Switching assembly and system, material feeding and retracting device and system, and material retraction transmission device and system

Abstract

A switching assembly and system, a material feeding and retracting device and system, and material retraction transmission device and system. The switching assembly is configured to have different gear positions; the switching assembly comprises a transmission group, a reversing seat and a rotating group; the transmission group and the rotating group are arranged on the reversing seat; the switching assembly is used for switching between the gear positions; and the rotating group is used for extruding consumables. Thus, using a single switching assembly can enable the material feeding and retracting device to be in either a material feeding state or a material retracting state, thereby simplifying the structure, and helping to reduce the manufacturing cost of the material feeding device.

Description

Switching components and systems, feeding and withdrawing devices and systems, withdrawing transmission devices and systems Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of printing equipment, in particular to a switching component and system, a material feeding and returning device and system, and a material returning transmission device and system. Background Art

[0002] In a filament spraying 3D printer, the filament is continuously transferred to the print head, which melts the filament and moves relative to the printing platform through a power mechanism. The filament is sprayed according to the contour of the printed model, and layer by layer is stacked to achieve three-dimensional forming.

[0003] The printing materials of commonly used filament spraying 3D printers are usually wound on a material tray. Before printing, the material on the tray needs to be loaded and guided to the print head. After printing is completed, the material needs to be returned to the material tray. To this end, a feeding and returning device is usually provided to facilitate the feeding and returning of the filament. However, current feeding and returning devices usually have separate feeding and returning mechanisms for loading and returning the filament, respectively, resulting in a relatively complex structure.

[0004] Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a switching component and system, a feeding and withdrawing device and system, and a withdrawing transmission device and system. The feeding and withdrawing device can be placed in a feeding state and a withdrawing state respectively by using a switching component structure, which simplifies the structure and helps save the manufacturing cost of the feeding device.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a switching assembly is provided, which is configured with different shift positions. The switching assembly includes a transmission group, a reversing seat and a rotating group. The transmission group and the rotating group are arranged on the reversing seat. The switching assembly is used to switch the shift position, and the rotating group is used to extrude consumables.

[0007] A second aspect of the present invention provides a material feeding and withdrawing device, which includes: a first shaft, a second shaft, and a switching component according to any one of the first aspects.

[0008] The third aspect of the present invention provides a material return transmission device, which is used in a 3D printer. The material return transmission device is used to control the return of consumables. The material return transmission device includes: a first shaft; a second shaft; and a switching component. The switching component is configured with different shift positions. The switching component includes a transmission group and a reversing seat. The transmission group is arranged on the reversing seat. The switching component is arranged between the first shaft and the second shaft, and is used to transmit power from the first shaft to the second shaft.

[0009] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a 3D printing switching system, the 3D printing system comprising: a 3D printer for receiving consumables for additive manufacturing; and the switching component of any one of the first aspects.

[0010] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system, which includes: a 3D printer for additive manufacturing; and the material feeding and withdrawing device of any one of the second aspects.

[0011] A sixth aspect of the present invention provides a 3D printing material return system, which includes: a 3D printer for additive manufacturing; and the material return transmission device of any one of the third aspects.

[0012] The switching component and system, the feeding and returning device and system, and the returning transmission device and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention can switch the shift position through the switching component, and the rotating group is used to extrude consumables. Therefore, the feeding state and the returning state of the feeding and returning device can be switched by utilizing one structure of the switching component, that is, the feeding and returning device can be respectively placed in the feeding state and the returning state by utilizing one structure of the switching component. Compared with the related art which requires utilizing the feeding device and the returning device to respectively place the feeding device in the feeding state and the returning state, and respectively realize the feeding and returning of the feeding and returning device, the structure is simplified, which is beneficial to saving the manufacturing cost of the feeding device. At the same time, it is beneficial to reducing the volume of the feeding device, facilitating the transportation of the storage box of the feeding device, and expanding the scope of use of the feeding device.

[0013] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components.

[0015] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a partial structure of a 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0016] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of another part of a 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a first perspective;

[0017] FIG3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a switching assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of the switching assembly shown in FIG3 from a first viewing angle;

[0019] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a switching mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] FIG6 is an exploded schematic diagram of another switching assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the switching assembly shown in FIG6 from a first viewing angle;

[0022] FIG8 is an exploded schematic diagram of another switching assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the switching assembly shown in FIG8 from a first viewing angle;

[0024] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the feeding position;

[0025] FIG11 is a partial enlarged view of the 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system in area A shown in FIG10 ;

[0026] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the material withdrawing position;

[0027] FIG13 is a partial enlarged view of the 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system in area B shown in FIG12;

[0028] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of another 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the feeding position;

[0029] FIG15 is a partial enlarged view of the 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system in area C shown in FIG14;

[0030] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of another 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention in the material withdrawing position;

[0031] FIG17 is a partial enlarged view of the 3D printing feed and withdraw system in area D shown in FIG16 .

[0032] The corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and component names in Figures 1 to 17 is as follows:

[0033] 10 material tray, 20 main housing, feed and retract device, 100 material changing mechanism, 110 switching assembly, 111 transmission group, 1111 first gear, 1112 second gear, 1113 third gear, 1114 first tooth portion, 1115 second tooth portion, 1116 fourth gear, 1117 fifth gear, 1118 third tooth portion, 1119 fourth tooth portion, 112 reversing seat, 1121 first installation cavity, 1122 first avoidance port, 1123 second installation cavity, 1124 second avoidance port, 113 rotation group, 113a first A sub-rotating group, 113b a second sub-rotating group, 1131 a rotating seat, 1132 a rotating wheel, 1133 a first connecting hole, 1134 a second connecting hole, 1135 a connecting part, 1136 a connecting shaft, 114 an elastic member, 115 a first protective cover, 116 a second protective cover, 120 a switching shaft, 140 an auxiliary bearing, 160 a second synchronous wheel, 200 a second driving part, 310 a first shaft, 320 a first sub-gear, 340 a first synchronous wheel, 400 a first driving part, 510 a second shaft, 610 a third shaft, 700 a bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features therein can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0035] The following describes the switching component 110, the material feeding and withdrawing device, the material withdrawing transmission device, the 3D printing switching system, the 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system, and the 3D printing material withdrawing system provided according to some embodiments of the present invention with reference to Figures 1 to 17. The switching component 110 can be applied to the 3D printing switching system to switch between the loading and withdrawing states of the stereoscopic molding device. The material feeding and withdrawing device can be applied to the 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system to load or withdraw the printing consumables of the stereoscopic molding device. The material withdrawing transmission device can be applied to the 3D printing material withdrawing system to withdraw the printing consumables of the stereoscopic molding device. The stereoscopic molding device can be a consumable spraying 3D printer.

[0036] As shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10 to 17, the first aspect of the present invention provides a switching component 110, which is configured with different shift positions. The switching component 110 includes a transmission group 111 and a rotation group 113. The transmission group 111 is used to switch the shift position of the shift component 110, and the rotation group 113 is used to extrude consumables.

[0037] Among them, the different gear positions of the switching component 110 can at least correspond to the feeding state and the withdrawing state of the feeding and withdrawing device, that is, when the feeding and withdrawing device is in the feeding state, the switching component 110 can be in one gear shift position, and when the feeding and withdrawing device is in the withdrawing state, the switching component 110 can be in another different gear shift position. The switching component 110 and the transmission group 111 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can switch the shift position of the shift component, that is, the transmission group 111 can be used to make the same switching component 110 be in different shift positions, and thus the different shift gears of the same switching component 110 correspond to the feeding state and the returning state of the feeding and returning device. At the same time, the feeding and returning of the feeding and returning device can be realized by cooperating with the rotating group 112 to extrude the consumables. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient. Compared with the related technology that requires the use of the feeding device and the returning device to respectively put the feeding and returning device in the feeding state and the returning state, and respectively realize the feeding and returning of the feeding and returning device, the structure is simplified, which is beneficial to saving the manufacturing cost of the feeding device. At the same time, it is beneficial to reduce the volume of the feeding device, facilitate the storage and transportation of the feeding device, and expand the scope of use of the feeding device.

[0038] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the switching assembly 110 further includes a reversing seat 112, and the transmission group 111 and the rotating group 113 are mounted on the reversing seat 112 along the axial direction of the reversing seat 112. In some embodiments, the transmission group 111 and the rotating group 113 are mounted on the reversing seat 112 along the axial direction of the reversing seat 112, and the rotating group 113 includes a rotating wheel 1132 rotatable relative to the reversing seat 112. In other embodiments, at least a portion of the transmission group 111 may protrude from the circumferential sidewall of the reversing seat 112, and at least a portion of the rotating wheel 1132 may also protrude from the circumferential sidewall of the reversing seat 112. In some embodiments, the protruding height of the rotating wheel 1132 may be less than or equal to the protruding height of the transmission group 111. Through the above embodiments, the transmission group 111 and the rotating group 113 can be more effectively connected to other components, while avoiding obstruction caused by the rotation of the reversing seat 112. Specifically, the transmission group 111 can rotate independently on the reversing seat 112, and the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 can also rotate independently on the reversing seat 112. That is, when the reversing seat 112 is stationary, the rotating wheels in the transmission group 111 and the rotating group 113 can rotate about their respective axes. The protruding height of the rotating wheel 1132 is less than the protruding height of the transmission group 111, which can ensure that the rotating wheel 1132 does not interfere with other components and hinder the transmission group 111 from switching the shift position. In addition, the transmission group 111 can reliably and flexibly switch the shift position to meet the different feeding and withdrawing requirements of the feeding and withdrawing device.

[0039] Specifically, the feed and withdraw device includes a first shaft 310 and a second shaft 510. The switching assembly 110 is rotatably disposed between the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510. The rotational position of the switching assembly 110 includes different shift positions. The reversing seat 112 is provided with a first mounting hole along the axial direction. The first mounting hole is configured such that its central axis is parallel to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510. That is, the rotation axis of the reversing seat 112 is parallel to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510. Specifically, the feed and withdraw device also includes a switching shaft 120. The switching shaft 120 is disposed parallel to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510. The reversing seat 112 is mounted on the switching shaft 120 via the first mounting hole.

