Pultrusion-tube coiling forming method and system

Abstract

A pultrusion-tube coiling forming method and system. The pultrusion-tube coiling forming method comprises: rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll material; injecting and impregnating an epoxy resin into the carbon fiber roll material, and performing heating and curing to prepare a carbon fiber composite profile; performing pultrusion on the heated and cured profile into a carbon fiber composite tube body (11); laying an appearance layer prepreg (12) onto the tube body (11); wrapping a vacuum auxiliary material onto the appearance layer prepreg (12), and performing heating and curing; and post-treating the heated and cured tube body to manufacture a carbon fiber composite handrail (10). According to the pultrusion-tube coiling forming method, the forming process is simple, and the forming efficiency is high; and a good appearance effect of the handrail (10) can be achieved, and compared with a stainless steel handrail, the handrail (10) can increase the overall rigidity and strength, and achieves 30% of weight reduction.

Description

Pultrusion coil forming method and system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 20, 2023, with application number 202311764447.1 and invention name “A pultruded coiled tube forming method and system”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of handrail forming, and in particular to a pultrusion coil forming method and a pultrusion coil forming system using the pultrusion coil forming method. Background Art

[0003] Currently, rail vehicle interior handrails are typically manufactured from 304 stainless steel tubing with a spray-coated surface. During assembly, the handrails are welded to the top and bottom plates via mounting brackets. However, in developing the present invention, the inventors discovered that the prior art suffers from at least the following issues: The manufacturing process for handrails is complex, resulting in a heavy weight, and the metal handrails are prone to corrosion, significantly reducing their service life.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary for those skilled in the art to provide a pultrusion coil forming method in a timely manner that has a simple forming process, high forming efficiency, and can improve the overall stiffness and strength of the handrail and reduce the overall weight of the handrail. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a pultruded coiled tube forming method and system, which has a simple forming process and high forming efficiency, and can improve the overall stiffness and strength of the handrail and reduce the overall weight of the handrail.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present application provides a pultruded coiled tube forming method, comprising:

[0007] Rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll;

[0008] Injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and then heating and curing it to form a carbon fiber composite material profile;

[0009] Pultruding the heated and cured profile into a carbon fiber composite material tube;

[0010] Laying the appearance layer prepreg onto the pipe body;

[0011] Wrap the vacuum auxiliary material on the appearance layer prepreg and heat and cure it;

[0012] The heated and cured tube body is post-processed to produce a handrail made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0013] In some embodiments, before the step of rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll, the step includes:

[0014] The carbon fiber material is laid on a plurality of cloths to form a plurality of carbon fiber material layers, wherein the plurality of carbon fiber material layers include 1200 g quad-axial carbon fiber cloth, 1000 g unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and 1000 g quad-axial carbon fiber cloth.

[0015] In some embodiments, the steps of injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into a carbon fiber roll and heating and curing the roll to form a carbon fiber composite material profile include:

[0016] The mixed liquid of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin are injected and impregnated into the carbon fiber roll respectively;

[0017] The carbon fiber coil is heated and cured in three heating zones respectively, and the temperatures of the three heating zones increase in sequence.

[0018] In some embodiments, before the step of injecting and impregnating the mixed solution of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin into the carbon fiber roll respectively, the method further includes:

[0019] The injection temperature of the mixed liquid of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin is controlled below 60°C by water cooling equipment to reduce the viscosity of the epoxy resin to a preset low value.

[0020] In some embodiments, before the step of laying the exterior layer prepreg onto the tube body, the method further includes:

[0021] Laying the film on the outer surface of the pipe body;

[0022] Wrapping the tube body covered with the adhesive film with a first non-porous isolation film and vacuum compacting it;

[0023] The first non-porous separator is removed.

[0024] In some embodiments, after the step of laying the appearance layer prepreg on the tube body, the method further includes:

[0025] Check the surface condition of the prepreg material of the exterior layer on the tube body;

[0026] Confirm that the laying effect of the prepreg material of the exterior layer on the pipe body meets the preset requirements.

