Vibration backflow-based soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vibration backflow-based soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges, comprising a mounting frame, vertical base plates, cam-connecting rod mechanisms, and soil-patting actuators. The whole soil-covering device is mounted on a rear cross beam of a transplanting machine and moves forwards between ridges along with the transplanting machine; the vertical base plates are respectively connected to two sides of the mounting frame; the cam-connecting rod mechanisms are mounted on the corresponding vertical base plates; the soil-patting actuators are long plates; the middles of the long plates are rotatably arranged on the corresponding vertical base plates; the upper ends of the long plates are inclined towards the inner sides of the corresponding vertical base plates and are hinged to connecting rods of the corresponding cam-connecting rod mechanisms; the soil-patting actuators, driven by the cam-connecting rod mechanisms, continuously vibrate and pat two sides of a ridge, which is planted with potted seedlings, to cause ridge soil to flow back, completing soil-covering for potted seedling holes. Damage to the potted seedlings can be effectively reduced, the survival rate is increased, the soil-covering effect can be achieved, excessive compaction can be avoided, and the ridge structure can be reinforced.

Description

A vibration-type backflow soil covering device for transplanting on ridges Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting machinery design, and in particular to a ridge transplanting vibration type backflow soil covering device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of agricultural mechanization, mechanized transplanting has become increasingly integrated into all aspects of agricultural cultivation. Mechanized transplanting has not only significantly alleviated the challenges of small rural populations and labor shortages, but has also increased crop planting efficiency and yields. Ridge transplanting has been a particularly important development in recent years.

[0003] Ridge transplanting involves using a transplanter to plant the seedlings onto a prepared ridge, followed by covering and compacting the soil. Existing ridge transplanters typically use covering wheels for this purpose. These wheels act on the ridge, compacting the ridge soil around the seedlings through the gaps between the wheels, thereby stabilizing the plants and ensuring the seedlings stand upright. At the same time, they also increase contact between the ridge soil and the seedlings, ensuring normal plant growth. Because the covering wheels operate directly on the ridge and are relatively close to the seedlings, drivers often fail to maintain a straight line during actual operation, causing the covering wheels to crush the seedlings, resulting in damage or even death. Furthermore, excessive covering and compacting can lead to over-compaction of the ridge soil, reducing its porosity and affecting its air permeability and water penetration, thus restricting the normal growth and development of the seedlings. In severe cases, this can hinder water drainage, leading to waterlogging and root rot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a vibrating reflow covering device for transplanting on ridges. The device acts on both sides of the ridge and uses the fluidity of the ridge soil to cover the holes of the seedlings in the pots. It can effectively reduce damage to the seedlings in the pots and increase the survival rate. It can not only achieve the covering effect, but also avoid excessive compaction and reinforce the ridge structure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A ridge transplanting vibration type return soil covering device includes a mounting frame, a vertical base plate, a cam connecting rod mechanism and a soil-patting actuator. The mounting frame serves as the frame of the entire soil covering device, is installed on the rear cross beam of the transplanter, and follows the transplanter to move forward between the ridges. The two sides of the mounting frame are respectively connected to the vertical base plates, and the cam connecting rod mechanism is installed on the vertical base plates. The cam connecting rod mechanism includes a cam, a roller, a sliding push rod, a preload spring and a connecting rod. The soil-patting actuator is a long plate, the middle part of which is rotatably set on the vertical base plate, and the upper end is inclined toward the inner side of the vertical base plate and hinged to the end of the connecting rod. Driven by the cam connecting rod mechanism, the soil-patting actuator continuously vibrates and pats on both sides of the ridge after the seedlings are just planted, so as to cause the ridge soil to flow back and complete the soil covering of the seedling holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the cam-linkage mechanism includes a cam, a roller, a sliding push rod, a preload spring and a connecting rod. The cam is located at the uppermost end of the vertical base plate and is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. A roller is provided on the top of the sliding push rod, and the roller is tightly against the cam. The sliding push rod can move up and down in the vertical base plate. The lower end of the sliding push rod is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the soil-beating actuator. One end of the preload spring is fixed to the vertical base plate, and the other end is connected to the sliding push rod, which is used to provide an upward force for the sliding push rod so that the roller at its top is always tightly against the cam.

