Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of this disclosure comprises: a reception unit that receives setting information pertaining to a cell in which a physical range is changed; and a control unit that, on the basis of the setting information, controls transmission and reception of a signal using the cell. According to one aspect of this disclosure, suitable power control of a network can be performed, and more flexible communication can be performed.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Also, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been specified with the aim of achieving higher capacity and more advanced features than LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (e.g., 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later, etc.) are also being considered.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 and later), cell-free communication is being considered, in which terminals (user terminals, User Equipment (UE)) communicate using units smaller than existing cells.

[0006] However, specific consideration of cell-free communication has not been sufficient. If this consideration is insufficient, it may not be possible to control the network (NW) according to communication traffic, etc., and improvement of communication throughput may be inhibited.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that are capable of performing suitable power control in a network and performing more flexible communication.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a receiving unit that receives configuration information regarding a cell whose physical range is changed, and a control unit that controls the transmission and reception of signals using the cell based on the configuration information.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, it is possible to perform suitable power control of a network, thereby enabling more flexible communication.

[0010] Figure 1 shows an example of a beam recovery procedure in Rel. 15 NR. Figures 2A and 2B show an overview of MIMO. Figure 3A shows an overview of a cellular system. Figure 3B shows an overview of a cell-free system. Figures 4A-4C show examples of overviews of each assumed cell-free configuration. Figure 5 shows an example of changes associated with a change in the second cell. Figure 6 shows an example of a pattern of one PCI component. Figures 7A-7E show an example of a first cell configuration. Figure 8 shows an example of a pattern of one area component. Figure 9A shows an example of a first / second cell configuration according to Option 1-1. Figure 9B shows an example of a first / second cell configuration according to Option 1-2. Figure 10A shows an example of a first / second cell configuration according to Option 2 / 4-1. Figure 10B shows an example of a first / second cell configuration according to Option 2 / 4-2. FIG. 11A is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to Option 3 / 5-1. FIG. 11B is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to Option 3 / 5-2. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of a change in the configuration of the second cell. FIGS. 13A to 13C are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the second cell according to Option 0-3. FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing an example of a connection configuration using the second cell. FIG. 15A is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first cell / second cell according to the first embodiment. FIG. 15B is a diagram showing an example of switching between the first cell and the second cell according to the first embodiment. FIGS. 16A and 16B are diagrams showing an example of resource configuration according to the second embodiment. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 21 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

[0011] (Beam Failure Detection (BFD) / Beam Failure Recovery (BFR)) In NR, communication is performed using beamforming. For example, a UE and a network (NW, for example, a base station (for example, a gNB (gNodeB))) may use a beam used to transmit a signal (also referred to as a transmit beam, Tx beam, etc.) and a beam used to receive a signal (also referred to as a receive beam, Rx beam, etc.).

[0012] When beamforming is used, it is expected that radio link quality will deteriorate due to increased susceptibility to interference from obstacles. This deterioration in radio link quality may lead to frequent radio link failures (RLFs). Since RLFs require cell reconnection, frequent RLFs will result in degradation of system throughput.

[0013] In NR, in order to suppress the occurrence of RLF, when the quality of a specific beam deteriorates, a procedure for switching to another beam (which may be called Beam Recovery (BR), Beam Failure Recovery (BFR), L1 / L2 (Layer 1 / Layer 2) beam recovery, etc.) is performed. Note that the BFR procedure may also be simply called BFR.

[0014] Note that the beam failure (BF) in this disclosure may also be referred to as a link failure.

[0015] 1 is a diagram showing an example of a beam recovery procedure in Rel. 15 NR. The number of beams is merely an example and is not limited to this. In the initial state (step S101), the UE performs measurements based on reference signal (RS) resources transmitted using two beams.

[0016] The RS may be at least one of a synchronization signal block (SSB) and a channel state measurement RS (Channel State Information RS (CSI-RS)). The SSB may also be called an SS / PBCH (Physical Broadcast Channel) block.

[0017] The RS may be at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), a Mobility Reference Signal (MRS), a signal included in an SSB, an SSB, a CSI-RS, a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), a beam-specific signal, etc., or a signal configured by extending or modifying any of these. The RS measured in step S101 may also be called an RS for beam failure detection (Beam Failure Detection RS (BFD-RS)), an RS for use in a beam recovery procedure (BFR-RS), etc.

[0018] In step S102, the UE cannot detect the BFD-RS (or the reception quality of the RS deteriorates) due to interference with the radio waves from the base station. Such interference can occur due to, for example, obstacles, fading, interference, etc. between the UE and the base station.

[0019] The UE detects a beam failure when a predetermined condition is satisfied. For example, the UE may detect the occurrence of a beam failure when the block error rate (BLER) is less than a threshold for all configured BFD-RSs (BFD-RS resource configurations). When the occurrence of a beam failure is detected, a lower layer (physical (PHY) layer) of the UE may notify (indicate) a beam failure instance to an upper layer (MAC layer).

[0020] The criteria for the determination are not limited to BLER, but may be Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power (L1-RSRP) in the physical layer. Also, instead of or in addition to RS measurement, beam failure detection may be performed based on a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)). The BFD-RS may be expected to be quasi-co-located (QCL) with the DMRS of the PDCCH monitored by the UE.

[0021] Here, the QCL is an index indicating the statistical properties of a channel. For example, if a signal / channel has a QCL relationship with another signal / channel, it may mean that it can be assumed that at least one of a Doppler shift, a Doppler spread, an average delay, a delay spread, and a spatial parameter (e.g., a spatial Rx parameter) is the same between these different signals / channels (i.e., the QCL is true for at least one of these).

[0022] The spatial reception parameters may correspond to a reception beam (e.g., a reception analog beam) of the UE, and the beam may be identified based on a spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in the present disclosure may be replaced with sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0023] Information about BFD-RS (e.g., RS index, resource, number, number of ports, precoding, etc.), information about beam failure detection (BFD) (e.g., the above-mentioned threshold), etc. may be configured (notified) to the UE using higher layer signaling, etc. The information about BFD-RS may also be referred to as information about BFR resources, etc.

[0024] When a beam failure instance notification is received from the UE's PHY layer, the UE's upper layer (e.g., MAC layer) may start a predetermined timer (which may be called a beam failure detection timer). If the UE's MAC layer receives a certain number of beam failure instance notifications (e.g., beamFailureInstanceMaxCount configured in RRC) before the timer expires, the UE's MAC layer may trigger a BFR (e.g., start one of the random access procedures described below).

[0025] The base station may determine that the UE has detected a beam failure if there is no notification from the UE or if it receives a predetermined signal (beam recovery request in step S104) from the UE.

[0026] In step S103, the UE starts searching for a new candidate beam to be used for new communication in order to recover the beam. The UE may select a new candidate beam corresponding to a predetermined RS by measuring the RS. The RS measured in step S103 may be called a new candidate RS, an RS for identifying a new candidate beam, an NCBI-RS (New Candidate Beam Identification RS), an RS for new beam identification, an RS for new beam identification, an NBI-RS (New Beam Identification RS), a CBI-RS (Candidate Beam Identification RS), a CB-RS (Candidate Beam RS), or the like. The NBI-RS may be the same as or different from the BFD-RS. The new candidate beam may also be simply called a candidate beam or candidate RS.

[0027] The UE may determine a beam corresponding to an RS that satisfies a predetermined condition as a new candidate beam. The UE may determine a new candidate beam, for example, based on an RS among the configured NBI-RSs whose L1-RSRP exceeds a threshold. Note that the criteria for determination are not limited to L1-RSRP. The L1-RSRP related to SSB may be referred to as SS-RSRP. The L1-RSRP related to CSI-RS may be referred to as CSI-RSRP.

[0028] Information about the NBI-RS (e.g., RS resources, number, number of ports, precoding, etc.), information about the new beam identification (NBI) (e.g., the above-mentioned threshold), etc. may be configured (notified) to the UE using higher layer signaling, etc. Information about the new candidate RS (or NBI-RS) may be acquired based on information about the BFD-RS. Information about the NBI-RS may be referred to as information about NBI resources, etc.

[0029] Note that BFD-RS, NBI-RS, etc. may be interchangeably read as Radio Link Monitoring RS (RLM-RS).

[0030] In step S104, the UE that has identified the new candidate beam transmits a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ). The beam recovery request may be referred to as a beam recovery request signal, a beam failure recovery request signal, or the like.

[0031] The BFRQ may be transmitted using, for example, at least one of an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), and a configured grant (CG) PUSCH.

[0032] The BFRQ may include information of the new candidate beam / new candidate RS identified in step S103. Resources for the BFRQ may be associated with the new candidate beam. The beam information may be notified using a beam index (BI), a port index of a predetermined reference signal, an RS index, a resource index (e.g., a CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI) or an SSB Resource Indicator (SSBRI)), etc.

[0033] In Rel. 15 NR, CB-BFR (Contention-Based BFR), which is a BFR based on a contention-based random access (RA) procedure, and CF-BFR (Contention-Free BFR), which is a BFR based on a contention-free random access procedure, are being considered. In CB-BFR and CF-BFR, the UE may use the PRACH resource to transmit a preamble (also referred to as an RA preamble, a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), a RACH preamble, etc.) as a BFRQ.

[0034] In CB-BFR, a UE may transmit a preamble randomly selected from one or more preambles. On the other hand, in CF-BFR, a UE may transmit a preamble assigned specifically to the UE by the base station. In CB-BFR, a base station may assign the same preamble to multiple UEs. In CF-BFR, a base station may assign a preamble individually to each UE.

[0035] Note that CB-BFR and CF-BFR may be referred to as CB PRACH-based BFR (contention-based PRACH-based BFR (CBRA-BFR)) and CF PRACH-based BFR (contention-free PRACH-based BFR (CFRA-BFR)), respectively. CBRA-BFR may be referred to as CBRA for BFR. CFRA-BFR may be referred to as CFRA for BFR.

[0036] Regardless of whether CB-BFR or CF-BFR is used, information about the PRACH resource (RA preamble) may be notified, for example, by higher layer signaling (such as RRC signaling). For example, the information may include information indicating a correspondence relationship between the detected DL-RS (beam) and the PRACH resource, and a different PRACH resource may be associated with each DL-RS.

[0037] In step S105, the base station that detected the BFRQ transmits a response signal (which may be referred to as a gNB response, etc.) to the BFRQ from the UE. The response signal may include reconfiguration information (e.g., DL-RS resource configuration information) for one or more beams.

[0038] The response signal may be transmitted, for example, in a UE common search space of the PDCCH. The response signal may be signaled using a PDCCH (DCI) scrambled with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) by a UE identifier (e.g., a Cell-Radio RNTI (C-RNTI)). The UE may determine at least one of a transmit beam and a receive beam to use based on the beam reconfiguration information.

