Multi-stage intelligent fire-fighting system for integrated cabinet, and method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a multi-stage intelligent fire-fighting system for an integrated cabinet, and a method. The multi-stage intelligent fire-fighting system comprises an integrated cabinet, PACK-stage fire extinguishing apparatuses and a cluster-stage fire extinguishing apparatus, wherein a plurality of battery PACK boxes are provided in the integrated cabinet, a cluster-stage fire-fighting subsystem for overall fire protection of the integrated cabinet is provided in the integrated cabinet, and a PACK-stage fire-fighting subsystem for fire protection of a single battery PACK box is provided on each battery PACK box; the cluster-stage fire-fighting subsystem comprises a power-on detection assembly, a physical detection assembly, the cluster-stage fire extinguishing apparatus, an explosion-proof fan system and an audible and visible alarm, which are provided in the cabinet, and the power-on detection assembly and the physical detection assembly each form start-up cooperation with the cluster-stage fire extinguishing apparatus; and each PACK-stage fire-fighting subsystem comprises a physical detection assembly and a corresponding PACK-stage fire extinguishing apparatus, and the physical detection assembly forms start-up cooperation with the corresponding PACK-stage fire extinguishing apparatus. Double detection is used for the cluster stage, so as to achieve comprehensive fire detection, and physical detection is used for the PACK boxes, thereby reducing the installation space and ensuring a timely response.

Description

A multi-level intelligent fire protection system and method for integrated cabinet Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of integrated cabinet fire protection, and in particular to a multi-stage intelligent fire protection system and method for an integrated cabinet. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the "dual carbon" goals, vigorously developing new energy, optimizing the energy mix, and achieving clean, low-carbon development have become a global consensus. Energy storage can promote the absorption of new energy, enhance power system flexibility, and support the safe and stable operation of new power systems. It has become one of the key technologies for building these systems. In recent years, despite adverse factors such as international competition and the pandemic, the energy storage industry has maintained rapid development. However, this rapid growth has also come at a time of increasing pressure on the safe construction and operation of energy storage systems. According to incomplete statistics from CNESA, over 70 energy storage safety incidents have occurred globally since 2011. Even after more than a decade of development, 17 energy storage safety incidents occurred globally in 2022, including several residential energy storage incidents abroad. With the exception of one incident involving lead-acid batteries, all other incidents involved lithium-ion batteries. With the rapid growth of energy storage installed capacity, energy storage safety risks are also increasing. Safety has become a bottleneck restricting the further development of the lithium-ion battery energy storage industry.

[0003] For industrial and commercial energy storage, the storage system has a large capacity. Once thermal runaway occurs, chemical reactions will continue, continuously releasing heat and producing various flammable gases. Therefore, early detection is particularly important for firefighting.

[0004] Fire protection arrangements for energy storage cabinets today typically involve a hierarchical approach, with fire protection devices installed sequentially for the battery pack and the cabinet. For example, the publication CN115869563A, "A Fire Extinguishing System and Fire Warning Control Method for Energy Storage Containers," proposes prevention and monitoring at the cabin, cluster, and pack levels.

[0005] However, the known methods have the following problems:

[0006] 1. The system usually relies on monitoring devices to transmit data to determine whether there is a fire. Monitoring devices usually use sensors and other detection devices. In the event of a battery pack fire, the detectors are easily damaged, increasing the cost of fire prevention.

[0007] 2. During the monitoring process, the number of detectors is limited based on cost calculations. Its main monitoring range depends on the sensing end. When there are signs of fire far away from the sensing end, it takes a certain amount of time for the temperature within the sensing end range to reach the set value. There is a slight lag in detection, and it is impossible to deal with the fire source in a timely and accurate manner.

[0008] 3. The detection device requires the introduction of additional electrical components in the energy storage battery cabinet. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of combustible gas will overflow from the pressure relief valve. Under the influence of the fire, electrical components such as the detector may come into contact with the combustible gas, potentially causing a secondary fire, posing a safety hazard.

[0009] 4. The false alarm rate of the detection module is high. It takes a certain amount of time for the detection modules such as smoke sensors, temperature sensors and combustible gas sensors to transmit the signal from the ignition point to the sensing response and exceed the set value;

[0010] 5. The detection module is an electronic component and requires regular maintenance and inspection;

[0011] 6. When the device is being processed, a judgment is usually made through smoke sensing, temperature sensing and combustible gas sensing, and there is a lack of an intelligent fire-fighting system that comprehensively utilizes information. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-level intelligent fire protection system and method for an integrated cabinet to solve the problems mentioned above in the existing fire warning method.

[0013] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0014] A multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet, comprising an integrated cabinet, a pack-level fire extinguishing device, and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device. The integrated cabinet is provided with multiple battery pack boxes. The integrated cabinet is provided with a cluster-level fire protection subsystem for the integrated cabinet as a whole, and the cluster-level fire protection subsystem corresponds one-to-one with the cabinet body. Each battery pack box is provided with a pack-level fire protection subsystem for the fire protection of a single battery pack box, and the pack-level fire protection subsystem corresponds one-to-one with the battery pack box.