[0027] In some embodiments, the steps of wrapping the exterior layer prepreg with a vacuum auxiliary material and heating and curing the prepreg include:

[0028] Wrapping the tube body on which the exterior layer prepreg is laid with a second non-porous separator, and ensuring that the second non-porous separator is tightly attached to the exterior layer prepreg, with no exterior layer prepreg exposed;

[0029] A breathable felt and a vacuum bag are laid on the outside of the second non-porous isolation membrane, and vacuuming and heating and curing are performed.

[0030] The present application also provides a pultrusion coiled tube forming system, which adopts any of the pultrusion coiled tube forming methods described above, including a carbon fiber composite material tube body preparation mechanism and an appearance layer coiled tube curing mechanism, wherein the carbon fiber composite material tube body preparation mechanism includes:

[0031] A preforming mold is used to roll a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll;

[0032] A molding die assembly is used to inject and infiltrate epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and then heat and cure it to form a carbon fiber composite material profile;

[0033] A pultrusion module is used to pultrude the heated and cured profile into a carbon fiber composite material tube;

[0034] The exterior layer coil curing mechanism includes:

[0035] Appearance layer laying module, used for laying the appearance layer prepreg onto the tube body;

[0036] Appearance layer heating and curing module, used to wrap vacuum auxiliary materials on the appearance layer prepreg and heat and cure;

[0037] The post-processing module is used to post-process the heated and cured tube body to produce a handrail made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0038] In some embodiments, the forming die assembly includes:

[0039] Glue injection mold, used to inject and infiltrate epoxy resin into carbon fiber coils;

[0040] The forming mold is an integrated structure with the injection mold and is used to heat and cure the carbon fiber coil impregnated with epoxy resin to make a carbon fiber composite material profile.

[0041] In some embodiments, the carbon fiber composite material tube preparation mechanism further comprises:

[0042] A material rack, used for conveying the carbon fiber material layer to the preforming mold;

[0043] The cutting module is used to cut the tube body pultruded by the pultrusion module.

[0044] Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the pultruded coiled tube forming method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes: rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber coil, injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and heating and curing to form a carbon fiber composite material profile, pultruding the heat-cured profile into a carbon fiber composite material tube body, laying an appearance layer prepreg on the tube body, wrapping a vacuum auxiliary material on the appearance layer prepreg, and heating and curing, and post-processing the heat-cured tube body to form a carbon fiber composite material handrail. It can be seen that the pultruded coiled tube forming method adopted in the present application is used to form a carbon fiber composite material handrail. Specifically, the carbon fiber composite material tube body is first prepared by a glue injection pultrusion forming process, and then the appearance layer is laid on the outer layer of the tube body for coiled tube curing forming. The pultruded coiled tube forming method of the present application has a simple forming process and high forming efficiency. It can not only achieve a good appearance effect of the handrail, but also improve the overall stiffness and strength compared to the stainless steel handrail, and can also reduce the weight by 30%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without any creative work.

[0046] FIG1 is a flow chart of a pultruded coiled tube forming method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of the handrail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the ply structure of the handrail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the paving of the exterior layer of the handrail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG5 is a diagram of the pipe rolling process of the handrail in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a carbon fiber composite material tube preparation mechanism of a pultrusion roll tube forming system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0052] in:

[0053] 10-handrail, 11-tube, 111-1000g quad-axial carbon fiber cloth, 112-1000g carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, 113-1200g quad-axial carbon fiber cloth, 12-appearance layer prepreg, 13-second non-porous isolation membrane, 14-breathable felt, 15-vacuum bag;

[0054] 100-Carbon fiber composite material tube preparation mechanism, 101-Material rack, 102-Preforming mold, 103-Forming mold assembly, 1031-Injection mold, 1032-Forming mold, 104-Pultrusion module, 1041-Traction unit, 105-Cutting module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0057] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper end, lower end, left side, right side" described below are all defined based on the drawings in the specification.

