Energy management method and system, computer device, and readable storage medium

Abstract

An energy management method and system, a computer device, and a readable storage medium. The energy management method comprises obtaining a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supply device; obtaining a current power change rate of the first energy supply device on the basis of the first current output power and the previous output power; obtaining a first reference power of the first energy supply device on the basis of the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; obtaining a second current output power of a second energy supply device; and obtaining a second reference power of the second energy supply device on the basis of the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; obtaining a current flow velocity of a first gas, a current flow velocity of a second gas, and a current furnace temperature; and obtaining a reference flow velocity of the first gas and a reference furnace temperature on the basis of the current flow velocity of the first gas, the current flow velocity of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature.

Description

Energy management method, system, computer device and readable storage medium Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of hybrid energy storage, and in particular to an energy management method, system, computer device, and readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) utilize hydrogen as a power source and are currently used in various vehicles and other electrical devices. To increase the dynamic power and power density of fuel cells, they are often combined with other energy sources (such as supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries) to ensure better performance in vehicles and other electrical devices.

[0003] However, during the use of fuel cells and other energy suppliers, an imbalance in energy supply may occur, which not only reduces the operating efficiency of the entire equipment, but also reduces the operating efficiency and service life of each energy supplier and increases power consumption.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy management method, including: obtaining a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supply; obtaining a current power change rate of the first energy supply based on the first current output power and the previous output power; obtaining a first reference power of the first energy supply based on the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; obtaining a second current output power of a second energy supply; obtaining a second reference power of the second energy supply based on the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; obtaining a current flow rate of a first gas, a current flow rate of a second gas and a current furnace temperature; wherein the first energy supply is connected to a gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into a second gas by the gas conversion device, the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supply, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device; obtaining a reference flow rate and a reference furnace temperature of the first gas based on the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature.

[0006] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy management system, including an acquisition module and a processing module. The acquisition module is used to acquire the first current output power and the previous output power of the first energy supply, acquire the current flow rate and the current furnace temperature of the first gas, and acquire the current flow rate of the second gas; the processing module is used to acquire the current power change rate of the first energy supply based on the first current output power and the previous output power; the processing module is also used to acquire the first reference power of the first energy supply based on the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; the acquisition module is also used to acquire the second current output power of the second energy supply; the processing module is also used to acquire the second reference power of the second energy supply based on the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; the processing module is also used to acquire the reference flow rate and reference furnace temperature of the first gas based on the current flow rate of the first gas, the current furnace temperature and the current flow rate of the second gas.

[0007] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer device, including a processor, a memory, and an input / output interface; the processor is connected to the memory and the input / output interface, respectively, wherein the input / output interface is used to receive and output data, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call the computer program so that the computer device executes the energy management method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0008] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. The computer program is suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor, so that a computer device having the processor executes the energy management method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0009] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the energy management method of the embodiment of the present disclosure has at least one of the following advantages and positive effects:

[0010] In the disclosed embodiment, a first reference power of the first energy supply is obtained by using the first current output power, the previous output power, and the current power change rate. The first reference power adapts to the power change rate of the first energy supply, thereby improving the operating efficiency and service life of the first energy supply. A second reference power of the second energy supply is obtained based on the first current output power, the second current output power, and the first reference power. Furthermore, the first gas reference flow rate and the reference furnace temperature are obtained based on the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature. This achieves power allocation between the first and second energy supplies, optimizes the distribution of load power, balances the energy supply of the first and second energy supplies, and allows for efficient operation, reduced energy consumption, and extended service lives of both energy supplies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The above and other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail example embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] FIG1 is a flowchart of an energy management method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG2 is a diagram showing an energy conversion architecture for hybrid applications of an ammonia-driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG3 is a control architecture diagram of an energy management method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the output power and the operating efficiency of a PEM fuel cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0016] FIG5 is a flow chart showing the control of furnace temperature, ammonia flow rate, and hydrogen flow rate according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0017] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between ammonia, hydrogen, and furnace temperature according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG7 is an energy conversion architecture diagram of an ammonia-driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid application according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG8 is a diagram showing an energy conversion architecture of an ammonia-driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid application according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG9 is a block diagram of an energy management system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The terms "first," "second," and the like in this disclosure are used merely as labels and are not intended to limit the numerical values ​​of the objects to which they refer. The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not necessarily include all contents and operations / steps, nor do they necessarily require execution in the order described. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, while others may be combined or partially combined. Therefore, the actual execution order may vary depending on the actual situation.

[0022] As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an energy management method. This energy management method can be applied to an ammonia-powered PEM fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle, as shown in Figure 2, to ensure efficient operation of the hybrid electric vehicle's hybrid power supply. While the present embodiment uses a PEM fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle as an example, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The energy management method can also be applied to other hybrid electric devices.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 2 , the architecture of an ammonia-driven PEM fuel cell hybrid application may include a first energy supply device 1 , a second energy supply device 2 , a load, and an energy management system 900 .

[0024] The first energy supply device 1 includes a gas conversion device 11 and a fuel cell device 12. The gas conversion device 11 may include an ammonia tank 111, a flow controller 112, a furnace 113, a furnace controller 114, a gas purifier 115, and a gas buffer 116. The fuel cell device 12 may include a PEM fuel cell 121, a fuel cell controller 122, and a power conditioner 123. The second energy supply device 2 may include an ultracapacitor 21, an ultracapacitor manager 22, a power converter 23, a battery 24, and a battery manager 25. The load may include a motor 3, a motor controller 4, and / or an auxiliary device 5.