[0015] The cluster-level fire protection subsystem includes a power-on detection component, a physical detection component, and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device arranged in the cabinet, and the power-on detection component and the physical detection component are linked with the cluster-level fire extinguishing device. The cluster-level fire protection subsystem also includes an explosion-proof fan system and an audible and visual alarm arranged on the cabinet body, and the power-on detection component and the physical detection component are linked with the explosion-proof fan system and the audible and visual alarm.

[0016] Each of the PACK-level fire protection subsystems includes a physical detection component and a corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device is installed on the corresponding battery PACK box, and the nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device covers the battery PACK box. The physical detection components are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the box, and the physical detection components and the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device form a linkage.

[0017] Preferably, the power-on detection component includes a temperature detector, a smoke detector, a CO detector and a hydrogen detector.

[0018] As a more preferred embodiment, when only the electric signal value of the smoke detector after detecting smoke exceeds the set value, a first-level warning signal is generated, and the smoke detector is electrically connected to the sound and light alarm through the controller to form a linkage.

[0019] Furthermore, the CO detector and the hydrogen detector are both electrically connected to the explosion-proof blower system through the controller to form a linkage.

[0020] Furthermore, when the electrical signal values ​​generated by the smoke detector and the temperature detector exceed the set values, a secondary warning signal is generated, and the smoke detector and the temperature detector are electrically connected to the sound and light alarm, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device and the explosion-proof fan system through the controller to form a linkage.

[0021] Specifically, the explosion-proof fan system includes an air inlet mechanism and an air exhaust mechanism arranged relative to the cabinet body. The air inlet mechanism is located at the bottom of one side of the cabinet body, and the air exhaust mechanism is located at the top of the side opposite to the air inlet mechanism.

[0022] More specifically, the physical detection components are all heat-sensitive wires, and the heat-sensitive wires of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the corresponding cabinet and the outer surface of each battery PACK box in the corresponding cabinet;

[0023] The thermal sensitive lines of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the corresponding battery PACK box.

[0024] Specifically, when the temperature sensed by the thermal wire of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem exceeds a set value, the thermal wire ignites the fire extinguishing component and forms a linkage with the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device;

[0025] When the temperature sensed by the thermal wire of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem exceeds a set value, the thermal wire ignites the fire extinguishing component and forms a linkage with the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device.

[0026] In more detail, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device are both thermal aerosol fire extinguishing devices. After the fire extinguishing device receives an electric starting signal or an open flame ignites the thermal wire, the electric initiator or the thermal wire burns to activate the aerosol generator in the fire extinguishing device. The heat released by the aerosol generator through the redox reaction decomposes the chemical coolant, so that the aerosol generator and the coolant jointly participate in fire extinguishing.

[0027] A firefighting method for fire extinguishing protection using the above-mentioned multi-level intelligent firefighting system for an integrated cabinet comprises at least the following steps:

[0028] S1: Install the corresponding cluster-level fire protection subsystem, explosion-proof fan system and sound and light alarm on the integrated cabinet;

[0029] S2: Arrange the physical detection components and power-on detection components in the cluster-level fire protection subsystem of S1. The power-on detection components include temperature detectors, smoke detectors, CO detectors, and hydrogen detectors. Ensure that the physical detection components and power-on detection components in the cluster-level fire protection subsystem are activated in coordination with the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing devices.

[0030] S3: When the temperature detector in S2 does not detect a fire warning signal with a temperature exceeding the set value, and the smoke detector detects smoke and generates a single fire warning signal, the system enters the first-level warning stage;

[0031] S4: In the first-level warning stage of S3, only the sound and light alarm is activated by the controller;

[0032] S5: When the CO detector and hydrogen detector in S2 detect that any combustible gas exceeds the standard, the exhaust phase begins;

[0033] S6: During the exhaust phase in S5, the explosion-proof fan system is turned on by the controller to reduce the concentration of combustible gas in the cabinet to below 25% of the minimum explosion limit;

[0034] S7: When the temperature detector and smoke detector in S2 detect the composite fire warning signal of the temperature exceeding the set value and the smoke, it enters the secondary warning stage;

[0035] S8: The secondary warning stage in S7 includes the following steps that are performed simultaneously: activating the sound and light alarm through the controller, activating the cluster-level fire extinguishing device, and turning off the explosion-proof fan system;

[0036] S9: Install a corresponding PACK-level fire protection subsystem on each battery PACK box. The PACK-level fire protection subsystem includes a corresponding physical detection component and a PACK-level fire extinguishing device, so that the physical detection component in the PACK-level fire protection subsystem and the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device form a start-up coordination;

[0037] S10: When the physical detection component in S2 senses a fire signal, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device is directly activated;

[0038] When the physical detection component in S9 senses a fire signal, it directly activates the PACK-level fire extinguishing device.

