Ecological restoration matrix based on regenerated material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological restoration matrix based on regenerated materials and a preparation method of the ecological restoration matrix, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The concrete components are as follows: 10-20 parts of a gel material, 45-60 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4-9 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 3-8 parts of charcoal, 10-20 parts of coco coir, 3-5 parts of a pH regulator, 1-2 parts of a slow-release compound fertilizer and 40-60 parts of water. According to the ecological restoration matrix disclosed by the invention, the destroyed path of the ecological restoration matrix is greatly improved, so that the ecological restoration matrix has excellent restoration durability, and the ecological restoration matrix with a more stable continuous pore structure can also provide a longer and better growth substratum and a water vapor channel for plants; therefore, a more excellent ecological restoration function is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and specifically relates to an ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the generation of various solid wastes has increased sharply, becoming a global environmental problem. It not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also improper stacking or disposal may cause secondary pollution to soil, water sources and the atmosphere, seriously threatening the ecological environment and human health. Traditional treatment methods such as landfilling and stacking are not only inefficient, but also fail to fully utilize the resource value contained therein, which is contrary to the concept of sustainable development and circular economy. Therefore, how to realize the large-scale and high-value utilization of these solid wastes has become a key problem to be solved urgently in the fields of environmental engineering, materials science, etc.

[0003] At the same time, activities such as mining, engineering construction, and soil erosion have caused extensive land degradation and ecosystem damage problems. The damaged areas often show characteristics such as poor soil fertility, damaged structure, poor water-holding capacity, and difficulty in vegetation restoration, and effective ecological restoration is urgently needed.

[0004] The prior art, such as the Chinese invention patent with the application number: CN201510359236.9, discloses an ecological restoration green plant substrate for steep slope reinforcement and a preparation method thereof, including the following steps: 1) By weight, mix 5-15 parts of low-alkali sulphoaluminate cement, 5-20 parts of perlite, 5-40 parts of peat soil, 5-10 parts of palm fiber, 5-10 parts of active silica, and 5-10 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin evenly to obtain A; 2) Mix 8-20 parts of dichlorotetrafluoroethane, 2-8 parts of bone glue powder, and add 10-30 parts of water evenly to obtain B; 3) Add 8-10 parts of peat soil to 5-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and mix evenly to obtain a slurry, add 15-40 parts of selected seeds to the slurry and mix evenly to obtain C; 4) Mix A and C evenly to obtain a mixture; 5) Mix B with the mixture obtained in step 4) evenly to obtain an ecological restoration green plant substrate for steep slope reinforcement.

[0005] The substrates in the above prior art have insufficient stability in terms of long-term durability, weather resistance, wet-dry cycling, etc. In particular, organic binders such as urea-formaldehyde resin and bone glue powder are easily decomposed in the natural environment, which may cause the destruction of the substrate structure and affect the long-term greening effect.

[0006] Moreover, existing traditional ecological restoration methods, such as soil backfilling, are costly and have limited soil sources; simply using organic mulch or geotechnical materials can play a certain role in short-term covering and water retention, but for slopes and embankments with high structural stability requirements or severe erosion, their long-term stability is insufficient, unable to maintain the continuous pore structure of the ecological restoration matrix for a long time, and is prone to premature damage and blockage due to freeze-thaw, weathering, etc., resulting in limited water permeability, air permeability, and plant root growth space.

[0007] Therefore, to fill the technical gap in the market, this application provides an ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials and its preparation method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the defect problems in the above technical solutions, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials and its preparation method; the purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials, by weight, its specific composition is: 10-20 parts of gel material, 45-60 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4-9 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 3-8 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of coconut coir, 1-2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40-60 parts of water.

[0009] The gel material is a gel material based on recycled materials. By weight, its composition is as follows, including: 35-45 parts of waste steel slag powder, 5-10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 8-15 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 5-10 parts of carbide slag.

[0010] The waste steel slag powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of 400-500 m² / kg; The desulfurized gypsum in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of 350-450 m² / kg; The waste ceramic powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 600 m² / kg; The carbide slag in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 400 m² / kg; The fineness of the fly ash in the gel material meets the requirements of Class II fly ash.

