Adaptive recognition method, adaptive recognition apparatus, bifacial photovoltaic system, and computer readable storage medium

Abstract

An adaptive recognition method, an adaptive recognition apparatus (100), a bifacial photovoltaic system, and a computer readable storage medium. The adaptive recognition method is used for the bifacial photovoltaic system, and the adaptive recognition method comprises: determining front-side total irradiance and back-side effective irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system on the basis of assumed ground reflectivity, and determining reference generated power on the basis of the front-side total irradiance and the back-side effective irradiance; acquiring real-time generated power; determining an error between the real-time generated power and the reference generated power; and when the error is smaller than or equal to a set threshold, determining that the assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity.

Description

Self-identification method, self-identification device, double-sided photovoltaic system and computer-readable storage medium

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This invention claims priority and benefits from patent application number 202311769238.6 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on December 20, 2023, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and more specifically, to a self-identification method, a self-identification device, a double-sided photovoltaic system, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0004] For bifacial photovoltaic systems, the reflectivity of the ground within the power plant site has a significant impact on its power generation. Ground reflectivity varies significantly across different scenarios, such as snow, grass, and sand, and is also highly dependent on the season, making it difficult to accurately estimate ground reflectivity. In related technologies, a table can be used to define the site's ground reflectivity based on the ground scene within the power plant site. The tracking angle is then determined based on the ground reflectivity to achieve optimal power generation. However, this table lookup method is not suitable for photovoltaic power plants with long operating cycles. This makes it impossible for the bifacial photovoltaic power generation system in the photovoltaic power plant to promptly identify the ground reflectivity, resulting in an inability to adjust to the optimal power generation state in a timely manner.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention provide a self-identification method, a self-identification device, a double-sided photovoltaic system, and a computer-readable storage medium.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a self-identification method, which is used for a bifacial photovoltaic system. The bifacial photovoltaic system includes a tracking bracket, which is used to change the tracking angle of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The self-identification method includes: setting an assumed ground reflectivity; determining the total front irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; calculating the effective back irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired back shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system; determining a reference power generation power based on the total front irradiation and the effective back irradiation; obtaining the real-time power generation power of the bifacial photovoltaic system; determining the error between the real-time power generation power and the reference power generation power; and when the error is less than or equal to a set threshold, determining the assumed ground reflectivity to be the actual ground reflectivity.

[0008] In this way, the total front irradiance and the total back irradiance are determined by assuming the ground reflectivity, and then the reference power generation is determined based on the total front irradiance and the total back irradiance. Then, the real-time power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is obtained, and the error between the reference power generation and the real-time power generation is compared with the set threshold. When the error is less than or equal to the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be the actual ground reflectivity, thereby realizing the adaptive recognition of the ground reflectivity by the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0009] In some embodiments, determining the total front irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity includes: obtaining the total horizontal irradiance and the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; determining the ground reflected radiation received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity, the total horizontal irradiance and the cosine value of the real-time tracking angle; determining the direct front radiation and the scattered front radiation received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system; and summing the direct front radiation, the scattered front radiation and the reflected front radiation to determine the total front irradiance.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the front direct radiation and front scattered radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system includes: obtaining the total horizontal plane irradiance, the direct horizontal plane radiation, the scattered horizontal plane radiation, the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket, the solar incidence angle of the surface of the bifacial photovoltaic system, the solar irradiance, and the conversion factor of the direct irradiance; determining the front direct radiation based on the horizontal plane direct radiation and the cosine value of the solar incidence angle; determining the front scattered radiation based on the horizontal plane direct radiation, the total horizontal plane irradiance, the scattered horizontal plane radiation, the real-time tracking angle, the solar incidence angle, the solar irradiance and the conversion factor.

[0011] In some embodiments, the back effective irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system is calculated based on the acquired back side shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system, including: determining the total back side irradiance received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; obtaining the back side shading rate and the scattered radiation absorption rate, the back side shading rate is used to characterize the shading caused by the tracking bracket to the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system, and the scattered radiation absorption rate is used to represent the scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system to the received reflected radiation; determining the back effective irradiance based on the back side shading rate, the scattered radiation absorption rate and the total back side irradiance.

[0012] In some embodiments, determining the total back irradiance received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity includes: determining the back reflected radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; determining the atmospheric scattered radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system; and determining the total back irradiance based on the sum of the back reflected radiation and the atmospheric scattered radiation.

[0013] In some embodiments, there are multiple bifacial photovoltaic systems, and the back-reflected radiation received by the back of the bifacial photovoltaic system includes ground reflected radiation and adjacent reflected radiation, and the adjacent reflected radiation is the reflected radiation of the front of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system. The determining of the back-reflected radiation received by the back of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity includes: obtaining the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the viewing angle of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial component, the viewing angle of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial component, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system, and the viewing angle of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system to the back of the current bifacial photovoltaic system; determining the ground reflected radiation based on the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the viewing angle of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial component, and the viewing angle of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial component; and determining the adjacent reflected radiation based on the total front irradiance, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system, and the viewing angle of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system to the back of the current bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0014] In some embodiments, determining the atmospheric scattered radiation received on the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system includes: obtaining horizontal plane scattered radiation; obtaining the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; and determining the atmospheric scattered radiation based on the horizontal plane scattered radiation and the cosine value of the real-time tracking angle.