[0040] The shift positions include a first shift position and a second shift position. The transmission group 111 is configured to be in a non-transmission state when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, and in a transmission state when the switching assembly 110 is in the second shift position. The rotating wheel 1132 is configured to squeeze the consumable material at least when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position. Specifically, the transmission group 111 in the non-transmission state can be understood as the transmission group 111 not transmitting power, and the transmission group 111 in the transmission state can be understood as the transmission group 111 transmitting power.

[0041] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the first shaft 310 of the feeding and unloading device is configured to rotate. In some embodiments, the first shaft 310 can be a transmission shaft connected to a motor to serve as a power source for feeding or unloading. For example, the feeding and unloading device can also include a first driving unit 400, which is used to connect to the first shaft 310 to drive the first shaft 310 to rotate. Specifically, the first driving unit 400 can drive the first shaft 310 to rotate in both directions, such as the first driving unit 400 can drive the first shaft 310 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. Specifically, the first driving unit 400 can be a power output device such as a motor or a cylinder. The first driving unit 400 is connected to the first shaft 310 through a transmission unit. The transmission unit can be a synchronous belt transmission mechanism or other mechanism that meets the requirements, such as gears. When the transmission part is a synchronous belt transmission, the first shaft 310 can include a first synchronous wheel 340 for connecting to the synchronous belt so that the first shaft 310 can rotate synchronously with the synchronous belt.

[0042] As shown in FIG1 , the material feeding and withdrawing device further includes a consumables carrying device, which includes a material tray 10 for accommodating consumables, and a second shaft 510 for supporting the material tray 10. It is understood that the material feeding and withdrawing device may further include a third shaft 610, and the second shaft 510 and the third shaft 610 jointly support the material tray 10, so that the material tray 10 can be rotatably carried on the second shaft 510 and the third shaft 610. Specifically, the rotation axes of the second shaft 510, the third shaft 610, and the material tray 10 are parallel to each other, and the two wheel rims of the material tray 10 are in contact with the circumferential surfaces of the second shaft 510 and the third shaft 610, so that the material tray 10 can rotate, driving the consumables on the material tray 10 to fall off the material tray 10 and be entangled on the material tray 10.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 1 , the switching assembly 110 provided in this embodiment has a consumables channel formed or provided on a side of the switching assembly 110 close to the first shaft 310 , that is, the consumables are located between the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310 . As shown in Figures 10, 11, 14 and 15, when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the transmission group 111 is configured to be in a non-transmission state, and the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is configured to extrude the consumables, that is, the transmission group 111 is not connected to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, and the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are power-separated. Since the consumables are located between the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310, the rotating wheel 1132 and the first shaft 310 work together to squeeze the consumables between the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310. Therefore, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the feeding direction, the consumables will rotate synchronously with the first shaft 310 under the action of the extrusion force of the rotating wheel 1132 of the switching assembly 110, and by pulling the consumables, the material tray 10 actively rotates under the action of the consumables to release the consumables to achieve feeding, that is, the switching assembly 110 is in a feeding state. This feeding method has a simple structure and is easy to implement. In some embodiments, under the premise that the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are powered separately, the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 can be separated from the first shaft 310, and the transmission group 111 and the second shaft 510 still maintain contact. In the above process, the consumables are fed under the joint extrusion of the first shaft 310 and the rotating wheel 1132. Although the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 and the second shaft 510 still maintain contact, the second shaft 510 will not receive the power of the first shaft 310 through the transmission group 111. The switching component 110 and the second shaft 510 maintain contact only to prepare for subsequent material withdrawal.

[0044] Specifically, as shown in Figures 10, 11, 14 and 15, when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the transmission group 111 is configured to be separated from the first shaft 310 and connected to the second shaft 510, that is, the transmission group 111 is not connected to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 at the same time. At this time, the rotation of the first shaft 310 does not drive the rotation of the second shaft 510, and thus does not drive the rotation of the tray 10. The rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is configured to squeeze the consumables together with the first shaft 310, so that the rotating group 113 moves together with the first shaft 310 and the consumables. Therefore, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the feeding direction, the consumables will rotate synchronously with the first shaft 310 under the action of the squeezing force of the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310 and apply a certain pulling force to the tray, thereby causing the tray 10 to rotate under the action of the consumables and release the consumables to achieve feeding.

[0045] As shown in Figures 12, 13, 16 and 17, when the switching component 110 is in the second shift position, the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 is configured to be in a transmission state, that is, the transmission group 111 is powered to connect the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, that is, the rotation of the first shaft 310 through the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate. Therefore, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the material withdrawal direction, the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate, and the rotation of the second shaft 510 will drive the material tray 10 to rotate. The rotation of the material tray 10 has a pulling force on the consumables located between the switching component 110 and the first shaft 310, thereby enabling the consumables to be withdrawn and stored on the material tray 10 to realize material withdrawal and collection, that is, the switching component 110 is in a material withdrawal state. In some embodiments, in addition to the transmission group 111 connecting the power of the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 of the switching component 110 is also used to extrude the consumables together with the first shaft 310 to increase the pulling force of the consumables to return, thereby improving the efficiency of consumables return.

[0046] It is understood that the positional relationship between the transmission group 111 and the rotation group 113 can be reasonably set so that during the material withdrawal process of the switching component 110, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotation group 113 is squeezed with the first shaft 310 to squeeze the consumables between the switching component 110 and the first shaft 310, thereby reducing the slippage and step loss of the consumables during the material withdrawal process, and further improving the smoothness of the consumable withdrawal. It is understood that the positional relationship between the transmission group 111 and the rotation group 113 can also be reasonably set so that during the material withdrawal process of the switching component 110, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotation group 113 is not squeezed with the first shaft 310, and the consumables can also be withdrawn by only connecting the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 with the power of the transmission group 111.

[0047] The first shaft 310 rotates in the feeding direction, which can be understood as the first shaft 310 rotating from the entrance to the exit of the consumables channel. As shown in Figures 10, 11, 14, and 15, the first shaft 310 rotates in the clockwise direction P to be the feeding direction. The withdrawing direction of the first shaft 310 is opposite to the feeding direction of the first shaft 310. The withdrawing direction of the first shaft 310 can be understood as the direction of the first shaft 310 rotating from the exit to the entrance of the consumables channel. As shown in Figures 12, 13, 16, and 17, the first shaft 310 rotates in the counterclockwise direction Q.

[0048] That is to say, in this embodiment, the switching component 110 can simultaneously participate in the feeding and withdrawing of the feeding and withdrawing device, and the first shift position of the feeding state and the second shift position of the withdrawing state are different positions of the switching component 110 during the rotation process. Therefore, the feeding state and the withdrawing state of the feeding and withdrawing device can be switched by utilizing a single structure of the switching component 110, that is, the feeding and withdrawing device can be respectively placed in the feeding state and the withdrawing state by utilizing a single structure of the switching component 110. Compared with the related art which requires utilizing a feeding device and a withdrawing device to respectively place the feeding and withdrawing device in the feeding state and the withdrawing state, and respectively realize the feeding and withdrawing of the feeding and withdrawing device, the structure is simplified, which is beneficial to saving the manufacturing cost of the feeding device. At the same time, it is beneficial to reducing the volume of the feeding device, facilitating the storage and transportation of the feeding device, and expanding the scope of use of the feeding device.

[0049] As shown in Figures 3, 4, 6 and 7, in some embodiments provided by the present utility model, the transmission group 111 includes a second gear 1112 and a third gear 1113 that are transmission-connected, and the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 and partially protrude from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat 112; wherein, when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the second gear 1112 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, and the third gear 1113 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111; when the switching assembly 110 is in the second shift position, the third gear 1113 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, and the second gear 1112 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111.

[0050] The power input end of the transmission group 111 can be selectively connected to the first shaft 310, and the power output end of the transmission group 111 is always connected to the second shaft 510. The transmission group 111 may also include other gears connecting the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113. The power input end may refer to a component that receives power from an external power source, such as a component that receives power from the first shaft 310 for transmission. In other embodiments, the power input end may also receive power from other power sources, such as power transmitted from transmission gears, belts, rotating shafts, etc., without limitation.

[0051] Specifically, the transmission group 111 also includes a first gear 1111, a second gear 1112, and a third gear 1113 distributed on both sides of the first gear 1111. The first gear 1111 is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat 112 and is rotatable relative to the reversing seat 112. The second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are staggered along the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 and partially protrude from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat 112. The rotating group 113 is respectively arranged opposite the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 in the axial direction of the reversing seat 112. In some embodiments, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 can be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the reversing seat 112. In some embodiments, the central axis of the second gear 1112 and the central axis of the third gear 1113 are on the same plane as the rotation axis of the switching assembly 110, that is, the rotating shaft of the second gear 1112, the rotating shaft of the third gear 1113 and the rotation axis of the reversing seat 112 are coplanar, or the central axis of the rotating shaft of the second gear 1112, the central axis of the rotating shaft of the third gear 1113 and the rotation axis of the reversing seat 112 are coplanar.

[0052] In some embodiments, the rotating group 113 may include a first sub-rotating group and a second sub-rotating group. The rotating wheel 1132 of the first sub-rotating group may coincide with the axial projection of the second gear 1112 on the reversing seat 112, and the rotating wheel 1132 of the second sub-rotating group may also coincide with the axial projection of the third gear 1113 on the reversing seat 112.