[0025] The ammonia tank 111 is used to store ammonia (NH3) and output ammonia to the flow controller 112. The flow controller 112 is used to control the flow of ammonia and can measure the flow rate of ammonia in real time. * Q a And provide it to the energy management system 900, receive the ammonia flow rate reference value sent by the energy management system 900 * Q ar , to regulate the ammonia flow rate and deliver the regulated ammonia to the furnace 113. The furnace controller 114 is used to control the temperature of the furnace 113 so that the furnace 113 decomposes the ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen, and outputs the hydrogen, nitrogen and a small amount of ammonia to the gas purifier 115. The furnace controller 114 can measure the furnace temperature of the furnace 113 in real time. * T f and its input power * P f And send it to the energy management system 900, receive the reference furnace temperature of the furnace 113 fed back by the energy management system 900 * T fr , the real-time input power of the furnace controller 114 is P f The gas purifier 115 removes ammonia from the mixed gas of hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia and outputs the hydrogen and nitrogen to the gas buffer 116 . The gas buffer 116 is used to maintain a stable gas flow and provide hydrogen and nitrogen to the PEM fuel cell 121 .

[0026] The PEM fuel cell 121 is used to convert hydrogen into electrical energy and can measure the flow rate of hydrogen in real time. * Q h ,Will * Q hThe hydrogen flow rate is positively correlated with the electrical energy generated by the PEM fuel cell 121. The fuel cell controller 122 is used to provide power to the auxiliary components in the PEM fuel cell 121 and to send its own input power measured in real time to the energy management system 900. * P fcc The power regulator 123 is used to regulate the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 and to measure its own output power in real time. * P pcuh Send to the energy management system 900, receive the reference output power of the power regulator 123 sent by the energy management system 900 * P fcr .

[0027] The power converter 23 is used to adjust the output power P of the supercapacitor 21. sc And send the real-time measured high-end power of the power converter 23 to the energy management system 900 * P pch , and receiving the power converter high-end power reference value sent by the energy management system 900 * P scr The power converter 23 has a high voltage end and a low voltage end, and the high-end power refers to the power of the high voltage end of the power converter 23. The supercapacitor manager 22 is used to monitor the operation of the supercapacitor 21 and provide the energy management system 900 with a real-time measured energy state ( * SOE) and output power P sc .

[0028] The battery manager 25 monitors the operation of the battery 24. The output power of the battery 24 is P b , the battery manager 25 measures the output power of the battery 24 in real time as * P b and battery status ( * SOC), and * P b and * The SOC is sent to the energy management system 900. The battery 24 can automatically meet the power changes of the auxiliary device 5. The input power of the auxiliary device 5 is expressed as P ad express.

[0029] The motor controller 4 is used to adjust the output power of the motor 3. The input power of the motor controller 4 is P mc , the motor controller 4 can measure its input power in real time * P mc And send it to the energy management system 900.

[0030] The PEM fuel cell 121, supercapacitor 21, and battery 24 are used to provide power to the motor controller 4, furnace controller 114, fuel cell controller 122, and auxiliary equipment 5, and absorb braking energy (under braking conditions) through the motor 3 and motor controller 4. The supercapacitor 21 and battery 24 can also receive power from the PEM fuel cell 121 to maintain stable operation of the entire electric vehicle.

[0031] As shown in FIG1 , the energy management method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps S100 to S700 .

[0032] S100: Obtaining a first current output power of a first energy supplier * P fc (t k ) and the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ).

[0033] As shown in FIG3 , the first current output power * P fc (t k ) and the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ) are the current time t of the first energy supplier k and the previous moment t k-1 The output power processed according to the load power and the state of the second energy supplier is processed by the optimization allocation controller 60 shown in Figure 3 (the specific processing process is shown in Tables 1 to 5 below). For example, as shown in Figure 3, the load power can be the input power of the motor controller 4 measured in real time. * P mc , real-time measurement of the input power of the fuel cell controller 122 * P fcc and real-time measurement of the input power of the furnace controller 114 * P f The first energy supplier may be a PEM fuel cell 121, the second energy supplier may include a supercapacitor 21 and / or a battery 24, and the state of the second energy supplier may include the energy state of the supercapacitor 21 measured in real time. * SOE and / or state of charge of the battery measured in real time * SOC. SOE (State of Energy) refers to the ratio of the supercapacitor's current remaining energy (releasable energy) to its rated energy, reflecting its remaining capacity. SOC (State of Charge) refers to the ratio of the battery's current remaining charge to its rated charge, reflecting its remaining capacity.

[0034] Among them, tk represents the current time, t k-1 Represents the previous moment, k ≥ 1 and is a positive integer.

[0035] S200: According to the first current output power * P fc (t k ) and the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ), obtain the current power change rate R of the first energy supplier pfc (t k ).

[0036] R can be obtained according to the following formula (1): pfc (t k ):

[0037] S300: According to the first current output power * P fc (t k ), the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ) and the current power change rate R pfc (t k ), obtain a first reference power of the first energy supply.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 3 , S300 may include the following contents A1 to A5 .

[0039] A1: Obtain a first preset power threshold of a first energy supplier.