[0011] The pH regulator is composed of humic acid powder and phosphogypsum powder with a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0012] The slow-release compound fertilizer is composed of polyurethane-coated urea, potassium sulfate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0013] The preparation method of the self-made modified recycled aggregate: Place the washed and dried recycled aggregate in a 12% (w / w) methyltriethoxysilane emulsion, with the emulsion completely submerging the recycled aggregate. The soaking time is 36 h, and during the soaking process, stir thoroughly every 8 h to ensure that the surface of the recycled aggregate can fully contact the methyltriethoxysilane emulsion. After soaking, take out the recycled aggregate and dry it thoroughly at room temperature to obtain the self-made modified recycled aggregate.

[0014] The recycled aggregate is a continuously graded aggregate with a particle size of 5 - 20 mm.

[0015] The preparation method of the self-made modified straw fiber: Add N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water to an ethanol solution, stir thoroughly to form a mixed solution, and then slowly add acetic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4. After the pH stabilizes, continue magnetic stirring for 30 min. Then, completely immerse the dried straw fiber in the above mixed solution and react for 2 h. During the soaking process, the straw fiber needs to be frequently turned to ensure that the mixed solution fully contacts the straw fiber. After the reaction is completed, take out the straw fiber and wash it with ethanol to ensure that the unreacted products are completely removed. Then, place the washed straw fiber in an oven and dry it to a constant weight at a temperature of 70 °C to obtain the self-made modified straw fiber.

[0016] During the preparation process of the self-made modified straw fiber, the volume ratio of ethanol : N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane : deionized water is 20 : 1 : 1. The straw fiber is specifically rice straw, with an average length of 6 mm, an oil absorption rate of 8%, a moisture content of 4%, and a pH value of 7.0.

[0017] A preparation method of a gel material based on recycled materials: Add all the powdered components of weighed steel slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, waste ceramic powder, and carbide slag to a double-screw conical mixer and conduct dry mixing for 30 min. After all components are evenly distributed, the gel material based on recycled materials is prepared.

[0018] An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials: First, add the self-made modified recycled aggregate and part of the water to a mixer and stir to fully wet the surface of the self-made modified recycled aggregate. Then, add the gel material, biochar, coconut coir, pH regulator, and slow-release compound fertilizer, and continue stirring for 10 min. Finally, add the self-made modified straw fiber and the remaining water, and continue stirring for 3 min to obtain the ecological restoration matrix.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. The self-made modified recycled aggregate introduced into the ecological restoration matrix of this application is soaked in methyltriethoxysilane emulsion for a long time. The ethoxy groups in it react with water to form silanol groups. And since it is recycled aggregate, its surface contains hydroxyl groups from old cement paste. The silanol groups react with the hydroxyl groups to form stable covalent bonds, thus grafting methyltriethoxysilane onto the surface of the recycled aggregate; it can reduce the water absorption of the recycled aggregate, thereby improving the compressive strength of the ecological restoration matrix and enhancing its freeze-thaw resistance; 2. The self-made modified straw fiber introduced into the ecological restoration matrix of this application can enhance the compatibility and bonding strength between the straw fiber and the cementitious material through the reaction of N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with the straw fiber, improving the mechanical properties of the ecological restoration matrix; and when the matrix cracks, it can more effectively transfer stress and absorb more energy through bridging, thereby improving the toughness and stability of the ecological restoration matrix; 3. The ecological restoration matrix of this application, through the synergistic effect of the self-made modified recycled aggregate and the self-made modified straw fiber, greatly increases the path of damage to the ecological restoration matrix, making the ecological restoration matrix have excellent repair durability. Through the synergistic effect, the ecological restoration matrix can maintain the continuous pore structure of the ecological restoration matrix over a relatively long time span, preventing it from being prematurely damaged and blocked due to freeze-thaw, weathering and other effects, and ensuring the long-term effectiveness of its water permeability, air permeability and plant root growth space; and the more durable and more stable continuous pore structure of the ecological restoration matrix can also provide a longer-term and better growth attachment base and water-vapor channel for plants, thereby achieving more excellent ecological restoration functions; 4. A large number of low-carbon and environmentally friendly raw materials such as industrial waste and recycled materials are used in the ecological restoration matrix formula of this application, which not only reduces carbon emissions but also realizes the recycling of resources. Specific Embodiments

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Each intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded within the range.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0022] Without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of this invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the specification of this invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The specification and examples of this invention are merely exemplary.

