Curved photovoltaic piece and photovoltaic building surface

Abstract

A curved photovoltaic piece (100), comprising a power generation layer (30), a current transmission layer (50), a front plate (10), and a back plate (70). The current transmission layer (50) is located on the second side (33) of the power generation layer (30), and the current transmission layer (50) is electrically connected to the power generation layer (30). The front plate (10) is located on the first side (31) of the power generation layer (30). The back plate (70) is located on the side of the current transmission layer (50) away from the power generation layer (30).

Description

Curved photovoltaic components and photovoltaic building surfaces

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application No. 202323081639.0 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on November 14, 2023, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and more specifically, to a curved photovoltaic component and a photovoltaic building surface. Background Art

[0004] Curved photovoltaic tiles were developed to complement traditional building tiles. Initially, these tiles were based on flexible copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) cells. While these cells offer significant flexibility, they only have a power generation efficiency of 12%-14%, resulting in high costs. To improve efficiency and reduce costs, most current curved photovoltaic tiles utilize crystalline silicon cells, which offer higher photoelectric conversion efficiencies. However, due to the brittleness of crystalline silicon cells, which easily break when bent under stress, the ratio of the arc length of the curved segment to the corresponding chord length of the current curved photovoltaic tiles is small, resulting in a smaller curvature and poor fit between the tiles and the building.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a curved photovoltaic element and a photovoltaic building surface, which are at least used to solve the problem that the curved photovoltaic element has a small surface curvature and the fit between the curved photovoltaic element and the building is not high.

[0007] The curved photovoltaic device according to the present invention includes a power generation layer, a current transport layer, a front sheet, and a back sheet. The power generation layer includes a first side and a second side, which are opposite to each other. The current transport layer is located on the second side of the power generation layer and is electrically connected to the power generation layer. The front sheet is located on the first side of the power generation layer. The back sheet is located on the side of the current transport layer away from the power generation layer. The front sheet, power generation layer, current transport layer, and back sheet are stacked in this order.

[0008] In some embodiments, the front plate is a hard light-transmitting plate with a curved surface, and the back plate is a hard plate with the same curved surface as the front plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the front plate is a hard light-transmitting plate with a curved surface, and the back plate is a flat flexible film that can be bent to form the same curved surface as the front plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power generation layer is a planar silicon-based structure, the current transport layer is a metal conductive structure, and both the power generation layer and the metal conductive structure can bend with the front plate to form the same curved surface as the front plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bending radius of the curved photovoltaic device is in the range of [25 mm, 200 mm].

[0012] In some embodiments, the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of a curved segment, or the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of multiple curved segments connected in sequence, or the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is an irregular curve composed of curved segments and straight segments.

[0013] In certain embodiments, when the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of multiple curved segments connected in sequence, the bending directions of the curved segments of two adjacent segments are opposite, and the bending radii of the multiple curved segments are the same; when the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is an irregular curve composed of curved segments and straight segments, the bending directions of the multiple curved segments are the same, and the bending radii of the multiple curved segments are the same.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power generation layer includes a photoelectric conversion layer and an electrode layer, the electrode layer is arranged on the side of the photoelectric conversion layer away from the front plate, the photoelectric conversion layer is used to convert light energy into electrical energy, and the electrode layer is electrically connected to the current transport layer.

[0015] In some embodiments, the electrode layer includes multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes, the positive electrodes are point-shaped, the negative electrodes are point-shaped, the current transport layer is sheet-shaped, and the current transport layer is connected in series and / or in parallel with multiple negative electrodes and multiple positive electrodes.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power generation layer includes multiple sub-power generation layers, and the multiple sub-power generation layers are arranged in an array, each of the sub-power generation layers includes multiple positive electrodes arranged in an array and multiple negative electrodes arranged in an array, and the matrix of the positive electrodes is staggered with the matrix of the negative electrodes; the current transmission layer includes a first sub-section, a second sub-section and a third sub-section, and the first sub-section, the second sub-section and the third sub-section are staggered in sequence and arranged at intervals from each other in the first direction, the first sub-section is used to electrically connect the positive electrode or negative electrode in each sub-power generation layer, and electrically connect the positive electrode and negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the second direction, the second sub-section is used to electrically connect the positive electrode and negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the first direction, and the third sub-section is used to electrically connect the negative electrode or positive electrode in each sub-power generation layer, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0017] In some embodiments, the electrode layer includes multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes, the positive electrodes are linear, the negative electrodes are linear, the current transport layer is linear, and the current transport layer is connected in series and / or in parallel with multiple negative electrodes and multiple positive electrodes.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power generation layer includes multiple sub-power generation layers, and the multiple sub-power generation layers are arranged in an array, and each sub-power generation layer includes multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes arranged along the second direction, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are staggered; the current transmission layer includes multiple first conductive wires, multiple second conductive wires and multiple third conductive wires, and the first conductive wires, the second conductive wires and the third conductive wires are arranged in sequence and spaced in the first direction. The first conductive wire is used to electrically connect the positive electrode or negative electrode of each sub-power generation layer, the second conductive wire is used to electrically connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the first direction, and the third conductive wire is used to electrically connect the positive electrode or negative electrode of each sub-power generation layer, and electrically connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the second direction of the current transmission layer, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0019] In some embodiments, the curved photovoltaic device further includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is used to connect the front panel and the power generation layer, and the second adhesive layer is used to connect the current transmission layer and the back panel.

