Casing component, battery cell, battery and electric device

Abstract

A casing component (23), a battery cell (20), a battery (100) and an electric device. The casing component (23) is provided with a recess (231), wherein the bottom wall of the recess (231) is provided with a nick groove (232); in the circumferential direction of the recess (231), the nick groove (232) extends along a closed trajectory; the nick groove (232) comprises a first groove section (2321) and a second groove section (2322); and the side wall of the recess (231) comprises a first side wall (2331) located on the outer side of the first groove section (2321), and a second side wall (2332) located on the outer side of the second groove section (2322), and the maximum distance between the first groove section (2321) and the first side wall (2331) is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section (2322) and the second side wall (2332). Thus, when the internal pressure of the battery cell (20) acts on the casing component (23), an acting force received by the first groove section (2321) can be less than an acting force received by the second groove section (2322), such that the possibility of a region enclosed by the nick groove (232) deforming due to a force is smaller, the possibility of the nick groove (232) cracking in advance is also smaller, and accordingly, the service life of the battery cell (20) can be prolonged.

Description

Housing components, battery cells, batteries and electrical equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application CN202311621363.2, entitled “Shell components, battery cells, batteries and electrical equipment,” filed on November 28, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a housing component, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0004] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to the sustainable development of the automotive industry. Electric vehicles, due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages, have become an important component of the sustainable development of the automotive industry. For electric vehicles, battery technology is a key factor in their development.

[0005] In battery technology, how to extend the service life of batteries is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0006] Utility Model Content

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a housing component, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which can reduce the possibility of premature cracking and pressure release of the notched groove of the housing component, thereby extending the service life of the battery.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a shell component for a battery cell, wherein the shell component is provided with a sink, and the bottom wall of the sink is provided with a notched groove. The notched groove extends along a closed trajectory in the circumferential direction of the sink, and the notched groove includes a first groove segment and a second groove segment. The side walls of the sink include a first side wall located outside the first groove segment and a second side wall located outside the second groove segment. The maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove segment and the second side wall.

[0009] In the above technical solution, a sink is provided in the shell component and a notched groove is provided on the bottom wall of the sink, so that the notched groove can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value to release pressure, thereby reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell; the notched groove is extended along a closed trajectory in the circumferential direction of the sink, the notched groove includes a first groove section and a second groove section, the side wall of the sink includes a first side wall located outside the first groove section and a second side wall located outside the second groove section, and the maximum distance between the first groove section and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section and the second side wall, so that when the internal pressure of the battery cell acts on the shell component, the force acting on the first groove section is smaller than the force acting on the second groove section, thereby making the area enclosed by the notched groove less likely to be deformed by force, and the notched groove less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the first slot segment and the first side wall gradually increases from both ends to the middle of the first slot segment.

[0011] In the above technical solution, by gradually increasing the distance between the first groove section and the first side wall from both ends to the middle of the first groove section, the extension of the first groove section can be smooth and stress concentration points are less likely to form, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking due to concentrated force on the first groove section and extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first side wall is a plane, and the second side wall is an arc-shaped surface.

[0013] In the above technical solution, by setting the first side wall as a plane, the length of the first side wall can be set longer, so that the area of ​​the sinking groove is larger; by setting the second side wall as an arcuate surface, a larger sinking groove area can be further enclosed when the width of the sinking groove is limited, so that the area of ​​the area enclosed by the notched groove is also larger. After the notched groove is opened by force, a larger pressure relief channel can be formed, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, the trough further includes a third side wall and a fourth side wall, the third side wall is arranged opposite to the first side wall along a first direction, and the fourth side wall is arranged opposite to the second side wall along a second direction; the first direction intersects with the second direction.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the sink further includes a third side wall and a fourth side wall, the third side wall and the first side wall are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and the fourth side wall and the second side wall are arranged opposite to each other along a second direction; the first direction intersects with the second direction; the side wall distribution of the sink can be made more uniform, the force distribution of the bottom wall of the sink is also more uniform, the notched groove is less likely to have stress concentration points, the possibility of premature cracking due to force concentration in the notched groove can be reduced, and the service life of the battery cell can be extended.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0017] In the above technical solution, by making the first direction perpendicular to the second direction, the first side wall and the third side wall, and the second side wall and the fourth side wall of the sinking groove can be symmetrically arranged, further making the side wall distribution of the sinking groove more uniform, and the force distribution of the sinking groove more uniform. It is less likely for stress concentration points to appear in the notched groove, which can reduce the possibility of premature cracking due to force concentration in the notched groove and extend the service life of the battery cell.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction, the distance between the first sidewall and the third sidewall is W1, and the maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first sidewall is W2, satisfying 10%*W1≤W2≤70%*W1.

[0019] In the above technical solution, by ensuring that the distance W1 between the first side wall and the third side wall and the maximum distance W2 between the first groove section and the first side wall along the first direction satisfy 10%*W1≤W2≤70%*W1, the preparation of the notched groove can be facilitated, and the first groove section can be subjected to less force from inside the battery cell, thereby making the area enclosed by the notched groove less likely to be deformed by force, and the improvement in anti-deformation ability is more obvious. The notched groove is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove also includes a third groove segment, the third groove segment and the first groove segment are spaced apart along the first direction, the second groove segment connects the first groove segment and the third groove segment, and the maximum distance between the third groove segment and the third side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove segment and the second side wall.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by providing a third groove section, and making the third groove section and the first groove section spaced apart along the first direction, the second groove section connects the first groove section and the third groove section, and the maximum distance between the third groove section and the third side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section and the second side wall, it can be ensured that when the internal pressure of the battery cell acts on the outer shell component, the force applied to the third groove section is smaller than the force applied to the second groove section. In addition, due to the combined action of the first groove section and the third groove section, the area enclosed by the notched groove can be further less likely to be deformed by force, has stronger anti-deformation ability, and is less likely to crack the notched groove prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first trough section and the third trough section are symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the sink.

[0023] In the above technical solution, by arranging the first groove section and the third groove section symmetrically relative to the center point of the sinking groove, the force on the notched groove can be made more uniform, the area enclosed by the notched groove is less likely to be deformed by force, the deformation resistance is stronger, and the possibility of premature cracking of the notched groove is smaller, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove also includes a fourth groove segment, the fourth groove segment and the second groove segment are spaced apart along the second direction, the first groove segment, the second groove segment, the third groove segment and the fourth groove segment are connected end to end to form a closed ring, and the maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the fourth groove segment and the fourth side wall.

