Antenna element and antenna comprising same

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna element and an antenna comprising same. The antenna element comprises a radiation unit (100) and a feed plate (200); the radiation unit (100) comprises a radiation surface structure (110) and support arms (150); the radiation surface structure (110) is connected to one end of each of the support arms (150); the radiation surface structure (110) comprises a closed frame (120) and an open frame (130), and the open frame (130) is arranged on the inner side of the closed frame (120); and the closed frame (120) and the open frame (130) are both electrically connected to the feed plate (200) by means of the support arms (150).

Description

Antenna element and antenna

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on the Chinese patent application with application number 202311719406.0 and application date of December 14, 2023, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The embodiments of the present application relate to, but are not limited to, the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular to an antenna element and an antenna thereof. Background Art

[0004] With the advent of the mobile communications era, communication equipment is placing increasingly stringent demands on antenna performance. The need for large numbers of base stations also increases product size and performance requirements. Antenna elements, the fundamental building block of antennas, often require complex designs to achieve high-gain, full-wave radiation, significantly increasing production costs.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna element and an antenna thereof, which have a simple structure and can maintain high gain in the radiation of the antenna element, thereby greatly saving production costs.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna vibrator, comprising: a radiating unit, the radiating unit comprising a radiating surface structure and a supporting arm, the radiating surface structure being connected to one end of the supporting arm, the radiating surface structure comprising a closed frame and an open frame, the open frame being arranged on the inner side of the closed frame; a feeding board, the closed frame and the open frame being electrically connected to the feeding board through the supporting arm.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, comprising the antenna element of the embodiment of the first aspect described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0011] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an antenna element provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0012] FIG2 is a top view of an antenna element provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG3 is a front view of an antenna element provided by one embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG4 is a top view of a feed board provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG5 is a top view of a radiation unit provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG6 is a front view of a radiation unit provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Reference numerals:

[0018] The radiation unit 100 , the radiation surface structure 110 , the closed frame 120 , the open frame 130 , the extension strip 131 , the connecting strip 140 , the support arm 150 , the feeding board 200 , and the differential network 210 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0020] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The terms "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish technical features and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or as implicitly specifying the number or order of the technical features indicated.

[0021] In addition, terms such as "upper", "above", "lower", "below" and the like used in this application to indicate spatial relative positions are used for the purpose of convenience to describe the relationship of one unit or feature relative to another unit or feature as shown in the accompanying drawings. Terms of spatial relative position may be intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than the orientation shown in the drawings. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, the unit described as being "below" or "beneath" other units or features will be located "above" the other units or features. Therefore, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both the above and below orientations. The device can be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially related descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the meaning of the above terms in this application based on the content of the technical solution.

[0023] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna vibrator and an antenna thereof, wherein the antenna vibrator includes a radiating unit and a feeding board, wherein the radiating unit includes a radiating surface structure and a supporting arm, and the radiating surface structure is connected to one end of the supporting arm; the radiating surface structure includes a closed frame and an open frame, and the open frame is arranged on the inner side of the closed frame; and the closed frame and the open frame are both connected through the supporting arm and the feeding board. Through the above structural design, the overall structure of the antenna vibrator is relatively simple, thereby greatly saving production costs; in addition, when the current flows from the feeding board through the open frame and the closed frame, radiation is generated at the positions of the open frame and the closed frame, and due to the design of the closed frame, the current path is increased, thereby greatly improving the antenna gain.