[0058] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, Figure 1 is a flow chart of the pultrusion coiled tube forming method in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the handrail rod dimensions in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the layup structure of the handrail rod in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the appearance layer paving of the handrail rod in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a diagram of the coiling process of the handrail rod in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the carbon fiber composite material tube body preparation mechanism of the pultrusion coiled tube forming system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] The pultruded coiled tube forming method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:

[0060] S1: rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll;

[0061] S2: injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and heating and curing it to form a carbon fiber composite material profile;

[0062] S3: Pultruding the heated and cured profile into a carbon fiber composite material tube 11;

[0063] S4: Laying the exterior layer prepreg 12 onto the tube body 11;

[0064] S5: Wrapping the vacuum auxiliary material on the appearance layer prepreg 12 and heating and curing;

[0065] S6: The heated and cured tube body 11 is post-processed to produce a handrail 10 made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0066] It can be seen that the pultrusion coil forming method adopted in this application is used to form a carbon fiber composite handrail 10. Specifically, a carbon fiber composite tube body 11 is first prepared by a glue injection pultrusion process, and then an exterior layer is laid on the outer layer of the tube body 11 for coil curing and forming.

[0067] The pultrusion coil forming method of the present application has a simple forming process and high forming efficiency, which can not only achieve a good appearance effect of the handrail 10, but also improve the overall stiffness and strength compared to the stainless steel handrail 10, and at the same time can reduce the weight by 30%.

[0068] In some embodiments, before the step of rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll, the step includes:

[0069] The carbon fiber material is laid on a plurality of cloths to form a plurality of carbon fiber material layers, wherein the plurality of carbon fiber material layers include a 1200-gram quad-axial carbon fiber cloth, a 1000-gram carbon fiber unidirectional cloth, and a 1000-gram quad-axial carbon fiber cloth.

[0070] Specifically, the carbon fiber composite handrail 10 formed in this embodiment is a hollow circular tube structure, with an outer diameter of 35 mm, a wall thickness of 5.5 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. In addition, the carbon fiber composite handrail 10 is layered with 1200 g four-axial carbon fiber cloth 113, 1000 g carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 112, and 1000 g four-axial carbon fiber cloth 111, with the fiber volume content of each part being 62.8%. For example, the carbon fiber coil is layered from the inside to the outside with 1000 g four-axial carbon fiber cloth 111, 1000 g carbon fiber unidirectional cloth 112, and 1200 g four-axial carbon fiber cloth 113.

[0071] In some embodiments, the steps of injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into a carbon fiber roll and heating and curing the roll to form a carbon fiber composite material profile include:

[0072] The mixed liquid of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin are injected and impregnated into the carbon fiber roll respectively;

[0073] The carbon fiber coil is heated and cured in three heating zones respectively, and the temperatures of the three heating zones increase in sequence.

[0074] In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the two-component epoxy resin material can evenly and fully fill the fiber material, this embodiment adopts a glue injection infiltration method and a three-stage heating method (120° C.-150° C.-160° C.).

[0075] Specifically, when injecting glue, use an electronic scale to weigh 10kg of curing agent and accelerator and stir and mix them in a ratio of 96:4. Pump the mixture of curing agent and accelerator into the injection machine B pump, and simultaneously pump the epoxy resin into the injection machine A pump. Adjust pumps A and B to simultaneously inject the resin and curing agent into the mold, with an output flow rate of 50g / min each. When heating and curing, install the heating plates on the molding mold 1032, plug in the thermocouple, insert the cable into the sockets at both ends of the heating plate, turn on the equipment, and turn on the heating zone of the equipment. The heating plate is divided into three curing zones. According to the process requirements, the temperature of the first curing zone is set to 120°C, the temperature of the second curing zone is set to 150°C, and the temperature of the third curing zone is set to 160°C.

[0076] In some embodiments, before the step of injecting and impregnating the mixed solution of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin into the carbon fiber roll respectively, the method further includes:

[0077] The injection temperature of the mixed liquid of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin is controlled below 60°C by water cooling equipment to reduce the viscosity of the epoxy resin to a preset low value.

[0078] It should be noted that a water cooling area is set up in the mold injection section to control the viscosity of the epoxy resin. The specific operation is: turn on the water cooling equipment, and the cooling water circulates through the pipeline to cool the front end of the molding mold 1032, so that the temperature of the mold injection section is controlled below 60°C (the viscosity of the epoxy resin is the lowest at this time).

[0079] In this way, the viscosity of the epoxy resin is reduced to a minimum value, so that the epoxy resin can evenly and fully fill the fiber material, thereby ensuring the molding quality of the carbon fiber composite material handrail bar 10.