[0015] In some embodiments, the self-identification method further includes: when the error is greater than a set threshold, resetting the assumed ground reflectivity, wherein the re-set assumed ground reflectivity is different from the previously set assumed ground reflectivity.

[0016] In some embodiments, the self-identification method further includes: determining a target tracking angle based on the actual ground reflectivity, and when the bifacial photovoltaic system is at the target tracking angle, the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is a first power generation, the first power generation is greater than a second power generation, and the second power generation is used to represent the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system when it is at other tracking angles other than the target tracking angle.

[0017] In some embodiments, determining the target tracking angle based on the actual ground reflectivity includes: determining a reference total irradiance range based on the actual ground reflectivity and a preset tracking angle range, the preset tracking angle range including multiple preset tracking angles, the reference total irradiance range including multiple reference total irradiances, one reference total irradiance being obtained based on one preset tracking angle and the actual ground reflectivity; determining the maximum reference total irradiance in the reference total irradiance range as the target total irradiance, and the preset tracking angle corresponding to the target total irradiance being the target tracking angle.

[0018] An embodiment of the present invention provides a self-identification device for a bifacial photovoltaic system, the self-identification device including a setting module, a first determination module, a second determination module, a third determination module, an acquisition module, a fourth determination module and a fifth determination module, the setting module being used to set an assumed ground reflectivity; the first determination module being used to determine the total front irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; the second determination module being used to calculate the effective back irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired back shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system; the third determination module being used to determine a reference power generation power based on the total front irradiance and the effective back irradiance; the acquisition module being used to acquire the real-time power generation power of the bifacial photovoltaic system; the fourth determination module being used to determine the error between the real-time power generation power and the reference power generation power; and the fifth determination module being used to determine the assumed ground reflectivity as the actual ground reflectivity when the error is less than or equal to a set threshold.

[0019] An embodiment of the present invention provides a bifacial photovoltaic system, which includes one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the self-identification method of any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the self-identification method of any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a self-identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a first determination module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a second determination submodule according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] 7 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a second determination module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] 9 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a fourth determination submodule according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] 11 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a fourth determining unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] 13 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a fifth determining unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] 15 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a self-identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] 17 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a self-identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] FIG19 is a schematic flow chart of a self-identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a sixth determination module according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Implementations of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] For bifacial photovoltaic systems, the reflectivity of the ground within the power plant site has a significant impact on its power generation. Ground reflectivity varies significantly across different scenarios, such as snow, grass, and sand, and is also highly dependent on the season, making it difficult to accurately estimate ground reflectivity. In related technologies, a table can be used to define the site's ground reflectivity based on the ground scene within the power plant site. The tracking angle is then determined based on the ground reflectivity to achieve optimal power generation. However, this table lookup method is not suitable for photovoltaic power plants with long operating cycles. This makes it impossible for the bifacial photovoltaic power generation system in the photovoltaic power plant to promptly identify the ground reflectivity, resulting in an inability to adjust to the optimal power generation state in a timely manner.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-identification method for a bifacial photovoltaic system. The bifacial photovoltaic system includes a tracking bracket, which is used to change the tracking angle of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The self-identification method includes:

[0046] 01: Set the assumed ground reflectivity;

[0047] 02: Determine the total frontal irradiance of a bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity;

[0048] 03: Based on the obtained backside shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system, calculate the effective backside irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The backside shading rate is used to represent the shading caused by the tracking bracket on the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The scattered radiation absorption rate is used to represent the scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system to the received reflected radiation.

[0049] 04: Determine the reference power generation based on the total front irradiation and the effective back irradiation;

[0050] 05: Obtain the real-time power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system;

[0051] 06: Determine the error between the real-time power generation and the reference power generation;

[0052] 07: When the error is less than or equal to the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be the actual ground reflectivity.

[0053] Specifically, referring to FIG2 , the self-identification method of the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented by the self-identification device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention. The self-identification device includes a setting module 10, a first determination module 20, a second determination module 30, a third determination module 40, an acquisition module 50, a fourth determination module 60, and a fifth determination module 70. The setting module 10 can be used to set the assumed ground reflectivity; the first determination module 20 can be used to determine the total front irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; the second determination module 30 can be used to calculate the back shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired back shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The effective back irradiation of the photovoltaic system, the back shading rate is used to characterize the shading caused by the tracking bracket to the back of the bifacial photovoltaic system, and the scattered irradiation absorption rate is used to represent the scattered irradiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system to the received reflected radiation; the third determination module 40 can be used to determine the reference power generation power based on the total front irradiation and the effective back irradiation; the acquisition module 50 can be used to obtain the real-time power generation power of the bifacial photovoltaic system; the fourth determination module 60 can be used to determine the error between the real-time power generation power and the reference power generation power; the fifth determination module 70 can be used to determine that the assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity when the error is less than or equal to the set threshold.

[0054] Since the photovoltaic system's generated power P is strongly correlated with the total irradiance received, which includes the front total irradiance POA_global and the rear effective irradiance Er,real, and the front total irradiance POA_global and rear effective irradiance Er,real of a bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined based on the ground reflectivity, the reference generated power of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity. The assumed ground reflectivity can range from 1% to 100%. The reference generated power is determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity, and the real-time generated power of the bifacial photovoltaic system is then obtained. The real-time generated power can be obtained within a set time period, and the average of the real-time generated power per minute is taken as the generated power for that minute. The set time period can be 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, etc. This embodiment uses a set time period of 4 hours as an example, meaning that the obtained real-time generated power includes 240 values. The reference power generation power determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity may also include 240 values, representing the reference power generation power for each minute within a four-hour period. Whether the reference power generation power within the four-hour period is close to the real-time power generation power can be determined based on the magnitude of the error between the reference power generation power and the real-time power generation power. The error may be a root mean square error. When the root mean square error is less than or equal to a set threshold, the reference power generation power determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be consistent with the real-time power generation power, thereby determining that the assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity.

