Hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of beam forming integrated circuits. Provided is a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure. The structure comprises: a power divider, which receives a first data stream and equally divides the first data stream into a plurality of second data streams; a power combiner, which receives the second data streams and combines the plurality of second data streams into a third data stream; a fine-tuning-with-VAP circuit, wherein an input end thereof is connected to an output end of the power divider, an output end thereof is connected to an input end of the power combiner, and the fine-tuning-with-VAP circuit is configured to control the amplitude, phase and time delay of each second data stream; and a beam-tuning-with-VAP circuit, which is connected to an input end of the power divider and is configured to control the amplitude, phase and time delay of the first data stream, or is connected to an output end of the power combiner and is configured to control the amplitude, phase and time delay of the third data stream. The structure of the present invention is simple and rational, thereby greatly improving the integration level and reducing costs; and the present invention is applied to a phased array, thereby realizing multi-beam forming and beam scanning.

Description

A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of beamforming integrated circuits, and in particular to a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure. Background Art

[0002] Phased array active antenna has the technical advantages of multi-target tracking and fast beam switching, flexible beamforming and spatial filtering, strong anti-interference ability, small size and light weight, high reliability, etc. Important research and development directions in the fields of communications, satellite communications, radar, etc.

[0003] In the comparison between analog phased array, hybrid phased array and digital phased array, full digital phased array is theoretically the ultimate solution for the future. All-digital hybrid phased array is used in frequency bands above the band Not feasible to implement, analog-to-digital converter Constrained by power consumption, efficiency and cost, The band, maximum sampling frequency and power consumption are extremely challenging, and it is difficult to accommodate high performance and high speed in a half-wavelength space. Dimensions and wiring, full Requirements for nonlinearity and dynamic range, full The requirements for the processing capabilities of digital circuits and the transmission capabilities of digital interfaces are extremely challenging.

[0004] Therefore, analog and hybrid phased array Using analog phased array The subarray is spatially filtered and a mixer is used to reduce the The required operating frequency is the optimal solution for the system in terms of performance, power consumption and cost. , full-connected beamforming can provide the system with more beam control options, making it easier to optimize system performance and algorithms and provide higher transmission rates. As the number of beams and antenna elements increases, The complexity and power consumption of the system will increase significantly, so it is necessary to optimize the circuit structure.

[0005] In the application scenario where phased array radar requires broadband operation, the beamforming in its millimeter wave phased array system must adopt true delay The problem of beam pointing deviation with frequency is avoided by replacing traditional phase shifters with a new technology. True delay technology is a key technology for broadband phased arrays, but true delay circuits are typically much larger than phase shifter circuits. If a large true delay is used in every amplitude and phase control path of a multi-channel, multi-beam system, the overall circuit size and corresponding cost will be relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure.

[0007] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, comprising:

[0008] a power splitter, the power splitter receiving a first data stream and being configured to evenly split the first data stream into a plurality of second data streams;

[0009] a power combiner, the power combiner receiving the second data stream and being used to combine the plurality of second data streams into a third data stream;

[0010] a unit amplitude and phase control circuit, wherein the input end of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the output end of the power divider, and the output end of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the input end of the power combiner, for controlling the amplitude, phase and delay of the second data stream;

[0011] A beam amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the input end of the power divider to control the amplitude, phase and delay of the first data stream, or the beam amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the output end of the power combiner to control the amplitude, phase and delay of the third data stream.

[0012] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure, further comprising: the unit amplitude-phase control circuit and the beam amplitude-phase control circuit both adjusting amplitude through an amplitude modulation circuit; the unit amplitude-phase control circuit performing phase adjustment through a digitally controlled phase shifter; the beam amplitude-phase control circuit performing delay adjustment through a digitally controlled true delay circuit; the unit amplitude-phase control circuit performing small-step precise delay adjustment through the digitally controlled true delay circuit; and the beam amplitude-phase control circuit performing large-step delay adjustment through the digitally controlled true delay circuit.

[0013] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure, which also includes a first data stream amplifier and a third data stream amplifier. The output end of the first data stream amplifier is connected to the input end of the power divider, and the input end of the third data stream amplifier is connected to the output end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, or the output end of the first data stream amplifier is connected to the input end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the input end of the third data stream amplifier is connected to the output end of the power combiner.

[0014] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, which also includes an impedance conversion circuit. The impedance conversion circuit is cascaded with the power divider to match the output impedance of the power divider with the input impedance of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit; the impedance conversion circuit is cascaded with the power combiner to match the output end impedance of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit with the input end impedance of the power combiner.

