISO (e.g., ISO 8583) and / or the like. The communications network include any one and / or the combination of the following: a direct interconnection; the Internet; a Local Area Network (LAN); a Metropolitan AreaNetwork (MAN); an Operating Missions as Nodes on the Internet (OMNI); a secured custom connection; a Wide Area Network (WAN); a wireless network (e.g., employing protocols such as, but not limited to a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), l-mode, and / or the like); and / or the like. The communications network can use any suitable communications protocol to generate one or more secure communication channels. A communications channel may, in some instances, comprise a secure communication channel, which may be established in any known manner, such as through the use of mutual authentication and a session key, and establishment of a Secure Socket Layer (SSL) session.

[0046] The user device 102 can include one or more computers, portable computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, mobile devices, cellular phones, wearable devices (e.g., watches, glasses, lenses, clothing, etc.), personal digital assistants (PDAs), Internet of Things (loT) devices, and / or the like. The user device 102 can initiate interactions (e.g., transactions) with resource provider computers and / or access devices. For example, the user device 102 can select one or more items for the interaction at a resource provider location (e.g., a grocery store).During checkout, the user can be instructed to tap (e.g., bring into near-field communication range) the user device 102 against the access device 104. The user device 102 can utilize an ultra-wideband antenna to aid the user in bringing the user device 102 to a correct location (e.g., a landing plane) on the access device 104 using direction instructions. Once in range, the user device 102 can communicate data, such as credentials, to the access device 104 for the interaction.

[0047] The access device 104 can include a device operated by a resource provider. The access device 104, for example, can include a mobile device, a POS terminal, a laptop, etc. The access device 104 can communicate with another device (e.g., a user device 102) to perform an interaction. During the interaction, the access device 104 can receive credentials from the user device and can provide interaction data to the resource provider computer 106 for authorization of the interaction. In some embodiments, the access device 104 can generate an authorization request message comprising at least the interaction data. The access device 104 can provide the authorization request message to the resource provider computer 106.

[0048] The resource provider computer 106 can include any suitable computational apparatus operated by a resource provider (e.g., a merchant). In some embodiments, the resource provider computer 106 may be configured to send data to the network processing computer 110 via the transport computer 108 as part of a payment authorization process for a transaction between the user (e.g., consumer) and the resource provider. The resource provider computer 106 may also be configured to generate authorization request messages for transactions between a resource provider and a user, and route the authorization request messages to the authorizing entity computer 112 for transaction processing.

[0049] The transport computer 108 can include a server computer. The transport computer 108 may be associated with an acquirer, which may be an entity (e.g., a commercial bank) that has a business relationship with a particular merchant or other entity. Some entities can perform both issuer and acquirer functions. Some embodiments may encompass such single entity issuer-acquirers.

[0050] The network processing computer 110 can include a server computer. The network processing computer 110 may be disposed between the transport computer 108 and the authorizing entity computer 112. The network processing computer 110 may include data processing subsystems, networks, and operations used to support and deliver authorization services, exception file services, and clearing and settlement services. For example, the network processing computer 110 may comprise a server coupled to a network interface (e.g., by an external communication interface), and databases of information. The network processing computer 110 may be in a transaction processing network. An exemplary transaction processing network may include VisaNet™. Transaction processing networks such as VisaNet™ are able to process credit card transactions, debit card transactions, and other types of commercial transactions. VisaNet™, in particular, includes a VIP system (Visa Integrated Payments system) which processes authorization requests and a Base II system which performs clearing and settlement services. The network processing computer 110 may use any suitable wired or wireless network, including the Internet.

[0051] The authorizing entity computer 112 can include a server computer operated by an authorizing entity. The authorizing entity computer 112 may beassociated with an authorizing entity, which may be an entity that authorizes a request. An example of an authorizing entity may be an issuer, which may typically refer to a business entity (e.g., a bank) that maintains an account for a user. An issuer may also issue and manage an account associated with the user device 102.

[0052] FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of user device 102 according to embodiments. The exemplary user device 102 may comprise a processor 204. The processor 204 may be coupled to a memory 202, a network interface 206, a computer readable medium 208, an ultra-wideband antenna 210, and a near field communication antenna 212. If the user device 102 is a mobile phone or tablet computer, the user device 102 may also have a long range antenna (not shown) coupled to the processor 204. The computer readable medium 208 can comprise an ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A and an interaction module 208B.

[0053] The memory 202 can be used to store data and code. For example, the memory 202 can store cryptographic keys, location information, credentials, tokens, etc. The memory 202 may be coupled to the processor 204 internally or externally (e.g., cloud based data storage), and may comprise any combination of volatile and / or non-volatile memory, such as RAM, DRAM, ROM, flash, or any other suitable memory device.

[0054] The computer readable medium 208 may comprise code, executable by the processor 204, for performing a method comprising: detecting, by a user device comprising a first near-field communication antenna and a first ultra-wideband antenna, an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra-wideband antenna in an access device comprising a second near-field communication antenna; determining, by the user device and using the ultra-wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting, by the user device, instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating, by the user device with the access device, via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions.

