Circuit module and battery pack system

Abstract

The present application provides a circuit module and a battery pack system. By closing a first switch Ki1, a battery unit B2i, a battery unit B2i+1, and a battery unit B2i+2 can be directly bypassed; when a second switch Ki2 is closed, the battery cell B2i, the battery cell B2i+1, the battery cell B2i+2, and a battery cell B2i+3 can be directly bypassed; when a third switch Ki3 is closed, the battery cell B2i+1, the battery cell B2i+2, and the battery cell B2i+3 can be bypassed. Multiple battery cells can be bypassed by closing one switch. The complexity of battery cell control can be reduced.

Description

A circuit module and battery pack system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 6, 2023, with application number 202311667192.7 and invention name “A Circuit Module and Battery Pack System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to a circuit module and a battery pack system. Background Art

[0003] For some retired battery cells, they can be recycled in a cascade. Multiple battery cells can be connected in series or in parallel to form a battery pack. Multiple battery packs in series form a battery cluster. Multiple battery clusters in parallel form a battery system, which can improve the capacity and output capacity of the battery system. Cascade recycling requires the use of multiple retired battery cells, which have very different capacities, voltages, and specifications. If some of the battery cells in the assembled battery pack have problems, the individual battery cells need to be reassembled into a battery pack, which is a complex and costly process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a circuit module and a battery pack system to reduce the complexity of battery cell control.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a circuit module configured to couple battery cells in a battery pack. In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit module includes: m first switch groups, wherein the first switch group in the i-th first switch group includes: a first switch K i 1. Second switch K i 2. The third switch K i 3, 1≤i≤m. First switch K i The first end of 1 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the first switch K i The second end of 1 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2i+3 The negative pole of the second switch K i The first end of 2 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the second switch K i The second end of 2 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i+3 The positive pole of the third switch K i The first end of 3 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i The positive pole of the third switch K i The second end of 3 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i+3The i-th first switch group is configured to selectively bypass the battery cell B 2i , the battery cell B 2i+1 , the battery cell B 2i+2 and the battery cell B 2i+3 By closing a switch, multiple battery cells can be bypassed, which can reduce the complexity of battery cell control.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present application, the i-th first switch group is configured to perform at least one of the following operations. i 1 is configured as the first switch K i 1 is in closed state, bypassing battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 , the second switch K i 2 is configured as the second switch K i 2 is in the closed state, bypassing battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 , the third switch K i 3 is configured the third switch K i 3 is in the closed state, bypassing battery unit B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 .

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit module further includes: a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a sixth switch, and a seventh switch. The first end of the fourth switch is configured to connect to the negative electrode of the battery pack and is also connected to the first end of the fifth switch. The second end of the fourth switch is configured to connect to the negative electrode of the first battery cell B1. The second end of the fifth switch is configured to connect to the positive electrode of the first battery cell B1 and the negative electrode of the second battery cell B2. The first end of the sixth switch is connected to the first end of the seventh switch, and the second end of the sixth switch is configured to connect to the negative electrode of the last battery cell and the positive electrode of the second-to-last battery cell. The first end of the seventh switch is configured to connect to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the seventh switch is configured to connect to the positive electrode of the last battery cell. The fourth and fifth switches are configured to be in opposite connection states, and the sixth and seventh switches are configured to be in opposite connection states, where the connection states include an on state and an off state.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switch is configured so that when the fourth switch is in a closed state, the first battery cell is connected; the fifth switch is configured so that when the fifth switch is in a closed state, the first battery cell is bypassed; the seventh switch is configured so that when the seventh switch is in a closed state, the last battery cell is connected; and the sixth switch is configured so that when the sixth switch is in a closed state, the last battery cell is bypassed.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the circuit module further includes n second switch groups. In the jth second switch group, the second switch group includes: an eighth switch K j 8. Ninth switch K j 9. Tenth switch K j 10. Eleventh switch K j 11, 1≤j≤n, the eighth switch K j The first end of 8 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2j The positive electrode of the eighth switch K j The second end of 8 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2j+1 The negative electrode of the ninth switch K j The first end of 9 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j The positive electrode of the ninth switch K j The second end of 9 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j+1 The positive electrode of the tenth switch K j The first end 10 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j The negative electrode of the tenth switch K j The second end 10 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j+1 The negative electrode of the eleventh switch K j The first end 11 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j The negative electrode of the eleventh switch K j The second end of 11 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j+1 The j-th second switch group is configured to selectively connect or bypass the battery cell B 2j , the battery cell B 2j+1 .

