Constant-pressure spraying pulsed fire extinguishing apparatus and fire extinguishing method

Abstract

A constant-pressure spraying pulsed fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method. The constant-pressure spraying pulsed fire extinguishing apparatus comprises a cylinder body. Two ends of the cylinder body are closed, at least one outer nozzle hole is provided in an upper end surface of the cylinder body, and an inner cover is movably mounted at an upper end of the interior of the cylinder body. The inner cover is provided with an inner nozzle hole arranged at a position corresponding to the position of the outer nozzle hole and capable of being offset from the outer nozzle hole. A telescopic rod is slidingly inserted into the cylinder body from the upper end of the cylinder body, and is threadedly connected to a center hole of the inner cover. When a spring is in an uncompressed state, the outer nozzle hole is offset from the inner nozzle hole, and the fire extinguishing apparatus is in a sealed state. After an aerosol generating agent is activated, the pressure in the cylinder body gradually increases, and a fire extinguishing medium pushes a sliding plug to move. When the pressure on a lower side of the sliding plug is greater than the elastic force of the spring, the telescopic rod moves upwards and drives the inner cover to rotate at the same time. When the outer nozzle hole coincides with the inner nozzle hole, the sliding plug moves to the top, and the pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the lower side of the sliding plug overflows from sliding recesses in the outer circumference of the sliding plug and is released via the inner nozzle hole and the outer nozzle hole.

Description

A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device and fire extinguishing method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing devices, and in particular to a constant-pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional aerosol fire extinguishing devices are popular in the market for their stable spraying and high fire extinguishing efficiency. However, in industries and application scenarios such as new energy vehicles and energy storage, due to the high energy density of energy storage batteries, violent explosions are likely to occur in the event of a fire, and huge positive pressure will be generated in the energy storage battery pack and energy storage battery cabinet. After the aerosol generator of ordinary aerosol fire extinguishing devices is activated, the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed openly, resulting in a low pressure release of the fire extinguishing medium, which cannot penetrate the fire plume layer to reach the root of the combustible material to extinguish the fire. Technical issues

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, and to provide a constant-pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing method. When the spring is in an uncompressed state, the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle are staggered, and the fire extinguishing device is in a closed state; when the aerosol generator is activated, the pressure in the cylinder gradually increases, and the fire extinguishing medium pushes the sliding plug to move. When the pressure on the lower side of the sliding plug is greater than the elastic force of the spring, the telescopic rod moves upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover to rotate. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle coincide with each other, the sliding plug moves to the top, and the pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the lower side of the sliding plug overflows from the slide groove on the outer circumference of the sliding plug and is released through the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle. Technical Solutions

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a constant-pressure spraying pulse fire extinguishing device comprises a cylinder, the two ends of the cylinder are closed, the upper end surface of the cylinder is provided with at least one external nozzle, and an aerosol generating agent is installed inside the lower end of the cylinder, the upper end of the inner part of the cylinder is movably installed with an inner cover, the inner cover is provided with an inner nozzle corresponding to the position of the external nozzle and can be staggered with each other, the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with a first limiting portion at the lower side of the inner cover, the telescopic rod slides from the upper end of the cylinder into the cylinder and is spirally connected to the center hole of the inner cover; the inner wall of the cylinder is axially provided with a plurality of slide rails, the upper ends of the slide rails are spaced a distance from the inner cover, a sliding plug is slidably installed in the cylinder, the outer circumference of the sliding plug is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the number of slide rails, and the sliding groove and the slide rail are slidably matched; a spring is installed on the outside of the telescopic rod, and the spring pushes the telescopic rod downward; the gap between the upper end of the slide rail and the inner cover is greater than the thickness of the sliding plug.

[0005] The lower end of the cylinder is closed by a lower cover, and the aerosol generator is installed in the lower cover.

[0006] The lower cover is screwed, bonded or welded to the cylinder.

[0007] A connecting cover is provided on the top of the cylinder, a spring is installed in the connecting cover, and the upper end of the telescopic rod is limited by the connecting cover so that the telescopic rod does not rotate.

[0008] A second limiting portion is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod, and the spring abuts against the second limiting portion.

[0009] The aerosol generator is activated by a thermal wire or by an electric ignition head.

[0010] A guiding structure is further provided between the slide rail and the first limiting portion.

[0011] The guide structure is an extension section provided at the upper end of the slide rail, the extension section is connected to or close to the first limiting portion, and the height of the extension section protrusion is smaller than the height of the slide rail protrusion.