[0040] As shown in FIG3 , the first preset power threshold may include a first preset maximum power value P fc,max and the first preset minimum power value P fc,min , that is, the first energy supplier is at P fc,min With P fc,max The first power preset threshold can be set according to the actual operation of the first energy supplier. For example, the first energy supplier can be a PEM fuel cell. When the rated power of the PEM fuel cell is 18kW, P fc,min =7kW, P fc,max =20kW, when the rated power of the PEM fuel cell is other values, P fc,min With P fc,max It will also change, and there is no special limitation here.

[0041] A2: According to the first current output power * P fc (t k) and the first preset power threshold, obtain the first current limit power of the first energy supply * P fcl (t k ).

[0042] As shown in Figure 3, due to * P fc (t k ) is an optimized value and may not be within the first preset threshold range. It needs to be limited to the first preset threshold range to ensure normal operation.

[0043] The first current limit power is obtained according to the fuel cell power limiter 10 * P fcl (t k ), if P fc,min ≤ * P fcl (t k )≤P fc,max ,but * P fcl (t k )= * P fc (t k );like * P fcl (t k )>P fc,max ,but * P fcl (t k )=P fc,max ;like * P fcl (t k ) is less than P fc,min ,but * P fcl (t k )=P fc,min .

[0044] A3: According to the previous output power * P fc (t k-1 ) and the first preset power threshold, obtain the previous limit power of the first energy supply * P fcl (t k-1 ).

[0045] As shown in FIG3 , the previous limit power is obtained by the fuel cell power limiter 10. * P fcl (t k-1 ), if P fc,min ≤ * P fcl (t k-1)≤P fc,max ,but * P fcl (t k-1 )= * P fc (t k-1 );like * P fcl (t k-1 )>P fc,max ,but * P fcl (t k-1 )=P fc,max ;like * P fcl (t k-1 ) is less than P fc,min ,but * P fcl (t k-1 )=P fc,min .

[0046] A4: Obtain a power change rate threshold of the first energy supplier.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first energy supplier may include a PEM fuel cell 121 for providing low dynamic power, and the second energy supplier may include a supercapacitor 21 for providing high dynamic power. Dynamic power refers to the power level that changes over time. For example, when the rate of change of the load power is large (such as a sudden increase in the load power), this situation is highly dynamic, and the second energy supplier is preferentially used to provide electrical energy. When the rate of change of the load power is small, that is, the load power is relatively stable, this situation is low dynamic, and the first energy supplier is preferentially used to provide electrical energy.

[0048] That is, the rate of change of the output power of the second energy supplier is greater than the rate of change of the output power of the first energy supplier. The power change rate threshold of the first energy supplier includes the maximum power change rate R pfc,max and the minimum power change rate R pfc,min For example, when the rated power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is 30 kW, R pfc,min Can be -4kW / s, R pfc,max It can be 4kW / s, and the current power change rate of the first energy supplier R pfc (t k ) is between the maximum and minimum values, the output power of the first energy supplier is low dynamic power. Referring to FIG2 , the method disclosed herein enables the PEM fuel cell 121 to provide low dynamic load demand, the supercapacitor 21 to provide high dynamic load demand and low dynamic load demand, and the battery 24 to provide both high dynamic load demand and low dynamic load demand, and limits the rate of change of the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 to R pfc,min ~Rpfc,max Within the low dynamic range between, the power demand beyond this range is allocated to the supercapacitor 21, and the power demand beyond the limited power range of the supercapacitor 21 is allocated to the battery 24, so that each energy supplier can cooperate with each other under different load requirements to improve operating efficiency.

[0049] A5: According to the first current limit power * P fcl (t k ), the previous limit power * P fcl (t k-1 ), current power change rate R pfc (t k ) and the power change rate threshold to obtain a first reference power.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, A5 may include the following contents B1 to B2.

[0051] B1: According to the maximum power change rate R pfc,max and the minimum power change rate R pfc,min , obtain the maximum dynamic power variable ΔP of the first energy supplier fc,max and minimum dynamic power variation ΔP fc,min .

[0052] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, ΔP fc,max =R pfc,max *(t k -t k-1 ), P fc,min =R pfc,min *(t k -t k-1 ).

[0053] B2: According to the current power change rate R pfc (t k ), maximum power change rate R pfc,max , minimum power change rate R pfc,min , First current limit power * P fcl (t k ), the previous limit power * P fcl (t k-1 ), maximum dynamic power variable ΔP fc,max and minimum dynamic power variation ΔP fc,min , obtain the first reference power * P fcr .

[0054] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to obtain the first reference power * P fcr, B2 may include the following contents.

[0055] As shown in FIG3 , the first reference power is obtained by using the high dynamic power limiter 20. * P fcr If R pfc,min ≤R pfc (t k ) ≤R pfc,max ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k ); if R pfc (t k )<R pfc,min ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k-1 )+ΔP fc,min If R pfc (t k )>R pfc,max ,but * P fcr (t k )= * P fcl (t k-1 )+ΔP fc,max .

[0056] It should be noted that * P fcr (t k ) is the first reference power obtained at the current moment, * P fcl (t k ) is the first current limit power, * P fcl (t k-1 ) is the previous limited power, and the rest have the same meanings as above.

[0057] S400: Obtaining the second current output power of the second energy supplier * P sc (t k ).

[0058] As shown in FIG3 , the second current output power * P sc (t k ) is the output power after processing according to the load power and the status of the second energy supplier (see Tables 1 to 5 below).