[0053] As shown in FIG2 , the first shaft 310 may include a first sub-gear 320, and the second shaft 510 may include a second sub-gear 514. As shown in FIG3 to FIG7 , FIG10 and FIG11 , when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the second gear 1112 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, and the second gear 1112 is separated from the first shaft 310. The third gear 1113 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111, and the third gear 1113 is connected to the second shaft 510. In some embodiments, the above connection and disconnection states can be achieved by whether the gears are engaged or not. For example, the second gear 1112 is not engaged with the first sub-gear 320 on the first shaft 310, and the third gear 1113 is engaged with the second sub-gear 514 on the second shaft 510. As a result, the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are powered separately, that is, the rotation of the first shaft 310 does not drive the rotation of the second shaft 510. At this point, the rotating wheel 1132 of the first sub-rotating assembly 113a, which is opposite the second gear 1112, is configured to co-exert with the first shaft 310 to squeeze the consumable material between the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310. Specifically, in this position, the rotating wheel 1132 of the first sub-rotating assembly 113a is opposite the first sub-gear 320 on the first shaft 310, thereby squeezing the consumable material against the first sub-gear 320. Thus, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the feeding direction, the consumable material, under the compressive force of the rotating wheel 1132 of the first sub-rotating assembly 113a and the first sub-gear 320, rotates synchronously with the first shaft 310, thereby enabling feeding. Furthermore, since the consumable material is squeezed between the rotating wheel 1132 of the first sub-rotating assembly 113a and the first sub-gear 320, slippage and lost steps during the feeding process are reduced, further improving the smoothness of consumable material feeding and facilitating improved printing quality. In some other implementations, the above connection and separation states may also be achieved through some means such as a synchronous belt.

[0054] As shown in Figures 3 to 7, 12 and 13, when the switching assembly 110 is in the second gear shift position, the third gear 1113 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, the third gear 1113 is connected to the first shaft 310, the second gear 1112 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111, the second gear 1112 is connected to the second shaft 510, and the rotating wheel 1132 of the second sub-rotation group 113b opposite to the third gear 1113 is configured to jointly squeeze the consumables located between the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310 with the first shaft 310. That is to say, when the switching component 110 is in the material unloading state, the third gear 1113 is engaged with the first sub-gear 320 on the first shaft 310, and the second gear 1112 is engaged with the second sub-gear 514 on the second shaft 510, so that the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are poweredly connected through the first sub-gear 320, the transmission group 111, and the second sub-gear 514. In this way, the first shaft 310 rotates in the material unloading direction, which will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate. The rotation of the second shaft 510 will drive the material tray 10 to rotate. The rotation of the material tray 10 will have a certain pulling force on the consumables connected to the print head, so that the consumables between the switching component 110 and the first shaft 310 are unloaded and stored and wound on the material tray 10, thereby realizing the material unloading operation. At the same time, during the process of withdrawing the consumables, the consumables are squeezed between the rotating group 113 and the first shaft 310 by the rotating wheel 1132 of the second sub-rotating group 113b corresponding to the third gear 1113, thereby reducing the slipping and step loss of the consumables during the process of withdrawing the consumables, so that the withdrawn consumables can be smoothly and reliably collected and wound on the material tray 10, which is conducive to ensuring good material withdrawal efficiency and material collection effect.

[0055] As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 7, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the reversing seat 112. Specifically, the switching shaft 120 and the first shaft 310 are arranged in parallel, and the plane parallel to the switching shaft 120 and the first shaft 310 is a reference plane. The vertical projections of the first sub-gear 320 and the second gear 1112 of the transmission group 111 within the reference plane do not intersect, and the vertical projections of the first sub-gear 320 and the third gear 1113 of the transmission group 111 within the reference plane partially overlap. Therefore, it can ensure that the second gear 1112 of the switching component 110 in the first shift position is separated from the first sub-gear 320 of the first shaft 310, and the third gear 1113 of the switching component 110 in the second shift position can be smoothly engaged with the first sub-gear 320 of the first shaft 310, so as to ensure that the same switching component 110 can realize the switching between the feeding state and the returning state in different shift positions, and the structure is simple.

[0056] In some embodiments, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 may also be distributed on both sides of the first gear 1111 at a preset angle, which may be 30°, 60°, 120°, 180°, or other angles. For example, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first gear 1111, that is, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are spaced 180° apart. In other words, the rotation angle between the switching component 110 in the first shift position and the switching component 110 in the second shift position is 180°. In this way, when the rotation angle of the switching component 110 is 0°, the switching component 110 is in the first shift position. When the switching component 110 rotates 180°, the switching component 110 is in the second shift position. This arrangement facilitates the switching component 110 to quickly and accurately switch between the first shift position and the second shift position.

[0057] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the feeding and withdrawing device also includes a second drive unit 200, which is used to connect with the switching shaft 120 to drive the switching shaft 120 to rotate, so as to change the rotational position of the switching component 110, so that the switching component 110 can smoothly switch between the first shift position and the second shift position, thereby switching the feeding and withdrawing states of the feeding device. Specifically, the second drive unit 200 can drive the switching shaft 120 to rotate in both directions, such as the second drive unit 200 can drive the switching shaft 120 to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise. Specifically, the second drive unit 200 can be a motor, and the second drive unit 200 is connected to the switching shaft 120 through a transmission unit. The transmission unit can be a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, or it can be other mechanisms that meet the requirements. When the transmission unit is a synchronous belt transmission, a second synchronous wheel 160 for connecting to the synchronous belt is provided on the switching shaft 120.

[0058] As shown in FIG3 and FIG4 , in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the first gear 1111 includes a first tooth portion 1114 and a second tooth portion 1115 , the second gear 1112 meshes with the second tooth portion 1115 , and the third gear 1113 meshes with the first tooth portion 1114 .

[0059] That is, in this embodiment, the first gear 1111 is a two-stage gear, which achieves a speed change. By properly setting the gear ratio of the second gear to the third gear, the material withdrawal speed is matched with the rotation speed of the first shaft 310 and the rotation speed of the second shaft 510, thereby reducing the risk of slipping and step loss during the material withdrawal process. The withdrawn material can be smoothly and reliably collected and wound onto the tray 10, avoiding the problem of the withdrawn material speed not matching the rotation speed of the tray 10, which causes the withdrawn material to accumulate under the tray 10 and not be promptly collected. This helps ensure good material withdrawal efficiency and collection effects.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gear ratio of the second gear 1112 to the third gear 1113 ranges from 0.2 to 5. Specifically, the gear ratio of the second gear 1112 to the third gear 1113 can range from 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or other values. It is understood that when the gear ratio of the second gear 1112 to the third gear 1113 is 1, the diameters of the first tooth portion 1114 and the second tooth portion 1115 can be the same.

[0061] In a specific example, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the diameter of the first tooth portion 1114 is greater than the diameter of the second tooth portion 1115. It can be understood that the first tooth portion 1114 and the second tooth portion 1115 are coaxially arranged. The diameter of the second gear 1112 is smaller than the diameter of the third gear 1113, and the second gear 1112 with a smaller diameter meshes with the first tooth portion 1114 with a larger diameter, while the third gear 1113 with a larger diameter meshes with the first tooth portion 1114 with a smaller diameter. This ensures that the maximum distance between the outer edge of the second gear 1112 and the axis of the reversing seat 112 and the maximum distance between the outer edge of the third gear 1113 and the axis of the reversing seat 112 are equal, thereby ensuring that the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 can accurately and selectively mesh with the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 during the rotation of the reversing seat 112. At the same time, setting the first gear 1111 as a two-stage gear can have a speed-changing effect. Setting the gear ratio of the second gear 1112 to the third gear 1113 within an appropriate range allows the third gear 1113 with a larger diameter to mesh with the first shaft 310, while the second gear 1112 with a smaller diameter to mesh with the second shaft 510 during material removal, thereby achieving a speed-increasing effect. This allows the second shaft 510 to rotate faster during the material removal process, thereby improving material removal efficiency. At the same time, this arrangement facilitates the assembly of the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113.

[0062] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in some other embodiments provided by the present invention, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 have the same number of teeth, that is, the diameters of the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are equal and mesh with the teeth of the first gear 1111. In other words, the first gear 1111 is a first-stage gear. This arrangement facilitates the processing of the first gear 1111 and saves manufacturing costs. At the same time, because the diameters of the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are the same, that is, the structures of the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 can be the same, only the installation positions are different. Therefore, the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 can be mass-produced, which helps reduce manufacturing costs.

[0063] In the above embodiment, as shown in Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7, the reversing seat 112 is provided with a first installation cavity 1121 on the side facing the transmission group 111; the switching assembly 110 also includes a first protective cover 115, which is connected to the reversing seat 112 to cover the first installation cavity 1121, and the transmission group 111 is accommodated in the first installation cavity 1121. The cavity wall of the first installation cavity 1121 is provided with a first avoidance opening 1122 for avoiding the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113, thereby allowing the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 extending outside the first avoidance opening 1122 to be smoothly and selectively connected to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 for power.

[0064] The first protective cover 115 defines a second mounting hole coaxially arranged with the first mounting hole, so that the switching shaft 120 can be smoothly passed through the switching assembly 110 to arrange the switching assembly 110 at a suitable position of the switching shaft 120 .

[0065] Among them, the first protective cover 115 is also used to limit the movement of the transmission group 111 along the axial direction of the reversing seat 112, so that the transmission group 111 can be reliably confined between the first protective cover 115 and the reversing seat 112, reducing the possibility of the transmission group 111 being offset axially in the reversing seat 112, thereby ensuring that the transmission group 111 can be accurately and selectively connected to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 in terms of power, so as to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the switching component 110 between the first shift position and the second shift position, so as to improve the accuracy of the switching of the feed and withdraw material states.

[0066] In some embodiments, a support shaft may be provided in the first installation cavity 1121 , and the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 may be rotatably mounted on the support shaft via bearings.

[0067] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in other embodiments provided by the present invention, the transmission group 111 includes a fourth gear 1116 and a fifth gear 1117. The fourth gear 1116 is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat 112 and is rotatable relative to the reversing seat 112. The fourth gear 1116 includes a third tooth portion 1118 and a fourth tooth portion 1119, that is, the fourth gear 1116 is a two-stage gear. Specifically, the diameter of the third tooth portion 1118 is greater than the diameter of the fourth tooth portion 1119, and the fourth tooth portion 1119 is engaged with the fifth gear 1117. Along the circumference of the reversing seat 112, the rotating group 113 and the fifth gear 1117 are staggered, that is, the vertices of the projections of the rotating wheel 1132 and the fifth gear 1117 in the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 do not coincide. The vertex of the rotating wheel 1132 can be represented by point N in FIG. 9 , which can be understood as the point at which the maximum distance between the outer edge of the rotating wheel 1132 projected in the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 and the rotation axis of the reversing seat 112 is located. The vertex of the fifth gear 1117 can be represented by point M in FIG. 9 , which can be understood as the point at which the maximum distance between the outer edge of the fifth gear 1117 projected in the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 and the rotation axis of the reversing seat 112 is located.