[0024] The embodiments of the present application are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] As shown in FIG1 , an antenna vibrator according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application is provided, wherein the antenna vibrator includes a radiation unit 100 and a feeding plate 200, the feeding plate 200 is electrically connected to the radiation unit 100, and the current generated by the feeding plate 200 can flow through the radiation unit 100, thereby generating radiation at the position of the radiation unit 100; the radiation unit 100 includes a radiation surface structure 110 and a support arm 150, the radiation surface structure 110 is connected to one end of the support arm 150, and the feeding plate 200 is connected to the other end of the support arm 150, so that the current generated by the feeding plate 200 can flow through the support arm 150. The support arm 150 can transmit current and adjust the antenna impedance by adjusting the length of the support arm 150. The radiation surface structure 110 includes a closed frame 120 and an open frame 130. The open frame 130 is arranged on the inner side of the closed frame 120. When the current generated by the feed plate 200 enters the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120 through the support arm 150, radiation is generated at the positions of the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120. Since the closed frame 120 is a closed shape, the current path is increased, and the antenna gain is greatly improved. In addition, the antenna vibrator provided in the embodiment of the present application only includes the radiation unit 100 and the feed plate 200, and the radiation unit 100 includes the support arm 150, the closed frame 120 and the open frame 130. The overall structure is relatively simple, which can greatly save production costs.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present application, when current passes through the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120, both the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120 can generate radiation; wherein, since the closed frame 120 is a closed shape, the current flowing through the support arm 150 is interconnected in the physical path, forming a full-wave radiation mechanism, achieving a gain higher than the conventional half-wave gain. It is worth noting that the open frame 130 inside the closed frame 120 cannot be a closed shape, because if the open frame 130 inside the closed frame 120 is closed, the radiation generated by the closed shape inside and the closed shape outside will interfere with each other, which is not conducive to the antenna vibrator to emit electromagnetic radiation outward.

[0027] It's worth noting that the antenna element guides and amplifies electromagnetic waves, making the electromagnetic signal received by the antenna stronger. The antenna element is the basic unit of the antenna. When an alternating current flows through a conductor, electromagnetic waves can be radiated. The electromagnetic wave radiation capacity is related to the length and shape of the conductor. Therefore, through the design of the closed frame 120, the open frame 130, and the support arm 150, the antenna element of the embodiment of the present application can generate high-gain full-wave electromagnetic radiation.

[0028] It is worth noting that the closed frame 120, the open frame 130 and the support arm 150 in the embodiment of the present application are all made of metal; therefore, the closed frame 120, the open frame 130 and the support arm 150 can transmit current, and the three can be made of metal with good conductivity. For example, the metal can be copper or aluminum.

[0029] As shown in Figures 2 and 5, in some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the closed frame 120 can be square, rectangular, or circular. For example, when the closed frame 120 is square, when the current generated by the feed board 200 flows through the square-shaped closed frame 120, the closed frame 120 allows the current to be interconnected along the physical path, thereby achieving the effect of generating full-wave radiation. It is worth noting that the shape of the closed frame 120 can also be other closed shapes, such as a regular pentagon, a regular hexagon, a trapezoid, etc. As long as the shape of the closed frame 120 is a closed shape, it falls within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] As shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5, in some embodiments of the present application, in order to enable the antenna element to be stably set, the radiating surface structure 110 also includes a connecting bar 140, and the opening frame 130, the closed frame 120 and the support arm 150 in the radiating surface structure 110 are all connected to the connecting bar 140, so that the current generated by the feeding board 200 can enter the connecting bar 140 after being transmitted through the support arm 150; since the opening frame 130 and the closed frame 120 are both connected to the connecting bar 140, the current on the connecting bar 140 can flow into the closed frame 120 and the opening frame 130, so that electromagnetic radiation can be generated at the positions of the closed frame 120 and the opening frame 130.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the connecting bar 140 is also provided on the inner side of the closed frame 120, so that the current transmitted from the support arm 150 passes through the connecting bar 140, first passes through the open frame 130, and then is transmitted to the closed frame 120; through the connecting bar 140, the current flowing out of the feeding board 200 can flow through the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120 in sequence, and can generate not only radiation at the position of the open frame 130, but also full-wave radiation at the position of the closed frame 120, thereby greatly improving the antenna gain.