[0080] To ensure the degree of solidification of carbon fiber composite products, combined with the DSC curve of the two-component epoxy resin, the profile pultrusion speed is set to 80-90 mm / min, the pultrusion module 104 is turned on, and the fiber and resin materials are solidified and formed according to the preset heating temperature and traction speed. Under the traction of the pultrusion module 104, the profile is pulled out of the mold.

[0081] In this way, after the processing and cutting process, a tube body 11 made of carbon fiber composite material that meets the requirements can be prepared.

[0082] In some embodiments, before the step of laying the exterior layer prepreg 12 onto the tube body 11, the following steps are further included:

[0083] Laying the film on the outer surface of the tube body 11;

[0084] Wrap the tube body 11 covered with the adhesive film with a first non-porous isolation film and perform vacuum compaction;

[0085] The first non-porous separator is removed.

[0086] It is understandable that, in order to ensure that the amount of resin in the outer layer of the tube body 11 is sufficient, a layer of adhesive film may be laid before laying the exterior layer prepreg 12 .

[0087] Of course, according to actual needs, before laying the adhesive film, the surface of the cut carbon fiber composite material tube body 11 is also polished. Specifically, the carbon fiber composite material tube body 11 is first clamped and fixed on the polishing tool, and the outer surface of the pultruded handrail rod 10 is coarsely polished using sandpaper with a mesh size of about 120. Then, the outer surface of the carbon fiber composite material tube body 11 is finely polished using sandpaper with a mesh size of 200 or above. The outer surface of the tube body 11 is polished until there is no bright spot on the outer surface of the tube body 11. The whole surface should be smooth without bumps and burrs. Finally, it is cleaned with a wiping cloth and anhydrous ethanol until there is no polishing dust and other contaminants on the outer surface of the tube body 11.

[0088] Afterwards, the film cut to size is laid on the outer surface of the tube body 11 (the number of film layers is 1). A certain gap must be left at the joint of the film, and the joint must be parallel to the axis of the tube body 11. The width of the joint is not greater than 0.5mm. Overlapping, wrinkling, twisting, or inclusion of foreign matter in the film is not allowed.

[0089] After the film is laid, the tube body 11 is wrapped with a first non-porous isolation film, and then vacuum compacted. The vacuum compaction time is ≥15 minutes, and the vacuum degree is ≤-0.090 MPa (before the next step, the first non-porous isolation film used for vacuuming needs to be removed).

[0090] It should be noted that the exterior prepreg 12 has release paper on the back and a release film on the front. When applying the prepreg 12, first remove the release paper on the back, leaving the release film on the front. After applying the prepreg 12 to the film surface, remove the release film on the front of the prepreg 12. A certain gap must be left at the joints of the prepreg 12, and the joint must be parallel to the axis of the tube body 11. The joint width should not exceed 0.3 mm. Overlapping, wrinkling, twisting, fiber disarray, or inclusion of foreign matter in the prepreg 12 are not permitted.

[0091] After the appearance layer prepreg 12 is laid, the tube body 11 is wrapped with the second non-porous isolation film 13 and vacuum compacted. The vacuum compaction time is ≥15 minutes and the vacuum degree is ≤-0.090 MPa.

[0092] In some embodiments, after the step of laying the exterior layer prepreg 12 onto the tube body 11, the following steps are further included:

[0093] Inspecting the surface condition of the exterior prepreg 12 on the tube body 11;

[0094] Confirm that the laying effect of the exterior layer prepreg 12 on the tube body 11 meets the preset requirements.

[0095] That is to say, the tube body 11 is wrapped with the second non-porous isolation film 13, and after vacuum compaction, the vacuum auxiliary material (including the second non-porous isolation film 13) is removed, and the surface state of the appearance layer prepreg 12 is observed to confirm that the appearance layer prepreg 12 has no overlap, no wrinkles, no twisting, no fiber disorder, no exposed tube body 11 and film, and no foreign matter.

[0096] In some embodiments, the steps of wrapping the exterior layer prepreg 12 with a vacuum auxiliary material and heating and curing the prepreg 12 include:

[0097] Wrap the tube body 11 on which the exterior layer prepreg 12 is laid with the second non-porous separator 13, and ensure that the second non-porous separator 13 is tightly attached to the exterior layer prepreg 12, without exposing the exterior layer prepreg 12;

[0098] An air-permeable felt 14 and a vacuum bag 15 are laid on the outside of the second non-porous separator 13, and vacuuming and heating and curing are performed.

