Three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base

Abstract

A three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base, comprising a nacelle base body provided with a generator. The nacelle base body comprises a three-way member, the three-way member being integrally formed by a three-way transverse pipe (9) and three-way vertical pipes (13) used for bearing. Two bearings (6) and bearing seats (7) are embedded into the inner diameter of a pipe opening at each of the two ends of the three-way transverse pipe (9). By means of the two bearings (6), a main generator shaft (10) and an auxiliary generator shaft (12) are respectively supported in the pipe openings of the two ends of the three-way transverse pipe (9). Generators comprise a main generator and an auxiliary generator; by means of a coupler (11), the main generator shaft (10) and the auxiliary generator shaft (12) are connected in the three-way member to form a pass-through shaft passing through the two ends of the nacelle base body and separately driving the main generator shaft (10) and the auxiliary generator shaft (12).

Description

A three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a wind power generation device, in particular to a three-way embedded bearing type wind power generator transmission base, which is suitable for horizontal axis direct drive wind power generators to be used in various wind power generation sites. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the transmission system for widely used horizontal-axis direct-drive wind turbines powered by wind energy mostly utilizes an elbow-type base within the nacelle, connecting it to the yaw bearing at the top of the tower. This elbow-type base only allows the impeller and a single generator to be mounted at the same end of the base, resulting in an offset in the tower's center of gravity and a tendency for the entire unit to tilt, making it prone to overturning accidents. The single tower and impellers used can only directly or semi-directly drive a single generator, leading to high construction costs. With the increasing impeller diameter and unit capacity, coupled with the continuous innovation of new impeller structures, the dimensions of a single integrated generator are large, and the number of generator pole pairs is increasing. This transmission system and generator configuration restrict the trend toward larger wind turbines, resulting in complex structures and demanding manufacturing processes. The complex electronic control system makes operation and maintenance difficult, while also creating significant challenges in manufacturing, transportation, and installation. This makes it difficult to achieve higher-efficiency impeller torque, and a more effective solution is lacking. Therefore, improvements to the transmission mechanism and elbow-type base of these wind turbines have become a subject of widespread research by those skilled in the art.

[0003] Patent publication number CN110005575A discloses a full-tip impeller dual-drive, high-efficiency wind turbine. It utilizes a yaw platform, a full-tip impeller, and a generator. The improved structure features a fixed connection between the inner rim of the full-tip impeller and a double-disc flange at the front end of the main drive shaft via a cable. The disc-shaped openings of the double-disc flange face outward. The middle portion of the main drive shaft is positioned in front of the yaw platform via two front bearings. A front generator is located in the main drive shaft section between the two front bearings. The rear end of the main drive shaft is provided with an internal gear ring, which is in turn connected to a driven shaft via an external gear shaft located behind the main drive shaft. The internal gear ring meshes with the external gear of the external gear shaft. The external gear shaft and the driven shaft are each located behind the yaw platform via rear bearings. The rear end of the driven shaft is connected to the rear-mounted generator rotor. This design improves the direct-drive and semi-direct-drive clutchable generator transmission system, reduces the starting wind speed of a single unit, and addresses the forward tilt problem of the center of gravity shifting forward in direct-drive models, thereby improving the efficiency of the wind turbine. However, the following drawbacks remain: the direct-drive and semi-direct-drive generator transmission mechanisms, which utilize an internal gear ring meshing with an external gear shaft, are complex, have a high failure rate, are difficult to implement, and require stringent operating conditions. Patent publication No. CN104948387A proposes a dual-impeller wind turbine generator system. This system employs a nacelle symmetrically positioned at the top of a tower, housing a transmission device and a generator. Dual impellers are symmetrically positioned at either end. This system uses two impellers at each end to drive a separate generator. However, the dual impellers generate turbulence during operation, impacting power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the entire generator is located within the nacelle, increasing its volume and construction costs. Consequently, the dual-impeller design of this wind turbine is subject to turbulence, resulting in low impeller torque, low transmission efficiency, poor stability, and a high failure rate. Furthermore, the design requires stringent operating conditions, making it difficult to adapt to harsh wind power generation environments and resulting in high construction costs. Therefore, improvements are needed to further enhance stability and operating efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-way internally embedded bearing wind turbine transmission base. This solves the problem of existing horizontal-axis direct-drive wind turbines, where the impeller and a single integrated generator are positioned at the same end of the nacelle using an elbow-type base, which can easily cause the tower's center of gravity to shift and cause the generator to fall. Furthermore, the single integrated generator is bulky and complex, resulting in high manufacturing requirements, difficult operation and maintenance, and difficult to transport and hoist, making it difficult to match the torque of a more efficient impeller. This design facilitates the installation of dual motors and reduces the size of the nacelle, resulting in a compact structure and increased nacelle stability. It can more effectively utilize a single impeller to drive two generators.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the transmission base of the tee-embedded bearing-type wind turbine generator includes a nacelle base body provided with a generator. The technical key points are: the base body includes a tee, which is an integrated structure of a tee cross pipe and a tee riser for bearing; double bearings and bearing seats are respectively embedded in the inner diameters of the two end pipe openings of the tee cross pipe, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are respectively supported by double bearings in the pipe openings at the two end pipes of the tee cross pipe, and the outer ends of the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are respectively provided with a main generator shaft end flange and an auxiliary generator shaft end flange with a diameter larger than the diameter of the tee cross pipe. The generator includes a main generator and an auxiliary generator, and both the main generator and the auxiliary generator include a generator rotor bracket on which a generator rotor is installed and a generator stator bracket on which a generator stator is installed. The generator stator bracket is arranged around the outer pipe wall of the three-way horizontal pipe, and the generator rotor bracket is fixedly connected to the corresponding main generator shaft end flange and auxiliary generator shaft end flange respectively and rotates inward to surround the outer pipe walls at both ends of the three-way horizontal pipe. The main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are connected in the three-way through a coupling to form a through shaft that passes through both ends of the machine base body and drives the main generator and the auxiliary generator respectively.