[0025] In the above technical solution, by setting the fourth groove section, the fourth groove section and the second groove section are spaced apart along the second direction, which can make the distribution of the scored groove more uniform, the possibility of the scored groove generating stress concentration points is smaller, and the possibility of the scored groove cracking prematurely is smaller, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell; the first groove section, the second groove section, the third groove section and the fourth groove section are connected end to end to form a closed ring, so that when the battery cell produces thermal runaway, the scored groove can be opened, and the area enclosed by the scored groove can be separated from other areas of the shell component to form a larger pressure relief channel, which is convenient for realizing rapid pressure relief of the battery cell and further reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell; the maximum distance between the first groove section and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the fourth groove section and the fourth side wall, so that the force acting on the first groove section is smaller than the force acting on the fourth groove section, thereby making the area enclosed by the scored groove less likely to be deformed by force.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second trough section and the fourth trough section are symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the sink.

[0027] In the above technical solution, by arranging the second groove segment and the fourth groove segment symmetrically relative to the center point of the sinking groove, the force on the notched groove can be made more uniform, the area enclosed by the notched groove is less likely to be deformed by force, the deformation resistance is stronger, and the possibility of premature cracking of the notched groove is smaller, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present application, the depths of the first slot segment, the second slot segment, and the fourth slot segment are greater than the depth of the third slot segment.

[0029] In the above technical solution, by making the depths of the first slot segment, the second slot segment and the fourth slot segment greater than the depth of the third slot segment, the first slot segment, the second slot segment and the fourth slot segment can be opened by force before the second slot segment to form a pressure relief channel, and the area enclosed by the notched groove of the shell component remains connected to other areas, reducing the possibility of damage caused by interference with other components after the area enclosed by the notched groove is separated from other areas.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction, the distance between the first side wall and the third side wall is W1, the maximum distance between the first groove section and the first side wall is W2, and the maximum distance between the third groove section and the third side wall is W3, satisfying W2+W3<W1.

[0031] In the above technical solution, by ensuring that along the first direction, the distance W1 between the first side wall and the third side wall, the maximum distance W2 between the first groove segment and the first side wall, and the maximum distance W3 between the third groove segment and the third side wall satisfy W2+W3<W1, the first groove segment and the third groove segment are not connected, thereby reducing the problem of stress concentration and easy cracking at the connection between the first groove segment and the third groove segment. The possibility of premature cracking of the notched groove is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slot segment and the second slot segment are both arc segments.

[0033] In the above technical solution, by making the first groove section and the second groove section both arc sections, the extension of the first groove section and the second groove section can be smooth, and it is not easy to form stress concentration points, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking caused by concentrated force on the first groove section and the second groove section, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell; and the second groove section can enclose a larger area, so that after the notched groove is opened under force, a larger pressure relief channel can be formed, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present application, there is an arc transition between the first slot segment and the second slot segment.

[0035] In the above technical solution, by making the arc transition between the first groove section and the second groove section, the transition part between the first groove section and the second groove section can be made smooth, and it is not easy to form a stress concentration point, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking caused by concentrated force on the first groove section and extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slot segment includes a first sub-slot segment and a second sub-slot segment, the angle between the tangent of the first sub-slot segment and the first side wall is α1, and the angle between the tangent of the second sub-slot segment and the first side wall is α2, satisfying 40°≤α1≤80°, 40°≤α2≤80°.

[0037] In the above technical solution, the first groove section includes a first sub-groove section and a second sub-groove section. By making the angle α1 between the tangent of the first sub-groove section and the first side wall and the angle α2 between the tangent of the second sub-groove section and the first side wall satisfy 40°≤α1≤80° and 40°≤α2≤80°, on the one hand, the first groove section can be further away from the first side wall of the sink, so as to further reduce the pressure inside the battery cell on the first groove section; on the other hand, the corner amplitude at the connection between the first sub-groove section, the second sub-groove section and other groove sections can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of stress concentration points at the connection between the first sub-groove section, the second sub-groove section and other groove sections, so that the area enclosed by the notched groove is less likely to be deformed by force, has stronger deformation resistance, and is less likely to crack the notched groove prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present application, the length of the second groove segment is L1, and the length of the notched groove is L, satisfying L1≥1 / 4*L.

[0039] In the above technical solution, by making the length L1 of the second groove section and the length L of the scored groove satisfy L1≥1 / 4*L, the length of the second groove section in the scored groove, which is subjected to greater force than the first groove section, can be longer. When the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold, the second groove section is easily opened to release pressure, and the area of ​​the pressure relief area enclosed by the scored groove is made larger. After the scored groove is opened under force, a larger pressure relief channel can be formed, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present application, the housing component includes a body and a pressure relief member, the body is provided with a through hole, and the pressure relief member covers the through hole to form the sink.

[0041] In the above technical solution, the shell component includes a body and a pressure relief piece. The body is provided with a through hole, and the pressure relief piece covers the through hole to form a sink. The preparation and assembly of the body and the pressure relief piece are simple, which facilitates the formation of the sink.

[0042] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery cell comprising the housing component as described above.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell includes a shell and an end cover, the shell has an opening, the end cover closes the opening, and the outer shell component is the end cover or the shell.

[0044] In the above technical solution, the outer shell component is an end cover or a shell, which can relieve pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value, so as to reduce the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell; the pressure relief structure is formed by arranging a notch groove on the end cover, and the pressure relief structure has good stability and good long-term reliability.

[0045] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery comprising the battery cell as described above.

[0046] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electrical device, comprising a battery as described above, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0048] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0049] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0050] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0051] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a housing component provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0052] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing component provided by some embodiments of the present application from one perspective;

[0053] FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing member along line AA in FIG5 ;

[0054] FIG7 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of the housing component at B in FIG6;

[0055] FIG8 is a perspective schematic diagram of a partial structure of a housing component provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0056] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a housing component provided by some embodiments of the present application from one perspective;

[0057] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a portion C of the housing component in FIG5 ;

[0058] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the housing component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0059] Icon: 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 10-housing; 11-first sub-housing; 12-second sub-housing; 20-battery cell; 21-housing; 211-end cover; 2111-electrode terminal; 212-housing; 22-electrode assembly; 221-tab; 23-housing component; 23a-body; 23b-pressure relief member; 231-sink; 232-notched groove; 2321-first groove section; 2321a-first sub-groove section; 2321b-second sub-groove section; 2322-second groove section; 2323-third groove section; 2324-fourth groove section; 2331-first side wall; 2332-second side wall; 2333-third side wall; 2334-fourth side wall; 234-through hole; 200-controller; 300-motor; X-first direction; Y-second direction; Z-third direction.