[0012] The guide structure is at least one slide rail extending upwardly and connected to the first limiting portion or close to the first limiting portion.

[0013] The fire extinguishing method using the constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. When thermal runaway occurs within the energy storage unit, the aerosol generator within the fire extinguishing device activates, causing a chemical reaction to produce a gaseous fire extinguishing medium. Prior to activation, the spring is in an uncompressed state, with the outer and inner nozzles offset.

[0015] S2. As the pressure inside the cylinder gradually increases, the fire extinguishing gas pushes the slide toward the end of the telescopic rod. During this process, the slide groove and the rail slide together and form a seal.

[0016] S3. The slide plug against the telescopic rod, when the cylinder pressure reaches the preset pressure, the slide pressure is greater than the spring force, the slide pushes the telescopic rod upward, and at the same time drives the inner cover to rotate;

[0017] S4. When the slider abuts the first limiter, the outer nozzle coincides with the inner nozzle, and the slider is disengaged from the slide rail, and the chute on the outer circumference of the slider forms a fire extinguishing medium release channel;

[0018] S5. The pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the underside of the slider overflows from the chute on the outer circumference of the slider, passes through the gap between the inner cover and the slider, and is released from the overlapping inner and outer nozzles.

[0019] S6. When the pressure inside the cylinder drops below a point where it is insufficient to overcome the spring force, the spring forces the telescopic rod downward, causing the inner cover to rotate, shifting the outer and inner nozzles. Simultaneously, the plunger returns to its rails, creating a closed space beneath the plunger to store pressure.

[0020] S7. When the pressure on the plunger exceeds the spring force, the plunger pushes the telescopic rod upward, simultaneously rotating the inner cover. Once the outer nozzle aligns with the inner nozzle, the fire extinguishing medium is released again.

[0021] S8. Repeat the process in S6 and S7 to achieve pulse fire extinguishing of the energy storage unit. Beneficial effects

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, when the spring is in an uncompressed state, the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle are offset, and the fire extinguishing device is in a closed state. When the aerosol generator is activated, the pressure in the cylinder gradually increases, and the fire extinguishing medium pushes the slide to move. When the pressure on the lower side of the slide is greater than the elastic force of the spring, the telescopic rod moves upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover to rotate. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle coincide, the slide moves to the top, and the pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the lower side of the slide overflows from the slide groove on the outer circumference of the slide and is released through the inner and outer nozzles. When the pressure in the cylinder drops to a level that is insufficient to support the elastic force of the spring, the telescopic rod moves downward under the action of the spring elastic force, and the inner cover rotates, causing the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle to be offset. The cylinder is again pressurized, and the slide moves downward to re-isolate the two sides of the slide. This cycle ensures that the discharge pressure is not lower than the preset value.

[0024] 2. The present invention further provides a guide structure between the slide rail and the first limit portion to prevent the slide plug from rotating after entering the gap between the slide rail and the first limit portion and failing to return to the slide rail under the action of the spring to seal the lower side of the slide plug. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the sliding plug structure of the present invention.

[0027] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the inner cover structure of the present invention.

[0028] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when the sliding plug pushes the telescopic rod.

[0029] FIG5 is another structural schematic diagram of the guide structure of the present invention.

[0030] FIG6 is an enlarged structural diagram of point A in FIG4 .