[0059] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first energy supplier may include a fuel cell (such as a PEM fuel cell 121), the second energy supplier may include a supercapacitor 21 and a battery 24, and the second current output power * P sc (t k ) is the current output power of the supercapacitor 21. Then the first current output power of the first energy supplier is obtained * P fc (t k ) and obtaining the second current output power of the second energy supplier * P sc (t k ) includes: obtaining the current load power, the current energy state of the supercapacitor 21 and the current charge state of the battery 24; and obtaining the first current output power and the second current output power according to the current load power, the current energy state and the current charge state.

[0060] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, taking the ammonia driven PEM fuel cell 121 hybrid vehicle as an example, the hybrid vehicle includes three modes. The first mode is the idle mode, that is, the motor 3 does not rotate, and the input power of the motor controller 4 is measured. * P mc =0; The second is the driving mode, that is, the motor 3 rotates, and the input power of the motor controller 4 is measured * P mc >0; The third is a braking mode, in which the motor controller 4 controls the rotor of the motor 3 to decelerate, and the motor 3 can feed back the braking energy to the supercapacitor 21 and the battery 24 through the motor controller 4, * P mc <0. Refer to Table 1 to Table 3, according to the load power, the energy state of the supercapacitor 21 * SOE, battery state of charge * The SOC obtains the first current output power of the first energy supplier * P fc (t k ) and the second current output power of the second energy supplier * P sc (t k ).

[0061] Table 1 * P mc =0 (idle mode)

[0062] in, * P ad = * P fcc + * Pf , that is * P ad represents the input power of the fuel cell controller 122 measured in real time * P fcc and the input power of the furnace controller 114 measured in real time * P f The sum of which is the load power in the idle mode. * SOE has three states: high, medium, and low. * SOC also has three states: high, medium, and low (refer to the descriptions below Table 4 and Table 5). The negative sign indicates input or charging. For example, in the second row of Table 1 * P sc = -( * P fc - * P ad ). The negative sign in front indicates the power allocated to the supercapacitor 21, that is, charging the supercapacitor 21.

[0063] For simplicity, only part of the content in Table 1 is explained. In the first row, * SOE = high & * SOC = high, then the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc is P fc,min , that is, the output power is the minimum. If the load power * P ad is greater than * P fc , then the output power of the supercapacitor 21 * P sc is adjusted to the difference between the two, causing the supercapacitor 21 to discharge. In the second row, * SOE = medium & * SOC = high, then the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc is adjusted to P fc,opt , P fc,opt represents the output power at the highest operating efficiency of the fuel cell. At this time * P fc is greater than the load power * P ad , then the remaining power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is used to charge the supercapacitor 21. Therefore * P sc = -( * P fc - * P ad ).

[0064] As shown in Figure 4, the horizontal axis represents the output power of the fuel cell, and the vertical axis represents the operating efficiency of the fuel cell. fc,opt When the operating efficiency is η fc,max , indicating the highest operating efficiency. η fc,h represents the lower limit of high operating efficiency, for example, it can be η fc,max According to the load demand, SOE of the supercapacitor 21 and the SOC of the battery, the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 can be allocated to [P fc,ol , P fc,ou ], or [P fc,min , P fc,ol ], or [P fc,ou , P fc,max ] to obtain the most efficient operation, efficient operation and the highest possible operating status respectively.

[0065] In the fourth row of Table 1, * SOE=High& * SOC = medium, then the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc Adjust to P fc,opt , the output power of supercapacitor 21 * P sc =0, then after the PEM fuel cell provides power to the load, the remaining power is used to charge the battery 24.

[0066] The electric power of the present disclosure is jointly provided by the PEM fuel cell 121, the supercapacitor 21 and the battery 24. If the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 and the supercapacitor 21 (i.e., the output power adjusted by the power regulator 123 and the power converter 23) changes, the output power of the battery 24 will automatically change to adapt to the new electric power balance.

[0067] Table 2 * P mc >0(Drive mode)

[0068] In Table 2, *P mc +*P ad It represents the load power measured in real time under driving mode. As mentioned above, P fc,max is the first preset maximum power value, that is, the maximum output power of the PEM fuel cell 121. fc,min is a first preset minimum power value, ie, the minimum output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 , which is used to maintain the idle operation of the PEM fuel cell 121 .

[0069] For the sake of brevity, only part of the content in Table 2 is explained. In the first row,* SOE = High & * SOC = High & P fc,min ≤( * P mc + * P ad ) ≤ P fc,max , then the output power of the PEM fuel cell is * P fc is * P mc + * P ad , and the output power of the supercapacitor * P sc is 0, that is, the load power is within the range of the first preset power threshold, then the load power is provided by the PEM fuel cell. After the PEM fuel cell provides power to the load, the remaining power is used to charge Battery 24.

[0070] In the fifth line, * SOE = Medium & * SOC = High & P fc,max <( * P mc + * P ad ), then * P fc = P fc,max , * P sc = 0, that is, the load power is greater than P fc,max , the output power of the PEM fuel cell is P fc,max , the output power of the PEM fuel cell still cannot meet the load power, then the remaining load power is provided by the battery (because the * SOC of the battery is high, and the * SOE of the supercapacitor is medium).