[0060] Specific embodiment

[0061] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0063] The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order or a primary-secondary relationship.

[0064] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0065] The term "plurality" used in this application refers to two or more (including two).

[0066] The battery referred to in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module that includes multiple battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery referred to in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. Batteries generally also include a housing for enclosing one or more battery cells or multiple battery modules. The housing prevents liquids or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0067] A battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator. A battery cell primarily operates by the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the current collector uncoated with the positive active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab. For lithium-ion batteries, for example, the positive electrode current collector can be made of aluminum, and the positive active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative current collector and a negative active material layer. The negative active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector, and the current collector uncoated with the negative active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab. The negative electrode current collector can be made of copper, and the negative active material can be carbon or silicon, among others. To ensure that high currents can be passed without melting, multiple positive electrode tabs are stacked, and multiple negative electrode tabs are stacked. The material of the isolation film can be PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).

[0068] The battery cell further includes a housing component, which may be an end cover or a shell. The end cover closes an opening of the shell to define an accommodation space for accommodating the electrode assembly.

[0069] Batteries, with their outstanding advantages such as high energy density, low environmental pollution, high power density, long service life, wide adaptability, and low self-discharge coefficient, are a vital component of today's new energy development. With the development of the new energy industry, batteries are gradually moving towards larger and more integrated designs. The development of battery technology requires simultaneous consideration of multiple design factors, such as energy density, discharge capacity, charge and discharge rate, and other performance parameters. Furthermore, the battery's service life also needs to be considered.

[0070] However, battery cells generate heat and gas during operation, which increases the internal pressure of the battery cells. If the internal pressure of the battery cells cannot be released in time, thermal runaway or even explosion may occur. Therefore, the battery cells can be provided with a pressure relief mechanism to form a pressure relief channel when the internal pressure of the battery cells reaches a threshold value, thereby releasing the internal pressure of the battery cells and reducing the possibility of thermal runaway of the battery cells. The pressure relief mechanism may include a notched groove formed on the outer shell of the battery cells. However, the internal pressure of the battery cells will change during the charge and discharge process, and the area around the notched groove is prone to deformation due to stress. In the process of repeated changes of the internal pressure of the battery cells increasing-decreasing-increasing, the area around the notched groove is also prone to repeated deformation, causing the area around the notched groove to be in a state of breathing fatigue for a long time, which is prone to premature cracking, and then causing leakage of the battery cells, affecting the normal charge and discharge of the battery cells, and shortening the service life of the battery cells.

[0071] Based on the above considerations, the present application provides a shell component for a battery cell, the shell component is provided with a sink, and the bottom wall of the sink is provided with a notched groove. In the circumferential direction of the sink, the notched groove extends along a closed trajectory, and the notched groove includes a first groove segment and a second groove segment. The side walls of the sink include a first side wall located outside the first groove segment and a second side wall located outside the second groove segment. The maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove segment and the second side wall.

[0072] In the technical solution of the present application, a sink is provided in the shell component, and a notched groove is provided on the bottom wall of the sink, so that the notched groove can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold value to release pressure, thereby reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell; the notched groove is extended along a closed trajectory in the circumferential direction of the sink, the notched groove includes a first groove section and a second groove section, the side wall of the sink includes a first side wall located outside the first groove section and a second side wall located outside the second groove section, the maximum distance between the first groove section and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section and the second side wall, because when the shell component is subjected to force, the connection between the bottom wall and the side wall of the sink is more likely to deform, the stress is more concentrated, and And the stress will extend from the connection between the bottom wall and the side wall to the middle of the bottom wall, so the stress on the bottom wall of the sinking groove farther away from the side wall is smaller, so that when the internal pressure of the battery cell acts on the outer shell component, the force applied to the first groove section is smaller than the force applied to the second groove section, thereby making the area enclosed by the notched groove less likely to be deformed by force, and the possibility of the notched groove cracking prematurely is smaller, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell; and the second groove section is close to the second side wall, which can make the area of ​​the pressure relief area enclosed by the notched groove larger, and when the notched groove is opened under force, a larger pressure relief channel can be formed, which is convenient for realizing rapid pressure relief of the battery cell, and further reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell.

[0073] The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but are not limited to, in electrical equipment such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. The power supply system of the electrical equipment can be composed of the battery disclosed in the present application.

[0074] The present invention provides an electric device that uses a battery as a power source. The electric device may include, but is not limited to, an electric tool, a battery-powered vehicle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. The electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like.

[0075] The battery described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to being applicable to the electrical equipment described above, but can also be applied to all electrical equipment that want to use batteries. However, for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are explained using an electrical equipment such as a vehicle as an example.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application. Vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, for the circuit system of the vehicle 1000, such as for the working power requirements during the startup, navigation and operation of the vehicle 1000.

[0077] The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 . The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, to meet the power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and driving.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, with the battery cell 20 being housed within the housing 10. The housing 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 can include a first sub-housing 11 and a second sub-housing 12, which cover each other and together define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The first sub-housing 11 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the second sub-housing 12 can be a plate-like structure, which covers the open side of the first sub-housing 11, so that the first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 together define a storage space. The first sub-housing 11 and the second sub-housing 12 can also be hollow structures with one end open, with the open side of the second sub-housing 12 covering the open side of the first sub-housing 11.

[0080] In some embodiments, the box body 10 may be a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0081] In other embodiments, the box body 10 may also be a cylinder.

[0082] In some embodiments, the box body 10 may be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, or other metal materials, so that the box body 10 has a higher stress-bearing performance.

[0083] In other embodiments, the box body 10 may also be made of non-metallic materials with relatively high strength, such as carbon fiber, hard plastic, etc.

[0084] In the battery 100, there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection. A hybrid connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the entire battery cell 20 may be housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery 100 may be constructed by first connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a battery module, which is then connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form a complete battery module, and then housed within the housing 10. The battery 100 may also include other structures, such as a busbar assembly for electrically connecting the multiple battery cells 20.

[0085] The battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; the battery cell 20 may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto.

[0086] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, a battery cell 20 includes a housing 21, an electrode assembly 22, and other functional components.

[0087] The housing 21 includes an end cover 211 and a shell 212 . The shell 212 has an opening, and the end cover 211 closes the opening.