[0055] In this way, the total front irradiance and the total back irradiance are determined by assuming the ground reflectivity, and then the reference power generation is determined based on the total front irradiance and the total back irradiance. Then, the real-time power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is obtained, and the error between the reference power generation and the real-time power generation is compared with the set threshold. When the error is less than or equal to the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be the actual ground reflectivity, thereby realizing the adaptive recognition of the ground reflectivity by the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 3 , in some embodiments, step 02 (determining the total frontal irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on an assumed ground reflectivity) includes:

[0057] 021: Get the total horizontal irradiance and the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket. The real-time tracking angle is the tracking bracket angle of the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0058] 022: Determine the ground reflected radiation received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity, total horizontal irradiance and real-time tracking angle;

[0059] 023: Determine the front direct radiation and front diffuse radiation received by the front side of a bifacial photovoltaic system;

[0060] 024: Sum the front direct radiation, front diffuse radiation, and front reflected radiation to determine the total front irradiance.

[0061] Specifically, referring to Figure 4, step 021 can be implemented by the first acquisition submodule 21 of the first determination module 20, step 022 can be implemented by the first determination submodule 22 of the first determination module 20, step 023 can be implemented by the second determination submodule 23 of the first determination module 20, and step 024 can be implemented by the third determination submodule 24 of the first determination module 20. That is, the first acquisition submodule 21 can be used to obtain the total horizontal plane irradiation and the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; the first determination submodule 22 can be used to determine the ground reflected radiation based on the assumed ground reflectivity, the total horizontal plane irradiation and the real-time tracking angle; the second determination submodule 23 can be used to determine the front direct radiation and the front scattered radiation received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system; the third determination submodule 24 can be used to sum the front direct radiation, the front scattered radiation and the front reflected radiation to determine the total front irradiation.

[0062] Where, the ground reflectivity ρ gThe ground reflected radiation POA_ground_diffuse received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined, and then the front direct radiation POA_direct and the front scattered radiation POA_sky__diffuse received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined. The sum of the front direct radiation, the front scattered radiation and the front reflected radiation can be determined by the front total irradiation model to determine the front total irradiation POA_global: POA_global=POA_direct+POA_sky_diffuse+POA_ground_diffuse

[0063] In addition, the bifacial photovoltaic system consists of bifacial components and tracking brackets. The tracking brackets are used to change the angles of the bifacial components to obtain the maximum irradiance. The bifacial photovoltaic system obtains the real-time total horizontal irradiance GHI, and takes the average of the total horizontal irradiance GHI obtained every minute as the total horizontal irradiance GHI of the minute, and records the total horizontal irradiance GHI of each minute within the set time, that is, a total of 240 minutes of total horizontal irradiance GHI is obtained, and the obtained total horizontal irradiance GHI includes 240 values; at the same time, the real-time tracking angle Gs of the tracking bracket is obtained, and the real-time tracking angle Gs obtained every minute is taken as the real-time tracking angle Gs of the minute, and the real-time tracking angle Gs of each minute within the set time is recorded, that is, a total of 240 minutes of real-time tracking angle Gs within 4 hours is obtained, and the obtained real-time tracking angle Gs includes 240 values; based on the assumed ground reflectivity ρ g , total horizontal irradiance GHI and real-time tracking angle Gs to calculate ground reflected radiation POA_ground_diffuse:

[0064] Since the obtained total horizontal irradiance GHI includes 240 values ​​and the obtained tracking angle Gs also includes 240 values, the determined ground reflected radiation POA_ground_diffuse also includes 240 values, that is, the ground reflected radiation POA_ground_diffuse every minute within 4 hours.

[0065] In this way, the ground reflected irradiance received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system is determined by the ground reflectivity, and then the front direct radiation and front scattered radiation received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system are determined. By summing the ground reflected radiation, front direct radiation and front scattered radiation, the total front irradiance can be determined.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 5 , in some embodiments, step 023 (determining the front direct radiation and the front diffuse radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system) includes:

[0067] 0231: Obtain total horizontal irradiation, direct horizontal radiation, scattered horizontal radiation, real-time tracking angle of tracking bracket, solar incidence angle on the surface of bifacial photovoltaic system, solar irradiance, and conversion factor of direct irradiance;

[0068] 0232: Determine the frontal direct radiation based on the horizontal direct radiation and the cosine value of the solar incidence angle;