[0020] The photovoltaic building surface of the embodiment of the present application includes the curved photovoltaic elements described in any of the above embodiments, and adjacent curved photovoltaic elements are connected to each other.

[0021] In the curved photovoltaic device and photovoltaic building surface according to the embodiments of the present application, the current transport layer is only provided on the second side of the power generation layer, while no current transport layer is provided on the first side of the power generation layer. This results in a larger contact area between the first side of the power generation layer and light, a higher utilization rate of light by the power generation layer, and a higher power generation efficiency for the curved photovoltaic device. Furthermore, because the current transport layer is only provided on the second side of the power generation layer, the overall curvature of the power generation layer is larger, and the curvature of the curved photovoltaic device is also larger. Compared to existing curved photovoltaic devices, the curved photovoltaic device according to the embodiments of the present application has a larger curvature, allowing for better conformity to buildings.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] FIG1 is a perspective exploded schematic diagram of a curved photovoltaic device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0025] FIG2 is a perspective exploded schematic diagram of a curved photovoltaic device according to some other embodiments of the present application;

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly of a curved photovoltaic device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly of curved photovoltaic components according to other embodiments of the present application;

[0028] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly of a curved photovoltaic device according to some other embodiments of the present application;

[0029] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power generation layer of a curved photovoltaic device according to certain embodiments of the present application;

[0030] FIG7 is a plan view schematically showing a power generation layer of a curved photovoltaic device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] FIG8 is a plan view of a current transport layer of a curved photovoltaic device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the power generation layer shown in FIG7 and the current transmission layer shown in FIG8;

[0033] FIG10 is a plan view schematically showing a power generation layer of a curved photovoltaic device according to other embodiments of the present application;

[0034] FIG11 is a plan view schematically showing a current transport layer of a curved photovoltaic device according to other embodiments of the present application;

[0035] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the coordination between the power generation layer shown in FIG10 and the current transport layer shown in FIG11 of the present application;

[0036] FIG13 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic building surface according to certain embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0042] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0043] In order to be installed in conjunction with traditional tiles on buildings, curved photovoltaic tiles came into being. The original curved photovoltaic tiles were developed based on flexible copper indium gallium selenide cells. Although copper indium gallium selenide cells have significant flexibility, they only have a power generation efficiency of 12%-14% and are expensive. In order to improve power generation efficiency and reduce costs, most of the current curved photovoltaic tiles use crystalline silicon cells, which have a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, due to the high brittleness of crystalline silicon cells, they are easily broken when bent under force, resulting in a small ratio between the arc length of the curved segment of the current curved photovoltaic tiles and the corresponding chord length, and a small curvature of the curved surface, which results in a low fit between the curved photovoltaic tiles and the building. To solve this problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a curved photovoltaic component 100 (as shown in FIG1 ) and a photovoltaic building surface 1000 (as shown in FIG13 ).

[0044] Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , a curved photovoltaic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application includes a power generation layer 30, a current transport layer 50, a front sheet 10, and a back sheet 70. The power generation layer 30 includes a first side 31 and a second side 33, which are opposite to each other. The current transport layer 50 is located on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30 and is electrically connected to the power generation layer 30. The front sheet 10 is located on the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30. The back sheet 70 is located on the side of the current transport layer 50 away from the power generation layer 30. The front sheet 10, power generation layer 30, current transport layer 50, and back sheet 70 are stacked in this order.

[0045] Specifically, the curved photovoltaic device 100 is used to convert light energy into electricity to power other components and can be used as a structural component of a building. The curved photovoltaic device 100 can be installed on the top or side of a building, generating electricity while also enhancing the building's aesthetics.