[0032] It is worth noting that the connecting bar 140 can be rectangular or curved. The connecting bar 140 primarily serves to transfer current from the support arm 150 to the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120. Therefore, the external shape of the connecting bar 140 can be a continuous, uninterrupted bar, and is not limited here. Furthermore, because the connecting bar 140 needs to transfer current to the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120, it is also made of metal. Exemplarily, the connecting bar 140 is copper or aluminum.

[0033] It is understandable that, in the process of transmitting current to the opening frame 130 and the closing frame 120 , the connecting strip 140 will also generate electromagnetic radiation outward, thereby further improving the gain of the antenna.

[0034] As shown in Figures 2 and 5, in some embodiments of the present application, in order to further stably set the opening frame 130 and the closed frame 120, a plurality of connecting bars 140 can be provided, and the plurality of connecting bars 140 are connected to the inner side of the closed frame 120, so that the closed frame 120 can be stably set; and because the opening frame 130 is also set on the inner side of the closed frame 120, as long as the opening frame 130 is connected to the connecting bars 140, the opening frame 130 and the closed frame 120 can be stably set at the same time. For example, when the closed frame 120 has a square shape, the number of connecting bars 140 can be four, and the four connecting bars 140 are respectively connected to the four inner corners of the closed frame 120, so that the closed frame 120 can be stably set.

[0035] As shown in Figures 2 and 5, in some embodiments of the present application, the opening frame 130 may include multiple extension strips 131, with gaps formed between adjacent extension strips 131; multiple extension strips 131 may form the opening frame 130, with gaps formed between adjacent extension strips 131, and the extension strips 131 and the connecting strips 140 may correspond one to one. When the current transmitted from the support arm 150 is transmitted to the extension strips 131 through the connecting strips 140, due to the gaps formed between different extension strips 131, the extension strips 131 may form additional open-ended current paths, thereby effectively adjusting the impedance of the antenna. The connecting strips 140 and the support arms 150 in the radiating surface structure 110 are connected to each other, acting as current conductors; and the support arms 150 in the radiating surface structure 110 serve as the structure of the antenna element, supporting and conducting the current. By adjusting the height of the support arms 150, the impedance of the antenna can be effectively adjusted.

[0036] It is worth noting that the shape of the extension bar 131 can be a broken line or an arc shape; for example, when the shape of the extension bar 131 is the same broken line shape and the number of the extension bars 131 is four, the shape of the opening frame 130 can be similar to a square, but there are gaps on the four sides of the opening frame 130; when the shape of the extension bar 131 is the same arc shape and the number of the extension bars 131 is four, the shape of the opening frame 130 can be similar to a circle, but there are four gaps on the circumference of the opening frame 130.

[0037] It is worth noting that multiple extension bars 131 can be at the same plane height, and the connecting bars 140 can be at the same plane height as the extension bars 131, and the connecting bars 140 can be at the same plane height as the closing frame 120. In this case, the extension bars 131, connecting bars 140, and closing frame 120 are all supported by the support arm 150, so that the three are at the same plane height. The number of extension bars 131 can be multiple, and each extension bar 131 has the same shape. Therefore, when current flows through the support arm 150 and the connecting bars 140 and through the extension bars 131, the same extension bars 131 can form additional open-ended current paths, thereby accurately and effectively adjusting the impedance of the antenna.

[0038] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, in some embodiments of the present application, when the closed frame 120 has a symmetrical shape and the open frame 130 disposed inside the closed frame 120 is composed of four identical extension strips 131, the four extension strips 131 can be symmetrically disposed with the center of the closed frame 120 as the center point, thereby more effectively adjusting the impedance of the antenna; in this case, the open frame 130 can have a shape similar to a square. The closed frame 120 has a symmetrical shape, which can be a square, a circle, a diamond, or the like.