[0068] As shown in FIG2 , a first sub-gear 320 is provided on the first shaft 310, and a second sub-gear 514 is provided on the second shaft 510. As shown in FIG8 , FIG9 , FIG14 and FIG15 , when the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the fifth gear 1117 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, and the fifth gear 1117 is power-disconnected from the first shaft 310. The third gear portion 1118 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111, and the third gear portion 1118 is connected to the second shaft 510, that is, the fifth gear 1117 is not engaged with the first sub-gear 320 on the first shaft 310, and the third gear portion 1118 of the fourth gear 1116 is engaged with the second sub-gear 514 on the second shaft 510. As a result, the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are power-disconnected, that is, rotation of the first shaft 310 does not drive rotation of the second shaft 510. At this time, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is configured to work together with the first shaft 310 to squeeze the consumables located between the switching assembly 110 and the first shaft 310. Specifically, in this position, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 can be opposite the first sub-gear 320 on the first shaft 310, thereby squeezing the consumables against the first sub-gear 320. Thus, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the feeding direction, the consumables, under the extrusion force of the rotating wheel 1132 and the first sub-gear 320, will rotate synchronously with the first shaft 310 and exert a certain pulling force on the material tray, thereby causing the material tray 10 to rotate under the influence of the consumables and release the consumables to achieve feeding. At the same time, because the consumables are squeezed between the rotating wheel 1132 and the first sub-gear 320, the consumables are reduced from slipping and losing steps during the feeding process, further improving the smoothness of the consumable feeding process, which is conducive to improving and ensuring good print quality.

[0069] As shown in Figures 8, 9, 16 and 17, when the switching assembly 110 is in the second shift position, the fifth gear 1117 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group, the fifth gear 1117 is configured to be power-connected to the first shaft 310, and the third tooth portion 1118 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group, and the third tooth portion 1118 is configured to be power-connected to the second shaft 510. That is, when the switching component 110 is in the material unloading state, the fifth gear 1117 is engaged with the first sub-gear 320 on the first shaft 310, and the third tooth portion 1118 of the fourth gear 1116 is engaged with the second sub-gear 514 on the second shaft 510, so that the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are poweredly connected through the first sub-gear 320, the transmission group 111, and the second sub-gear 514. In this way, the first shaft 310 rotates in the material unloading direction, which will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate. The rotation of the second shaft 510 will drive the material tray 10 to rotate. The rotation of the material tray 10 will have a certain pulling force on the consumables connected to the print head, so that the consumables between the switching component 110 and the first shaft 310 are unloaded and stored and wound on the material tray 10, thereby realizing the material unloading operation. It is understandable that, since the vertices of the projections of the rotating wheel 1132 and the fifth gear 1117 in the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 do not coincide, when the switching assembly 110 is in the second shift position, the rotating wheel 1132 will not squeeze the consumables together with the first shaft 310.

[0070] The arrangement of the transmission group 111 realizes the power connection between the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 through two gears, which has a simple structure and simplifies the structure, thereby helping to reduce the manufacturing cost of the transmission group 111.

[0071] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG9 , the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 and the fifth gear 1117 can be arranged at a preset angle in the circumferential direction of the reversing seat 112, wherein the preset angle can be 10°, 30°, 60°, 120°, 180°, or other angles. For example, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 and the fifth gear 1117 can be arranged at a 45° interval, that is, the rotation angle between the switching component 110 in the first shift position and the switching component 110 in the second shift position is 45°. In this way, when the rotation angle of the switching component 110 is 0° and the switching component 110 is in the first shift position, when the switching component 110 rotates 45°, the switching component 110 can be in the second shift position. This arrangement facilitates the switching component 110 to quickly and accurately switch between the first shift position and the second shift position.

[0072] Specifically, the feeding and withdrawing device also includes a second driving unit 200, which is used to connect with the switching shaft 120 to drive the switching shaft 120 to rotate, so as to change the rotation position of the switching component 110, so that the switching component 110 can smoothly switch between the first shift position and the second shift position, thereby enabling the feeding and withdrawing states of the feeding device to be switched.

[0073] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in the above embodiment, the reversing seat 112 is provided with a first installation cavity 1121 on the side facing the transmission group 111; the third tooth portion 1118 is connected to the reversing seat 112 on the side facing the fourth tooth portion 1119 to cover the first installation cavity 1121, and the fourth tooth portion 1119 and the fifth gear 1117 are accommodated in the first installation cavity 1121. The cavity wall of the first installation cavity 1121 is provided with a first avoidance opening 1122 for avoiding the fifth gear 1117, thereby allowing the fifth gear 1117 extending outside the first avoidance opening 1122 to be smoothly It is selectively and dynamically connected to the first shaft 310. At the same time, this arrangement uses the third tooth portion 1118 as the first protective cover 115, which simplifies the arrangement of the first protective cover 115, is beneficial to simplifying the structure of the switching component 110, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the switching component 110. At the same time, it improves the movement accuracy of the transmission group 111, and greatly reduces the possibility of the transmission group 111 moving axially along the reversing seat 112, so as to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the switching of the switching component 110 between the first shift position and the second shift position, and improve the accuracy of the switching of the feed and withdrawn material states.

[0074] As shown in Figures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, a second installation cavity 1123 is provided on the side of the reversing seat 112 away from the transmission group 111, and a second avoidance opening 1124 is opened on the cavity wall of the second installation cavity 1123, and the rotating group 113 is installed in the second installation cavity 1123; in some embodiments, the switching assembly 110 may also include an elastic member 114 located in the second installation cavity 1123, the elastic member 114 connects the reversing seat 112 and the rotating group 113, and the elastic member 114 is used to apply a force to the rotating group 113 to move in a direction close to the second avoidance opening 1124, so that the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is stuck in the second avoidance opening 1124 and part of the rotating group 113 extends to the outside of the second avoidance opening 1124. As a result, the rotating group 113 extending to the outside of the second avoidance opening 1124 can selectively squeeze the first shaft 310, and then squeeze the consumables in the feeding state or selectively squeeze the consumables in the returning state, so as to improve the smoothness of the consumable feeding and enhance the printing quality, or to improve the smoothness of the consumable returning and ensure a good material receiving effect.

[0075] In some embodiments, since the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is clamped in the second avoidance opening 1124, the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 will not escape from the second installation cavity 1123, thereby ensuring that the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 can reliably and smoothly squeeze the first shaft 310.

[0076] In the above embodiment, as shown in Figures 3, 6, and 8, the rotating assembly 113 further includes a rotating base 1131, a rotating wheel 1132 rotatably connected to the rotating base 1131, and the rotating base 1131 is movably inserted into the reversing base 112. The elastic member 114 is connected to the rotating base 1131 to apply a force to the rotating base 1131 to move around the reversing base 112 toward the second avoidance opening 1124. Thus, under the action of the elastic member 114, the end of the rotating base 1131 away from the reversing base 112 can move around the reversing base 112 toward the second avoidance opening 1124, so that a portion of the rotating wheel 1132 extends outside the second avoidance opening 1124.

[0077] Among them, the elastic part 114 can be a spring 8122, the spring 8122 and the second avoidance opening 1124 are located on both sides of the rotating seat 1131, one end of the spring 8122 is connected to the cavity wall of the second installation cavity 1123 of the reversing seat 112, and the other end is connected or low-connected to the rotating seat 1131.

[0078] Among them, the rotating wheel 1132 is a U-shaped bearing. When the U-shaped bearing extrude the consumables, it can guide the consumables inside the U shape, thereby playing a good guiding and limiting role for the consumables, reducing the possibility of the consumables running off the rotating wheel 1132, and further improving the feeding efficiency and the material returning efficiency.

[0079] In the above embodiment, as shown in Figures 3, 6 and 8, a first connecting hole 1133 and a second connecting hole 1134 parallel to the first mounting hole are provided on the rotating seat 1131, and a connecting portion 1135 is provided on the side of the rotating seat 1131 away from the second avoidance opening 1124; the reversing seat 112 is provided with an insert rod, which is inserted into the first connecting hole 1133 to enable the rotating seat 1131 to be rotatably connected to the reversing seat 112; the switching assembly 110 also includes a connecting shaft 1136, which is passed through the rotating wheel 1132 and connected to the second connecting hole 1134, thereby making the rotating wheel 1132 rotatably connected to the rotating seat 1131. Specifically, the connecting shaft 1136 can be a pin shaft, one end of which is provided with a thread, and the second connecting hole 1134 is a threaded hole. The threaded part of the pin shaft passes through the rotating wheel 1132 and is threadedly connected to the second connecting hole 1134, so that the rotating wheel 1132 can be installed on the rotating seat 1131, and the rotating wheel 1132 can rotate relative to the rotating seat 1131.

[0080] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 3, 6, and 8, a connecting portion 1135 is provided on the side of the rotating seat 1131 away from the second escape opening 1124. The elastic member 114 and the second escape opening 1124 are located on either side of the rotating seat 1131, specifically, the elastic member 114 is located on the side of the rotating seat 1131 away from the second escape opening 1124. The connection between the elastic member 114 and the connecting portion 1135 applies a force to the rotating seat 1131, causing it to move around the insertion rod toward the second escape opening 1124. Because the connecting portion 1135 is located on the side of the rotating seat 1131 away from the second escape opening 1124, it drives the rotating wheel 1132 toward the second escape opening 1124, causing the rotating seat 1131 to be locked in the second escape opening 1124. Simultaneously, a portion of the rotating wheel 1132 extends outside the second escape opening 1124, selectively compressing the first shaft 310.