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the j-th second switch group is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: the eighth switch K j 8 is configured as the eighth switch K j 8 is in the closed state, connected to the battery unit B 2j and the battery cell B 2j+1 The ninth switch Kj 9 is configured as the ninth switch K j 9 is in the closed state, bypassing the battery cell B 2j+1 The tenth switch K j 10 is configured as the tenth switch K j 10 is in the closed state, bypassing the battery cell B 2j The eleventh switch K j 11 is configured as the eleventh switch K j 11 is in the closed state, bypassing the battery cell B 1j and the battery cell B 2j+1 The second switch group realizes the function realized by the first switch group when preventing the first switch group from failing, thereby improving the reliability of the circuit module.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell B k Connect the positive terminal of battery cell B k A fuse is provided between the positive switch of the battery cell B k+1 Connect the negative terminal of battery cell B k+1 A fuse is provided between the switch of the negative pole.

[0012] A second aspect of the present application provides a battery pack system, comprising: a circuit module and a battery pack as described in any one of the first aspects above, wherein the battery pack comprises x battery cells, and the circuit module is configured to couple the battery cells in the battery pack.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, 2i+4≤x.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, when x is an even number, And x≥6; when x is an odd number, And x≥5.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, when x is an even number, And x≥6; when x is an odd number, And x≥5.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the embodiment of the present application: The embodiment of the present application provides a circuit module and a battery pack system, by closing the first switch K i 1. You can directly put the battery cell B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 Bypass, the second switch K i 2 When in the closed state, the battery unit B can be directly 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 Bypass, third switch K i 3 When in closed state, battery cell B can be bypassed 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 By closing a switch, multiple battery cells can be bypassed, which can reduce the complexity of battery cell control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a bridge inverter circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a bridge inverter circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a first structural connection between a circuit module and a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a second structural connection between a circuit module and a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a first flow chart of a battery pack system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG8 is a second flow chart of the battery pack system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] In order to reduce the complexity of battery cell control, an embodiment of the present application provides a circuit module and a battery pack system.

[0028] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit module provided in an embodiment of the present application. The circuit module is used to couple battery cells in a battery pack. A battery cell can be a single battery, or a battery pack composed of multiple single batteries connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. Multiple single batteries in a mixed manner refer to the connection between the single batteries including both series and parallel connections. The circuit module can be provided in a battery pack. When the battery cell is a single battery, the battery cell can include a positive terminal and a negative terminal.

[0029] The battery pack may include a connector having a plurality of terminals. The battery pack may be electrically connected to an external device via the connector to enable charging and discharging of the battery pack. Specifically, the battery pack may be electrically connected to an external charger via the connector, and the charger charges the battery pack. The battery pack may also be electrically connected to a connector on an electrical device via the connector to charge or supply power to the electrical device. As an example, the electrical device may be an energy storage product (household energy storage product, industrial energy storage product, commercial energy storage product, UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), etc.), an aircraft (drone), an electric vehicle (electric bicycle, electric motorcycle, electric vehicle, etc.), an electric tool, an electric cleaning tool (vacuum cleaner, sweeper, etc.), etc. In addition, the battery pack may also be connected to a corresponding control component, for example, using different bridge inverter circuits to process the voltage output by the battery pack to obtain single-phase AC power or three-phase AC power.

[0030] For example, see Figure 2 . In Figure 2 , B+ represents the positive terminal of the battery pack, B- represents the negative terminal, and the inverter circuit includes diodes D1-D4 and transistors Q1-Q4. L and N represent the output of the inverter circuit, which generates single-phase AC power after processing.