[0099] That is, after confirming that the laying effect of the exterior layer prepreg 12 on the tube body 11 meets the preset requirements, it also includes bag making before the exterior layer is cured and curing the exterior layer.

[0100] Bag making requirements before curing of the exterior layer: During the production of the vacuum bag 15, the breathable felt 14 is not allowed to come into direct contact with the tube body 11. The distance between the breathable felt 14 and the tube body 11 must be controlled at about 30 mm. The second non-porous isolation film 13 and the vacuum bag 15 should be smooth as a whole to minimize wrinkles and twists in the vacuum auxiliary materials.

[0101] Appearance layer curing: The tube body 11 of the bag is cured and formed in a curing furnace. The curing requirements are as follows:

[0102] a. Vacuum: Vacuum the entire process until the curing process is completed. The vacuum degree of the vacuum system should be ≤-0.095MPa. After the process is completed, stop vacuuming and do not release the negative pressure.

[0103] b. Temperature: With the air temperature as the reference, increase the temperature to (90±5)℃ / h and keep it at that temperature for 0.5h. Continue to increase the temperature to (130±5)℃ at (90±5)℃ / h and keep it at that temperature for 2.0h. After the insulation is completed, reduce the temperature to below 50℃ at a rate of -(180±5)℃ / h. The curing process is completed.

[0104] c. After the air temperature drops to room temperature, remove the connecting pipelines and take the product out of the curing oven.

[0105] After the exterior layer is cured, post-processing of the cured product is also included, specifically including: removing the vacuum auxiliary material on the surface of the carbon fiber composite handrail 10, cleaning the surrounding burrs and residual glue, and not allowing knock damage and serious surface scratches to the product surface.

[0106] The present application provides a pultruded coiled tube forming system, which adopts the pultruded coiled tube forming method described in the above specific embodiment, and includes a carbon fiber composite material tube body preparation mechanism 100 and an appearance layer coiled tube curing mechanism.

[0107] The carbon fiber composite tube preparation mechanism 100 includes a preforming die 102, a forming die assembly 103, and a pultrusion module 104. The preforming die 102 is used to roll a plurality of carbon fiber layers into a carbon fiber coil, the forming die assembly 103 is used to inject and impregnate epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and then heat and cure it to form a carbon fiber composite profile. The pultrusion module 104 is used to pultrude the heated and cured profile into the carbon fiber composite tube 11.

[0108] The exterior layer coil curing mechanism includes an exterior layer laying module, an exterior layer heating and curing module, and a post-processing module. The exterior layer laying module is used to lay the exterior layer prepreg 12 onto the tube body 11; the exterior layer heating and curing module is used to wrap the exterior layer prepreg 12 with vacuum auxiliary material and heat and cure it; and the post-processing module is used to post-process the heated and cured tube body 11 to produce the carbon fiber composite handrail 10.

[0109] Furthermore, the molding die assembly 103 includes a glue injection mold 1031 and a molding die 1032. The glue injection mold 1031 is used to inject and infiltrate epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil. The molding die 1032 and the glue injection mold 1031 are an integrated structure. The molding die 1032 is used to heat and cure the epoxy resin-infused carbon fiber coil to form a carbon fiber composite material profile. The molding die 1032 consists of an upper mold plate and a lower mold plate. To ensure a certain heat capacity of the mold and uniform and stable heating, the cross-section of the molding die 1032 is designed to be 10 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the pultruded product.

[0110] The pultrusion module 104 may include one traction unit 1041 or at least two traction units 1041 , for example, two traction units 1041 are provided, and the two traction units 1041 are used to pull the tube body 11 to move at corresponding traction speeds.

