Multi-flow channel uniform-temperature radiator

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of power electronic power modules. Disclosed is a multi-flow channel uniform-temperature radiator. A main body part of the radiator comprises a water inlet and a water outlet which are arranged at the front end and the rear end of a substrate, and a plurality of channels located in the middle of the substrate. The water inlet is in communication with the front ends of the plurality of channels by means of a flow divider A, and the water outlet is in communication with the rear ends of the plurality of channels by means of a flow divider B. The flow divider A connects the water inlet and the plurality of channels, achieving reasonable distribution of coolant from the water inlet to the plurality of channels. The flow divider B achieves reasonable collection of coolant from the plurality of channels to the water outlet. According to the present invention, the problem of uneven overall heat dissipation caused by a straight-through flow channel is solved. The flowing of coolant in a flow channel is more uniform mainly by improving flow channel structure and layout, thus the flow uniformity of a liquid-cooling flow channel is improved, thereby maintaining the consistency of the temperature of the coolant in a cooling flow channel. As a result, the uniform-temperature heat dissipation effect of a radiator is improved, so that local overheating of a power module is prevented, thereby improving the operation performance of the power module.

Description

A multi-channel temperature-uniform radiator Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power electronic power modules, and in particular to a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of power electronics technology in my country, power electronics power modules are gradually transitioning towards miniaturization and lightweighting. The frequency of electronic equipment functions is mainly controlled by the operating voltage of the power module. The higher the module voltage, the more heat is generated.

[0003] Among existing cooling technologies, most use air cooling and liquid cooling. In addition, since the cooling channels of most radiators are straight-through, as the flow path from front to back becomes longer, the coolant temperature becomes higher, resulting in uneven heat dissipation of the entire module and a large temperature difference between the chip junctions, which reduces module reliability.

[0004] In order to improve the uneven heat dissipation of power electronic modules, balance the temperature distribution between chips, and ensure the high reliability of power electronic equipment, it is necessary to develop a more effective temperature-averaging heat sink.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention addresses the above technical problems, overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a multi-channel temperature-uniform radiator.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a multi-channel temperature-uniform radiator.

[0008] Technical effect: The present invention solves the problem of uneven overall heat dissipation caused by straight-through flow channels. It mainly improves the flow channel structure and layout to make the flow of coolant in the flow channel more uniform, improves the flow uniformity of the liquid cooling flow channel, and keeps the coolant temperature in the cooling flow channel consistent, thereby improving the uniform temperature heat dissipation effect of the radiator, avoiding local overheating of the power module, and thus improving the working performance of the power module.

[0009] The technical solution further defined in the present invention is: a multi-channel temperature radiator, comprising a substrate, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the substrate, and a

[0010] Multi-channel, with coolant flowing through the multi-channel; the multi-channel is provided with a plurality of sub-channels arranged in parallel, and the coolant in the sub-channels flows evenly;

[0011] The flow divider A is located between the multi-channel and the water inlet to connect the two and achieve uniform distribution of the coolant into the multi-channel;

[0012] The diverter B is provided between the multi-channel and the water outlet to connect the two and realize the reasonable collection of the coolant in the multi-channel.

[0013] Furthermore, several sub-channels are arranged in parallel along the up-down direction; and several sub-channels extend along the front-back direction.

[0014] As described above, a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator, the diverter A includes two main channels A symmetrically arranged up and down, the two main channels A converge at the water inlet on one side, and a number of sub-channels A connected in parallel are provided on the other side. The number of sub-channels A matches the number of sub-channels, and each sub-channel A is connected to the corresponding sub-channel.

[0015] As described above, a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator, the diverter B includes two main channels B symmetrically arranged up and down, the two main channels B converge at the water inlet on one side, and a number of sub-channels B connected in parallel are provided on the other side. The number of sub-channels B is adapted to the number of sub-channels, and each sub-channel B is connected to the corresponding sub-channel.

[0016] As described above, in a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator, each sub-channel A or sub-channel B has a Z-shaped channel structure, and several sub-channels A or sub-channels B on the same side are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

[0017] As described above, in a multi-channel temperature radiator, the widths of the plurality of sub-channels A decrease from the upper and lower sides to the middle; the widths of the plurality of sub-channels B decrease from the upper and lower sides to the middle.

[0018] As described above, in a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator, each sub-channel A or sub-channel B includes a contraction section, a transition section, and an expansion section arranged in sequence. The contraction section is located near the water inlet, the expansion section is located near the water outlet, and the transition section is in the middle. The cross-sectional dimensions of the contraction section, transition section, and expansion section gradually increase.

