Method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, article for use in plant cultivation, use of an article for use in plant cultivation, corresponding pretreated foliage, and corresponding kit

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, the method comprising at least the steps of: (S1) producing or providing a predefined amount of pretreated foliage in a first container; (S2) producing or providing, in each case in a predefined amount, one, two, three or more substances as additives in at least one second container; (S3) contacting and mixing pretreated foliage with one, two, three or more substances as additives, thereby producing an article for use in plant cultivation.

Description

[0001] Green-Nature Foundation Landstrasse 37, 9490 VADUZ, LIECHTENSTEIN Method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, article for use in plant cultivation, use of an article for use in plant cultivation, corresponding pretreated foliage and corresponding kit The present invention relates to a method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation. Further details of the method according to the invention can be found in the appended claims and the following description. The present invention also relates to an article for use in plant cultivation. The present invention also relates to a use of an article for use in plant cultivation. The present invention furthermore relates to corresponding pretreated foliage. The present invention furthermore relates to a corresponding kit. In each case, details can be found in the appended claims and the following description.To grow, plants require, among other factors, at least water, nutrients, air, and light. Their growth is also influenced by other environmental conditions such as soil type or substrate, soil structure, pH, temperature, and humidity. Different plant species prefer or require different conditions for growth; in particular, they have different requirements regarding the supply of nutrients and trace elements, as well as other soil properties, including pH.