[0069] 0233: Determine the front diffuse radiation based on the horizontal direct radiation, horizontal total irradiance, horizontal diffuse radiation, real-time tracking angle, solar incidence angle, solar irradiance and conversion factor. The real-time tracking angle is the tracking bracket angle of the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0070] Specifically, referring to Figure 6, step 0231 can be implemented by the first determination unit 231 of the second determination submodule 23, step 0232 can be implemented by the second determination unit 232 of the second determination submodule 23, and step 0233 can be implemented by the third determination unit 233 of the second determination submodule 23, that is, the first determination unit 231 can be used to obtain the total horizontal irradiation, direct horizontal radiation, scattered horizontal radiation, the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket, the solar incidence angle of the surface of the bifacial photovoltaic system, the solar irradiance, and the conversion factor of the direct irradiance; the second determination unit 232 can be used to determine the front direct radiation based on the direct horizontal radiation and the cosine value of the solar incidence angle; the third determination unit 233 can be used to determine the front scattered radiation based on the direct horizontal radiation, the total horizontal irradiation, the scattered horizontal radiation, the real-time tracking angle, the solar incidence angle, the solar irradiance and the conversion factor, where the real-time tracking angle is the tracking bracket angle of the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0071] The bifacial PV system obtains real-time direct horizontal radiation (DNI), averages the direct horizontal radiation DNI obtained each minute, and records the direct horizontal radiation DNI for each minute within a set duration. That is, the direct horizontal radiation DNI for a total of 240 minutes within 4 hours is obtained, and the obtained direct horizontal radiation DNI includes 240 values. The solar incidence angle aoi of the bifacial components of the bifacial PV system is then obtained, and the average of the solar incidence angle aoi for each minute within 4 hours is recorded. That is, the obtained solar incidence angle aoi also includes 240 values. The front direct radiation POA_direct is determined based on the obtained direct horizontal radiation DNI and the solar incidence angle aoi of the bifacial PV system: POA_direct = DNI cos(aoi)

[0072] In addition, since the acquired horizontal plane direct radiation DNI and the solar incidence angle aoi of the surface of the bifacial photovoltaic system each include 240 values, the determined front direct radiation POA_direct also includes 240 values, that is, the front direct radiation POA_direct every minute within 4 hours.

[0073] In addition, the bifacial photovoltaic system obtains real-time horizontal scattered radiation DHI, and takes the average of the horizontal scattered radiation DHI obtained every minute as the horizontal scattered radiation DHI for that minute, and records the horizontal scattered radiation DHI every minute within the set time, that is, the horizontal scattered radiation DHI for a total of 240 minutes within 4 hours is obtained, and the obtained horizontal scattered radiation DHI includes 240 values; similarly, the horizontal direct radiation DNI and real-time tracking angle Gs for a total of 240 minutes within 4 hours are obtained, that is, the obtained horizontal direct radiation DNI and real-time tracking angle Gs each include 240 values. The front scattered radiation POA_sky_diffuse received by the front of the bifacial photovoltaic system is determined based on the horizontal direct radiation DNI, horizontal scattered radiation DHI, and real-time tracking angle Gs:

[0074] Where G k is the solar irradiance on the upper boundary of the Earth’s atmosphere, R b is the conversion factor of direct irradiance:

[0075] Where N d is the accumulated day, and H is the solar altitude angle. Since the acquired horizontal direct radiation DNI, horizontal diffuse radiation DHI, and real-time tracking angle Gs each include 240 values, the determined frontal direct radiation POA_direct also includes 240 values, that is, the frontal direct radiation POA_sky_diffuse every minute within 4 hours.

[0076] In this way, the direct front radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined by the direct horizontal radiation and the solar incidence angle on the surface of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The direct front radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined by the direct horizontal radiation, the scattered horizontal radiation and the real-time tracking angle. Moreover, by collecting the direct horizontal radiation, the solar incidence angle, the direct horizontal radiation, the scattered horizontal radiation and the real-time tracking angle within the set time period, the direct front radiation and the scattered front radiation within the set time period can be determined.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 7 , in certain embodiments, step 03 (calculating the effective backside irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired backside shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system) includes:

[0078] 031: Determine the total backside irradiance received by the backside of a bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity;

[0079] 032: Obtain the backside shielding rate and scattered radiation absorption rate. The backside shielding rate is used to characterize the shielding caused by the tracking bracket on the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The scattered radiation absorption rate is used to represent the scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system to the received reflected radiation.

[0080] 033: Determine the back effective irradiance based on the back shielding rate, scattered radiation absorption rate and back total irradiance.

[0081] Specifically, referring to Figure 8, step 031 can be implemented by the fourth determination submodule 31 of the second determination module 30, step 031 can be implemented by the second acquisition submodule 32 of the second determination module 30, and step 033 can be implemented by the fifth determination submodule 33 of the second determination module 30, that is, the fourth determination submodule 31 can be used to determine the total back irradiance received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; the second acquisition submodule 32 can be used to obtain the back side shading rate and the scattered radiation absorption rate; the fifth determination submodule 33 can be used to determine the effective back side irradiance based on the product of the difference between the number one and the back side shading rate, the scattered radiation absorption rate and the total back side irradiance.

[0082] According to the assumed ground reflectivity, the total back irradiance E received by the back of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined. r However, since the tracking bracket will block the back of the bifacial module to a certain extent, the back of the bifacial module cannot fully receive the radiation. Therefore, it is necessary to subtract the radiation of the blocked part from the total radiation on the back. The back shading rate K of the tracking bracket can be used to calculate the back shading rate. r Calculate the back occlusion rate K r It can be derived from experiments based on the back ray tracing model, which can be used to test the back irradiation distribution. In addition, since the total back irradiation received by the back of the bifacial module is composed of reflected radiation from multiple surfaces, such as the reflected radiation from the ground and the reflected radiation from the front of the adjacent bifacial module, and the spectrum of these reflected radiations is inconsistent with the solar spectrum, the bifacial photovoltaic system cannot completely absorb them and convert them into electrical energy. The scattered radiation absorption rate is α r , scattered radiation absorption rate α r Less than 1, scattered radiation absorption rate α r It can be determined by the mismatch calculation model. According to the total back irradiance, back shading rate and scattered irradiance absorption rate, the effective back irradiance E of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined. r,real : E r,real =E r α r ·(1-κ r )

[0083] Since the total back irradiance E r Contains 240 values, so the backside effective irradiance E r,real It also includes 240 values, representing the effective backside irradiance of a bifacial PV system every minute over a 4-hour period.