[0039] The UE may monitor the response signal based on at least one of a control resource set (CORESET) for BFR and a search space set for BFR.

[0040] For CB-BFR, contention resolution may be determined to be successful if the UE receives a PDCCH corresponding to its own C-RNTI.

[0041] Regarding the processing of step S105, a period for the UE to monitor a response from a base station (e.g., a gNB) to the BFRQ may be set. This period may be referred to as, for example, a gNB response window, a gNB window, a beam recovery request response window, etc. If no gNB response is detected within this window period, the UE may retransmit the BFRQ.

[0042] In step S106, the UE may transmit a message indicating that the beam reconfiguration is complete to the base station. The message may be transmitted, for example, via the PUCCH or the PUSCH.

[0043] A beam recovery success (BR success) may indicate, for example, that step S106 has been reached, whereas a beam recovery failure (BR failure) may indicate, for example, that a predetermined number of BFRQ transmissions have been made or that a beam-failure-recovery-timer has expired.

[0044] Rel. 15 supports the use of a random access procedure to perform a beam recovery procedure (e.g., BFRQ notification) for a beam failure detected in an SpCell (PCell / PSCell). On the other hand, Rel. 16 supports the use of at least one of a PUCCH (e.g., a scheduling request (SR)) transmission for BFR and a MAC CE (e.g., an UL-SCH) transmission for BFR to perform a beam recovery procedure (e.g., BFRQ notification) for a beam failure detected in an SCell.

[0045] For example, the UE may transmit information about beam failure using a MAC CE-based two-step method, which may include information about the cell that detected the beam failure and information about a new candidate beam (or a new candidate RS index).

[0046] [Step 1] If a BFR is detected, a PUCCH-BFR (scheduling request (SR)) may be transmitted from the UE to the PCell / PSCell. Then, an UL grant (DCI) for the following step 2 may be transmitted from the PCell / PSCell to the UE. If a beam failure is detected and a MAC CE (or an UL-SCH) for transmitting information about a new candidate beam exists, step 1 (e.g., PUCCH transmission) may be omitted and step 2 (e.g., MAC CE transmission) may be performed.

[0047] [Step 2] Next, the UE may transmit information about the cell where beam failure was detected (failed) (e.g., cell index) and information about the new candidate beam to the base station (PCell / PSCell) via an uplink channel (e.g., PUSCH) using a MAC CE. After that, through the BFR procedure, the QCL of the PDCCH / PUCCH / PDSCH / PUSCH may be updated to the new beam after a predetermined period (e.g., 28 symbols) after receiving a response signal from the base station.

[0048] Note that the numbers of these steps are for illustrative purposes only, and multiple steps may be combined or the order may be reversed. Furthermore, whether to perform BFR may be configured in the UE using higher layer signaling.

[0049] (Radio Link Monitoring (RLM)) In NR, Radio Link Monitoring (RLM) is used.

[0050] In NR, the base station may configure a radio link monitoring reference signal (Radio Link Monitoring RS (RLM-RS)) for each BWP to the UE using higher layer signaling. The UE may receive configuration information for RLM (for example, the RRC "RadioLinkMonitoringConfig" information element).

[0051] The configuration information for the RLM may include fault detection resource configuration information (e.g., the upper layer parameter "failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList") and parameters related to the RLM-RS (e.g., the upper layer parameter "RadioLinkMonitoringRS").

[0052] The parameters related to the RLM-RS may include information indicating correspondence to the purpose of RLM, an index corresponding to the resource of the RLM-RS (e.g., an index included in the upper layer parameter "failureDetectionResources" (RadioLinkMonitoringRS in failureDetectionResourcesToAddModList)), etc. The index may be, for example, an index of the CSI-RS resource configuration (e.g., a non-zero power CSI-RS resource ID) or an SS / PBCH block index (SSB index). The purpose information may indicate a beam failure, a (cell-level) Radio Link Failure (RLF), or both.

[0053] The UE may identify an RLM-RS resource based on an index corresponding to the resource of the RLM-RS, and perform RLM using the RLM-RS resource.

[0054] In Rel. 16 RLM, the UE follows the following procedure:

[0055] [Procedure] If the UE is not provided with an RLM-RS (e.g., the higher layer parameter RadioLinkMonitoringRS) and the UE is provided with a TCI state including one or more CSI-RS for PDCCH reception, the UE shall follow steps 1 to 4 below.

[0056] [Procedure 1] If the active TCI state for PDCCH reception includes only one RS, the UE uses the RS provided for the active TCI state for PDCCH reception for RLM. [Procedure 2] If the active TCI state for PDCCH reception includes two RSs, the UE assumes that one RS has QCL type D, and the UE uses the RS with QCL type D for RLM. The UE does not assume that both RSs have QCL type D. [Procedure 3] The UE is not required to use aperiodic or semi-persistent RSs for RLM. [Procedure 4] L max For =4, the UE selects N provided for active TCI states for PDCCH reception in multiple CORESETs associated with multiple search space sets in order of the smallest monitoring periodicity. RLM If more than one CORESET is associated with multiple search space sets with the same monitoring period, the UE determines the order of the CORESETs from the highest CORESET index.

[0057] where L max is the maximum number of SS / PBCH block indexes in a cell. The maximum number of SS / PBCH blocks transmitted in a half frame is L max is.

[0058] Thus, if the UE is not provided with RLM-RS, the UE makes an implicit RLM-RS decision and uses the active TCI state for PDCCH reception for RLM. max If N = 4, the UE first sorts the search space sets in ascending order of monitoring period, then in descending order of CORESET index. RLM Select RSs.

[0059] The UE uses N for link recovery procedures and RLM. LR-RLM Up to N RLM-RSs can be configured. LR-RLM From RLM-RS, L max Depends on N RLMUp to RLM-RSs are used for RLM. In Rel. 16, as shown in Figure 1, max N if =4 RLM = 2, and L max N when =8 RLM = 4, and L max = 64, N RLM = 8. Note that L max and N RLM and N LR-RLM The correspondence is not limited to this.

[0060] (Cell-free) Existing wireless communication systems (e.g., 5G NR) have adopted a cellular system in which one cell is formed by one antenna / transmitting / receiving point (TRP). The area formed by the cell is fixed / static.

[0061] In addition, existing wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 16 and later) have introduced distributed multi-input multi-output (Distributed MIMO, e.g., multi-TRP using multiple TRPs), which forms a communication area using the coverage of multiple antennas / TRPs. Distributed MIMO allows simultaneous communication using multiple antennas / TRPs and communication using one antenna / TRP.

[0062] By adopting distributed MIMO, it is possible to create a more favorable line-of-sight environment and improve MIMO performance.

[0063] 2A and 2B are diagrams illustrating an overview of MIMO. Fig. 2A illustrates an example of co-located MIMO. In co-located MIMO, one UE communicates with one antenna / TRP.

[0064] On the other hand, Figure 2B illustrates an example of distributed MIMO, in which one UE communicates with multiple antennas / TRPs in cooperation with each other.

[0065] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 and later), the introduction of cell-free communication is being considered with the aim of further improving performance and energy efficiency through reducing interference between multiple antennas / TRPs, creating a line-of-sight environment for high-frequency use, improving frequency utilization efficiency throughout the system, and applying equal, high-quality communication to each user.

[0066] Self-Free may also be referred to as cell-free massive MIMO (mMIMO) or large-scale distributed MIMO (D-MIMO). Self-Free uses coherent cooperation of multiple access points. Self-Free may include at least one of ultra-dense deployment, scalable cooperation, user-centric clustering, super-carrier aggregation, and analog fronthaul. The user plane for cell-free may perform more flexible scheduling than existing scheduling. The control plane for cell-free may maintain some form of cell to facilitate signaling.

[0067] In cell-free, unlike conventional cellular systems, one area (which may be called a cell / sub-cell, etc.) may be formed by multiple antennas / TRPs. In other words, the area may mean a cell that is independent of the location of the antenna / TRP.

[0068] In cell-free, the set of antennas / TRPs used to form a coverage area may be changed according to the needs of UEs. For example, the set of antennas / TRPs may be changed based on the number of UEs, the number of traffic, communication purposes (e.g., initial access, data communication, measurement, reporting, etc.), etc., rather than the coverage of the antennas / TRPs.

[0069] In other words, in cell-free, the coverage between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0070] In cell-free mode, the direction in which a synchronization signal (which may also be called, for example, a synchronization signal block (SSB), a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH) block, etc.) is transmitted may be controlled for each antenna / TRP.

[0071] In addition, in cell-free, a central unit (CU) / distributed unit (DU) may be virtualized for each antenna, or each antenna may be managed by only the CU.

[0072] Fig. 3A is a diagram showing an overview of a cellular system, in which cells formed by each antenna / TRP are shown, and UEs communicate based on these cells.

[0073] On the other hand, Figure 3B is a diagram showing an overview of a cell-free system. In the example shown in Figure 3B, the installed antennas / TRPs do not form fixed / static cells in a cellular system. As shown in Figure 3B, in a cell-free system, one or more antennas / TRPs form areas according to conditions. Therefore, in a cell-free system, each antenna / TRP does not need to correspond to the same physical cell ID, and the areas between multiple antennas / TRPs may overlap.

[0074] Self-regulation may be achieved, for example, by coordinating a set of antennas / TRPs controlled by a central control unit (e.g., CU).

[0075] In a cell-free system, a first cell (which may be called, for example, a cell / super cell / macro cell / large cell, etc.) with a fixed physical range like a cell in a 5G NR system, and a second cell (which may be called, for example, a subcell / area / micro cell / cell / small cell / second cell within the first cell, etc.) with a quasi-static / dynamic physical range that varies based on conditions may be formed.

[0076] For example, a first cell may be referred to as a supercell to distinguish it from a second cell. When a supercell is composed of multiple second cells, the second cells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR. For example, a second cell may be referred to as a subcell to distinguish it from a first cell. When a supercell or a cell is composed of multiple subcells, the subcells may have the same definition / operation / coverage as existing cells in NR.

[0077] The first cell may be a cell that is newly defined in a future wireless communication system, or may be a cell defined in an existing wireless communication system that is reused.

[0078] The configurations of the first cell and the second cell can be considered as follows: Assumption 1 and Assumption 2: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs with one cell ID (physical cell ID (PCI)). The multiple TRPs can transmit and receive in coordination. Assumption 2: The first cell is composed of multiple TRPs (or sub-cells) with different cell IDs. The multiple TRPs / sub-cells can transmit and receive in coordination.

[0079] 4A is a diagram showing an example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 1. In the example shown in FIG. 4A, each TRP included in the first cell (super cell / cell) has the same PCI (PCI #0). Multiple TRPs can communicate with one UE in a coordinated manner.