[0002] *20240856694* Crop production concerns the planned agricultural (arable farming) or horticultural (horticulture) cultivation of crops and ornamental plants. Methods are known from the prior art to optimize soil conditions and thus specifically influence plant growth in crop production. For example, the use of artificial fertilizers is known in the field of crop production. This is often perceived as disadvantageous in the field of the present invention, since the production of artificial fertilizers is generally not sustainable. Furthermore, the production of artificial fertilizers is regularly associated with the consumption of large amounts of energy. The long-term use of artificial fertilizers is also often undesirable in the field of crop production, since it often leads to a decrease in soil quality and, in particular, frequently has a negative impact on the number, species, and / or diversity of naturally occurring soil organisms.For these reasons, the use of artificial fertilizers in crop production is increasingly perceived as disadvantageous in many cases. The use of composted materials is also already known from the state of the art, but this also has several known disadvantages. In particular, the fluctuating nutrient composition of composts is often perceived as disadvantageous in crop production. Particularly in cases where high cultivation efficiency is desired, such fluctuations in the nutrient composition are perceived as extremely disadvantageous in crop production. In addition, composts also have a fluctuating consistency and, in many cases, a perceived unpleasant odor; both are often perceived as disadvantageous in crop production. Especially in food production, the use of composts is often not possible for legal and / or hygienic reasons, or is associated withassociated with a disadvantageously high expenditure. It is also known from the prior art that humus-containing substrates are mixed with artificial fertilizers for an optimized nutrient composition. This is often perceived as disadvantageous in the field of the present invention, since the disadvantages known from artificial fertilizers also apply here. The use of peat is increasingly perceived as disadvantageous in the field of the present invention, in particular since it cannot be provided in a sustainable manner, and its use in crop production is regularly associated with the destruction of ecologically valuable deposits. EP 3369298 B1 relates to a method for processing animal excrement, in particular liquid manure from pigs, cattle, poultry or the like. In the field of the present invention, there is an increasing demand for humus-containing substrates which have ahave a nutrient composition that is perceived as advantageous. There is also a need for substrates that are suitable for use in growing food. There is also a need for processes that can produce substrates with the above-mentioned advantageous properties without the addition of artificial fertilizers. There is also a need for processes that can produce substrates with the above-mentioned advantageous properties with the lowest possible proportion of artificial fertilizers. There is also a need for processes that can provide sustainable, humus-containing substrates for various plant species in an optimized manner. In the field of the present invention, there is a need for processes to provide articles that have the above-mentioned properties, preferably combinations of properties, without having an odor that is perceived as adverse, as well asof corresponding articles. In the field of the present invention, there is also a need for corresponding articles whose humus content consists of raw materials that are renewable within a maximum of 100 years, preferably within a maximum of 20 years, particularly preferably within a maximum of 5 years, and very particularly preferably within a maximum of one year, as well as for corresponding processes for their production. In the field of the present invention, the aspect of the sustainability of corresponding substrates is perceived as increasingly advantageous. Substrates that are not produced sustainably are in many cases perceived as disadvantageous. The use of coconut fibers in processes with which humus-containing substrates can be provided, or the use of coconut fibers in humus-containing substrates, is in many cases perceived as disadvantageous, particularly for ecological reasons. Further objects underlying the present invention and associatedAdvantages emerge from the following description and the appended claims. The invention is defined in the claims. Preferred aspects of the present invention also emerge from the following description, including the examples. Insofar as certain embodiments are designated as preferred for an aspect of the invention (method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, article for use in plant cultivation, use of an article for use in plant cultivation, pretreated foliage, kit), the corresponding statements also apply to the other aspects of the present invention, mutatis mutandis. Preferred individual features of aspects of the invention (as defined in the claims and / or disclosed in the description) can be combined with one another and are preferably combined with one another, unless the present text indicates otherwise to the person skilled in the art.According to a primary aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned objects and problems are solved in whole or in part by a method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, at least comprising the steps: (S1) producing or providing a predefined amount of pretreated foliage in a first container; (S2) producing or providing, in each case in a predefined amount, one, two, three or more substances as additives in at least one second container; (S3) contact-mixing pretreated foliage with one, two, three or more substances as additives, so that an article for use in plant cultivation results. The production or provision of substances in a predefined amount means that the substances are each produced or provided in a defined amount according to a recipe. The contact-mixing, so that an article forUse in plant cultivation resulting from step (S3) takes place in these predefined amounts according to a recipe. The term "pretreated foliage" in the context of the present invention refers to foliage that has been at least mechanically shredded. Preferably, the mechanical shredding takes place by tearing and not by cutting. The term "pretreated foliage" in the context of the present invention also includes the terms "leaf pieces" and "conditioned pretreated foliage." The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the resulting article for use in plant cultivation is a humus-containing substrate, preferably a horticultural soil and / or a growing substrate. Examples of humus-containing substrates as well as for horticultural soil and / or a growing substrate are, in particular, standardizedCulture substrates, industrially produced soils, compost soils, manure bed soils, leaf mold, hobby soils, professional soils, plant soils, flower soils, and specialty soils. Within the scope of the present invention, it is preferred in many cases for a humus-containing substrate to comprise portions of crushed rock, such as sand. In many cases, it is preferred within the scope of the present invention for the humus-containing substrate to contain less than 15% by weight, preferably less than 10% by weight, particularly preferably less than 5% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 3% by weight, and very particularly preferably less than 1% by weight of crushed rock, preferably sand. In many cases, it is particularly preferable if, in accordance with Section 4 (4) of the "Biowaste Ordinance in the version published on 4 April 2013 (Federal Law Gazette I p.658), last amended by Article 1 of the Ordinance of 28 April 2022 (Federal Law Gazette I p.700)", the proportion of stones with a sieve pass ofmore than 10 millimeters does not exceed a proportion of 5 wt.%, based on the dry mass of the material to be applied. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the one, two, three or more substances are selected as additives from the group consisting of: - Digestate - Sour whey - Vegetable charcoal - Animal meal, preferably hair meal, horn shavings and / or horn meal - Coffee grounds - Needles of conifers, preferably pine needles - Contents of the animal digestive system, preferably stomach contents, intestinal contents and / or bladder contents, particularly preferably stomach contents, most particularly preferably rumen contents - Juice industry waste - Sugar waste - Grain hulls and / or grain husks and - Other suitable industrial waste. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly andPreferably, a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred) is also used, wherein the one, two, three or more substances are selected as additives from the group consisting of: - digestate, - acid whey, filtered and / or unfiltered, - cattle car bedding, preferably cattle car bedding made from sawdust with residues of animal feces and / or urine, particularly preferably cattle car bedding made from sawdust of coniferous trees with residues of animal feces and / or urine, - vegetable charcoal, - nettle broth, - animal meal, preferably hair meal, horn shavings and / or horn meal, - coffee grounds, - needles of coniferous trees, preferably pine needles, - contents of the animal digestive system, preferably stomach contents, intestinal contents and / or bladder contents, particularly preferably stomach contents, very particularly preferably rumen contents, - juice industry waste, preferably fruit peels and / or whole fruits, in particular citrus fruits, - sugar waste, - grain hullsand / or cereal husks, and - other suitable industrial wastes. A filtered acid whey in the context of the present invention is preferably a nanofiltered acid whey. The term "digestate" refers here to the liquid or solid, preferably liquid, residue that remains during the fermentation of biomass in a biogas plant. Digestates are to be distinguished from animal excrement such as liquid manure. Digestate typically has a pH in the range of pH 7 to pH 8.4, preferably in the range of pH 7.3 to pH 7.7. In cases where suitable mixtures of pretreated leaves on the one hand and digestate on the other hand have a pH that is disadvantageously high for the intended application of the manufactured article for use in crop production, this is preferably reduced by adding acid whey. Other fermentation residues, for example stillage from the production of alcohol or others, are also successfully used and in manyIn these cases, it is preferably used in the process according to the invention. The term "stillage" refers to the residues of a fermentation liquid of carbohydrates that remain after the alcohol has been distilled off. The term "acid whey" refers to whey that is produced when milk is decomposed by lactic acid bacteria. Acid whey is preferably a by-product of quark or cottage cheese production; made from set milk that has been treated according to recognized heating methods, using starter cultures and rennet. The typical composition of acid whey is: Water: max. 95% by weight, Crude protein: 0.2% to 0.8% by weight, Lactose: 3.0% to 5.0% by weight, and Crude ash: 0.5% to 0.8% by weight. Acid whey that has previously been freed from significant amounts of salt is preferably used in the process according to the invention. The introduction of salts into humus-containing substrates and / or soils is not known in the field of the presentInvention is regularly perceived as negative. Methods for reducing the salt content of acid whey are known to the person skilled in the art; he selects appropriate methods such as ultrafiltration or others independently depending on the needs of the individual case. Acid whey typically has an acidic pH in the range of pH 4.3 to pH 4.6. Acid whey also has a nutrient composition that is often perceived as particularly advantageous in the field of the present invention. Acid whey is therefore used in the context of the present invention in particular when the pH of the manufactured article is to be adjusted accordingly for use in plant cultivation and / or when the nutrients present in the acid whey from pretreated leaves or other additives cannot be provided or can only be provided in a less advantageous manner. The term "vegetable carbon" is understood to mean carbon that is produced by pyrolyticCarbonization of plant starting materials. The biochar used in the present invention preferably has a carbon content of more than 50% by weight. In addition, the biochar used in the present invention has a ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms which is between 0.1 and 0.6, preferably between 0.2 and 0.5, particularly preferably between 0.3 and 0.5. The biochar used preferably has a pH value between pH 6 and pH 10. The biochar used as additive in the process according to the invention additionally has a specific surface area in the range from 50 m² / g to 900 m² / g, preferably between 80 m² / g and 600 m² / g, particularly preferably between 100 m² / g and 400 m² / g, particularly preferably between 120 m² / g and 300 m² / g. The biochar supports the release of nitrogen in the product produced with it for use in crop production. It enables plants thatin the article for use in plant cultivation as a substrate, are already supplied with sufficient nitrogen after about 8 to 12 weeks, preferably after about 8 to 10 weeks. Accordingly, existing nitrogen is only released after longer periods of time without the addition of biochar, for example through microbial decomposition. The term "animal meal" refers to parts of animals that have been chipped or ground into a meal. The term "animal meal" includes all meals and machining products that result from the utilization of animal carcasses, in particular "hair meal", "horn meal", "blood meal", "meat-bone meal", "bone meal" and "horn shavings". The term "hair meal" refers to animal hair that has been ground into meal. In particular, the term also includes feathers ground into flour and pig bristles ground into flour, i.e. Category 3 material in the form of flour according to Article 10 of Regulation (EC) No. 1069 / 2009. Hair meal can therefore in particularalso be bristle meal. The term "horn meal" refers to horn material from horn-bearing animals ground into flour. Ground horns and hooves from cattle are preferably used as horn meal. The term "horn shavings" refers to the chipped horn material from horn-bearing animals. Chipped horns and hooves from cattle are preferably used. The use of horn shavings and / or horn meal means that either, according to a first alternative, horn shavings are used and no horn meal is used, or that, according to a second alternative, horn meal is used and no horn shavings are used, or that, according to a third alternative, horn meal and horn shavings are used together. In other places in this text where two or more alternatives are linked via "and / or", the above-explained understanding is also valid mutatis mutandis. The use of animal meal, preferably hair meal, horn shavings and / orHorn meal in the process according to the invention provides a resulting article for use in crop production, which already in the first eight to twelve weeks, preferably eight to ten weeks, after production, preferably after planting, ensures an advantageous release characteristic of plant-usable nitrogen from the article for use in crop production. The use of animal meal, preferably hair meal, horn shavings and / or horn meal, in the process according to the invention provides a resulting article for use in crop production, which already in the first eight to twelve weeks, preferably eight to ten weeks, after production, preferably after planting, ensures an advantageous supply of plant-usable nitrogen to plants planted therein. In many cases, it is preferred if both animal meal, preferably hair meal and / or horn shavings and / or horn meal, on the one hand, and biocharon the other hand, be used together, since in this way a nitrogen release from the resulting article for use in crop production, which in many cases is perceived as particularly advantageous, results. The use of cattle car bedding, preferably cattle car bedding made from sawdust with residues of animal feces and / or urine, particularly preferably cattle car bedding made from sawdust of coniferous trees with residues of animal feces and / or urine, in the process according to the invention is particularly preferred when the article for use in crop production produced by the process according to the invention is intended for use in planting and / or transplanting trees. The combination of nutrient composition and mechanical properties of the article for use in crop production produced by the process according to the invention is in these cases more suitable for use in planting and / or transplanting trees than the combination ofcorresponding properties of corresponding articles known from the prior art. The mechanical properties are in many cases influenced by the hardness and particle size of the sawdust used. Sawdust from coniferous wood often leads to a beneficial low pH of an article made from it for use in crop production. The term "coffee grounds" is understood, in accordance with the common understanding, to mean the residue of the ground coffee beans remaining in the filter or coffee pot after coffee preparation. The use of coffee grounds in the process according to the invention also allows for a targeted optimization of the nutrient composition and the composition of trace elements in the resulting article for use in crop production. In particular, coffee grounds regularly contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a form that can be easily absorbed by plants. They can also be used to adjust the pH value of theIn the resulting article for use in plant cultivation, coffee grounds are used in the process according to the invention depending on the requirements of the individual case. It is also known that coffee grounds in many cases have an attractive effect on earthworms, which is often perceived as advantageous in the field of the present invention. It is also known that coffee grounds in some cases have a deterrent effect on voles; such a deterrent effect on voles is also often perceived as extremely positive in the field of the present invention. The term "needles of conifers" refers to the needles of conifers. In many cases, it is preferred if "fir needles", i.e., needles of fir trees, are used as the needles of conifers in the process according to the invention. The use of needles of conifers, and in particular of fir needles, in the process according to the invention enablestargeted introduction of nutrients and trace elements and in many cases leads to a particularly advantageous combination of nutrients and trace elements in the resulting article for use in plant cultivation. The term "contents of the animal digestive system" refers in particular to stomach contents, intestinal contents and / or bladder contents of slaughtered animals. Typically, corresponding contents of the animal digestive system arise as waste during the slaughter and processing of slaughtered animals. The term "rumen contents" refers to the contents of the rumen of ruminants. Contents of the animal digestive system, preferably rumen contents and / or stomach contents, are used in some embodiments of the method according to the invention, while in many embodiments of the method according to the invention it is advantageous not to use contents of the animal digestive system. The term "juice industry waste" refers to residues ofFruit and vegetables are understood as they typically arise during juice production. In particular, the term "juice industry waste" includes waste consisting of peels, pulp, seeds, and / or other fruit components. The person skilled in the art is familiar with the nutrient and trace element compositions as well as the pH value of corresponding juice industry waste and independently selects suitable juice industry waste for use in the process according to the invention according to the requirements of the respective individual case. The sugar contained in juice industry waste is also advantageous for a sanitation process. Juice industry waste consisting of fruit residues is preferred within the scope of the present invention. The term "sugar waste" refers to plant residues and sugar residues from sugar production. Sugar production takes place, for example, from sugar cane, sugar beet, or other suitable plants. Sugar waste itself is stillsugar-containing and are used in the process according to the invention in particular when the manufactured article is to be sanitized for use in plant cultivation. The term “cereal hulls” also includes in particular the hulls of the cereals wheat, rye, einkorn, emmer, kamut, barley, spelt, oats, triticale, rice, corn, and millet. In the context of this text, the term “cereal hulls” refers to a product that predominantly consists of portions of lemma (“palea inferior”) of cereals and portions of palea (“palea superior”) of hulled cereals, in particular of the hulled cereals einkorn, emmer, kamut, barley, millet, spelt, and oats. Grain hulls and husks are also preferred in many cases in the process according to the invention because the combination of properties such as density, decomposition rate, nutrient composition and trace element composition is often used in the field ofThe term “other suitable industrial waste” refers in particular to sustainably producible and decomposable industrial wastes that are suitable for use in the process according to the invention. They are identified by the person skilled in the art and used in the process according to the invention. The person skilled in the art independently selects appropriate industrial wastes based on their specialist knowledge and recognizes which of these industrial wastes lead to articles for use in plant cultivation in the process according to the invention that have properties perceived as particularly positive according to the needs of the individual case. Other beneficial industrial wastes, depending on the requirements of the individual case, are also preferred, for example, fertilizers produced from recycled nutrients from domestic wastewater and biowaste, as described in the “Wochenblatt für Landwirtschaft und Landleben” in the article"Design fertilizer attracts interest from farmers" on December 19, 2022. Other beneficial industrial wastes, in many cases, include pea, lentil, bean, and other legume shells. Other beneficial industrial wastes, in many cases, include wastewater from food production, in particular wastewater from slaughterhouses and / or wastewater from the production of sauerkraut and / or wastewater from the production of red cabbage. In many cases, it is preferred if three additives are selected as additives in the process according to the invention: digestate, acid whey, and biochar. In many cases, it is preferred if two additives are selected as additives in the process according to the invention: digestate and acid whey. In many cases, it is preferred if two additives are selected as additives in the process according to the invention: digestate and acid whey.are. In many cases, it is also preferred if an additive is used in the process according to the invention and this additive is digestate. In many cases, it is also preferred if an additive is selected in the process according to the invention and this additive is acid whey. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein in step (S1) pretreated leaves are produced and the production of the pretreated leaves comprises at least the following step: (S1-a) Tearing up leaves, preferably tearing up leaves with a spiked roller, preferably with two spiked rollers, so that pieces of leaves result as pretreated leaves. The production of pretreated leaves preferably comprises tearing up leaves as shredding of leaves. By tearing up leaves, particularlyadvantageous properties of the pretreated foliage are achieved, particularly with regard to the absorption of liquids, nutrients, and odorous substances. In the process according to the invention, the shredding of foliage with a spiked roller often leads to a particularly advantageous combination of efficient process control and advantageous properties of the pretreated foliage. Pretreated foliage contains less than 20% leaf pieces, preferably less than 10% leaf pieces, particularly preferably less than 5% leaf pieces that are larger than 50% of the average size of a leaf of the respective foliage variety; in each case based on the total number of leaf pieces present in the pretreated foliage. In many cases, it is preferable to carry out the process according to the invention in such a way that an article for use in plant cultivation results, which has a bulk density in the range of 50 kg / m 3 up to 500 kg / m 3 preferably in the range of 100 kg / m 3up to 480 kg / m 3 , particularly preferably in the range of 150 kg / m 3 up to 430 kg / m 3 , most preferably in the range of 200 kg / m 3 up to 400 kg / m 3The skilled person independently selects the type and quantity of pretreated leaves and additives used in the process according to the respective bulk density requirements. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein pretreated leaves are produced in step (S1), and the production of the pretreated leaves comprises at least the following step: (S1-b) conditioning leaves, wherein the conditioning comprises adjusting the moisture content in the leaves by drying and / or moistening the leaves, so that conditioned leaves result; and / or (preferably "and") conditioning pieces of leaves as pretreated leaves,wherein the conditioning comprises adjusting the moisture content in the foliage pieces as pretreated foliage by drying and / or moistening the foliage pieces as pretreated foliage, resulting in conditioned pretreated foliage; wherein the conditioning of foliage and / or the conditioning of pretreated foliage in step (S1-b) is preferably carried out such that foliage and / or pretreated foliage results with a water content in the range of 5 wt.% to 40 wt.%, preferably with a water content in the range of 6 wt.% to 35 wt.%, particularly preferably with a water content in the range of 7 wt.% to 30 wt.%, in each case based on the total mass of the conditioned foliage or the produced conditioned pretreated foliage. In many cases, it is preferable to condition the foliage before or after pretreatment.in particular, adjusting the moisture content. Adjusting the moisture content in the foliage or in the pretreated foliage by drying and / or moistening influences the water absorption capacity of the pretreated foliage used in the process according to the invention. This aspect also influences the odor, bulk density, and specific gravity of the resulting article for use in plant cultivation. The skilled person decides independently, depending on the needs of the individual case, whether conditioning should be carried out first and then pretreatment (mechanical comminution) or whether pretreatment (mechanical comminution) should be carried out first and then conditioning. In many cases, it is preferable to first dry the foliage and only then pretreat it, i.e., mechanical comminution. In this way, conditioned pretreated foliage is often obtained as pretreated foliage.which has particularly advantageous properties in the process according to the invention, in particular with regard to the absorption of liquid components. In many cases, a process according to the invention is particularly preferred, wherein between the pretreatment of the foliage and the start of the contacting mixing of the pretreated foliage with one, two, three or more substances as additives, so that an article for use in plant cultivation results in step (S3), a period of time in the range of 1 second to 10 minutes, preferably in the range of 2 seconds to 5 minutes, particularly preferably in the range of 2 seconds to 3 minutes, most preferably in the range of 3 seconds to 30 seconds. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein - the contacting mixing of pretreated foliage with a,two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3) over a period of 2 minutes to 30 minutes, preferably from 3 minutes to 10 minutes, particularly preferably from 4 minutes to 7 minutes; and / or (preferably "and") - the contact mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3) is carried out in such a way that firstly 15 wt.% to 45 wt.%, preferably 20 wt.% to 40 wt.%, particularly preferably 25 wt.% to 35 wt.%, of the produced or provided pretreated leaves are contact-mixed with 100 wt.% of the produced or provided additives, so that a premix of pretreated leaves and additives results, and this premix of pretreated leaves and additives is then contact-mixed with the remaining amount of the produced or provided pretreated leaves,so that an article for use in crop production results. The contact mixing of pretreated foliage with one, two, three, or more substances as additives over the stated periods of time enables a mixing process that leads to optimal mixing results without negatively affecting the structural properties of the components used in the process according to the invention. Those skilled in the art in the field of the present invention are familiar with corresponding mixing methods and independently select the respective mixing methods based on the materials used and the desired consistency of the resulting article for use in crop production. Suitable mixing methods include, for example, mixing with a paddle mixer, a screw mixer, a twin-roller mixer, and / or a feed mixer wagon, depending on the requirements of the individual case. In some cases, it is preferredFirst, a portion of the pretreated leaves is mixed with the additives used in the process according to the invention to form a premix, and only then is this premix mixed with the remaining portion of the predefined amount of pretreated leaves produced or provided in step (S1), resulting in an article for use in crop production. This procedure is often preferred, particularly for reducing the perceived negative odors of the additives used. Heating the article for use in crop production leads to a reduction in the bacterial load in the article for use in crop production and simultaneously reduces the germination capacity of plant seeds.which can enter the article via the individual components. Germinable seeds in the article for use in plant cultivation are, in the vast majority of cases, extremely undesirable in the field of the present invention. Heating, also known as "sanitizing" in the field of the present invention, is preferred within the scope of the present invention. In the context of the present text, the "sanitizing" of an article is understood to mean a reduction of pathogenic organisms contained in the article, preferably a reduction to such an extent that the remaining residual concentration of pathogenic organisms can no longer pose a health risk to humans and animals. In particular, the term "sanitizing" within the scope of the present invention includes the methods for sanitizing treatment as defined in Section 2 No. 2 and Appendix 2 of the "Biowaste Ordinance" in the version published on April 4, 2013 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 658).which was last amended by Article 1 of the Ordinance of April 28, 2022 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 700). Particularly preferably, the sanitization in the context of the present invention is a pasteurization according to Annex 2, Number 2.2.1 of the "Biowaste Ordinance in the version of the announcement of April 4, 2013 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 658), which was last amended by Article 1 of the Ordinance of April 28, 2022 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 700)." In many cases, sanitization facilitates the reproducible adjustment of a nutrient composition perceived as particularly advantageous. In many cases, sanitization achieves the reproducible adjustment of a nutrient composition perceived as particularly advantageous after a shorter time compared to an article that has not been subjected to sanitization. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above,preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein - after the contacting mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives, so that an article for use in plant cultivation results, in step (S3), a further process step (S4) is carried out, consisting of or comprising: - heating the article for use in plant cultivation to a defined temperature in the range from 60 °C to 90 °C, preferably in the range from 68 °C to 82 °C, particularly preferably in the range from 70 °C to 77 °C; wherein preferably - the heating of the article for use in plant cultivation to a defined temperature in the range from 60 °C to 90 °C, preferably in the range from 68 °C to 82 °C, particularly preferably in the range from 70 °C to 77 °C is carried out such that the temperature is maintained for a period of from 2 hours to 12 hours, preferably from 3 hours to 10 hours,particularly preferably from 5 hours to 8 hours within the defined range, so that a refined article for use in plant cultivation results; particularly preferably, the heating of the article for use in plant cultivation to a defined temperature is carried out in such a way that a hygienic refined article for use in plant cultivation results. Suitable heating methods are known to the person skilled in the art. Heating the article for use in plant cultivation to the specified temperatures can be carried out in a particularly energy-efficient manner if additives containing sugar are selected. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred),wherein the mass ratio of produced or provided pretreated leaves in step (S1) on the one hand and produced or provided additives in step (S2) on the other hand is selected such that the article for use in plant cultivation resulting from the contact mixing of pretreated leaves with two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3) has a water content in the range of 6 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably in the range of 7 wt.% to 40 wt.%, particularly preferably in the range of 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, most preferably in the range of 25 wt.% to 30 wt.%. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred),wherein the mass ratio of the produced or provided pretreated leaves in step (S1) on the one hand and the produced or provided additive in step (S2) on the other hand is selected such that the article for use in crop production resulting from the contact mixing of pretreated leaves with a substance as additive in step (S3) has a water content in the range of 6 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably in the range of 7 wt.% to 40 wt.%, particularly preferably in the range of 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, most preferably in the range of 25 wt.% to 30 wt.%. The implementation of the method according to the invention such that the resulting article for use in crop production has a water content in the above-defined range,is particularly preferred in many cases. In this way, the method can be carried out particularly efficiently in many cases and / or the resulting article for use in plant cultivation has properties that are perceived as particularly positive in the field of the present invention. In particular, a method according to the invention can be carried out particularly advantageously in this way and a corresponding resulting article for use in plant cultivation can be transported and used in a particularly simple manner. In particular, in cases where the article for use in plant cultivation is horticultural soil and / or a culture substrate, in particular plant soil and / or potting soil, a water content in the specified range is particularly advantageous. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above,preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the resulting article for use in plant cultivation, preferably the dried article for use in plant cultivation, has a pH in the range from pH 3 to pH 7.5, preferably in the range from pH 4 to pH 7, particularly preferably in the range from pH 4.5 to pH 6.8, most preferably in the range from pH 5 to pH 6. The person skilled in the art will in many cases particularly preferably select the pretreated foliage and the additives used in the process according to the invention such that an article for use in plant cultivation with a pH in the above-defined range results. The above-defined pH ranges are regularly perceived as particularly advantageous for articles for use in plant cultivation. In many cases, it is preferred that the process according to the invention is carried out such thatthat the pH value of the resulting article for use in crop production is adjusted to the requirements of a particular plant species or plant variety; in such cases, the person skilled in the art selects suitable predefined amounts and suitable additives based on his or her specialist knowledge when carrying out the method according to the invention. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the article for use in crop production resulting from the contact mixing of pretreated foliage with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3) is mixed with portions of crushed rock, such as sand, in an additional process step. In many cases, such an article for use in crop production, comprising portions of crushed rock,such as sand, is particularly preferred in the field of the present invention; this is especially the case when the article for use in plant cultivation is used in plant cultivation without the article for use in plant cultivation being mixed with solids prior to planting the plant or seeds. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein the pretreated foliage produced or provided in step (S1) originates from deciduous trees and has fallen from the trees seasonally; and / or (preferably "and") wherein the pretreated foliage is in comminuted form as foliage pieces, and at least 90% of the foliage pieces, preferably at least 95% of the foliage pieces, do not have an extension of more than 30 mm in any spatial direction, preferably of more than 25 mm,particularly preferably of more than 20 mm; and / or (preferably "and") wherein the pretreated leaves are in comminuted form as leaf pieces; at least 90% of the leaf pieces, preferably at least 95% of the leaf pieces, have an extension of less than 5 mm in at least two spatial directions, preferably less than 4 mm, particularly preferably less than 3 mm, most preferably less than 1 mm. In many cases, it is particularly preferred if the produced or provided pretreated leaves come from deciduous trees and have fallen from the trees due to the season. In these cases, the production of the pretreated leaves is particularly advantageous, since no plants are actively damaged. In the context of the present invention, deciduous trees are understood to mean all deciduous tree species, in particular also trees of the genera maple (Acer), alder (Alnus), birch (Betula), hornbeam (Carpinus), hawthorn (Crataegus), beech (Fagus),Ash trees (Fraxinus), holly (Ilex), apples (Malus), poplars (Populus), stone fruit trees (Prunus), pears (Pyrus), oaks (Quercus), willows (Salix), rowan trees (Sorbus), linden trees (Tilia), and elms (Ulmus). The respective sizes of the foliage pieces result in particularly efficient use in the process according to the invention and, at the same time, in particularly advantageous properties in the resulting article for use in crop production. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein - during the contact-mixing of pretreated foliage with one, two, three, or more substances as additives in step (S3), so that the article for use in crop production results, animal excrement is additionally present; and - the animal excrement present has a water content of more than 70 wt.%,preferably of more than 90 wt. %, in each case based on the total mass of animal excrement used in the process. In some cases, it is also preferred if animal excrement is additionally used in the process according to the invention. In many cases, when the process according to the invention is carried out, this leads to articles for use in crop production that have a particularly advantageous nutrient composition. The use of animal excrement with a water content in the specified ranges when the process according to the invention is carried out leads to articles for use in crop production that, despite the presence of animal excrement, exhibit their characteristic odor only to a very greatly reduced extent, and in many cases not at all. This is generally preferred in the field of the present invention. If animal excrement is used in the article for use in crop production, it is preferred in many casesto heat the article for use in plant cultivation, preferably sanitizing it, before using the article for use in plant cultivation. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a method (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm, 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3 of the volume elements selected for use in crop production resulting from the article resulting from step (S3), the sodium content, determined by means of the VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.4.3, 2012-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the sodium content in the granules as a whole; and / or (preferably "and") - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3 of the article resulting in step (S3) for use in crop production, the proportion of dry matter, determined by means of VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 2.1.1, 1991-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the proportion of sodium in the granules as a whole; and / or (preferably "and") - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3of the volume elements selected in step (S3) resulting article for use in crop production, the pH value, CaCl2, determined using VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 5.1.1, 2016-01, differs by no more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the proportion of sodium in the granules as a whole; and / or (preferably "and") - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3of the article resulting in step (S3) for use in crop production, the nitrate nitrogen, NO3-N, in CAT, determined by means of VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.1.1, 2004-01, differs by no more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the proportion of sodium in the granules as a whole; and / or (preferably "and") - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3of the article for use in crop production selected in step (S3), the total proportion of organic carbon, TOC, in the dry matter, determined using the VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 4.1.3.2, 2016-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the total sodium content in the granules. In many cases, it is preferred if some or all of the above-mentioned ingredients are evenly distributed throughout the entire amount of the article for use in crop production, as follows from the requirements defined above. The person skilled in the art is aware thathow to achieve corresponding process results. The corresponding implementation of the process according to the invention leads to particularly advantageous articles for use in plant cultivation with regard to the combination of properties, particularly when used as horticultural soil and / or growing substrate. The present invention, with its various aspects, particularly and preferably also relates to a process (as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred), wherein, during the contact-mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3), at least two, three or more substances are present as additives, and wherein - digestate is selected as at least one of the two, three or more substances as additives, preferably sanitized digestate, and wherein the mass fraction of pretreated leaves is in the range from 20 wt.% to 90 wt.%,preferably in the range of 40 wt.% to 85 wt.%, particularly preferably in the range of 45 wt.% to 75 wt.%, very particularly preferably in the range of 48 wt.% to 62 wt.%, very particularly preferably in the range of 50 wt.% to 60 wt.%. The combination of pretreated leaves and digestate as at least one additive in the stated mass proportions, when carrying out the method according to the invention, leads to an article for use in crop production which has a particularly well-reproducible composition and / or whose composition advantageously has small fluctuations. The present invention also relates to an article for use in crop production, producible in a method as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred. The present invention also relates to an article for use in crop production, produced in a method as described above,preferably as described above as preferred. In many cases, an article for use in crop production is particularly preferred, produced in a process as described above, preferably as described above as preferred, wherein the article for use in crop production comprises portions of crushed rock, such as sand. With an article for use in crop production produced in the process according to the invention, the above-mentioned advantages and effects are realized to a particularly positive extent. The present invention also relates to a use of an article for use in crop production, as described above, preferably as described above as preferred in arable farming and / or horticulture. In many cases, it is particularly preferredwhen the article is used in plant cultivation in agriculture and / or horticulture to adapt the soil composition to the needs of plant species to be cultivated. The present invention also relates to pretreated foliage, producible in a process comprising process steps and / or features as described above, preferably in a process comprising process steps as referred to above as preferred. The present invention also relates to pretreated foliage, produced in a process comprising process steps and / or features as described above, preferably in a process comprising process steps as referred to above as preferred. With pretreated foliage, produced in a process comprising process steps as described above,When carrying out the method according to the invention, the stated advantages and effects are achieved to a particularly positive extent. The present invention also relates to a kit for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, preferably for producing an article for use in plant cultivation as described above, preferably as referred to above as preferred, particularly preferably for producing an article for use in plant cultivation in a method as described above, preferably in a method as referred to above as preferred, wherein the kit comprises at least: - as or in a first component of the kit, a quantity of pretreated foliage; - as or in a second component of the kit, a quantity of one, two, three or more substances as additives selected from the group consisting of: - digestate - acid whey - biochar - animal meal, preferably hair meal,Horn shavings and / or horn meal - coffee grounds - coniferous needles, preferably pine needles - contents of the animal digestive system, preferably stomach contents, intestinal contents and / or bladder contents, particularly preferably stomach contents, most particularly preferably rumen contents - juice industry waste - sugar waste - grain hulls and / or grain husks, and - other suitable industrial waste; wherein the first and second components of the kit are arranged spatially separately from one another. With a kit according to the invention, as defined above, the method according to the invention is carried out in a particularly efficient manner. The corresponding advantages and effects are achieved to a particularly high degree.