[0015] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, further comprising: the input end impedance of the power divider matches the output end impedance of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit; the output end impedance of the power combiner matches the port impedance of the third data stream.

[0016] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, which also includes the input end impedance of the power divider matching the port impedance of the first data stream, and the output end impedance of the power combiner matching the input end impedance of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit.

[0017] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure, which also includes a low-input impedance amplifier, wherein the input end of the low-input impedance amplifier is connected to the output end of the power combiner, and the output end of the low-input impedance amplifier is connected to the third data stream, or the input end of the low-input impedance amplifier is connected to the output end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the output end of the low-input impedance amplifier is connected to the third data stream.

[0018] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, which also includes the first data stream being a radiation source and the third data stream being a beam, or the first data stream being a beam and the third data stream being a radiation source.

[0019] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, which also includes the digital control true delay circuit as follows: structure.

[0020] The present invention provides a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure, further comprising: the port impedance of the digitally controlled true delay circuit, the port impedance of the digitally controlled phase shifter, and the port impedance of the amplitude modulation circuit are all less than .

[0021] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0022] According to the needs of signal control and the direction of signal transmission, a power divider is placed near the input end, a power combiner is placed near the output end, and an amplitude and phase control circuit is placed to complete beamforming. In addition, according to the different impedances of the device ports, different impedance transformation modules are selected and inserted into the structure to reduce the insertion loss and circuit area of ​​the amplitude and phase control circuit without introducing unnecessary additional insertion loss. Without increasing insertion loss or changing the phase shift accuracy or delay accuracy of the traditional circuit, a large-step-precision amplitude and phase control circuit or a small-step-precision amplitude and phase control circuit is used to achieve a lower occupied area of ​​the multi-beam circuit without changing other circuit performance. The structure is simple and reasonable, and compared with similar circuits, the integration level is greatly improved and the cost is reduced. A hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure of the present invention is applied to phased arrays to achieve multi-beam forming and beam scanning, so that the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and the beam amplitude and phase control circuit have lower power consumption under low-resistance conditions.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] FIG1 is a traditional structure of a multi-beam receiving system with a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0026] FIG2 is a traditional structure of a multi-beam transmission system with a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0027] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a receiving system of a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0028] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a transmitting system of a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0029] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a receiving system with an amplifier in a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0030] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a transmission system with an amplifier in a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0031] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a receiving system based on impedance transformation of a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0032] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission system circuit structure based on impedance transformation of a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0033] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a receiving system based on impedance transformation and having an amplifier in a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0034] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a transmission system based on impedance transformation and having an amplifier in a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0035] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a digitally controlled attenuated phase shifter with unit amplitude and phase control in a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0036] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a digitally controlled attenuation fine delay circuit structure with unit amplitude and phase control of a hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure provided by the present invention.

[0037] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a digitally controlled attenuation large-step delay circuit structure of beam amplitude and phase control of a hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0041] The hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure of the present invention is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 13. Based on signal control requirements and the signal transmission direction, a power divider is provided at the input end, a power combiner is provided at the output end, and a unit amplitude and phase control circuit and a beam amplitude and phase control circuit are provided for beamforming. The power divider receives a first data stream and divides the first data stream into multiple second data streams. The power combiner receives a second data stream and combines the multiple second data streams into a third data stream. The input end of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the output end of the power divider, and the output end of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the input end of the power combiner to control the amplitude, phase, and delay of the second data streams. The beam amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the input end of the power divider to control the amplitude, phase, and delay of the first data stream, or the beam amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the output end of the power combiner to control the amplitude, phase, and delay of the third data stream.

[0042] In the hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure of the present invention, a power divider receives a first data stream and divides the first data stream into multiple second data streams, and the amplitude, phase and delay of each second data stream are controlled by a unit amplitude and phase control circuit; a power combiner receives multiple second data streams controlled by the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and combines them into a third data stream, and realizes multi-beam forming and beam scanning through the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and the beam amplitude and phase control circuit.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes a first data stream amplifier and a third data stream amplifier, the output end of the first data stream amplifier is connected to the input end of the power divider, and the input end of the third data stream amplifier is connected to the output end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, or the output end of the first data stream amplifier is connected to the input end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the input end of the third data stream amplifier is connected to the output end of the power combiner.

[0044] In the circuit structure of the present invention, it is used to amplify input and output signals, thereby improving the regulation accuracy of the circuit.