[0080] Figure 4B is a diagram showing an example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 2. In the example shown in Figure 4B, each TRP included in the first cell (super cell / cell) has a different PCI (PCI #0 to #9). Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively with one UE.

[0081] Figure 4C is a diagram showing another example of the outline of the cell-free configuration assumption 2. In the example shown in Figure 4C, a PCI is assigned to each TRP included in the first cell (supercell / cell). In the example shown in Figure 4C, unlike the example in Figure 4B, the same PCI may correspond to multiple TRPs. Multiple TRPs can communicate cooperatively with one UE.

[0082] Transmission / reception with TRP / subcell coordination may be based on at least one of the following schemes supported in NR: - Transmission of a single TRP / subcell with dynamic TRP / subcell switching (single-TRP transmission). - Joint transmission using multiple TRPs / subcells (multi-TRP joint transmission). The joint transmission may be based on a single DCI or multiple DCIs. The joint transmission may be non-coherent joint transmission (NCJT) or coherent joint transmission (CJT).

[0083] For cell-free, assuming ideal backhaul and tight coordination, in the joint transmission scheme, CJT may be prioritized over NCJT, and single DCI-based joint transmission may be prioritized over multi-DCI-based joint transmission.

[0084] (Analysis) In the above-described cell-free system, it is considered that various settings / parameters are set for the UE on a second cell (area / sub-cell) basis.

[0085] However, there has been insufficient consideration given to how to configure the first cell / second cell in a cell-free system.

[0086] Furthermore, when the second cell is changed dynamically or semi-statically, various settings / parameters may be changed accordingly for each second cell.

[0087] When various settings / parameters are changed in this way, there is a possibility that some UEs (multiple UEs) may become RLF / BF all at once.

[0088] 5 is a diagram showing an example of a change accompanying a change of the second cell. In the example shown in FIG. 5, two areas, Area 1 (solid line) and Area 2 (dashed line), are shown, and beams for each area are shown (the beam for Area 1 is shown with a solid line, and the beam for Area 2 is shown with a dashed line).

[0089] 5 shows a case where, when an area is changed / updated, a beam (e.g., beam 1) intended for area 1 before the area change is no longer transmitted after the area change. In this case, UEs using beam 1 are subject to RLF / BF.

[0090] 5 shows a case where, when an area is changed / updated, a beam (e.g., beam 2) for area 1 before the area change is changed to a beam for area 2 after the area change. In this case, a UE using beam 2 in area 1 is subject to RLF / BF.

[0091] In addition, when the location of the TRP is not fixed and the TRP physically moves (for example, in the case of a mobile base station / non-terrestrial network (NTN))), there is a possibility that some UEs (multiple UEs) may become RLF / BF simultaneously.

[0092] However, there has been insufficient consideration of methods for detecting a change / update of a second cell in a cell-free system and for distinguishing between an RLF / BF associated with the change / update and an existing RLF / BF.

[0093] If these considerations are not sufficient, it may not be possible to carry out appropriate communication using cells / areas that change dynamically / semi-statically, which may hinder improvement in communication throughput.

[0094] Therefore, the present inventors came up with a method for solving the above problem.

[0095] Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied independently or in combination.

[0096] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted interchangeably. Also, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

[0097] In the present disclosure, terms such as notify, activate, deactivate, indicate (or indicate), select, configure, update, and determine may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may be read interchangeably.

[0098] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) control elements (CEs), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may be interchangeable.

[0099] In the present disclosure, the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination thereof.

[0100] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.

[0101] In the present disclosure, physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and the like.

[0102] (Wireless Communication Method) In the present disclosure, a cell with a fixed physical range, a cell that does not change, a first cell, a super cell, a cell, a macro cell, a large cell, and the like may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0103] In the present disclosure, a cell whose physical range changes quasi-statically / dynamically based on conditions, a cell that changes, a second cell, a cell, an area, a microcell, a small cell, a second cell within a first cell, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0104] The first cell may include one or more second cells.

[0105] One second cell may be included in multiple first cells, and different first cells may share one second cell.

[0106] The different first cells may or may not overlap.

[0107] <Tenth Embodiment> In this embodiment, the configurations of the first cell and the second cell will be described.

[0108] The UE may transmit and receive signals using a second cell included in the first cell, and may receive a configuration for the second cell and transmit and receive signals based on the configuration.

[0109] Components of one Physical Cell ID (PCI) may include at least one of the following: Number of TRPs per PCI, TRP coverage layout, Number of synchronization signals (e.g., SSB, SS / PBCH blocks) per TRP.

[0110] The configuration of the first cell may be associated with a component of the PCI. The first cell may be configured based on the component of the PCI.

[0111] 6 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of a PCI component. As shown in FIG. 6, the PCI component is composed of the number of TRPs per PCI, the TRP coverage layout, and the number of SSBs per TRP.

[0112] As shown in FIG. 6, the number of TRPs per PCI may take one or multiple values, the TRP coverage layout may be either non-overlapping or overlapping in TRP coverage, and the number of SSBs per TRP may take one or multiple values.

[0113] In the present disclosure, the pattern related to the PCI component may be any one of patterns 1 to 5 shown in Fig. 6. The pattern numbers shown in Fig. 6 are all examples and are not limited to these examples. Furthermore, the PCI component may include elements other than those shown in Fig. 6.

[0114] 7A is a diagram showing an example of a cell configuration according to pattern 1. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7A, the number of TRPs included in PCI / cell is one, the TRP coverage does not overlap, and the number of SSBs per TRP is multiple. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7A, the coverage of the TRP may coincide with the coverage of the cell (first cell) (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in FIG. 7A).

[0115] For example, inter-cell multi-TRP operation can be performed using a cell configuration according to pattern 1 as shown in FIG. 7A.

[0116] 7B is a diagram showing an example of a cell configuration according to Pattern 2. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7B, the number of TRPs included in the PCI / cell is multiple, the TRP coverage does not overlap, and the number of SSBs per TRP is one. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7B, the coverage of the TRP may coincide with the coverage of the SSB (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in FIG. 7B).

[0117] For example, inter-cell multi-TRP operation can be performed using a cell configuration according to pattern 2 as shown in FIG. 7B.

[0118] 7C is a diagram showing an example of a cell configuration according to Pattern 3. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7C, the number of TRPs included in the PCI / cell is multiple, the TRP coverage does not overlap, and the number of SSBs per TRP is multiple.

[0119] For example, inter-cell multi-TRP operation can be performed using a cell configuration according to pattern 3 as shown in FIG. 7C.

[0120] 7D is a diagram showing an example of a cell configuration according to Pattern 4. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7D, the number of TRPs included in the PCI / cell is multiple, the TRP coverage overlaps, and the number of SSBs per TRP is one. Note that in the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7D, the coverage of the TRP may coincide with the coverage of the SSB (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in FIG. 7D).

[0121] For example, inter-cell / intra-cell multi-TRP operation can be performed using a cell configuration according to Pattern 3 as shown in FIG. 7D.

[0122] 7E is a diagram showing an example of a cell configuration according to Pattern 5. In the cell configuration shown in FIG. 7E, the number of TRPs included in a PCI / cell is multiple, the TRP coverage overlaps, and the number of SSBs per TRP is multiple.

[0123] For example, inter-cell / intra-cell multi-TRP operation can be performed using a cell configuration according to pattern 3 as shown in FIG. 7D.

[0124] Furthermore, the components of one second cell (e.g., area) may include at least one of the following: - Number of CU / DUs per second cell - Number of PCIs per second cell - Number of TRPs per second cell - Number of synchronization signals (e.g., SSB, SS / PBCH blocks) per second cell.

[0125] The configuration of the second cell may be associated with the components of the second cell, and the second cell may be configured based on the components of the second cell.

[0126] 8 is a diagram showing an example of a pattern of the elements (area components) of one area. As shown in FIG. 8, the area components are composed of the number of CU / DUs per area, the number of PCIs per area, the number of TRPs per area, and the number of synchronization signals per area.

[0127] As shown in Figure 8, the number of CU / DUs per second cell, the number of PCIs per second cell, the number of TRPs per second cell, and the number of synchronization signals per second cell can each take one or more values.

[0128] In the present disclosure, a pattern related to an area component may be any of patterns A to E shown in Fig. 8. The pattern symbols shown in Fig. 8 are all examples and are not limited to these examples. Furthermore, an area component may include elements other than the elements shown in Fig. 8.

[0129] For example, the second cells according to the above patterns A, D, and E may be configurable in any first cell (cell configuration).

[0130] The following describes configurations related to the first cell / second cell when different cells overlap and when they do not overlap, and at least one of the following configurations related to the first cell / second cell may be defined / set.

[0131] <<Configuration of First Cell / Second Cell According to Pattern 1>> [Option 1-1] Different first cells do not have to (physically) overlap.

[0132] In this option, the second cell may be configured according to at least one of the patterns A, B, D and E above.

[0133] 9A is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to Option 1-1. In the example shown in FIG. 9A, two different cells (first cells) do not overlap.

[0134] In the example shown in FIG. 9A, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern A, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern B, and a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern D / E are shown.

[0135] In the cell configuration in Figure 9A, the coverage of the TRP may match the coverage of the cell (first cell) (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in Figure 9A).

[0136] In this optional configuration, only single-TRP operation may be possible in each secondary cell.

[0137] This optional configuration allows for better network energy saving (NES).

[0138] [Option 1-2] Different first cells may (physically) overlap.

[0139] In this option, the second cell may be configured according to at least one of the patterns A, B, D and E above.

[0140] 9B is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to Option 1-2. In the example shown in FIG. 9B, two different cells (first cells) overlap.

[0141] In the example shown in FIG. 9B, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern A, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern B, and a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern D / E are shown.

[0142] In the cell configuration in Figure 9B, the coverage of the TRP may match the coverage of the cell (first cell) (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in Figure 9B).

[0143] In this optional configuration, for example, inter-cell multi-TRP operation may be enabled in the second cell according to pattern D / E.

[0144] This optional configuration can, for example, increase the coverage within overlapping cells, thereby improving the uniformity of communication quality.

[0145] Furthermore, this optional configuration can increase frequency utilization efficiency by, for example, reducing coverage in overlapping cells.

[0146] In addition, in the configuration of this option, by reusing existing NR-specification antennas / TRPs, operation can be achieved by modifying the antenna / TRP devices so that they overlap with the coverage deployed by existing NR, thereby reducing station installation costs.

[0147] <<Configuration of First Cell / Second Cell According to Pattern 2 / Pattern 4>> [Option 2 / 4-1] Different first cells do not have to overlap (physically).

[0148] In this option, the second cell may be configured according to at least one of the patterns A, C, D and E above.

[0149] 10A is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to Option 2 / 4-1. In the example shown in FIG. 10A, two different cells (first cells) do not overlap.