[0006] The bearing seat is in the shape of a cylinder with an axial bottom surface at one end embedded between the inner diameter of the three-way horizontal pipe and the bearing sleeve, and an end cover is provided at the other end of the bearing seat.

[0007] The generator stator is arranged outside the generator rotor to form an inner rotor generator.

[0008] The generator stator is arranged inside the generator rotor to form an outer rotor generator.

[0009] The three-way horizontal pipe is fastened to the bearing seat screw hole by using a screw rod passing through the through hole of the outer pipe wall of the three-way horizontal pipe.

[0010] The main shaft and the secondary shaft are stepped shafts with limiting shoulders.

[0011] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: since the machine base body of the present invention adopts a tee formed by an integrated tee horizontal tube and a tee vertical tube, dual bearings and bearing seats are respectively embedded in the inner diameter of the two end pipe openings of the tee horizontal tube, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are supported by the dual bearings. Therefore, the machine base body is formed by adopting a tee structure, so that the tee horizontal tube carries all components of the transmission device and the impeller, and the tee vertical tube is borne by the tee. The tee horizontal tube is in an overhead state, and the dual bearings and bearing seats can be used as support points to realize the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft being arranged at both ends of the tee horizontal tube, which is convenient for setting the generators separately and is conducive to shortening the overall length of the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft as the transmission shaft; the main generator shaft end flange and the auxiliary generator shaft end flange are provided with a diameter larger than the diameter of the tee horizontal tube, and are installed with a generator rotor bracket with a generator rotor arranged inwardly and rotatable around the outer tube wall at both ends of the tee horizontal tube; a generator stator bracket with a generator stator is arranged around the outer tube wall of the tee horizontal tube, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are connected within the tee by a coupling. The above structure can make the two sets of generator rotors and generator stators as the main body of the generator be respectively arranged on the outer walls at both ends of the three-way cross pipe, and the impeller hub can be installed through the main generator shaft end flange, so that the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft, the main generator shaft end flange and the auxiliary generator shaft end flange and the two sets of generator rotors and generator stators form a generator transmission chain, and the conventional single generator in which a set of impellers and a generator are both arranged at one end of the base is replaced by generators arranged at both ends, shortening the use length of the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft, and the structural design is compact, saving installation space in the cabin, and the main generator and the auxiliary generator are arranged at both ends of the three-way cross pipe to solve the elbow-type base of the direct-drive wind turbine. The impeller and the generator can only be installed on one side of the base and tower, alleviating the problem of unbalanced center of gravity in the nacelle: the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft can be connected through the coupling to pass through both ends of the transmission chain, and each has at least two sets of bearings and bearing seats for support. Using a tower and a set of impellers to drive two generators solves the problem that existing technical models can only directly drive or semi-directly drive one of the generators, resulting in a single integrated generator with excessively large dimensions, increased generator pole pairs, complex structure, and high manufacturing process requirements; the electronic control system is complex and difficult to operate and maintain. It also facilitates the installation of independent and complete brake devices on the main generator shaft and auxiliary generator shaft, while also reducing the difficulty of transportation and lifting. In summary, it is easy to set up and reduce the size of the generator and nacelle, greatly alleviating the problem of difficulty in achieving center of gravity balance in the nacelle. The structure is compact and increases nacelle stability. The bearings and bearing seats are embedded in the inner diameter of the three-way cross pipe, adapting to a wide range of working conditions. The overall design is reasonable and can more effectively use a set of impellers to drive two generators. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0013] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the three-way support sleeve of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of the serial numbers in the figure: 1 main generator shaft end flange, 2 generator rotor bracket, 3 generator stator, 4 generator rotor, 5 generator stator bracket, 6 bearing, 7 bearing seat, 8 bearing seat end cover, 9 three-way cross pipe, 10 main generator shaft, 11 coupling, 12 auxiliary generator shaft, 13 three-way riser, 14 shaft shoulder, 15 auxiliary generator shaft end flange, 16 screw, 17 generator casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific structure of the present invention is described in detail with reference to Figures 1 to 3. As shown in Figure 1, the first embodiment is a three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base, which includes a cabin base body for setting up a generator. The base body adopts a three-way, and the three-way is composed of a three-way horizontal pipe 9 and a three-way vertical pipe 13 for bearing. The inner cavity of the three-way horizontal pipe 9 is through, and the upper end support of the three-way vertical pipe 13 is set in the middle position of the left and right sections of the three-way horizontal pipe to form a T shape. The three pipe openings of the three-way are oriented as follows: the two pipe openings of the three-way horizontal pipe face both sides, and the pipe opening of the middle three-way vertical pipe faces downward, which is used to be installed on the yaw bearing at the top of the wind turbine tower, and the two ends of the three-way horizontal pipe are in an overhead state.

[0018] Two bearings 6 and a bearing seat 7 are embedded in the inner diameter of the two ends of the tee cross tube 9. The bearing seats are fixed to the inner wall of the tee cross tube 9. The bearing seat 7 can be cylindrical with an axial bottom surface on one end, which fits between the inner diameter of the tee cross tube and the bearing sleeve. The other end of the bearing seat is equipped with an end cap 8. Unlike traditional bearing seats, this bearing seat does not have a traditional bearing seat base. The outer diameter of the bearing seat matches the size and shape of the inner diameter of the tee cross tube, allowing the bearings to fit into the inner diameter of the bearing seat. The generator drive shaft is composed of a main generator shaft 10 and an auxiliary generator shaft 12. The two shafts are supported by two bearings in the two ends of the tee cross tube. The bearings 6 and bearing seat 7 are installed in the inner diameter of one side of the tee cross tube, and the bearings and bearing seat are also symmetrically arranged on the other side. The bearing seat 7 is equipped with a bearing seat end cap 8. The bearing seat 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the tee cross tube 9 by screws passing through the outer wall of the tee cross tube and fastening them to the screw holes of the bearing seat. Both the main generator shaft 10 and the auxiliary generator shaft 12 can be equipped with stepped shafts with shaft shoulders. This facilitates axial positioning of the main and auxiliary generator shafts via the bearing assembly, as well as positioning the brake caliper assembly, enhancing stability. The outer ends of the main generator shaft 10 and auxiliary generator shaft 12 are respectively provided with a main generator shaft end flange 1 and an auxiliary generator shaft end flange 15. The diameters of these flanges are larger than the diameter of the tee cross pipe and extend beyond the tee cross pipe opening. The main generator shaft 10 and auxiliary generator shaft 12 are connected within the tee via a coupling 11, interconnecting the main and auxiliary generator shafts for synchronous rotation, forming a drive shaft that passes through the tee cross pipe. The coupling 11 can utilize a clutch to engage and disengage the generators at both ends at will, depending on wind farm conditions. The outer end surface of the main generator shaft end flange 1 can be bolted to the wind turbine's impeller hub, driving the main and auxiliary generator shafts through the impeller hub. Keyways and brake calipers can also be provided on the main generator shaft 10 and auxiliary generator shaft 12 within the tee cross tube for mounting and braking purposes. A shoulder can be provided on the inner wall of the tee cross tube to maintain the distance between adjacent bearing seats. Both the main generator shaft and auxiliary generator shaft bodies can be provided with shaft grooves to utilize retaining springs to prevent axial movement. Aside from the changes described in this invention, all other supporting and auxiliary facilities remain unchanged from the existing system.