[0055] The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A may comprise code or software, executable by the processor 204, for processing ultra-wideband signals. The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with theprocessor 204, can receive ultra-wideband signals from the ultra-wideband antenna 210. The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can process the ultra-wideband signals to determine positional and distance related information.

[0056] The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can utilize one or more processing methods to determine the position and distance of the ultra-wideband signal’s originating position. Such processing methods include time-of-flight (ToF), time difference of arrival (TDoA) and two-way ranging (TWR). The large bandwidth and high frequency radio pulses used in ultra-wideband communication results in the ability to accurately determine the time of arrival of the ultra-wideband signal, thus allowing for centimeter-level accurate processing methods.

[0057] As an example, the ultra-wideband antenna 210 can receive an ultra- wideband signal from a remote ultra-wideband antenna. The ultra-wideband signal can include a timestamp that indicates a time t1 at which the ultra-wideband signal was transmitted. The ultra-wideband antenna 210 can record a time at which the ultra-wideband signal was received t2.

[0058] The ultra-wideband antenna 210 can provide the ultra-wideband signal to the ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A for signal processing. The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can evaluate the received ultra-wideband signal.

[0059] The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can determine a time-of-flight ToF of the ultra-wideband signal. The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can determine the difference between the time t1 and the time t2.For example, the ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can determine ToF = t2 - tl.

[0060] The ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can then determine the distance d based on the time-of-flight ToF and the speed of light c. The distance d can be equal to the time-of-flight ToF multiplied by the speed of light c. For example, the ultra-wideband signal processingmodule 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can determine the distance d as d = c * ToF.

[0061] For example, if the time-of-flight ToF is equal to 10-9s, the speed of light c is equal to 299.8 * 106m / s, then the ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can then determine the distance d as: d = 299.8 0.2998 m = 11.8 in

[0062] The interaction module 208B can include may comprise code or software, executable by the processor 204, for performing interactions. The interaction processing module 208B, in conjunction with the processor 204, can obtain data (e.g., a credential or a token) related to the interaction. The interaction processing module 208C, in conjunction with the processor 204, can provide the credential or the token to a relevant device (e.g., an access device) to process the interaction. For example, the interaction processing module 208C, in conjunction with the processor 204, can provide the credential or the token to the access device 104.

[0063] The network interface 206 may include an interface that can allow the user device 102 to communicate with external computers. The network interface 206 may enable the user device 102 to communicate data to and from another device (e.g., an access device, etc.). Some examples of the network interface 206 may include a modem, a physical network interface (such as an Ethernet card or other Network Interface Card (NIC)), a virtual network interface, a communications port, a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) slot and card, or the like. The wireless protocols enabled by the network interface 206 may include Wi-Fi™. Data transferred via the network interface 206 may be in the form of signals which may be electrical, electromagnetic, optical, or any other signal capable of being received by the external communications interface (collectively referred to as “electronic signals” or “electronic messages”). These electronic messages that may comprise data or instructions may be provided between the network interface 206 and other devices via a communications path or channel. As noted above, any suitable communication path or channel may be used such as, forinstance, a wire or cable, fiber optics, a telephone line, a cellular link, a radio frequency (RF) link, a WAN or LAN network, the Internet, or any other suitable medium.

[0064] The ultra-wideband antenna 210 can include an antenna configured to utilize ultra-wideband communication frequencies. Ultra-wideband communications use for short-range, high-bandwidth, low energy transmissions over a large portion of the radio spectrum. Ultra-wideband communication transmissions can occur across a wide bandwidth (e.g., greater than 500 MHz) and can occur within a frequency range of 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz.

[0065] The ultra-wideband antenna 210 can be connected to an interface and driver circuits. The interface and driver circuits can connect the ultra-wideband antenna 210 to the processor 204. The interface and driver circuits can include a circuit that has specialized features and capabilities that allow it to be the physical interface between a source circuit (e.g., the processor 204) and a load (e.g., the ultra-wideband antenna 210) that has specific, unique characteristics that must be met, in order to get the signal source to control the load. For example, a driver can provide these functions with respect to the load: 1 ) supply appropriate voltage levels, 2) supply voltage at sufficient current levels, and 3) provide that voltage and current change at a rate the load needs (slew rate).

[0066] A difference between conventional radio transmissions and ultra- wideband transmissions is that conventional systems transmit information by varying the power level, frequency, or phase (or a combination of these) of a sinusoidal wave. Ultra-wideband transmissions transmit information by generating radio energy at specific time intervals and occupying a large bandwidth, thus enabling pulseposition or time modulation. The information can also be modulated on ultra- wideband signals (i.e., pulses) by encoding the polarity of the pulse, its amplitude, and / or by using orthogonal pulses. Ultra-wideband pulses can be sent sporadically at relatively low pulse rates to support time or position modulation, but can also be sent at rates up to the inverse of the ultra-wideband pulse bandwidth.