[0071] Table 3 * P mc <0 (braking mode)

[0072] where, (*P mc + *P ad ) < 0 indicates that in the braking situation, the electric energy converted by the motor 3 through the motor controller 4 is greater than the electric energy required by the load. That is, at this time, the motor controller 4 is equivalent to an energy supply device, which is opposite to the output power of the energy supply device.

[0073] In the first line, * SOE = High, * SOC = High, 0 ≤ (* P mc + * P ad )≤P fc,min , that is, the load power is positive and less than the first preset minimum power value, and the output power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is adjusted to P fc,min , at this time the supercapacitor 21 does not need to be charged, so * P sc = 0, the remaining power of the PEM fuel cell 121 is used to charge the battery 24. * The SOC is high, but since the capacity of the battery 24 is larger, the remaining energy can be charged to the battery 24 .

[0074] In the fifth row from the bottom, * SOE=High& * SOC = Low & ( * P mc + * P ad )≥0, due to * When the SOC is low, the output power of the PEM fuel cell * P fc Regulated to P fc,max , the output power of supercapacitor 21 is *P mc +*P ad , that is, the supercapacitor 21 provides electrical energy to the load, and the PEM fuel cell charges the battery 24.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, Table 4 shows how the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 24 is obtained, and Table 5 shows how the state of energy (SOE) of the supercapacitor 21 is obtained.

[0076] Table 4 Obtaining the battery SOC

[0077] When the state of charge SOC of the battery 24 is medium, the SOC is [SOC nl , SOC nu ], SOC nl Represents the lower limit of SOC when it is "medium", SOC nu Represents the upper limit of SOC as “medium”. When SOC is [SOC nl , SOC nu ], it can protect the battery 24 from aging or performance degradation, and keep the battery 24 running efficiently, and the battery 24 can be charged or discharged. min , SOC nl ], it means SOC is "low" and the battery needs to be charged. minIndicates the lower limit when SOC is “low”. When SOC is [SOC nu , SOC max ], it means that the SOC is "high" and the battery needs to be discharged. max Indicates the upper limit when SOC is "high". min , SOC nl , SOC nu and SOC max The value of can be set according to the type of battery 24. For example, when the battery 24 is a lithium-ion battery, SOC min Can be 20%, SOC nl Can be 55%, SOC nu Can be 85%, SOC max It can be 100% and is not particularly limited here.

[0078] Table 5 SOE of supercapacitor 21

[0079] When the energy state SOE of the supercapacitor 21 is medium, the SOE is [SOE nl , SOE nu ], namely SOE nl Represents the lower limit of SOE when it is "medium", SOE nu Represents the upper limit of SOE when it is “medium”. When SOE is [SOE nl , SOE nu ], it can protect the supercapacitor 21 from aging or performance degradation, and keep the supercapacitor 21 running efficiently, and the supercapacitor 21 can be charged or discharged. min , SOE nl ], it means SOE is "low", the supercapacitor 21 needs to be charged, SOE min Indicates the lower limit when SOE is "low". nu , SOE max ], it means SOE is "high", the supercapacitor 21 needs to be discharged, SOE max Indicates the upper limit when SOE is "High". min 、SOE nl 、SOE nu and SOE max The value of can be set according to the type of supercapacitor 21. For example, when the supercapacitor 21 is an electric double layer capacitor (EDLC), SOE min Can be 30%, SOE nl Can be 45%, SOE nu Can be 90%, SOE maxIt can be 100% and is not particularly limited here.

[0080] The conditions in Table 4 and Table 5 can be determined according to a hysteresis control algorithm to make the SOC / SOE change smoothly. Those skilled in the art can obtain them according to relevant technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0081] S500: According to the first current output power * P fc (t k ), the second current output power * P sc (t k ) and the first reference power * P fcr (t k ), obtain the second reference power of the second energy supply * P scr (t k ).

[0082] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, S500 may include: obtaining a second preset power threshold of the second energy supplier; * P fc (t k ), the second current output power * P sc (t k ), the first reference power * P fcr (t k ) and a second preset power threshold, obtaining a second reference power * P scr (t k ).

[0083] As shown in FIG3 , the load power and the supercapacitor 21 are measured in real time. * SOE and Battery 24 * SOC, using the optimization allocation controller 60 to obtain the first current output power according to the above table * P fc (t k ) and obtain the first current limit power * P fcl (t k ).like * P fc (t k ) is not equal to * P fcl (t k ), then the first calculator 30 in FIG3 is used to calculate * P fc (tk )and * P fcl (t k ) and the difference with the second current output power of the second energy supplier * P sc (t k ) and, that is * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcl (t k ), the remaining power of the first energy supplier (PEM fuel cell 121) is distributed to the second energy supplier (supercapacitor 21).

[0084] The first reference power is obtained by using the high dynamic power limiter 20 * P fcr (t k ) after, if * P fcr (t k ) is not equal to * P fcl (t k ), then the second calculator 40 is used to calculate * P fcl (t k )and * P fcr (t k ) and compare the difference with * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcl (t k ) and obtain the output power of the second energy supplier after being allocated, that is, * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcl (t k )+ * P fcl (t k )- * P fcr (t k )= * P sc (tk )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k ).

[0085] Obtain a second preset power threshold of the second energy supplier, the second preset power threshold may include a second preset power maximum value P sc,max and the second preset minimum power value P sc,min , that is, the output power of the second energy supply is P sc,max and P sc,min Normal operation between.