[0003] The invention is explained in more detail below using examples. Example A - Production of Pretreated Leaves Mixed leaves were used as an example, comprising leaves from the deciduous tree species beech, plane tree, maple, linden, and chestnut, which had fallen from the trees due to the season. Within the scope of the present invention, however, leaves can also be used in their own right, and the leaves of other deciduous tree species can also be used. The leaves were torn up with a spiked roller as an example of mechanical shredding, resulting in pretreated leaves. The pretreated leaves were dried with a drum dryer with continuous movement to a moisture content of approximately 20% by weight, resulting in conditioned pretreated leaves as an example of pretreated leaves.Example B - Example Recipes The example recipes defined below are merely examples of other recipes that can also preferably be used to carry out the process according to the invention. As an example for step (S1) of a process according to the invention, pretreated leaves were provided in a first container in a predefined amount according to the example recipes defined below, which were produced according to the procedure from Example A above. As an example for step (S2) of a process according to the invention, the additives described in more detail in the example recipes were provided together in a second container in a predefined amount according to the example recipes defined below. Unless stated otherwise, a liquid digestate from a renewable energy biogas plant was used as the liquid digestate from a biogas plant.The proportion in wt.% in the example recipes is always based on the total mass of the resulting article. Table 1: Example Recipe 1 Example Recipe 1 Mass Proportion. Liquid digestate from a 540 54 biogas plant Coffee grounds 280 28 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 2: Example recipe 2 Example recipe 2 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 400 40 biogas plant Sour whey 200 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 3: Example recipe 3 Example recipe 3 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 400 40 biogas plant Sour whey 200 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 4: Example recipe 4 Example recipe 4 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 5: Example recipe 5 Example recipe 5 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 50 Total mass of the resulting article 1000 Table 6: Example recipe 6 6 Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 600 60 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 7: Example recipe 7 Example recipe 7 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 600 60 biogas plant Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 8: Example recipe 8 Example recipe 8 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 500 50 biogas plant Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 9: Example recipe 9 Example recipe 9 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 400 40 biogas plant Sour whey 200 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 10: Example recipe 10 Example recipe 10 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 550 55 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 11: Example recipe 11 Example recipe 11 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 450 45 biogas plant Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 12: Example recipe 12 Example recipe 12 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 320 32 biogas plant Tap water 220 22 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 13: Example recipe 13 Example recipe 13 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 450 45 biogas plant Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 14: Example recipe 14 Example recipe 14 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 550 55 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 15: Example recipe 15 Example recipe 15 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 50 Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 16: Example recipe 16 16 Liquid digestate from a 400 40 biogas plant Sour whey 20 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 17: Example recipe 17 Example recipe 17 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 400 40 biogas plant Sour whey 20 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 18B: Example recipe 18 Example recipe 18 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 700 70 Citric acid 70 7 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 19B: Example recipe 19 Example recipe 19 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 710 71 Sulphuric acid (98.3%) 50 5 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 20B: Example recipe 20 Example recipe 20 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 50 Rumen content 330 33 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 21B: Example recipe 21 Example recipe 21 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 600 60 Rumen content 200 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 22B: Example recipe 22 22 Liquid digestate from a 650 65 biogas plant Pine needles 130 13 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 23B: Example recipe 23 Example recipe 23 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 380 38 biogas plant Sour whey 380 38 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 24B: Example recipe 24 Example recipe 24 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 600 60 biogas plant Sour whey 200 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 25B: Example recipe 25 Example recipe 25 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 370 37 biogas plant Sour whey 180 18 Rumen content 260 26 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 26B: Example recipe 26 Example recipe 26 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 300 30 Tap water 200 20 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 27B: Example recipe 27 Example recipe 27 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 550 55 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 28B: Example recipe 28 Example recipe 28 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 500 50 biogas plant Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 29B: Example recipe 29 Example recipe 29 Mass Share Pig manure 450 45 Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 30B: Example recipe 30 Example recipe 30 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 550 55 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 31B: Example recipe 31 Example recipe 31 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 50 Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article