[0031] In the figure: cylinder 1, outer nozzle 11, lower cover 12, slide rail 13, connecting cover 14, first limiting portion 15, extension section 16, aerosol generator 2, telescopic rod 3, second limiting portion 31, spring 4, inner cover 5, inner nozzle 51, center hole 52, slide plug 6, slide groove 61. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1-6, a constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device includes a cylinder 1, the ends of the cylinder 1 are closed, the upper end surface of the cylinder 1 is provided with at least one external nozzle 11, the lower end of the cylinder 1 is internally installed with an aerosol generator 2, the upper end of the cylinder 1 is movably installed with an inner cover 5, the inner cover 5 is provided with an inner nozzle 51 corresponding to the position of the external nozzle 11 and can be staggered with each other, the inner wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a first limit portion 15 on the lower side of the inner cover 5, and the telescopic rod 3 slides from the upper end of the cylinder 1 It penetrates into the cylinder 1 and is spirally connected to the center hole 52 of the inner cover 5; a plurality of slide rails 13 are axially provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the upper end of the slide rail 13 is spaced a distance from the inner cover 5. A slide plug 6 is slidably installed in the cylinder 1, and the outer circumference of the slide plug 6 is provided with slide grooves 61 corresponding to the number of slide rails 13, and the slide grooves 61 slide in conjunction with the slide rails 13; a spring 4 is installed on the outside of the telescopic rod 3, and the spring 4 pushes the telescopic rod 3 downward; the distance between the upper end of the slide rail 13 and the inner cover 5 is greater than the thickness of the slide plug 6. When the spring 4 is in an uncompressed state, the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 51 are offset, and the fire extinguishing device is in a closed state; when the aerosol generating agent is activated, the pressure in the cylinder gradually increases, and the fire extinguishing medium pushes the slide plug 6 to move. When the pressure on the lower side of the slide plug 6 is greater than the elastic force of the spring, the telescopic rod 3 moves upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover 5 to rotate. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle coincide with each other, the slide plug 6 moves to the top, and the pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the lower side of the slide plug 6 overflows from the slide groove 61 on the outer circumference of the slide plug 6 and is released through the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle.

[0034] The aerosol generator is a prior art, for example, the invention patent disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101745195B is "An aging-resistant aerosol generator and its preparation process", which discloses that the aerosol generator is composed of an oxidant, a reducing agent, and a binder. The oxidant is potassium nitrate, the binder is phenolic resin, and the reducing agent is melamine. The mass percentages thereof are: potassium nitrate 74% to 80%, phenolic resin 8% to 15%, and the balance is melamine.

[0035] Its preparation method is:

[0036] Step 1: dissolving phenolic resin in ethanol to prepare a phenolic resin solution with a mass concentration of 40% to 55%;

[0037] Step 2: Grind the oxidizing agent and reducing agent to a fineness of 80-200 standard mesh, mix them according to the required proportion, and sieve them through 80-200 mesh three times to make them evenly mixed;

[0038] Step 3: Then add the phenolic resin solution to the mixed powder, stir for 10 minutes, and then use a 40-mesh screen to force granulate. Then dry the agent in an environment with a temperature of 40°C and a relative humidity of less than 20% until the volatile components are less than 1%;

[0039] Step 4: Dry.

[0040] Specifically, the first stopper 15 can be composed of multiple bosses or a flange surrounding the inner wall of the barrel 1. Referring to Figure 6 , the first stopper 15 limits the inner cover 5 and ensures that the slide plug 6 does not abut against the inner cover 5 after reaching the top, thereby preventing pressure release from the spout. The barrel 1 can have a circular or rectangular cross-section.

[0041] The spiral connection between the telescopic rod 3 and the center hole 52 of the inner cover 5 can be similar to a threaded connection, or it can be connected using a ball screw. The inner cover 5 is movable, and the telescopic rod 3 is fixed and does not rotate. When the telescopic rod 3 slides up and down, it drives the inner cover 5 to rotate, thereby aligning or offsetting the outer nozzle 11 with the inner nozzle 51.

[0042] It should be noted that when the aerosol generator 2 is not activated, the slide plug 6 is located in the middle of the cylinder body, sealing the aerosol generator 2. A gap is provided between the external nozzle 11 at the top of the cylinder body 1 and the movable inner cover 5, so that when the slide plug 6 moves upward, the air in the upper cavity can be squeezed out. Alternatively, an exhaust hole can be provided on the cylinder body 1 below the first stopper 15.

[0043] 1 , in order to facilitate the installation of the aerosol generator 2, the lower end of the barrel 1 is closed by a lower cover 12, and the aerosol generator 2 is installed in the lower cover 12. The lower cover 12 and the barrel 1 can be screwed together, or can be fixed by bonding or welding.

[0044] Referring to Figure 6 , in a preferred embodiment, a connecting cap 14 is provided at the top of the barrel 1. The spring 4 is mounted within the connecting cap 14, and the upper end of the telescopic rod 3 is restrained by the connecting cap 14, preventing the telescopic rod 3 from rotating. This structure ensures the installation of the spring 4 and the restraint of the telescopic rod 3. The upper end of the telescopic rod 3 can have a square cross-section, so that when passing through the connecting cap 14, the upper end of the telescopic rod 3 mates with the square hole in the connecting cap 14, preventing rotation. Alternatively, the upper end of the telescopic rod 3 can have a spline structure that mates with the connecting cap 14.