[0023] Regarding "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0024] The "parts" mentioned in the following examples are all parts by weight.

[0025] Example 1 An ecological restoration matrix, by weight parts, is composed as follows, including: 10 parts of gel material, 45 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 3 parts of biochar, 10 parts of coconut coir, 3 parts of pH regulator, 1 part of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40 parts of water.

[0026] The gel material is a gel material based on recycled materials, by weight parts, is composed as follows, including: 35 parts of steel slag powder, 5 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 25 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 5 parts of carbide slag.

[0027] The steel slag powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of 400 - 500 m² / kg; The desulfurized gypsum in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of 350 - 450 m² / kg The waste ceramic powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 600 m² / kg; The carbide slag in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 400 m² / kg; The fineness of the fly ash in the gel material meets the requirements of Class II fly ash.

[0028] The pH regulator is composed of humic acid powder and phosphogypsum powder with a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0029] Preparation method of the gel material based on recycled materials: Add the weighed powdered components of steel slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, waste ceramic powder, and carbide slag into a double-screw conical mixer, and carry out dry mixing for 30 minutes. After all components are evenly distributed, the gel material based on recycled materials is prepared.

[0030] Preparation method of the self-made modified recycled aggregate: Place the rinsed and dried recycled aggregate in a 12% (w / w) methyltriethoxysilane emulsion, and the emulsion completely submerges the recycled aggregate. The soaking time is 36 hours, and it is stirred thoroughly every 8 hours during the soaking process to ensure that the surface of the recycled aggregate can fully contact the methyltriethoxysilane emulsion; after soaking, take out the recycled aggregate and dry it thoroughly at room temperature to obtain the self-made modified recycled aggregate.

[0031] Specifically in implementation, the recycled aggregate is a continuously graded aggregate with a particle size of 5 - 20 mm.

[0032] Preparation method of the self-made modified straw fiber: Add N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water to an ethanol solution, stir thoroughly to form a mixed solution, and then slowly add acetic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4. After the pH is stable, continue magnetic stirring for 30 minutes; then completely immerse the dried straw fiber in the above mixed solution and react for 2 hours. During the soaking process, the straw fiber needs to be frequently turned to ensure that the mixed solution fully contacts the straw fiber; after the reaction is completed, take out the straw fiber and wash it with ethanol to ensure that the unreacted products are completely removed; then place the washed straw fiber in an oven and dry it to a constant weight at a temperature of 70 degrees Celsius to obtain the self-made modified straw fiber.

[0033] Specifically in implementation, during the preparation process of the self-made modified straw fiber, the volume ratio of ethanol:N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane:deionized water is 20:1:1; Specifically in implementation, the straw fiber is specifically rice straw, with an average length of 6 mm, an oil absorption rate of 8%, a moisture content of 4%, and a pH value of 7.0, and it is purchased from commercially available products.

[0034] Specifically in implementation, the slow-release compound fertilizer is composed of polyurethane-coated urea, potassium sulfate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with a mass ratio of 1:1:1; the polyurethane-coated urea is purchased from Jinan Xiangchunyuan Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.; the potassium sulfate is purchased from Zhengzhou Jiajie Chemical Products Co., Ltd.; the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is purchased from Shandong Suian Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0035] A method for preparing an ecological restoration matrix: First, add self-made modified recycled aggregate and part of the water into a blender and stir to fully wet the surface of the self-made modified recycled aggregate; then add gel material, biochar, coconut coir, pH regulator, slow-release compound fertilizer, and continue to stir for 10 min; finally, add self-made modified straw fiber and the remaining water, and continue to stir for 3 min to prepare the ecological restoration matrix.

[0036] Specifically, the coconut coir is dry coconut coir, and during the preparation of the ecological restoration matrix, the dry coconut coir needs to absorb water before use, and the water absorption amount is 5-7 times the mass of the coconut coir.

[0037] Example 2 An ecological restoration matrix, by weight, consists of the following components: 12 parts of gel material, 50 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 5 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 4 parts of biochar, 13 parts of coconut coir, 3.5 parts of pH regulator, 1 part of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 45 parts of water.