[0081] Among them, the first connecting hole 1133 and the second connecting hole 1134 are arranged in parallel, so that the rotating seat 1131 can drive the rotating wheel 1132 to move synchronously during the movement, thereby allowing part of the rotating wheel 1132 to smoothly extend to the outside of the second avoidance opening 1124.

[0082] As shown in Figures 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the switching assembly 110 also includes a second protective cover 116, which is connected to the reversing seat 112 to cover the second mounting seat 811 and limit the axial movement of the rotating module along the reversing seat 112, so that the rotating group 113 can be reliably restricted between the second protective cover 116 and the reversing seat 112, thereby providing good protection for the rotating group 113. At the same time, the possibility of the rotating group 113 being offset axially in the reversing seat 112 is reduced, thereby ensuring that the rotating wheel 1132 of the reversing module can reliably and stably extend to the outside of the second opening to selectively squeeze the consumables located between the reversing seat 112 and the first shaft 310, so that the feeding or withdrawing of the consumables can be carried out smoothly.

[0083] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the second aspect of the present invention provides a material feed and withdrawal device, comprising: a first shaft 310, a second shaft 510, and the switching assembly 110 of any one of the first aspects. Because the material feed and withdrawal device includes the switching assembly 110 of any embodiment of the first aspect, it has all the beneficial technical effects of the switching assembly 110 described above, and will not be detailed here.

[0084] In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the feed and withdraw device also includes: a first drive unit 400, connected to the first shaft 310 to drive the first shaft 310 to rotate, the power input end of the transmission group 111 is configured to be selectively connected to the first shaft 310, and the power output end of the transmission group 111 is configured to be connected to the second shaft 510; a consumable carrying device and a third shaft 610, the consumable carrying device includes a material tray 10 for carrying consumables, the second shaft 510 and the third shaft 610 are used to carry the consumable carrying device, and the rim of the material tray 10 is in contact with the circumferential surface of the second shaft 510 and the circumferential surface of the third shaft 610; a material changing mechanism 100, including a second drive unit 200, a switching shaft 120 and a switching assembly 110, the switching shaft is arranged between the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, the switching assembly is installed on the switching shaft 120, and the second drive unit 200 is used to drive the switching shaft 120 to rotate to drive the switching assembly 110 to rotate to different gear shift positions.

[0085] Among them, since the rim of the material tray 10 contacts the circumferential surface of the second shaft 510 and the circumferential surface of the third shaft 610, the second shaft 510 and / or the third shaft 610 rotates, which can drive the material tray 10 to rotate, or the rotation of the material tray 10 can drive the second shaft 510 and the third shaft 610 to rotate.

[0086] In one embodiment, a plurality of first roller assemblies are provided on the second shaft 510. The first roller assemblies are slidably sleeved on the second shaft 510 and correspond to the material tray 10. The first roller assemblies are used to abut the material tray 10. The second shaft 510 can be fixedly connected to the bracket 700 of the feeding and withdrawing device. The first roller assemblies rotate relative to the second shaft 510 to move in conjunction with the material tray 10.

[0087] In this embodiment, the second drive unit 200 drives the switching shaft 120 to rotate so that the switching component 110 rotates to different shift positions. When the second drive unit 200 drives the switching shaft 120 to rotate so that the switching component 110 is in the first shift position, the switching component 110 is dynamically separated from the first shaft 310 and squeezes the first shaft 310. When the first shaft 310 rotates in the feeding direction, the consumables will rotate synchronously with the first shaft 310 under the action of the extrusion force of the switching component 110. By pulling the consumables, the material tray 10 actively rotates under the action of the consumables to release the consumables to achieve feeding. When the second driving part 200 drives the switching shaft 120 to rotate so that the switching component 110 is in the second shifting position, the switching component 110 is powered to connect the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, that is, the rotation of the first shaft 310 through the switching component 110 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate. Therefore, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the material return direction, the switching component 110 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate, and the rotation of the second shaft 510 will drive the material tray 10 to rotate. Thus, the consumables can be withdrawn and stored on the material tray 10 to realize material return and collection.

[0088] As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the material changing mechanism 100 includes at least one switching component 110, the switching component 110 corresponds to the material tray 10, and the first shift position and the second shift position of the switching component 110 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the switching shaft 120.

[0089] The number of switching components 110 in the feeding and withdrawing device can be one, two, three, four, five, or other numbers to meet the feeding and withdrawing control of consumables on different numbers of trays 10. Specifically, when there are multiple trays 10, the colors of the consumables in the multiple trays 10 can be the same to supplement or replace consumables of the same color, or the colors of the consumables in the multiple trays 10 can be different to achieve the replacement of consumables of different colors, thereby meeting color printing and expanding the scope of use of the product.

[0090] In this embodiment, when the consumable material carrying assembly includes multiple material trays 10, by setting corresponding multiple switching assemblies 110, the corresponding switching assemblies 110 can be used to realize the feed and retreat switching of the consumables in the corresponding material tray 10. At the same time, since the first shift position and the second shift position of the switching assembly 110 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the switching shaft 120, the driving switching shaft 120 can be rotated to different positions to realize the gear switching of different switching assemblies 110, and there will be no interference between the gears.

[0091] That is, in this embodiment, simply by switching the rotational position of the switching shaft 120 of the material changing mechanism 100, different switching assemblies 110 can be placed in different shift positions, thereby placing the corresponding material tray 10 in the feeding state or the material returning state. Subsequently, with the cooperation of the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, the feeding or returning of consumables, as well as the material changing operation of different consumables, can be achieved. Compared with the related art in which each material tray 10 requires a corresponding feeding mechanism and a material returning mechanism to be controlled separately, this greatly reduces the control burden, makes the structure more concise, and avoids the problems of structural redundancy and installation difficulties.

[0092] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the number of switching components 1101 is an even number and they are arranged in pairs, and the transmission groups 111 of the two switching components 110 in the pair of switching components 110 are arranged at intervals. In this way, the distance between the rotation groups 113 of the two switching components 110 in each pair of switching components 110 is large, so that the distance between each rotation group 113 and the center of the corresponding material tray 10 in the direction of the first axis 310 is small. In this way, when the consumables are squeezed between the corresponding rotation group 113 and the first axis 310, the deflection angle of the pulling force of the consumables on the material tray 10 will be as small as possible, that is, the direction in which the consumables are drawn out from the material tray 10 will be as perpendicular to the first axis 310 as possible, thereby improving the stability of feeding or withdrawing the materials. Avoid a small distance between the two rotating groups 113 in each pair of switching components 110 so that the center distance between each rotating group 113 and the corresponding material tray 10 in the direction of the first axis 310 is large, so that when the consumables are squeezed between the corresponding rotating group 113 and the first axis 310, the deflection angle of the pulling force of the consumables on the material tray 10 is large, thereby affecting the feeding efficiency or the material returning efficiency.

[0093] It is understandable that the two switching components 110 arranged in pairs can be connected to each other as a whole, or can be distributed at intervals. When the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 includes a structure of a first gear 1111, a second gear 1112, and a third gear 1113, the first protective covers 115 of the two switching components 110 arranged in pairs can be connected to fix the two switching components 110 together to assemble into a pair of switching components 110. When the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 only includes a first gear 1111 and a second gear 1112, the two gears can be distributed at intervals to form a pair of switching components 110. It is understandable that in this case, the transmission groups 111 of the two switching components 110 can be arranged adjacent to each other, or the spacing between the two switching components 110 can be reasonably adjusted to arrange the two switching components 110 in the same direction.

[0094] In some embodiments, when the switching assembly 110 includes at least two pairs, the two adjacent pairs of switching assemblies 110 can be arranged at intervals on the switching axis. Such an arrangement can ensure that the distance between each rotating group 113 and the center of the corresponding material tray 10 in the direction of the first axis 310 will be smaller, so as to ensure that when the consumables on each material tray 10 are squeezed between the corresponding rotating group 113 and the first axis 310, the deflection angle of the pulling force of the consumables on the corresponding material tray 10 will be as small as possible, so as to improve the overall working stability of the feeding and withdrawing device.

[0095] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments, the material changing mechanism 100 may further include a plurality of auxiliary bearings 140 to realize the connection between each switching component 110 or each pair of switching components 110 and the switching shaft 120 , as well as the connection between the switching shaft 120 and the bracket 700 , etc.

[0096] In some embodiments, the material changing mechanism 100 includes four switching components 110 and the consumable material carrying device includes four material trays 10 for description.

[0097] In one example, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 5, a transmission assembly 111 of a switching assembly 110 includes a first gear 1111, a second gear 1112, and a third gear 1113, with the first gear 1111 and the second gear 1112 spaced 180 degrees apart. The shift positions of the four switching assemblies 110 are spaced apart along the circumference of the switching shaft 120. That is, the four switching assemblies 110 are installed at predetermined angles along the circumference of the switching shaft 120, so that the switching shaft 120 includes a total of ten gear positions along the circumference, with the ten gear positions arranged in sequence from gear position 1 to gear position 10. Among them, gear 1 is in the zero state, and gear 6 is in the neutral state. In these two gear states, the switching component 110 is disconnected from the first shaft 310, that is, the switching shaft 120 and the first shaft 310 are powered separately, and the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is also separated from the first shaft 310. At this time, the consumables can be connected to the print head of the three-dimensional molding equipment through the consumable channel between the first shaft 310 and the switching component 110. Gear 2 and gear 7 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the first switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the first material tray 10; gear 3 and gear 8 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the second switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the second material tray 10; gear 4 and gear 9 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the third switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the third material tray 10; gear 5 and gear 10 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the fourth switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the fourth material tray 10, wherein each gear has only one state.

