Fuel cell vehicle, and round-the-clock monitoring system for hydrogen system of fuel cell vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy, and in particular to a fuel cell vehicle, and a round-the-clock monitoring system for a hydrogen system of the fuel cell vehicle. In order to solve the problem in the prior art that the power consumption of a power cell is high due to a low voltage electrical system being wholly electrified when the power cell supplies power to a hydrogen system in a full time domain mode when a vehicle is powered off, in the present invention, two different power supply lines are used for supplying power to a monitoring unit, and a first anti-reverse diode is arranged in series on the line by which a vehicle low voltage power supply module supplies power to the monitoring unit to enable the vehicle low voltage power supply module to only supply power to the monitoring unit unidirectionally, so that the vehicle low voltage electrical system can be prevented from being wholly electrified when a power cell power supply module of the vehicle supplies power, thereby reducing the power consumption when the power cell power supply module serves as a power supply, prolonging the safety monitoring period during long-term parking, and ensuring the safety of the system when the vehicle is parked and powered off.

Description

An all-weather monitoring system for fuel cell vehicles and their hydrogen systems Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new energy technology, and in particular relates to an all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle and its hydrogen system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) still use high-pressure hydrogen cylinders for hydrogen storage. When the vehicle is powered on, the hydrogen system collects data from concentration, temperature, and pressure sensors in the signal acquisition system to monitor the vehicle's hydrogen safety status. However, when the vehicle is parked and powered off, the hydrogen signal acquisition system in the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is powered off, rendering the hydrogen system unable to monitor the vehicle's hydrogen safety status, posing a potential safety hazard. Current conventional hydrogen monitoring methods and strategies are unable to detect abnormal conditions when the vehicle is parked and powered off, resulting in hydrogen leaks that persist and can even cause serious safety incidents such as fires and explosions.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application publication number CN115257468A discloses a full-time monitoring method and system for an on-board hydrogen system. When the vehicle is powered off, the system converts the voltage of the vehicle's power battery to a set voltage to power the relevant controllers of the on-board hydrogen system and obtain status information from the hydrogen system controller. This method, when the vehicle is parked and powered off, activates full-time monitoring and power supply. This may cause the entire vehicle's low-voltage electrical system to be fully energized, resulting in high power consumption for the power battery and potential safety hazards. Furthermore, this method simultaneously powers the hydrogen system monitoring unit and the hydrogen supply unit, posing a safety hazard of uncontrolled activation of the hydrogen supply if the hydrogen system controller malfunctions.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle and its hydrogen system, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that when the power of the entire vehicle is cut off, the hydrogen system is powered by the power battery at all times, so that the low-voltage electrical system is fully energized, resulting in high power consumption of the power battery.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an all-weather monitoring system for the hydrogen system of a fuel cell vehicle, which includes a power battery power supply module, a vehicle low-voltage power supply module and a hydrogen system controller. The vehicle low-voltage power supply module is used to power the hydrogen system controller when the vehicle is powered on and driving normally. The power battery power supply module is used to power the hydrogen system controller through the power battery when the vehicle low-voltage power supply module cannot power the hydrogen system controller. It is characterized in that the hydrogen system controller includes a monitoring unit, which is used to obtain monitored hydrogen parameter information. The power battery power supply module and the vehicle low-voltage power supply module are both powered and connected to the monitoring unit, and a first anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the vehicle low-voltage power supply module and the monitoring unit.

[0007] Its beneficial effects are: in order to solve the problem in the prior art that when the whole vehicle is powered off, the hydrogen system is powered by the power battery throughout the entire time domain, so that the low-voltage electrical system is fully energized, resulting in high power consumption of the power battery, the present invention supplies power to the monitoring unit through two different power supply lines, and a first anti-reverse diode is arranged in series on the line from the low-voltage power supply module of the whole vehicle to the monitoring unit, so that the low-voltage power supply module of the whole vehicle can only supply power to the monitoring unit in one direction, preventing the low-voltage electrical system of the whole vehicle from being fully energized when the vehicle power battery power supply module is supplying power, reducing the power consumption when the power battery power supply module is used as the power supply, improving the long-term parking safety monitoring cycle, and ensuring the safety of the system when the vehicle is parked and powered off and monitored.

[0008] Furthermore, the system also includes a first switch, and the hydrogen system controller also includes a second switch, and the first switch and the second switch are both connected in series to the power supply line of the vehicle low-voltage power supply module to power the bottle valve solenoid valve.

[0009] Its beneficial effects are: when the vehicle is normally powered on, the bottle valve solenoid valve of the hydrogen bottle is controlled to open or close according to the hydrogen demand, preventing the abnormal opening of the bottle valve solenoid valve when the vehicle is parked and the power is cut off, thereby improving the safety of the system.