[0031] For example, see Figure 3. In Figure 3, B+ represents the positive terminal of the battery pack, B- represents the negative terminal, and the inverter circuit includes diodes D1-D6 and transistors Q1-Q6. A, B, and C represent the output of the inverter circuit, which generates three-phase AC power after processing.

[0032] In some embodiments, the circuit module includes m first switch groups, each of which includes three switches. Optionally, the i-th first switch group includes: first switch K i 1. Second switch K i 2. The third switch K i3, 1≤i≤m. i is an integer. For example, when i is 1, it means that the first first switch group includes: the first switch K11, the second switch K12, and the third switch K13. When i is 2, it means that the second first switch group includes: the first switch K11, the second switch K22, and the third switch K23. When i is m, it means that the mth first switch group includes: the first switch K m 1. Second switch K m 2. The third switch K m 3. First switch K i The first end of 1 is connected to the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the first switch K i The second end of 1 is connected to battery cell B 2i+3 The negative pole of the second switch K i The first end of 2 is connected to the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the second switch K i The second end of 2 is connected to battery cell B 2i+3 The third switch K i The first end of 3 is connected to the battery cell B 2i The positive pole of the third switch K i The second end of 3 is connected to the battery cell B 2i+3 positive electrode.

[0033] The i-th first switch group can selectively bypass the battery cell B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 and battery cell B 2i+3 Multiple battery cells in.

[0034] First switch K i The first end of 1 is connected to the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the first switch K i The second end of 1 is connected to battery cell B 2i+3 The negative pole of the first switch K i 1 is in the closed state, so that the battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 Not connected to the circuit, that is, battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 For example, when i is 1, the first switch K11 in the first switch group is in a closed state, and the battery cells B2, B3, and B4 in the battery pack can be bypassed.

[0035] Second switch K i The first end of 2 is connected to the battery cell B 2iThe negative pole of the second switch K i The second end of 2 is connected to battery cell B 2i+3 The second switch K i 2 When in the closed state, the battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 bypass.

[0036] The third switch K i The first end of 3 is connected to the battery cell B 2i The positive pole of the third switch K i The second end of 3 is connected to the battery cell B 2i+3 The third switch K i 3 When in closed state, battery cell B can be bypassed 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 .

[0037] In the first switch group, closing a single switch can bypass multiple battery cells, thereby reducing the complexity of battery cell control. Furthermore, closing a single switch can reduce the number of components in the battery pack circuit through which current flows, thereby reducing energy loss due to the battery pack's on-resistance.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery cells located at the two ends of the battery pack are the first battery cell and the second battery cell. Optionally, the first battery cell is connected to the negative pole of the battery pack, and the last battery cell is connected to the positive pole of the battery pack. Optionally, the first battery cell is connected to the positive pole of the battery pack, and the last battery cell is connected to the negative pole of the battery pack. The circuit module also includes: a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a sixth switch, and a seventh switch. In the present application, the connection state of the switch includes an on state and an off state. In some embodiments of the present application, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are in opposite connection states, and the sixth switch and the seventh switch are in opposite connection states. It can be understood that the fourth switch is in the on state and the fifth switch is in the off state, or the fourth switch is in the off state and the fifth switch is in the off state.

[0039] In one specific embodiment, the first end of the fourth switch is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack and the first end of the fifth switch, respectively. The second end of the fourth switch is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery cell. The second end of the fifth switch is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery cell and the negative electrode of the second battery cell. When the fourth switch is closed and the fifth switch is open, the first battery cell can be connected to the circuit and can receive external power for charging and output power for discharge. When the fifth switch is closed and the fourth switch is open, the circuit path bypasses the first battery cell, that is, the first battery cell is bypassed and cannot receive external power or output power.

[0040] Correspondingly, the sixth switch and the seventh switch are in opposite connection states: the sixth switch is in the on state and the seventh switch is in the off state, or the sixth switch is in the off state and the seventh switch is in the on state.