[0086] As shown in FIG3 , the current second reference power is obtained by using the supercapacitor limiter 50. * P scr (t k ). Specifically, the output power of the second energy supplier after being allocated is obtained * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k ) after, if P sc,min ≤ * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k )≤P sc,max ,but * P scr (t k )= * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k );like * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k )>P sc,max ,but* P scr (t k )=P sc,max ;like * P sc (t k )+ * P fc (t k )- * P fcr (t k )<P sc,min ,but * P scr (t k )=P sc,min .

[0087] Through the above management, the first energy supplier maintains efficient operation within a low dynamic power range, and the remaining power of the first energy supplier is allocated to the second energy supplier, allowing the second energy supplier to operate within a normal range. For example, the SOE of the supercapacitor 21 and the SOC of the battery 24 are kept within normal ranges, avoiding aging or performance degradation of the supercapacitor 21 and the battery 24, and maintaining efficient operation. In addition, the second energy supplier can operate efficiently within a high dynamic power range.

[0088] After obtaining the first reference power and the second reference power, the energy management system 900 feeds back the first reference power to the power regulator 123 and feeds back the second reference power to the power converter 23 so that both output the same power.

[0089] S600: Obtaining the current flow rate of the first gas * Q a , the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h and current furnace temperature * T f .

[0090] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to FIG2 , the gas conversion device 11 is connected to the first energy supplier (PEM fuel cell). The gas conversion device 11 is used to convert the first gas into the second gas, and the second gas is used to supply the fuel cell 121 with electricity. As shown in FIG2 , the current furnace temperature * T f is the current temperature of the furnace 113 in the gas conversion device 11, measured by the furnace controller 114. As shown in FIG3, * Q a is the real-time measured ammonia flow rate, * Q h is the hydrogen flow rate measured in real time. The first gas may be ammonia, and the second gas may be hydrogen.

[0091] S700: According to the current flow rate of the first gas * Q a , the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h and current furnace temperature * T f , obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar and reference furnace temperature * T fr .

[0092] S700 aims to ensure the flow rate Q of the second gas (hydrogen) h Under the premise of stability, try to reduce the furnace temperature to save energy. S700 can include the following contents C1 to C3.

[0093] C1: If the current furnace temperature * T f Lower the temperature by a preset step size H t After that, it is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , regulating the current flow rate of the first gas * Q a for * Q ar , in order to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas stable, if the flow rate of the first gas after adjustment * Q ar If the temperature is within the preset range, the furnace temperature is continuously lowered to not less than the minimum preset temperature according to the preset temperature step, and the flow rate of the first gas is continuously adjusted. * Q ar , to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h stability.

[0094] As shown in Figure 5, the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl The lower limit of the temperature at which the second gas (hydrogen) can be normally produced. The preset range of the flow rate of the first gas is [Q al , Q au ], the preset temperature step is H t , H t It can be 0.5°C. Referring to Figure 6, a schematic diagram showing the relationship between ammonia, hydrogen, and furnace temperature is shown. It can be seen that the hydrogen flow rate increases with increasing ammonia flow rate, and the hydrogen flow rate increases with increasing furnace temperature. The flow rate of the first gas (ammonia) can be adjusted based on Figure 6 to maintain the current flow rate of the second gas (hydrogen). For example, at least one flow rate step can be increased or decreased to achieve this adjustment.

[0095] C2: If the current furnace temperature * T f Lower the furnace temperature by at least one preset step H tAfter that, it is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , and the regulated flow rate of the first gas is outside the preset range, the flow rate of the first gas is regulated to the maximum flow rate or the minimum flow rate to obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar , and adjust the furnace temperature to obtain the reference furnace temperature * T fr , in order to maintain the stability of the flow rate of the second gas. It should be noted that, due to the reference flow rate * Q ar It is also the flow rate of the first gas after regulation, so it is also used * Q ar express.

[0096] As shown in Figure 5, in this case, * T f -H t >T fl , * Q ar ≤Q al ,or * Q ar ≥Q au ,like * Q ar ≤Q al , then control * Q ar =Q al ,like * Q ar ≥Q au , then control * Q ar =Q au (Right now * Q ar If it is not within the preset range, * Q ar Adjust to the upper or lower limit of the range. * Q ar is the reference flow rate of the first gas obtained. * Q ar It cannot be adjusted any further, so the hydrogen flow rate can only be kept stable by adjusting the furnace temperature. The final furnace temperature is the reference furnace temperature. * T fr .

[0097] Referring to Figure 6, based on the measured hydrogen flow rate * Q h The furnace temperature is adjusted to keep it stable. For example, the hydrogen flow rate * Q h 12L / min, * Q aIf the hydrogen flow rate is 8 L / min (assuming this is the upper or lower limit), the furnace temperature to maintain a stable hydrogen flow rate should be 680°C. However, the actual furnace temperature is 700°C. In this case, you only need to adjust the furnace temperature to 680°C. You can use the corresponding relationship between the three in Figure 6 as a reference for adjustment. The above example is only for the purpose of illustrating how to adjust according to Figure 6. The specific value should be selected according to the actual situation.

[0098] C3: If the current furnace temperature * T f After reducing the temperature by at least one preset furnace temperature step, t Less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , the lowered furnace temperature is adjusted to the minimum preset furnace temperature to obtain the reference furnace temperature, and the flow rate of the first gas is adjusted * Q ar , to obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar , maintain the current flow rate of the second gas * Q h stability.