[0088] The end cap 211 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 212 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 211 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 212 to fit the housing 212. Optionally, the end cap 211 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy). This prevents the end cap 211 from deforming when subjected to compression or collision, giving the battery cell 20 greater structural strength and improved safety. Functional components such as electrode terminals 2111 can be provided on the end cap 211. The electrode terminals 2111 can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 22 to output or input electrical energy to the battery cell 20. The end cap 211 can also be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. In some embodiments, an insulating structure can be provided on the inside of the end cap 211 to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 212 from the end cap 211 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating structure may be plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0089] The housing 212 is a component that cooperates with the end cap 211 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 22, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 212 and the end cap 211 can be independent components. The housing 212 can be of various shapes and sizes. Specifically, the shape of the housing 212 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 22. The housing 212 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0090] In some embodiments, the shell 212 may be a hollow structure with an opening on one side, and the end cover 211 may be a flat plate that covers the opening of the shell 212 .

[0091] In other embodiments, both the end cover 211 and the shell 212 may be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the end cover 211 covers the open side of the shell 212 to jointly form an accommodating space.

[0092] In some embodiments, the end cover 211 and the housing 212 may be connected by welding.

[0093] In other embodiments, the end cover 211 and the housing 212 may also be fixedly connected by bonding, interference fit, or the like.

[0094] In some embodiments, the battery cells 20 may be in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped, so that a plurality of battery cells 20 can be closely arranged in a matrix, which is beneficial for improving the energy density of the battery 100 .

[0095] In other embodiments, the battery cell 20 may also be flat, cylindrical, or in other shapes.

[0096] The electrode assembly 22 is a component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. One or more electrode assemblies 22 may be contained in the housing 212. The electrode assembly 22 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The separator is used to separate the positive and negative electrode sheets to avoid internal short circuits between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 22, and the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active materials each constitute a tab 221. The positive and negative electrode tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or at both ends of the main body respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab 221 connects to the electrode terminal 2111 to form a current loop.

[0097] Please refer to Figures 4 to 8, Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the shell component provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the shell component provided in some embodiments of the present application from one perspective; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the shell component along AA in Figure 5; Figure 7 is a local enlarged structural schematic diagram of point B of the shell component in Figure 6; Figure 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial structure of the shell component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0098] An embodiment of the present application provides a shell component 23 for a battery cell 20. The shell component 23 is provided with a sink 231. The bottom wall of the sink 231 is provided with a notched groove 232. In the circumferential direction of the sink 231, the notched groove 232 extends along a closed trajectory. The notched groove 232 includes a first groove section 2321 and a second groove section 2322. The side walls of the sink 231 include a first side wall 2331 located outside the first groove section 2321 and a second side wall 2332 located outside the second groove section 2322. The maximum distance between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section 2322 and the second side wall 2332.

[0099] The notched groove 232 encloses a pressure relief area. The outer side of the first groove section 2321 refers to the side of the first groove section 2321 away from the center of the pressure relief area. The outer side of the second groove section 2322 refers to the side of the second groove section 2322 away from the center of the pressure relief area.

[0100] The distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 is the distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 along the first direction X. The distance between the second slot section 2322 and the second side wall 2332 is the distance between the second slot section 2322 and the second side wall 2332 along the second direction Y.

[0101] The outer shell member 23 is a member constituting the outer shell of the battery cell 20 .

[0102] The sink 231 is a structure of the shell component 23 for relieving pressure. The thickness of the shell component 23 at the sink 231 is thinner than the thickness of other parts of the shell component 23, so that the battery cell 20 composed of the shell component 23 can rupture at the notched groove 232 of the sink 231 when thermal runaway occurs, thereby releasing the pressure inside the battery cell 20.

[0103] The bottom wall of the sink 231 is arranged opposite to the opening of the sink 231 , and the side wall of the sink 231 refers to the wall surrounding the bottom wall of the sink 231 .

[0104] By providing a sink 231 in the housing component 23 and providing a notch 232 on the bottom wall of the sink 231, the notch 232 can be opened when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold to release pressure, thereby reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20. By making the notched groove 232 extend along a closed track in the circumferential direction of the sink 231, the notched groove 232 includes a first groove section 2321 and a second groove section 2322, and the side wall of the sink 231 includes a first side wall 2331 located outside the first groove section 2321 and a second side wall 2332 located outside the second groove section 2322, and the maximum distance between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section 2322 and the second side wall 2332. When the shell component 23 is subjected to force, the connection between the bottom wall and the side wall of the sink 231 is more likely to deform, the stress is more concentrated, and the stress will extend from the connection between the bottom wall and the side wall to the middle of the bottom wall, so the farther away from the bottom wall of the sink The smaller the partial stress of the side wall, the smaller the force applied to the first groove section 2321 when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 acts on the outer shell component 23, the smaller the force applied to the second groove section 2322, thereby making it less likely that the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 will be deformed by force, and the notched groove 232 will be less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20; and the second groove section 2322 is close to the second side wall 2332, which can make the area of ​​the pressure relief area enclosed by the notched groove 232 larger, and the notched groove 232 can form a larger pressure relief channel after being opened by force, thereby facilitating the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20, and further reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0105] Please refer to FIG9 , which is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a housing component provided in some embodiments of the present application from one perspective.

[0106] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the first slot segment 2321 and the first side wall 2331 gradually increases from both ends to the middle of the first slot segment 2321 .

[0107] By gradually increasing the distance between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 from both ends of the first groove section 2321 to the middle, the extension of the first groove section 2321 can be smooth and stress concentration points are less likely to form, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking due to concentrated force on the first groove section 2321 and extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0108] In other embodiments, the distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 may gradually increase from both ends to the middle, while remaining unchanged. That is, the first slot section 2321 may partially extend in a direction away from the first side wall 2331, while partially extend in a direction parallel to the first side wall 2331.

[0109] In other embodiments, the distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 may gradually increase from one end of the first slot section 2321 to the middle, while the distance between the other end of the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 remains unchanged.

[0110] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first side wall 2331 is a plane, and the second side wall 2332 is an arc-shaped surface.