[0008] Furthermore, a straight slot is provided on the vertical base plate, and the hinge axis of the sliding push rod and the connecting rod is located in the straight slot.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the connecting rod is adjustable.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting rod is of a nested design, including a connecting rod sleeve and a connecting rod shaft. The connecting rod shaft is installed in the connecting rod sleeve. A plurality of slots are opened on the connecting rod sleeve along the length direction. The length of the connecting rod can be adjusted by adjusting the connecting rod shaft to fix the slots at different positions on the corresponding connecting rod sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the soil-beating actuator is designed to imitate the shape of a shovel, with reinforcing ribs in the middle and two side plates bent toward the middle at a certain angle.

[0012] Furthermore, the mounting frame is a rectangular frame, which is fixed to the rear crossbeam of the transplanter by bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving motor is fixed on the outside of the vertical base plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects that can be achieved by the present invention are:

[0015] 1. The cam-link mechanism drives the covering plate to vibrate vertically on both sides of the ridge, utilizing the fluidity of the ridge soil to cover the seedling holes. This means the machine operates on both sides of the ridge, not directly on the ridge. This avoids the risk of the covering wheel crushing the seedlings due to the machine's uneven travel, which is common with transmission covering methods. This reduces damage to the seedlings and increases their survival rate. 2. While ensuring the stability of the seedlings, it prevents the ridge soil from being compacted by the covering wheel, which could lead to a hardened layer. This is beneficial to the growth and development of the seedling roots and water penetration. 3. By vibrating the ridge sides, the machine not only covers the seedling holes but also helps to increase the firmness of the soil on both sides, thus reinforcing and protecting the ridge structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention when assembled on a transplanter;

[0017] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0018] FIG3 is a left side view of the present invention;

[0019] FIG4 is an isometric view of the present invention;

[0020] FIG5 is a timing diagram of the soil beating process of performing a cycle of beating, smoothing and lifting according to the present invention;

[0021] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the contact between the cam and the roller of the present invention;

[0022] FIG7 is a diagram showing the working positions of the cam and the roller of the present invention at four corresponding moments.

[0023] Reference numerals: 1 mounting frame, 2 vertical base plate, 3 cam, 4 roller, 5 sliding push rod, 6 connecting rod, 7 soil-beating actuator, 8 pin shaft, 9 preload spring, 10 driving motor, 11 duckbill planter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the operation of a vibrating backflow covering device for transplanting on a ridge when it is assembled on a transplanter. The covering device described in the present invention is fixedly connected to the rear crossbeam of the transplanter, with a duckbill planter 11 in front. The transplanter moves forward between the ridges, and the duckbill planter 11 makes holes on the ridge surface during the movement, and plants the seedlings in the ridge soil. Immediately thereafter, the soil-beating actuator of the covering device continuously beats the two sides of the ridge, promoting the backflow and covering of the ridge soil through vibration, thereby ensuring the uprightness and survival rate of the seedlings.

[0026] Figures 2-4 are structural schematic diagrams of the present invention. A ridge transplanting and enhanced ridge soil return device of the present invention includes a frame, a power drive unit, a power transmission unit, a return unit, and an execution unit.

[0027] The frame comprises a mounting frame 1 and a vertical base plate 2. The mounting frame 1 is a rectangular frame that serves as the chassis for the entire covering device. It is bolted to the rear crossbeam of the transplanter and follows the transplanter between ridges, ensuring the stability of the covering actuator during the covering process. The vertical base plates 2, fixed on either side of the mounting frame 1, serve as the other components of the covering device's chassis and house a power drive unit, power transmission unit, return unit, and actuator unit. Together, the vertical base plates 2 and the mounting frame 1 serve as the chassis to ensure the stability of the covering device during covering operations.

[0028] The power drive unit is a drive motor 10 , which serves as a power source for the entire vibrating soil covering device and is installed on the side of the vertical base plate 2 to drive the cam 3 to rotate.

[0029] The power transmission unit is a cam-connecting rod mechanism, which includes a cam 3, a roller 4, a sliding push rod 5, and a connecting rod 6. Among them, the cam 3, the roller 4, and the sliding push rod 5 constitute a cam roller push rod assembly, and the sliding push rod 5 and the connecting rod 6 constitute a rocker slider assembly.