[0041] The first end of the sixth switch is connected to the first end of the seventh switch, the second end of the sixth switch is connected to the negative terminal of the last battery cell and the positive terminal of the second-to-last battery cell, the first end of the seventh switch is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack, and the second end of the seventh switch is connected to the positive terminal of the last battery cell. When the seventh switch is closed and the sixth switch is open, the last battery cell can be connected to the circuit and can receive external power for charging and output power for discharge. When the sixth switch is closed and the seventh switch is open, the circuit path bypasses the last battery cell, that is, the last battery cell is bypassed and cannot receive external power or output power.

[0042] The fourth switch and the fifth switch can realize the access and bypass of the first battery unit, and the sixth switch and the seventh switch can realize the access and bypass of the last battery unit.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, for any switch, the type of the switch may be an electromechanical relay, a contactor, or a transistor. The types of the switches may be the same or different.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, in order to achieve access and bypass of two adjacent battery cells, the circuit module further includes n second switch groups. The jth second switch group includes: an eighth switch K j 8. Ninth switch K j 9. Tenth switch K j 10. Eleventh switch K j 11, 1≤j≤n. The eighth switch K j The first end of 8 is connected to the battery cell B 2j The positive pole of the eighth switch K j The second end of 8 is connected to the battery cell B2j+1 The negative pole of the eighth switch K j 8 is in the on state, the battery cell B 2j and battery cell B 2j+1 Connected in series. Ninth switch K j The first end of 9 is connected to the battery cell B 2j The positive pole of the ninth switch K j The second end of 9 is connected to the battery cell B 2j+1 The positive pole of the ninth switch K j When 9 is in the on state, the circuit path can bypass the battery cell B 2j+1 , that is, battery cell B 2j+1 Bypassed. The tenth switch K j The first end of 10 is connected to the battery cell B 2j The negative pole of the tenth switch K j The second end of 10 is connected to the battery cell B 2j+1 The negative pole of the tenth switch K j When 10 is in the on state, the circuit path can bypass the battery cell B 2j , that is, battery cell B 2j Bypassed. The eleventh switch K j The first end of 11 is connected to the battery cell B 2j The negative pole of the eleventh switch K j The second end of 11 is connected to the battery cell B 2j+1 The positive pole of the eleventh switch K j When 11 is in the on state, the circuit path can bypass the battery cell B 2j 、Battery cell B 2j+1 , that is, battery cell B 2j 、Battery cell B 2j+1 Bypass. The jth second switch group can selectively connect or bypass battery unit B 2j 、Battery cell B 2j+1 .

[0045] The jth second switch group can selectively connect or bypass battery unit B 2j 、Battery cell B 2j+1 , when a switch in the first switch group fails, a corresponding switch can be selected from the second switch group to implement the function to be implemented by the switch in the first switch group, selectively accessing or bypassing the corresponding battery unit.

[0046] For example, the first switch K i 1 is in the on state, the battery cell B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 Bypassed, if the first switch K i1 fails, the eleventh switch K can be controlled i 11. Tenth switch K i+1 10 conduction.

[0047] For another example, the second switch K i 2 is in the conducting state, the battery cell B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 Bypass, if the second switch K i 2 fails, the eleventh switch K can be controlled i 11. Eleventh switch K i+1 11 is on.

[0048] For another example, the third switch K i 3 is in the on state, bypassing battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 If the third switch K i 3 fails, the ninth switch K can be controlled i 9. Eleventh switch K i+1 11 is on.

[0049] The second switch group can implement the function implemented by the first switch group when the first switch group fails, thereby improving the reliability of the circuit module.

[0050] As shown in Figure 4, B- represents the negative electrode of the battery pack, B+ represents the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the battery pack includes x battery cells. B1 is the first battery cell, B2 is the second battery cell, B3 is the third battery cell, B4 is the fourth battery cell, and B x is the last battery cell. S4 is the fourth switch, S5 is the fifth switch, S6 is the sixth switch, and S7 is the seventh switch.