[0111] Because the housing component 23 provided in some embodiments of the present application is rectangular, the width of the housing component 23 along the first direction X is relatively narrow, while the length along the second direction Y is relatively long. This results in the size of the recessed groove 231 provided on the housing component 23 being limited along the first direction X, while the size along the second direction Y can be set to be larger. Therefore, by configuring the first sidewall 2331 as a plane, the length of the first sidewall 2331 can be set longer, resulting in a larger area for the recessed groove 231. By configuring the second sidewall 2332 as an arcuate surface, a larger recessed groove area can be enclosed while the width of the recessed groove 231 along the first direction X is limited. This also increases the area enclosed by the notched groove 232. When the notched groove 232 is opened by force, it forms a larger pressure relief channel, facilitating rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0112] In other embodiments, the first side wall 2331 may also be a curved surface, and the second side wall 2332 may also be a flat surface.

[0113] According to some embodiments of the present application, the sink 231 further includes a third side wall 2333 and a fourth side wall 2334, the third side wall 2333 and the first side wall 2331 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, and the fourth side wall 2334 and the second side wall 2332 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction; the first direction X intersects with the second direction Y.

[0114] By arranging the third side wall 2333 and the first side wall 2331 relative to each other along the first direction X, and the fourth side wall 2334 and the second side wall 2332 relative to each other along the second direction Y, the side wall distribution of the sinking groove 231 can be made more uniform, the force distribution on the bottom wall of the sinking groove 231 can also be made more uniform, and stress concentration points are less likely to appear in the notched groove 232. The possibility of premature cracking caused by force concentration in the notched groove 232 can be reduced, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0115] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y.

[0116] By making the first direction X and the second direction Y perpendicular, the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333, and the second side wall 2332 and the fourth side wall 2334 of the sinking groove 231 can be symmetrically arranged, further making the side wall distribution of the sinking groove 231 more uniform, and the force distribution of the sinking groove 231 more uniform. The notched groove 232 is less likely to have a stress concentration point, which can reduce the possibility of premature cracking due to force concentration in the notched groove 232, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0117] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are perpendicular to each other. The first direction X is parallel to the width direction of the housing component 23, the second direction Y is parallel to the length direction of the housing component 23, and the third direction Z is parallel to the thickness direction of the housing component 23.

[0118] Please refer to FIG10 , which is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point C of the housing component in FIG5 .

[0119] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction X, the distance between the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333 is W1, and the maximum distance between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 is W2, satisfying 10%*W1≤W2≤70%*W1, for example, W2 can be 10%*W1, 40%*W1 or 70%*W1, etc.

[0120] By ensuring that the distance W1 between the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333 and the maximum distance W2 between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 along the first direction X satisfy 10%*W1≤W2≤70%*W1, the preparation of the notched groove 232 can be facilitated, and the first groove section 2321 is subjected to less force from inside the battery cell 20, thereby making the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 less likely to be deformed by force, and the improvement of the anti-deformation ability is more obvious, and the notched groove 232 is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0121] According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove 232 also includes a third groove section 2323, which is spaced apart from the first groove section 2321 along the first direction X, and the second groove section 2322 connects the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323, and the maximum distance between the third groove section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section 2322 and the second side wall 2332.

[0122] The distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 is the distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 along the first direction X.

[0123] By providing the third groove section 2323 and making the third groove section 2323 and the first groove section 2321 spaced apart along the first direction X, the second groove section 2322 connects the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323, and the maximum distance between the third groove section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove section 2322 and the second side wall 2332, it is possible that when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 acts on the shell component 23, the force applied to the third groove section 2323 is smaller than the force applied to the second groove section 2322. In addition, due to the combined action of the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323, the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 is further less likely to be deformed by force, has stronger anti-deformation ability, and is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0124] According to some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the third slot segment 2323 and the third side wall 2333 gradually increases from both ends to the middle of the third slot segment 2323 .

[0125] By gradually increasing the distance between the third groove section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 from both ends to the middle of the third groove section 2323, the extension of the third groove section 2323 can be smooth and stress concentration points are less likely to form, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking caused by concentrated force on the third groove section 2323 and extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0126] In other embodiments, the distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 may gradually increase from both ends to the middle, while remaining unchanged. That is, the third slot section 2323 may partially extend in a direction away from the third side wall 2333, while partially extend in a direction parallel to the third side wall 2333.

[0127] In other embodiments, the distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 may gradually increase from one end of the third slot section 2323 to the middle, while the distance between the other end of the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 may remain unchanged.

[0128] According to some embodiments of the present application, the third sidewall 2333 is a plane.

[0129] Because the housing component 23 provided in some embodiments of the present application is rectangular, the width of the housing component 23 along the first direction X is relatively narrow, while the length along the second direction Y is relatively long. This results in the size of the recessed groove 231 provided on the housing component 23 being limited along the first direction X, while the size along the second direction Y can be set to be larger. Therefore, by configuring the third sidewall 2333 as a plane, the length of the third sidewall 2333 can be set longer, resulting in a larger area for the recessed groove 231, and thus a larger area for the area enclosed by the scored groove 232. When the scored groove 232 is opened by force, it forms a larger pressure relief channel, facilitating rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0130] In other embodiments, the third side surface 2333 may also be a curved surface.

[0131] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction X, the distance between the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333 is W1, and the maximum distance between the third groove section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 is W3, satisfying 10%*W1≤W3≤70%*W1. For example, W3 can be 10%*W1, 40%*W1 or 70%*W1, etc.

[0132] By ensuring that the distance W1 between the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333 and the maximum distance W3 between the third groove section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 along the first direction X satisfy 10%*W1≤W3≤70%*W1, the preparation of the notched groove 232 can be facilitated, and the third groove section 2323 is subjected to less force from inside the battery cell 20, thereby making the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 less likely to be deformed by force, and the improvement of the anti-deformation ability is more obvious, and the notched groove 232 is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0133] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slot segment 2321 and the third slot segment 2323 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the sink 231 .

[0134] The center point of the sink 231 may be the geometric center point of the bottom wall of the sink 231 .

[0135] By arranging the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323 symmetrically relative to the center point of the sink 231, the force on the notched groove 232 can be made more uniform, the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 is less likely to be deformed by force, the deformation resistance is stronger, and the notched groove 232 is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0136] According to some embodiments of the present application, the scoring groove 232 further includes a fourth groove segment 2324 , and the fourth groove segment 2324 is spaced apart from the second groove segment 2322 along the second direction Y.

[0137] By providing the fourth groove section 2324 so that the fourth groove section 2324 and the second groove section 2322 are spaced apart along the second direction, the distribution of the scored grooves 232 can be made more uniform, the possibility of the scored grooves 232 generating stress concentration points is reduced, and the possibility of the scored grooves 232 cracking prematurely is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0138] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slot segment 2321 , the second slot segment 2322 , the third slot segment 2323 and the fourth slot segment 2324 are connected end to end to form a closed ring.