[0099] As shown in Figure 5, in this case, * T fr = * T f -H t ≤T fl , that is, the furnace temperature after adjustment * T fr Less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , then adjust the regulated furnace temperature to the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl , the minimum preset furnace temperature T fl Reference furnace temperature * T fr Since the furnace temperature cannot be adjusted at this time, the only way to adjust the ammonia flow rate is to * Q ar To maintain the hydrogen flow rate * Q h The ammonia flow rate obtained at this time is the reference flow rate of the first gas * Q ar It should be noted that due to the reference furnace temperature * T fr It is also the temperature after adjustment, so it is also used * T fr express.

[0100] Continuing to refer to FIG6, for example, the hydrogen flow rate * Q h 12L / min, reference furnace temperature * T frAt 680°C (assuming it is the lower limit), the ammonia flow rate that maintains a stable hydrogen flow rate is * Q h If the ammonia flow rate should be 8 L / min, but the actual ammonia flow rate is 10 L / min, then the ammonia flow rate can be adjusted to 8 L / min. The corresponding relationship between the three parameters in Figure 6 can be used as a reference for adjustment. The above example is only for the purpose of illustrating how to adjust according to Figure 6. The specific value should be selected according to the actual situation.

[0101] After the above adjustments, if the hydrogen flow rate still changes, continue to make the above adjustments until the hydrogen flow rate stabilizes.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the energy management method is used to obtain the first reference power of the first energy supplier (PEM fuel cell 121), * P fcr After that, you can get the corresponding * P fcr The hydrogen flow rate and ammonia flow rate are adjusted to maintain the stability of the hydrogen flow rate at this moment. * P fcr , then adjust the ammonia flow rate and furnace temperature according to the contents of C1 to C3 above, and output the corresponding * P fcr Ammonia flow rate reference value * Q ar and reference furnace temperature * T fr , to adjust the ammonia flow rate and furnace temperature to the corresponding reference values. * P fcr When the value of changes, the corresponding hydrogen flow rate also changes, and then the ammonia flow rate and furnace temperature are adjusted according to the contents of C1 to C3 above. Therefore, the entire hybrid function architecture is adjusted in real time to ensure efficient operation.

[0103] The above adjustment can optimize the ammonia flow rate and minimize the furnace temperature, maximize the operating efficiency of the gas conversion device 11, and enable the gas conversion device 11 to provide stable hydrogen to the PEM fuel cell 121 in the fuel cell device 12, making the operation of the PEM fuel cell 121 more efficient and stable.

[0104] It should be noted that if * T f ≤T fl , that is, the real-time measurement of the furnace temperature * T f If the temperature is less than or equal to the minimum preset temperature before it is lowered, the temperature can be * T f The furnace temperature is set to the minimum preset value, and the hydrogen flow rate is then kept constant by adjusting the ammonia flow rate.

[0105] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, they are energy conversion architecture diagrams of ammonia-driven proton exchange membrane fuel cell hybrid applications shown in other embodiments of the present disclosure. The difference from Figure 2 is that Figure 2 uses a motor controller 4 and outputs power to the motor 3, Figure 7 uses an inverter 3' and outputs AC power, and Figure 8 uses a DC-DC converter 3" (DC-DC converter) and outputs DC power. The energy management method of the embodiments of the present disclosure is applicable to the hybrid applications in Figures 7 and 8.

[0106] The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an energy management system 900, including an acquisition module 901 and a processing module 902. The acquisition module 901 is used to acquire a first current output power and a previous output power of a first energy supply. The processing module 902 is used to acquire a current power change rate of the first energy supply based on the first current output power and the previous output power. The processing module 902 is also used to acquire a first reference power of the first energy supply based on the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate. The acquisition module 901 is also used to acquire a second current output power of a second energy supply. The processing module 902 is also used to acquire a second reference power of the second energy supply based on the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power. The acquisition module 901 is also used to obtain the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature, wherein the first energy supplier is connected to the gas conversion equipment, the first gas is converted into the second gas by the gas conversion equipment, the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supplier, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion equipment. The processing module 902 is also used to obtain the reference flow rate and reference furnace temperature of the first gas based on the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing module 902 may include the optimization distribution controller 60 , the fuel cell power limiter 10 , and the high dynamic power limiter 20 as shown in FIG. 3 .

[0108] An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer device, including a processor, a memory, and an input / output interface; the processor is connected to the memory and the input / output interface, respectively, wherein the input / output interface is used to receive and output data, the memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor is used to call the computer program, so that the computer device executes the energy management method in any of the above embodiments.

[0109] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The computer program is suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor, so that a computer device having a processor executes the energy management method in any of the above embodiments.

[0110] The computer device and computer-readable storage medium of the embodiments of the present disclosure, by executing the above-mentioned energy management method, optimally distribute the load power between the first energy supply and the second energy supply, so that the first energy supply and the second energy supply operate efficiently, thereby enabling the entire electrical equipment to operate efficiently, while extending the performance degradation of the first energy supply and the second energy supply, and extending the service life of the first energy supply and the second energy supply.