[0046] The front sheet 10 is a structure for protecting the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30. The back sheet 70 is a structure for protecting the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30 and the current transport layer 50. Preferably, both the front sheet 10 and the back sheet 70 have a certain mechanical strength and are also waterproof and insulating. This allows them to better protect the power generation layer 30 and the current transport layer 50.

[0047] The power generation layer 30 is a structure that receives and converts light energy into electrical energy. The current transport layer 50 is used to transfer the electrical energy generated by the power generation layer 30 to other circuits, enabling the curved photovoltaic device 100 to charge other components. The current transport layer 50 can be connected to the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30 by welding or bonding with a conductive adhesive. The current transport layer 50 can be made of a metal material, including but not limited to silver and copper. Alternatively, the current transport layer 50 can be made of conductive adhesive or tape.

[0048] In the curved photovoltaic device 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the current transport layer 50 is only provided on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30. The current transport layer 50 is not provided on the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30. As a result, the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30 has a larger contact area with light, the power generation layer 30 utilizes light more efficiently, and the curved photovoltaic device 100 has higher power generation efficiency. Furthermore, because the current transport layer 50 is only provided on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30, the power generation layer 30 as a whole can bend to a larger curvature, and the curved photovoltaic device 100 also has a larger curvature. Compared to existing curved photovoltaic devices, the curved photovoltaic device 100 of the embodiment of the present application has a larger curvature, and the curved photovoltaic device 100 can better fit the building.

[0049] The curved photovoltaic device 100 will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Referring to FIG. 1 , in some embodiments, the front panel 10 is a rigid, light-transmitting panel having a curved surface, and the back panel 70 is a rigid panel having the same curved surface as the front panel 10. The front panel 10 may be, but is not limited to, transparent rigid glass. Preferably, the front panel 10 has a high light transmittance, for example, a light transmittance of 70% or greater, so that most or even all of the light can pass through the front panel 10 and reach the power generation layer 30, thereby enabling the power generation layer 30 to convert the received light energy into electrical energy. For example, the light transmittance of the front panel 10 may be 70%, 73.1%, 75.6%, 77%, 78.5%, 80.3%, 83%, 85.1%, 87.2%, 90.5%, 92.4%, 93.7%, 95.6%, 97.8%, or 100%. In this case, the back panel 70 may be a rigid glass having the same light transmittance as the front panel 10, or a rigid glass having a different light transmittance from the front panel 10. For example, the back panel 70 may be a rigid glass having a light transmittance less than 70%, or may be an opaque rigid glass.

[0051] Referring to Figure 2 , in some other embodiments, the front panel 10 is a rigid, light-transmitting plate with a curved surface, and the back panel 70 is a flat, flexible film that can be bent to form the same curved surface as the front panel 10. In this case, the back panel 70 can be made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a composite material of PET. If the back panel 70 needs to be laminated to the front panel 10, the power generation layer 30, and the current transport layer 50, the flexible back panel 70 can be bent to form the same curved surface as the front panel 10.

[0052] Referring to Figures 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the power generation layer 30 is a planar silicon-based structure, and the current transport layer 50 is a metal conductive structure. Both the power generation layer 30 and the current transport layer 50 can be bent in accordance with the front plate 10 to form a curved surface identical to the front plate 10. The material of the current transport layer 50 can be, but is not limited to, gold, silver, or copper. Both the power generation layer 30 and the current transport layer 50 have a certain degree of bending ability. In the case where both the power generation layer 30 and the current transport layer 50 need to be bonded to the front plate 10, the power generation layer 30 and the current transport layer 50 can be bent into the same curved surface as the front plate 10, so that the front plate 10, the power generation layer 30, the current transport layer 50, and the back plate 70 can be bonded sequentially and tightly.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5. As mentioned above, the front panel 10, the power generation layer 30, the current transfer layer 50 and the back panel 70 are all curved surfaces of the same shape. In some embodiments, the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of a curved segment, as shown in Figure 4. In this case, the curved photovoltaic component 100 is small in size and light in weight, making it easy to carry. In other embodiments, the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of multiple curved segments connected in sequence, as shown in Figure 3. In this case, the curve composed of multiple curved segments is wavy, and the volume of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is large, making it easier to assemble and install the curved photovoltaic component 100 on a building. In some other embodiments, the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a special-shaped curve composed of curved segments and straight segments, as shown in Figure 5. The special-shaped curve is formed by connecting curved segments and straight segments in sequence. The curved photovoltaic component 100 is more beautiful as a whole, and the installation between multiple curved photovoltaic components 100 is more stable.