[0039] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0040] 1. Based on the power-on detection component, the present invention uses a physical detection component as the starting line of each fire extinguishing device, so that it is evenly distributed in each monitoring area, providing all-round protection, reducing costs, widening coverage, and improving response speed. Fire information is obtained immediately, and it is easier to install and arrange the battery pack box, saving installation space.

[0041] 2. The physical and chemical properties of the thermal line serve as the trigger line for the fire extinguishing device. When the temperature exceeds the standard, the fire extinguishing component is ignited to spray the agent. Only the power detection component is used in the cluster-level system in the integrated cabinet, which reduces the possibility of secondary accidents.

[0042] 3. Make full use of the detection data of the power-on detection components and the physical detection components to form a system including the combustible gas generation stage, the first-level warning stage, the second-level warning stage and the PACK-level fire stage, and activate the corresponding devices at different stages to provide reminders and protection, thus realizing intelligent protection;

[0043] 4. When the combustible gas in the cabinet exceeds the standard, the temperature is not high and there is no open flame, the explosion-proof fan system is started to vent the combustible gas and reduce the combustible gas content; when the temperature exceeds the set value or there is an open flame, it enters the secondary warning stage and stops the air supply of the explosion-proof fan system to ensure that the interior is in an oxygen-deficient state, preventing the combustion-supporting gas from entering and making the fire more serious, thereby improving the treatment effect and providing intelligent protection;

[0044] 5. The physical detection component and the power-on detection component complement each other, making up for each other's detection range. The physical detection component also makes up for the sensing time, reducing the frequency of maintenance inspections when using the power-on detection component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a control flow of the present invention;

[0046] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem in the integrated cabinet of the present invention;

[0047] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a PACK-level fire protection subsystem of the present invention;

[0048] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another PACK-level fire protection subsystem layout of the present invention;

[0049] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the air intake system of the explosion-proof blower system of the present invention;

[0050] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the exhaust system layout of the explosion-proof blower system of the present invention;

[0051] FIG7 is a streamline distribution diagram of the air intake system of the explosion-proof blower system of the present invention;

[0052] FIG8 is a streamline distribution diagram of the exhaust system of the explosion-proof blower system of the present invention;

[0053] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a PACK-level fire extinguishing device according to the present invention;

[0054] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a cluster-level fire extinguishing device according to the present invention;

[0055] FIG11 is a wiring diagram of a fire extinguishing system according to the present invention;

[0056] FIG12 is a wiring diagram of the explosion-proof exhaust system of the present invention;

[0057] In the figure: 1. Integrated cabinet; 2. Battery PACK box; 3. Cluster-level fire protection subsystem; 4. PACK-level fire protection subsystem; 5. Cluster-level fire extinguishing device; 6. PACK-level fire extinguishing device; 7. Thermistor; 8. Temperature detector; 9. Smoke detector; 10. CO detector; 11. Hydrogen detector; 12. Explosion-proof fan system; 13. Air intake mechanism; 14. Exhaust mechanism; 15. Sound and light alarm; 16. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0059] As shown in FIG1 , as a preferred embodiment 1, a multi-level intelligent fire extinguishing system for an integrated cabinet includes an integrated cabinet 1, a PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6, and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. The integrated cabinet 1 is provided with multiple battery PACK boxes 2, characterized in that the integrated cabinet 1 is provided with a cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 for the overall fire protection of the integrated cabinet 1, and the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 corresponds one-to-one with the cabinet body. Each of the battery PACK boxes 2 is provided with a PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 for the fire protection of a single battery PACK box 2, and the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 corresponds one-to-one with the battery PACK box 2.

[0060] The cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 includes a power-on detection component, a physical detection component, and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 provided in the cabinet, and the power-on detection component and the physical detection component both form a startup cooperation with the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. The cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 also includes an explosion-proof fan system 12 and an audible and visual alarm 15 provided on the cabinet body, and the power-on detection component and the physical detection component both form a startup cooperation with the explosion-proof fan system 12 and the audible and visual alarm 15.

[0061] Each of the PACK-level fire-fighting subsystems 4 includes a physical detection component and a corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is arranged on the corresponding battery PACK box 2, and the nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 covers the battery PACK box 2. The physical detection components are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the box, and the physical detection components and the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 form a starting coordination.

[0062] Example 1 provides a multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet. Based on the structure of the integrated cabinet 1, the fire protection system is divided into a cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 for the entire integrated cabinet 1 and the outside of the battery pack box inside the cabinet, and a pack-level fire protection subsystem 4 for a single battery pack box 2. The pack-level fire protection subsystem 4 detects and extinguishes the root fire source early, while the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 focuses on controlling external fire sources, preventing their spread, and suppressing their growth.