[0010] Furthermore, a second anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the power battery power supply module and the monitoring unit.

[0011] Its beneficial effect is: ensuring that the power supply direction can only flow from the power battery power supply module to the monitoring unit, avoiding current flowing from the monitoring unit to the power battery power supply module when the vehicle is powered on normally, and further ensuring the safety of the vehicle monitoring system.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydrogen parameter information includes the temperature, high pressure, low pressure and concentration of the hydrogen.

[0013] The beneficial effects are: it is conducive to accurately obtaining the hydrogen status in the hydrogen cylinder according to the above parameters, effectively reducing the probability of safety hazards in the hydrogen system, and improving the safety and stability of the system.

[0014] Furthermore, the power battery power supply module is used to periodically supply power to the monitoring unit or continuously supply power to the monitoring unit.

[0015] Its beneficial effects are: under the premise of meeting monitoring needs, it further reduces power battery consumption, increases the long-term parking safety monitoring cycle of vehicles, and improves the safety and stability of the system.

[0016] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a fuel cell vehicle, which includes a monitoring system for monitoring the status of the vehicle's hydrogen system. The system includes a power battery power supply module, a vehicle low-voltage power supply module and a hydrogen system controller. The vehicle low-voltage power supply module is used to power the hydrogen system controller when the vehicle is powered on and driving normally. The power battery power supply module is used to power the hydrogen system controller through the power battery when the vehicle low-voltage power supply module cannot power the hydrogen system controller. It is characterized in that the hydrogen system controller includes a monitoring unit, which is used to obtain monitored hydrogen parameter information. The power battery power supply module and the vehicle low-voltage power supply module are both powered and connected to the monitoring unit, and a first anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the vehicle low-voltage power supply module and the monitoring unit.

[0017] Its beneficial effects are as follows: the present invention supplies power to the monitoring unit on the vehicle through two different power supply lines, and a first anti-reverse diode is arranged in series on the line from the low-voltage power supply module to the monitoring unit, so that the power supply can only be input into the monitoring unit in one direction, preventing the low-voltage electrical system from being fully energized, reducing power consumption when the power battery is used as the power supply, improving the long-term parking safety monitoring cycle, and ensuring the safety of the vehicle in the parked power-off monitoring state.

[0018] Furthermore, the system also includes a first switch, and the hydrogen system controller also includes a second switch, and the first switch and the second switch are both connected in series to the power supply line of the vehicle low-voltage power supply module to power the bottle valve solenoid valve.

[0019] Its beneficial effects are: when the vehicle is normally powered on, the bottle valve solenoid valve of the hydrogen bottle is controlled to open or close according to the hydrogen demand, and the abnormal opening of the bottle valve solenoid valve is prevented when the vehicle is parked and the power is cut off, thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0020] Furthermore, a second anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the power battery power supply module and the monitoring unit.

[0021] Its beneficial effect is: ensuring that the power supply direction can only flow from the power battery power supply module to the monitoring unit, avoiding current flowing from the monitoring unit to the power battery power supply module when the vehicle is powered on normally, and further ensuring the safety of the vehicle monitoring system.

[0022] Furthermore, the hydrogen parameter information includes the temperature, high pressure, low pressure and concentration of the hydrogen.

[0023] The beneficial effects are: it is helpful to accurately obtain the hydrogen status in the hydrogen cylinder according to the above parameters, effectively reduce the probability of safety hazards in the hydrogen system, and improve the safety and stability of the vehicle.

[0024] Furthermore, the power battery power supply module is used to periodically supply power to the monitoring unit or continuously supply power to the monitoring unit.

[0025] Its beneficial effects are: under the premise of meeting monitoring needs, it further reduces power battery consumption, increases the long-term parking safety monitoring cycle of the vehicle, and improves the safety and stability of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG1 is an all-weather monitoring system for a hydrogen system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The basic concept of the present invention is as follows: the present invention supplies power to the monitoring unit in the hydrogen system controller through two power supplies, and the two power supplies cannot supply power to each other, so that when the monitoring unit performs data acquisition around the clock, the low-voltage power supply of the entire vehicle supplies power to the monitoring unit of the hydrogen system controller, so that the monitoring unit can acquire collected data; when the vehicle is powered off, the power battery power supply module supplies power to the monitoring unit of the hydrogen system controller, so that the monitoring unit can acquire collected data; and a first anti-reverse diode is provided in series on the line through which the low-voltage power supply of the entire vehicle supplies power to the monitoring unit, so as to prevent other low-voltage electrical appliances of the entire vehicle from being abnormally energized when the power battery power supply module supplies power to the monitoring unit. Based on this concept, an all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle and its hydrogen system of the present invention can be realized.