[0150] In the example shown in FIG. 10A, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern A, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern C, and a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern D / E are shown.

[0151] In the cell configuration in FIG. 10A, the coverage of the TRP may coincide with the coverage of the SSB (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in FIG. 10A).

[0152] Also, in this optional configuration, only single TRP operation may be possible in each second cell.

[0153] According to this optional configuration, for example, by increasing the number of TRPs per first cell, it is possible to improve the uniformity of communication quality and frequency utilization efficiency.

[0154] [Option 2 / 4-2] Different first cells may (physically) overlap.

[0155] In this option, the second cell may be configured according to at least one of the patterns A, C, D and E above.

[0156] 10B is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to option 2 / 4-2. In the example shown in FIG. 10B, two different cells (first cells) overlap.

[0157] In the example shown in FIG. 10B, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern A, a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern C, and a second cell (coverage of the second cell) related to pattern D / E are shown.

[0158] In the cell configuration in FIG. 10B, the coverage of the TRP may coincide with the coverage of the SSB (therefore, the coverage of the TRP is not shown in FIG. 10B).

[0159] In this optional configuration, for example, inter-cell multi-TRP operation may be enabled in the second cell according to pattern D / E.

[0160] This optional configuration can, for example, increase the coverage within overlapping cells, thereby improving the uniformity of communication quality.

[0161] Furthermore, this optional configuration can increase frequency utilization efficiency by, for example, reducing coverage in overlapping cells.

[0162] Furthermore, according to the configuration of this option, for example, by increasing the number of TRPs per first cell, it is possible to improve the uniformity of communication quality and frequency utilization efficiency.

[0163] <<Configuration of First Cell / Second Cell According to Pattern 3 / Pattern 5>> [Option 3 / 5-1] Different first cells do not have to overlap (physically).

[0164] In this option, the second cell may be configured according to at least one of the patterns A, B, C, D and E above.

[0165] 11A is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to Option 3 / 5-1. In the example shown in FIG. 11A, two different cells (first cells) do not overlap.

[0166] In the example shown in FIG. 11A, a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern A, a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern B, a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern C, and a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern D / E are shown.

[0167] 11A shows an example in which the second cell according to pattern B is included only in the coverage of antenna / TRP#0, and the second cell according to pattern C shown in FIG. 11A shows an example in which the second cell corresponds to the overlapping portion between the coverage of antenna / TRP#1 and the coverage of antenna / TRP#2.

[0168] In this optional configuration, single TRP operation may be possible in each second cell.

[0169] In addition, in this optional configuration, in the second cell where the coverage of multiple TRPs overlap, intra-cell multi-TRP operation may be enabled, which can improve frequency utilization efficiency.

[0170] Furthermore, according to the configuration of this option, for example, by increasing the number of TRPs per first cell, it is possible to improve the uniformity of communication quality and frequency utilization efficiency.

[0171] [Option 3 / 5-2] Different first cells may overlap (physically).

[0172] In this option, the second cell may be configured according to at least one of the patterns A, B, C, D and E above.

[0173] 11B is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the first and second cells according to option 3 / 5-2. In the example shown in FIG. 11B, two different cells (first cells) overlap.

[0174] In the example shown in FIG. 11B, a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern A, a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern B, a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern C, and a second cell (second cell coverage) related to pattern D / E are shown.

[0175] 11B shows an example in which the second cell according to pattern B is included only in the coverage of antenna / TRP#0, and the second cell according to pattern C according to pattern B is included in the overlapping area between the coverage of antenna / TRP#1 and the coverage of antenna / TRP#2.

[0176] In this optional configuration, for example, inter-cell multi-TRP operation may be enabled in the second cell according to pattern D / E.

[0177] In addition, in this optional configuration, in the case of the cell configuration of Pattern 5, intra-cell multi-TRP operation may be possible. By configuring in this way, it is possible to improve frequency utilization efficiency.

[0178] According to the configuration of this option, for example, it is possible to improve the uniformity of communication quality and frequency utilization efficiency compared to the above-mentioned option 1-2, and it is possible to reduce station placement costs compared to the above-mentioned option 2 / 4-2.

[0179] According to this embodiment, the configuration of the second cell can be specified in detail and appropriately.

[0180] <<Flexibility of the Second Cell>> The second cell may be configured / reconfigured based on specific conditions / trigger(s). The definition of the second cell is described in detail below.

[0181] The configuration of the second cell may be changed / updated based on certain conditions / trigger(s).

[0182] The specific condition / trigger may be, for example, at least one of a condition / trigger related to UE distribution, a condition / trigger related to traffic, a condition / trigger related to a specific event, and a condition / trigger based on specific information (for example, at least one of information related to time, location information related to UE / TRP, and information related to the season).

[0183] For example, the condition / trigger related to the distribution of UEs may be a condition / trigger based on the distribution / number of UEs in the first cell / second cell.

[0184] For example, the traffic-related conditions / triggers may be conditions / triggers based on at least one of the traffic volume / communication volume within the first cell / second cell, the traffic volume / communication volume for TRP, and the traffic volume / communication volume for SSB.

[0185] For example, a specific event related to a condition / trigger for a specific event may be predefined in a specification or may depend on the implementation of the network.

[0186] For example, the condition / trigger based on specific information may be a condition / trigger based on at least one of information regarding the time of day, information regarding a specific timer, location information regarding the UE / TRP, and information regarding the time of year (e.g., date, time, day of the week, weather, etc.).

[0187] The second cell may be configured based on the particular condition / trigger, or statically, regardless of the particular condition.

[0188] The second cell may be dynamically / semi-statically configured based on the specific condition / trigger. By configuring in this manner, it is possible to reduce power consumption in the network and provide communication quality that meets the demands of the UE.

[0189] Restrictions on the change / update of the second cell may be defined. The NW may decide not to change / update the second cell in certain cases.

[0190] Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in the configuration of the second cell. The example illustrated in Fig. 12 illustrates a case in which the range of the second cell (area) is changed according to the distribution of UEs and the change in time (from time #1 to time #2).

[0191] According to this embodiment, it is possible to appropriately define changes / updates to the configuration of the second cell.

[0192] <<Definition of the Second Cell>> The configuration / definition of the second cell will be described below.

[0193] Regarding the configuration / definition of the second cell, at least one of the following options 0-1 and 0-2 may be appropriately and consistently combined with the above description of the second cell.

[0194] [Option 0-1] The second cell may be configured by one cell (first cell) / PCI.

[0195] For example, the second cell may be identified by a PCI (similar to the existing NR). For example, the second cell may be configured with a PCI similar to the existing NR.

[0196] The PCI may be defined, for example, in the same way as the PCI defined in the existing NR.

[0197] This option may correspond to scenario 1 above.

[0198] [[Option 0-1-1]] A second cell may be configured with one TRP for one cell, in other words, one second cell may correspond to one TRP.

[0199] [[[Option 0-1-1-1]]] The second cell may be configured with one synchronization signal (e.g., SSB and / or SS / PBCH block) for one cell. In other words, one second cell may correspond to one synchronization signal. Such a configuration corresponds, for example, to the second cell according to Pattern A in at least one of Options 1-1, 1-2, 2 / 4-1, 2 / 4-2, 3 / 5-1, and 3 / 5-2.

[0200] [[[Option 0-1-1-2]]] The second cell may be configured by multiple synchronization signals (e.g., parts of the synchronization signal) for one cell. In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple synchronization signals (parts of the synchronization signal for one cell). Such a configuration corresponds, for example, to the second cell according to Pattern B in at least one of Options 1-1, 1-2, 3 / 5-1, and 3 / 5-2.

[0201] [[[Option 0-1-1-3]]] The second cell may be configured with multiple synchronization signals for one cell (e.g., all synchronization signals for one cell). In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple synchronization signals (all synchronization signals for one cell). Such a configuration corresponds to, for example, the second cell according to Pattern B in at least one of Options 1-1 and 1-2 above.

[0202] [[Option 0-1-2]] A second cell may be configured with multiple TRPs (e.g., portions of TRPs) for one cell. In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple TRPs (portions of TRPs) for one cell.

[0203] [[[Option 0-1-2-1]]] The second cell may be configured by multiple synchronization signals (e.g., parts of the synchronization signal) for one cell. In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple synchronization signals (parts of the synchronization signal for one cell). Such a configuration corresponds, for example, to the second cell according to Pattern C in at least one of Options 2 / 4-1, 2 / 4-2, 3 / 5-1, and 3 / 5-2.

[0204] [[Options 0-1-3]] A second cell may be configured with multiple TRPs for one cell (e.g., all TRPs for one cell). In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple TRPs (all TRPs for one cell).

[0205] [[[Option 0-1-3-1]]] The second cell may be configured with one synchronization signal (e.g., SSB and / or SS / PBCH block) for one cell. In other words, one second cell may correspond to one synchronization signal. Such a configuration corresponds, for example, to the second cell according to Pattern A in at least one of Options 1-1 and 1-2 above.

[0206] [[[Option 0-1-3-2]]] The second cell may be configured by multiple synchronization signals (e.g., parts of the synchronization signal) intended for one cell. In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple synchronization signals (parts of the synchronization signal intended for one cell). Such a configuration corresponds, for example, to the second cell according to Pattern B in at least one of Options 1-1 and 1-2 above, and to the second cell according to Pattern C in at least one of Options 3 / 5-1 and 3 / 5-2 above.

[0207] [[[Option 0-1-3-3]]] The second cell may be configured with multiple synchronization signals for one cell (e.g., all synchronization signals for one cell). In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple synchronization signals (all synchronization signals for one cell). Such a configuration corresponds, for example, to the second cell according to Pattern B in at least one of Options 1-1 and 1-2, and the second cell according to Pattern C in at least one of Options 2 / 4-1, 2 / 4-2, 3 / 5-1, and 3 / 5-2.

[0208] [Option 0-2] The second cell may be composed of multiple cells (first cells) / PCIs.

[0209] The PCI may be defined, for example, in the same way as the PCI defined in the existing NR.

[0210] This option may correspond to scenario 2 above.

[0211] [[Option 0-2-1]] The second cell may be configured with multiple TRPs, in other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple TRPs.

[0212] The TRP may be defined, for example, in the same way as the TRP defined in the existing NR.

[0213] [[[Option 0-2-1-1]]] The second cell may be configured by multiple synchronization signals. In other words, one second cell may correspond to multiple synchronization signals. Such a configuration corresponds to, for example, the second cell related to Pattern D / E in at least one of Options 1-1, 1-2, 2 / 4-1, 2 / 4-2, 3 / 5-1, and 3 / 5-2.

[0214] Each of the above options may be selected / determined based on the above-mentioned conditions / triggers (for example, conditions / triggers based on time / number of UEs / traffic, etc.).