[0038] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, consists of the following components: 38 parts of steel slag powder, 6 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 28 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 6 parts of carbide slag.

[0039] Among them, in Example 2, the preparation method of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation method of the self-made modified recycled aggregate, the preparation method of the self-made modified straw fiber, and the preparation method of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0040] Example 3 An ecological restoration matrix, by weight, consists of the following components: 15 parts of gel material, 53 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 7 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 6 parts of biochar, 15 parts of coconut coir, 4 parts of pH regulator, 2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 50 parts of water.

[0041] A gel material based on recycled materials, by weight, consists of the following components: 40 parts of steel slag powder, 8 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts of fly ash, 12 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 8 parts of carbide slag.

[0042] Among them, in Example 3, the preparation method of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation method of the self-made modified recycled aggregate, the preparation method of the self-made modified straw fiber, and the preparation method of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0043] Example 4 An ecological restoration matrix is composed of the following components by weight: 18 parts of gel material, 57 parts of homemade modified recycled aggregate, 8 parts of homemade modified straw fiber, 7 parts of biochar, 18 parts of coconut bran, 4.5 parts of pH regulator, 2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts of water.

[0044] A gel material based on recycled materials has the following composition by weight: 42 parts of waste steel slag powder, 9 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts of fly ash, 14 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts of carbide slag.

[0045] Among them, in Example 4, the preparation method of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation method of the homemade modified recycled aggregate, the preparation method of the homemade modified straw fiber, and the preparation method of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as in Example 1.

[0046] Example 5 An ecological restoration matrix is composed of the following components by weight: 20 parts of gel material, 60 parts of homemade modified recycled aggregate, 9 parts of homemade modified straw fiber, 8 parts of biochar, 20 parts of coconut bran, 5 parts of pH regulator, 2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 60 parts of water.

[0047] A gel material based on recycled materials has the following composition by weight: 45 parts of waste steel slag powder, 10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 35 parts of fly ash, 15 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 10 parts of carbide slag.

[0048] Among them, in Example 5, the preparation method of the gel material based on recycled materials, the preparation method of the homemade modified recycled aggregate, the preparation method of the homemade modified straw fiber, and the preparation method of the ecological restoration matrix are all the same as those in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 1 An ecological restoration matrix is composed of the following components by weight: 18 parts of gel material, 57 parts of recycled aggregate, 8 parts of homemade modified straw fiber, 7 parts of biochar, 18 parts of coconut bran, 4.5 parts of pH regulator, 2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts of water.

[0050] A gel material based on recycled materials has the following composition by weight: 42 parts of waste steel slag powder, 9 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts of fly ash, 14 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts of carbide slag.

[0051] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 is that the modification operation of the recycled aggregate is omitted, and instead the commercially available product is directly applied to the ecological restoration matrix.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 An ecological restoration matrix is composed of the following components by weight: 18 parts of gel material, 57 parts of homemade modified recycled aggregate, 8 parts of straw fiber, 7 parts of biochar, 18 parts of coconut bran, 4.5 parts of pH regulator, 2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts of water.

[0053] A gel material based on recycled materials has the following composition by weight: 42 parts of waste steel slag powder, 9 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts of fly ash, 14 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts of carbide slag.

[0054] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 4 is that the modification operation on the straw fiber is omitted, and instead the commercially available product is directly applied to the ecological restoration matrix.

[0055] Comparative Example 3 An ecological restoration matrix is composed of the following components by weight: 18 parts of gel material, 57 parts of recycled aggregate, 8 parts of straw fiber, 7 parts of biochar, 18 parts of coconut bran, 4.5 parts of pH regulator, 2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 55 parts of water.

[0056] A gel material based on recycled materials has the following composition by weight: 42 parts of waste steel slag powder, 9 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 32 parts of fly ash, 14 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 9 parts of carbide slag.

[0057] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 4 is that the modification operation of the recycled aggregate and straw fiber is omitted, and instead the commercially available products are directly applied to the ecological restoration matrix.