[0051] K11 is the first switch in the first first switch group, K12 is the second switch in the first first switch group, K13 is the third switch in the first first switch group, K21 is the first switch in the second first switch group, K22 is the second switch in the second first switch group, and K23 is the third switch in the second first switch group.

[0052] K18 is the eighth switch in the first second switch group, K19 is the ninth switch in the first second switch group, K110 is the tenth switch in the first second switch group, and K111 is the eleventh switch in the first second switch group. K28 is the eighth switch in the second second switch group, K29 is the ninth switch in the second second switch group, K210 is the tenth switch in the second second switch group, and K211 is the eleventh switch in the second second switch group.

[0053] The connection relationship between the circuit module and the battery pack is shown in FIG4 .

[0054] Based on the embodiment shown in FIG4. In some embodiments of the present application, the battery cell B k Connect the positive terminal of battery cell B k A fuse is provided between the positive switch of the battery cell B k+1 Connect the negative terminal of battery cell B k+1 A fuse is provided between the switches of the negative pole of the battery cell to prevent the battery cell from short circuiting, thereby realizing overcurrent protection of each battery cell and preventing the battery cell from being damaged.

[0055] In one example, the circuit module includes p fuse groups, battery cells B k The positive electrode of battery cell B k+1 The negative pole of is connected to the fuse, k can be an odd number. When x is an even number, When x is an odd number, a fuse may be provided between the positive terminal of the last battery cell and the switch connected to the positive terminal of the last battery cell, that is, Wherein, x is the total number of battery cells. As shown in Figure 5, x is an even number, and fuse F1 is connected between the positive electrode of battery cell B1 and the negative electrode of battery cell B2. Fuse F2 is connected between the positive electrode of battery cell B3 and the negative electrode of battery cell B4. Fuse F3 is connected between the positive electrode of battery cell B5 and the negative electrode of battery cell B6 (battery cell B6 is not shown in Figure 5). Fuse Fp is connected between the positive electrode of battery cell Bx-1 and the negative electrode of battery cell Bx. Fuses are set in the common circuit of adjacent battery cells, which can reduce the number of fuses and prevent battery cells from short-circuiting. It can also achieve overcurrent protection for each battery cell and prevent battery cell damage.

[0056] An embodiment of the present application further provides a battery pack system, comprising a battery pack and any of the circuit modules described above.

[0057] The battery pack includes x battery cells, and the circuit module can be coupled to the battery cells in the battery pack.

[0058] The battery pack includes x battery cells, as shown in FIG6 , including battery cell 1 , battery cell 2 , . . . , battery cell x.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the first switch group can be used to selectively bypass the battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 and battery cell B 2i+3 Multiple battery cells in 4 battery cells. If the bypass battery cell B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 and battery cell B 2i+3 4 battery cells, and cascade utilization of battery cells requires at least one battery cell to be connected to the circuit. Therefore, 2i+4≤x. When x is an even number, x≥6, When x is an odd number, x≥5,

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the second switch group can be used to selectively connect or bypass the battery unit B 2j 、Battery cell B 2j+1 If the bypass battery unit B 2j 、Battery cell B 2j+1 2 battery cells, and the cascade utilization of battery cells requires at least one battery cell to be connected to the circuit. Therefore, when x is an even number, When x is an odd number,

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the system further includes a controller. The controller can control the first and second switch groups, the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh switches. The controller controls the on and off states of the first and second switch groups, the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh switches based on the charging and discharging behavior of each battery cell. In some embodiments, the controller determines the charging and discharging behavior of each battery cell based on at least one of the battery capacity, temperature, internal resistance, degree of battery expansion, voltage, current, and battery life of the battery cell during charging and / or discharging.

[0062] For example, the controller includes an MCU (Micro Control Unit) and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The MCU can collect battery cell capacity, temperature, internal resistance, battery swelling, voltage, current, and battery life. The FPGA, on the other hand, offers higher real-time performance. It can determine which battery cell to connect and which to bypass based on at least one of the battery cell capacity, temperature, internal resistance, battery swelling, voltage, current, and battery life. After determining which battery cell to connect and which to bypass, the FPGA can control the on and off of each switch in the circuit module based on the control logic relationship between the switches and battery cells.