[0054] Referring to Figures 1 to 3 , in certain embodiments, the curvature radius of the curved photovoltaic device 100 ranges from 25 mm to 200 mm. The curvature radius of the curved photovoltaic device 100 refers to the curvature radius of each curved segment (each curved segment in the curved photovoltaic device 100 has the same curvature radius). In the curved photovoltaic device 100, the curvature radius of the front panel 10, the curvature radius of the power generation layer 30, the curvature radius of the current transport layer 50, and the curvature radius of the back panel 70 are all the same.

[0055] Specifically, the bending radius of the curved photovoltaic device 100 can be 25 mm, 38.6 mm, 43.7 mm, 50 mm, 63.4 mm, 70.8 mm, 81.3 mm, 98.7 mm, 101 mm, 109.2 mm, 112.5 mm, 120.9 mm, 136.7 mm, 162.1 mm, or 200 mm. If the bending radius of the curved photovoltaic device 100 is less than 25 mm, the power generation layer 30 in the curved photovoltaic device 100 is at risk of breaking. If the bending radius of the curved photovoltaic device 100 is greater than 200 mm, the curvature of the curved photovoltaic device 100 is not obvious, the aesthetics are not good, and the fit with the building is not high. When the bending radius of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is in the range of [25mm, 200mm], the curved curvature of the curved photovoltaic component 100 is more obvious, the aesthetics are better, the fit with the building is higher, and the power generation layer 30 is not easy to break.

[0056] Referring to FIG3 , in some embodiments, when the longitudinal projection of a curved surface is a curve composed of multiple sequentially connected curved segments, the curvature directions of two adjacent curved segments are opposite, and the curvature radii of the multiple curved segments are the same. For example, when the first curved segment of a curved photovoltaic device 100 is shaped like a downward-opening parabola (with the middle portion of the curved segment convex upward), the second curved segment adjacent to the first curved segment is shaped like a upward-opening parabola (with the middle portion of the curved segment concave downward), the third curved segment adjacent to the second curved segment is shaped like a downward-opening parabola (with the middle portion of the curved segment convex upward), and the fourth curved segment adjacent to the third curved segment is shaped like a upward-opening parabola (with the middle portion of the curved segment concave downward). Similarly, the shape of the curve composed of the multiple curved segments is wavy. Furthermore, the curvature radius of each curved segment is the same. For example, if the curvature radius of the first curved segment is 70.8 mm, the curvature radius of the second, third, and remaining curved segments is also 70.8 mm. Alternatively, the bending radius of the first curved segment is 120 mm, and the bending radius of the second curved segment, the third curved segment and the remaining curved segments are also 120 mm.

[0057] Referring to Figure 5 , in other embodiments, when the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a shaped curve composed of curved segments and straight segments, the multiple curved segments have the same curvature direction and the same curvature radius. For example, the multiple curved segments may all be shaped like downward-opening parabolas (with the middle portion of the curved segments convex upward), with adjacent curved segments connected by straight segments. The curvature radius of the multiple curved segments may be, but is not limited to, 63.4 mm, 70.8 mm, 76.8 mm, 81.3 mm, 83.5 mm, or 91.6 mm.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 1 and 6. In some embodiments, the power generation layer 30 includes a photoelectric conversion layer 35 and an electrode layer 37. The electrode layer 37 is arranged on the side of the photoelectric conversion layer 35 away from the front panel 10. The photoelectric conversion layer 35 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The electrode layer 37 is electrically connected to the current transport layer 50.

[0059] Specifically, the photoelectric conversion layer 35 of the present application is crystalline silicon. The photoelectric conversion layer 35 is used to receive light energy and convert it into electrical energy. The electrical energy generated by the photoelectric conversion layer 35 is transmitted to the current transmission layer 50 through the electrode layer 37, and is transmitted to other circuits by the current transmission layer 50.

[0060] Referring to Figures 7 and 10 , the electrode layer 37 includes a positive electrode 371 and a negative electrode 373. The current transport layer 50 connects the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 of the electrode layer 37. Because both the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 are located on the side of the photoelectric conversion layer 35 facing away from the front panel 10, the current transport layer 50 need only be located on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30. When the current transport layer 50 is located on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30, the side of the power generation layer 30 closest to the front panel 10 is not obstructed by the current transport layer 50, thereby enhancing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photoelectric conversion layer 35 and improving the overall aesthetics of the power generation layer 30.