[0039] As shown in Figures 1, 3 and 6, in some embodiments of the present application, the support arm 150 of the radiating surface structure 110 is vertically connected to the output end of the feeding board 200, and the two can be connected by welding; in the actual welding process, reflow soldering can be used to achieve automated welding between the radiating surface structure 110 and the feeding board 200, thereby reducing the balun feeding plate of the traditional die-cast antenna vibrator, thereby helping to reduce the number of parts, making the overall structure of the antenna vibrator simpler, and greatly saving production costs.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1 and 4, in some embodiments of the present application, the feed board 200 includes at least two differential networks 210, and each differential network 210 has two output ends, and the phase difference between the two output ends is 180°; through the above settings, the differential network 210 is set on the feed board 200 to provide an opposite phase difference for the antenna element.

[0041] It is worth noting that the antenna element is powered by the feed plate 200, and the feed plate 200 has a certain characteristic impedance; by setting two differential networks 210 on the feed plate 200, there is a 180° phase difference between the two output ends of each differential network 210; and a support arm 150 is welded to the output end of each differential network 210, so that when the support arm 150 of the radiation unit 100 is fed, there is a reverse phase difference between each two support arms 150, so that the electromagnetic radiation generated by the radiation surface structure 110 can be radiated outward to meet the relevant communication requirements. In the process of connecting the traditional support arm 150 to the feed plate 200, it is necessary to weld through the feed positioning hole and the coaxial line, which increases the complexity of the feed, and the welding process must be manual welding, which greatly increases the production cost and is not conducive to the mass assembly and automated welding of the antenna; the welding method of the embodiment of the present application is simple, convenient and fast, and can also realize automated welding, saving costs, which is conducive to the mass production of antennas.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the feed board 200 is not limited to a plate material, and the routing form of the differential network 210 is not limited to transmission line forms such as microstrip lines and strip lines, which are not limited here.

[0043] As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments of the present application, the number of support arms 150 is four, the four support arms 150 are vertically downward, and are correspondingly welded to the respective output ends of the two differential networks 210, so that there is a reverse phase difference between the support arms 150 to meet the working requirements of the antenna vibrator; when the four support arms 150 are distributed in a matrix, the four support arms 150 are similar to the four vertices of a square, or the four support arms 150 are similar to the four vertices of a rectangle, which is not limited here.

[0044] It is worth noting that, in actual use, the sizes of the feeding board 200 , the support arm 150 , the connecting bar 140 , the extending bar 131 and the closing frame 120 can be set according to actual application and are not limited here.

[0045] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in an exemplary embodiment, the antenna element includes a radiation unit 100 and a feed board 200, and two differential networks 210 are provided on the feed board 200, each differential network 210 has two output terminals, and the phase difference between each output terminal is 180 degrees; the radiation unit 100 includes a radiation surface structure 110 and four support arms 150, and the four support arms 150 are welded to the output terminals of the two differential networks 210 of the feed board 200 in a one-to-one correspondence; the radiation surface structure 110 includes a square closed frame 120 and an open frame 130 composed of four "L"-shaped extension strips 131; the end of each support arm 150 away from the feed board 200 is connected to a connecting strip 140 Therefore, there are four connecting bars 140. The four connecting bars 140 are connected to the four extension bars 131 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the four connecting bars 140 are also connected to the four inner corners of the square closed frame 120. The four support arms 150 serve as a supporting structure and conduct current, so that the connecting bars 140, extension bars 131 and closed frame 120 are all set at the same horizontal height. The closed frame 120 at the outermost edge of the radiation surface structure 110 can increase the current path, thereby greatly improving the antenna gain. The open frame 130 inside the closed frame 120 can effectively adjust the antenna impedance. And by adjusting the length of the support arm 150, the antenna impedance can also be adjusted. In actual applications, the height of the support arm 150 can be reduced to save antenna resources. The full-wave radiation mechanism can improve the antenna gain.