[0215] The change / update of each of the above options may be configured / instructed / notified to the UE based on at least one of system information (e.g., SIB / MIB), higher layer signaling (RRC parameters / MAC CE), and DCI.

[0216] The above options may be changed / updated based on the above conditions / triggers (e.g., timers / events) or based on the implementation of the NW / UE.

[0217] The second cell may be identified by a specific ID.

[0218] The particular ID may have a fixed value.

[0219] The specific ID may be a virtual ID. In other words, the specific ID may be an ID that can be dynamically changed, and the configuration / scope / position of the second cell may be dynamically changed in accordance with the change in the ID.

[0220] Common / dedicated configurations / parameters for multiple second cells may be signaled to the UE, and the configurations / parameters may be signaled using higher layer (RRC) parameters, for example.

[0221] The settings / parameters may be, for example, PCI / TRP / SSB related settings / parameters.

[0222] The second cell may be used for a particular purpose / property, or in other words, the second cell may be defined / configured / identified with a particular purpose / property.

[0223] The specific purpose may be, for example, at least one of the following: control plane, user plane, paging, measurement, reporting, measurement reporting, beam indication / activation, transmission / reception of specific channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS / PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS), initial access, on-demand signals, and handover trigger signals.

[0224] The particular characteristic may be, for example, at least one of Doppler shift, Doppler spread, mean delay, mean spread, band / component carrier, subcarrier spacing, TCI state, spatial relationship, QCL type, timing advance value, downlink transmission timing, and RNTI.

[0225] The number (e.g., the maximum number) of PCIs / TRPs / SSBs in one second cell may be predefined in a specification, may be configured / instructed / notified to a UE using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, may be determined based on a report of UE capability information, or may be determined by a combination of at least two of these.

[0226] The second cells may be arranged (physically) contiguously, or the second cells may be arranged (physically) discontinuously from one another.

[0227] According to this embodiment, the configuration of the second cell can be specified in detail and appropriately.

[0228] <<Sharing Between Second Cells>> [Option 0-3-1] A synchronization signal (e.g., SSB and / or SS / PBCH block) may be shared between multiple second cells. A UE may assume that it can receive the same (shared / common) synchronization signal in different multiple second cells.

[0229] In this case, the information contained in the synchronization signal may be configurable as second cell-specific information.

[0230] In option 0-3-1, the TRP / PCI may be shared among multiple second cells.

[0231] In option 0-3-1, at least one of the following may be used among multiple second cells: an ID for the same synchronization signal (e.g., SSB ID / SSB index / candidate SSB index), an ID for the same TRP (e.g., at least one of an ID for identifying a TRP, a TRP ID, and a CORESET pool index), and the same PCI.

[0232] FIG. 13A is a diagram showing an example of an area related to Option 0-3-1. FIG. 13A shows one cell including TRP#0-TRP#3. In the example shown in FIG. 13A, Area#1 and Area#2 are formed within the coverage of TRP#0. Area#1 and Area#2 overlap with each other, and have the same SSB coverage. In other words, in the overlapping area, Area#1 and Area#2 can share the same SSB / TRP / PCI.

[0233] By allowing a configuration such as option 0-3-1, the most flexible configuration of the second cell is possible.

[0234] [Option 0-3-2] Synchronization signals may not be shared among multiple second cells. The UE may assume that it does not receive the same (shared / common) synchronization signal in different multiple second cells.

[0235] In this case, the information included in the synchronization signal may be configurable as information specific to the second cell, and in this case, the second cell may be identified using an index related to the synchronization signal.

[0236] In option 0-3-2, the TRP / PCI may be shared among multiple second cells.

[0237] In option 0-3-2, at least one of the same TRP ID (e.g., at least one of an ID for identifying the TRP, a TRP ID, and a CORESET pool index) and the same PCI may be used between multiple second cells.

[0238] FIG. 13B is a diagram showing an example of an area according to Option 0-3-2. FIG. 13B shows one cell including TRP#0-TRP#3. In the example shown in FIG. 13B, Area#1 and Area#2 are formed within the coverage of TRP#1. Area#1 and Area#2 do not overlap with each other, so Area#1 and Area#2 have different SSB coverage. Therefore, areas included in Area#1 or Area#2 do not share the same SSB, but can share the same TRP / PCI.

[0239] In a configuration such as Option 0-3-2, the maximum number of second cells within a first cell may be the number of synchronization signals (SSB / SSB coverage), or, if the second cell spans multiple SSB coverages, the maximum number of second cells within a first cell may be the number of spanning SSBs (SSB groups).

[0240] [Option 0-3-3] Synchronization signals and TRPs may not be shared among multiple second cells. The UE may assume that it does not transmit / receive signals for the same TRP and does not receive the same (shared / common) synchronization signal in different multiple second cells.

[0241] In this case, the information included in the synchronization signal may be set as information specific to the second cell. Also, in this case, the second cell may be identified using an index related to the synchronization signal. Also, in this case, the second cell may be identified using an ID related to the TRP (an ID for identifying the TRP).

[0242] In option 0-3-3, the PCI may be shared among multiple second cells.

[0243] In option 0-3-3, the same PCI may be used among multiple second cells.

[0244] FIG. 13C is a diagram showing an example of an area related to Option 0-3-3. FIG. 13C shows one cell including TRP#0-TRP#3. In the example shown in FIG. 13C, Area#1 is formed within the coverage of TRP#2, and Area#2 is formed within the coverage of TRP#3. Area#1 and Area#2 do not overlap with each other, so Area#1 and Area#2 have different SSB coverage. Therefore, the areas included in Area#1 or Area#2 do not share the same SSB, do not share the same TRP, and can share the same PCI.

[0245] In a configuration such as option 0-3-3, the maximum number of second cells in a first cell may be the number of TRPs. Also, if the second cell spans multiple TRPs, the maximum number of second cells in a first cell may be the number of spanning TRPs (TRP groups).

[0246] [Option 0-3-4] Synchronization signals, TRPs, and PCIs may not be shared among multiple second cells. The UE may assume that different second cells do not transmit / receive signals to / from the same cell (first cell / PCI), the same TRP, or receive the same (shared / common) synchronization signal.

[0247] In this case, the information included in the synchronization signal may be set as information specific to the second cell. Also, in this case, the second cell may be identified using an index related to the synchronization signal. Also, in this case, the second cell may be identified using an ID related to the TRP (an ID for identifying the TRP). Also, in this case, the second cell may be identified using a PCI.

[0248] In a configuration such as Option 0-3-4, the maximum number of second cells in a first cell may be 1. Also, when a second cell spans multiple first cells, the total maximum number of second cells may be the number of spanned first cells / PCI (PCI group).

[0249] Each of the above options may be selected / determined based on the above-mentioned conditions / triggers (for example, conditions / triggers based on time / number of UEs / traffic, etc.).

[0250] The change / update of each of the above options may be configured / instructed / notified to the UE based on at least one of system information (e.g., SIB / MIB), higher layer signaling (RRC parameters / MAC CE), and DCI.

[0251] The above options may be changed / updated based on the above conditions / triggers (e.g., timers / events) or based on the implementation of the NW / UE.

[0252] The ID in each of the above options (e.g., an ID related to a synchronization signal, an ID related to a TRP, and / or a PCI) may be a global ID (e.g., common to all networks) or a local ID (e.g., unique to a part of networks).

[0253] The number (e.g., the maximum number) of multiple second cells using at least one of the same synchronization signal ID, the same TRP ID, and the same PCI may be predefined in a specification, may be configured / instructed / notified to a UE using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, may be determined based on a report of UE capability information, or may be determined by a combination of at least two of these.

[0254] According to this embodiment, the configuration of the second cell can be specified in detail and appropriately.

[0255] <Connection configuration and UE operation using the second cell> The second cell may be used in carrier aggregation (CA) / dual connectivity (DC) between a first frequency band (e.g., a low frequency band (e.g., an existing NR frequency band)) and a second frequency band (e.g., a high frequency band).

[0256] For example, the first cell and the second cell may be utilized in a first / second frequency band.

[0257] When a specific cell (e.g., a primary cell (PCell) / special cell (SpCell) / primary secondary cell (PSCell)) / specific cell group (e.g., a master cell group (MCG)) corresponds to a first frequency band (when a cell / cell group other than the specific cell / cell group corresponds to a second frequency band), the UE may perform BFR for the SCell for BFR operation.

[0258] If a specific cell (e.g., PCell / SpCell / PSCell) / specific cell group (e.g., MCG) corresponds to the second frequency band (if cells / cell groups other than the specific cell / cell group correspond to the first frequency band), the UE may perform BFR / link recovery / cell change for the PCell for the BFR / link recovery / cell change operation.

[0259] 14A is a diagram showing an example of a connection configuration using a second cell. In the example shown in FIG. 14A, a UE communicates using CA / DC between a cell using a low frequency band and a first / second cell using a high frequency band.

[0260] 14B is a diagram showing another example of a connection configuration using a second cell. In the example shown in FIG. 14B, the UE communicates using CA / DC between the first / second cell using a low frequency band and the first / second cell using a high frequency band.

[0261] If the beam to which the UE is connected is no longer in use, the UE may perform BFR / link recovery for a particular cell / cell group.

[0262] For example, if a UE is using a connection beam in a first / second cell that uses a high frequency band and that connection beam is no longer in use, the UE may perform BFR / link recovery to a cell that uses a low frequency band.

[0263] For example, if a UE is using a connection beam in a first / second cell that uses a high frequency band and that connection beam is no longer in use, the UE may perform BFR / link recovery to another first / second cell that uses that high frequency.

[0264] If the second cell corresponding to the beam to which the UE is connected is changed, the UE may perform BFR for a specific cell / cell group.

[0265] For example, if a UE is using a connection beam in a second cell that uses a higher frequency band and the second cell corresponding to that connection beam is changed, the UE may perform BFR / link recovery to a cell that uses a lower frequency band.

[0266] For example, if a UE is using a connection beam in a second cell that uses a high frequency band and the second cell corresponding to the connection beam is changed, the UE may perform BFR to another second cell that uses the high frequency band.

[0267] According to this embodiment, even when communication is performed in the first / second cell, appropriate NW operation / UE operation can be defined.

[0268] According to the 0th embodiment described above, it is possible to define an appropriate first / second cell configuration, and to perform cell-free communication appropriately.

[0269] First Embodiment In this embodiment, detection of change / update of the second cell will be described.

[0270] The first embodiment is roughly divided into the following embodiments 1-1 and 1-2. The UE / NW may apply the following embodiments 1-1 / 1-2 alone or in combination.

[0271] Furthermore, the UE / NW may switch and apply a mode corresponding to the following embodiment 1-1 / 1-2 based on specific settings / parameters / instructions.