[0045] Spring 4 can be sleeved on the telescopic rod 3, also can be the upper end that is connected to telescopic rod 3. When spring 4 is connected to the end of telescopic rod 3, telescopic rod 3 is fixedly connected with spring, and telescopic rod 3 is not rotated.

[0046] 6 , a second limiting portion 31 is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod 3 , and the spring 4 abuts against the second limiting portion 31 , which facilitates the installation of the spring 4 and has a simple structure. The spring 4 pushes the telescopic rod 3 through the second limiting portion 31 .

[0047] Specifically, the second limiting portion 31 may be a radially fixed connecting pin or a gasket.

[0048] Specifically, the aerosol generating agent 2 is activated by a heat-sensitive wire or an electric ignition head. Preferably, the heat-sensitive wire or the cable of the electric ignition head extends out of the barrel 1.

[0049] 1 and 5 , after the slide plug 6 enters the gap between the slide rail 13 and the first limit portion 15 , if the slide plug 6 rotates, it cannot return to the slide rail 13 under the action of the spring 4 to close the lower side of the slide plug 6 . Therefore, a guiding structure is further provided between the slide rail 13 and the first limit portion 15 .

[0050] In the first embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 6 , the guide structure is an extension 16 provided at the upper end of the slide rail 13. The extension 16 is connected to or adjacent to the first stopper 15, and the height of the protrusion of the extension 16 is less than the height of the protrusion of the slide rail 13. This ensures that the pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the underside of the slider 6 escapes through the chute 61 on the outer circumference of the slider 6 while also preventing the slider 6 from rotating.

[0051] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG5 , the guide structure comprises at least one slide rail 13 extending upwardly and connected to or adjacent to the first stopper 15. Thus, a portion of the slide rail 13 is connected to or adjacent to the first stopper 15 for guiding the slide plug 6, while a gap remains between the other portion of the slide rail 13 and the first stopper 15 for releasing the fire extinguishing medium.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] A fire extinguishing method using a constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. When thermal runaway occurs within the energy storage unit, the aerosol generator 2 within the fire extinguishing device is activated, undergoing a chemical reaction to produce a gaseous fire extinguishing medium. Prior to activation, when the spring 4 is uncompressed, the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 51 are offset. The aerosol generator 2 is activated by a thermal wire or an electric ignition head.

[0055] S2. The pressure inside the cylinder 1 gradually increases, and the fire extinguishing medium gas pushes the slide plug 6 to move toward one end of the telescopic rod 3. During this process, the slide groove 61 slides with the slide rail 13 and seals.

[0056] S3. The slide plug 6 abuts against the telescopic rod 3. When the pressure of the cylinder 1 reaches the preset pressure, the pressure of the slide plug 6 is greater than the elastic force of the spring 4. The slide plug 6 pushes the telescopic rod 3 upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover 5 to rotate.

[0057] S4. When the slide 6 abuts the first limit portion 15, the outer nozzle 11 overlaps the inner nozzle 51, and the slide 6 is separated from the slide rail 13. The slide groove 61 on the outer circumference of the slide 6 forms a fire extinguishing medium release channel.

[0058] S5. The pressurized fire extinguishing medium on the lower side of the slide 6 overflows from the chute 61 on the outer circumference of the slide 6, passes through the gap between the inner cover 5 and the slide 6, and is released from the overlapping inner nozzle 51 and outer nozzle 11.

[0059] S6. When the pressure within cylinder 1 drops below a level sufficient to overcome the elastic force of spring 4, the elastic force of spring 4 causes telescopic rod 3 to move downward, causing inner cover 5 to rotate, shifting outer nozzle 11 away from inner nozzle 51. Simultaneously, slide plug 6 returns to slide rail 13, creating a closed space beneath slide plug 6 to store pressure.

[0060] S7. When the pressure of the slide plug 6 is greater than the elastic force of the spring 4, the slide plug 6 pushes the telescopic rod 3 upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover 5 to rotate. After the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 51 overlap, the fire extinguishing medium is released again.

[0061] S8. Repeat the process in S6 and S7 to ensure that the spraying pressure is not lower than the preset value to perform pulse fire extinguishing on the energy storage unit.