[0063] As shown in FIG7 , after obtaining the battery capacity, temperature, internal resistance, degree of battery expansion, voltage, current, and battery life of the battery cells, the performance indicators of the battery cells can be evaluated to determine the performance of each battery cell and filter out unusable battery cells. The method for evaluating the performance indicators of the battery cells to determine the performance of each battery cell and filter out unusable battery cells can refer to the method for evaluating the performance indicators of battery cells in the related art and will not be repeated here.

[0064] After filtering out unusable battery cells, available battery cells are obtained. Based on the available battery cells, all possible combinations can be calculated to obtain a combination set, and a lookup table is formed according to the corresponding voltages. It is understood that the lookup table may include combinations corresponding to various voltages.

[0065] Based on voltage requirements, which include the voltage required at each moment, a lookup table can be used to find the combination corresponding to the voltage required at that moment. Specifically, the lookup table is used to map the output voltage at each moment to a corresponding combination, allowing for time-sharing control to ensure the battery pack outputs the corresponding output voltage and provides the required voltage. In one example, when a voltage corresponds to multiple combinations, the number of switches used for each combination is determined, with the combination with the fewest switches being prioritized.

[0066] After selecting the corresponding combination, the controller weighs the corresponding relationship between the capacity of the battery cells and the output voltage of the corresponding combination, and determines whether the switch combination corresponding to the switch combination is in the "unavailable set". If so, the controller returns to the step "Using the lookup table to match the output voltage at each moment with the corresponding combination to determine the current combination" to continue the operation. If not, the controller selects the current combination and performs the operation. In other words, the controller controls the conduction and disconnection of the switch combination corresponding to the current combination.

[0067] Since the object of application of this application is retired battery cells, there may be a situation where the output capacity of the battery pack system is insufficient, and the controller may correspond to the control logic shown in Figure 8. After the battery cell combination is determined and the switch combination corresponding to the battery cell combination is controlled to work, if the load suddenly changes at any time, for example, the load increases, causing the output voltage to decrease by V1, it is necessary to find the battery cell with a voltage closest to V1 among the non-working battery cells to be ready for connection, and then weigh whether the battery capacity meets the requirements to maintain the target voltage. If the load decreases, causing the output voltage to increase by V2, it is necessary to find the battery cell with a voltage closest to V2 among the working battery cells to be ready for bypass, and then weigh whether the battery capacity meets the requirements to maintain the target voltage. That is, if the output load sudden change causes a large voltage change, the controller can weigh the battery cell capacity and select the battery cell closest to the changed voltage to connect, thereby stabilizing the output voltage.

[0068] This application does not require uniformity in battery cell model or capacity when reusing large quantities of retired battery cells. Simply install the battery cells into the battery pack system, which then combines them based on the individual cell conditions to maximize utilization. Because individual battery cells (or other combinations of cells) can be connected, strict logic control enables AC output without an inverter, saving costs and improving efficiency.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0070] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A circuit module configured to couple to a battery cell in a battery pack, wherein: include: m first switch groups; Among them, in the i-th first switch group, the first switch group includes: a first switch K i 1. Second switch K i 2. The third switch K i 3, 1≤i≤m; First switch K i The first end of 1 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the first switch K i The second end of 1 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2i+3 The negative electrode; Second switch K i The first end of 2 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i The negative pole of the second switch K i The second end of 2 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i+3 The positive electrode; The third switch K i The first end of 3 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i The positive pole of the third switch K i The second end of 3 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2i+3 The positive electrode; The i-th first switch group is configured to selectively bypass the battery cell B 2i , the battery cell B 2i+1 , the battery cell B 2i+2 and the battery cell B 2i+3 Multiple battery cells in.