[0272] <<Embodiment 1-1>> The NW may notify the UE of a change / update related to the second cell.

[0273] [Option 1-1-A] When the second cell is changed / updated, the UE may receive the change / update for the second cell using an explicit signal from the NW (e.g., system information (SIB / MIB) / higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI).

[0274] [Option 1-1-B] When the second cell is changed / updated, the UE may use an implicit instruction from the NW to determine the change / update for the second cell.

[0275] The implicit instruction may be, for example, an instruction regarding at least one of a specific random access channel (RACH) resource, an index regarding a specific synchronization signal (at least one of an SSB and an SS / PBCH block), a RACH preamble index, an ID regarding a beam (e.g., a TCI state), and information regarding a beam (e.g., a QCL source RS).

[0276] [[Option 1-1-B-1]] Based on the implicit indication, the UE may initiate a random access procedure to the corresponding (indicated) second cell / reference signal / PCI.

[0277] [[[Option 1-1-B-1-1]]] The random access procedure may be, for example, a Contention Free Random Access (CFRA) random access procedure.

[0278] When the UE is notified of the change / update of the second cell using higher layer parameters, the UE may perform CFRA using RACH resources based on information contained in the higher layer parameters (e.g., information regarding RACH resources).

[0279] When the UE is notified of the change / update of the second cell using the MAC CE / DCI, the UE may select / determine the RACH resource from information included in the higher layer parameters received in advance (e.g., information on the RACH resource) and perform CFRA.

[0280] [[[Option 1-1-B-1-2]]] The random access procedure may be, for example, a Contention Based Random Access (CFRA) random access procedure.

[0281] When the UE is notified of a change / update of the second cell using higher layer parameters, the UE may select / determine resources to be allocated for CBRA (RACH resources for CBRA) from RACH resources based on information contained in the higher layer parameters (e.g., information regarding RACH resources) and perform CBRA.

[0282] When the UE is notified of the change / update of the second cell using the MAC CE / DCI, the UE may select / determine the RACH resource for CBRA from information included in the higher layer parameters received in advance (e.g., information on the RACH resource) and perform CBRA.

[0283] In Option 1-1-B-1, the RACH resources that are set in advance using higher layer signaling may be resources that are set for changing / updating the second cell, or may be resources that are set for the first cell / low frequency band cell.

[0284] Furthermore, the random access procedure in the present disclosure may be a four-step random access or a two-step random access.

[0285] The UE may determine / assume that the second cell change / update is complete when the random access procedure is completed.

[0286] [[Option 1-1-B-2]] Based on the implicit indication, the UE may perform measurements on the corresponding (instructed) second cell / reference signal / PCI.

[0287] The UE may determine the second cell / reference signal / PCI with the best quality (e.g., L1-RSRP / SINR) from the measurement results and switch to that second cell / reference signal / PCI.

[0288] In this option, the UE may be notified of configurations (e.g., configurations of reference signals / resources for measurement) for multiple second cells using higher layer signaling (RRC signaling). The multiple second cells may be multiple second cells within the first cell where the UE is located, or multiple second cells within one or more first cells including the second cell where the UE is located.

[0289] [Option 1-1-B-3] Based on the implicit instruction, the UE may switch to a corresponding (instructed) beam of the second cell / PCI (e.g., a QCL source RS associated with a TCI state) or to a specific (e.g., default) beam of the second cell / PCI (e.g., a QCL source RS associated with a TCI state).

[0290] In this option, the UE may be notified of configurations (beam-related configurations) for multiple second cells using higher layer signaling (RRC signaling). The multiple second cells may be multiple second cells within the first cell where the UE is located, or multiple second cells within one or more first cells including the second cell where the UE is located.

[0291] [[Option 1-1-B-4]] Based on the implicit instruction, the UE may correct / change / update the RRC configuration of the corresponding (instructed) second cell / PCI or the RRC configuration of a specific (e.g., default) second cell / PCI.

[0292] In this option, the UE may be notified of configurations (beam-related configurations) for multiple second cells using higher layer signaling (RRC signaling). The multiple second cells may be multiple second cells within the first cell where the UE is located, or multiple second cells within one or more first cells including the second cell where the UE is located.

[0293] The UE may also maintain a configuration regarding PCIs shared by multiple second cells.

[0294] 15A is a diagram showing an example of a first cell / second cell configuration according to the first embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 15A, a UE is located in a second cell that spans a first cell of PCI #1 and a first cell of PCI #2. In the example shown in FIG. 15A, the first cell of PCI #1 and the first cell of PCI #2 overlap.

[0295] In this case, the UE receives, as RRC configuration, the serving cell configuration for PCI #1, the serving cell configuration for PCI #2, and also the configuration of the second cell in which the UE is located (serving area configuration).

[0296] After correcting / changing / updating the RRC settings, the UE may perform operations related to the above options 1-1-B-1 / 1-1-B-2 / 1-1-B-3.

[0297] [[Option 1-1-B-5]] The UE may reset the RRC configuration based on the implicit instruction, and then perform a reselection operation (e.g., measurement of synchronization signal / SSB) for the first cell / second cell.

[0298] The UE may perform measurements on multiple (e.g., all) first and second cells, and may attempt to establish an RRC connection with the first and second cells with the best quality (e.g., L1-RSRP / SINR) among the measurement results.

[0299] [[Option 1-1-B-6]] The UE may switch cells based on the implicit instruction.

[0300] The UE may be connected to a different second cell / frequency / PCI between the PCell and a particular cell (e.g., a secondary cell (SCell) / SpCell).

[0301] The cell switch may mean, for example, switching a specific cell (e.g., SCell / SpCell) to which the UE is already connected to, to the PCell.

[0302] The destination of the cell changeover may be specified in advance in a specification, or may be configured / instructed / notified to the UE using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, or may be determined by a combination of these.

[0303] Fig. 15B is a diagram illustrating an example of switching between the first cell and the second cell according to the first embodiment. In the example illustrated in Fig. 15B, the UE has already used the second cell as a PCell.

[0304] As shown in Figure 15B, when the UE switches cells, it switches to a cell other than the first cell / second cell (e.g., a cell in a low frequency band (e.g., an NR frequency band)) as the PCell.

[0305] [Option 1-1-B-7] Even if the UE receives this implicit instruction, it does not have to assume / expect that the connecting beam will no longer be used or that the connecting beam will be changed to a beam for another second cell.

[0306] The following describes the second cell change operation in the UE.

[0307] The UE may apply the configuration for the changed second cell / PCI / TRP / synchronization signal (e.g., SSB) after a specific period (e.g., X slots / symbols / ms) has elapsed after completing the RACH operation based on the notification from the NW. Then, the UE may transmit and receive channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS / PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS) in the changed second cell.

[0308] The UE may apply the settings for the changed second cell / PCI / TRP / synchronization signal (e.g., SSB) after a specific period (e.g., X slots / symbols / ms) has elapsed since a specific symbol (e.g., a symbol at which a notification from the NW is received or a symbol at which a response signal (HARQ-ACK) to the notification is transmitted) (e.g., when performing an operation other than RACH). Then, the UE may transmit and receive channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS / PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS) in the changed second cell.

[0309] The settings regarding the second cell / PCI / TRP / synchronization signal after the change may be, for example, settings regarding the beam (TCI status / QCL information) / search space / CORESET / BWP.

[0310] The specific period (e.g., X) may be specified in advance in a specification, may be configured / instructed / notified to the UE using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, may be determined based on UE capability information, or may be determined by a combination of at least two of these.

[0311] According to the above embodiment 1-1, it is possible to appropriately determine whether to change the second cell based on an instruction from the NW.

[0312] <<Embodiment 1-2>> The UE may notify the change / update related to the second cell without receiving a notification from the NW.

[0313] The UE may receive a configuration regarding reference signals for measurement in advance.

[0314] The UE may perform an operation related to a change / update of the second cell when the reception quality (e.g., L1-RARP / SINR) of the reference signal is lower than a certain threshold. Note that, when the UE obtains a measurement result lower than the certain threshold, the UE may determine that a change / update related to the second cell has been detected.

[0315] The particular threshold may be predefined in a specification or may be configured in the UE using higher layer signaling.

[0316] In the operation related to the change / update of the second cell, for example, the UE may first notify a higher layer and start incrementing a specific counter (for example, a counter for changing the second cell).

[0317] The UE may reset the counter if it is not instructed by a lower layer to increment the counter within a specific time period.

[0318] The specific time may be specified in advance or may be configured in the UE using higher layer signaling.

[0319] If the counter exceeds a certain number of times, the UE may perform at least one of the following operations from Options 1-2-1 to 1-2-4. The certain number of times may be specified in advance in a specification or may be configured in the UE using higher layer signaling.

[0320] [Option 1-2-1] The UE may perform measurements on multiple second cells / reference signals / PCIs.

[0321] The UE may be notified of configurations (e.g., configurations of reference signals / resources for measurement) for multiple second cells using higher layer signaling (RRC signaling). The multiple second cells may be multiple second cells within the first cell in which the UE is located, or multiple second cells within one or more first cells including the second cell in which the UE is located.

[0322] The UE may determine the second cell / reference signal / PCI with the best quality (e.g., L1-RSRP / SINR) from the measurement results and switch to the second cell / reference signal / PCI. After the switch, the UE may perform an operation according to at least one of the following options 1-2-1-1 to 1-2-1-3.

[0323] [[Option 1-2-1-1]] The UE may perform a random access procedure related to CFRA to the second cell after the switch.

[0324] The UE may be configured in advance with respect to the RACH resources related to the random access procedure using RRC signaling.

[0325] [[Option 1-2-1-2]] The UE may perform a random access procedure based on CBRA to the second cell after the switch.

[0326] The UE may select / determine the RACH resource to be used for the random access procedure from the RACH resources for CBRA that are set in advance using RRC signaling.

[0327] In addition, in options 1-2-1-1 / 1-2-1-2, the RACH resources that are set in advance using higher layer signaling may be resources set for changing / updating the second cell, or may be resources set for the first cell / low frequency band cell.

[0328] Furthermore, the random access procedure in the present disclosure may be a four-step random access or a two-step random access.

[0329] [[Option 1-2-1-3]] Based on the selected second cell / PCI, the UE may correct / change / update the RRC configuration of the second cell / PCI or the RRC configuration of a specific (e.g., default) second cell / PCI.

[0330] In this option, the UE may be notified of configurations (beam-related configurations) for multiple second cells using higher layer signaling (RRC signaling). The multiple second cells may be multiple second cells within the first cell where the UE is located, or multiple second cells within one or more first cells including the second cell where the UE is located.

[0331] The UE may also maintain a configuration regarding PCIs shared by multiple second cells.