[0058] Test example Compressive strength test: The prepared ecological restoration matrix was subjected to a compressive strength test with reference to the "Standard Test Method for Performance of Ordinary Concrete Mixtures", and the 7d and 28d compressive strengths were calculated.

[0059] Freeze-thaw resistance test: refer to the slow freezing test conditions in the standard GB / T 50082-2009 "Standard for test methods for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete", re-test the compressive strength after 75 freeze-thaw cycles, and record the compressive strength retention rate; Substrate loss test: The ecological restoration substrate was prepared into a cylindrical sample with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm. After solidification, the initial mass was first weighed and recorded. Then the sample was placed under a water flushing device and flushed with water at a water pressure of 0.5 MPa and a flow rate of 10 L / min for 60 minutes. The sample was then dried to a constant weight, and the calculated loss weight was recorded, which was the substrate loss.

[0060] Substrate stability test: After preparing the ecological restoration substrate into 100mm×100mm×20mm plate-like samples and curing them, a wet-dry cycle test was carried out. The samples were immersed in water for 24 hours, and then dried in an oven at 60°C for 24 hours. This cycle was repeated 10 times to simulate natural environmental changes. After the cycle ended, the surface of the samples was observed, and the crack width and peeling situation were recorded.

[0061] Vegetation coverage rate: In a 1m×1m test plot, lay the ecological restoration substrate with a thickness of 100mm to ensure uniform distribution; then sow ryegrass evenly on the substrate; during sowing, the pH values of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were all measured to be between 6.5 and 7.5, and the sowing density was 100 seeds / m 2 , keep the greenhouse at 25°C, with a light intensity of 12 hours per day, and water regularly; after growing for 3 months, estimate the vegetation coverage rate of each cell by the grid method.

[0062] The test results of various performances are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0063] Comprehensive performance analysis: Examples 1-5 adopting the technical solution of the present invention all have good compressive strength and compressive strength retention rate, and the performance indicators in terms of substrate loss, substrate stability, and vegetation coverage rate are also excellent. The technical solution of this application has excellent ecological restoration function.

[0064] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 is that Comparative Example 1 omitted the modification operation on the recycled aggregate and directly applied the commercially available product to the ecological restoration substrate; the unmodified recycled aggregate has inherent defects, with a relatively high water absorption rate and unable to achieve high mechanical properties; and the self-made modified recycled aggregate introduced in the technical solution of this application, through long-term immersion in methyltriethoxysilane emulsion, the ethoxy group reacts with water to form silanol groups, and since it is a recycled aggregate, its surface contains hydroxyl groups from the old cement slurry, and the silanol groups react with the hydroxyl groups to form stable covalent bonds, thereby grafting methyltriethoxysilane onto the surface of the recycled aggregate; it can reduce the water absorption of the recycled aggregate, thereby improving the compressive strength of the ecological restoration substrate and enhancing the freeze-thaw resistance.

[0065] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 4 is that the modification operation on the straw fiber is omitted. The straw fiber without any modification contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, has strong hydrophilicity, is easy to absorb water and expand, and has poor compatibility with the cementitious material matrix, which will greatly affect the uniformity and durability of the ecological restoration matrix. The reason why Example 4 of the present application achieves such excellent performance is that: through the reaction of N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane with the straw fiber, the compatibility and bonding strength between the straw fiber and the cementitious material can be enhanced, and the mechanical properties of the ecological restoration matrix can be improved; and when the matrix cracks, stress can be more effectively transmitted through the bridging action, absorbing more energy, thereby improving the toughness and stability of the ecological restoration matrix.

[0066] In Comparative Example 3, the modification operation on the recycled aggregate and the straw fiber is omitted, and the commercially available products are directly applied to the ecological restoration matrix, and its various properties are the worst; and there is a large performance gap between adding the self-made modified straw fiber or the self-made modified recycled aggregate alone and Examples 1-5 of the present application. The possible reason is that: only through the synergistic effect of the self-made modified recycled aggregate and the self-made modified straw fiber, the path of the ecological restoration matrix being damaged is greatly increased, so that the ecological restoration matrix has excellent repair durability. Through the synergistic effect, the ecological restoration matrix can still maintain the continuous pore structure of the ecological restoration matrix over a long time span, preventing it from being prematurely damaged and blocked due to actions such as freeze-thaw and weathering, and ensuring the long-term effectiveness of its water permeability, air permeability and plant root growth space; and the more durable and more stable continuous pore structure of the ecological restoration matrix can also provide a longer and better growth attachment base and water-vapor channel for plants, thereby achieving more excellent ecological restoration functions.