[0063] The PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 uses a thermistor 7 as a physical detection component. Temperature affects the physical and chemical properties of the thermistor 7, igniting the fire extinguishing component of the corresponding fire extinguishing device to spray the fire extinguishing agent. This reduces monitoring costs and prevents other electrical components from affecting the integrated cabinet and individual battery packs. In the event of a fire, it also reduces losses and prevents secondary damage to electrical components caused by the fire, which could affect the operation of the fire protection system. The battery pack box 2 has a narrow internal space, making it inconvenient to install the power detection component. Moreover, when a fire occurs far away from the ignition point at the sensing end, the power detection component will have a certain delay in detecting the value change, which is not as comprehensive as the thermistor 7 and provides timely feedback.

[0064] The cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 uses a power detection component and a physical detection component to cooperate with each other to perform composite monitoring. The physical detection component makes up for the monitoring range and response speed. When the physical detection component detects a fire source, it directly starts the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5; and the power detection component is responsible for supplementary monitoring of areas where the physical detection component is not deployed and situations where there is no open flame. The physical detection component requires open flame and temperature to reach a certain value before it can be started. When there is no open flame and the temperature is lower than the detection value, the power detection component is required to conduct a comprehensive monitoring of the interior of the cabinet. At this time, the power detection component is the main factor in judging the situation through multiple fields such as combustible gas, smoke and temperature, and the controller 16 starts the corresponding explosion-proof fan system 12, sound and light alarm 15 or cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 to process the situation.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment 2, the power-on detection assembly includes a temperature detector 8, a smoke detector 9, a CO detector 10, and a hydrogen detector 11. The power-on detection assembly is composed of various detectors, including at least a temperature detector 8 for detecting temperature, a smoke detector 9 for detecting smoke, a CO detector 10 for detecting combustible gases, and a hydrogen detector 11. Common combustible gases in battery fires include carbon monoxide and hydrogen, so detectors for at least these two gases are required.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment 3, when only the electrical signal value of the smoke detector 9 after detecting smoke exceeds the set value, a first-level warning signal is generated, and the sound and light alarm 15 is activated through the controller 16 to notify personnel to handle it quickly.

[0067] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, as a preferred embodiment 4, when the electrical signal value generated by any one of the CO detector 10 and the hydrogen detector 11 exceeds the set value, combustible gas exists in the cabinet, and the explosion-proof fan system 12 is started through the controller 16 to exhaust and reduce the concentration of combustible gas.

[0068] As a preferred embodiment 5, when the electrical signal values ​​generated by the smoke detector 9 and the temperature detector 8 exceed the set values, a secondary warning signal is generated. Through the controller 16, the sound and light alarm 15 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 are all activated, and the explosion-proof fan system 12 is turned off at the same time to prevent the combustion-supporting gas from entering and prevent the combustible gas from overflowing.

[0069] The explosion-proof fan system 12 includes an air inlet mechanism 13 and an air exhaust mechanism 14 arranged relative to the cabinet. The air inlet mechanism 13 is located at the bottom of one side of the cabinet, and the air exhaust mechanism 14 is located at the top of the side opposite to the air inlet mechanism 13 .

[0070] Examples 3 to 5 are three situations when power is turned on for detection. Examples 3 and 4 are independent of each other. Example 3 is when only a single signal is transmitted from the smoke detector 9. At this time, there is smoke but there may not be open fire or temperature rise. It is a first-level warning signal. The controller 16 activates the sound and light alarm 15 and notifies personnel to deal with it quickly. It is not yet time to activate the fire extinguishing device to avoid accidental damage to the battery.

[0071] In embodiment 4, when any one of the CO detector 10 and the hydrogen detector 11 detects the corresponding combustible gas, combustible gas is present in the cabinet. The explosion-proof blower system 12 is started through the controller 16 to exhaust the gas, thereby reducing the concentration of the combustible gas. The personnel are notified to handle the problem quickly, investigate the cause of the combustible gas, and handle the problem safely.

[0072] Example 5 is a further development of Example 3 and is linked to Example 4. When the electrical signal values ​​detected by the smoke detector 9 and the temperature detector 8 exceed the set values, a secondary warning signal is generated. At this time, both the smoke and the temperature exceed the set values. The controller 16 immediately activates the sound and light alarm 15 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5. While extinguishing the fire, personnel are reminded to arrive quickly for investigation and processing. If the explosion-proof fan system 12 in Example 4 is in the started state, the explosion-proof fan system 12 is immediately shut down to prevent the combustion-supporting gas from entering and prevent the combustible gas from overflowing. A closed environment is formed inside to carry out fire extinguishing under the flooding type fire extinguishing of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5.

[0073] Preferably, the three situations in Examples 3 to 5 may correspond to different sound and light alarms, which can clearly indicate the fire status and situation and enable preparations for handling in advance.

[0074] Preferably, the controller 16 can be a PLC controller, such as Delta DVP30EC00R3 PLC programmable controller.