[0332] After correcting / changing / updating the RRC settings, the UE may perform the operations according to the above options 1-2-1-1 / 1-1-1-2.

[0333] [Option 1-2-2] The UE may reset the RRC configuration that has already been configured, and then perform a reselection operation (e.g., measurement of synchronization signaling / SSB) for the first cell / second cell.

[0334] The UE may perform measurements on multiple (e.g., all) first and second cells, and may attempt to establish an RRC connection with the first and second cells with the best quality (e.g., L1-RSRP / SINR) among the measurement results.

[0335] [Option 1-2-3] The UE may perform cell switching.

[0336] The UE may be connected to a different second cell / frequency / PCI between the PCell and a particular cell (e.g., SCell / SpCell).

[0337] The cell switch may mean, for example, switching a specific cell (e.g., SCell / SpCell) to which the UE is already connected to, to the PCell.

[0338] The destination of the cell changeover may be specified in advance in a specification, or may be configured / instructed / notified to the UE using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, or may be determined by a combination of these.

[0339] [Option 1-2-4] The UE may not assume / expect that the serving beam will no longer be used or that the serving beam will be changed to a beam for another second cell.

[0340] The following describes the second cell change operation in the UE.

[0341] The UE may apply the configuration for the changed second cell / PCI / TRP / synchronization signal (e.g., SSB) after a certain period (e.g., X slots / symbols / ms) has elapsed after completing the RACH operation, and then the UE may transmit and receive channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS / PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS) in the changed second cell.

[0342] The UE may apply the configuration for the changed second cell / PCI / TRP / synchronization signal (e.g., SSB) after a certain period (e.g., X slots / symbols / ms) from a certain symbol (e.g., the symbol at which the change of the second cell is detected) (e.g., when performing operations other than RACH). The UE may then transmit and receive channels / signals (e.g., PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS / PDCCH / PDSCH / CSI-RS) in the changed second cell.

[0343] The settings regarding the second cell / PCI / TRP / synchronization signal after the change may be, for example, settings regarding the beam (TCI status / QCL information) / search space / CORESET / BWP.

[0344] The specific period (e.g., X) may be specified in advance in a specification, may be configured / instructed / notified to the UE using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, may be determined based on UE capability information, or may be determined by a combination of at least two of these.

[0345] According to the above-described embodiment 1-2, even if a notification is not received from the NW, it is possible to appropriately determine whether to change the second cell.

[0346] According to the first embodiment described above, the operation relating to the change / update of the second cell can be performed appropriately.

[0347] Second Embodiment The second embodiment relates to a method for distinguishing between a second cell change and an existing BF / RLF.

[0348] The UE may determine whether a second cell change or an existing BF / RLF has occurred based on a specific method.

[0349] This embodiment may be applied together with, for example, the above-described embodiment 1-2.

[0350] <<Option 2-1>> The UE may be configured with separate detection resources (e.g., reference signals / reference signal resources) for changing / updating the second cell and detection resources (e.g., reference signals / reference signal resources) for BFD / RLM.

[0351] This configuration may be performed, for example, using RRC signaling.

[0352] The detection resources (e.g., reference signals / reference signal resources) for changing / updating the second cell and the detection resources (e.g., reference signals / reference signal resources) for BFD / RLM may be different resources or may share some common resources.

[0353] 16A is a diagram illustrating an example of resource configuration according to Option 2-1 of the second embodiment. In the example illustrated in FIG. 16A, reference signals for BFD / RLM (SSBs #1 / #4 / #6) and reference signals for detecting a change / update of the second cell (SSBs #2 / #3 / #8) are configured for the UE.

[0354] The UE determines whether a second cell change or an existing BF / RLF has occurred based on measurements of different reference signals shown in FIG. 16A.

[0355] <<Option 2-2>> The UE may be configured with a common detection resource (e.g., reference signal / reference signal resource) for changing / updating the second cell and a common detection resource (e.g., reference signal / reference signal resource) for BFD / RLM.

[0356] This configuration may be performed, for example, using RRC signaling.

[0357] For example, a plurality of reference signals may be configured for a UE, and a use (for example, for BFR / RLF or for area change recovery (ACR)) may be configured for each of the plurality of reference signals.

[0358] The UE may use the same procedures as BFR / RLF for the second cell change procedure / recovery (option 2-2-1).

[0359] The UE may determine whether a second cell change or an existing BF / RLF has occurred based on the reference signal / PCI with the best quality (e.g., L1-RSRP / SINR) measured during the second cell change procedure / recovery (option 2-2-2).

[0360] In option 2-2-2, a reference signal / PCI that may be relevant to the second cell change may be configured in advance for the UE.

[0361] For example, if the reference signal detected by the UE is a reference signal for BFR / RLF, the UE may determine that an existing BFR / RLF has occurred, and if not, may determine that a second cell change has occurred.

[0362] 16B is a diagram illustrating an example of resource configuration according to Option 2-2-2 of the second embodiment. In the example illustrated in FIG. 16B, reference signals (SSB #1 / #4 / #6) are configured for the UE. Furthermore, SSB #1 and #4 are configured for BFR, and SSB #6 is configured for ACR for the UE.

[0363] The UE determines whether a second cell change or an existing BFR / RLF has occurred based on the measurement of the reference signal. In the example shown in Figure 16B, the UE measures SSB #1 / #4 / #6 and determines SSB #1 with the best quality. Since SSB #1 is a reference signal for BFR, the UE determines that an existing BFR / RLF has occurred.

[0364] According to the second embodiment described above, it is possible to appropriately determine whether a change of the second cell or an existing BF / RLF has occurred.

[0365] <Supplementary Information> [Notification of Information to UE] In the above-described embodiments, any information may be notified to the UE (from a network (NW) (e.g., a base station (BS))) (in other words, reception of any information from the BS by the UE) using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0366] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not defined in existing standards.

[0367] When the notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0368] Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0369] [Notification of Information from UE] In the above-described embodiments, notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) (in other words, transmission / report of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal / channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0370] When the notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID, which is not defined in existing standards, in the MAC subheader.

[0371] If the notification is made by UCI, the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0372] Furthermore, any information in the above-described embodiments may be notified from the UE periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.

[0373] [Application of Each Embodiment] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when a specific condition is met. The specific condition may be defined in a standard or may be notified to a UE / BS using higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0374] At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a particular UE capability.

[0375] The particular UE capability may indicate support for particular processes / operations / controls / information for at least one of the above embodiments.

[0376] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or may be a capability for each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, a band, a band combination, a BWP, a component carrier, etc.), or may be a capability for each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or may be a capability for each Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).

[0377] Furthermore, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied to all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be a capability for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) or Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0378] Furthermore, at least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied when the UE configures / activates / triggers specific information related to the above-described embodiments (or performs the operations of the above-described embodiments) through higher layer signaling / physical layer signaling. For example, the specific information may be information indicating that cell-free operation is enabled, any RRC parameter for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 20 or later), etc.

[0379] If the UE does not support at least one of the specific UE capabilities or is not configured with the specific information, the UE may apply the behavior of, for example, Rel. 15-19.

[0380] (Supplementary Notes) The following inventions are added to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Supplementary Note 1-1] A terminal having a receiving unit that receives configuration information related to a cell whose physical range is to be changed, and a control unit that controls transmission and reception of signals using the cell based on the configuration information. [Supplementary Note 1-2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1-1, wherein the number of physical cell identifiers for each cell, the number of transmission and reception points for each cell, and the number of synchronization signals for each cell are one or more. [Supplementary Note 1-3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 1-1 or Supplementary Note 1-2, wherein the cell is included in cells whose physical range is not to be changed, and the cells whose physical range is not to be changed can overlap with each other. [Supplementary Note 1-4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Notes 1-1 to 1-3, wherein the multiple cells share at least one of the same synchronization signal identifier, the same transmission and reception point identifier, and the same physical cell identifier. [Supplementary Note 2-1] A terminal having a receiving unit that receives information related to the update of a cell whose physical range is to be changed, and a control unit that controls an operation of updating the cell based on the information. [Supplementary Note 2-2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 2-1, wherein the control unit performs a random access procedure for a target cell as the operation. [Supplementary Note 2-3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 2-1 or Supplementary Note 2-2, wherein the control unit performs measurements on the target cell as the operation. [Supplementary Note 2-4] The terminal according to any of Supplementary Notes 2-1 to 2-3, wherein the control unit updates or resets a Radio Resource Control (RRC) setting for a pre-update cell as the operation. [Supplementary Note 3-1] A terminal having a receiving unit that measures a reference signal related to updating a cell whose physical range is changed, and a control unit that controls an operation for updating the cell based on the measurement. [Supplementary Note 3-2] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 3-1, wherein the control unit performs a random access procedure for a target cell as the operation. [Supplementary Note 3-3] The terminal according to Supplementary Note 3-1 or Supplementary Note 3-2, wherein the control unit updates or resets a Radio Resource Control (RRC) setting for a pre-update cell as the operation.[Supplementary Note 3-4] The terminal according to any one of Supplementary Note 3-1 to Supplementary Note 3-3, wherein the control unit determines whether an update of the cell occurs or a beam failure occurs based on the reference signal.

[0381] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0382] 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may be simply referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0383] The wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0384] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0385] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0386] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macrocell C1 and form small cells C2 that are smaller than the macrocell C1. A user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The locations and numbers of the cells and user terminals 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0387] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CCs) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0388] Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.

[0389] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

[0390] The multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), an X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between the base stations 11 and 12, the base station 11 corresponding to the upper station may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 corresponding to the relay station (relay) may be called an IAB node.

[0391] The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 directly or via another base station 10. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0392] The core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). A single network node may provide multiple functions. Communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may also be performed via the DN.

[0393] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0394] An Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based radio access scheme may be used in the wireless communication system 1. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or the like may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0395] The radio access scheme may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (e.g., other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the UL and DL radio access schemes.

[0396] In the wireless communication system 1, a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.

[0397] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), or the like may be used as an uplink channel.

[0398] The PDSCH transmits user data, higher layer control information, a System Information Block (SIB), etc. The PUSCH may transmit user data, higher layer control information, etc. Furthermore, the PBCH may transmit a Master Information Block (MIB).

[0399] Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0400] Note that the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be referred to as a DL assignment, a DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be referred to as a UL grant, a UL DCI, etc. Note that the PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and the PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

[0401] A control resource set (CORESET) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. The CORESET corresponds to resources for searching for DCI. The search space corresponds to a search region and a search method for PDCCH candidates. One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

[0402] One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," "CORESET configuration," and the like in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

[0403] The PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). The PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.

[0404] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link." Also, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" to the beginning.

[0405] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, as the DL-RS, a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

[0406] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for the PBCH) may be referred to as an SS / PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), or the like. Note that the SS, SSB, and the like may also be referred to as a reference signal.