[0067] Moreover, although the self-made modified recycled aggregate and the self-made modified straw fiber contained in the technical solution of the present application become hydrophobic on the surface through modification, reducing the water absorption rate of the components themselves; however, the ecological restoration matrix of the present application forms an ecological restoration matrix with continuous pores through the continuously graded recycled aggregate, and water can still flow through the macroscopic pore network formed by the accumulation of the recycled aggregate, and water can still be retained in the pore network of the ecological restoration matrix through capillary action and surface tension, thereby providing a good growth environment for plant growth.

[0068] The specific embodiments described above further elaborate on the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials, characterized in that, By weight, its specific composition is: 10-20 parts of gel material, 45-60 parts of self-made modified recycled aggregate, 4-9 parts of self-made modified straw fiber, 3-8 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of coconut coir, 3-5 parts of pH regulator, 1-2 parts of slow-release compound fertilizer, and 40-60 parts of water.

2. The ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gel material is a gel material based on recycled materials. By weight, its specific composition is: 35-45 parts of steel slag powder, 5-10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 25-35 parts of fly ash, 8-15 parts of waste ceramic powder, and 5-10 parts of carbide slag.

3. The ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steel slag powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of 400-500 m² / kg; the desulfurized gypsum in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area of 350-450 m² / kg; the waste ceramic powder in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 600 m² / kg; the carbide slag in the gel material needs to be ground to a specific surface area greater than 400 m² / kg; the fineness of the fly ash in the gel material meets the requirements of Class II fly ash.

4. An ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH regulator is composed of humic acid powder and phosphogypsum powder with a mass ratio of 1:1; the slow-release compound fertilizer is composed of polyurethane-coated urea, potassium sulfate, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with a mass ratio of 1:1:

1.

5. An ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the self-made modified recycled aggregate: Place the rinsed and dried recycled aggregate in a methyltriethoxysilane emulsion. The emulsion completely submerges the recycled aggregate, and the soaking time is 36 h. Stir thoroughly every 8 h during the soaking process to ensure that the surface energy of the recycled aggregate can fully contact the methyltriethoxysilane emulsion; after soaking, take out the recycled aggregate and dry it thoroughly at room temperature to obtain the self-made modified recycled aggregate.

6. The ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The recycled aggregate is a continuously graded aggregate with a particle size of 5-20 mm.

7. An ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the self-made modified straw fiber: Add N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and deionized water to an ethanol solution, stir thoroughly to form a mixed solution, and then slowly add acetic acid to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to 4. After the pH is stable, continue magnetic stirring for 30 min; then completely immerse the dried straw fiber in the above mixed solution and react for 2 h. During the soaking process, the straw fiber needs to be frequently turned to ensure that the mixed solution fully contacts the straw fiber; after the reaction is completed, take out the straw fiber and wash it with ethanol to ensure that the unreacted products are completely removed; then place the washed straw fiber in an oven and dry it to constant weight at a temperature of 70 °C to obtain the self-made modified straw fiber.

8. The ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the preparation process of the self-made modified straw fiber, the volume ratio of ethanol: N-(β-aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane: deionized water is 20:1:

1.

9. An ecological restoration substrate based on recycled materials according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The preparation method of the gel material is: Add all the powdered components of the weighed steel slag powder, desulfurized gypsum, fly ash, waste ceramic powder, and carbide slag to a double-screw conical mixer and perform dry mixing for 30 min. After all the components are evenly distributed, the gel material based on recycled materials is prepared.

10. The preparation method of the ecological restoration matrix based on recycled materials according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: First, add the self-made modified recycled aggregate and part of the water into a blender and stir to fully wet the surface of the self-made modified recycled aggregate; then add the gel material, biochar, coconut coir, pH regulator, slow-release compound fertilizer, and continue to stir for 10 minutes; finally, add the self-made modified straw fiber and the remaining water, and continue to stir for 3 minutes to obtain the ecological restoration matrix.

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