[0030] The cam 3 is arranged at the uppermost end of the vertical substrate 2 and is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 10. A roller 4 is provided at the upper end of the sliding push rod 5, and the roller 4 is tightly against the cam 3, and the two form a match; the sliding push rod 5 is slidingly arranged in the vertical substrate 2 and is slidingly connected to the straight slot on the vertical substrate 2. The lower end of the sliding push rod 5 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 6, and the other end of the connecting rod 6 is hinged to the upper end of the soil-beating actuator 7. The middle part of the soil-beating actuator 7 is hinged to the lower end of the vertical substrate 2, and pins 8 are used at all hinges.

[0031] The soil-beating actuator 7 is typically a rectangular plate shaped like a shovel. Two symmetrically positioned left and right soil-beating actuators 7 form a trumpet-shaped arrangement with a smaller top and a larger bottom on either side of the ridge, adapting to the cross-sectional shape of the ridge. By beating the two sides of the ridge, the ridge soil vibrates, promoting soil backflow near the seedling holes, thereby achieving the purpose of covering the soil.

[0032] The return unit mainly refers to the preload spring 9, one end of the preload spring 9 is fixedly connected to the vertical base plate 2, and the other end is connected to the sliding push rod 5. The return spring 9 provides a preload force, which can force the sliding push rod 5 to always have an upward movement trend, thereby ensuring that the roller 4 at the upper end of the sliding push rod 5 is always in contact with the cam 3.

[0033] Furthermore, the connecting rod 6 is of nested design, including a connecting rod sleeve and a connecting rod shaft. The connecting rod shaft is installed in the connecting rod sleeve. A plurality of slots are provided on the connecting rod sleeve along the length direction. By adjusting the connecting rod shaft to fix the slots at different positions on the corresponding connecting rod sleeve, the length of the connecting rod 6 can be adjusted to achieve the effect of adapting to the ridge shape.

[0034] In the soil covering device described herein, a cam 3 is connected to a drive motor 10 and rotates as the drive motor 10 rotates, simultaneously transmitting power to a roller 4, causing the roller 4 and the sliding push rod 5 to move vertically. The roller 4 is connected to the sliding push rod 5, and the power transmitted by the cam 3 causes the roller 4 to roll along the surface contour of the cam 3. The sliding push rod 5 is connected to the roller 4 at its upper end and to the connecting rod 6 and preload spring 9 at its lower end. Under the combined action of the roller 4 and the preload spring 9, the push rod 5 reciprocates vertically along the straight slot of the vertical base plate 2. One end of the connecting rod 6 is hinged to the sliding push rod 5, and the other end is hinged to the soil-beating actuator 7. The inclination angle of the soil-beating actuator 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the connecting rod 6; the connecting rod 6 swings with the movement of the sliding push rod 5, transmitting power to the soil-beating actuator 7. The soil-beating actuator 7, as the last actuator, repeatedly performs the actions of beating the ridge soil downward, smoothing, and lifting on both sides of the ridge, performing a cycle of beating the soil, causing the soil to vibrate, so as to improve the fluidity of the ridge surface, prompt the ridge soil to flow back and fill the holes, and also strengthen the ridge shape on both sides.

[0035] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0036] Figures 5-7 are a timing diagram of a cycle of the patting, smoothing and lifting operations of the present invention and a diagram of the working positions of the cam and roller at corresponding moments. At P1-P2, the soil-patting actuator 7 is in the initial state. At this time, the driving motor 10 drives the cam 3 to rotate, and the rotation angle is equal to the near-rest angle β1 of the cam 3. During this process, the roller 4, the sliding push rod 5, the connecting rod 6 and the soil-patting actuator 7 maintain the position of the state at P1 moment without changing.

[0037] At the moment P2-P3, the driving motor 10 continues to drive the cam 3 to rotate, and the rotation angle is equal to the push stroke motion angle β2 of the cam 3. The soil-beating actuator 7 starts to perform the downward beating action. During this process, the roller 4 and the sliding push rod 5 slide downward along the straight slot, so that the connecting rod 6 drives the upper end of the soil-beating actuator 7 to rotate downward and beat the upper part of the ridge near the hole. The upper end of the soil-beating actuator 7 beats the ridge soil, which promotes the ridge soil to return and cover the soil. At the moment P3, the sliding push rod 5 slides downward to the lower end, and the downward beating process ends.