Claims

1. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device, comprising a cylinder (1), the two ends of the cylinder (1) are closed, at least one external nozzle (11) is opened on the upper end surface of the cylinder (1), and an aerosol generating agent (2) is installed inside the lower end of the cylinder (1). Features: An inner cover (5) is movably mounted on the upper end of the cylinder (1), and an inner nozzle (51) is provided on the inner cover (5) and corresponds to the position of the outer nozzle (11) and can be staggered with each other. A first limiting portion (15) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder (1) at the lower side of the inner cover (5). The telescopic rod (3) slides from the upper end of the cylinder (1) into the cylinder (1) and is spirally connected to the center hole (52) of the inner cover (5). The inner wall of the cylinder (1) is axially provided with a plurality of slide rails (13 ), the upper end of the slide rail (13) is spaced a distance from the inner cover (5), a slide plug (6) is slidably installed in the cylinder (1), the outer circumference of the slide plug (6) is provided with slide grooves (61) corresponding to the number of the slide rails (13), and the slide grooves (61) and the slide rails (13) are slidably matched; a spring (4) is installed on the outside of the telescopic rod (3), and the spring (4) pushes the telescopic rod (3) downward; the distance between the upper end of the slide rail (13) and the inner cover (5) is greater than the thickness of the slide plug (6).

2. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The lower end of the cylinder (1) is closed by a lower cover (12), and the aerosol generating agent (2) is installed in the lower cover (12).

3. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, Features: The lower cover (12) is screwed, bonded or welded to the cylinder (1).

4. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: A connecting cover (14) is provided on the top of the cylinder (1), the spring (4) is installed in the connecting cover (14), and the upper end of the telescopic rod (3) is limited by the connecting cover (14) so ​​that the telescopic rod (3) does not rotate.

5. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 1 or 4, Features: A second limiting portion (31) is provided in the middle of the telescopic rod (3), and the spring (4) abuts against the second limiting portion (31).

6. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The aerosol generating agent (2) is activated by a thermal wire or an electric ignition head.

7. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: A guiding structure is also provided between the slide rail (13) and the first limiting portion (15).

8. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, Features: The guide structure is an extension section (16) arranged at the upper end of the slide rail (13); the extension section (16) is connected to the first limiting portion (15) or is close to the first limiting portion (15); and the height of the protrusion of the extension section (16) is smaller than the height of the protrusion of the slide rail (13).

9. A constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, Features: The guide structure is at least one slide rail (13) extending upwards and connected to the first limiting portion (15) or close to the first limiting portion (15).

10. A fire extinguishing method using a constant pressure spray pulse fire extinguishing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. When thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage unit, the aerosol generator (2) in the fire extinguishing device is activated, and the aerosol generator (2) undergoes a chemical reaction to produce a gaseous fire extinguishing medium; wherein, before the aerosol generator (2) is activated, the spring (4) is in an uncompressed state, and the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (51) are staggered; S2. The pressure in the cylinder (1) gradually increases, and the fire extinguishing medium gas pushes the slide plug (6) to move toward one end of the telescopic rod (3). During this process, the slide groove (61) and the slide rail (13) slide together and seal; S3. The slide plug (6) abuts against the telescopic rod (3). When the pressure of the cylinder (1) reaches a preset pressure, the pressure of the slide plug (6) is greater than the elastic force of the spring (4), and the slide plug (6) pushes the telescopic rod (3) upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover (5) to rotate; S4. When the sliding plug (6) abuts against the first limiting portion (15), the outer nozzle (11) overlaps with the inner nozzle (51), and the sliding plug (6) is separated from the slide rail (13), and the slide groove (61) located on the outer circumference of the sliding plug (6) forms a fire extinguishing medium release channel; S5. The fire extinguishing medium under the slide plug (6) overflows from the slide groove (61) on the outer circumference of the slide plug (6), passes through the gap between the inner cover (5) and the slide plug (6), and is released from the overlapping inner nozzle (51) and outer nozzle (11); S6. When the pressure in the cylinder (1) is reduced to a level that is insufficient to overcome the elastic force of the spring (4), the telescopic rod (3) moves downward under the action of the elastic force of the spring (4), and the inner cover (5) rotates, so that the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (51) are offset, and at the same time, the slide plug (6) returns to the slide rail (13), so that a closed space is formed under the slide plug (6) to store pressure; S7. When the pressure of the sliding plug (6) is greater than the elastic force of the spring (4), the sliding plug (6) pushes the telescopic rod (3) upward and simultaneously drives the inner cover (5) to rotate, and after the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (51) overlap, the fire extinguishing medium is released again; S8. Repeat the process in S6 and S7 to achieve pulse fire extinguishing of the energy storage unit.

Images