[0084] In this way, the back-shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate can be used to determine the shading effect of the tracking bracket on the bifacial module, and the actual absorption of reflected radiation by the back of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined, thereby determining the effective back-side irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0085] Referring to FIG. 9 , in some embodiments, step 031 (determining the total backside irradiance received by the backside of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity) includes:

[0086] 0311: Determine the back-reflected radiation received by the back side of a bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity;

[0087] 0312: Determine the atmospheric diffuse radiation received by the back side of a bifacial photovoltaic system;

[0088] 0313: Determine the total backside irradiance based on the sum of backside reflected radiation and atmospheric scattered radiation.

[0089] Specifically, referring to Figure 10, step 0311 can be implemented by the fourth determination unit 311 of the fourth determination submodule 31, step 0312 can be implemented by the fifth determination unit 312 of the fourth determination submodule 31, and step 0313 can be implemented by the sixth determination unit 313 of the fourth determination submodule 31, that is, the fourth determination unit 311 can be used to determine the back reflected radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the assumed ground reflectivity; the fifth determination unit 312 can be used to determine the atmospheric scattered radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system; and the sixth determination unit 313 can be used to determine the total back irradiance based on the sum of the back reflected radiation and the atmospheric scattered radiation.

[0090] Among them, the reflected radiation E received by the back of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity. r,r , and determine the atmospheric scattered radiation E received by the back dh,r , thus according to the reflected radiation E r,r and atmospheric scattered radiation E dh,r Able to determine the total backside irradiance E r : E r =E r,r +E dh,r

[0091] In this way, the reflected radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity, and the total back side irradiance can be determined based on the reflected radiation and the atmospheric scattered radiation.

[0092] Referring to FIG. 11 , in some embodiments, there are multiple bifacial photovoltaic systems. The backside reflected radiation received by the backside of each bifacial photovoltaic system includes ground reflected radiation and neighboring reflected radiation. The neighboring reflected radiation is reflected radiation from the front sides of adjacent bifacial photovoltaic systems. Step 0311 (determining the backside reflected radiation received by the backside of each bifacial photovoltaic system based on an assumed ground reflectivity) includes:

[0093] 03111: Obtains the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadowed area, the area of ​​the ground shadowed area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the view factor of the ground non-shadowed area to the back of the bifacial module, the view factor of the ground shadowed area to the back of the bifacial module, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial PV system, and the view factor of the adjacent bifacial PV system to the back of the current bifacial PV system.

[0094] 03112: Determine the ground reflected radiation based on the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the view factor of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial module, and the view factor of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial module;

[0095] 03113: Determine the adjacent reflected radiation based on the total front irradiance, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial PV system, and the view factor of the adjacent bifacial PV system to the back of the current bifacial PV system.

[0096] Specifically, referring to FIG12 , step 03111 can be implemented by the first obtaining subunit 3111 of the fourth determining unit 311, step 03112 can be implemented by the first determining subunit 3112 of the fourth determining unit 311, and step 03113 can be implemented by the second determining subunit 3113 of the fourth determining unit 311. That is, the first obtaining subunit 3111 can be used to obtain the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the viewing angle coefficient of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial module, the viewing angle coefficient of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial module, The reflectivity of adjacent bifacial photovoltaic systems and the viewing angle coefficient of adjacent bifacial photovoltaic systems to the back of the current bifacial photovoltaic system; the first determination subunit 3112 can be used to determine the ground reflected radiation based on the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the viewing angle coefficient of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial component, and the viewing angle coefficient of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial component; the second determination subunit 3113 can be used to determine the adjacent reflected radiation based on the total front irradiation, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic systems and the viewing angle coefficient of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic systems to the back of the current bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0097] Among them, the ground reflected radiation E received by the back of the bifacial module of the bifacial photovoltaic system is ground,r There are two types of ground reflected radiation: one is the reflected radiation from the shadow area of ​​the ground, and the other is the reflected radiation from the non-shadow area of ​​the ground. The reflected radiation from the shadow area of ​​the ground can be calculated by the horizontal plane diffuse irradiance DHI, and the reflected radiation from the non-shadow area of ​​the ground can be calculated by the horizontal plane total irradiance GHI. Therefore, the ground reflected radiation E received by the back of the bifacial module is ground,r According to the visual coefficient method and the assumed ground reflectivity ρ g , horizontal scattered irradiance DHI and horizontal total irradiance GHI are determined:

[0098] Where A ush Indicates the area of ​​the non-shadow area on the ground; A sh Indicates the ground shadow area; A n Represents the area of ​​the entire modeling area; VF ush VF represents the viewing angle factor of the non-shadow area on the surface to the back of the bifacial module; sh Indicates the viewing angle factor of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial module. m,r It can be determined based on the total front irradiance POA_global of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system: m,r =ρ m ·POA_global·VF m

