Increasing the performance of GEL type lead acid batteries with conductive polymers

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, copolymers of these polymers and composites of these materials with graphite as an additive to the electrolyte component of gel-type lead acid batteries to improve their electrical properties.

Description

[0001] INCREASING THE PERFORMANCE OF GEL TYPE LEAD ACID BATTERIES WITH CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The invention relates to the use of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, copolymers of these polymers and composites of these materials with graphite as an additive to the electrolyte component of gel-type lead acid batteries to improve their electrical properties.

[0004] State of the Art

[0005] Gel electrolyte, which is formed with a gel agent using sulphuric acid solution, is commonly used in the electrolyte component of gel-type lead acid batteries. However, the electrical conductivity of this electrolyte decreases depending on the gel agent used. At this point, the use of additives to stop this conductive decrease and increase the conductivity of the system is a critical issue. Fumed silica, which is used as a gel agent in lead acid batteries, has high thixotropy and a good three-dimensional gel structure. However, fumed silica reduces the electrical conductivity of the sulphuric acid-based gel electrolyte. In the technical field, in addition to preserving the thixotropy properties of the gel, there is a need for new additives that increase the electrical conductivity of the gel electrolyte, slow down the sulphation that occurs in the battery, and increase performance.

[0006] The documents identified in the patent and literature review conducted on the state of the art are summarised below.

[0007] In a study conducted by Mansuroglu et al. (Mansuroglu 2023), the effects of chlorinedoped graphene oxide as an electrolyte additive for gel-type valve-regulated lead-acid batteries were investigated. In a 2021 publication by the same study group, n-doped graphene oxide was examined as an additive to the fumed silica-based gel electrolyte of lead-acid batteries. In the same year, a study was also conducted on a new electrolyte additive for gel-type lead-acid batteries.

[0008] Conclusively, due to the above described problems and the insufficiency of the existing solutions made it necessary to make an improvement in the relevant technical field.

[0009] Brief Description of The Invention

[0010] The present invention relates to an additive that meets the above-mentioned requirements, eliminates all disadvantages and provides some additional advantages.

[0011] The invention is inspired by the current situation and aims to solve the above- mentioned negativities.

[0012] Within the scope of the invention, the additive to be used in a new electrolyte formulation for gel-type lead acid batteries will be used in the production of gel-type lead acid batteries. Said energy storage systems are used as batteries in many different industrial areas.

[0013] With the polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, copolymers of these polymers and composites of these materials with graphite used as additives in the invention, both the thixotropy properties of the fumed silica-based gel are preserved and the electrical conductivity of the gel electrolyte is increased, the sulphation occurring in the battery is slowed down and the battery cycle life and performance are significantly increased.

[0014] The advantages of using polyaniline as an additive within the scope of the invention are summarised below:

[0015] • Synthesis of conductive polymers, their copolymers and composites is easy and the cost of these materials is low.

[0016] • Conductive polymers, their copolymers and composites have high thermal, chemical and environmental stability.

[0017] • Conductive polymers, their copolymers and composites can be easily bonded with the gel electrolyte and contribute to the formation of a three- dimensional gel skeleton. The invention relates to a new conductive polymer additive to be added to the gel electrolyte while preparing it. In this sense, a new gel formulation is generated with these materials to be added to the gel electrolyte. The detailed description specifies the method of preparation of the material. Gel electrolyte formulation comprises adding these prepared materials as additives to the gel type electrolyte containing 0.1 % to 20% by mass of fumed silica (with particle size of 1 nm to 1000 nm) and sulphuric acid (5% to 55% by mass) at a rate between 0.001 % by mass and 30% by mass and preparing the doped gel electrolyte by adding this system at a temperature between 25°C and 80°C for a time between 1 minute and 480 minutes and a stirring speed between 10 rpm and 3000 rpm.

[0018] The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages will be understood more clearly by means of the detailed explanation written, and therefore the evaluation should be made by taking this detailed explanation into consideration.

[0019] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0020] In this detailed description, preferred embodiments of the invention are described only for a better understanding of the subject.