[0004] Table 32B: Example recipe 32 Example recipe 32 Mass Share Pig manure 450 45 Sour whey 100 10 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 33B: Example recipe 33 Example recipe 33 Mass Share Wheat stillage 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 34B: Example recipe 34 Example recipe 34 Mass Share Wheat stillage 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 35B: Example recipe 35 Example recipe 35 Mass Share Sour whey 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 36B: Example recipe 36 Example recipe 36 Mass Share Sour whey 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 37B: Example recipe 37 Example recipe 37 Mass Share Sour whey 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 38B: Example recipe 38 38 Sour whey 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 39B: Example recipe 39 Example recipe 39 Mass Share Sour whey, nanofiltered 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 40B: Example recipe 40 Example recipe 40 Mass Share Sour whey, nanofiltered 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 41B: Example recipe 41 Example recipe 41 Mass Share Sour whey, nanofiltered 500 50 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 42B: Example recipe 42 42 Sour whey, nanofiltered 250 25 Pig manure 250 25 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 43B: Example recipe 43 43 Sour whey, nanofiltered 250 25 Pig manure 250 25 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 44B: Example recipe 44 Example recipe 44 Mass Share Sour whey, nanofiltered 250 25 Pig manure 250 25 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 45B: Example recipe 45 Example recipe 45 Mass Share Sour whey, nanofiltered 250 25 Pig manure 250 25 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 46B: Example recipe 46 Example recipe 46 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 250 25 biogas plant Sour whey 250 25 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 47B: Example recipe 47 Example recipe 47 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a 250 25 biogas plant Sour whey 250 25 Total mass of the resulting 1000 article Table 48B: Example recipe 48 Example recipe 48 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 40 Cattle wagon bedding from sawdust of coniferous wood with residues of animal excrement and urine 250 20 Total mass of the resulting article 1250 Table 49B: Example recipe 49 Example recipe 49 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 40 Cattle wagon bedding from sawdust of coniferous wood with residues of animal excrement and urine 250 20 Total mass of the resulting article 1250 Table 50B: Example recipe 50 Example recipe 50 Mass Share Liquid digestate from a biogas plant 500 40 Cattle car bedding made from sawdust of conifers with residues of animal feces and urine 250 20 Total mass of the resulting article 1250 Example C – Inventive production of articles for use in crop production The procedure described below is merely exemplary. Other embodiments of the inventive method can also be carried out. The products prepared according to the example recipes Example Recipe 1, Example Recipe 2, Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 4, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 6, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 9, Example Recipe 10, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13, Example Recipe 14, Example Recipe 15,The predefined quantities of pretreated foliage and the specified additives provided in Example Recipe 16 and Example Recipe 17 from Example B above were mixed together using a screw mixer over a period of 5 minutes to produce an article for use in plant cultivation. The according to the example recipes Example Recipe 18, Example Recipe 19, Example Recipe 20, Example Recipe 21, Example Recipe 22, Example Recipe 23, Example Recipe 24, Example Recipe 25, Example Recipe 26, Example Recipe 27, Example Recipe 28, Example Recipe 29, Example Recipe 30, Example Recipe 31, Example Recipe 32, Example Recipe 33, Example Recipe 34, Example Recipe 35, Example Recipe 36, Example Recipe 37, Example Recipe 38, Example Recipe 39, Example Recipe 40, Example Recipe 41, Example Recipe 42, Example Recipe 43, Example Recipe 44, Example Recipe 45, Example Recipe 46,The predefined quantities of pretreated foliage and the specified additives provided in Example Recipe 47, Example Recipe 48, Example Recipe 49 and Example Recipe 50 from Example B above were mixed together using a screw mixer over a period of 5 minutes to produce an article for use in crop production. The articles manufactured according to example recipes Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 9, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13, Example Recipe 15 and Example Recipe 16 for use in plant cultivation were sanitized. For this purpose, they were heated to a temperature in the range of 70 °C to 77 °C within 8 hours and, after reaching the temperature range, kept above 70 °C for more than 1 hour, so that a hygienization in the sense of pasteurization took place in accordance with Annex 2, number 2.2.1 of the "Biowaste Ordinance in the version published on April 4, 2013 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 658), which was last amended by Article 1 of the Ordinance of April 28, 2022 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 700)."The manufactured articles for use in crop production were then cooled by releasing heat into the ambient air, without any further cooling support measures. The articles for use in crop production manufactured according to Example Recipes 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, and 32 were sanitized. For this purpose, they were heated to a temperature in the range of 70 °C to 77 °C within 8 hours and, after reaching the temperature range, kept above 70 °C for more than 1 hour, so that a hygienization in the sense of pasteurization took place in accordance with Annex 2, number 2.2.1 of the "Biowaste Ordinance in the version published on 4 April 2013 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 658), which was last amended by Article 1 of the Ordinance of 28 April 2022 (Federal Law Gazette I p. 700)."Afterwards, the manufactured articles for use in plant cultivation cooled down by releasing heat into the ambient air without any further cooling support measures being carried out. The articles for use in plant cultivation produced according to the above example recipes Example Recipe 1, Example Recipe 2, Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 4, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 6, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 9, Example Recipe 10, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13, Example Recipe 14, Example Recipe 15, Example Recipe 16 and Example Recipe 17 according to the procedure from Example C above were each analyzed. For Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 9, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13, Example Recipe 15 and Example Recipe 16, the articles for use in plant cultivation sanitized according to Example D above were each examined.The according to the above example recipes Example Recipe 18, Example Recipe 19, Example Recipe 20, Example Recipe 21, Example Recipe 22, Example Recipe 23, Example Recipe 24, Example Recipe 25, Example Recipe 26, Example Recipe 27, Example Recipe 28, Example Recipe 29, Example Recipe 30, Example Recipe 31, Example Recipe 32, Example Recipe 33, Example Recipe 34, Example Recipe 35, Example Recipe 36, Example Recipe 37, Example Recipe 38, Example Recipe 39, Example Recipe 40, Example Recipe 41, Example Recipe 42, Example Recipe 43, Example Recipe 44, Example Recipe 45, Example Recipe 46, Example Recipe 47, Example Recipe 48, Example Recipe 49 and Example Recipe 50, articles for use in plant cultivation, prepared according to the procedure from Example C above, were each analyzed.For example formulation 26, example formulation 27, example formulation 28, example formulation 29, example formulation 30, example formulation 31, and example formulation 32, the articles sanitized according to Example D above for use in crop production were each tested. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, the analysis results were determined using the methods listed in Table 18 below:

[0005] Table 18: Assignment of analysis parameters to measurement methods Analysis parameter Unit Method Dry matter (DM) % VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 2.1.11991-01 Bulk density (moist), g / l VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.2.11991-01 Bulk density (dry) g / l VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.2.11991-01 pH value (CaCl2) VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 5.1.12016-01 Conductivity in H2O µS / cm VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 10.1.11991-01 Salt as KCl in H2O g / l VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 10.1.11991-01 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.1.12004-01 Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Method Book Volume I, A 13.1.12004-01 Nitrogen (N) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Method Book Volume I, A 13.1.12004-01 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Method Book Volume I, A 13.1.12004-01 Potassium (K2O) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Method Book Volume I, A 13.1.12004-01 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Method Book Volume I, A 13.1.12004-01 Boron (B) in CAT mg / l VDLUFA Method Book Volume I,A 13.1.12004-01 Calcium (Ca) in Na extract.: Na formate solution. (1+10); Measurement: ICP- rium formate mg / l OES Sodium (Na) in H2O mg / l VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.4.32012-01 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O mg / l VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.4.32012-01 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O mg / l based on DIN EN 13652 2002-01 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS % VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 4.1.3.22016-01 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS % VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 4.1.3.22016-01 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS % DIN EN 16168 2012-11 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS % DIN EN 161682012-11 C / N ratio (TOC / TN) Calculated from TOC and TN Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 mg / l VDLUFA Methods Manual Volume II.2, 3.7.52014-01 Analytical parameters listed in Table 18 above, for which no analytical results are given here, can be determined using the method specified in Table 18. The results of the analyses are shown in the following tables: Table 19,Table 20, Table 21, Table 22, Table 23, Table 23-1, Table 24, Table 24-1, Table 25, Table 26, Table 27, Table 28, Table 29, Table 30, Table 31, Table 32, Table 33, Table 34, Table 35, Table 36, Table 37 and Table 38. Samples of Example Recipe 1, Example Recipe 2, Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 4, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 6, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 10, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 16 and Example Recipe 17 were taken one week after production of the respective article for use in crop production; Samples for Example Formulation 9, Example Formulation 13, Example Formulation 14, and Example Formulation 15 were taken five weeks after production of the respective article for use in crop production. Samples for Example Formulation 26, Example Formulation 33, and Example Formulation 35 were takenExample formulation 39 and example formulation 42 were taken one week after the article was manufactured for use in crop production. Samples for example formulation 18, example formulation 19, example formulation 20, example formulation 21, example formulation 22, example formulation 23, example formulation 24, and example formulation 25 were taken three weeks after the respective article was manufactured for use in crop production. Samples for example formulation 34, example formulation 36, example formulation 40, and example formulation 43 were taken four weeks after the article was manufactured for use in crop production. Samples for example formulation 48 were taken six weeks after the article was manufactured for use in crop production. Samples for example formulation 27, example formulation 28, example formulation 29, example formulation 37, example formulation 41,Sample formulation 44 and sample formulation 46 were collected nine weeks after the respective article was manufactured for use in crop production. Samples of sample formulation 30, sample formulation 31, sample formulation 32, sample formulation 38, sample formulation 45, sample formulation 47, and sample formulation 49 were collected fourteen weeks after the respective article was manufactured for use in crop production. Samples of sample formulation 50 were collected thirty weeks after the article was manufactured for use in crop production. Table 19: Analysis results for example recipe 1, example recipe 2 and example recipe 3 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 1 Example recipe 2 Example recipe 3 Dry matter [%] 34.1 39.4 44.7 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 470 345 310 pH value in CaCl2 7.2 6.2 6.7 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 2.30 3.41 2.05 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] < 2 133 88 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 290 345 334 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1,996 1,509 1,514 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 192 152 116 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 26 28.9 31.2 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 78 73.2 69.6 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 1 0.49 0.61 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 2 1.25 1.36 Table 20: Analysis results for example recipe 4 and example recipe 5 Articles for use in Crop production according to: Example recipe 4 Example recipe 5 Dry matter [%] 50 54.4 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 260 205 pH value in CaCl 27.2 6.9 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.51 1.34 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] 36 40 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 182 189 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1325 1124 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 98 80 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 35.9 40.2 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 71.7 74 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.73 0.76 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.46 1.39 Table 21: Analysis results for example recipe 6, example recipe 7 and example recipe 8 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 6 Example recipe 7 Example recipe 8 Dry matter [%] 42 45.5 44.6 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 350 345 250 pH value in CaCl2 7.5 6.6 6.7 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.83 2.12 1.38 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] 81 125 7 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 203 360 284 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1608 1767 1325 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 113 124 102 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 28.2 32.1 15.1 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 67 70.7 33.9 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.56 0.63 0.67 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.32 1.38 1.49 C / N ratio, Table 22: Analysis results for example recipe 9, example recipe 10 and example recipe 11 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 9 Example recipe 10 Example recipe 11 Dry matter [%] 41.8 45.4 37.6 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 340 260 320 pH value in CaCl 27.2 7.2 7 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.52 1.3 1.69 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] < 2 < 2 94 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 244 186 288 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1644 1324 1392 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 124 101 115 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 16.6 17.6 13.9 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 39.8 38.8 37.1 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.72 0.75 0.52 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.73 1.65 1.38 C / N ratio Table 23: Analysis results for Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13 and Example Recipe 14 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example Recipe 12 Example Recipe 13 Example Recipe 14 Dry matter [%] 45.6 36.6 45.8 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 295 340 260 pH value in CaCl 26.7 7.4 7.3 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.45 1.56 1.29 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] < 2 < 2 < 2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 261 273 201 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1422 1485 1365 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 127 138 106 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / L] --- 2.3 1.9 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / L] 404 397 385 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / L] --- 47 41 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / L] --- 12 10.7