[0067] Ultra-wideband communications allow for centimeter-level accuracy when identifying a location of an ultra-wideband antenna. Ultra-widebandcommunication provides for consistent and accurate positioning due to its immunity to multipath interference.

[0068] When a device with an ultra-wideband antenna arrives within proximity to another device with an ultra-wideband antenna, the two devices can start ranging (e.g., measuring) their exact distance. Ranging is accomplished through time of flight (ToF), which is the time it takes for a pulse to get from point one ultra-wideband antenna to another ultra-wideband antenna.

[0069] In some embodiments, the user device 102 can include two ultra- wideband antennas. When determining a distance and a direction of another device that is emitting an ultra-wideband signal, the user device 102 can utilize an angle-of- arrival based on phase-difference-of-arrival (PDoA) process. For phase-difference- of-arrival one of the two communicating devices (e.g., the user device 102 and the access device) can have at least two ultra-wideband antennas. When the user device 102 receives an ultra-wideband signal from the access device 104, the user device 102 can measure the difference in the phase of the arriving ultra-wideband signal at each ultra-wideband antenna. Based on this information, the user device 102 can calculate the angle from which the incoming ultra-wideband signal arrived, as known to one of skill in the art. As such, the user device 102 now knows both the direction and the distance of the access device.

[0070] The near-field communication antenna 212 can include an antenna configured to utilize near-field communication frequencies. Near-field communication can include a set of communication protocols that enable communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm or less. Near-field communication is based on inductive coupling between two antennas present on near-field communication-enabled devices communicating in one or both directions, using a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio frequency ISM band using the ISO / IEC 14443 air interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit / s.

[0071] The near-field communication antenna 212 can be connected to an interface and driver circuits. The interface and driver circuits can connect the near- field communication antenna 212 to the processor 204.

[0072] Communication between the near-field communication antenna 212 and a second near-field communication antenna can take place between an active initiator device and a target device which may either be passive or active. If the target device is passive, then the initiator device provides a carrier field to the target device. The target device, acting as a transponder, communicates by modulating the incident field. In this mode, the target device may draw its operating power from the initiator-provided magnetic field. If the target device is active, then both the initiator device and the target device communicate by alternately generating their own fields, where a device stops transmitting in order to receive data from the other. This mode requires that both devices include power supplies.

[0073] FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an access device 104 according to embodiments. The exemplary access device 104 may comprise a processor 304. The processor 304 may be coupled to a memory 302, a network interface 306, a computer readable medium 308, an ultra-wideband antenna 310, and a near field communication antenna 312. The computer readable medium 308 can comprise an interaction module 308A.

[0074] The memory 302 can be used to store data and code and may be similar to the memory 202 as described herein. For example, the memory 302 can store cryptographic keys, interaction data, etc.

[0075] The computer readable medium 308 may comprise code, executable by the processor 304, for performing a method comprising: communicating, by the access device with the user device via the second near-field communication antenna and the first near-field communication antenna; receiving, by the access device, interaction data from the user device for an interaction between a user of the user device and a resource provider of the access device; and providing, by the access device, the interaction data to a resource provider computer for authorization of the interaction.

[0076] The interaction module 308A may comprise code or software, executable by the processor 304, for performing interactions. The interaction processing module 308A, in conjunction with the processor 304, can obtain data (e.g., interaction data) related to the interaction. The interaction data can include a timestamp, an amount, a list of resources involved in the interaction, and / or otherdata related to the interaction and / or related to processing the interaction. The interaction processing module 308A, in conjunction with the processor 304, can receive a credential or a token from a user device. The interaction processing module 308A, in conjunction with the processor 304, can include the credential or the token into the interaction data.

[0077] In some embodiments, the interaction processing module 308A, in conjunction with the processor 304, can provide the interaction data to a resource provider computer for processing of the interaction.

[0078] In other embodiments, the interaction processing module 308A, in conjunction with the processor 304, can generate an authorization request message comprising the interaction data. The interaction processing module 308A, in conjunction with the processor 304, can then provide the authorization request message to the resource provider computer.

[0079] The network interface 306 may be similar to the network interface 206 and will not be repeated here.

[0080] The ultra-wideband antenna 310 can be similar to the ultra-wideband antenna 210 and the description of thus will not be repeated here. The ultra- wideband antenna 310 can be connected to an interface and driver circuits. The interface and driver circuits can connect the ultra-wideband antenna 310 to the processor 304.

[0081] The near field communication antenna 312 can be similar to the near field communication antenna 212 and the description of thus will not be repeated here. The near-field communication antenna 312 can be connected to an interface and driver circuits. The interface and driver circuits can connect the near-field communication antenna 312 to the processor 304.

[0082] FIG. 4A shows a three-dimensional coordinate system with vectors, and illustrates a method of determining relative locations according to embodiments. The illustration in FIG. 4A includes a plot 400 with spatial dimensions of X, Y, and Z. The plot 400 shows the locations of various points in three dimensional space. The plot 400 includes an access device antenna location 402, a user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404, and a user device near-field communication antenna location 406.