[0098] In another example, the transmission group 111 of the switching assembly 110 includes a fourth gear 1116 and a fifth gear 1117, with the fourth gear 1116 being a two-stage planetary gear, and the rotating group 113 being adjacent to the fifth gear 1117. The shift positions of the four switching assemblies 110 are spaced apart along the circumference of the switching shaft 120. That is, the four switching assemblies 110 are installed at predetermined angles around the circumference of the switching shaft 120, so that the switching shaft 120 includes a total of ten gear positions, arranged sequentially from Gear 1 to Gear 10. Gear 1 is in a reset state, and Gear 10 is in a neutral state. In these two gear positions, the switching assembly 110 is disconnected from the first shaft 310, i.e., the switching shaft 120 and the first shaft 310 are powered separately, and the rotating wheel 1132 of the rotating group 113 is also disconnected from the first shaft 310. At this point, consumables can be connected to the print head of the three-dimensional molding device through the consumables channel between the first shaft 310 and the switching assembly 110. Gear 2 and gear 3 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the first switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the first material tray 10; gear 4 and gear 5 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the second switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the second material tray 10; gear 6 and gear 7 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the third switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the third material tray 10; gear 8 and gear 9 correspond to the first gear shift position and the second gear shift position of the fourth switching component 110, controlling the feeding and withdrawing of the consumable channel corresponding to the fourth material tray 10, wherein each gear has only one state.

[0099] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in some embodiments provided by the present invention, the feeding and withdrawing device also includes: a bracket 700, a material changing mechanism 100, a first shaft 310, a second shaft 510, a third shaft 610, and a consumable material carrying device are all rotatably connected to the bracket 700.

[0100] Among them, the bracket 700 can be fixed on the main body of the three-dimensional molding equipment, or an additional supporting structure can be used to support the bracket 700, or the bracket 700 can be placed directly on the operating table. The feeding and withdrawing device also includes a plurality of bearings, and the first shaft 310, the second shaft 510, the third shaft 610, and the switching shaft 120 of the material changing mechanism 100 are respectively rotatably connected to the bracket 700 through at least one bearing. The number and structure of the bearings can be reasonably set according to the contact position between the bracket 700 and each component, such as a bearing can be set at each end of the switching shaft 120, and a bearing can be set at each end of the first shaft 310, etc. Specifically, the bracket 700 can be open, supporting each component only at the bottom, or, as shown in Figure 2, the bracket 700 can be closed, the bracket 700 includes an inner cavity, and each component is located in the inner cavity, and a through hole is provided on the bracket 700 for the consumables to enter and exit.

[0101] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the feeding and withdrawing device further includes a main housing 20 , and the switching assembly 110 is connected to the main housing 20 .

[0102] The main housing 20 can be an open housing, with the tray 10 and feed / return device exposed, providing bottom support for the main housing 20. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the main housing 20 includes a storage space, within which both the tray 10 and the feed / return device are located. This provides a more stable position between the tray 10 and the second shaft 510, and eliminates the need for the feed / return device to be installed based on the position of the tray 10. The tray 10 and the feed / return device can be integrated into the main housing 20, allowing for a variety of placement options and configurations as needed.

[0103] As shown in Figures 1 to 17, the third aspect of the present application further provides a material return transmission device, which is used in a 3D printer. The material return transmission device is used to control the return of consumables. The material return transmission device includes: a first shaft 310; a second shaft 510; and a switching component 110. The switching component 110 is configured with different shift positions. The switching component 110 includes a transmission group 111 and a reversing seat 112. The transmission group 111 is arranged on the reversing seat 112. The switching component 110 is arranged between the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, and is used to transmit the power of the first shaft 310 to the second shaft 510.

[0104] Among them, the setting mode, structure and function of the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are the same as the setting mode, structure and function of the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 in the feeding and withdrawing device in some of the above-mentioned embodiments and combinations thereof, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] Among them, the switching component 110 is arranged between the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, and is used to transmit the power of the first shaft 310 to the second shaft 510. It can be understood that when the switching component 110 transmits the power of the first shaft 310 to the second shaft 510, it means that the first shaft 310 is connected to the second shaft 510 through the switching component 110, that is, the rotation of the first shaft 310 through the switching component 110 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate. Therefore, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the material unloading direction, the second shaft 510 will be driven to rotate through the switching component 110, and the rotation of the second shaft 510 will drive the material tray 10 to rotate. The rotation of the material tray 10 has a pulling force on the consumables located between the switching component 110 and the first shaft 310, thereby enabling the consumables to be withdrawn and stored on the material tray 10 to realize material unloading and collection, that is, the switching component 110 is in the material unloading state to meet the 3D printer in the material unloading state. It is understood that when the system completes the material return or no longer needs to return the material, the switching assembly 110 can be switched to a different shift position to decouple the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, thereby placing the material return transmission device in a non-material return state. The material return direction of the first shaft 310 can be understood as the direction in which the first shaft 310 rotates from the outlet to the inlet of the consumables channel. As shown in Figures 12, 13, 16, and 17, the first shaft 310 rotates in the counterclockwise direction Q.

[0106] That is to say, the material unloading transmission device can selectively transmit the power of the first shaft 310 to the second shaft 510 by placing the switching component 110 in different shift positions to meet the needs of whether the 3D printer is in the material unloading state and whether the material unloading operation needs to be performed. It is simple to operate and easy to control.

[0107] In some embodiments, the shift position includes a first shift position and a second shift position. The first shift position may correspond to the 3D printer being in a non-material-ejection position, and the second shift position may correspond to the 3D printer being in a material-ejection position. When the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the transmission group 111 is configured to be in a non-transmission state, that is, the transmission group 111 is not connected to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510. The first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 are power-decoupled, and the motion states of the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510 do not affect each other. When the switching component 110 is in the second shift position, the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 is configured to be in a transmission state, that is, the transmission group 111 is powered to connect the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, that is, the rotation of the first shaft 310 through the transmission group 111 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate. Therefore, when the first shaft 310 rotates in the material withdrawal direction, the transmission group 111 of the switching component 110 will drive the second shaft 510 to rotate, and the rotation of the second shaft 510 will drive the material tray 10 to rotate. The rotation of the material tray 10 has a pulling force on the consumables located between the switching component 110 and the first shaft 310, thereby enabling the consumables to be withdrawn and stored on the material tray 10 to realize material withdrawal and collection, that is, the switching component 110 is in a material withdrawal state.

[0108] Therefore, by reasonably controlling the switching component 110 to switch between the first shift position and the second shift position, the need for the 3D printer to return materials can be met, which is simple to operate and convenient to control.

[0109] It can be understood that, through the combination of the above-mentioned multiple embodiments, the structure of the switching component 110 in the material return transmission device provided in the present application and the switching component 110 in the material feed and return device can be partially the same. That is to say, through the combination of the above-mentioned multiple embodiments, part of the structure of the switching component 110 in the material feed and return device (such as the transmission group 111, the reversing seat 112, etc.) can be adapted to the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, so as to realize the technical solution of the material return transmission device, which will not be repeated here.

[0110] It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the following technical solution of the switching component 110 of the material return transmission device may be the same as the technical solution of the switching component 110 of the material feed and return device.

[0111] At least part of the transmission group 111 of the switching assembly 110 in the material unloading transmission device protrudes from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat 112.

[0112] The transmission group 111 includes a second gear 1112 and a third gear 1113 that are transmission-connected. The second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the reversing seat 112; when the switching assembly 110 is in the second shift position, the third gear 1113 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, and the second gear 1112 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111.

[0113] The rotating shaft of the second gear 1112 , the rotating shaft of the third gear 1113 and the rotating axis of the reversing seat 112 are coplanar; or: the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 partially protrude from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat 112 .

[0114] The transmission group 111 also includes a first gear 1111 coaxially arranged with the reversing seat 112 and rotatable relative to the reversing seat 112; wherein, the first gear 1111 includes a first tooth portion 1114 and a second tooth portion 1115, the second gear 1112 is engaged with the first tooth portion 1114, and the third gear 1113 is engaged with the second tooth portion 1115; or the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 have the same number of teeth and are engaged with the tooth portion of the first gear 1111.

[0115] The gear ratio between the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113 ranges from 0.2 to 5.

[0116] A first mounting cavity 1121 is provided on the side of the reversing seat 112 facing the transmission group 111; the switching assembly 110 also includes a first protective cover 115, which is connected to the reversing seat 112 to cover the first mounting cavity 1121. The transmission group 111 is accommodated in the first mounting cavity 1121, and the cavity wall of the first mounting cavity 1121 is provided with a first avoidance opening 1122 for avoiding the second gear 1112 and the third gear 1113; wherein, the first protective cover 115 is also used to limit the movement of the transmission group 111 along the axial direction of the reversing seat 112.

[0117] The transmission group 111 includes a fourth gear 11116 and a fifth gear 1117. The fourth gear 1116 is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat 112 and is rotatable relative to the reversing seat 112. The fourth gear 1116 includes a third tooth portion 1118 and a fourth tooth portion 1119. The diameter of the third tooth portion 1118 is larger than the diameter of the fourth tooth portion 1119. The third tooth portion 1118 is engaged with the fifth gear 1117. The vertices of the projections of the rotating wheel 1132 and the fifth gear 1117 in the axial direction of the reversing seat 112 do not coincide. When the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position and the second shift position, the fifth gear 1117 is configured as the power input end of the transmission group 111, and the third tooth portion 1118 is configured as the power output end of the transmission group 111. When the switching assembly 110 is in the first shift position, the rotating wheel 1132 is configured to extrude consumables.

[0118] A first mounting cavity 1121 is provided on the side of the reversing seat 112 facing the transmission group 111; the side of the third tooth portion 1118 facing the fourth tooth portion 1119 is connected to the reversing seat 112 to cover the first mounting cavity 1121, and the fourth tooth portion 1119 and the fifth gear 1117 are accommodated in the first mounting cavity 1121. The cavity wall of the first mounting cavity 1121 is provided with a first avoidance opening 1122 for avoiding the fifth gear 1117.

[0119] It is understandable that, in some embodiments, the above-mentioned technical solution of the switching component 110 of the material return transmission device may be the same as the technical solution of the switching component 110 of the material feed and return device.