[0006] Table 23-1: Further analysis results for example recipe 12 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 12 Example recipe 13 Example recipe 14 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 16.5 8.2 22.6 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 36.1 22.3 49.3

[0007] Table 24: Analysis results for example recipe 15, example recipe 16 and example recipe 17 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 15 Example recipe 16 Example recipe 17 Dry matter [%] 41.4 35.9 34.9 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 325 305 310 pH value in CaCl 27.1 6.7 7.1 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.73 1.73 1.64 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] < 2 23 8 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 331 295 230 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1680 1353 1381 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 131 134 131 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / L] 2.7 2.8 2.1 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / L] 472 407 421 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / L] 60 146 133 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 Table 24-1: Further analysis results for Example Recipe 16 and Example Recipe 17 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example Recipe 15 Example Recipe 16 Example Recipe 17 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 14.4 14.4 14.2 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 34.7 40.1 40.6

[0008] Table 25: Analysis results for Example Recipe 18, Example Recipe 19 and Example Recipe 20 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example Recipe 18 Example Recipe 19 Example Recipe 20 Dry matter [%] 31.3 30.6 24.1 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 410 470 475 pH value in CaCl 24.6 1.8 8 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 5.5 21.84 3.03 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] 186 681 160 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 390 826 385 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1800 2310 1838 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 217 344 135 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 24.4 23.4 18.5 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 77.9 76.7 76.9 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.47 0.53 0.46 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS 1.49 1.74 1.89 Table 26: Analysis results for Example Recipe 21, Example Recipe 22 and Example Recipe 23 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example Recipe 21 Example Recipe 22 Example Recipe 23 Dry matter [%] 26.2 34.4 27 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 425 410 475 pH value in CaCl 27.9 7.7 7.8 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 2.79 2.31 2.91 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] 66 128 40 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 273 221 363 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1844 1553 2054 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 118 117 149 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 20.6 26.1 21.1 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 78.5 75.8 78.2 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.47 0.48 0.44 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.79 1.4 1.64 Table 27: Analysis results for example recipe 24, example recipe 25 and example recipe 26 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 24 Example recipe 25 Example recipe 26 Dry matter [%] 28.2 22.1 44.3 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 420 625 270 pH value in CaCl27.7 8 6.4 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 2.29 4.15 1.61 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] 3 130 41 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 253 361 277 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1918 2364 1235 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 134 145 148 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 22.7 16.4 -- Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 80.6 74.3 -- Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.48 0.37 0.56 Total nitrogen (TN) in dry matter 1.7 1.67 1.26, Table 28: Analysis results for example recipe 24, example recipe 25 and example recipe 26 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 26 C / N ratio (TOC / TN) 31 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / l] 2.8 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 373 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 133 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 17.5 Total organic carbon (TOC) in TS [%] 39.6 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / l] 47 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 51 Calcium (Ca) in sodium formate [mg / l] 1169

[0009] Table 29: Analysis results for example recipe 27, example recipe 28 and example recipe 29 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 27 Example recipe 28 Example recipe 29 Dry matter [%] 45.2 41.6 38.5 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 310 310 355 pH value in CaCl 27.3 7 7.4 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.64 1.73 1.71 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] <2 <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 218 286 259 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1693 1604 1687 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 127 128 145 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 489 481 467 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 37 37 32 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / l] 11.73 1066 8.9 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 64 72 75

[0010] Table 30: Analysis results for example recipe 30, example recipe 31 and example recipe 32 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 30 Example recipe 31 Example recipe 32 Dry matter [%] 45.1 43.8 37.6 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 142 140 150 pH value in CaCl27.3 7.1 7.3 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.5 1.68 1.74 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] <2 <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 200 287 302 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1582 1663 1787 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 120 126 156 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / l] 2 2.3 2.4 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 468 505 484 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 30 41 39 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / l] 9.16 11.66 10.4 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 91 114 121

[0011] Table 31: Analysis results for Example Recipe 33 and Example Recipe 34 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example Recipe 33 Example Recipe 34 Dry matter [%] 47.9 51.6 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 310 360 pH value in CaCl2 6.8 6.8 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.22 1.64 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 266 331 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 980 1151 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 122 148 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 360 420 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 35 34 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 123 141

[0012] Table 32: Analysis results for example recipe 35 and example recipe 36 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 35 Example recipe 36 Dry matter [%] 45.2 48.5 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 250 225 pH value in CaCl2 5.2 6.8 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 2.18 1.05 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 338 283 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 767 766 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 117 82 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.54 0.59 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.2 1.22 C / N ratio (TOC / TN) 28 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / L] 1.9 1.3 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 272 308 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 44 26 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 15.4 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 34.1 17.14 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / l] Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 108 104

[0013] Table 33: Analysis results for example recipe 37 and example recipe 38 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 37 Example recipe 38 Dry matter [%] 42 39.3 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 305 350 pH value in CaCl27.1 7.1 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.05 1.22 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 316 351 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 882 916 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 99 115 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 295 306 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 25 25 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 120 121

[0014] Table 34: Analysis results for example recipe 39, example recipe 40 and example recipe 41 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 39 Example recipe 40 Example recipe 41 Dry matter [%] 52.2 58.3 47.9 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 300 195 285 pH value in CaCl24.5 6 7.2 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 3.85 1.17 1.34 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] 17 <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 723 237 275 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 839 589 818 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 185 88 109 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.62 0.78 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.18 1.34 C / N ratio (TOC / TN) 29 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / L] 2.5 0.94 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 414 357 451 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 88 25 25 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 18 34.6 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / l] 31.86 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 114 83 118

[0015] Table 35: Analysis results for example recipe 42 and example recipe 43 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 42 Example recipe 43 Dry matter [%] 48.5 44.7 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 275 295 pH value in CaCl2 6.4 7.2 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.66 1.34 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] <2 4 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 348 319 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 942 887 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 124 111 Total nitrogen (TN) in FS [%] 0.67 0.67 Total nitrogen (TN) in TS [%] 1.39 1.49 C / N ratio (TOC / TN) 24 Boron (B) in CAT [mg / L] 1.6 1.3 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 399 387 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 35 25 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 16.4 Total organic carbon (TOC) in FS [%] 33.7 12.4 Sulfur (S) in CaCl2 [mg / l] Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 106 100

[0016] Table 36: Analysis results for example recipe 44 and example recipe 45 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 44 Example recipe 45 Dry matter [%] 49.4 47.7 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 310 290 pH value in CaCl2 7.1 7.1 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.58 1.53 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] <2 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 349 314 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1207 916 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 132 131 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 489 449 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 25 25 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 137 129

[0017] Table 37: Analysis results for example recipe 46 and example recipe 47 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 46 Example recipe 47 Dry matter [%] 44.1 50 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 385 320 pH value in CaCl2 7.2 7.2 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 1.76 1.68 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / l] 5 <2 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 341 317 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 1518 1359 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 137 123 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 606 502 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 25 25 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 200 173

[0018] Table 38: Analysis results for example recipe 48 and example recipe 49 Articles for use in crop production according to: Example recipe 48 Example recipe 49 Example recipe 50 Dry matter [%] 32.9 35.5 33.5 Bulk density (moist) [g / L] 675 600 650 pH value in CaCl2 7.9 8.1 7.6 Salt as KCl in H2O [g / L] 2.24 2.55 3.28 Ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) in CAT [mg / L] 11 <2 <1 Phosphorus (P2O5) in CAT [mg / L] 266 244 331 Potassium (K2O) in CAT [mg / L] 2273 2247 2616 Magnesium (Mg) in CAT [mg / L] 229 215 265 Chloride (Cl-) in H2O [mg / l] 542 553 622 Sulfate (SO4) in H2O [mg / l] 60 30 Sodium (Na) in H2O [mg / l] 160 159 186