[0083] In some embodiments, the access device antenna location 402 can be a location of both an access device ultra-wideband antenna and an access device near-field communication antenna, as described in FIG. 4B. The access device antenna location 402 can be indicated by a location of (X1 , Y1 , Z1 ).

[0084] FIG. 4B shows an illustration of an ultra-wideband antenna and a near- field communication antenna in an access device according to embodiments. FIG. 4B illustrates the access device antenna location 402. The access device antenna location 402 can include a near-field communication antenna 420 and an ultra- wideband antenna 422. In this embodiment, a center of the access device antenna location 402 can be near to a center of the near-field communication antenna 420 and a center of the ultra-wideband antenna 422. The near-field communication antenna 420 can be located at the center of the ultra-wideband antenna 422. The ultra-wideband antenna 422 can wrap around the near-field communication antenna 420, thus giving the ultra-wideband antenna 422 an operational center that is located at the near-field communication antenna 420.

[0085] The user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 in FIG. 4A can be a location of the ultra-wideband antenna in the user device. The user device near- field communication antenna location 406 can be a location of the near-field antenna in the user device. FIG. 4C illustrates an example of locations of the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field antenna in the user device. The user device ultra- wideband antenna location 404 can be indicated by a location of (X2, Y2, Z2). The user device near-field communication antenna location 406 can be indicated by a location of (X3, Y3, Z3).

[0086] FIG. 4C shows an illustration of an ultra-wideband antenna and a near- field communication antenna in a user device according to embodiments. FIG. 4C includes a partial outline of a user device 430 that illustrates a user device including the user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 and the user device near-field communication antenna location 406.

[0087] The user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 and the user device near-field communication antenna location 406 can be at a set distance from one another. The distance can be stored into the memory of the user device.

[0088] The user device can determine a location of the user device relative to the access device antenna location 402. To do so, the user device can detect, using the user device ultra-wideband antenna, an ultra-wideband signal from the access device ultra-wideband antenna located at the access device antenna location 402.

[0089] From the ultra-wideband signal, the user device can determine a relative distance from the user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 to the access device antenna location 402. This relative distance can be a vector 408 that points from the user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 (X2, Y2, Z2) to the access device antenna location 402 (X1 , Y1 , Z1 ). Such a vector can be referred to as d(UWB).

[0090] After determining the vector 408, the user device can determine a relative distance between the user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 and the user device near-field communication antenna location 406. The distance between the two antenna locations in the user device can be already known to the user device since both antenna locations are internal components that are manufactured within a set distance from one another. The user device can obtain, from memory, the relative distance between the user device ultra-wideband antenna location 404 and the user device near-field communication antenna location 406 to be the vector 410.

[0091] After obtaining the vector 410, the user device can determine a relative distance between the access device antenna location 402 and the user device near- field communication antenna location 406 indicated by the vector 412. The user device can determine the vector 412 using the vector 408 and the vector 410. The vector 412 can be a combination of the vector 408 and the vector 410. For example, dependent on the directions of the vectors, the vector 412 can be equal to the vector 408 added to the vector 410.

[0092] At this point, the user device has determined the location of the user device relative to the access device antenna location 402.

[0093] In some embodiments, the antenna location 402 of the access device might not include both the access device ultra-wideband antenna and the access device near-field communication antenna. The access device ultra-wideband antenna and the access device near-field communication antenna can be located at different positions in the access device. The access device can store location data that includes information regarding the relative distance between the access device ultra-wideband antenna and the access device near-field communication antenna. The relative distance between the access device ultra-wideband antenna and the access device near-field communication antenna can be indicated by an access device antenna vector.

[0094] The access device can provide the access device antenna vector to the user device via the ultra-wideband signal. The user device can utilize the access device antenna vector along with the vector 408 and the vector 412 to determine a relative distance between the access device near-field communication antenna and the user device near-field communication antenna location 406.

[0095] As an example, the user device can determine the vector 412 using the vector 408, the vector 410, and the access device antenna vector. The vector 412 can be a combination of the vector 408, the vector 410, and the access device antenna vector. For example, dependent on the directions of the vectors, the vector 412 can be equal to the vector 408 added to the vector 410 and added to the access device antenna vector.

[0096] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a method according to embodiments. The method illustrated in FIG. 5 will be described in the context of a user device performing an interaction with an access device, where the user device detects a location of a near-field communication antenna location and directs a user of the user device to bring the user device proximate to the near-field communication antenna location.

[0097] Prior to step 502, a user of the user device 102 can initiate an interaction with a resource provider of the access device 104. For example, the user can select one or more resources that are provided by the resource provider. The user can proceed to the access device 104, which is located at the resource provider location. The user can utilize a resource provider computer 106 that is connected tothe access device 104 to scan (e.g., using a barcode, a QR code, etc.) the one or more resource, or otherwise identify the one or more resources. After identifying the one or more resources to the resource provider computer 106, the user can select an option to complete the interaction (e.g., to checkout). The resource provider computer 106 can generate and provide interaction data including a time, a list of the one or more resources, an amount, etc. to the access device 104. The resource provider computer 106 can notify the user to complete the interaction with the access device 104.