[0061] The positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 of the present application are both made of metal materials, and the metal materials may be, but are not limited to, gold, silver or copper. The thickness of the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 arranged on the side of the photoelectric conversion layer 35 away from the front plate 10 may be, but are not limited to, 23μm, 30μm, 54μm, 70μm or 82μm, etc. Preferably, the thickness of the positive electrode 371 is the same as the thickness of the negative electrode 373, so that the current transfer layer 50 can be well bonded to both the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373. The electrical connection method between the positive electrode 371 and the current transfer layer 50 may be, but is not limited to, welding or ohmic contact, etc., and the electrical connection method between the negative electrode 373 and the current transfer layer 50 may be, but is not limited to, welding or ohmic contact, etc.

[0062] The positive and negative electrodes of the power generation layer used in current curved photovoltaic devices are respectively arranged on the first and second sides of the power generation layer, and the current transfer layer thereof needs to span the first and second sides of the power generation layer. When the power generation layer is bent, the current transfer layer tends to pull the power generation layer, resulting in a smaller curvature of the power generation layer and even causing the power generation layer to break. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in the curved photovoltaic device 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the current transfer layer 50 is only arranged on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30. When the power generation layer 30 is bent, the current transfer layer 50 does not pull the power generation layer 30, so that the power generation layer 30 can bend to a larger curvature. The curved photovoltaic device 100 can bend to a larger curvature and can reduce the risk of the power generation layer 30 breaking.

[0063] Referring to FIGS. 1, 7 and 8, in some embodiments, the electrode layer 37 includes a plurality of positive electrodes 371 and a plurality of negative electrodes 373. The positive electrodes 371 are dot-shaped, the negative electrodes 373 are dot-shaped, the current transmission layer 50 is sheet-shaped, and the current transmission layer 50 is connected in series and / or in parallel with the plurality of negative electrodes 373 and the plurality of positive electrodes 371. In this embodiment, the sheet-shaped current transmission layer 50 connects in series the plurality of positive electrodes 371 and the plurality of negative electrodes 373 of the electrode layer 37.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 7, specifically, the power generation layer 30 includes a plurality of sub-power generation layers 39. The plurality of sub-power generation layers 39 are arranged in an array. Each sub-power generation layer 39 includes a plurality of positive electrodes 371 arranged in an array and a plurality of negative electrodes 373 arranged in an array. The matrix of the positive electrodes 371 and the matrix of the negative electrodes 373 are staggered in rows. Among them, the number of sub-power generation layers 39 can be two, three, four, six or more. When there are three sub-power generation layers 39, the three sub-power generation layers 39 are connected in sequence to form an arrangement of three rows and one column. When there are four sub-power generation layers 39, the four sub-power generation layers 39 can be connected in sequence to form an arrangement of four rows and one column, and the four sub-power generation layers 39 can also be arranged to form an arrangement of two rows and two columns ("field" shape). When there are six sub-power generation layers 39, the six sub-power generation layers 39 can be connected in sequence to form an arrangement of six rows and one column, and the six sub-power generation layers 39 can also be arranged to form an arrangement of two rows and three columns. In this application, there are six sub-power generation layers 39, and the six sub-power generation layers 39 are arranged to form an arrangement of two rows and three columns.

[0065] The plurality of positive electrodes 371 on each sub-power generation layer 39 of this application are arranged to form an arrangement of three rows and four columns, the plurality of negative electrodes 373 on each sub-power generation layer 39 are also arranged to form an arrangement of three rows and four columns, and a row-staggered arrangement is formed between the positive electrodes 371 and the negative electrodes 373.

[0066] Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, when the positive electrodes 371 and the negative electrodes 373 are dot-shaped, the current transmission layer 50 is sheet-shaped and includes a first sub-part 51, a second sub-part 53 and a third sub-part 55. The first sub-part 51, the second sub-part 53 and the third sub-part 55 are alternately arranged at intervals in the first direction X. The first sub-part 51 is used to electrically connect the positive electrodes 371 or negative electrodes 373 in each sub-power generation layer 39, and to electrically connect the positive electrodes 371 and negative electrodes 373 of two adjacent sub-power generation layers 39 in the second direction Y. The second sub-part 53 is used to electrically connect the positive electrodes 371 and negative electrodes 373 of two adjacent sub-power generation layers 39 in the first direction X. The third sub-part 55 is used to electrically connect the negative electrodes 373 or positive electrodes 371 in each sub-power generation layer 39. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular.