[0120] In some embodiments, the material return transmission device also includes: a first drive unit 400, connected to the first shaft 310 to drive the first shaft 310 to rotate, the power input end of the transmission group 111 is used to selectively connect to the first shaft 310, and the power output end of the transmission group 111 is used to connect to the second shaft 510; the material changing mechanism 100 includes a second drive unit 200, a switching shaft 120 and a switching assembly 110, the switching shaft is arranged between the first shaft 310 and the second shaft 510, the switching assembly 110 is installed on the switching shaft 120, and the second drive unit 200 is used to drive the switching shaft 120 to rotate to drive the switching assembly 110 to rotate to different gear shift positions.

[0121] The material return transmission device also includes: a consumable material carrying device and a third shaft 610. The consumable material carrying device includes a material tray 10 for carrying consumables. The second shaft 510 and the third shaft 610 are used to jointly carry the consumable material carrying device. The rim of the material tray 10 is in contact with the circumferential surface of the second shaft 510 and the circumferential surface of the third shaft 610.

[0122] The switching shaft 120 and the first shaft 310 are arranged in parallel, and the plane parallel to the switching shaft 120 and the first shaft 310 is a reference plane. The first shaft 310 includes a first sub-gear 320, and the vertical projections of the first sub-gear 320 and the second gear 1112 of the transmission group 111 in the reference plane do not intersect.

[0123] The vertical projections of the first sub-gear 320 and the third gear 1113 of the transmission group 111 in the reference plane partially overlap.

[0124] It is understood that, in some embodiments, the above technical solution of the material return transmission device is the same as some technical solutions in the above multiple embodiments of the material feed and return device, and their combinations, and will not be described in detail here. It is understood that, in some embodiments, the above technical solution of the material return transmission device is different from some technical solutions in the above multiple embodiments of the material feed and return device, and their combinations.

[0125] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a 3D printing switching system, comprising: a 3D printer for receiving consumables for additive manufacturing; and a switching assembly 110 according to any embodiment of the first aspect. Because the 3D printing switching system includes the switching assembly 110 according to any embodiment of the first aspect, it possesses all the beneficial technical effects of the switching assembly 110 described above, and no further details are provided herein.

[0126] In some embodiments, the 3D printing switching system further includes a control device configured to switch the shift position of the switching assembly 110. Specifically, the 3D printing switching system may further include a second drive unit 200 and a switching shaft 120 connected to the second drive unit 200, with the switching assembly 110 mounted on the switching shaft 120. The control device is electrically connected to the second drive unit 200 to control the operating state of the second drive unit 200, thereby adjusting the rotational position of the switching shaft 120 to adjust the shift position of the switching assembly 110. For example, by controlling the operating state of the second drive unit 200, the control device can rotate the switching shaft 120 to position the switching assembly 120 in the first shift position or the second shift position.

[0127] A fifth aspect of the present application provides a 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system, comprising: a 3D printer for additive manufacturing; and the material feeding and withdrawing device according to any one of the second aspects. Since the 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system includes the material feeding and withdrawing device according to any one of the embodiments of the second aspect, it possesses all the beneficial technical effects of the aforementioned material feeding and withdrawing devices, and no further details will be given here.

[0128] In some embodiments, the 3D printing feeding and unloading system further includes a control device, which is electrically connected to the first driving unit 400 to control the working state of the first driving unit 400, thereby adjusting the rotation direction of the first shaft 310. For example, by controlling the working state of the first driving unit 400 through the control device, the first shaft 310 can be rotated in the feeding direction, in the unloading direction, or stop rotating.

[0129] The control device is also electrically connected to the second drive unit 200 to control the working state of the second drive unit 200, and then adjust the rotation position of the switching shaft 120 to achieve the adjustment of the shift position of the switching component 110. For example, by controlling the working state of the second drive unit 200 through the control device, the switching shaft 120 can be rotated to place the switching component 110 in the first shift position or the second shift position.

[0130] A sixth aspect of this application provides a 3D printing material return system, comprising: a 3D printer for additive manufacturing; and a material return transmission device according to any embodiment of the third aspect. Because the 3D printing material return system includes the material return transmission device according to any embodiment of the third aspect, it possesses all the beneficial technical effects of the aforementioned material return transmission devices, and a detailed description thereof will not be repeated here.

[0131] In some embodiments, the 3D printing material return system further includes a control device electrically connected to the first drive unit 400 to control the operating state of the first drive unit 400 and thereby adjust the rotational direction of the first shaft 310. For example, by controlling the operating state of the first drive unit 400, the control device can cause the first shaft 310 to rotate in the material return direction, in the non-material return direction, or to stop rotating. The rotation of the first shaft in the non-material return direction is opposite to the rotation of the first shaft in the material return direction.

[0132] The control device is also electrically connected to the second drive unit 200 to control the working state of the second drive unit 200, and then adjust the rotation position of the switching shaft to achieve the adjustment of the shift position of the switching component 110. For example, by controlling the working state of the second drive unit 200 through the control device, the switching shaft 120 can be rotated to place the switching component in the first shift position or the second shift position.

[0133] In the description of the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships described in the accompanying drawings. They are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "connect," "install," and "fix" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0134] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified and varied in various ways. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A switching component (110), characterized in that: The switching assembly (110) is configured with different shifting positions. The switching assembly (110) comprises a transmission group (111), a reversing seat (112) and a rotating group (113). The transmission group (111) and the rotating group (113) are arranged on the reversing seat (112). The switching assembly (110) is used to switch the shifting positions, and the rotating group (113) is used to extrude consumables.

2. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) and the rotating group (113) are installed on the reversing seat (112) along the axial direction of the reversing seat (112); the rotating group (113) comprises a rotating wheel (1132) rotatable relative to the reversing seat (112); The shift position comprises a first shift position and a second shift position, the transmission group (111) is configured to be in a non-transmission state in the first shift position and in a transmission state in the second shift position, and the rotating wheel (1132) is configured to squeeze the consumable material at least in the first shift position.

3. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least part of the transmission group (111) or at least part of the rotating wheel (1132) protrudes from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat (112); The protruding height of the rotating wheel (1132) is less than or equal to the protruding height of the transmission group (111).

4. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) comprises a second gear (1112) and a third gear (1113) which are transmission-connected, and the second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the reversing seat (112); When the switching assembly (110) is in the second gear shift position, the third gear (1113) is configured as a power input end of the transmission group (111), and the second gear (1112) is configured as a power output end of the transmission group (111).

5. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the second gear (1112), the rotating shaft of the third gear (1113) and the rotating shaft of the reversing seat (112) are coplanar; or: The second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) partially protrude from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat (112).

6. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) further comprises a first gear (1111) which is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat (112) and rotatable relative to the reversing seat (112); Wherein, the first gear (1111) comprises a first tooth portion (1114) and a second tooth portion (1115), the second gear (1112) meshes with the first tooth portion (1114), and the third gear (1113) meshes with the second tooth portion (1115); or The second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) have the same number of teeth and mesh with the teeth of the first gear (1111).

7. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear ratio between the second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) ranges from 0.2 to 5.

8. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating group (113) comprises a first sub-rotating group (113a) and a second sub-rotating group (113b), wherein the rotating wheel (1132) of the first sub-rotating group (113a) at least partially overlaps with the projection of the second gear (1112) on the axial direction of the reversing seat (112), and the rotating wheel (1132) of the second sub-rotating group (113b) at least partially overlaps with the projection of the third gear (1113) on the axial direction of the reversing seat (112).

9. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the first shift position, the rotating wheel (1132) of the first sub-rotating group (113a) is configured to extrude consumables, and in the second shift position, the rotating wheel (1132) of the second sub-rotating group (113b) is configured to extrude consumables.

10. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first installation cavity (1121) is formed on a side of the reversing seat (112) facing the transmission group (111); The switching assembly (110) further comprises a first protective cover (115), the first protective cover (115) being connected to the reversing seat (112) to cover the first installation cavity (1121), the transmission group (111) being accommodated in the first installation cavity (1121), and a cavity wall of the first installation cavity (1121) being provided with a first avoidance opening (1122) for avoiding the second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113); The first protective cover (115) is also used to limit the movement of the transmission group (111) along the axial direction of the reversing seat (112).

11. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) comprises a fourth gear (11116) and a fifth gear (1117); the fourth gear (1116) is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat (112) and is rotatable relative to the reversing seat (112); the fourth gear (1116) comprises a third tooth portion (1118) and a fourth tooth portion (1119); the diameter of the third tooth portion (1118) is greater than the diameter of the fourth tooth portion (1119); the third tooth portion (1118) is meshed with the fifth gear (1117); and the vertices of the projections of the rotating wheel (1132) and the fifth gear (1117) in the axial direction of the reversing seat (112) do not overlap; Wherein, when the switching component (110) is in the first shift position and the second shift position, the fifth gear (1117) is configured as the power input end of the transmission group (111), and the third gear portion (1118) is configured as the power output end of the transmission group (111); when the switching component (110) is in the first shift position, the rotating wheel (1132) is configured to extrude consumables.

12. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 11, characterized in that: A first installation cavity (1121) is formed on a side of the reversing seat (112) facing the transmission group (111); The side of the third tooth portion (1118) facing the fourth tooth portion (1119) is connected to the reversing seat (112) to cover the first installation cavity (1121); the fourth tooth portion (1119) and the fifth gear (1117) are accommodated in the first installation cavity (1121); and the cavity wall of the first installation cavity (1121) is provided with a first avoidance opening (1122) for avoiding the fifth gear (1117).

13. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second installation cavity (1123) is provided on a side of the reversing seat (112) away from the transmission group (111); a second avoidance opening (1124) is provided on a cavity wall of the second installation cavity (1123); the rotating group (113) further comprises a rotating seat (1131) located in the second installation cavity (1123) and movably connected to the reversing seat (112); and the rotating wheel (1132) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (1131); The switching assembly (110) further comprises an elastic member (114) located in the second mounting cavity (1123), wherein the elastic member (114) connects the reversing seat (112) and the rotating seat (1131), and the elastic member (114) is used to apply a force to the rotating seat (1131) to move in a direction close to the second avoidance opening (1124), so that the rotating wheel (1132) is clamped in the second avoidance opening (1124) and a portion of the rotating wheel (1132) extends to the outside of the second avoidance opening (1124).

14. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 13, characterized in that: The rotating seat (1131) is provided with a first connecting hole (1133) and a second connecting hole (1134), and the reversing seat (112) is provided with an insert rod, which is inserted into the first connecting hole (1133) to The rotating seat (1131) is rotatably connected to the reversing seat (112), and the switching assembly (110) further comprises a connecting shaft (1136), wherein the connecting shaft (1136) is passed through the rotating wheel (1132) and the second connecting hole (1134) and is connected to the rotating seat (1131); A connecting portion (1135) is provided on a side of the rotating seat (1131) away from the second avoidance opening (1124); the elastic member (114) and the second avoidance opening (1124) are located on both sides of the rotating seat (1131); the elastic member (114) is connected to the connecting portion (1135) so as to apply a force to the rotating seat (1131) to move in a direction close to the second avoidance opening (1124).

15. The switching assembly (110) according to claim 13, characterized in that: The switching assembly (110) further comprises a second protective cover (116), wherein the second protective cover (116) is connected to the reversing seat (112) to cover the second mounting cavity (1123) and to limit the axial movement of the rotating module along the reversing seat (112).

16. A material feeding and withdrawing device, characterized in that: The feeding and withdrawing device comprises: A first shaft (310), a second shaft (510), and a switching assembly (110) according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. The material feeding and withdrawing device according to claim 16, characterized in that: The feeding and withdrawing device also includes: a first driving unit (400) connected to the first shaft (310) to drive the first shaft (310) to rotate, a power input end of the transmission group (111) being used to selectively connect to the first shaft (310), and a power output end of the transmission group (111) being used to connect to the second shaft (510); The material changing mechanism (100) comprises a second driving part (200), a switching shaft (120) and the switching assembly (110), wherein the switching shaft is arranged between the first shaft (310) and the second shaft (510), and the switching assembly (110) is mounted on the switching shaft (120), and the second driving part (200) is used to drive the switching shaft (120) to rotate so as to drive the switching assembly (110) to rotate to different shifting positions.

18. The material feeding and withdrawing device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The feeding and withdrawing device also includes: A consumable material carrying device and a third shaft (610), wherein the consumable material carrying device comprises a material tray (10) for carrying consumable materials, the second shaft (510) and the third shaft (610) are used to jointly carry the consumable material carrying device, and the rim of the material tray (10) is in contact with the circumferential surface of the second shaft (510) and the circumferential surface of the third shaft (610).

19. The material feeding and withdrawing device according to claim 17, characterized in that: The switching shaft (120) and the first shaft (310) are arranged in parallel, and a plane parallel to the switching shaft (120) and the first shaft (310) is a reference plane. The first shaft (310) includes a first sub-gear (320), and the vertical projections of the first sub-gear (320) and the second gear (1112) of the transmission group (111) in the reference plane do not intersect.

20. The material feeding and withdrawing device according to claim 19, characterized in that: The vertical projections of the first sub-gear (320) and the third gear (1113) of the transmission group (111) in the reference plane partially overlap.

21. The material feeding and withdrawing device according to claim 18, characterized in that: The material changing mechanism (100) comprises at least one switching component (110), the switching component (110) corresponds to the material tray (10), and different shifting positions of the switching component (110) are arranged at circumferential intervals on the switching shaft (120).

22. The material feeding and withdrawing device according to claim 21, characterized in that: The number of the switching components (110) is an even number and they are arranged in pairs, and the transmission groups of two switching components (110) in the pair of switching components (110) are arranged at intervals.

23. A material-returning transmission device, characterized in that: Applied in a 3D printer, the material-returning transmission device is used to control the return of consumables, and the material-returning transmission device includes: A first axis (310); a second axis (510); and A switching assembly (110), wherein the switching assembly (110) is configured with different shifting positions, wherein the switching assembly (110) comprises a transmission group (111) and a reversing seat (112), wherein the transmission group (111) is arranged on the reversing seat (112), and the switching assembly (110) is arranged between the first shaft (310) and the second shaft (510) and is used for transmitting power of the first shaft (310) to the second shaft (510).

24. The material-returning transmission device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The shift position comprises a first shift position and a second shift position, and the transmission group (111) is configured to be in a non-transmission state in the first shift position and in a transmission state in the second shift position.

25. The material-returning transmission device according to claim 24, characterized in that: At least a portion of the transmission group (111) protrudes from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat (112).

26. The material-returning transmission device according to claim 24, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) comprises a second gear (1112) and a third gear (1113) which are transmission-connected, and the second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the reversing seat (112); When the switching assembly (110) is in the second gear shift position, the third gear (1113) is configured as a power input end of the transmission group (111), and the second gear (1112) is configured as a power output end of the transmission group (111).

27. The material-returning transmission device according to claim 26, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the second gear (1112), the rotating shaft of the third gear (1113) and the rotating shaft of the reversing seat (112) are coplanar; or: The second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) partially protrude from the circumferential side wall of the reversing seat (112).

28. The material-returning transmission device according to claim 27, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) further comprises a first gear (1111) which is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat (112) and rotatable relative to the reversing seat (112); Wherein, the first gear (1111) comprises a first tooth portion (1114) and a second tooth portion (1115), the second gear (1112) meshes with the first tooth portion (1114), and the third gear (1113) meshes with the second tooth portion (1115); or The second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) have the same number of teeth and mesh with the teeth of the first gear (1111).

29. The material-removing transmission device according to claim 28, characterized in that: The gear ratio between the second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113) ranges from 0.2 to 5.

30. The material-removing transmission device according to claim 26, characterized in that: A first installation cavity (1121) is formed on a side of the reversing seat (112) facing the transmission group (111); The switching assembly (110) further comprises a first protective cover (115), the first protective cover (115) being connected to the reversing seat (112) to cover the first installation cavity (1121), the transmission group (111) being accommodated in the first installation cavity (1121), and a cavity wall of the first installation cavity (1121) being provided with a first avoidance opening (1122) for avoiding the second gear (1112) and the third gear (1113); The first protective cover (115) is also used to limit the movement of the transmission group (111) along the axial direction of the reversing seat (112).

31. The material-returning transmission device according to claim 24, characterized in that: The transmission group (111) comprises a fourth gear (11116) and a fifth gear (1117); the fourth gear (1116) is coaxially arranged with the reversing seat (112) and is rotatable relative to the reversing seat (112); the fourth gear (1116) comprises a third tooth portion (1118) and a fourth tooth portion (1119); the diameter of the third tooth portion (1118) is greater than the diameter of the fourth tooth portion (1119); the third tooth portion (1118) is meshed with the fifth gear (1117); and the vertices of the projections of the rotating wheel (1132) and the fifth gear (1117) in the axial direction of the reversing seat (112) do not overlap; Wherein, when the switching component (110) is in the first shift position and the second shift position, the fifth gear (1117) is configured as the power input end of the transmission group (111), and the third gear portion (1118) is configured as the power output end of the transmission group (111); when the switching component (110) is in the first shift position, the rotating wheel (1132) is configured to extrude consumables.

32. The material withdrawal transmission device according to claim 31, characterized in that: A first installation cavity (1121) is formed on a side of the reversing seat (112) facing the transmission group (111); The side of the third tooth portion (1118) facing the fourth tooth portion (1119) is connected to the reversing seat (112) to cover the first installation cavity (1121); the fourth tooth portion (1119) and the fifth gear (1117) are accommodated in the first installation cavity (1121); and the cavity wall of the first installation cavity (1121) is provided with a first avoidance opening (1122) for avoiding the fifth gear (1117).

33. The material withdrawal transmission device according to claim 23, characterized in that: The material withdrawal transmission device also includes: a first driving unit (400) connected to the first shaft (310) to drive the first shaft (310) to rotate, a power input end of the transmission group (111) being used to selectively connect to the first shaft (310), and a power output end of the transmission group (111) being used to connect to the second shaft (510); The material changing mechanism (100) comprises a second driving part (200), a switching shaft (120) and the switching assembly (110), wherein the switching shaft is arranged between the first shaft (310) and the second shaft (510), and the switching assembly (110) is mounted on the switching shaft (120), and the second driving part (200) is used to drive the switching shaft (120) to rotate so as to drive the switching assembly (110) to rotate to different shifting positions.

34. The material withdrawal transmission device according to claim 33, characterized in that: The material withdrawal transmission device also includes: A consumables carrying device and a third axis (610), wherein the consumables carrying device includes a consumables carrying The material tray (10), the second shaft (510) and the third shaft (610) are used to jointly support the consumable material supporting device, and the rim of the material tray (10) is in contact with the circumferential surface of the second shaft (510) and the circumferential surface of the third shaft (610).

35. The material withdrawal transmission device according to claim 33, characterized in that: The switching shaft (120) and the first shaft (310) are arranged in parallel, and a plane parallel to the switching shaft (120) and the first shaft (310) is a reference plane. The first shaft (310) includes a first sub-gear (320), and the vertical projections of the first sub-gear (320) and the second gear (1112) of the transmission group (111) in the reference plane do not intersect.

36. The material withdrawal transmission device according to claim 35, characterized in that: The vertical projections of the first sub-gear (320) and the third gear (1113) of the transmission group (111) in the reference plane partially overlap.

37. A 3D printing switching system, characterized in that: The 3D printing switching system comprises: 3D printers for receiving consumables for additive manufacturing; and The switching assembly (110) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 15.

38. A 3D printing material feeding and withdrawing system, characterized in that: The 3D printing feeding and withdrawing system comprises: 3D printers for additive manufacturing; and A material feeding and withdrawing device as claimed in any one of claims 16 to 22.

39. A 3D printing material return system, characterized in that: The 3D printing material return system comprises: 3D printers for additive manufacturing; and The material removal transmission device as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 36.

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