[0098] At step 502, the user can activate an interaction application on the user device 102. The interaction application can be a transaction application. The interaction application can initiate near-field communication tap to pay capabilities.

[0099] At step 504, after the interaction application is activated, the interaction application of the user device 102 can access user device model information. The interaction application can access the memory of the user device 102 to access the user device model information. The user device model information can include information related to the user device, such as model number, manufacturer, production date, location of the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102, location of the ultra-wideband antenna in the user device 102, a distance between the near-filed communication antenna and the ultra-wideband antenna in the user device 102, and other information related to the user device.

[0100] At step 506, if user device model information is available and if the distance between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102 is not pre-stored, the interaction application of the user device can determine a relative location between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102. The user device can determine the relative location between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102 using the location of the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102 and the location of the ultra-wideband antenna in the user device 102 accessed from the user device model information.

[0101] The relative location between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102 can be a vector thatindicates a distance and a direction from the near-field communication antenna to the ultra-wideband antenna.

[0102] In some embodiments, the user device model information can directly store the relative location between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102.

[0103] In some embodiments, if no user device model information is stored in the memory, then the user device 102 can utilize a distance of zero (e.g., at the same location) between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102. As such, the relative location between the ultra-wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102 would be zero as the user device 102 is assuming that the antennas are at the same position.

[0104] At step 508, after determining the relative location between the ultra- wideband antenna and the near-field communication antenna in the user device 102, the user device 102 can detect an ultra-wideband signal from the access device 104. The user device 102 can detect the ultra-wideband signal using the ultra-wideband antenna in the user device, which can be a first ultra-wideband antenna. The ultra- wideband signal can originate from an ultra-wideband antenna in the access device 104, which can be a second ultra-wideband antenna. The ultra-wideband signal can include data. For example, the ultra-wideband signal can include a timestamp that indicates a time at which the ultra-wideband signal was emitted.

[0105] In some embodiments, the position of the second ultra-wideband antenna and the position of the second near-field communication antenna in the access device 104 can differ from one another. The access device 104 can store location data regarding the relative distance between the second ultra-wideband antenna and the second near-field communication antenna. The access device 104 can provide the location data to the user device 102 via the ultra-wideband signal. As such, during the distance measurement ultra-wideband communication process, the access device 104 can provide the location data to the user device 102.

[0106] Ultra-wideband communication provides for data exchange between two device during the distance measurement process. For example, the accessdevice 104 can embed the location data inside the measurement frames that include data related to the distance between the first ultra-wideband antenna and the second ultra-wideband antenna.

[0107] At step 510, after detecting the ultra-wideband signal from the access device 104, the user device 102 can determine distance information between the first near-field communication antenna (on the user device 102) and the second nearfield communication antenna (on the access device 104).

[0108] As an example of determining a distance, the user device 102 can determine a time-of-flight ToF of the ultra-wideband signal. The user device 102 can determine the difference between a time t1 and a time t2. The time t1 can be the time at which the ultra-wideband signal was emitted. The time t2 can be the time at which the user device 102 detected the ultra-wideband signal. For example, the user device 102 can determine ToF = t2 - tl.

[0109] The user device 102 can then determine the distance d based on the time-of-flight ToF and the speed of light c. The distance d being equal to the time-of- flight ToF multiplied by the speed of light c (e.g., d = c * ToF).

[0110] For example, if the time-of-flight ToF is equal to 6 * 10-10s, the speed of light c is equal to 299.8 * 106m / s, then the ultra-wideband signal processing module 208A, in conjunction with the processor 204, can then determine the distance d as:TTL d = 299.8 * 106— * 6 * 10-10s = 0.18 m = 7 in s

[0111] As such, the user device 102 can determine that the first ultra- wideband antenna is 7 inches away from the second ultra-wideband antenna on the access device 104.

[0112] The user device 102 can also determine the direction of the incoming ultra-wideband signal. For example, the user device 102 can utilize angle-of-arrival based on phase-difference-of-arrival (PDoA) to determine an incidence angle at which the ultra-wideband signal arrives at the first ultra-wideband antenna. In such a case, the user device 102 can include two ultra-wideband antennas. The user device 102 measure the difference in phase between the two different ultra-wideband antennas since the incident wavefront of the ultra-wideband signal can reach the two different ultra-wideband antennas at different times. Based on the phase difference, the user device 102 can determine the direction from which the ultra-wideband signal originates.

[0113] After determining the distance and the direction of the second ultra- wideband antenna from the first ultra-wideband antenna, the user device 102 can determine a relative distance and direction between the first near-field communication antenna to the second near-field communication antenna. The user device 102 can determine the relative distance and direction as described in reference to FIG. 4A.

[0114] The user device 102 can utilize 1 ) the relative location between the second ultra-wideband antenna from the first ultra-wideband antenna, 2) the relative location between the first ultra-wideband antenna and the first near-field communication antenna, and 3) the knowledge that the second ultra-wideband antenna and the second near-field communication antenna are located at the same center point to determine the relative location between the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna.