[0139] By connecting the first groove section 2321, the second groove section 2322, the third groove section 2323 and the fourth groove section 2324 end to end to form a closed ring, when the battery cell 20 produces thermal runaway, the notched groove 232 can be opened, and the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 can be separated from other areas of the shell component 23, forming a large pressure relief channel, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0140] According to some embodiments of the present application, the maximum distance between the first slot segment 2321 and the first sidewall 2331 is greater than the maximum distance between the fourth slot segment 2324 and the fourth sidewall 2334 .

[0141] The distance between the fourth slot section 2324 and the fourth side wall 2334 is the distance between the fourth slot section 2324 and the fourth side wall 2334 along the first direction X.

[0142] By making the maximum distance between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 greater than the maximum distance between the fourth groove section 2324 and the fourth side wall 2334, the force acting on the first groove section 2321 is smaller than the force acting on the fourth groove section 2324, thereby making the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 less likely to be deformed by force.

[0143] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fourth side wall 2334 is a curved surface.

[0144] Because the housing component 23 provided in some embodiments of the present application is rectangular, the width of the housing component 23 along the first direction X is relatively narrow, while the length along the second direction Y is relatively long. This limits the size of the sinking groove 231 provided on the housing component 23 along the first direction X. Therefore, by configuring the fourth sidewall 2334 as an arcuate surface, a larger sinking groove area can be enclosed while the width of the sinking groove 231 along the first direction X is limited. This also increases the area enclosed by the scored groove 232. When the scored groove 232 is opened by force, a larger pressure relief channel is formed, facilitating rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0145] In other embodiments, the fourth side wall 2334 may also be a plane.

[0146] According to some embodiments of the present application, the second slot segment 2322 and the fourth slot segment 2324 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the sink 231 .

[0147] By arranging the second groove section 2322 and the fourth groove section 2324 symmetrically relative to the center point of the sink 231, the force applied to the notched groove 232 can be made more uniform, the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 is less likely to be deformed by force, the deformation resistance is stronger, and the notched groove 232 is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0148] According to some embodiments of the present application, the depths of the first slot segment 2321 , the second slot segment 2322 , and the fourth slot segment 2324 are greater than the depth of the third slot segment 2323 .

[0149] The depth of the scoring groove 232 is the dimension of the scoring groove 232 in the third direction Z.

[0150] By making the depths of the first slot section 2321, the second slot section 2322 and the fourth slot section 2324 greater than the depth of the third slot section 2323, the first slot section 2321, the second slot section 2322 and the fourth slot section 2324 can be forced to open before the second slot section 2322 to form a pressure relief channel, and the area of ​​the shell component 23 enclosed by the notched groove 232 remains connected to other areas, reducing the possibility of the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 being separated from other areas and interfering with other components to cause damage.

[0151] In other embodiments, the depth of the other three slot sections among the first slot section 2321, the second slot section 2322, the third slot section 2323, and the fourth slot section 2324 may be greater than the depth of another slot section. For example, the depth of the first slot section 2321, the second slot section 2322, and the third slot section 2323 is greater than the depth of the fourth slot section 2324.

[0152] In other embodiments, the depth of two connected slot segments among the first slot segment 2321, the second slot segment 2322, the third slot segment 2323, and the fourth slot segment 2324 may be greater than the depth of the other two slot segments. For example, the depth of the first slot segment 2321 and the second slot segment 2322 is greater than the depth of the third slot segment 2323 and the fourth slot segment 2324.

[0153] In other embodiments, the depth of one of the first slot segment 2321, the second slot segment 2322, the third slot segment 2323, and the fourth slot segment 2324 may be greater than the depths of the other three slot segments. For example, the depth of the first slot segment 2321 is greater than the depths of the second slot segment 2322, the third slot segment 2323, and the fourth slot segment 2324.

[0154] In other embodiments, the depths of multiple slot segments that are greater than the depths of other slot segments can be the same or different. For example, if the depths of the first slot segment 2321, the second slot segment 2322, and the fourth slot segment 2324 are greater than the depth of the third slot segment 2323, the depths of the first slot segment 2321, the second slot segment 2322, and the fourth slot segment 2324 can also be different. For example, the depth of the first slot segment 2321 is greater than the depth of the fourth slot segment 2324, and the depth of the second slot segment 2322 is greater than the depth of the first slot segment 2321. This allows the second slot segment 2322, the first slot segment 2321, the fourth slot segment 2324, and the third slot segment 2323 to open sequentially when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The greater the internal pressure of the battery cell 20, the more slot segments are opened, resulting in a larger area of ​​the pressure relief channel and a faster pressure relief rate.

[0155] According to some embodiments of the present application, along the first direction X, the distance between the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333 is W1, the maximum distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 is W2, and the maximum distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 is W3, satisfying W2+W3<W1.

[0156] By ensuring that along the first direction X, the distance W1 between the first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333, the maximum distance W2 between the first groove section 2321 and the first side wall 2331, and the maximum distance W3 between the third groove section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 satisfy W2+W3<W1, the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323 are not connected, thereby reducing the problem of stress concentration and easy cracking at the connection between the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323, and the possibility of premature cracking of the notched groove 232 is smaller, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0157] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slot segment 2321 and the second slot segment 2322 are both arc segments.

[0158] By making the first groove section 2321 and the second groove section 2322 both arc segments, the extension of the first groove section 2321 and the second groove section 2322 can be smooth, and it is not easy to form a stress concentration point, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking caused by concentrated force on the first groove section 2321 and the second groove section 2322, and extending the service life of the battery cell 20; and the second groove section 2322 can enclose a larger area, so that a larger pressure relief channel can be formed after the notched groove 232 is opened under force, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0159] According to some embodiments of the present application, the third slot segment 2323 and the fourth slot segment 2324 are both arc segments.

[0160] By making the third groove section 2323 and the fourth groove section 2324 both arc segments, the extension of the third groove section 2323 and the fourth groove section 2324 can be smooth, and it is not easy to form a stress concentration point, thereby reducing the possibility of the third groove section 2323 and the fourth groove section 2324 being subjected to concentrated force and causing premature cracking, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20; and the fourth groove section 2324 can enclose a larger area, so that after the notched groove 232 is forced to open, a larger pressure relief channel can be formed, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0161] According to some embodiments of the present application, there is an arc transition between the first slot segment 2321 and the second slot segment 2322 .