[0019] The generator includes a main generator and an auxiliary generator. Each includes a generator rotor bracket 2, which mounts a generator rotor 4, and a generator stator bracket 5, which mounts a generator stator 3. The generator stator brackets are positioned around the outer wall of a tee-shaped horizontal pipe 9. The generator rotor brackets 2 at each end are fixedly connected to the corresponding main generator axial end flange 1 and auxiliary generator axial end flange 15, respectively. They rotate inward and surround the outer wall of the tee-shaped horizontal pipe 9 at both ends. The inner end surfaces of the main generator axial end flange 1 and auxiliary generator axial end flange 15 are bolted to the generator rotor brackets 2. The generator rotor brackets 2 are curved to bypass the outer wall of the tee-shaped horizontal pipe. The generator rotor brackets mount the generator rotor 4, and the generator stator bracket 5, which carries the generator stator 3, is positioned around the outer wall of the tee-shaped horizontal pipe. The generator rotor includes a rotor core, permanent magnets, and conventional generator rotor components. The generator stator includes a stator core, stator windings, a generator housing 17, a fixing base, and electrode leads. In this embodiment, the generator stator 3 is positioned outside the generator rotor 4, forming an inner rotor generator. Specifically, the generator stator bracket 5 forms a semi-enclosed shape, covering the outer side of the generator rotor. The generator rotor bracket 2 is mounted on the inner end surfaces of the main generator shaft end flange 1 and the auxiliary generator shaft end flange 15. The engine rotor bracket 2 is bent and extends into the annular port of the generator stator bracket, avoiding the tee cross pipe. The generator stator 3 and generator rotor 4 are positioned correspondingly. The generator stator bracket 5, generator stator 3, generator rotor bracket 2, and generator rotor 4 constitute the main components of the generator. The generator rotor bracket can be formed of a rotor frame or a rotor support ring, depending on the size of the generator. The main generator shaft and auxiliary generator shaft are connected by a coupling within the tee, forming a through shaft that runs through both ends of the generator base, driving the main generator and auxiliary generator respectively.

[0020] Embodiment 2, as shown in FIG2 , is another three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base. The improved part is that the generator stators 3 of the main generator and the auxiliary generator are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the generator rotor 4, which can facilitate the arrangement of the generator stator and the installation of the generator rotor. The other structures are the same as those of embodiment 1.