[0111] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited in its application to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components set forth in this specification. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and can be implemented and carried out in a variety of ways. The aforementioned variations and modifications fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or evident in the text and / or the drawings. All of these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments described in this specification illustrate the best known ways to implement the present disclosure and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An energy management method, comprising: obtaining the first current output power and the previous output power of the first energy supplier; obtaining the current power change rate of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power and the previous output power; obtaining the first reference power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate; obtaining the second current output power of the second energy supplier; obtaining the second reference power of the second energy supplier according to the first current output power, the second current output power and the first reference power; obtaining the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature; wherein the first energy supplier is connected to a gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into the second gas by the gas conversion device, and the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy supplier, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device; obtaining the reference flow rate of the first gas and the reference furnace temperature according to the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas and the current furnace temperature.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the first reference power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power, the previous output power and the current power change rate includes: obtaining the first preset power threshold of the first energy supplier; obtaining the first current limit power of the first energy supplier according to the first current output power and the first preset power threshold; obtaining the previous limit power of the first energy supplier according to the previous output power and the first preset power threshold; obtaining the power change rate threshold of the first energy supplier; obtaining the first reference power according to the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the current power change rate and the power change rate threshold.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the power change rate threshold includes a maximum power change rate and a minimum power change rate; obtaining the first reference power according to the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the current power change rate and the power change rate threshold includes: obtaining the maximum dynamic power variable and the minimum dynamic power variable of the first energy supplier according to the maximum power change rate and the minimum power change rate; obtaining the first reference power according to the current power change rate, the maximum power change rate, the minimum power change rate, the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the maximum dynamic power variable and the minimum dynamic power variable.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein obtaining the first reference power according to the current power change rate, the maximum power change rate, the minimum power change rate, the first current limit power, the previous limit power, the maximum dynamic power variable and the minimum dynamic power variable includes: If R pfc,min ≤R pfc (t k )≤R pfc,max , then * P fcr (t k ) = * P fcl (t k ); If R pfc (t k ) < R pfc,min , then * P fcr (t k ) = * P fcl (t k-1 ) + ΔP fc,min ; If R pfc (t k ) > R pfc,max , then * P fcr (t k ) = * P fcl (t k-1 ) + ΔP fc,max ; Among them, R pfc,min is the minimum value of the power change rate, R pfc,max is the maximum value of the power change rate, R pfc (t k ) is the current power change rate, * P fcr (t k ) is the first reference power, * P fcl (t k ) is the first current limit power, * P fcl (t k-1 ) is the previous limit power, ΔP fc,min is the minimum dynamic power variable, ΔP fc,max is the maximum dynamic power variable, t k represents the current moment, t k-1 represents the previous moment, k ≥ 1 and is a positive integer.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Obtaining the second reference power of the second energy supply device according to the first current output power, the second current output power, and the first reference power includes: Obtaining a second preset power threshold of the second energy supply device; Obtaining the second reference power according to the first current output power, the second current output power, the first reference power, and the second preset power threshold.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, Obtaining the reference flow rate and reference furnace temperature of the first gas according to the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature includes: If the current furnace temperature is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature after decreasing by a preset furnace temperature step, adjust the current flow rate of the first gas to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas. If the adjusted flow rate of the first gas is within the preset range, continue to decrease the furnace temperature by a preset temperature step and continue to adjust the flow rate of the first gas to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas; If the current furnace temperature is greater than the minimum preset furnace temperature after decreasing by at least one preset furnace temperature step, and the adjusted flow rate of the first gas is outside the preset range, adjust the flow rate of the first gas to the maximum flow rate or the minimum flow rate to obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas, and adjust the furnace temperature to obtain the reference furnace temperature to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas; If the current furnace temperature is less than or equal to the minimum preset furnace temperature after decreasing by at least one preset furnace temperature step, adjust the decreased furnace temperature to the minimum preset furnace temperature to obtain the reference furnace temperature, and adjust the flow rate of the first gas to obtain the reference flow rate of the first gas to maintain the stability of the current flow rate of the second gas.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The first energy supply device includes a fuel cell, and the second energy supply device includes a super capacitor and a battery; Obtaining the first current output power of the first energy supply device and obtaining the second current output power of the second energy supply device includes: Obtaining the current load power, the current energy state of the super capacitor, and the current charge state of the battery; Obtaining the first current output power and the second current output power according to the current load power, the current energy state, and the current charge state.

8. An energy management system, including: An acquisition module for acquiring the first current output power and the previous output power of the first energy supply device; A processing module for obtaining the current power change rate of the first energy supply device according to the first current output power and the previous output power; The processing module is further configured to obtain the first reference power of the first energy supply device according to the first current output power, the previous output power, and the current power change rate; The acquisition module is further configured to acquire the second current output power of the second energy supply device; The processing module is further configured to obtain the second reference power of the second energy supply device according to the first current output power, the second current output power, and the first reference power; The acquisition module is further configured to acquire the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature; wherein, the first energy provider is connected to the gas conversion device, the first gas is converted into the second gas by the gas conversion device, and the second gas is used to generate electricity for the first energy provider, and the current furnace temperature is the current temperature of the furnace in the gas conversion device; The processing module is further configured to obtain a reference flow rate and a reference furnace temperature of the first gas according to the current flow rate of the first gas, the current flow rate of the second gas, and the current furnace temperature.

9. A computer device, comprising a processor, a memory, and an input / output interface; the processor is respectively connected to the memory and the input / output interface, wherein, the input / output interface is configured to receive and output data, the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to call the computer program so that the computer device executes the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, storing a computer program, which is adapted to be loaded and executed by a processor so that a computer device having the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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