[0075] Preferably, the sound and light alarm 15 can be a JA2002-GP sound and light alarm, the smoke detector 9 can be a JTY-GM-RS311 point type photoelectric smoke fire detector, the temperature detector 8 can be a JTW-ZOM-RS311 point type temperature fire detector, and the CO detector 10 and hydrogen detector 11 can be GWD30E combustible gas detector.

[0076] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, as a preferred embodiment 6, the explosion-proof fan system 12 includes an air inlet mechanism 13 and an air exhaust mechanism 14 arranged relative to the cabinet body, the air inlet mechanism 13 is located at the bottom of one side of the cabinet body, and the air exhaust mechanism 14 is located at the top of the side opposite to the air inlet mechanism 13. Embodiment 6 provides a combustible gas evacuation method, in which the exhaust mechanism 14 and the air inlet mechanism 13 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the cabinet body, and the gas delivery direction is downward inlet and upward outlet, so as to facilitate the rapid discharge of combustible gases with a density lower than that of air. The air inlet mechanism 13 is installed at the bottom of the integrated cabinet 1, and the air inputted therein is blocked by the equipment, and the air is dispersed to the left and right sides and the bottom. Most of the air flows away from the lower layer of the integrated cabinet 1, and the rest flows from both ends of the equipment to the exhaust mechanism 14;

[0077] From the streamline distribution of the exhaust mechanism 14 , it can be seen that the exhaust gas is extracted from the bottom and both ends of the integrated cabinet 1 . The top layer of gas is disturbed by the gas from the bottom, and is extracted and discharged from the integrated cabinet 1 by the exhaust mechanism 14 after flowing inside the integrated cabinet 1 .

[0078] Preferably, a combustible gas recovery and treatment device may be provided at the exhaust mechanism 14 to prevent the combustible gas from directly existing in the environment and becoming a safety hazard.

[0079] As a preferred embodiment, the exhaust mechanism 14 and the air inlet mechanism 13 can use NEO180-160 electric shutters and explosion-proof fans.

[0080] As a preferred embodiment 7, the physical detection components are all thermal wires 7, and the thermal wires 7 of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the corresponding cabinet and the outer surface of each battery PACK box 2 in the corresponding cabinet;

[0081] The thermal wires 7 of the pack-level fire protection subsystem 4 are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the corresponding battery pack box 2. Example 7 illustrates the specific selection and installation location of the physical detection components. The thermal wires 7 of the pack-level fire protection subsystem 4 are placed on the inner surface of the box to monitor fire conditions within the box. When a fire occurs within the box, the pack-level fire extinguishing device 6 is directly activated to extinguish the fire. The thermal wires 7 of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the corresponding cabinet and the outer surface of each battery pack box 2 within the cabinet. They monitor fire conditions within the cabinet and on the outer walls of the battery boxes. When a fire occurs, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 is directly activated to extinguish the fire.

[0082] It should be noted that the physical detection component and the power-on detection component are two forms of detection methods, but there is no order of precedence. Except for the logical judgment that may exist in the power-on detection process, the two methods are parallel and complementary to each other. As long as a fire is detected by either method, the corresponding fire extinguishing device will be directly activated.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment 8, when the temperature sensed by the thermal wire 7 of the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem 3 exceeds a set value, the thermal wire 7 ignites the fire extinguishing component and activates the corresponding cluster-level fire fighting device 5. The thermal wire 7 of the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem 3 is arranged separately from the thermal wire 7 of the pack-level fire fighting subsystem 4.

[0084] When the temperature sensed by the thermal wire 7 of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 exceeds a set value, the thermal wire 7 ignites the fire extinguishing component and activates the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6. Example 8 is a method for activating the corresponding fire extinguishing devices by the thermal wire 7 of two subsystems.

[0085] As shown in Figure 2, as a preferred embodiment 9, the thermal wires 7 of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 are arranged in an S-shaped curve on the inner surface of the battery pack box 2. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is located in the center of the top of the battery pack box 2 and is equipped with multiple nozzles. The multiple nozzles spray in different directions, covering the entire battery pack box 2. Embodiment 8 illustrates one arrangement of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4. The thermal wires 7 are installed on the top of the PACK box, with multiple directions of outlet, which can reduce detection time. The S-shaped arrangement increases detection points compared to a single horizontal or vertical arrangement, providing more reliable protection. The fire extinguishing device has multiple nozzles, which can fully cover the protection area and immediately spray all the fire extinguishing agents to extinguish the fire.