[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and method embodiments.

[0029] Example 1 of an all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle hydrogen system:

[0030] The present invention provides an all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle hydrogen system, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in FIG1 . The system includes a power battery power supply module, a vehicle low-voltage power supply module, a vehicle controller, a first switch, and a hydrogen system controller. The power battery power supply module includes a power battery and a DC / DC, and the hydrogen system controller includes a monitoring unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the hydrogen supply unit is the second switch.

[0031] The power battery is used to supply power to the monitoring unit through DC / DC when the vehicle is parked and powered off; the vehicle low-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the monitoring unit when the vehicle is powered on normally, and is also used to supply power to the bottle valve solenoid valve through the first switch and the hydrogen supply unit, and is also used to supply power to the vehicle controller; the monitoring unit is used to obtain the collected hydrogen data; the hydrogen supply unit is used to realize the on and off of the power supply line between the vehicle low-voltage power supply module and the bottle valve solenoid valve; the monitoring unit is also used to obtain the on or off status of the hydrogen supply unit.

[0032] The specific control process of the system for all-weather monitoring of hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles is as follows:

[0033] 1) When the vehicle is powered on and running normally.

[0034] The vehicle's low-voltage power supply module supplies power to the monitoring unit in the hydrogen system controller, and the monitoring unit is powered on to obtain relevant parameter data of the collected hydrogen; wherein, a unidirectional diode with an anti-reverse function (i.e., the first anti-reverse diode) is arranged between the vehicle's low-voltage power supply module and the monitoring unit to ensure that the power supply direction can only flow from the vehicle's low-voltage power supply module to the monitoring unit, to avoid current flowing from the monitoring unit to the vehicle's low-voltage power supply module when the vehicle's low-voltage power supply module no longer supplies power to the monitoring unit, causing abnormal charging of low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0035] 2) When the vehicle is parked and the power is cut off.

[0036] The power battery is woken up and its high voltage electricity is converted into low voltage electricity through DC / DC to power the monitoring unit in the hydrogen system controller. The monitoring unit is powered on to obtain relevant parameter data of the collected hydrogen. The power battery can be set to timed power supply or 24-hour continuous power supply. A unidirectional diode with anti-reverse function (i.e., the second anti-reverse diode) is provided between the power battery power supply module and the monitoring unit to ensure that the power supply direction can only flow from the power battery to the monitoring unit, avoiding current flowing from the monitoring unit to the DC / DC when the vehicle is normally powered on.

[0037] The hydrogen data acquired by the monitoring unit in this embodiment includes the temperature, high pressure, low pressure and concentration of the hydrogen, and the corresponding data are collected by the hydrogen temperature sensor, hydrogen high pressure sensor, hydrogen low pressure sensor and hydrogen concentration sensor in Figure 1 respectively.

[0038] In the present invention, diodes that only allow one-way power transmission are provided between the power battery power supply module and the monitoring unit, and between the low-voltage power supply module of the vehicle and the monitoring unit, to avoid abnormal power supply to other low-voltage electrical appliances in the vehicle under the two power supply states, while reducing the power consumption of the power battery and improving the long-term parking safety monitoring cycle.

[0039] Example 2 of the all-weather monitoring system for the hydrogen system of a fuel cell vehicle:

[0040] The present invention provides an all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle hydrogen system, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in FIG1 . The system includes a power battery power supply module, a vehicle low-voltage power supply module, a vehicle controller, a first switch, and a hydrogen system controller. The power battery power supply module includes a power battery and a DC / DC, and the hydrogen system controller includes a monitoring unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the hydrogen supply unit is the second switch.

[0041] The power battery is used to supply power to the monitoring unit via a DC / DC converter when the vehicle is parked and powered off. The vehicle's low-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the monitoring unit when the vehicle is powered on normally. It is also used to supply power to the cylinder valve solenoid valve via the first switch and the hydrogen supply unit, and to the vehicle controller. The monitoring unit is used to obtain collected hydrogen data. The hydrogen supply unit is used to connect and disconnect the power supply line between the vehicle's low-voltage power supply module and the cylinder valve solenoid valve. The monitoring unit is also used to obtain the on / off status of the hydrogen supply unit. Moreover, in this embodiment, the first switch is controlled by the vehicle controller, and data exchange is possible between the vehicle controller and the hydrogen system controller.

[0042] The system uses the following control methods to address the potential safety hazard of uncontrolled hydrogen supply activation caused by an abnormality in the hydrogen system controller when the vehicle is powered off:

[0043] ①When the vehicle is driving normally.