[0115] For example, the user device 102 can determine an ultra-wideband antenna location vector indicating location and direction information of the second ultra-wideband antenna using the ultra-wideband signal. The ultra-wideband antenna location vector can be a vector that points from a location of the first ultra- wideband antenna to a location of the second ultra-wideband antenna.

[0116] The user device 102 can determine a user device antenna vector indicating location and direction information between the first near-field communication antenna location and the first ultra-wideband antenna location. The user device antenna vector can be a vector that points from the first near-field communication antenna location to the first ultra-wideband antenna location. The user device antenna vector can be determined using data obtain from step 506.

[0117] The user device 102 can then determine a near-field communication antenna location vector indicating location and direction information between the first near-field communication antenna location and the second near-field communicationantenna location. The user device 102 can determine the near-field communication antenna location vector based on the ultra-wideband antenna location vector and the user device antenna vector.

[0118] At step 512, after determining the location of the user device 102 (e.g., in particular the first near-field communication antenna) relative to the second near- field communication antenna on the access device 104, the user device 102 can output instructions to move the user device 102. The instructions to move the user device 102 can include the instructions described in reference to FIG. 6.

[0119] FIG. 6 shows a user interface illustrating direction instructions according to embodiments. FIG. 6 illustrates a user device wireframe 600 that includes various visual elements. The user device wireframe 600 can be shown on the user device 102 when the ultra-wideband antenna on the user device detects the ultra-wideband antenna on the access device during an interaction. The user device wireframe 600 can be displayed on the user device after step 510 as described in FIG. 5. The user device wireframe 600 illustrates a screen guide presented to the user of the user device.

[0120] The user device wireframe 600 includes a logo 602, a text instruction 604, a directional arrow 606, and a distance 608. The visual elements in the user device wireframe 600 can aid a user in moving the user device towards the near-field communication antenna located in the access device. It is understood that some, all, or a combination of the aforementioned visual elements can be displayed at a time.

[0121] The logo 602 can display a near-field communication logo. The logo 602 displayed on the screen can be similar to a logo placed on the access device at the location of the access device’s near-field communication antenna.

[0122] The text instruction 604 can display written instructions to the user of the user device. For example, the text instruction 604 can display “please move your phone in this direction.” The text instruction 604 can provide written direction information related to the other visual elements, such as the directional arrow 606.

[0123] The directional arrow 606 can point in a direction towards the access device ultra-wideband antenna (e.g., the landing plane). The directional arrow 606 can be determined using the ultra-wideband signal received by the user device ultra-wideband antenna. The directional arrow 606 can change direction depending on where the user device is in space relative to the access device.

[0124] The distance 608 can indicate a distance between the user device and the access device as measured by the ultra-wideband signal received by the user device ultra-wideband antenna. The distance can update based on the movement of the user device in space relative to the access device.

[0125] In some embodiments, the instructions can include an augmented reality visual and a directional arrow. For example, the user device 102 can stream images captured from a camera in the user device 102 to a display screen of the user device 102 in real-time. The user device 102 can overlay the directional arrow on to the augmented reality visual to point the user towards the near-field communication antenna on the access device 104.

[0126] Referring back to FIG. 5, at step 514, after outputting the instructions to move the user device 102, the user can move the user device 102 in accordance with the instructions. The user device 102 can determine whether or not the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna are in communication range of one another. For example, the user device 102 can attempt to communicate with the second near-field communication antenna using the first near-field communication antenna.

[0127] If the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna are not in communication range, then the user device 102 can proceed to step 510 and repeat determining the relative location and outputting of the instructions to reflect a current position in space of the user device 102. The user can move the user device 102 according to the instructions.

[0128] In some embodiments, communication range can refer to a range at which the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna can communicate at a particular communication field strength. The communication field strength can increase as the two antennas are brought closer to one another. If the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna are not in a communication range that provides a field-strength strong enough to complete a full transaction, then the userdevice 102 can proceed to step 510 to instruct the user to move the user device 102 closer to the access device 104.

[0129] If the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication are in communication range, then the user device 102 can proceed to step 516.

[0130] At step 516, after the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication are in communication range, the user device 102 can display a successful connection notification to the user of the user device 102 on a display screen. The successful connection notification can indicate that the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication are in communication range and have successfully begun communicating. In some embodiments, the user device 102 can display the successful connection notification to the user of the user device 102 once the interaction is complete.

[0131] The first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication can communicate data related to the interaction between the user device 102 and the access device 104.

[0132] For example, referring to FIG. 1 , the user device 102 can provide a credential or a token stored in the user device 102 to the access device 104.

[0133] The access device 104 can provide the credential or the token along with interaction data for the interaction between the user device 102 and the access device 104 to a resource provider computer 106.

[0134] The resource provider computer 106 can generate an authorization request message comprising the interaction data and the credential or the token. The resource provider computer 106 can provide the authorization request message to the transport computer 108.

[0135] After receiving the authorization request message from the resource provider computer 106, the transport computer 108 can provide the authorization request message to the network processing computer 110.