[0162] By making the arc transition between the first groove section 2321 and the second groove section 2322, the transition portion between the first groove section 2321 and the second groove section 2322 can be smooth, and it is less likely to form a stress concentration point, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking caused by concentrated force on the first groove section 2321 and extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0163] According to some embodiments of the present application, arc transitions are formed between the second slot segment 2322 and the third slot segment 2323, between the third slot segment 2323 and the fourth slot segment 2324, and between the fourth slot segment 2324 and the first slot segment 2321. This can make the transition portions between adjacent slot segments smooth and less likely to form stress concentration points, thereby reducing the possibility of premature cracking due to concentrated force on each slot segment and extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0164] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first slot segment 2321 includes a first sub-slot segment 2321a and a second sub-slot segment 2321b, and the angle between the tangent of the first sub-slot segment 2321a and the first side wall 2331 is α1, and the angle between the tangent of the second sub-slot segment 2321b and the first side wall 2331 is α2, satisfying 40°≤α1≤80°, 40°≤α2≤80°, for example, α1 can be 40°, 60° or 80°, etc., and α2 can be 40°, 55° or 80°, etc.

[0165] By making the angle α1 between the tangent of the first sub-slot segment 2321a and the first side wall 2331, and the angle α2 between the tangent of the second sub-slot segment 2321b and the first side wall 2331 satisfy 40°≤α1≤80° and 40°≤α2≤80°, on the one hand, the first slot segment 2321 can be further away from the first side wall 2331 of the sink 231, so as to further reduce the pressure inside the battery cell on the first slot segment 2321; on the other hand, the angle of the connection between the first sub-slot segment 2321a, the second sub-slot segment 2321b and other slot segments can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of stress concentration points at the connection between the first sub-slot segment 2321a, the second sub-slot segment 2321b and other slot segments, making the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 less likely to be deformed by force, having stronger anti-deformation ability, and less likely to crack the notched groove 232 prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0166] According to some embodiments of the present application, the third slot segment 2323 includes a third sub-slot segment 2323a and a fourth sub-slot segment 2323b, and the angle between the tangent of the third sub-slot segment 2323a and the third side wall 2333 is α3, and the angle between the tangent of the fourth sub-slot segment 2323b and the third side wall 2333 is α4, satisfying 40°≤α3≤80°, 40°≤α4≤80°, for example, α3 can be 40°, 65° or 80°, etc., and α4 can be 40°, 50° or 80°, etc.

[0167] By ensuring that the angle α3 between the tangent of the third sub-segment 2323a and the third side wall 2333 and the angle α4 between the tangent of the fourth sub-segment 2323b and the third side wall 2333 satisfy 40°≤α3≤80° and 40°≤α4≤80°, on the one hand, the third slot segment 2323 can be further away from the third side wall 2333 of the sink 231, thereby further reducing the pressure on the third slot segment 2323 from the inside of the battery cell. On the other hand, the angle of the connection between the third and fourth sub-segments 2323a, 2323b and other slot segments can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of stress concentration points forming at the connection between the third and fourth sub-segments 2323a, 2323b and other slot segments. As a result, the area enclosed by the notched groove 232 is less likely to be deformed by force, has stronger deformation resistance, and is less likely to crack prematurely, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0168] According to some embodiments of the present application, the length of the second groove segment 2322 is L1, and the length of the notched groove 232 is L, satisfying L1≥1 / 4*L. For example, L1 can be 1 / 4*L, 1 / 3*L, or 2 / 5*L.

[0169] By making the length L1 of the second groove section 2322 and the length L of the notched groove 232 satisfy L1≥1 / 4*L, the length of the second groove section 2322 in the notched groove 232, which is subjected to greater force than the first groove section 2321, can be longer. When the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, the second groove section 2322 is easily opened to release pressure, and the area of ​​the pressure relief area enclosed by the notched groove 232 is larger. After the notched groove 232 is opened under force, a larger pressure relief channel can be formed, which facilitates the rapid pressure relief of the battery cell 20 and further reduces the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0170] According to some embodiments of the present application, the length of the fourth groove segment 2324 is L2, and the length of the notched groove 232 is L, satisfying L2≥1 / 4*L. For example, L2 can be 1 / 4*L, 1 / 3*L, or 2 / 5*L.

[0171] By ensuring that the length L2 of the fourth groove section 2324 and the length L of the notched groove 232 satisfy L2 ≥ 1 / 4*L, the fourth groove section 2324 in the notched groove 232, which is subjected to a greater force than the first groove section 2321 and the third groove section 2323, can be made longer. When the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, the fourth groove section 2324 can be easily opened to release pressure, thereby reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20.

[0172] See FIG. 11 , which is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a housing component provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0173] According to some embodiments of the present application, the housing component 23 includes a body 23a and a pressure relief member 23b. The body 23a is provided with a through hole 234. The pressure relief member 23b covers the through hole 234 to form a sink 231. The body 23a and the pressure relief member 23b are simple to prepare and assemble, facilitating the formation of the sink 231.

[0174] In other embodiments, the body 23a and the pressure relief member 23b may be integrally formed. The recess 231 may be formed by recessing the side of the housing 23 facing away from the electrode assembly 22. This can enhance the connection strength between the body 23a and the pressure relief member 23b, making it less likely for the pressure relief member 23b to separate from the body 23a when the battery cell 20 is not experiencing thermal runaway, thereby extending the service life of the battery cell 20.

[0175] In other embodiments, the sink 231 may be formed by a side of the shell component 23 facing the electrode assembly 22 being recessed in a direction away from the electrode assembly 22 .

[0176] 3 and 4 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a battery cell 20 , comprising the housing component 23 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0177] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell 20 includes a shell 212 and an end cover 211 . The shell 212 has an opening, the end cover 211 closes the opening, and the outer shell component 23 is the end cover 211 .

[0178] The housing component 23 is an end cap 211, which relieves pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold, thereby reducing the possibility of thermal runaway or even explosion of the battery cell 20. The pressure relief structure is formed by providing a notched groove 232 in the end cap 211, which provides good stability and long-term reliability.

[0179] According to some embodiments of the present application, the sink 231 is disposed on a side of the end cover 211 facing away from the electrode assembly 22 , that is, the opening of the sink 231 faces away from the electrode assembly 22 .

[0180] In other embodiments, the sink 231 may also be disposed on a side of the end cover 211 facing the electrode assembly 22 , with the opening of the sink 231 facing the electrode assembly 22 .