[0038] At moment P3, the soil-beating actuator 7 is in the final state of the lower beating action. At moment P3-P4, the driving motor 10 drives the cam 3 to rotate at an angle equal to the far repose angle β3 of the cam 3, and the soil-beating actuator 7 begins to smooth out. During the smoothing process, the roller 4, the sliding push rod 5, the connecting rod 6 and the soil-beating actuator 7 maintain the position of the state at moment P3 without changing. At this point, the soil-beating actuator 7 compacts and protects the ridge-shaped structure.

[0039] At the moment P4-P5, the driving motor 10 continues to drive the cam 3 to rotate, and the rotation angle is equal to the return motion angle β4 of the cam 3. The soil-beating actuator 7 starts to lift up. During this process, the roller 4 and the sliding push rod 5 slide upward along the straight slot under the action of the preloaded spring, causing the connecting rod 6 to drive the soil-beating actuator 7 to swing, and the upper end of the soil-beating actuator 7 is lifted. At the moment P5, the soil-beating actuator 7 returns to its initial position, completing a cycle of patting, smoothing, and lifting to pat the soil and compact it.

[0040] The present invention is used on a transplanter. During the transplanting process on the ridge, the motor drives the cam connecting rod mechanism, so that the soil-beating actuator performs a cyclic soil-beating action of patting, smoothing, and lifting at a certain frequency. The soil-beating actuator presents a trumpet-shaped distribution on the cross section of the ridge, which is small at the top and large at the bottom and matches the ridge shape. The ridge-beating action mainly acts on the upper part of the ridge, near the position of the seedling pot hole, which is more conducive to the return of soil. The soil-beating frequency can also be increased or decreased by controlling the speed of the drive motor to better match the planting frequency of the transplanter. The soil-beating vibration method is used on both sides of the ridge to promote the return of ridge soil, which can reduce damage to the seedling pot, and will not over-compact the soil layer, which is conducive to the growth of the seedling pot, and can also reinforce the ridge shape.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the present profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration type backflow soil covering device for transplanting on ridges, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a mounting frame, a vertical base plate, a cam-linkage mechanism and a soil-patting actuator. The mounting frame serves as the frame of the entire soil-covering device, is mounted on the rear cross beam of the transplanter, and follows the transplanter to move forward between ridges. The two sides of the mounting frame are respectively connected with vertical base plates, and a cam-linkage mechanism is mounted on the vertical base plate. The cam-linkage mechanism comprises a cam, a roller, a sliding push rod, a preload spring and a connecting rod. The cam is located at the uppermost end of the vertical base plate and is connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. A roller is arranged on the top of the sliding push rod, and the roller is arranged tightly against the cam. The sliding push rod can move up and down in the vertical base plate. The sliding push rod The lower end of the push rod is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the soil-beating actuator. One end of the preload spring is fixedly connected to the vertical base plate, and the other end is connected to the sliding push rod, which is used to provide an upward force for the sliding push rod so that the roller at its top is always tightly against the cam; the soil-beating actuator is a long plate, the middle part of which is rotatably set on the vertical base plate, and the upper end is inclined toward the inner side of the vertical base plate and hinged to the end of the connecting rod. Driven by the cam connecting rod mechanism, the soil-beating actuator continuously vibrates and beats on both sides of the ridge after the seedlings are just planted, so as to cause the ridge soil to flow back and complete the soil covering of the seedling holes.

2. The vibration type soil-returning and soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: A straight slot is provided on the vertical base plate, and the hinge axis of the sliding push rod and the connecting rod is located in the straight slot.

3. The vibration type soil-returning and soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the connecting rod is adjustable.

4. The vibration type soil-returning and soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rod is of nested design, including a connecting rod sleeve and a connecting rod shaft. The connecting rod shaft is installed in the connecting rod sleeve. A plurality of slots are opened on the connecting rod sleeve along the length direction. The length of the connecting rod can be adjusted by adjusting the connecting rod shaft to fix the slots at different positions on the connecting rod sleeve.

5. The vibration type soil-returning and soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-beating actuator is designed to imitate the shape of a shovel, with reinforcing ribs in the middle and two side plates bent toward the middle at a certain angle.

6. The vibration type soil-returning and soil-covering device for transplanting on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame is a rectangular frame and is fixed on the rear crossbeam of the transplanter by bolts.

7. The vibration type soil-returning and covering device for transplanting on ridges according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving motor is fixed on the outside of the vertical base plate.

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