[0099] Where, ρ m VF is the reflectivity of the front surface of the adjacent bifacial module; m is the viewing angle factor between the adjacent bifacial modules and the back surface. ush 、VF sh 、VF m , both represent the percentage of irradiance from the reflecting surface to the receiving surface, and are calculated using the view factor model cross-line method. In addition, both can obtain the horizontal scattered irradiance DHI and the horizontal total irradiance GHI within a set time period to obtain the horizontal scattered irradiance DHI and the horizontal total irradiance GHI every minute within 4 hours, thereby determining the ground reflected radiation E every minute within 4 hours. ground,r and adjacent reflected radiation E m,r Radiation E scattered by the atmosphere dh,r , ground reflected radiation E ground,r and adjacent reflected radiation E m,r Able to determine the total back radiation E r : E r =E ground,r +E dh,r +E m,r

[0100] In addition, the ground reflected radiation E can be determined within a set time period ground,r and adjacent reflected radiation E m,r , to obtain the ground reflected radiation E every minute within 4 hours ground,r and adjacent reflected radiation E m,r , and then combined with the atmospheric scattered radiation E dh,r Determine the total backside irradiance E per minute for 4 hours r .

[0101] In this way, the total back radiation can be determined by atmospheric scattered radiation, ground reflected radiation and adjacent reflected radiation; and by determining the atmospheric scattered radiation, ground reflected radiation and adjacent reflected radiation within a set time period, the total back radiation within a set time period can be determined.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 13 , in some embodiments, step 0312 (determining the atmospheric scattered radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system) includes:

[0103] 03121: Get horizontal surface scattered radiation;

[0104] 03122: Get the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket;

[0105] 03123: Determine the atmospheric scattered radiation based on the horizontal scattered radiation and the cosine of the real-time tracking angle.

[0106] Specifically, referring to Figure 14, step 03121 can be implemented by the second acquisition subunit 3121 of the fifth determination unit 312, step 0312 can be implemented by the third acquisition subunit 3122 of the fifth determination unit 312, and step 03123 can be implemented by the third determination subunit 3123 of the fifth determination unit 312, that is, the second acquisition subunit 3121 can be used to acquire horizontal plane scattered radiation; the third acquisition subunit 3122 can be used to acquire the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; the third determination subunit 3123 can be used to determine the atmospheric scattered radiation based on the horizontal plane scattered radiation and the cosine value of the real-time tracking angle.

[0107] Among them, the atmospheric scattered radiation E dh,r It can be determined by obtaining the horizontal scattered irradiance DHI and the tracking angle Gs of the tracking bracket:

[0108] In addition, the horizontal scattered irradiance DHI and the tracking angle Gs of the tracking bracket can be obtained within the set time (4 hours) to obtain the horizontal scattered irradiance DHI and the tracking angle Gs of the tracking bracket every minute in 4 hours, thereby determining the atmospheric scattered radiation E every minute in 4 hours. dh,r .

[0109] In this way, the atmospheric scattered radiation can be determined based on the horizontal plane scattered radiation and the real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; and by determining the atmospheric scattered radiation within a set time period, the back total radiation within the set time period can be determined.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 15 , in certain embodiments, the power generation components of the bifacial photovoltaic system include crystalline silicon, and step 04 (determining the reference power generation power based on the total front irradiation and the effective back irradiation) includes:

[0111] 041: The reference power generation power is determined based on the crystalline silicon power generation principle model and the total irradiation. The total irradiation is determined based on the total front irradiation and the effective back irradiation.

[0112] Specifically, referring to FIG16 , step 041 can be implemented by the sixth determining submodule 41 of the third determining module 40. That is, the sixth determining submodule 41 can be used to determine the reference power generation power according to the crystalline silicon power generation principle model and the total irradiation. The relationship between the power generation power P and the total irradiation is the relationship between the power generation power P and the front total irradiation POA_global and the back effective irradiation E r,real The relationship between the power generation power P and the total front irradiation POA_global and the effective back irradiation E r,real The relationship can be expressed as: P = f (POA_global, E r,real )

[0113] Since the power generation components of the bifacial photovoltaic system include crystalline silicon, the power generation principle of the bifacial photovoltaic system is similar to the crystalline silicon power generation principle model. Based on the crystalline silicon power generation principle model, the instantaneous reference power generation power of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be calculated according to the real-time total irradiation.

[0114] In this way, the reference power generation power can be determined through the crystalline silicon power generation model and the real-time total irradiation.

[0115] Referring to FIG. 17 , in some embodiments, the self-identification method further includes:

[0116] 08: When the error is greater than the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is reset. The reset assumed ground reflectivity is different from the previously set assumed ground reflectivity.

[0117] Specifically, referring to Figure 18, step 08 can be implemented by the reset module 80 of the self-identification device 100, that is, the reset module 80 can be used to reset the assumed ground reflectivity when the error is greater than the set threshold, and the reset assumed ground reflectivity is different from the assumed ground reflectivity set last time.

[0118] Among them, if the error between the reference generated power and the real-time generated power is greater than a set threshold, it means that the reference generated power determined based on the assumed ground reflectivity is inconsistent with the real-time generated power, that is, the assumed ground reflectivity is inconsistent with the actual ground reflectivity. Therefore, a new assumed ground reflectivity is reset and the self-identification method of the present invention is re-executed, that is, steps 01 to 07 are repeated to determine whether the newly set assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity. This process is repeated until the error is less than or equal to the set value, thereby determining that the set assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity.

[0119] In this way, if the error is greater than the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is wrong, so the assumed ground reflectivity is reset until it is determined that the set assumed ground reflectivity is the actual reflectivity.