[0086] As shown in FIG3 , as a preferred embodiment 10, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is arranged on one side of the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2, and a thermal wire 7 is arranged above the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2. The PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is provided with multiple nozzles, and the multiple nozzles spray in different directions, and the spray range covers the entire battery PACK box 2. At least one nozzle among the multiple nozzles is aimed at the pressure relief valve of the battery PACK box 2. Embodiment 8 is another arrangement of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4. The PACK box is installed on the side, and the thermal wire 7 is multi-directional, which can reduce the detection time. The thermal wire 7 is arranged at the pressure relief valve of the PACK box. After the battery cell thermal runaway, a large amount of combustible gas overflows from the pressure relief valve. At this time, the oxygen on the surface of the box is insufficient and the ignition point cannot be reached. The pressure relief valve is the contact point between air and combustible gas, and there is sufficient oxygen. Therefore, this should be an important ignition point. The thermal wire 7 is arranged here in a limited manner, so that the fire can be detected in the first time and the fire extinguishing device can be activated.

[0087] Secondly, the nozzle of the device is located near the pressure relief valve. When the device sprays, a large amount of fire extinguishing agent quickly cuts off the combustible materials and the fire point, playing a partial role in extinguishing the fire.

[0088] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, as a preferred embodiment 11, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 are both thermal aerosol fire extinguishing devices. After the fire extinguishing device receives an electric starting signal or an open flame ignites the thermal wire 7, the electric initiator or the thermal wire 7 burns to activate the aerosol generator in the fire extinguishing device. The heat released by the aerosol generator through the redox reaction decomposes the chemical coolant, so that the aerosol generator and the coolant jointly participate in fire extinguishing.

[0089] Preferably, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 utilizes a thermal aerosol extinguishing device model QRR0.144G / S-MS-144-F-02-11, suitable for relatively enclosed spaces such as energy storage cabinets. When a fire occurs, the device receives an electrical activation signal or an open flame ignites a thermal wire. The electrical initiator or thermal wire then burns, activating the aerosol generator within the device. The heat released by the redox reaction in the aerosol generator decomposes the chemical coolant, allowing both the aerosol generator and the coolant to jointly extinguish the fire.

[0090] Among them, its reference parameters are as follows:

[0091] Working temperature range: -40℃~+70℃; Start mode: Electric heating and dual start; Spray time: ≤15s; Oxidant name and content: Strontium nitrate, potassium nitrate 50%~58%; Protective space: 2m 3 ; Thermal initiator starting temperature: 185±10℃.

[0092] Preferably, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 utilizes a rapid-action aerosol extinguishing device model QRR0.15G / S-PFK, suitable for relatively enclosed spaces such as power distribution cabinets. When a fire occurs, upon receiving an electrical activation signal or upon igniting a thermal wire, the electrical initiator or thermal wire activates the aerosol generator within the device. The heat released by the redox reaction in the aerosol generator decomposes the chemical coolant, allowing both the aerosol generator and the coolant to jointly extinguish the fire.

[0093] Among them, its reference parameters are as follows:

[0094] Working temperature range: -30℃~+70℃; Start mode: Electric heating and dual start; Spray time: ≤15s; Spray lag time: ≤2s; Oxidant name and content: Strontium nitrate 50%~58%; Protective space: 3m 3 ; Thermal initiator starting temperature: ≥170℃.

[0095] As shown in FIG1 , as a preferred embodiment 12, a multi-level intelligent fire protection method for an integrated cabinet includes at least the following steps:

[0096] S1: Install the corresponding cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3, explosion-proof fan system 12 and sound and light alarm 15 on the integrated cabinet 1;

[0097] S2: Arrange the physical detection components and power-on detection components in the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 in S1. The power-on detection components include the temperature detector 8, smoke detector 9, CO detector 10, and hydrogen detector 11. Ensure that the physical detection components and power-on detection components in the cluster-level fire protection subsystem 3 are activated in coordination with the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing devices 5.

[0098] S3: When the temperature detector 8 in S2 does not detect a fire warning signal where the temperature exceeds the set value, and the smoke detector 9 detects smoke and generates a single fire warning signal, the system enters the first-level warning stage;

[0099] S4: In the first-level warning stage in S3, only the sound and light alarm 15 is activated;

[0100] S5: When the CO detector 10 and the hydrogen detector 11 in S2 detect that any combustible gas exceeds the standard, the exhaust phase is entered;

[0101] S6: During the exhaust phase in S5, the explosion-proof fan system 12 is turned on to reduce the concentration of the combustible gas in the cabinet to below 25% of the minimum explosion limit;

[0102] S7: When the temperature detector 8 and the smoke detector 9 in S2 detect the composite fire warning signal of the temperature exceeding the set value and the smoke, the system enters the secondary warning stage;

[0103] S8: The secondary warning stage in S7 includes the following steps that are performed simultaneously: activating the sound and light alarm 15, activating the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5, and turning off the explosion-proof fan system 12;

[0104] S9: Install a corresponding PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 on each battery PACK box 2. The PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 includes a corresponding physical detection component and a PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6. The physical detection component in the PACK-level fire protection subsystem 4 cooperates with the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 to start.

[0105] S10: When the physical detection component in S2 senses a fire signal, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 is directly activated;

[0106] When the physical detection component in S9 senses a fire signal, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 is directly activated.