[0067] Specifically, as shown in FIG9 , with six sub-power generation layers 39 arranged in two rows and three columns, the first sub-section 51, second sub-section 53, and third sub-section 55 are sequentially arranged in the first direction X and separated by "S"-shaped grooves. One first sub-section 51 is electrically connected to all positive electrodes 371 on the sub-power generation layer (a) 39, and another first sub-section 51 is electrically connected to all negative electrodes 373 on the sub-power generation layer (d) 39. The two first sub-sections 51 are electrically connected, and the two first sub-sections 51 are used to connect the sub-power generation layer (a) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (d) 39 in series. The second sub-portion 53 electrically connects all the negative electrodes 373 on the sub-power generation layer (a) 39 and all the positive electrodes 371 on the sub-power generation layer (b) 39, all the negative electrodes 373 on the sub-power generation layer (b) 39 and all the positive electrodes 371 on the sub-power generation layer (c) 39, all the positive electrodes 371 on the sub-power generation layer (d) 39 and all the negative electrodes 373 on the sub-power generation layer (e) 39, and all the positive electrodes 371 on the sub-power generation layer (e) 39 and all the negative electrodes 373 on the sub-power generation layer (f) 39. The second sub-portion 53 is used to connect the sub-power generation layer (a) 39 and the sub-power generation layer 39(b) in series, the sub-power generation layer (b) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (c) 39 in series, the sub-power generation layer (d) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (e) 39 in series, and the sub-power generation layer (e) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (f) 39 in series. One third subsection 55 electrically connects all the negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (c) 39, and another third subsection 55 electrically connects all the positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (f) 39. The first subsection 51, the second subsection 53, and the third subsection 55 connect all the sub-power generation layers 39 in series. Ultimately, the positive electrodes 371 and the negative electrodes 373 are drawn out from the two third subsections 55, respectively, and connected to an external circuit to form a loop, thereby allowing electrical energy from the power generation layer 30 to flow to other devices through the current transport layer 50.

[0068] 2 , 10 , and 11 , in other embodiments, the electrode layer 37 includes multiple positive electrodes 371 and multiple negative electrodes 373, wherein the positive electrodes 371 are linear, the negative electrodes 373 are linear, and the current transport layer 50 is linear. The current transport layer 50 is connected in series and / or in parallel to the multiple negative electrodes 373 and the multiple positive electrodes 371. In this embodiment, the linear current transport layer 50 connects the multiple positive electrodes 371 and the multiple negative electrodes 373 of the electrode layer 37 in series.

[0069] Please refer to FIG. 10. Specifically, the power generation layer 30 includes a plurality of sub-power generation layers 39, which are arranged in an array. Each sub-power generation layer 39 includes a plurality of positive electrodes 371 arranged along the second direction Y of the current transmission layer 50 and a plurality of negative electrodes 373 arranged along the second direction Y of the current transmission layer 50. The positive electrodes 371 and the negative electrodes 373 are arranged in an alternating manner. Among them, the number of sub-power generation layers 39 can be two, three, four, six or more. When the number of sub-power generation layers 39 is three, the three sub-power generation layers 39 are sequentially connected to form an arrangement in one column and three rows. When the number of sub-power generation layers 39 is four, the four sub-power generation layers 39 can be sequentially connected to form an arrangement in one column and four rows, or the four sub-power generation layers 39 can be arranged to form an arrangement in two rows and two columns (a "square" shape). When the number of sub-power generation layers 39 is six, the six sub-power generation layers 39 can be sequentially connected to form an arrangement in one column and six rows, or the six sub-power generation layers 39 can be arranged to form an arrangement in two rows and three columns. In the present application, the number of sub-power generation layers 39 is six, and the six sub-power generation layers 39 are arranged to form an arrangement in two rows and three columns.

[0070] The number of positive electrodes 371 on each sub-power generation layer 39 can be two, three, four or more, and the number of negative electrodes 373 on each sub-power generation layer 39 is the same as the number of positive electrodes 371. In this embodiment, the number of positive electrodes 371 and negative electrodes 373 on each sub-power generation layer 39 is four. The four positive electrodes 371 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the second direction Y, the four negative electrodes 373 are arranged at intervals in sequence along the second direction Y, and a row-interleaved arrangement form is formed between the positive electrodes 371 and the negative electrodes 373.