[0019] F – Odour tests The articles for use in plant cultivation produced according to the above example recipes Example Recipe 1, Example Recipe 2, Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 4, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 6, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 9, Example Recipe 10, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13, Example Recipe 14, Example Recipe 15, Example Recipe 16 and Example Recipe 17 according to the procedure from Example C above were each subjected to an odour test. The articles hygienized according to Example D above for use in plant cultivation were examined from Example Recipe 3, Example Recipe 5, Example Recipe 7, Example Recipe 8, Example Recipe 9, Example Recipe 11, Example Recipe 12, Example Recipe 13, Example Recipe 15 and Example Recipe 16.The articles for use in plant cultivation produced according to the above example recipes Example Recipe 18, Example Recipe 19, Example Recipe 20, Example Recipe 21, Example Recipe 22, Example Recipe 23, Example Recipe 24, Example Recipe 25, Example Recipe 26, Example Recipe 27, Example Recipe 28, Example Recipe 29, Example Recipe 30, Example Recipe 31 and Example Recipe 32 according to the procedure from Example C above were each subjected to an odor test.The articles hygienized according to Example D above for use in plant cultivation were examined for Example Recipe 26, Example Recipe 27, Example Recipe 28, Example Recipe 29, Example Recipe 30, Example Recipe 31, Example Recipe 32, Example Recipe 33, Example Recipe 34, Example Recipe 35, Example Recipe 36, Example Recipe 37, Example Recipe 38, Example Recipe 39, Example Recipe 40, Example Recipe 41, Example Recipe 42, Example Recipe 43, Example Recipe 44, Example Recipe 45, Example Recipe 46, Example Recipe 47, Example Recipe 48, Example Recipe 49 and Example Recipe 50. A 100 cm³ sample of the article for use in crop production according to each example recipe was taken at a temperature of 20 °C and presented to one member of an untrained sensory panel consisting of ten people for evaluation.In a blind test, all members of the sensory panel evaluated the inherent odor at 20°C. The inherent odor of all samples was rated significantly more positively than the inherent odor of the comparatively evaluated substances under identical conditions: digestate, acid whey, biochar, hair meal, horn shavings, horn meal, and sugar waste. Furthermore, the inherent odor of all samples was rated significantly more positively than the inherent odor of the comparatively evaluated substances under identical conditions: acid whey, nanofiltered acid whey, and cattle car bedding (sawdust with residues of animal feces and urine). The inherent odor of all samples of the respective articles for use in crop production was rated by all members of the sensory panel as advantageous in the field of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, comprising at least the steps: (S1) producing or providing a predefined amount of pretreated foliage in a first container; (S2) producing or providing, in each case in a predefined amount, one, two, three or more substances as additives in at least one second container; (S3) contact-mixing pretreated foliage with one, two, three or more substances as additives, resulting in an article for use in plant cultivation.Method according to claim 1, wherein the one, two, three or more substances are selected as additives from the group consisting of: - digestate, - acid whey, filtered and / or unfiltered - cattle car bedding, preferably cattle car bedding made from sawdust with residues of animal feces and / or urine, particularly preferably cattle car bedding made from sawdust of coniferous trees with residues of animal feces and / or urine, - vegetable charcoal, - nettle broth, - animal meal, preferably hair meal, horn shavings and / or horn meal, - coffee grounds, - needles of coniferous trees, preferably pine needles, - contents of the animal digestive system, preferably stomach contents, intestinal contents and / or bladder contents, particularly preferably stomach contents, very particularly preferably rumen contents, - juice industry waste, preferably peels of fruits and / or whole fruits, in particular citrus fruits, - sugar waste, - grain hulls and / or grain husks. and - other suitable industrial waste.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein pretreated leaves are produced in step (S1), and the production of the pretreated leaves comprises at least the following step: (S1-a) Tearing leaves, preferably tearing leaves with a spiked roller, so that pieces of leaves result as pretreated leaves. 4.Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in step (S1) pretreated foliage is produced and the production of the pretreated foliage comprises at least the following step: (S1-b) conditioning foliage, wherein the conditioning comprises adjusting the moisture in the foliage by drying and / or moistening the foliage, so that conditioned foliage results; and / or conditioning foliage pieces as pretreated foliage, wherein the conditioning comprises adjusting the moisture in the foliage pieces as pretreated foliage by drying and / or moistening the foliage pieces as pretreated foliage, so that conditioned pretreated foliage results; wherein the conditioning of foliage and / or the conditioning of pretreated foliage in step (S1-b) is preferably carried out such that foliage and / or pretreated foliage are provided with a water content in the range of 5 wt.% to 40 wt.-% results, preferably with a water content in the range of 6 wt.% to 35 wt.%, particularly preferably with a water content in the range of 7 wt.% to 30 wt.%, in each case based on the total mass of the conditioned foliage or the produced conditioned pretreated foliage.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein - the contacting mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3) is carried out over a period of time from 2 minutes to 30 minutes, preferably from 3 minutes to 10 minutes, particularly preferably from 4 minutes to 7 minutes; and / or - the contacting mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3) is carried out in such a way that initially 15 wt.% to 45 wt.%, preferably 20 wt.% to 40 wt.%, particularly preferably 25 wt.% to 35 wt.%, of the produced or provided pretreated leaves are mixed with 100 wt.-% of the manufactured or provided aggregates are premixed in contact to form a premix of pretreated foliage and aggregates, and this premix of pretreated foliage and aggregates is then mixed in contact with the remaining quantity of the manufactured or provided pretreated foliage to form an article for use in crop production. 6.Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - after the contacting mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives, so that an article for use in plant cultivation results, in step (S3), a further method step (S4) is carried out, consisting of or comprising: - heating the article for use in plant cultivation to a defined temperature in the range from 60 °C to 90 °C, preferably in the range from 68 °C to 82 °C, particularly preferably in the range from 70 °C to 77 °C; wherein preferably. - the heating of the article for use in plant cultivation to a defined temperature in the range from 60°C to 90°C, preferably in the range from 68°C to 82°C, particularly preferably in the range from 70°C to 77°C is carried out in such a way that the temperature is kept within the defined range for a period of 2 hours to 12 hours, preferably from 3 hours to 10 hours, particularly preferably from 5 hours to 8 hours, so that a refined article for use in plant cultivation results; particularly preferably the heating of the article for use in plant cultivation to a defined temperature is carried out in such a way that a hygienic refined article for use in plant cultivation results.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the mass ratio of produced or provided pretreated foliage in step (S1) on the one hand and produced or provided additive ormanufactured or provided additives in step (S2), on the other hand, is selected such that the article for use in plant cultivation resulting in step (S3) during contact mixing of pretreated foliage with one, two, three or more substances as additives has a water content in the range from 6 wt.% to 50 wt.%, preferably in the range from 7 wt.% to 40 wt.%, particularly preferably in the range from 8 wt.% to 35 wt.%, very particularly preferably in the range from 25 wt.% to 30 wt.%; and / or - the resulting article for use in plant cultivation, preferably the dried article for use in plant cultivation, has a pH in the range from pH 3 to pH 7.5, preferably in the range from pH 4 to pH 7, particularly preferably in the range from pH 4.5 to pH 6.8, very particularly preferably in the range from pH 5 to pH 6; and / or. - in step (S3), during the contact mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives, the resulting article for use in plant cultivation is mixed with portions of crushed rock in an additional process step. 8.Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pretreated leaves produced or provided in step (S1) originate from deciduous trees and have fallen from the trees seasonally; and / or wherein the pretreated leaves are in comminuted form as leaf pieces, and at least 90% of the leaf pieces, preferably at least 95% of the leaf pieces, have no dimension of more than 30 mm in any spatial direction, preferably of more than 25 mm, particularly preferably of more than 20 mm; and / or wherein the pretreated leaves are in comminuted form as leaf pieces, at least 90% of the leaf pieces, preferably at least 95% of the leaf pieces, have a dimension of less than 5 mm in at least two spatial directions, preferably of less than 4 mm, particularly preferably of less than 3 mm, very particularly preferably of less than 1 mm.Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - during the contact mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3), so that the article for use in plant cultivation results, animal excrement is additionally present; and - the animal excrement present has a water content of more than 70% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, in each case based on the total mass of animal excrement used in the method.

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - in at least 90 out of 100 each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3of the volume elements selected for use in crop production resulting from step (S3), the sodium content, determined using the VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.4.3, 2012-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the sodium content in the granules as a whole; and / or - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3 of the article selected for use in crop production resulting in step (S3), the proportion of dry matter, determined by means of VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 2.1.1, 1991-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the proportion of sodium in the granules as a whole; and / or - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3 of the article for use in plant cultivation selected in step (S3), the pH value, CaCl2, determined using VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 5.1.1, 2016-01, differs by no more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the proportion of sodium in the granules as a whole; and / or - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3 of the article resulting in step (S3) for use in crop production, the nitrate nitrogen, NO3-N, in CAT, determined by means of VDLUFA Methods Book Volume I, A 13.1.1, 2004-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by not differs by more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the total sodium content in the granules; and / or - in at least 90 out of 100, each 100 cm 3 large, arbitrarily composed of a total mass of 1 m 3of the volume elements selected for use in crop production resulting in step (S3), the total proportion of organic carbon, TOC, in the dry matter, determined using VDLUFA Method Book Volume I, A 4.1.3.2, 2016-01, does not differ by more than 30%, preferably by no more than 20%, particularly preferably by no more than 10%, based on the proportion of sodium in the granulate as a whole.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein during the contact mixing of pretreated leaves with one, two, three or more substances as additives in step (S3), at least two, three or more substances are present as additives and wherein - as at least one of the two, three or more substances as additives digestate is selected, preferably hygienized digestate is selected and wherein the mass fraction of pretreated leaves is in the range from 20 wt.% to 90 wt.%, preferably in the range from 40 wt.-% to 85 wt.%, particularly preferably in the range from 45 wt.% to 75 wt.%, very particularly preferably in the range from 48 wt.% to 62 wt.%, very particularly preferably in the range from 50 wt.% to 60 wt.%.

12. Article for use in plant cultivation, produced in a process according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, preferably comprising proportions of crushed rock, such as, for example, sand.

13. Use of an article for use in plant cultivation according to claim 12 in agriculture and / or horticulture.

14. Pretreated foliage, produced in a process comprising process steps of the preceding claims 7 to 8.

15. Kit for producing an article for use in plant cultivation, preferably for producing an article for use in plant cultivation according to claim 9, particularly preferably for producing an article for use in plant cultivation in a method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, at least comprising: - as or in a first component of the kit, a quantity of pretreated foliage;- as or in a second component of the kit, a quantity of one, two, three or more substances as additives, which are selected from the group consisting of: - digestate - acid whey - vegetable charcoal - animal meal, preferably hair meal, horn shavings and / or horn meal - coffee grounds - needles from conifers, preferably pine needles - contents of the animal digestive system, preferably stomach contents, intestinal contents and / or bladder contents, particularly preferably stomach contents, most particularly preferably rumen contents - juice industry waste - sugar waste - grain hulls and / or grain husks and - other suitable industrial waste; wherein the first and second components of the kit are arranged spatially separately from one another.;

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