[0107] Example 12 proposes a multi-level intelligent fire protection method for an integrated cabinet based on this system. In S2, the cluster-level fire protection situation in the integrated cabinet is monitored by both the physical detection component and the power detection component. S3 and S5 are at the same level, located in the first gradient. When a single smoke signal is detected in S3, the first level warning stage is entered and S4 is executed. Only the sound and light alarm 15 is activated to notify the staff to quickly arrive at the scene to handle the situation, conduct investigation and maintenance to prevent a larger fire.

[0108] When S5 detects that any combustible gas exceeds the standard, S6 is executed to immediately open the explosion-proof fan system 12 to extract the combustible gas therein to prevent the accumulation of combustible gas inside from causing explosion;

[0109] S7 is at the second gradient. When the temperature detector 8 and the smoke detector 9 detect that the temperature exceeds the set value and the composite fire warning signal generated by smoke, the second-level warning stage is entered and S8 is executed, including the simultaneous activation of the sound and light alarm 15, the activation of the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5, and the closing of the explosion-proof fan system 12. The sound and light alarm 15 is used to promptly remind the staff. The cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 performs flooding fire extinguishing in the integrated cabinet 1 and outside the battery PACK box 2. At the same time, if the explosion-proof fan system 12 is in the open state, it is also closed at this time to prevent the flammable gas from overflowing and causing a serious fire, so that it is in a relatively closed state and is discharged after the fire is over.

[0110] S9 takes advantage of the narrow installation space inside the battery PACK box 2 and uses physical detection components to monitor the situation inside the box to avoid insufficient installation space for the power detection components and respond in a timely manner;

[0111] S10 is at the same level as S3 and S5, located in the first gradient. When the physical detection component in the corresponding fire protection system detects a fire, regardless of whether the powered detection component detects a signal at this moment, it is in the early warning stage. The corresponding fire extinguishing device is immediately turned on to perform flooding fire extinguishing. The fire is extinguished first, and then each powered detection component detects the internal situation. Fire protection is carried out from both powered detection and physical detection. The fire is detected and handled in a timely manner.

[0112] As a preferred embodiment 13, when the explosion-proof fan system 12 in S6 is started, a light-on signal is generated to notify the backstage personnel that combustible gas is generated and the battery may fail, and the operating personnel need to go to the scene quickly to deal with it.

[0113] As a preferred embodiment 14, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 and the PACK-level fire extinguishing device 6 in S8 and S10 will generate passive switching signals after startup. The passive switching signals are transmitted to the background to remind the staff of the activation status of the fire extinguishing device and quickly locate the fire source.

[0114] As a preferred embodiment 15, there are multiple sound and light alarms 15, each sound and light alarm 15 is different, and each sound and light alarm 15 corresponds to the combustible gas exceeding standard stage of S5, the first level warning stage of S3, the second level warning stage of S7, and the PACK level fire extinguishing stage of S10, respectively, so that the current fire status can be known more clearly.

[0115] As a preferred embodiment 16, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 can be manually started. When the patrol staff actively discovers a fire, they can directly switch to manual mode and manually start the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5.

[0116] As shown in FIG11 , as a preferred embodiment 17, the smoke detector 9 is electrically connected to the sound and light alarm 15 through the controller 16, and the smoke detector 9 and the temperature detector 8 are electrically connected to the sound and light alarm 15 and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device 5 through the controller 16 to form a linkage.

[0117] As shown in Figure 12, as a preferred embodiment 18, the explosion-proof exhaust system 12 includes: an air intake fan 13, an exhaust fan 14, and a gas detector. The exhaust fan's power supply is connected to AC230V, and the gas detector's power supply is connected to DC24V. When the gas detector alarms, the exhaust fan's internal control module is activated, causing the air intake and exhaust fan shutters to open and the fan to start, achieving effective exhaust. The explosion-proof fan also has status and fault signal outputs; the gas detector has 485 communication with external devices, fault signal output, and primary and secondary alarm outputs.

Claims

1. A multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet, comprising an integrated cabinet (1), a PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5), wherein a plurality of battery PACK boxes (2) are arranged in the integrated cabinet (1), characterized in that: The integrated cabinet (1) is provided with a cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) for the overall fire protection of the integrated cabinet (1), and the cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) corresponds to the cabinet body one by one, and each of the battery PACK boxes (2) is provided with a PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) for the fire protection of a single battery PACK box (2), and the PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) corresponds to the battery PACK box (2) one by one; The cluster-level fire fighting subsystem (3) comprises a power-on detection component, a physical detection component and a cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) arranged in the cabinet, and the power-on detection component and the physical detection component are both linked with the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5). The cluster-level fire fighting subsystem (3) also comprises an explosion-proof fan system (12) and an audible and visual alarm (15) arranged on the cabinet, and the power-on detection component and the physical detection component are both linked with the explosion-proof fan system (12) and the audible and visual alarm (15); Each of the PACK-level fire protection subsystems (4) comprises a physical detection component and a corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6); the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is arranged on the corresponding battery PACK box (2), and the nozzle of the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) covers the battery PACK box (2); the physical detection component is evenly distributed along the inner surface of the box, and the physical detection component forms a linkage with the corresponding PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6).