[0120] Referring to FIG. 17 , in some embodiments, the self-identification method further includes:

[0121] 09: The target tracking angle is determined based on the actual ground reflectivity. When the bifacial PV system is at the target tracking angle, the power generation of the bifacial PV system is the first power generation. The first power generation is greater than the second power generation. The second power generation is used to represent the power generation of the bifacial PV system at tracking angles other than the target tracking angle.

[0122] Specifically, referring to FIG. 18 , step 09 can be implemented by the sixth determination module 90 of the self-identification device 100 . That is, the sixth determination module 90 can be used to determine the target tracking angle based on the actual ground reflectivity. When the bifacial photovoltaic system is at the target tracking angle, the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is a first power generation, where the first power generation is greater than a second power generation. The second power generation is used to represent the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system at tracking angles other than the target tracking angle. After determining that the assumed ground reflectivity is correct, that is, the assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity, the target tracking angle corresponding to the maximum power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system can be determined based on the actual ground reflectivity. When the bifacial photovoltaic system is at the target tracking angle, the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is greater than the power generation at other tracking angles, that is, the target tracking angle is the optimal tracking angle.

[0123] In this way, the target tracking angle when the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is maximized can be determined based on the determined actual ground reflectivity, so that the bifacial photovoltaic system can adaptively identify the ground reflectivity and thus determine the optimal tracking angle to obtain the maximum power generation.

[0124] Referring to FIG. 19 , in some embodiments, step 09 (determining the target tracking angle based on the actual ground reflectivity) includes:

[0125] 091: Determine a reference total irradiance range based on the actual ground reflectivity and the preset tracking angle range. The preset tracking angle range includes multiple preset tracking angles. The reference total irradiance range includes multiple reference total irradiances. A reference total irradiance is obtained based on a preset tracking angle and the actual ground reflectivity.

[0126] 092: Determine the maximum reference total exposure in the reference total exposure range as the target total exposure, and the preset tracking angle corresponding to the target total exposure as the target tracking angle.

[0127] Specifically, please refer to Figure 20. Step 091 can be implemented by the seventh determination submodule 91 of the sixth determination module 90, and step 092 can be implemented by the eighth determination submodule 92 of the sixth determination module 90. That is, the seventh determination submodule 91 can be used to determine the reference total irradiation range based on the actual ground reflectivity and the preset tracking angle range. The preset tracking angle range includes multiple preset tracking angles, and the reference total irradiation range includes multiple reference total irradiations. A reference total irradiation is obtained based on a preset tracking angle and the actual ground reflectivity; the eighth determination submodule 92 can be used to determine the maximum reference total irradiation in the reference total irradiation range as the target total irradiation, and the preset tracking angle corresponding to the target total irradiation is the target tracking angle.

[0128] The preset tracking angle range can be -45° to 45°, meaning the preset tracking angle range is 180 degrees. Adjacent preset tracking angles are separated by 0.5°, meaning the preset tracking angle range includes 360 preset tracking angles. The reference total irradiance corresponding to the preset tracking angles is calculated based on the actual ground reflectivity and the preset tracking angles to obtain a reference total irradiance range. The maximum reference total irradiance within the reference total irradiance range is the target total irradiance, and the preset tracking angle corresponding to the target total irradiance is the target tracking angle. When the bifacial photovoltaic system is at the target tracking angle, it receives the maximum total irradiance and achieves maximum power generation, resulting in optimal power generation.

[0129] In this way, the bifacial photovoltaic system determines the reference total irradiation by using the preset tracking angle and the actual ground reflectivity within the preset tracking angle range to determine the reference total irradiation range, and determines the maximum reference total irradiation within the reference total irradiation range as the target total irradiation, thereby determining the preset tracking angle corresponding to the target total irradiation as the target tracking angle, so that the bifacial photovoltaic system can adaptively identify the target tracking angle, obtain the maximum power generation at the target tracking angle, and achieve the best power generation effect.

[0130] The present invention provides a double-sided photovoltaic system, which includes one or more processors and memories. The memories store computer programs, and when the computer programs are executed by the processors, the steps of any one of the above-mentioned self-identification methods are implemented.

[0131] In this way, the reference power generation power is determined by assuming the ground reflectivity, and then the real-time power generation power of the bifacial photovoltaic system is obtained. The error between the reference power generation power and the real-time power generation power is compared with the set threshold. When the error is less than or equal to the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be the actual ground reflectivity, thereby realizing the adaptive recognition of the ground reflectivity by the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0132] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of any one of the above-mentioned self-identification methods are implemented.

[0133] In this way, the reference power generation power is determined by assuming the ground reflectivity, and then the real-time power generation power of the bifacial photovoltaic system is obtained. The error between the reference power generation power and the real-time power generation power is compared with the set threshold. When the error is less than or equal to the set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be the actual ground reflectivity, thereby realizing the adaptive recognition of the ground reflectivity by the bifacial photovoltaic system.

[0134] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Throughout this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, those skilled in the art may combine and integrate different embodiments or examples, as well as features of different embodiments or examples, described in this specification, unless they are mutually incompatible.

[0135] Furthermore, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can include fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can include direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific circumstances.