[0045] Furthermore, different impedance conversion circuits are selected and inserted into the structure based on the different impedances of the device ports to reduce the insertion loss and circuit area of ​​the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and the beam amplitude and phase control circuit. The impedance conversion circuit is used to convert the high impedance of the connected unit amplitude and phase control circuit to the low impedance required by the unit amplitude and phase control circuit.

[0046] The impedance conversion circuit is cascaded with the power divider to match the output impedance of the power divider with the input impedance of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit; the impedance conversion circuit is cascaded with the power combiner to match the output impedance of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit with the input impedance of the power combiner.

[0047] The input terminal impedance of the power divider matches the output terminal impedance of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the output terminal impedance of the power combiner matches the port impedance of the third data stream.

[0048] The input terminal impedance of the power divider matches the port impedance of the first data stream, and the output terminal impedance of the power combiner matches the input terminal impedance of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit.

[0049] The input impedance of the power divider is higher than the output impedance, and the input impedance of the power combiner is lower than the output impedance.

[0050] Furthermore, the power divider and the power combiner are Wilkinson Class circuit structure.

[0051] Furthermore, the impedance conversion circuit includes transformer, Transmission lines, amplifiers, And any one of the power dividers.

[0052] The circuit structure of the present invention is used as a receiving system, the first data stream is a radiation source, the input port is connected to the radiation source, the third data stream is a beam, the output port is connected to the beam, the input end impedance of the power divider is higher than the output end impedance, and the input end impedance of the power combiner is lower than the output end impedance.

[0053] When the beam amplitude and phase control The circuit is impedance matched to the output of the power combiner. The output end of the circuit matches the impedance of the beam source port, and the impedance of the beam source port is .

[0054] Unit amplitude and phase control The impedance of the circuit input end matches the impedance of the power divider output end. The impedance at the output of the circuit matches the impedance at the input of the power combiner.

[0055] The input impedance of the power divider matches the impedance of the radiation source, and the output impedance of the power divider matches The input impedance of the circuit is matched.

[0056] More preferably, if The characteristic impedance of the circuit is lower than the standard characteristic impedance, which is , it is necessary to insert the impedance conversion circuit into the power divider, or cascade the impedance conversion circuit between the power divider and between the circuits, thereby matching the impedances of the two.

[0057] A single input to the power combiner with The output impedance of the circuit is matched, which requires the output of the power combiner to be The input impedance of the circuit is matched.

[0058] More preferably, if Circuit and The characteristic impedance of the circuit is lower than the standard characteristic impedance, which is , it is necessary to insert the impedance conversion circuit into the power combiner, or cascade the impedance conversion circuit and the power combiner together, so that The output impedance of the circuit matches the input impedance of the power combiner, so that The impedance of the circuit input is matched to the impedance of the power combiner output.

[0059] Furthermore, the circuit structure of the present invention is used as a transmitting system, the first data stream is a beam, the input port is connected to the beam, the third data stream is a radiation source, the output port is connected to the radiation source, the input end impedance of the power divider is higher than the output impedance, and the input end impedance of the power combiner is lower than the output end impedance.

[0060] The impedance of the circuit output end matches the impedance of the power divider input end. The circuit input impedance matches the beam source port impedance, which is .

[0061] The impedance of the circuit input end matches the impedance of the power divider output end. The impedance at the output of the circuit matches the impedance at the input of the power combiner.

[0062] The input impedance of the power divider is The output impedance of the circuit is matched, which requires the output impedance of the power divider to be The input impedance of the circuit is matched.

[0063] More preferably, if Circuit and The characteristic impedance of the circuit is lower than the standard characteristic impedance, which is , it is necessary to insert the impedance conversion circuit into the power divider, or cascade the impedance conversion circuit and the power divider together, so that The impedance of the circuit output end matches the impedance of the power divider input end, so that The impedance of the circuit input end is matched with the impedance of the power divider output end.

[0064] The input impedance of the power combiner is The output impedance of the circuit is matched, and the output impedance of the power combiner is matched with the radiation source port impedance. The radiation source port impedance is .

[0065] More preferably, if The characteristic impedance of the circuit is lower than the standard characteristic impedance, which is , it is necessary to insert the impedance changing telephone into the power combiner, or cascade it with the power combiner, so that The impedance at the output of the circuit matches the impedance at the input of the power combiner.

[0066] Furthermore, the digital controlled true delay circuit is Structure, preferably, the digital control true delay circuit is a bridge structure.