2. A multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power-on detection component comprises a temperature detector (8), a smoke detector (9), a CO detector (10) and a hydrogen detector (11).

3. The multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 2, characterized in that: When only the electrical signal value after the smoke detector (9) detects smoke exceeds the set value, a first-level warning signal is generated. The smoke detector (9) is electrically connected to the sound and light alarm (15) through the controller (16) to form a linkage.

4. The multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The CO detector (10) and the hydrogen detector (11) are both electrically connected to the explosion-proof fan system (12) through a controller (16) to form a linkage.

5. The multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the electrical signal values ​​generated by the smoke detector (9) and the temperature detector (8) both exceed the set values, a secondary warning signal is generated, and the smoke detector (9) and the temperature detector (8) are electrically connected to the sound and light alarm (15), the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) and the explosion-proof fan system (12) through the controller (16) to form a linkage.

6. A multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The explosion-proof fan system (12) comprises an air inlet mechanism (13) and an air exhaust mechanism (14) arranged relative to a cabinet body, wherein the air inlet mechanism (13) is located at the bottom of one side of the cabinet body, and the air exhaust mechanism (14) is located at the top of a side opposite to the air inlet mechanism (13).

7. A multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The physical detection components are all heat-sensitive wires (7), and the heat-sensitive wires (7) of the cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3) are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the corresponding cabinet and the outer surface of each battery PACK box (2) in the corresponding cabinet; The thermal sensitive wires (7) of the PACK-level fire protection subsystem (4) are evenly distributed along the inner surface of the corresponding battery PACK box (2).

8. The multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the temperature sensed by the thermistor (7) of the cluster-level fire-fighting subsystem (3) exceeds a set value, the thermistor (7) ignites the fire-extinguishing component and forms a linkage with the corresponding cluster-level fire-extinguishing device (5); When the temperature sensed by the thermistor (7) of the PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem (4) exceeds a set value, the thermistor (7) ignites the fire-extinguishing component and forms a linkage with the corresponding PACK-level fire-extinguishing device (6).

9. A multi-level intelligent fire protection system for an integrated cabinet according to any one of claim 8, characterized in that: The PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) and the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) are both thermal aerosol fire extinguishing devices. After receiving an electric start signal or an open flame igniting the thermistor (7), the electric initiator or the thermistor (7) burns and activates the aerosol generator in the fire extinguishing device. The heat released by the aerosol generator through the redox reaction decomposes the chemical coolant, thereby achieving the aerosol generator and the coolant jointly participating in the fire extinguishing.

10. A firefighting method for fire extinguishing protection using a multi-level intelligent firefighting system for an integrated cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: At least the following steps are included: S1: Installing a corresponding cluster-level fire protection subsystem (3), an explosion-proof fan system (12) and an audible and visual alarm (15) on the integrated cabinet (1); S2: Arrange the physical detection components and the power-on detection components in the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem (3) of S1, wherein the power-on detection components include a temperature detector (8), a smoke detector (9), a CO detector (10) and a hydrogen detector (11), and make the physical detection components and the power-on detection components in the cluster-level fire fighting subsystem (3) start in coordination with the corresponding cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5); S3: When the temperature detector (8) in S2 does not detect a fire warning signal of a temperature exceeding a set value, and the smoke detector (9) detects smoke and generates a single fire warning signal, the first-level warning stage is entered; S4: In the first-level warning stage in S3, only the sound and light alarm (15) is activated by the controller (16); S5: When the CO detector (10) and the hydrogen detector (11) in S2 detect that any combustible gas exceeds the standard, the exhaust phase is entered; S6: During the exhaust phase in S5, the explosion-proof fan system (12) is turned on by the controller (16) to reduce the concentration of the combustible gas in the cabinet to less than 25% of the minimum explosion limit; S7: When the temperature detector (8) and the smoke detector (9) in S2 detect that the temperature exceeds the set value and the composite fire warning signal generated by smoke, the secondary warning stage is entered; S8: The second-level warning stage in S7 includes the following steps that are performed simultaneously: starting the sound and light alarm (15) through the controller (16), starting the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5), and turning off the explosion-proof fan system (12); S9: Install a corresponding PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem (4) on each battery PACK box (2), wherein the PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem (4) includes a corresponding physical detection component and a PACK-level fire-fighting device (6), so that the physical detection component in the PACK-level fire-fighting subsystem (4) and the corresponding PACK-level fire-fighting device (6) form a start-up coordination; S10: When the physical detection component in S2 senses a fire signal, the cluster-level fire extinguishing device (5) is directly activated; When the physical detection component in S9 senses a fire signal, the PACK-level fire extinguishing device (6) is directly activated.

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