[0071] Please refer to FIGS. 11 and 12. When both the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 are linear, the current transmission layer 50 is linear and includes a plurality of first conductive wires 57, a plurality of second conductive wires 58 and a plurality of third conductive wires 59. The first conductive wires 57, the second conductive wires 58 and the third conductive wires 59 are alternately arranged at intervals in the first direction X, and the first conductive wires 57 are used to electrically connect the positive electrode 371 or the negative electrode 373 of each sub-power generation layer 39, the second conductive wires 58 are used to electrically connect the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 of two adjacent sub-power generation layers 39 in the first direction X, and the third conductive wires 59 are used to electrically connect the positive electrode 371 or the negative electrode 373 of each sub-power generation layer 39 and to electrically connect the positive electrode 371 and the negative electrode 373 adjacent in the second direction Y.

[0072] As shown in FIG12 , the second conductive wire 58 electrically connects all the positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (a) 39 and all the negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (b) 39, all the positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (b) 39 and all the negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (c) 39, all the negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (d) 39 and all the positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (e) 39, and all the negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (e) 39 and all the positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (f) 39. The second conductive wire 58 is used to connect the sub-power generation layer (a) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (b) 39 in series, the sub-power generation layer (b) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (c) 39 in series, the sub-power generation layer (d) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (e) 39 in series, and the sub-power generation layer (e) 39 and the sub-power generation layer (f) 39 in series. The third conductive wire 59 electrically connects all positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (c) 39 and all negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (f) 39. The third conductive wire 59 is used to connect sub-power generation layer (c) 39 and sub-power generation layer (f) 39 in series. One first conductive wire 57 electrically connects all negative electrodes 373 of the sub-power generation layer (a) 39, and another first conductive wire 57 electrically connects all positive electrodes 371 of the sub-power generation layer (d) 39. The first conductive wire 57, second conductive wire 58, and third conductive wire 59 connect all sub-power generation layers 39 in series. Ultimately, the positive electrodes 371 and negative electrodes 373 are drawn from the two first conductive wires 57, respectively, and connected to an external circuit, allowing electrical energy from the power generation layer 30 to flow to other devices through the current transport layer 50.

[0073] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the curved photovoltaic component 100 also includes a first adhesive layer 20 and a second adhesive layer 60. The first adhesive layer 20 is used to connect the front panel 10 and the power generation layer 30, and the second adhesive layer 60 is used to connect the current transmission layer 50 and the back panel 70.

[0074] Specifically, the first adhesive layer 20 is used to tightly connect the front panel 10 and the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30, and the second adhesive layer 60 is used to tightly connect the current transport layer 50 and the back panel 70, thereby ensuring a tight connection between the various structures of the curved photovoltaic device 100. Preferably, the first adhesive layer 20 can be an optically transparent adhesive to minimize light loss during its passage through the front panel 10 and the first adhesive layer 20 to the power generation layer 30. For example, the light transmittance of the first adhesive layer 20 can be greater than or equal to 70%, and the light transmittance of the first adhesive layer 2030 can be 70%, 72.5%, 76.8%, 79.4%, 81%, 83.6%, 85.4%, 87.1%, 91.2%, 94.7%, 95.8%, 97.4%, or 100%. The optically transparent adhesive includes, but is not limited to, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin (POE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), silica gel, and the like.

[0075] The second adhesive layer 60 can be light-transmissive or opaque. If the second adhesive layer 60 is light-transmissive, it can be made of the same optically transparent adhesive as the first adhesive layer 20. If the second adhesive layer 60 is opaque, it can be made of a transparent cutoff adhesive film or a black adhesive film. The black adhesive film is nearly opaque, while the transparent cutoff adhesive film has a light transmittance of 30% or less.

[0076] Referring to Figure 13 , a photovoltaic building surface 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application includes curved photovoltaic elements 100 according to any of the aforementioned embodiments, with adjacent curved photovoltaic elements 100 interconnected. When waterproofing is required, the overlap area required between adjacent curved photovoltaic elements 100 is smaller compared to flat photovoltaic elements, resulting in a larger area of ​​contact with light and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0077] In the photovoltaic building surface 1000 according to the embodiment of the present application, the current transport layer 50 is only provided on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30. No current transport layer 50 is provided on the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30. As a result, the first side 31 of the power generation layer 30 has a larger contact area with light, the power generation layer 30 utilizes light more efficiently, and the curved photovoltaic device 100 has a higher power generation efficiency. Furthermore, because the current transport layer 50 is only provided on the second side 33 of the power generation layer 30, the power generation layer 30 as a whole can bend to a larger curvature, and the curved photovoltaic device 100 also has a larger curvature. Compared to conventional curved photovoltaic devices 100, the curved photovoltaic device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application has a larger curvature, allowing for better conformity to buildings.