[0019] As described above, in a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator, the connection between the contraction section, the transition section and the expansion section is set to be an obtuse angle.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] (1) In the present invention, each sub-channel is constructed as a Z-shaped channel, which not only makes the coolant flow more uniform in the liquid cooling channel and improves the flow uniformity of the liquid cooling channel, but also keeps the coolant temperature in the channel consistent, thereby improving the uniform heat dissipation effect of the radiator;

[0022] (2) In the present invention, the widths of the multiple sub-channels decrease from the upper and lower sides to the middle, so that the water flow rate in the upper and lower channels is slower than that in the middle channel, thereby making the heat exchange at the upper and lower sides more sufficient and the heat dissipation effect better, effectively alleviating the phenomenon of local overheating of the module;

[0023] (3) In the present invention, the sub-channel is provided with a contraction section, a transition section, and an expansion section in the flow direction of the coolant from front to back, so that the coolant flows faster near the water inlet and slower near the water outlet, effectively solving the problem of uneven temperature of the power module;

[0024] (4) In the present invention, the ratio of the width of the sub-channels decreasing from the upper and lower sides to the middle is between 10% and 20%, but is not limited to this value and needs to be set according to the heat generation performance of the power module;

[0025] (5) The present invention solves the problem of uneven overall heat dissipation caused by the straight-through flow channel. This is mainly achieved by improving the flow channel structure and layout to make the flow of the coolant in the flow channel more uniform, thereby improving the flow uniformity of the liquid cooling flow channel and keeping the coolant temperature in the cooling flow channel consistent, thereby improving the uniform temperature heat dissipation effect of the radiator, avoiding local overheating of the power module, and thus improving the working performance of the power module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flow splitter A and a flow splitter B according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG3 is a partial schematic diagram of a sub-flow channel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1. substrate; 2. water inlet; 3. water outlet; 4. multi-channel; 5. sub-channel; 6. diverter A; 7. diverter B; 8. main channel A; 81. sub-channel A; 9. main channel B; 91. sub-channel B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, a detailed description is given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] A multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator provided in this embodiment has a structure as shown in Figure 1. The main part includes a water inlet 2 and a water outlet 3 arranged at the front and rear ends of a substrate 1 (the substrate 1 is a metal plate), and a multi-channel 4 located in the middle of the substrate 1. The water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 are located in the middle of the substrate 1, and the two are on the same horizontal line, presenting an I-shaped distribution.

[0034] The water inlet 2 is connected to the front end of the multi-channel 4 through the diverter A6, and the water outlet 3 is connected to the rear end of the multi-channel 4 through the diverter B7. The diverter A6 connects the water inlet 2 and the multi-channel 4 to achieve reasonable distribution of the coolant from the water inlet 2 to the multi-channel 4, and the diverter B7 achieves reasonable collection of the coolant from the multi-channel 4 to the water outlet 3.

[0035] The multi-channel 4 includes multiple sub-channels 5 arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, and the sub-channels 5 extend along a Z-shaped path in the front-to-back direction. The multiple sub-channels 5 are arranged in parallel to ensure a more uniform flow of coolant in the liquid-cooling channel and a consistent coolant temperature in each sub-channel 5. This allows for uniform heat exchange between the coolant in the liquid-cooling channel and the power module, preventing local overheating of the power module that could affect operating performance. It is worth noting that in this embodiment, there are a total of sub-channels 5 arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, but in actual application, this number is not limited to this number and should be set according to needs.

[0036] At the same time, each sub-channel 5 is constructed as a Z-shaped flow channel to increase the contact area between the sub-channel 5 and the power module, thereby ensuring that the contact area between the liquid cooling channel and the power module is large enough, so that the coolant can fully cool the power module during flow, thereby improving the heat dissipation performance of the radiator.

[0037] The multi-channel 4 temperature-averaging heat sink in the embodiment of the present invention arranges multiple sub-channels 5 in parallel, and each sub-channel 5 is a Z-shaped flow channel, which not only makes the flow of coolant in the liquid-cooling channel more uniform, that is, improves the flow uniformity of the liquid-cooling channel, but also keeps the coolant temperature in the cooling channel consistent, thereby improving the cooling effect of the temperature-averaging heat sink on the power module, avoiding local overheating of the power module, and thus improving the working performance of the power module.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2, the diverter A6 includes two main channels A8, one above and one below. These two channels A8 converge at the water inlet 2 and communicate with it. Each main channel A8 is provided with multiple sub-channels A81, and the widths of the sub-channels A81 of the diverter A6 decrease from the top to the bottom toward the center. The center of the diverter A6, at the center of the two sub-channels A81, takes on a teardrop shape, with its tips pointing toward the water inlet 2.

[0039] As shown in Figure 2, the diverter B7 includes two upper and lower main channels B9. The two main channels B9 converge at the water inlet 2 and are connected to the water inlet 2. Each main channel B9 is provided with multiple sub-channels B91. The width of the multiple sub-channels B91 of the diverter B7 decreases from the upper and lower sides to the middle.

[0040] The width of the subchannels 5 decreases gradually from the top and bottom to the center, ensuring optimal distribution of the coolant. By properly setting the width reduction ratio of the subchannels 5, the coolant flows smoothly within the subchannels 5, resulting in more balanced heat dissipation. In this embodiment, the width of the subchannels 5 decreases gradually from the top and bottom to the center by 10% to 20%, but this is not limited to this value and should be set based on the heat dissipation performance of the power module.