[0136] The network processing computer 110, after receiving the authorization request message can provide the authorization request message to the authorizing entity computer 112.

[0137] The authorizing entity computer 112 can determine whether or not to authorize the interaction based on the authorization request message. The authorizing entity computer 112 can generate an indication of whether or not the interaction is authorized. The authorizing entity computer 112 can generate an authorization response message comprising the indication of whether or not the interaction is authorized. The authorization response message can also include the interaction data and the credential or the token from the authorization request message. The authorizing entity computer 112 can provide the authorization response message to the network processing computer 110.

[0138] After receiving the authorization response message from the authorizing entity computer 112, the network processing computer 110 can provide the authorization response message to the transport computer 108.

[0139] The transport computer 108 can provide the authorization response message to the resource provider computer 106.

[0140] In some embodiments, the resource provider computer 106 can display the indication of whether or not the interaction is authorized to the user of the user device 102 on a display screen.

[0141] In some embodiments, the resource provider computer 106 can provide the authorization response message to the access device 104. The access device 04 can display the indication of whether or not the interaction is authorized to the user of the user device 102 on a display screen.

[0142] In some embodiments, the access device 104 an provide the authorization response message to the user device 102. The user device 102 can display the indication of whether or not the interaction is authorized to the user of the user device 102 on a display screen.

[0143] At the end of the day, a clearing and settlement process can between the transport computer 108, the network processing computer 110, and the authorizing entity computer 112.

[0144] Although the use of the invention in an interaction such as a payment transaction is discussed in detail, embodiments of the invention can be used in other contexts. For example, the access device does not have to be a POS terminal, but can be a terminal which allows access to a secure location or secure data.

[0145] Embodiments of the disclosure have a number of advantages. For example, embodiments provide for a technical solution to the technical problem of identifying a near-field communication antenna location in real time between two devices, where one device is handled by a user.

[0146] Current access devices have limited area to include extra components, thus leaving near-field communication antennas to be included with the access device at locations that vary between different models of access devices. The user of the user device is expected to get the user device as close to the near-field communication antenna in the access device as possible to achieve payment.However, the user might not know where the near-field communication antenna is located in many different access device models.

[0147] To solve such technical problems as well as make the process more effective and comfortable for users, embodiments provide for an ultra-wideband antenna in the user device and in the access device to facilitate location finding and distance measurement. The ultra-wideband antennas can measure distance information between the ultra-wideband antenna on the user device and the ultra- wideband antenna on the access device.

[0148] Embodiments provide for an advantage of the ultra-wideband antenna on the access device can being located near or under the access device’s near-field communication antenna (e.g., at the landing plane). As such, when the user device detects an ultra-wideband signal from the access device, the user device can accurately pinpoint the location of the access device ultra-wideband antenna and thus the location of the near-field communication antenna. Since ultra-widebandsignals have a longer range than near-field communication signals, the user device can identify the landing plane from an increased distance from the access device.

[0149] Embodiments provide for additional advantages, for example, embodiments provide for user device displayed instructions that reduce the problem of the user device blocking the user’s line of sight to the access device. In particular, the user device can display instructions to the user that describe how to move the user device towards the access device.

[0150] Although the steps in the flowcharts and process flows described above are illustrated or described in a specific order, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may include methods that have the steps in different orders. In addition, steps may be omitted or added and may still be within embodiments of the invention.

[0151] Any of the software components or functions described in this application may be implemented as software code to be executed by a processor using any suitable computer language such as, for example, Java, C, C++, C#, Objective-C, Swift, or scripting language such as Perl or Python using, for example, conventional or object-oriented techniques. The software code may be stored as a series of instructions or commands on a computer readable medium for storage and / or transmission, suitable media include random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a magnetic medium such as a hard-drive or a floppy disk, or an optical medium such as a compact disk (CD) or DVD (digital versatile disk), flash memory, and the like. The computer readable medium may be any combination of such storage or transmission devices.

[0152] Such programs may also be encoded and transmitted using carrier signals adapted for transmission via wired, optical, and / or wireless networks conforming to a variety of protocols, including the Internet. As such, a computer readable medium according to an embodiment of the present invention may be created using a data signal encoded with such programs. Computer readable media encoded with the program code may be packaged with a compatible device or provided separately from other devices (e.g., via Internet download). Any such computer readable medium may reside on or within a single computer product (e.g., a hard drive, a CD, or an entire computer system), and may be present on or withindifferent computer products within a system or network. A computer system may include a monitor, printer, or other suitable display for providing any of the results mentioned herein to a user.

[0153] The above description is illustrative and is not restrictive. Many variations of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of the disclosure. The scope of the invention should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but instead should be determined with reference to the pending claims along with their full scope or equivalents.