[0046] An antenna provided in an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes the antenna element provided in the embodiment of the first aspect above; the antenna element includes a radiating unit 100 and a feeding board 200, wherein the radiating unit 100 includes a radiating surface structure 110 and a supporting arm 150, and the radiating surface structure 110 is connected to one end of the supporting arm 150; the radiating surface structure 110 includes a closed frame 120 and an open frame 130, and the open frame 130 is arranged on the inner side of the closed frame 120; and the closed frame 120 and the open frame 130 are both connected to the feeding board 200 through the supporting arm 150. Through the above structural design, the overall structure of the antenna element is relatively simple, thereby greatly saving production costs; in addition, when the current flows from the feeding board 200 through the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120, radiation is generated at the positions of the open frame 130 and the closed frame 120, and due to the design of the closed frame 120, the current path is increased, thereby greatly improving the antenna gain.

[0047] It is worth noting that the antenna may include an antenna vibrator, a reflector and an antenna cover, and the antenna vibrator and the reflector are both arranged inside the antenna cover; the antenna cover can protect the components inside it; the reflector can reflect the electromagnetic radiation generated by the antenna vibrator to adjust the angle and range of the electromagnetic wave radiation; the antenna vibrator is used to generate electromagnetic wave radiation outward.

[0048] It is worth noting that the antenna in the embodiment of the present application is based on the same concept as the antenna element in the above-mentioned first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] The embodiments of the present application include: the antenna vibrator includes a radiation unit and a feeding board, wherein the radiation unit includes a radiation surface structure and a support arm, and the radiation surface structure is connected to one end of the support arm; the radiation surface structure includes a closed frame and an open frame, and the open frame is arranged on the inner side of the closed frame; and the closed frame and the open frame are both connected through the support arm and the feeding board. Through the above structural design, the overall structure of the antenna vibrator is relatively simple, thereby greatly saving production costs; in addition, in the process of current flowing from the feeding board through the open frame and the closed frame, radiation is generated at the positions of the open frame and the closed frame, and due to the design of the closed frame, the current path is increased, thereby greatly improving the antenna gain.

[0050] The above is an explanation of some implementations of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation methods. Technical personnel familiar with the art can also make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna vibrator, comprising: A radiation unit, the radiation unit comprising a radiation surface structure and a support arm, the radiation surface structure is connected to one end of the support arm, the radiation surface structure comprises a closed frame and an open frame, and the open frame is arranged inside the closed frame; A feeding board, wherein the closed frame and the open frame are electrically connected to the feeding board through the supporting arm.

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein: The radiation surface structure also includes a connecting strip, and the closed frame, the open frame and the support arm are all connected to the connecting strip, wherein the connecting strip is used to allow the current flowing out of the feeding board to flow through the open frame and the closed frame in sequence through the support arm.

3. The antenna element according to claim 2, wherein: There are a plurality of connecting strips, and one end of each connecting strip is connected to the inner side of the closed frame.

4. The antenna element according to claim 3, wherein: The opening frame includes a plurality of extension bars, gaps are formed between adjacent extension bars, and the extension bars are connected to the connection bars in a one-to-one correspondence.

5. The antenna element according to claim 4, wherein: The number of the extension bars is four; when the shape of the closed frame is a symmetrical figure, the four extension bars are symmetrically arranged with the center of the closed frame as the center point.

6. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein: The feed board includes at least two differential networks, each of which has two output ends; there are multiple support arms, and each of the support arms is connected to the output end of the differential network in a one-to-one correspondence.

7. The antenna element according to claim 6, wherein: The number of the support arms is four, and the four support arms are distributed in a matrix.

8. The antenna element according to claim 1, wherein: The shape of the closed frame is any one of the following: square, rectangle, or circle.

9. The antenna element according to claim 3, wherein: The shape of the extension strip is any one of the following: a broken line shape, an arc shape.

10. The antenna element according to claim 2, wherein: The shape of the connecting strip is any one of the following: a rectangular strip, an arc strip.

11. An antenna, comprising the antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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