[0067] Furthermore, the true delay circuit includes a transmission line structure, a slow-wave transmission line structure or an artificial transmission line structure.

[0068] Furthermore, the port impedance of the digital control true delay circuit, the port impedance of the phase shifter, and the port impedance of the amplitude modulation circuit are all less than .

[0069] As shown in Figure 1, the traditional structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit receiving system includes radiation source 0, radiation source 1, radiation source 2, radiation source 3, and four 1:4 power splitters. , amplitude and phase control circuit under 16 digital control modules , 4 4:1 power combiners , beam 0, beam 1, beam 2, beam 3 and inter-stage matching network, and power divider and the port impedance of the power combiner Anti- , 4 power dividers The input ends are connected to radiation source 0, radiation source 1, radiation source 2, radiation source 3, and 4 power dividers The output end is connected to the amplitude and phase control circuit under 16 digital control modules , each amplitude and phase control circuit controls 1 signal, the amplitude and phase control circuit The circuit structure is the same, different amplitude and phase adjustment paths are selected by different digital control signals, and each power combiner The input end is connected to the output end of 4 amplitude and phase control circuits, 4 power combiners The output ends of are connected to beam 0, beam 1, beam 2 and beam 3 respectively.

[0070] As shown in Figure 2, the traditional structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit transmission system includes four power splitters that divide beam 0, beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3 into four. , amplitude and phase control circuits under 16 digital control modules , 4 power combiners that superimpose the amplitude and phase processed signals to form radiation sources 0 to 3 As well as interstage matching networks, and power dividers Port impedance and power combiner The port impedance is . 4 power dividers Divide the 4 beams into 16 signals, and each amplitude and phase control circuit controls 1 signal. The circuit structure is the same, and different amplitude and phase adjustment paths are selected by different digital control signals.

[0071] In the conventional structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit transmitting system and the conventional structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit receiving system, all amplitude and phase controls are implemented in each channel, resulting in a large system area and high cost.

[0072] As shown in FIG3 , the receiving system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure of the present invention is based on the traditional structure shown in FIG1 , and the amplitude and phase control circuit is Fine unit amplitude and phase control circuit set to small steps , and at the same time set the beam amplitude and phase control circuit with large step amplitude and phase in the beam channel , where the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and beam amplitude and phase control circuit The characteristic impedance is equal to that of , and there is good impedance matching between the circuits. By sharing a beam amplitude and phase control circuit for multiple beam signal channels, the system area and cost can be reduced.

[0073] As shown in FIG4, the transmission system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure of the present invention is based on the traditional structure shown in FIG2, and the amplitude and phase control circuit is Fine unit amplitude and phase control circuit set to small steps , and at the same time set the beam amplitude and phase control circuit with large step amplitude and phase in the beam channel , where the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and beam amplitude and phase control circuit The characteristic impedance is equal to that of , and there is good impedance matching between the circuits. By sharing one beam amplitude and phase control circuit for multiple beam signal channels, the system area can be reduced and the cost can be lowered.

[0074] As shown in FIG5, the receiving system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure with an amplifier is based on the circuit structure shown in FIG3. A first data stream amplifier is added to the signal channel of the beam to amplify the radiation source signal, and a third data stream amplifier is added to the signal channel of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit to amplify the beam signal. Preferably, both the first data stream amplifier and the third data stream amplifier are radio frequency amplifiers. . Optional, power splitter Single input multiple output, and the port characteristic impedance is ; Power combiner Multiple input and single output, and the port characteristic impedance is ;Unit amplitude and phase control circuit As the antenna element fine adjustment, the digital controlled attenuation phase shifter shown in Figure 11 and the digital controlled attenuation fine delay circuit shown in Figure 12 can be used for control to make the amplitude and phase step value more accurate. For coarse beam adjustment, a digitally controlled attenuation large-step delay circuit as shown in FIG13 can be used. The amplitude, phase, or delay step value is larger, and the circuit area is also larger.

[0075] As shown in FIG6 , the circuit structure of the transmitting system of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure with an amplifier is based on the circuit structure shown in FIG4 , in which a first data stream amplifier is added to the signal path of the beam and beam amplitude and phase control circuit to amplify the beam signal, and a third data stream amplifier is added to the signal path of the power combiner and the radiation source to amplify the radiation source signal. Preferably, the first data stream amplifier and the third data stream amplifier are both RF amplifiers. . Optional, power splitter Single input multiple output, and the port characteristic impedance is ; Power combiner Multiple input and single output, and the port characteristic impedance is ;Unit amplitude and phase control circuit As the antenna element fine adjustment, the digital controlled attenuation phase shifter shown in Figure 11 and the digital controlled attenuation fine delay circuit shown in Figure 12 can be used for control to make the amplitude and phase step value more accurate. For coarse beam adjustment, a digitally controlled attenuation large-step delay circuit as shown in FIG13 can be used. The amplitude, phase, or delay step value is larger, and the circuit area is also larger.