[0407] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like may be transmitted as an uplink reference signal (UL-RS). Note that the DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

[0408] (Base Station) Fig. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that the base station may include one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140.

[0409] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0410] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are explained based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0411] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform call processing (setting up, releasing, etc.) of communication channels, status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.

[0412] The transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transceiver unit 120 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0413] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be configured from a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be configured from a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may be configured from a reception processing unit 1212, the RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0414] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0415] The transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0416] The transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0417] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0418] The transmitter / receiver unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0419] The transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.

[0420] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.

[0421] The transceiver 120 (reception processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, thereby acquiring user data, etc.

[0422] The transceiver 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0423] The transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes that provide NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0424] The transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving section 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

[0425] The transceiver 120 may transmit configuration information regarding a cell whose physical range is to be changed. The controller 110 may use the configuration information to control signal transmission and reception using the cell (zeroth embodiment).

[0426] The transceiver 120 may transmit information regarding the update of a cell whose physical range is changed, and the controller 110 may use the information to instruct the operation of the cell update (first embodiment).

[0427] The transceiver 120 may transmit a reference signal for updating a cell whose physical range is to be changed, and the controller 110 may instruct an operation for updating the cell selected based on the measurements (first embodiment).

[0428] (User Terminal) Fig. 19 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the user terminal may include one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230.

[0429] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0430] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0431] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.

[0432] The transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transceiver unit 220 may be configured with a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

[0433] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0434] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates, such as an array antenna.

[0435] The transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0436] The transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and the receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

[0437] The transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0438] The transmitter / receiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.

[0439] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the setting of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), the transceiver unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as the transmission processing to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and if not, it may not be necessary to perform DFT processing as the transmission processing.

[0440] The transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.

[0441] On the other hand, the transceiver unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.

[0442] The transceiver unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.

[0443] The transceiver 220 (measurement unit 223) may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0444] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on the channel measurement resources. The channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on the interference measurement resources. The interference measurement resources may be at least one of an NZP CSI-RS resource for interference measurement, a CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resource, etc. Note that CSI-IM may be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. Note that in the present disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be interchangeably read as interchangeable.

[0445] The transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0446] The transceiver 220 may receive configuration information about a cell (second cell) whose physical range is to be changed, and the controller 210 may control signal transmission and reception using the cell based on the configuration information (zeroth embodiment).

[0447] The number of physical cell identifiers for each cell (second cell), the number of transmission / reception points for each cell, and the number of synchronization signals for each cell may be one or more (0th embodiment).

[0448] The cell (second cell) may be included in a cell (first cell) whose physical range is not changed. The cells whose physical range is not changed may overlap each other (zeroth embodiment).

[0449] The plurality of cells (second cells) may share at least one of the same synchronization signal identifier, the same transmission / reception point identifier, and the same physical cell identifier (0th embodiment).

[0450] The transceiver 220 may receive information about updating a cell (second cell) whose physical range is to be changed, and the controller 210 may control the operation of updating the cell based on the information (first embodiment).

[0451] As the operation, the control unit 210 may perform a random access procedure to the update destination cell (first embodiment).

[0452] As the operation, the control unit 210 may perform measurements on the cell to be updated (first embodiment).

[0453] As the operation, the control unit 210 may update or reset the Radio Resource Control (RRC) settings for the cell before the update (first embodiment).

[0454] The transceiver 220 may measure a reference signal related to a cell update whose physical range is changed, and the controller 210 may control the cell update operation based on the measurement (first embodiment).

[0455] As the operation, the control unit 210 may perform a random access procedure to the update destination cell (first embodiment).

[0456] As the operation, the control unit 210 may update or reset the Radio Resource Control (RRC) settings for the cell before the update (first embodiment).

[0457] The control unit 210 may determine whether the cell update has occurred or whether a beam failure has occurred based on the reference signal (second embodiment).

[0458] (Hardware Configuration) Note that the block diagrams used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the single device or the multiple devices.

[0459] Here, the functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method of each is not particularly limited.

[0460] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The above-described base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0461] In the present disclosure, the terms apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. may be used interchangeably. The hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0462] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing may be performed by one processor, or processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, serially, or in other ways. Furthermore, processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.

[0463] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading specified software (programs) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communication via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0464] The processor 1001, for example, runs an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transceiver unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0465] The processor 1001 also reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes in accordance with these. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and the other functional blocks may be implemented in a similar manner.

[0466] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured by at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EEPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory, etc. The memory 1002 may store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0467] Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disc (e.g., a Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0468] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmission / reception unit 120 (220), transmission / reception antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmission unit 120a (220a) and a reception unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.

[0469] The input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that outputs to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (e.g., a touch panel).

[0470] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0471] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using this hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0472] (Modifications) Note that terms described in the present disclosure and terms necessary for understanding the present disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, a channel, a symbol, and a signal (signal or signaling) may be interchangeable. A signal may also be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may also be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. A component carrier (CC) may also be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0473] A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0474] Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, and may indicate at least one of, for example, Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0475] A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.

[0476] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0477] A radio frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals. The radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, the subframe, the slot, the minislot, and the symbol. Note that the time units such as a frame, a subframe, a slot, a minislot, and a symbol in the present disclosure may be interchangeable.

[0478] For example, one subframe may be referred to as a TTI, or multiple consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0479] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0480] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0481] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0482] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0483] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and greater than or equal to 1 ms.

[0484] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

[0485] In addition, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI, each of which may be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0486] In addition, one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0487] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0488] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a Common Reference Point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0489] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.

[0490] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," etc. in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0491] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0492] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0493] The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0494] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0495] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and / or from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0496] Input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.

[0497] The notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB) and System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0498] Note that the physical layer signaling may be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC Connection Setup message or an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. Furthermore, the MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

[0499] Furthermore, notification of specified information (e.g., notification that "it is X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0500] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value represented by true or false, or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0501] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0502] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0503] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" may be used interchangeably. A "network" may refer to devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0504] In this disclosure, terms such as "precoding," "precoder," "weight (precoding weight)," "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)," "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)," "spatial relation," "spatial domain filter," "transmit power," "phase rotation," "antenna port," "layer," "number of layers," "rank," "resource," "resource set," "beam," "beam width," "beam angle," "antenna," "antenna element," "panel," "UE panel," "transmitting entity," "receiving entity," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0505] In the present disclosure, the term "antenna port" may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal / channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port). In the present disclosure, the term "resource" may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal / channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). The resource may include time / frequency / code / space / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0506] The group may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, and the like.

[0507] In addition, in the present disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable terms.

[0508] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0509] Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) property," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interchangeable.

[0510] In the present disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interchangeable. In the present disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interchangeable.

[0511] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interchangeable. The "spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interchangeable with "set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)", "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information", etc. The TCI state and the TCI may be interchangeable. The spatial relationship information and the spatial relationship may be interchangeable.

[0512] In the present disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNB (eNodeB)," "gNB (gNodeB)," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," etc. may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.

[0513] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms "cell" or "sector" refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within that coverage.

[0514] In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0515] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0516] A mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0517] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0518] The mobile body is a movable object that can move at any speed and naturally includes cases where the mobile body is stationary. Examples of the mobile body include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile body may also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on an operation command.

[0519] The mobile object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0520] 21 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0521] The drive unit 41 is configured with at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by a user.

[0522] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0523] The signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58.

[0524] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a display, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60 or the like to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0525] The information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers, LED lamps, touch panels, etc.) that output to the outside.

[0526] The driving assistance system unit 64 includes various devices for providing functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driving assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0527] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to and from the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58, which are provided in the vehicle 40.

[0528] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Furthermore, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (or may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0529] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0530] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0531] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices in a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided in the vehicle 40.

[0532] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D) or Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X)). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a sidelink channel.

[0533] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0534] In the present disclosure, an operation described as being performed by a base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. It is apparent that in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0535] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed unless inconsistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0536] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be a technology other than Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.17 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.19 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.21 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.22 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.23 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.24 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.25 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.26 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.27 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.28 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.29 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.30 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.31 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.32 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.33 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802. The present invention may be applied to systems that use IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other suitable wireless communication methods, or to next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these. Furthermore, the present invention may be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0537] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0538] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0539] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), ascertaining, etc.

[0540] Additionally, "determining" may be considered to be "determining" receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc.

[0541] Furthermore, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, "determination" may be considered to be "determining" some kind of action. In the present disclosure, "determination" may be read interchangeably with the above-mentioned actions.

[0542] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" may be interchangeably read as "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," "consider / considering," etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "does not expect to do..." may be interchangeably read as "assumes not to do...."

[0543] In the present disclosure, "expect" may be interchangeably read as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." ("..." may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to-infinitive, etc.) may be interchangeably read as "be expected ...." "does not expect ..." may be interchangeably read as "be not expected ...." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be interchangeably read as "an apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (e.g., if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0544] The "maximum transmit power" in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0545] As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access."

[0546] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to one another using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, light (both visible and invisible) range, etc., as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0547] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0548] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when the term "or" is used in this disclosure, it is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0549] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0550] In the present disclosure, terms such as "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than," "more than," "equal to," etc. may be interchangeable. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, terms meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," "narrow," etc. may be interchangeable, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative, as expressions with "i-th" (i is an arbitrary integer) attached (for example, "highest" may be interchangeable with "i-th highest").

[0551] In this disclosure, the terms "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," "associated with," etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0552] In the present disclosure, terms such as "when A, B," "if A, (then) B," "B upon A," "B in response to A," "B based on A," "B during / while A," "B before A," "B at (the same time as) / on A," "B after A," "B since A," and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Note that A, B, and the like herein may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, and regular sentences, depending on the context. Note that the time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). A time offset may also be applied to the time at which A occurs. For example, "A" may be interchangeable with "before / after a time offset at which A occurs." The time offset (eg, one or more symbols / slots) may be predefined or may be specified by the UE based on signaled information.

[0553] In the present disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc. may be read interchangeably.

[0554] Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives setting information regarding a cell whose physical range is changed; and a control unit that controls transmission and reception of signals using the cell based on the setting information.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the number of physical cell identifiers per cell, the number of transmission / reception points per cell, and the number of synchronization signals per cell are one or more.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the cell is included in cells whose physical range is not changed, and the cells whose physical range is not changed can overlap with each other.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the cells share at least one of the same synchronization signal identifier, the same transmission / reception point identifier, and the same physical cell identifier.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: receiving setting information regarding a cell whose physical range is changed; and controlling transmission and reception of signals using the cell based on the setting information.

6. A base station comprising: a transmission unit that transmits setting information regarding a cell whose physical range is changed; and a control unit that controls transmission and reception of signals using the cell using the setting information.

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