[0154] One or more features from any embodiment may be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0155] As used herein, the use of "a," "an," or "the" is intended to mean "at least one," unless specifically indicated to the contrary.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:1 . A method comprising: detecting, by a user device comprising a first near-field communication antenna and a first ultra-wideband antenna, an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra-wideband antenna in an access device comprising a second near-field communication antenna; determining, by the user device and using the ultra-wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting, by the user device, instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating, by the user device with the access device, via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining, using the ultra- wideband signal, the location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device further comprises: determining, by the user device, an ultra-wideband antenna location vector indicating location and direction information of the second ultra-wideband antenna using the ultra-wideband signal.

3. The method of claim 2 further comprising: determining, by the user device, a user device antenna vector indicating location and direction information between a first near-field communication antenna location and a first ultra-wideband antenna location.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: determining, by the user device, a near-field communication antenna location vector indicating location and direction information between a first near-field communication antenna location and a second near-field communication antenna location based on the ultra-wideband antenna location vector and the user device antenna vector.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein outputting the instructions to move the user device in response to determining further comprises: displaying, by the user device, a screen guide showing the location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna.

6. The method of claim 1 further comprising: after communicating with the access device, displaying, by the user device, a successful connection notification on a screen of the user device.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein communicating with the access device comprises: providing, by the user device, a credential or a token stored in the user device to the access device, wherein the access device provides the credential or the token along with interaction data for an interaction between the user device and the access device to a resource provider computer, wherein the resource provider computer generates and transmits an authorization request message comprising the interaction data and the credential or the token to an authorizing entity computer via a transport computer and a network processing computer for authorization of the interaction.

8. The method of claim 7 further comprising: receiving, by the user device from the access device, an indication of whether or not the interaction was authorized by the authorizing entity computer.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein outputting instructions to move the user device comprises: displaying, by the user device on a display screen of the user device, a screen guide showing the location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna, wherein the screen guide includes one or more of a signal strength indicator, a text instruction, a directional arrow, and a distance.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the user device comprises a third ultra-wideband antenna, wherein determining the location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device comprises:measuring, by the user device, a phase difference between the ultra- wideband signal received at the first ultra-wideband antenna and the ultra-wideband signal received at the third ultra-wideband antenna; and determining, by the user device, an incidence angle based on the phase difference.

11. A user device comprising: a processor; a first near-field communication antenna coupled to the processor; a first ultra-wideband antenna coupled to the processor; and a computer-readable medium coupled to the processor, the computer- readable medium comprising code executable by the processor for implementing a method comprising: detecting an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra- wideband antenna in an access device comprising a second near-field communication antenna; determining, using the ultra-wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions.

12. The user device of claim 11 , wherein communicating, by the user device with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna comprises: providing, by the user device, a credential or a token to the access device.

13. The user device of claim 11 , wherein the user device comprises a third ultra-wideband antenna, wherein determining the location of the user devicerelative to the second near-field communication antenna on the access device comprises: measuring a phase difference between the ultra-wideband signal received at the first ultra-wideband antenna and the ultra-wideband signal received at the third ultra-wideband antenna; and determining an incidence angle based on the phase difference.

14. The user device of claim 11 , wherein the first near-field communication antenna and the first ultra-wideband antenna are located a set distance from one another, and wherein the set distance is stored in a memory of the user device.

15. The user device of claim 11 , wherein the instructions include an augmented reality visual and a directional arrow.

16. The user device of claim 11 , wherein the method further comprises: after communicating with the access device, displaying, by the user device, a successful connection notification.

17. The user device of claim 11 , wherein outputting the instructions to move the user device in response to determining further comprises: displaying, by the user device, a screen guide showing the location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna and indicating a direction and distance for a user of the user device to move the user device.

18. A system comprising: a user device comprising: a first processor; a first near-field communication antenna coupled to the first processor; a first ultra-wideband antenna coupled to the first processor; anda computer-readable medium coupled to the first processor, the computer-readable medium comprising code executable by the first processor for implementing a method comprising: detecting an ultra-wideband signal from a second ultra- wideband antenna in an access device; determining, using the ultra-wideband signal, a location of the user device relative to a second near-field communication antenna on the access device; outputting, by the user device, instructions to move the user device in response to determining; and communicating, by the user device with the access device via the first near-field communication antenna and the second near-field communication antenna in response to movement of the user device according to the instructions; and the access device comprising: a second processor; the second near-field communication antenna coupled to the second processor; and the second ultra-wideband antenna coupled to the second processor.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein outputting the instructions to move the user device in response to determining further comprises: displaying, by the user device, a screen guide showing the location of the user device relative to the second near-field communication antenna, wherein the screen guide includes a signal strength indicator, a text instruction, a directional arrow , and a distance.

20. The system of claim 18, wherein the computer-readable medium is a first computer-readable medium, wherein the method is a first method, and wherein the access device further comprises: a second computer-readable medium coupled to the second processor, the second computer-readable medium comprising code executable by the second processor for implementing a second method comprising:communicating, by the access device with the user device via the second near-field communication antenna and the first near-field communication antenna; receiving, by the access device, interaction data from the user device for an interaction between a user of the user device and a resource provider of the access device; and providing, by the access device, the interaction data to a resource provider computer for authorization of the interaction.

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