[0076] As shown in FIG7 , the receiving system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure with impedance transformation is based on the circuit structure shown in FIG3 for the power combiner. and power divider Add impedance transformation module and power divider Set up as a variable impedance power divider , variable impedance power divider Input impedance Greater than variable impedance power divider Output impedance ,in . Power combiner Set up as a variable impedance power combiner , variable impedance power combiner Input impedance Smaller than variable impedance power combiner Output impedance of the module ,in .

[0077] For the unit amplitude phase control circuit in the circuit structure shown in Figure 3, it is divided into a small step low impedance unit amplitude phase digital control circuit , beam amplitude and phase control circuit The characteristic impedance is , Characteristic Impedance and Variable Impedance Power Combiner The input impedance is consistent. Characteristic impedance and variable impedance power divider The output impedance of the CMOS is consistent. By sharing a single beam amplitude and phase control circuit across multiple beam signal channels, system area and cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the size of the digitally controlled true delay circuit is significantly reduced at low impedance, without significant changes in insertion loss.

[0078] As shown in FIG8 , the transmission system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure with impedance transformation is based on the circuit structure shown in FIG4 for the power combiner. and power divider Add impedance conversion circuit and power divider Set up as a variable impedance power divider , variable impedance power divider Input impedance Greater than variable impedance power divider Output impedance ,in , power combiner Set up as a variable impedance power combiner , variable impedance power combiner Input impedance Smaller than variable impedance power combiner Output impedance ,in .

[0079] For the unit amplitude phase control circuit in the circuit structure shown in Figure 4, it is divided into a small step low impedance unit amplitude phase control circuit , beam amplitude and phase control circuit The characteristic impedance is , Characteristic Impedance and Variable Impedance Power Combiner The input impedance is consistent. Characteristic impedance and variable impedance power divider The output impedance of the CMOS is consistent. By sharing a single beam amplitude and phase control path across multiple beam signal channels, system area and cost are reduced. Furthermore, the size of the true delay circuit is significantly reduced at low impedance, without significant changes in insertion loss.

[0080] As shown in Figure 9, the receiving system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure with amplifier and impedance conversion is based on the circuit structure shown in Figure 3, and the power divider is added. Set up as a variable impedance power divider , variable impedance power divider Input impedance Greater than variable impedance power divider Output impedance ,in . Between the radiation source and the variable impedance power divider A first data stream amplifier is added to the signal channel to amplify the radiation source signal, and a low input impedance amplifier is added to the beam amplitude and phase control circuit and the signal channel of the beam to amplify the beam signal. Single-input multiple-output, the input port impedance is , the output port impedance is less than ; Low impedance power combiner Multiple input and single output, input port impedance is less than , the output port impedance is also less than ; The input impedance of the low input impedance amplifier is equal to the output impedance of the low impedance power combiner. The low impedance unit amplitude and phase control circuit is used as the fine adjustment of the antenna element. Its amplitude and phase or time delay step value is more precise. It can be controlled by the digitally controlled attenuation phase shifter shown in Figure 11 and the digitally controlled attenuation fine delay circuit shown in Figure 12; the beam amplitude and phase control circuit is used as the coarse adjustment of the beam. Its amplitude and phase or time delay step value is larger and the circuit area is also larger. It can be controlled by the digitally controlled attenuation large step delay circuit shown in Figure 13.