[0044] The vehicle's low-voltage power supply module supplies power to the vehicle controller through a separate line. When there is a demand for hydrogen supply, the vehicle controller controls the first switch on the line to close and sends a control signal to the hydrogen system controller. The hydrogen system controller controls its internal hydrogen supply unit (i.e., the second switch) to close. At this time, the vehicle's low-voltage power supply module supplies power to the hydrogen cylinder's bottle valve solenoid valve through the first switch and the second switch.

[0045] ②When the vehicle is powered off.

[0046] The vehicle controller is powered off and cannot control the first switch to close, and cannot send a control signal to the hydrogen system controller to control the second switch to close, so that the bottle valve solenoid valve of the hydrogen bottle cannot be opened when the vehicle is powered off.

[0047] In the power-off state, the power supply circuit of the hydrogen system bottle valve of the entire vehicle of the present invention is always disconnected, and hydrogen cannot be supplied. Even if there is an abnormality in the hydrogen system controller during the power-off monitoring of the entire vehicle, the power supply of the bottle valve solenoid valve of the hydrogen bottle cannot be connected, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle in the power-off monitoring state when the vehicle is parked.

[0048] Fuel cell vehicle example:

[0049] A fuel cell vehicle of the present invention can detect relevant parameters of hydrogen both in normal operation and when the vehicle is parked and the power is cut off, without causing abnormal charging of other low-voltage electrical appliances in the vehicle, and cannot control the power supply to the solenoid valve of the hydrogen cylinder when the vehicle is parked and the power is cut off, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle in the parked and power-off monitoring state. The specific control principle has been described in detail in Example 1 of the all-weather monitoring system for the hydrogen system of the fuel cell vehicle and Example 2 of the all-weather monitoring system for the hydrogen system of the fuel cell vehicle, so it will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A 24 / 7 monitoring system for a hydrogen system of a fuel cell vehicle, the system comprising a power battery power supply module, a vehicle low-voltage power supply module and a hydrogen system controller, wherein the vehicle low-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the hydrogen system controller when the vehicle is powered on and running normally, and the power battery power supply module is used to supply power to the hydrogen system controller through the power battery when the vehicle low-voltage power supply module cannot supply power to the hydrogen system controller, characterized in that: The hydrogen system controller includes a monitoring unit, which is used to obtain monitored hydrogen parameter information. The power battery power supply module and the vehicle low-voltage power supply module are both powered and connected to the monitoring unit, and a first anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the vehicle low-voltage power supply module and the monitoring unit.

2. The all-weather monitoring system for the hydrogen system of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a first switch, and the hydrogen system controller also includes a second switch, and the first switch and the second switch are both connected in series to a power supply circuit for supplying power to the bottle valve solenoid valve by the low-voltage power supply module of the whole vehicle.

3. The all-weather monitoring system for the hydrogen system of a fuel cell vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the power battery power supply module and the monitoring unit.

4. The all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle hydrogen system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen parameter information includes the temperature, high pressure, low pressure and concentration of the hydrogen.

5. The all-weather monitoring system for a fuel cell vehicle hydrogen system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The power battery power supply module is used to provide power to the monitoring unit periodically or continuously.

6. A fuel cell vehicle, the fuel cell vehicle comprising a monitoring system for monitoring the status of the vehicle's hydrogen system, the system comprising a power battery power supply module, a vehicle low-voltage power supply module and a hydrogen system controller, the vehicle low-voltage power supply module is used to supply power to the hydrogen system controller when the vehicle is powered on and running normally, and the power battery power supply module is used to supply power to the hydrogen system controller through the power battery when the vehicle low-voltage power supply module cannot supply power to the hydrogen system controller, characterized in that: The hydrogen system controller includes a monitoring unit, which is used to obtain monitored hydrogen parameter information. The power battery power supply module and the vehicle low-voltage power supply module are both powered and connected to the monitoring unit, and a first anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the vehicle low-voltage power supply module and the monitoring unit.

7. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The system also includes a first switch, and the hydrogen system controller also includes a second switch, and the first switch and the second switch are both connected in series to a power supply circuit for supplying power to the bottle valve solenoid valve by the low-voltage power supply module of the whole vehicle.

8. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second anti-reverse diode is connected in series on the power supply line between the power battery power supply module and the monitoring unit.

9. The fuel cell vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hydrogen parameter information includes the temperature, high pressure, low pressure and concentration of the hydrogen.

10. The fuel cell vehicle according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The power battery power supply module is used to provide power to the monitoring unit periodically or continuously.

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