[0136] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0137] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0138] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-identification method for a bifacial photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The bifacial photovoltaic system includes a tracking bracket, and the tracking bracket is used to change the tracking angle of the bifacial photovoltaic system. The self-identification method includes: Set the assumed ground reflectivity; Determining the total front irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity; Calculating the back effective irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired back shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system; Determine a reference power generation power according to the front total irradiation and the back effective irradiation; Obtaining the real-time power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system; Determine the error between the real-time generated power and the reference generated power; When the error is less than or equal to a set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is determined to be the actual ground reflectivity.

2. The self-identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining the total front irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity comprises: Acquiring total horizontal plane irradiance and real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; Determining the ground reflected radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity, the total horizontal plane irradiance and the real-time tracking angle; Determining the front direct radiation and the front scattered radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system; The front direct radiation, the front scattered radiation and the front reflected radiation are summed to determine the front total irradiance.

3. The self-identification method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining of the front direct radiation and the front scattered radiation received by the front side of the bifacial photovoltaic system comprises: Obtaining total horizontal plane irradiation, direct horizontal plane radiation, scattered horizontal plane radiation, real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket, solar incident angle on the surface of the bifacial photovoltaic system, solar irradiance, and conversion factor of direct irradiance; Determine the front direct radiation according to the horizontal plane direct radiation and the cosine value of the solar incidence angle; The front scattered radiation is determined according to the horizontal plane direct radiation, the horizontal plane total irradiance, the horizontal plane scattered radiation, the real-time tracking angle, the solar incidence angle, the solar irradiance and the conversion factor.

4. The self-identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of calculating the effective backside irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired backside shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system comprises: Determining the total backside irradiance received by the backside of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity; Acquire the back side shielding rate and the scattered radiation absorption rate, wherein the back side shielding rate is used to characterize the shielding caused by the tracking bracket on the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system, and the scattered radiation absorption rate is used to represent the scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system to the received reflected radiation; The back side effective irradiance is determined according to the back side shielding rate, the scattered radiation absorption rate and the back side total irradiance.

5. The self-identification method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determining the total backside irradiance received by the backside of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity comprises: determining the backside reflected radiation received by the backside of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity; determining atmospheric scattered radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system; The back side total irradiance is determined according to the sum of the back side reflected radiation and the atmospheric scattered radiation.

6. The self-identification method according to claim 5, characterized in that: There are multiple bifacial photovoltaic systems, and the back side reflected radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system includes ground reflected radiation and adjacent reflected radiation, and the adjacent reflected radiation is reflected radiation from the front side of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system. The back side reflected radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity includes: Obtain ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the viewing angle factor of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial module, the viewing angle factor of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial module, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system, and the viewing angle factor of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system to the back of the current bifacial photovoltaic system; The method is determined according to the ground reflectivity, the area of ​​the ground non-shadow area, the area of ​​the ground shadow area, the area of ​​the modeling area, the viewing angle coefficient of the ground non-shadow area to the back of the bifacial module, and the viewing angle coefficient of the ground shadow area to the back of the bifacial module. Ground reflected radiation; The adjacent reflected radiation is determined according to the total front irradiance, the reflectivity of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system, and the viewing angle factor of the adjacent bifacial photovoltaic system to the back side of the current bifacial photovoltaic system.

7. The self-identification method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The determining of the atmospheric scattered radiation received by the back side of the bifacial photovoltaic system comprises: Obtain horizontal scattered radiation; Obtaining a real-time tracking angle of the tracking bracket; The atmospheric scattered radiation is determined according to the horizontal plane scattered radiation and the cosine value of the real-time tracking angle.

8. The self-identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-identification method further comprises: When the error is greater than a set threshold, the assumed ground reflectivity is reset, and the reset assumed ground reflectivity is different from the assumed ground reflectivity set last time.

9. The self-identification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-identification method further comprises: The target tracking angle is determined according to the actual ground reflectivity. When the bifacial photovoltaic system is at the target tracking angle, the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system is a first power generation. The first power generation is greater than a second power generation. The second power generation is used to represent the power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system when it is at other tracking angles except the target tracking angle.

10. The self-identification method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The determining the target tracking angle according to the actual ground reflectivity comprises: Determine a reference total irradiance range according to the actual ground reflectivity and a preset tracking angle range, wherein the preset tracking angle range includes a plurality of preset tracking angles, and the reference total irradiance range includes a plurality of reference total irradiances, wherein one reference total irradiance is obtained according to one of the preset tracking angles and the actual ground reflectivity; The maximum reference total radiation amount in the reference total radiation amount range is determined as the target total radiation amount, and the preset tracking angle corresponding to the target total radiation amount is the target tracking angle.

11. A self-identification device for a double-sided photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The self-identification device comprises: A setting module, the setting module is used to set an assumed ground reflectivity; A first determination module, the first determination module is used to determine the total front irradiance of the bifacial photovoltaic system according to the assumed ground reflectivity; A second determination module, the second determination module is used to calculate the back effective irradiation of the bifacial photovoltaic system based on the acquired back shading rate and scattered radiation absorption rate of the bifacial photovoltaic system; A third determination module, the third determination module is used to determine a reference power generation power according to the front total irradiation and the back effective irradiation; An acquisition module, the acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time power generation of the bifacial photovoltaic system; A fourth determination module, the fourth determination module is used to determine the error between the real-time generated power and the reference generated power; A fifth determination module, wherein the fifth determination module is used to determine that the assumed ground reflectivity is the actual ground reflectivity when the error is less than or equal to a set threshold.

12. A double-sided photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The bifacial photovoltaic system includes one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the self-identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the self-identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

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