[0111] In addition, the carbon fiber composite material tube body preparation mechanism 100 also includes a material rack 101 and a cutting module 105. The material rack 101 is used to transport the carbon fiber material layer to the preforming mold 102. The cutting module 105 is arranged at the end of the carbon fiber composite material tube body preparation mechanism 100. The cutting module 105 is used to cut the tube body 11 pulled out by the pultrusion module 104.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0113] The above is a detailed introduction to the pultruded coiled tube forming method and pultruded coiled tube forming system provided by this application. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the solution and core ideas of this application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of this application, several improvements and modifications can be made to this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A pultruded coiled tube forming method, characterized in that: include: Rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber roll material; Injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and heating and curing the coil to form a carbon fiber composite material profile; Pultruding the heated and cured profile into a tube body of carbon fiber composite material; Laying the appearance layer prepreg onto the tube body; Wrapping the vacuum auxiliary material on the appearance layer prepreg and heating and curing it; The heated and cured tube body is post-processed to produce a handrail made of carbon fiber composite material.

2. The pultruded coiled tube forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber coil material, the method comprises: The carbon fiber material is laid on a plurality of cloths to form a plurality of carbon fiber material layers, wherein the plurality of carbon fiber material layers include a 1200 gram quad-axial carbon fiber cloth, a 1000 gram carbon fiber unidirectional cloth and a 1000 gram quad-axial carbon fiber cloth.

3. The pultruded coiled tube forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and heating and curing the carbon fiber composite material to form a profile includes: Injecting and infiltrating the mixed liquid of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil respectively; The carbon fiber coil is heated and cured by passing through three heating zones respectively, and the temperatures of the three heating zones are increased in sequence.

4. The pultruded coiled tube forming method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before the step of injecting and impregnating the mixed solution of curing agent and accelerator and epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil respectively, the method further includes: The injection temperature of the mixed liquid of the curing agent and the accelerator and the epoxy resin is controlled below 60°C by a water cooling device to reduce the viscosity of the epoxy resin to a preset low value.

5. The pultruded coiled tube forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Before the step of paving the appearance layer prepreg onto the tube body, the method further includes: Laying the adhesive film on the outer surface of the tube body; Wrapping the tube body covered with the adhesive film with a first non-porous isolation film, and performing vacuum compaction; The first non-porous isolation film is removed.

6. The pultruded coiled tube forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: After the step of laying the appearance layer prepreg on the tube body, the method further includes: Inspecting the surface state of the appearance layer prepreg on the tube body; Confirm that the paving effect of the appearance layer prepreg on the tube body meets the preset requirements.

7. The pultruded coiled tube forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The step of wrapping the vacuum auxiliary material on the appearance layer prepreg and heating and curing the vacuum auxiliary material comprises: Wrapping the tube body on which the appearance layer prepreg is laid with a second non-porous isolation film, and ensuring that the second non-porous isolation film is closely attached to the appearance layer prepreg, without exposing the appearance layer prepreg; A breathable felt and a vacuum bag are laid on the outside of the second non-porous isolation film, and vacuuming and heating and curing are performed.

8. A pultrusion coiled tube forming system, using the pultrusion coiled tube forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes a carbon fiber composite material pipe body preparation mechanism and an appearance layer pipe winding and curing mechanism, and the carbon fiber composite material pipe body preparation mechanism includes: A preforming mold, used for rolling a plurality of carbon fiber material layers into a carbon fiber coil; A molding die assembly, used for injecting and impregnating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil, and heating and curing the coil to form a carbon fiber composite material profile; A pultrusion module, used for pultruding the heated and cured profile into a tube body made of carbon fiber composite material; The appearance layer coil curing mechanism comprises: An appearance layer laying module, used for laying the appearance layer prepreg onto the tube body; An appearance layer heating and curing module is used to wrap the vacuum auxiliary material on the appearance layer prepreg and heat and cure it; The post-processing module is used to post-process the tube body after heating and curing to produce a handrail made of carbon fiber composite material.

9. The pultrusion coiled tube forming system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The molding die assembly comprises: A glue injection mold, used for injecting and infiltrating epoxy resin into the carbon fiber coil; The molding die is an integrated structure with the injection mold and is used for heating and curing the carbon fiber coil impregnated with epoxy resin to form a profile of a carbon fiber composite material.

10. The pultrusion coiled tube forming system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The carbon fiber composite material tube preparation mechanism also includes: A material rack, used for conveying a carbon fiber material layer to the preforming mold; The cutting module is used to cut off the tube body pulled out by the pultrusion module.

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