2. The circuit module according to claim 1, wherein: The i-th first switch group is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: The first switch K i 1 is configured as the first switch K i 1 is in closed state, bypassing battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 ; The second switch K i 2 is configured as the second switch K i 2 is in the closed state, bypassing battery unit B 2i 、Battery cell B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 ; The third switch K i 3 is configured the third switch K i 3 is in the closed state, bypassing battery unit B 2i+1 、Battery cell B 2i+2 、Battery cell B 2i+3 .

3. The circuit module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: Also includes: fourth switch, fifth switch, sixth switch, seventh switch; The first end of the fourth switch is configured to be connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the first end of the fourth switch is also connected to the first end of the fifth switch, and the second end of the fourth switch is configured to be connected to the negative electrode of the first battery cell B1; The second end of the fifth switch is configured to connect the positive electrode of the first battery unit B1 and the negative electrode of the second battery unit B2; The first end of the sixth switch is connected to the first end of the seventh switch, and the second end of the sixth switch is configured to connect the negative electrode of the last battery cell and the positive electrode of the second to last battery cell; The first end of the seventh switch is configured to be connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the second end of the seventh switch is configured to be connected to the positive electrode of the last battery cell; The fourth switch and the fifth switch are configured to be in opposite connection states, and the sixth switch and the seventh switch are configured to be in opposite connection states, where the connection states include an on state and an off state.

4. The circuit module according to claim 3, wherein: The fourth switch is configured so that when the fourth switch is in a closed state, the first battery unit is connected; the fifth switch is configured so that when the fifth switch is in a closed state, the first battery unit is bypassed; The seventh switch is configured so that the seventh switch is in a closed state and connected to the last battery unit; The sixth switch is configured so that when the sixth switch is in a closed state, the last battery cell is bypassed.

5. The circuit module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The circuit module further includes n second switch groups; Among them, in the j-th second switch group, the second switch group includes: an eighth switch K j 8. Ninth switch K j 9. Tenth switch K j 10. Eleventh switch K j 11, 1≤j≤n; The eighth switch K j The first end of 8 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2j The positive electrode of the eighth switch K j The second end of 8 is configured to connect to the battery cell B 2j+1 The negative electrode; The ninth switch K j The first end of 9 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j The positive electrode of the ninth switch K j The second end of 9 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j+1 The positive electrode; The tenth switch K j The first end 10 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j The negative electrode of the tenth switch K j The second end 10 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j+1 The negative electrode; The eleventh switch K j The first end 11 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j The negative electrode of the eleventh switch K j The second end of 11 is configured to connect the battery cell B 2j+1 The positive electrode; The jth second switch group is configured to selectively connect or bypass the battery unit B 2j , the battery cell B 2j+1 .

6. The circuit module according to claim 5, wherein: The j-th second switch group is configured to perform at least one of the following operations: The eighth switch K j 8 is configured as the eighth switch K j 8 is in the closed state, connected to the battery unit B 2j and the battery cell B 2j+1 ; The ninth switch K j 9 is configured as the ninth switch K j 9 is in the closed state, bypassing the battery cell B 2j+1 ; The tenth switch K j 10 is configured as the tenth switch K j 10 is in the closed state, bypassing the battery cell B 2j ; The eleventh switch K j 11 is configured as the eleventh switch K j 11 is in the closed state, bypassing the battery cell B 2j and the battery cell B 2j+1 .

7. The circuit module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: Battery cell B k Connect the positive terminal of battery cell B k A fuse is provided between the positive switch of the battery cell B k+1 Connect the negative terminal of battery cell B k+1 A fuse is provided between the switch of the negative pole.

8. A battery pack system, wherein: include: The circuit module and battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The battery pack includes x battery cells, and the circuit module is configured to couple the battery cells in the battery pack.

9. The battery system according to claim 8, wherein: 2i+4≤x.

10. The battery system according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: When x is an even number, and x ≥ 6; When x is an odd number, And x≥5.

11. The battery system according to any one of claims 9 to 10, wherein: When x is an even number, And x≥6; when x is an odd number, And x≥5.

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