[0078] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be combined in any manner. To simplify the description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there are no conflicts in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. Furthermore, other implementations can be derived from the above-described embodiments, allowing for structural and logical substitutions and changes without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0079] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A curved photovoltaic device, wherein: include: A power generation layer, the power generation layer comprising a first side and a second side opposite to each other; a current transport layer, the current transport layer being located on the second side of the power generation layer and being electrically connected to the power generation layer; A front plate, the front plate being located on a first side of the power generation layer; and A back plate is located on a side of the current transport layer away from the power generation layer, and the front plate, the power generation layer, the current transport layer and the back plate are stacked in sequence.

2. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein: The front plate is a hard light-transmitting plate with a curved surface, and the back plate is a hard plate with the same curved surface as the front plate; or The front plate is a hard light-transmitting plate with a curved surface, and the back plate is a flat flexible film that can be bent to form the same curved surface as the front plate.

3. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 2, wherein: The power generation layer is a planar silicon-based structure, the current transmission layer is a metal conductive structure, and both the power generation layer and the metal conductive structure can be bent in accordance with the shape of the front plate to form a curved surface having the same shape as the front plate.

4. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 3, wherein: The bending radius of the curved photovoltaic device ranges from [25 mm to 200 mm].

5. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 3, wherein: The longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of one curved segment, or a curve composed of multiple curved segments connected in sequence, or a special-shaped curve composed of curved segments and straight segments.

6. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 5, wherein: When the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is a curve composed of multiple curved segments connected in sequence, the bending directions of the curved segments of two adjacent segments are opposite, and the bending radii of the multiple curved segments are the same; when the longitudinal projection of the curved surface is an irregular curve composed of curved segments and straight segments, the bending directions of the multiple curved segments are the same, and the bending radii of the multiple curved segments are the same.

7. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein: The power generation layer includes a photoelectric conversion layer and an electrode layer. The electrode layer is disposed on a side of the photoelectric conversion layer away from the front plate. The photoelectric conversion layer is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The electrode layer is electrically connected to the current transmission layer.

8. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 7, wherein: The electrode layer includes a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes, wherein the positive electrodes are in point shape, the negative electrodes are in point shape, and the current transport layer is in sheet shape, wherein the current transport layer connects a plurality of the negative electrodes and a plurality of the positive electrodes in series and / or in parallel.

9. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 8, wherein: The power generation layer includes a plurality of sub-power generation layers, and the plurality of sub-power generation layers are arranged in an array, and each of the sub-power generation layers includes a plurality of positive electrodes arranged in an array and a plurality of negative electrodes arranged in an array, and the matrix of the positive electrodes is staggered with the matrix of the negative electrodes; the current transmission layer includes a first sub-portion, a second sub-portion and a third sub-portion, and the first sub-portion, the second sub-portion and the third sub-portion are staggered in sequence and arranged at intervals from each other in the first direction, the first sub-portion is used to electrically connect the positive electrode or negative electrode in each of the sub-power generation layers, and to electrically connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the second direction, the second sub-portion is used to electrically connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the first direction, and the third sub-portion is used to electrically connect the negative electrode or positive electrode in each of the sub-power generation layers, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

10. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 7, wherein: The electrode layer comprises a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes, wherein the positive electrodes are linear, the negative electrodes are linear, the current transport layer is linear, and the current transport layer connects a plurality of the negative electrodes and a plurality of the positive electrodes in series and / or in parallel.

11. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 10, wherein: The power generation layer includes a plurality of sub-power generation layers, and the plurality of sub-power generation layers are arranged in an array, and each of the sub-power generation layers includes a plurality of positive electrodes and a plurality of negative electrodes arranged along a second direction, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes are arranged alternately; the current transmission layer includes a plurality of first conductive wires, a plurality of second conductive wires and a plurality of third conductive wires, and the first conductive wires, the second conductive wires and the third conductive wires are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the first direction, the first conductive wires are used to electrically connect the positive electrode or the negative electrode of each sub-power generation layer, the second conductive wires are used to electrically connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the first direction, and the third conductive wires are used to electrically connect the positive electrode or the negative electrode of each sub-power generation layer, and electrically connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of two adjacent sub-power generation layers in the second direction of the current transmission layer, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

12. The curved photovoltaic device according to claim 1, wherein: The curved photovoltaic component further includes a first adhesive layer and a second adhesive layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is used to connect the front plate and the power generation layer, and the second adhesive layer is used to connect the current transmission layer and the back plate.

13. A photovoltaic building surface, wherein: It comprises a plurality of curved photovoltaic elements as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein adjacent curved photovoltaic elements are interconnected.

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