[0041] It is easy to know that, without considering the compressibility of the fluid, at any moment, the amount of fluid flowing in and out of a channel should be equal. A narrow channel and a small flow area inevitably mean that the flow rate must be increased to meet the conservation requirement of the fluid volume in and out.

[0042] As shown in Figure 3, the cross-section of each sub-channel 5 is set to be smaller near the coolant inlet 2 to increase the flow rate of the coolant and reduce the heat transfer area between the coolant and the radiator, and the cross-section is set to be larger near the coolant outlet 3 to reduce the flow rate of the coolant and increase the heat transfer area between the coolant and the radiator. In this way, the coolant absorbs heat in the contraction section D near the water inlet 2 and enters the transition section E and the expansion section F. Then the flow rate of the coolant in the transition section E and the expansion section F slows down and the heat exchange area increases, making the heat exchange more sufficient.

[0043] In this way, the temperature difference between different areas of the entire module is smaller, solving the problem in the existing technology that the cooling flow channel is straight-through, the flow rate and heat exchange efficiency of the coolant continue to weaken as the walking path changes, resulting in inconsistent heat dissipation effect of the coolant at different positions of the power module, and excessive temperature difference in the junction temperature of the power module chip.

[0044] In this embodiment, the contraction section D and the expansion section F are smoothly connected by the transition section E. Both the contraction section D and the expansion section F are rectangular, and the transition section E is trapezoidal. Compared with the direct connection between the contraction section D and the expansion section F and the right angle connection, the design of adding the transition section E can reduce the flow resistance of the coolant.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connection between the contraction section, the transition section and the expansion section is set to an obtuse angle, which reduces the impact of the size change of the cooling channel on the flow of the coolant.

[0046] It is worth noting that the length ratio of the three flow passages of the contraction section D, transition section E and expansion section F in this embodiment is 1:1:1. This ratio is for illustration only and is not limited to this ratio. It needs to be set according to the heating performance of the power module.

[0047] Compared with the existing straight-through heat sink, the multi-channel 4-temperature uniform heat sink designed in the embodiment of the present invention was modeled and simulated. According to the simulation results, the maximum junction temperature of the chip was reduced to a certain extent, and the junction temperature difference between the power module chips was reduced by about 15%, thus proving that this heat sink has better uniform temperature heat dissipation performance.

[0048] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementations. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel temperature-averaging radiator, comprising a substrate (1), wherein two ends of the substrate (1) are respectively provided with a water inlet (2) and a water outlet (3), wherein: There is a water inlet (2) and a water outlet (3) between them. A multi-channel (4), wherein a coolant flows in the multi-channel (4); a plurality of sub-channels (5) arranged in parallel are provided in the multi-channel (4), wherein the coolant flows evenly in the sub-channels (5); A flow divider A (6), disposed between the multi-channel (4) and the water inlet (2), for connecting the two and achieving uniform distribution of the cooling liquid into the multi-channel (4); The flow divider B (7) is arranged between the multi-channel (4) and the water outlet (3) to connect the two and realize the reasonable collection of the cooling liquid in the multi-channel (4).

2. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the sub-channels (5) are arranged in parallel along the up-down direction; and a plurality of the sub-channels (5) extend along the front-back direction.

3. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow divider A (6) comprises two main flow channels A (8) symmetrically arranged in an upper and lower direction, wherein one side of the two main flow channels A (8) merges at the water inlet (2), and the other side is provided with a plurality of sub-flow channels A (81) connected in parallel with each other, wherein the number of the sub-flow channels A (81) matches the number of the sub-channels (5), and each of the sub-flow channels A (81) is connected to the corresponding sub-channel (5).

4. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow divider B (7) comprises two main flow channels B (9) symmetrically arranged in an upper and lower direction, one side of the two main flow channels B (9) merges at the water inlet (2), and the other side is provided with a plurality of sub-flow channels B (91) connected in parallel with each other, the number of the sub-flow channels B (91) is adapted to the number of the sub-channels (5), and each of the sub-flow channels B (91) is connected to the corresponding sub-channel (5).

5. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the sub-channels A (81) or the sub-channels B (91) is a Z-shaped channel structure, and a plurality of the sub-channels A (81) or the sub-channels B (91) on the same side are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction.

6. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The widths of the plurality of sub-channels A (81) decrease gradually from the upper and lower sides to the middle; the widths of the plurality of sub-channels B (91) decrease gradually from the upper and lower sides to the middle.

7. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the sub-channels A (81) or the sub-channels B (91) comprises a contraction section, a transition section and an expansion section which are arranged in sequence, wherein the contraction section is located near the water inlet (2), the expansion section is located near the water outlet (3), and the transition section is located in the middle, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the contraction section, the transition section and the expansion section gradually increase.

8. The multi-channel temperature radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the contraction section, the transition section and the expansion section is set at an obtuse angle.

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