[0081] As shown in Figure 10, the transmission system circuit structure of the hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure with amplifier and impedance conversion is based on the circuit structure shown in Figure 4. Set up as a variable impedance power divider , variable impedance power divider Input impedance Greater than variable impedance power divider Output impedance ,in A first data stream amplifier is added to the signal path of the beam and beam amplitude and phase control circuit to amplify the beam signal, and a low input impedance amplifier is added to the signal path of the low impedance power combiner and the radiation source to amplify the radiation source signal. Optionally, a variable impedance power divider Single-input multiple-output, the input port impedance is , the output port impedance is less than ; Low impedance power combiner Multiple input and single output, input port impedance is less than , the output port impedance is also less than ; The output impedance of the low-impedance power combiner is equal to the input impedance of the low-input impedance amplifier. The low-impedance unit amplitude and phase control circuit is used as the fine adjustment of the antenna element. Its amplitude, phase or time delay step value is more precise. It can be controlled by the numerically controlled attenuation phase shifter shown in Figure 11 and the numerically controlled attenuation fine delay circuit shown in Figure 12; the beam amplitude and phase control circuit is used as the coarse adjustment of the beam. Its amplitude, phase or time delay step value is larger and the circuit area is also larger. The numerically controlled attenuation large step delay circuit shown in Figure 13 can be used for coarse adjustment of the beam.

[0082] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: according to the needs of signal control and the direction of signal transmission, a power divider is placed near the input end, a power combiner is placed near the output end, and an amplitude and phase control circuit and a digital control circuit module are placed for completing beamforming. In addition, according to the different impedances of the device ports, different impedance transformation modules are selected and inserted into the structure to reduce the insertion loss and circuit area of ​​the amplitude and phase control circuit without introducing unnecessary additional insertion loss. Without increasing the insertion loss or changing the phase shift accuracy or delay accuracy of the traditional circuit, a large-step-precision amplitude and phase control circuit or a small-step-precision amplitude and phase control circuit is used to achieve a lower occupied area of ​​the multi-beam system without changing other circuit performance. The structure is simple and reasonable, and compared with similar circuits, the integration level is greatly improved and the cost is reduced. A hybrid multi-beam forming circuit structure of the present invention is applied to a phased array to achieve multi-beam forming and beam scanning, so that the unit amplitude and phase control circuit and the beam amplitude and phase control circuit have lower power consumption under low-resistance conditions.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure, characterized in that: include: a power splitter, the power splitter receiving a first data stream and used to equally split the first data stream into a plurality of second data streams; a power synthesizer, the power synthesizer receiving the second data stream and used for synthesizing a plurality of second data streams into a third data stream; a unit amplitude and phase control circuit, wherein the input end of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the output end of the power divider, and the output end of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the input end of the power combiner, for controlling the amplitude, phase and delay of the second data stream; A beam amplitude and phase control circuit, the beam amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the input end of the power divider to control the amplitude, phase and delay of the first data stream, or the beam amplitude and phase control circuit is connected to the output end of the power combiner to control the amplitude, phase and delay of the third data stream; The unit amplitude and phase control circuit and the beam amplitude and phase control circuit both adjust the amplitude through the amplitude modulation circuit, the unit amplitude and phase control circuit performs phase adjustment through a digitally controlled phase shifter, the beam amplitude and phase control circuit performs delay adjustment through a digitally controlled true delay circuit, the unit amplitude and phase control circuit performs small-step precise delay adjustment through the digitally controlled true delay circuit, and the beam amplitude and phase control circuit performs large-step delay adjustment through the digitally controlled true delay circuit.

2. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first data stream amplifier and a third data stream amplifier, wherein the output end of the first data stream amplifier is connected to the input end of the power divider, and the input end of the third data stream amplifier is connected to the output end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, or the output end of the first data stream amplifier is connected to the input end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the input end of the third data stream amplifier is connected to the output end of the power synthesizer.

3. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an impedance conversion circuit, which is cascaded with the power divider to match the output impedance of the power divider with the input impedance of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit; the impedance conversion circuit is cascaded with the power synthesizer to match the output impedance of the unit amplitude and phase control circuit with the input impedance of the power synthesizer.

4. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The input impedance of the power divider matches the output impedance of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the output impedance of the power combiner matches the port impedance of the third data stream.

5. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The input impedance of the power divider matches the port impedance of the first data stream, and the output impedance of the power combiner matches the input impedance of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit.

6. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a low input impedance amplifier, wherein the input end of the low input impedance amplifier is connected to the output end of the power synthesizer, and the output end of the low input impedance amplifier is connected to the third data stream, or the input end of the low input impedance amplifier is connected to the output end of the beam amplitude and phase control circuit, and the output end of the low input impedance amplifier is connected to the third data stream.

7. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first data stream is a radiation source and the third data stream is a beam, or the first data stream is a beam and the third data stream is a radiation source.

8. The hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital controlled true delay circuit is structure.

9. A hybrid multi-beamforming circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The port impedance of the digitally controlled true delay circuit, the port impedance of the digitally controlled phase shifter, and the port impedance of the amplitude modulation circuit are all less than .

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