[0181] In other embodiments, the outer shell component 23 may also be a shell 212, which includes multiple walls. The multiple walls together define a accommodating space for accommodating the electrode assembly 22 of the battery cell 20, and the sink 231 is provided in at least one of the multiple walls.

[0182] In the housing 212 , the sink 231 may be provided on one wall portion or on multiple wall portions.

[0183] In other embodiments, a plurality of recessed grooves 231 and scored grooves 232 may be provided on a wall portion of the end cover 211 or the housing 212 .

[0184] In the above solution, the outer shell component 23 has both the function of accommodating the electrode assembly 22 and the function of releasing pressure.

[0185] 2 , according to some embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a battery 100 , comprising the battery cell 20 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0186] According to some embodiments of the present application, an electric device is further provided, comprising the battery 100 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0187] The electric device can be any of the above-mentioned devices using batteries.

[0188] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 3 to 11, embodiments of the present application provide a housing component 23. The housing component 23 is provided with a sink 231. The bottom wall of the sink 231 is provided with a notched groove 232. The notched groove 232 extends along a closed trajectory in the circumference of the sink 231. The notched groove 232 includes a first groove segment 2321, a second groove segment 2322, a third groove segment 2323, and a fourth groove segment 2324. The first groove segment 2321 and the third groove segment 2323 are spaced apart along a first direction X and are symmetrical relative to the center point of the sink 231. The second groove segment 2322 and the fourth groove segment 2324 are spaced apart along a second direction Y and are symmetrical relative to the center point of the sink 231.

[0189] The side walls of the trough 231 include a first side wall 2331 located on the outside of the first trough section 2321, a second side wall 2332 located on the outside of the second trough section 2322, a third side wall 2333 located on the outside of the third trough section 2323, and a fourth side wall 2334 located on the outside of the fourth trough section 2324. The first side wall 2331 and the third side wall 2333 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, and the second side wall 2332 and the fourth side wall 2334 are arranged opposite to each other along the second direction Y.

[0190] The maximum distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 is greater than the maximum distance between the second slot section 2322 and the second side wall 2332, and the maximum distance between the fourth slot section 2324 and the fourth side wall 2334. The maximum distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 is greater than the maximum distance between the second slot section 2322 and the second side wall 2332, and the maximum distance between the fourth slot section 2324 and the fourth side wall 2334.

[0191] From both ends of the first slot section 2321 to the middle, the distance between the first slot section 2321 and the first side wall 2331 gradually increases; from both ends of the third slot section 2323 to the middle, the distance between the third slot section 2323 and the third side wall 2333 gradually increases.

[0192] The first and third side walls 2331 and 2333 are flat, while the second and fourth side walls 2332 and 2334 are curved. The first, second, third, and fourth slot segments 2321, 2322, 2323, and 2324 are all arc segments. Arc transitions form between the first and second slot segments 2321, between the second and third slot segments 2322, between the third and fourth slot segments 2323, and between the fourth and first slot segments 2324.

[0193] It should be noted that, unless there is any conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0194] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A housing component for a battery cell, wherein: The shell component is provided with a sink, and the bottom wall of the sink is provided with a notched groove. In the circumferential direction of the sink, the notched groove extends along a closed track, and the notched groove includes a first groove segment and a second groove segment. The side walls of the sink include a first side wall located outside the first groove segment and a second side wall located outside the second groove segment. The maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove segment and the second side wall.

2. The housing component according to claim 1, wherein: From both ends to the middle of the first slot section, the distance between the first slot section and the first side wall gradually increases.

3. The housing component according to claim 1, wherein: The first side wall is a plane, and the second side wall is an arc-shaped surface.

4. The housing component according to claim 1, wherein: The sink further includes a third side wall and a fourth side wall. The third side wall is disposed opposite to the first side wall along a first direction, and the fourth side wall is disposed opposite to the second side wall along a second direction. The first direction intersects with the second direction.

5. The housing component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

6. The housing component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: Along the first direction, the distance between the first side wall and the third side wall is W1, and the maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first side wall is W2, satisfying 10%*W1≤W2≤70%*W1.

7. The housing component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The notched groove also includes a third groove segment, the third groove segment and the first groove segment are spaced apart along the first direction, the second groove segment connects the first groove segment and the third groove segment, and the maximum distance between the third groove segment and the third side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the second groove segment and the second side wall.

8. The housing component according to claim 7, wherein: The first slot section and the third slot section are symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the sink.

9. The housing component according to claim 7, wherein: The notched groove also includes a fourth groove segment, and the fourth groove segment is spaced apart from the second groove segment along the second direction. The first groove segment, the second groove segment, the third groove segment and the fourth groove segment are connected end to end to form a closed ring, and the maximum distance between the first groove segment and the first side wall is greater than the maximum distance between the fourth groove segment and the fourth side wall.

10. The housing component according to claim 9, wherein: The second slot section and the fourth slot section are symmetrically arranged relative to the center point of the sink.

11. The housing component according to claim 9, wherein: The depths of the first slot segment, the second slot segment, and the fourth slot segment are greater than the depth of the third slot segment.

12. The housing component according to claim 7, wherein: Along the first direction, the distance between the first side wall and the third side wall is W1, the maximum distance between the first groove section and the first side wall is W2, and the maximum distance between the third groove section and the third side wall is W3, satisfying W2+W3<W1.

13. The housing component according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein: The first slot segment and the second slot segment are both arc segments.

14. The housing component according to claim 13, wherein: There is an arc transition between the first slot segment and the second slot segment.

15. The housing component according to claim 13, wherein: The first slot segment includes a first sub-slot segment and a second sub-slot segment, the included angle between the tangent of the first sub-slot segment and the first side wall is α1, the included angle between the tangent of the second sub-slot segment and the first side wall is α2, satisfying 40°≤α1≤80°, 40°≤α2≤80°.

16. The housing component according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein: The length of the second groove segment is L1, and the length of the notched groove is L, satisfying L1≥1 / 4*L.

17. The housing component according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The shell component includes a body and a pressure relief member, the body is provided with a through hole, and the pressure relief member covers the through hole to form the sink.

18. A battery cell, wherein: Comprising a housing component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The battery cell according to claim 18, wherein: The battery cell comprises a shell and an end cover, the shell has an opening, the end cover closes the opening, and the outer shell component is the end cover or the shell.

20. A battery, wherein: Comprising the battery cell as claimed in claim 18 or 19.

21. An electrical device, wherein: Comprising a battery as claimed in claim 20, the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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