[0021] The working process and principle of the present invention are as follows: the machine base body adopts a tee composed of a tee horizontal pipe and a tee vertical pipe, so that the tee horizontal pipe carries all the components of the transmission device and the impeller, and the tee vertical pipe bears the tee horizontal pipe in an overhead state, and the double bearings and bearing seats can be used as support points; the double bearings and bearing seats are respectively embedded in the pipe openings at both ends of the tee horizontal pipe, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are supported by the double bearings, so that the main generator shaft and the auxiliary shaft generator are arranged at both ends of the tee horizontal pipe, which is convenient for setting up the power generation device separately and is conducive to shortening the overall length of the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft as the transmission shaft; the main generator shaft end flange and the auxiliary generator shaft end flange are arranged with a diameter larger than the diameter of the tee horizontal pipe, and a generator rotor bracket with a generator rotor is installed, which is arranged inward and can rotate around the outer pipe wall at both ends of the tee horizontal pipe, and a generator stator bracket with a generator stator is arranged around the outer pipe wall of the tee horizontal pipe, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are connected in the tee through a coupling. The main generator shaft end flange is connected to the impeller hub of the wind turbine, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are driven to rotate through the impeller. The above structure allows the two sets of generator rotors and generator stators as the main body of the generator to be respectively arranged on the outer walls of the two ends of the three-way cross pipe. The impeller hub can be installed through the main generator shaft end flange, so that the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft, the main generator shaft end flange and the auxiliary generator shaft end flange and the two sets of generator rotors and generator stators form a generator transmission chain, replacing the conventional single generator with an impeller set at one end of the base with a generator separated at both ends of the base, shortening the use length of the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft, and having a compact structural design, saving installation space in the cabin. The main generator and the auxiliary generator are arranged at both ends of the three-way cross pipe to solve the problem that the elbow-type base of the direct-drive wind turbine can only install the impeller and the generator on one side of the base on the tower, alleviating the problem of unbalanced center of gravity of the cabin. The main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft can be connected by a coupling to pass through both ends of the transmission chain, and each has at least two sets of bearings and bearing seats for support. The two generators are driven by one tower, one machine base, and one set of impellers, which solves the problem that the machine base in the prior art can only directly drive or semi-directly drive one of the generators, resulting in a single integrated generator with too large dimensions, an increase in the number of generator poles, a complex structure, high requirements for the manufacturing process, a complex electronic control system, and greater difficulty in operation and maintenance. It also facilitates the provision of independent and complete braking devices for the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft, while also reducing the difficulty of transportation and lifting. The overall design is reasonable and the structure is simple, which greatly alleviates the problem of difficulty in achieving center of gravity balance in the nacelle, and the bearings and bearing seats are embedded in the inner diameter of the three-way cross pipe to adapt to more complex working conditions, and more effectively utilize the impeller to drive the generator.

[0022] In summary, the purpose of the present invention is achieved.

Claims

1. A three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base, comprising a nacelle base body provided with a generator, characterized in that: The machine base body includes a tee, which is an integrated structure of a tee cross tube and a tee vertical tube for bearing; double bearings and bearing seats are respectively embedded in the inner diameters of the two end pipe openings of the tee cross tube, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are respectively supported by double bearings in the two end pipe openings of the tee cross tube, and the outer ends of the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are respectively provided with a main generator shaft end flange and an auxiliary generator shaft end flange with a diameter larger than the diameter of the tee cross tube. The generator includes a main generator and an auxiliary generator, and the main generator and the auxiliary generator both include a generator rotor bracket with a generator rotor installed and a generator stator bracket with a generator stator installed, and the generator stator bracket is arranged around the outer tube wall of the tee cross tube, and the generator rotor bracket is respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding main generator shaft end flange and auxiliary generator shaft end flange and rotates inwardly to surround the outer tube walls at both ends of the tee cross tube, and the main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are connected in the tee through a coupling to form a through shaft that runs through both ends of the machine base body and drives the main generator and the auxiliary generator respectively.

2. The three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing seat is in the shape of a cylinder with an axial bottom surface at one end embedded between the inner diameter of the three-way horizontal pipe and the bearing outer sleeve, and an end cover is arranged at the other end of the bearing seat.

3. The three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The generator stator is arranged outside the generator rotor to form an inner rotor generator.

4. The three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The generator stator is arranged inside the generator rotor to form an outer rotor generator.

5. The three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The three-way horizontal tube is fastened to the bearing seat screw hole by passing through the through hole of the outer tube wall of the three-way horizontal tube by a screw rod.

6. The three-way embedded bearing type wind turbine transmission base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The main generator shaft and the auxiliary generator shaft are stepped shafts with limited shaft shoulders.

Images