[0021] The invention relates to the use of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, copolymers of these polymers and composites of these materials with graphite as an additive to the electrolyte component of gel-type lead acid batteries to improve their electrical properties. In the method of obtaining the additive subject to the invention, firstly, the production of polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, copolymers of these polymers and composites of these materials with graphite is completed by chemical synthesis. Then, aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers are synthesised in the range of 0.001 M to 5 M at 25°C to 150°C in the presence of 0.001 M to 5 M oxidant. In the next process step, aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers are synthesised in the range of 0.001 M to 5 M at 25°C to 150°C in the presence of 0.001 M to 5 M oxidant and in an environment containing 0.001 to 80% by mass of 10 nm to 100 micrometre graphite particles. After this process, aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers are mixed in binary and ternary combinations between 0.001 M and 5 M and synthesised at 25°C to 150°C in the presence of 0.001 M and 5 M oxidant. Doped gel electrolyte is prepared by adding these prepared materials as additives to the gel type electrolyte containing 0.1 % to 20% by mass of fumed silica (with particle size of 1 nm to 1000 nm) and sulphuric acid (5% to 55% by mass) at a rate between 0.001 % by mass and 30% by mass and preparing the doped gel electrolyte by adding this system at a temperature between 25°C and 80°C for a time between 1 minute and 480 minutes and a stirring speed between 10 rpm and 3000 rpm. Finally, the doped gel electrolyte is filled into batteries.

[0022] The current and resistance behaviours of doped and undoped gel electrolytes are given below.

[0023] REFERENCES

[0024] Mansuroglu, A., Gencten, M., Arvas, M. B., Sahin, M., & Sahin, Y. (2023). Investigation the effects of chlorine doped graphene oxide as an electrolyte additive for gel type valve regulated lead acid batteries. Journal of Energy Storage, 64, 107224.

[0025] Mansuroglu, A., Arvas, M. B., Kiraz, C., Sayhan, B., Akgumus, A., Gencten, M., ... & Sahin, Y. (2021 ). N-doped graphene oxide as additive for fumed silica based gel electrolyte of valve regulated lead acid batteries. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 168(0), 060512.

[0026] Mansuroglu, A., Gencten, M., Arvas, M. B., Sahin, M., Bozdogan, A. E., & Sahin, Y. (2021 ). A novel electrolyte additive for gel type valve regulated lead acid batteries: Sulfur doped graphene oxide. International Journal of Energy Research, 45(15), 21390-21402.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Additive production method for increasing the performance of gel type lead acid batteries comprising the process steps of: o producing polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, copolymers of said polymers and composites of said materials with graphite by chemical synthesis, o synthesising aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers in the presence of oxidants, o synthesising aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers in an environment containing graphite particles, o synthesising aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers in the presence of oxidants, and o adding the prepared materials to the gel type electrolyte containing fumed silica and sulphuric acid by mass as additives and preparation of the added gel electrolyte.

2. Method for obtaining an additive according to claim 1 , comprising the process step of synthesising aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene as monomers in the range of 0.001 M to 5 M at 25°C to 150°C in the presence of 0.001 M to 5 M oxidants.

3. Method for obtaining an additive according to claim 1 , comprising the process step of synthesising aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene materials as monomers in the range of 0.001 M to 5 M at 25°C to 150°C in the presence of 0.001 M to 5 M oxidant and in a medium containing 0.001 to 80% by mass of 10 nm to 100 micrometer graphite particles.

4. Method for obtaining an additive according to claim 1 , comprising the process step of synthesising aniline, pyrrole, thiophene and acetylene as monomers bymixing their binary and ternary combinations in the range of 0.001 M to 5 M at 25°C to 150°C in the presence of 0.001 M to 5 M oxidant.

5. Method for obtaining an additive according to claim 1 , comprising the process step of adding these prepared materials as additives to the gel type electrolyte containing 0.1 % to 20% by mass of fumed silica (with particle size of 1 nm to 1000 nm) and sulphuric acid (5% to 55% by mass) at a rate between 0.001 % by mass and 30% by mass and preparing the doped gel electrolyte by adding this system at a temperature between 25°C and 80°C for a time between 1 minute and 480 minutes and a stirring speed between 10 rpm and 3000 rpm.

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